treatments-xml/data/03/B1/87/03B187E0FFCC574CCD09FA350F8FCD39.xml

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<mods:title id="3DAEE45F459C0569B5E7641DFDD75015">On the morphology and classification of larval water mites (Hydrachnidia, Acari) from springs in Luxembourg</mods:title>
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<paragraph id="8BA736F6FFCC574DCD09FA350CC7CC79" blockId="12.[264,665,1524,1550]" box="[264,665,1524,1550]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<heading id="D0EF819AFFCC574DCD09FA350CC7CC79" bold="true" box="[264,665,1524,1550]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C184D75FFCC574DCD09FA350CC7CC79" authority="Walter, 1906" authorityName="Walter" authorityYear="1906" box="[264,665,1524,1550]" class="Arachnida" family="Sperchonidae" genus="Sperchon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="insignis">
<emphasis id="B96CEAE4FFCC574DCD09FA350CC7CC79" bold="true" box="[264,665,1524,1550]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis id="B96CEAE4FFCC574DCD09FA350FBFCC79" bold="true" box="[264,481,1524,1550]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Sperchon insignis</emphasis>
(Walter, 1906)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA736F6FFCC574DCD09F9FE0FA9CCDE" blockId="12.[264,1323,1599,1905]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
Records (
<tableCitation id="C69A034DFFCC574DCD79F9FE0F88CC2E" box="[376,470,1599,1625]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="5.[264,352,283,307]" captionText="TABLE 2. The water mite species known from Luxembourg springs and their presence at different sites. In bold: species and numbers of sampled larvae of species collected in the respective emergence traps at sites E 1 ­ E 7, x = species at the emergence sites collected only in benthos samples by Gerecke et al. (2005) and / or during the present study, o. s. = other spring sites in Luxembourg (see Gerecke et al. 2005), + = species collected at these sites and at the 7 emergence sites, ++ = species only collected in these benthic samples." pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Table 2</tableCitation>
): Benthos samples at three spring sites in Gutland, 5 individuals. 
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E7 
<specimenCount id="9D1EFD7FFFCC574DC90FF9FE0B75CC2E" box="[1294,1323,1599,1625]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="larva">22</specimenCount>
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larvae, parasitic on dixids. Attribution to adults by co­occurrence. Rearing of larvae from female adults failed.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C302657DFFCC574CCD39F9760F8FCD39" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BA736F6FFCC574CCD39F9760B48CB41" blockId="12.[264,1323,1599,1905]" lastBlockId="13.[264,1325,284,1870]" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
Description (n = 5; unless otherwise indicated): Since all larvae were in a poor condition and had engorged to different extents, an illustration of the larval morphology was not possible and not all characters could be measured. Idiosoma moderately ovate; in some specimens, a transverse­folded field at posterior dorsal idiosoma was visible, similar to that in 
<taxonomicName id="4C184D75FFCC574DCD8AF8960FA1CD07" box="[395,511,1879,1904]" class="Arachnida" family="Sperchonidae" genus="Sperchon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="setiger">
<emphasis id="B96CEAE4FFCC574DCD8AF8960FA1CD07" box="[395,511,1879,1904]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">S. setiger</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13232A73FFCC574DCE14F8960CEECD06" box="[533,688,1879,1905]" captionStart="FIGURES 15 – 20" captionStartId="9.[264,382,1641,1665]" captionTargetBox="[289,1305,353,1607]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[264,1323,329,1614]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 15 – 20. Fig. 15: Sperchonopsis verrucosa, ventral idiosoma (from Martin 2000), Fig. 16: Sperchon clupeifer dorsal idiosoma (redrawn and modified after Ullrich 1976), Fig. 17: Sperchon setiger, dorsal idiosoma, Fig. 18: Sperchon setiger, ventral idiosoma and gnathosoma (from Renz et al. 2004), Fig. 19: Sperchon thienemanni, dorsal idiosoma, Fig. 20: Sperchon thienemanni, ventral idiosoma (Figs. 19 – 20 from Martin 2003)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/172010/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Figs. 17, 18</figureCitation>
