200 lines
23 KiB
XML
200 lines
23 KiB
XML
<document id="0D9ADFE5ABAF0A6FE0CC2CB5A5A1D798" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.436.3.5" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13874293" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1727816771703" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Stone, Jeffery R., Kociolek, J. Patrick & Westover, Karlyn S." docDate="2020" docId="03B187DBFF84D233FF77F9A9FB9FFE53" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.436.3.5.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 436 (3)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.436.3.5" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.13:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="13" docTitle="Gomphonema chemeron Jeff. R. Stone, Westover & Kociolek 2020, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="279" masterDocId="FF88FFA3FF82D23AFFFFFFE6FFE3FF80" masterDocTitle="Two multi-stigmate Gomphonema species of Africa: Gomphonema kalahariense (nom. nov., stat. nov.) and Gomphonema chemeron (sp. nov.)" masterLastPageNumber="282" masterPageNumber="270" pageNumber="276" updateTime="1727819128075" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:titleInfo id="106B0645B8A839A577D0B3E74E10E6B5">
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<mods:title id="9FDF59F3D797BC18DCAA28F5AEFF4B05">Two multi-stigmate Gomphonema species of Africa: Gomphonema kalahariense (nom. nov., stat. nov.) and Gomphonema chemeron (sp. nov.)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="FBCA885921DB5EEE17CC2EB9EC8997E2" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="33B2568B18EA42438C1ECDFA62ED26FF">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="65E0A57B001D17FA72DBF470543C443B">Stone, Jeffery R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="8523E3F714C9721706B1088AC73521EE">Indiana State University, Department of Earth and Environmental Systems</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:name id="41394BADFB05AB51419891DDFBC0760D" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="A77EE9C29F36BD13F887E6EDA3358AD7">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="8D1DAE3584B0613C6EDEC9F328659171">Kociolek, J. Patrick</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="C11C0292B8E16AA2F930F39F43E2E543">University of Colorado, Boulder, Museum of Natural History and Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm id="658B54EEDD4A12DFC9E9560A00EAFF5D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="AC17171856A7EA7940CF5825620E85F8">Westover, Karlyn S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="3621BA09D68C719E9385788961B8319A">Indiana State University, Department of Earth and Environmental Systems</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="4A1B5CD596FD77ADC28ABB52EB247C62">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="E68D8E4890D0F992687C409C9353C0A2">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="9320B527325FF70A370CF7079AC30CF6">
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<mods:date id="0E5C6C57E45E84EB7A130FC10D9E8597">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="BF776D7418BF7355E85E6CA4E69786D6">2020-03-19</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="18DDDBC9384E40C8D218008F63584135">436</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="5EB764CBF2E17EB6D98BBA57D8B3D3B9">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.436.3.5</mods:url>
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<subSubSection id="C3026546FF84D23CFF77F9A9FBD8F9EA" box="[136,1083,1615,1642]" pageId="6" pageNumber="276" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BA736CDFF84D23CFF77F9A9FBD8F9EA" blockId="6.[136,1083,1615,1642]" box="[136,1083,1615,1642]" pageId="6" pageNumber="276">
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<heading id="D0EF81A1FF84D23CFF77F9A9FBD8F9EA" box="[136,1083,1615,1642]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="276" reason="3">
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<taxonomicName id="4C184D4EFF84D23CFF77F9A9FCDBF9EA" authority="Jeff.R.Stone, Westover & Kociolek" authorityName="Jeff. R. Stone, Westover & Kociolek" authorityYear="2020" box="[136,824,1615,1642]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Gomphonemataceae" genus="Gomphonema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Cymbellales" pageId="6" pageNumber="276" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="chemeron" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B96CEADFFF84D23CFF77F9A9FE46F9EA" bold="true" box="[136,421,1615,1642]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="276">Gomphonema chemeron</emphasis>
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Jeff.R.Stone, Westover & Kociolek