). Size of idiosoma strongly variable depending on engorgement. Length of five engorged specimens: 219–252 (236), width 198–246 (218).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA736F6FFCD574CCD39FE850A17CB89" blockId="13.[264,1325,284,1870]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
Dorsal idiosoma: Dp relatively small and finely striated. Anterior margin nearly straight or slightly concave, posteriorly slightly confined. Length/width Dp (n=1) 108/68, Mp2­Amdp (n=2) 40–46 (43), Mp1­Mp1 43–47 (45), Mp2­Mp 
<date id="FFA61036FFCD574CCFEDFE550A15CBD9" box="[1004,1099,404,430]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1932-02-30">2 30–32</date>
(31), Lp1­Lp1 38– 42 (40), Lp2­Lp2 50–50 (50), Mp1­Lp 
<date id="FFA61036FFCD574CCED4FE7D0D71CBA1" box="[725,815,444,470]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1912-12-01">1 12–12</date>
(12), Mp2­Lp 
<date id="FFA61036FFCD574CCFD8FE7D0A67CBA1" box="[985,1081,444,470]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1914-02-17">2 14–17</date>
(16), Mp1­Mp 
<date id="FFA61036FFCD574CC8EBFE7D0F7BCB89" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1932-02-28">2 28– 32</date>
(30), Lp1­Lp 
<date id="FFA61036FFCD574CCDC7FE250C78CB89" box="[454,550,484,510]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1925-02-31">2 25–31</date>
(28), Mp1 (n=1) 36, Mp2 38, Lp1 28, Lp2 52.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA736F6FFCD574CCD39FDCD0CB6C961" blockId="13.[264,1325,284,1870]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
Ventral idiosoma: Length/width CX­I (n=5) 71–77 (74)/37–41 (39), CX­II 64–72 (67)/ 42–47 (44), CX­III 78–83 (80)/64–70 (66), the coxal plates were sculptured in some specimens with a characteristic pattern, similar to that of 
<taxonomicName id="4C184D75FFCD574CCFCEFD9D0A22C802" box="[975,1148,604,629]" class="Arachnida" family="Sperchonidae" genus="Sperchon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longissimus">
<emphasis id="B96CEAE4FFCD574CCFCEFD9D0A22C802" box="[975,1148,604,629]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">S. longissimus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(see 
<figureCitation id="13232A73FFCD574CC8C3FD9D0B40C801" box="[1218,1310,604,630]" captionStart="FIGURES 21 – 24" captionStartId="15.[264,382,1761,1785]" captionTargetBox="[305,1272,474,1714]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[264,1323,449,1734]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 21 – 24. Sperchon longissimus (original). Fig. 21: dorsal idiosoma, Fig. 22: ventral idiosoma, Fig. 23: chelicera, Fig. 24: palp. Scale bars: 21, 22 100 µm, 22, 23 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/172011/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 22</figureCitation>
), urstigma slightly elongated, maximum diameter 12–13 (13), C1­C2 44–46 (45), C1­ posterior margin of CX­I 19–23 (21), C1­Mmcp 19–23 (21), C4­Pmcp 64–72 (68), C1 54– 59 (56), C2 58–64 (62), C4 (n=2) 58–66 (62), length/width Expp (n=5) 14–17 (15)/16–19 (17), E1­ 
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E 
<date id="FFA61036FFCD574CCD89FD3D0FF6C961" box="[392,424,764,790]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1910-06-01">1 6</date>
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–10 (8), E2­ 
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E 
<date id="FFA61036FFCD574CCE48FD3D0C22C961" box="[585,636,764,790]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1913-10-02">2 10</date>
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–13 (12).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA736F6FFCD574CCD39FCE50A4BC911" blockId="13.[264,1325,284,1870]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
Gnathosoma: Length/height chelicera (n=2) 72–72 (72)/ 22–22 (22), length chela (n=1) 19, length/height P2 41/34, length/height P 
<date id="FFA61036FFCD574CCF4AFC8D0DFBC911" box="[843,933,844,870]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1929-03-25">3 25/29</date>