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="B96CEADFFF84D23CFCC1F9B7FC70F9EA" box="[830,915,1617,1642]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="276">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25F57A4FF84D23CFCC1F9B7FC70F9EA" box="[830,915,1617,1642]" pageId="6" pageNumber="276" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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||
<figureCitation id="13232A48FF84D23CFC65F9B6FBD8F9EA" box="[922,1083,1616,1642]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 20–27" captionStart-1="FIGURES 28–33" captionStartId-0="8.[136,243,1992,2014]" captionStartId-1="9.[136,243,1467,1489]" captionTargetBox-0="[159,1422,1242,1947]" captionTargetBox-1="[143,1446,494,1437]" captionTargetId-0="figure-45@8.[151,1436,1232,1965]" captionTargetId-1="figure-143@9.[778,1451,488,1441]" captionTargetPageId-0="8" captionTargetPageId-1="9" captionText-0="FIGURES 20–27. Light microscope images of Gomphonema chemeron. Scale bar = 10 µm." captionText-1="FIGURES 28–33. SEM images of Gomphonema chemeron. Figs. 28, 29. External views. Fig. 28. Girdle view at the apex with uniseriate rows of areolae comprising striae evident. Fig. 29. Valve view of central area with numerous (4) stigmata present. Figs 30-33. Internal views. Fig. 30. Entire valve view. Central nodule has 5 stigmata openings and recurved proximal raphe ends. Fig. 31. Central area to headpole, with central nodule bearing 3 stigmata openings and recurved proximal raphe ends. At the headpole, both a septum and pseudoseptum are present. Fig. 32. Footpole with prominent pseudoseptum evident, covering the helictoglossa. Fig. 33. Entire valve, with central nodule bearing 4 stigmata openings and proximal raphe ends barely visible. Striae can be seen extending onto the mantle. A remnant pseudoseptum is present at the headpole. Scale bars are indicated in the images." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13874315" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13874317" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/13874315/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/13874317/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="276">Figures 20–33</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3026546FF84D23CFF77F97EFE30F79A" pageId="6" pageNumber="276" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BA736CDFF84D23CFF77F97EFAA3F80A" blockId="6.[136,1452,1688,2074]" pageId="6" pageNumber="276">
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<emphasis id="B96CEADFFF84D23CFF77F97EFEFFF932" bold="true" box="[136,284,1688,1714]" pageId="6" pageNumber="276">Description:</emphasis>
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Frustules in girdle view wedge-shaped with rows of coarser areolae on the mantle separated from the transapical striae by a structureless zone. Valves weakly clavate, rhomboid-lanceolate, with broadly-rounded apices. Length 38–88 µm, width 10–16 µm. Axial area wide, with a unilaterally-expanded central area due to the presence of shortened stria. Raphe lateral. Transapical striae uniseriate, distinctly radiate,
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<quantity id="4CE09B28FF84D23CFC07F8E2FBA3F89E" box="[1016,1088,1796,1822]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.032" metricValueMax="2.286" metricValueMin="1.778" pageId="6" pageNumber="276" unit="in" value="8.0" valueMax="9.0" valueMin="7.0">7–9 in</quantity>
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10 µm, but at the poles slightly denser (
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<quantity id="4CE09B28FF84D23CFF1EF8CEFEF8F8C2" box="[225,283,1832,1858]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="6" pageNumber="276" unit="in" value="10.0">10 in</quantity>
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10 µm). Stigmata (3)4–7 present in the central area, with the number present positively related to valve length. At the border of the central area, striae on the side opposite of the stigmata often end with slightly detached, stigmoid areoles. Footpole with a bilobed apical pore field. Septa and pseudosepta are present at both poles.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA736CDFF84D23CFF42F872FE30F79A" blockId="6.[136,1452,1688,2074]" pageId="6" pageNumber="276">
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<emphasis id="B96CEADFFF84D23CFF42F872FEB3F82E" bold="true" box="[189,336,1940,1966]" pageId="6" pageNumber="276">In the SEM:</emphasis>
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Striae have roughly 22 (20–24) areolae in 10 µm that are coarsely punctate and uniseriate. Stigmata are expressed internally as slits and externally are simple openings. Internally, the proximal raphe ends hook sharply toward the stigmata. Proximal raphe ends lack distinctive central pores. The distal raphe ends terminate internally as small, distinct helictoglossae.