, claw 20.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA736F6FFCD574CCD39FCB50AABC9F9" blockId="13.[264,1325,284,1870]" box="[312,1269,884,910]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Legs (n=5): All leg segments with the exception of first segments clearly striated.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA736F6FFCD574CCD39FC5D0C7CCE71" blockId="13.[264,1325,284,1870]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Leg I: Total length 269–288 (279), length/height I­L1 32–37 (35)/25–28 (26), I­L2 42–47 (45)/26–29 (28), I­L3 54–58 (56)/24–28 (26), I­L4 61–62 (61)/ 24–24 (24), I­L5 79–84 (81)/ 22–22 (22).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA736F6FFCD574CCD39FBD50C44CE09" blockId="13.[264,1325,284,1870]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Leg II: Total length 295–312 (303), length/height II­L1 41–42 (42)/25–26 (26), II­L2 44–48 (46)/26–28 (27), II­L3 58–61 (60)/24–26 (25), II­L4 68–72 (70)/22–24 (23), II­L5 84–89 (86)/20–22 (21).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA736F6FFCD574CCD39FB4D0C34CE81" blockId="13.[264,1325,284,1870]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Leg III: Total length 349–374 (361), length/height III­L1 50–56 (53)/24–26 (25), III­ L2 52–60 (55)/24–28 (26), III­L3 70–74 (72)/ 20–24 (23), III­L4 85–89 (87)/22–22 (22), III­L5 92–95 (93)/19–20 (20).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA736F6FFCD574CCD39FAC50D4BCFC9" blockId="13.[264,1325,284,1870]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
Diagnostic characters of larvae: Lack of C3 and short legs. In general, the larval morphology of 
<taxonomicName id="4C184D75FFCD574CCDBFFAED0C69CF32" box="[446,567,1324,1349]" class="Arachnida" family="Sperchonidae" genus="Sperchon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="insignis">
<emphasis id="B96CEAE4FFCD574CCDBFFAED0C69CF32" box="[446,567,1324,1349]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">S. insignis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is similar to that of 
<taxonomicName id="4C184D75FFCD574CCF25FAED0DCFCF32" box="[804,913,1324,1349]" class="Arachnida" family="Sperchonidae" genus="Sperchon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="setiger">
<emphasis id="B96CEAE4FFCD574CCF25FAED0DCFCF32" box="[804,913,1324,1349]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">S. setiger</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(e.g. related to the lack of seta C3, the field of the folded integument located at the distal dorsal idiosoma). However, some morphological differences enable a separation between the two species. All legs and Dp in 
<taxonomicName id="4C184D75FFCD574CCD09FA650FDECFCA" box="[264,384,1444,1469]" class="Arachnida" family="Sperchonidae" genus="Sperchon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="insignis">
<emphasis id="B96CEAE4FFCD574CCD09FA650FDECFCA" box="[264,384,1444,1469]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">S. insignis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are longer than those in 
<taxonomicName id="4C184D75FFCD574CCEA3FA650D50CFCA" box="[674,782,1444,1469]" class="Arachnida" family="Sperchonidae" genus="Sperchon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="setiger">
<emphasis id="B96CEAE4FFCD574CCEA3FA650D50CFCA" box="[674,782,1444,1469]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">S. setiger</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA736F6FFCD574CCD39FA0D0F8FCD39" blockId="13.[264,1325,284,1870]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
Remarks: The larva of 
<taxonomicName id="4C184D75FFCD574CCE51FA0D0D7CCF92" box="[592,802,1484,1509]" class="Arachnida" family="Sperchonidae" genus="Sperchon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="insignis">
<emphasis id="B96CEAE4FFCD574CCE51FA0D0D7CCF92" box="[592,802,1484,1509]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Sperchon insignis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was previously unknown. The species was formerly placed as a synonym or as a subspecies of 
<taxonomicName id="4C184D75FFCD574CCF82FA350DADCC7A" box="[899,1011,1524,1549]" class="Arachnida" family="Sperchonidae" genus="Sperchon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="setiger">
<emphasis id="B96CEAE4FFCD574CCF82FA350DADCC7A" box="[899,1011,1524,1549]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">S. setiger</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(e.g. 
<bibRefCitation id="EF894B07FFCD574CC83AFA350B78CC79" author="Viets" box="[1083,1318,1524,1550]" pageId="13" pageNumber="44" refString="Viets, K., &amp; Viets, K. O. (1959) Wassermilben, Hydracarina. In: Brohmer, P., Ehrmann, P. &amp; Ulmer, G. (E d s.) Die Tierwelt Mitteleuropas. Quelle &amp; Meyer, Leipzig, pp. 1 - 44." type="book chapter" year="1959">Viets &amp; Viets 1959</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EF894B07FFCD574CCD09F9DD0FD2CC41" author="Viets" box="[264,396,1564,1590]" pageId="13" pageNumber="44" refString="Viets, K. O. (1987) Die Milben des Sußwassers (Hydrachnellae und Halacaridae [part.], Acari). II. Katalog. Sonderbande des Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins in Hamburg, 8, 1 - 1012." type="journal article" year="1987">Viets 1987</bibRefCitation>
). Our morphological data of the larvae support recognition of 
<taxonomicName id="4C184D75FFCD574CC879F9DD0AACCC42" box="[1144,1266,1564,1589]" class="Arachnida" family="Sperchonidae" genus="Sperchon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="insignis">
<emphasis id="B96CEAE4FFCD574CC879F9DD0AACCC42" box="[1144,1266,1564,1589]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">S. insignis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as a separate species (Gerecke, pers. com.). Since the state of the studied animals did not allow figures to be drawn, the description above is incomplete. Differences in size of legs, sclerotized structures of the idiosoma and setae are often found in sibling species exhibiting parasitic and non­parasitic life­history traits (
<bibRefCitation id="EF894B07FFCD574CCFAFF97D0A1ECCA1" author="Smith" box="[942,1088,1724,1750]" pageId="13" pageNumber="44" refString="Smith, B. P. (1998) Loss of larval parasitism in parasitengonine mites. Experimental &amp; Applied Acarology, 22, 187 - 200." type="journal article" year="1998">Smith 1998</bibRefCitation>
). A more thorough investigation of larval morphology of egg larvae from different populations of 
<taxonomicName id="4C184D75FFCD574CC8BAF9250B75CC8A" box="[1211,1323,1764,1789]" class="Arachnida" family="Sperchonidae" genus="Sperchon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="setiger">
<emphasis id="B96CEAE4FFCD574CC8BAF9250B75CC8A" box="[1211,1323,1764,1789]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">S. setiger</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C184D75FFCD574CCD3BF8CD0FECCD52" box="[314,434,1804,1829]" class="Arachnida" family="Sperchonidae" genus="Sperchon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="insignis">
<emphasis id="B96CEAE4FFCD574CCD3BF8CD0FECCD52" box="[314,434,1804,1829]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">S. insignis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
should show to which extent larval morphology in 
<taxonomicName id="4C184D75FFCD574CC810F8CD0A21CD52" box="[1041,1151,1804,1829]" class="Arachnida" family="Sperchonidae" genus="Sperchon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="setiger">
<emphasis id="B96CEAE4FFCD574CC810F8CD0A21CD52" box="[1041,1151,1804,1829]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">S. setiger</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from different habitats is stable.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>