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||
</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<caption id="DF676645FF85D23DFF77F85FFD04F873" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13874309" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13874309" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13874309/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="277" startId="7.[136,229,1977,1999]" targetBox="[236,1352,210,1939]" targetPageId="7" targetType="figure">
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<paragraph id="8BA736CDFF85D23DFF77F85FFD04F873" blockId="7.[136,1452,1977,2035]" pageId="7" pageNumber="277">
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<emphasis id="B96CEADFFF85D23DFF77F85FFEE8F84E" bold="true" box="[136,267,1977,1999]" pageId="7" pageNumber="277">FIGURE 18.</emphasis>
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Measurements comparing populations of multi-stigmate
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C184D4EFF85D23DFCC4F85FFC21F84E" box="[827,962,1977,1998]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Gomphonemataceae" genus="Gomphonema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Cymbellales" pageId="7" pageNumber="277" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B96CEADFFF85D23DFCC4F85FFC21F84E" box="[827,962,1977,1998]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="277">Gomphonema</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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from Baringo and Kalahari populations. A) Valve length vs. valve width. B) Valve length vs. number of stigmata.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</caption>
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||
<caption id="DF676645FF8AD232FF77FB66FDEBFB3A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13874313" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13874313" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13874313/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="278" startId="8.[136,229,1152,1174]" targetBox="[169,1421,208,1104]" targetPageId="8" targetType="figure">
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<paragraph id="8BA736CDFF8AD232FF77FB66FDEBFB3A" blockId="8.[136,1451,1152,1210]" pageId="8" pageNumber="278">
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<emphasis id="B96CEADFFF8AD232FF77FB66FEEEFB15" bold="true" box="[136,269,1152,1174]" pageId="8" pageNumber="278">FIGURE 19.</emphasis>
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Biplot data from 25-point landmark analysis showing morphologically-distinct populations of
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<taxonomicName id="4C184D4EFF8AD232FB43FB66FA72FB16" box="[1212,1425,1152,1174]" pageId="8" pageNumber="278">
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<emphasis id="B96CEADFFF8AD232FB43FB66FAA0FB15" box="[1212,1347,1152,1173]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="278">Gomphonema</emphasis>
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species
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</taxonomicName>
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at Baringo Basin and Kalahari Basin sites.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption id="DF676645FF8AD232FF77F82EFBE0F85E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13874315" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13874315" box="[136,1027,1990,2016]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13874315/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="278" startId="8.[136,243,1992,2014]" targetBox="[159,1422,1242,1947]" targetPageId="8" targetType="figure">
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<paragraph id="8BA736CDFF8AD232FF77F82EFBE0F85E" blockId="8.[136,1027,1990,2016]" box="[136,1027,1990,2016]" pageId="8" pageNumber="278">
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<emphasis id="B96CEADFFF8AD232FF77F82EFEDFF85E" bold="true" box="[136,316,1990,2016]" pageId="8" pageNumber="278">FIGURES 20–27.</emphasis>
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Light microscope images of
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C184D4EFF8AD232FDAAF82FFCA3F85E" authorityName="Jeff. R. Stone, Westover & Kociolek" authorityYear="2020" box="[597,832,1993,2014]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Gomphonemataceae" genus="Gomphonema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Cymbellales" pageId="8" pageNumber="278" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="chemeron">
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||
<emphasis id="B96CEADFFF8AD232FDAAF82FFCA3F85E" box="[597,832,1993,2014]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="278">Gomphonema chemeron</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Scale bar = 10 µm.
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</paragraph>
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:
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specimen on slide
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the JPK
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at the
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<location id="8EC76016FF8BD233FBF6FF78FB9CFF38" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B187DBFF84D233FF77F9A9FB9FFE53:8EC76016FF8BD233FBF6FF78FB9CFF38" box="[1033,1151,158,184]" county="Circled" municipality="Collection" name="University" pageId="9" pageNumber="279" stateProvince="Colorado">University</location>
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of
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(
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)(
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).
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<typeStatus id="54A3886FFF8BD233FF42FF03FEFBFF7F" box="[189,280,229,255]" pageId="9" pageNumber="279" type="isotype">Isotype</typeStatus>
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:
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</emphasis>
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Circled specimen on slide
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<quantity id="4CE09B28FF8BD233FDB1FF02FD5CFF7F" box="[590,703,228,255]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4859787399999997" pageId="9" pageNumber="279" unit="in" value="585031.0">585031 in</quantity>
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the JPK Collection at the University of
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<collectingRegion id="49DCF82FFF8BD233FB7FFF03FB0BFF7F" box="[1152,1256,229,255]" country="United States of America" name="Colorado" pageId="9" pageNumber="279">Colorado</collectingRegion>
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(
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).
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|
||
<paragraph id="8BA736CDFF8BD233FF42FEEEFC7BFEA2" blockId="9.[136,1452,158,467]" box="[189,920,264,291]" pageId="9" pageNumber="279">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CEADFFF8BD233FF42FEEEFE89FEA2" bold="true" box="[189,362,264,290]" pageId="9" pageNumber="279">Type Locality:</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49DCF82FFF8BD233FE8EFEEEFE28FEA2" box="[369,459,264,290]" country="Kenya" name="Baringo" pageId="9" pageNumber="279">Baringo</collectingRegion>
|
||
Basin (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE2C500AFF8BD233FDDEFEEEFD43FEA3" box="[545,672,264,291]" degrees="0.55458" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="279" precision="1" value="0.55458">0.55458°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE2C500AFF8BD233FD54FEEEFCD6FEA3" box="[683,821,264,291]" degrees="35.93748" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="279" precision="1" value="35.93748">35.93748°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30F765DFF8BD233FCB7FEEEFC76FEA2" box="[840,917,264,290]" name="Kenya" pageId="9" pageNumber="279">Kenya</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA736CDFF8BD233FF77FECDFDA2FE0C" blockId="9.[136,1452,158,467]" pageId="9" pageNumber="279">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CEADFFF8BD233FF77FECDFF2AFEC5" bold="true" box="[136,201,299,325]" pageId="9" pageNumber="279">Note:</emphasis>
|
||
The species name is representative of the geological formation (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C184D4EFF8BD233FC45FECDFB51FEC5" authority="Formation" authorityName="Formation" box="[954,1202,299,325]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Gomphonemataceae" genus="Gomphonema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Cymbellales" pageId="9" pageNumber="279" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="chemeron">Chemeron Formation</taxonomicName>
|
||
) in which the diatom has been observed. To date,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C184D4EFF8BD233FE36FEA9FDB9FEE8" box="[457,602,334,361]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Gomphonemataceae" genus="Gomphonema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Cymbellales" pageId="9" pageNumber="279" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="chemeron">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CEADFFF8BD233FE36FEA9FDB9FEE8" box="[457,602,334,361]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="279">G. chemeron</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has only been observed in diatomite deposits of the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49DCF82FFF8BD233FB4EFEA8FAE8FEE8" box="[1201,1291,334,360]" country="Kenya" name="Baringo" pageId="9" pageNumber="279">Baringo</collectingRegion>
|
||
Basin,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30F765DFF8BD233FA9DFEA9FA48FEE9" box="[1378,1451,335,361]" name="Kenya" pageId="9" pageNumber="279">Kenya</collectingCountry>
|
||
approximately 2.6 million years of age.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3026546FF8BD233FF42FE72FB9FFE53" pageId="9" pageNumber="279" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA736CDFF8BD233FF42FE72FB9FFE53" blockId="9.[136,1452,158,467]" pageId="9" pageNumber="279">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CEADFFF8BD233FF42FE72FE2AFE2E" bold="true" box="[189,457,404,430]" pageId="9" pageNumber="279">Differential diagnosis:</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C184D4EFF8BD233FE2DFE73FD87FE2F" box="[466,612,405,431]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Gomphonemataceae" genus="Gomphonema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Cymbellales" pageId="9" pageNumber="279" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="chemeron">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CEADFFF8BD233FE2DFE73FD87FE2F" box="[466,612,405,431]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="279">G. chemeron</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C184D4EFF8BD233FC5FFE73FBB5FE2F" authorityName="Jeff. R. Stone & Kociolek" authorityYear="2020" box="[928,1110,405,431]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Gomphonemataceae" genus="Gomphonema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Cymbellales" pageId="9" pageNumber="279" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="kalahariense">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CEADFFF8BD233FC5FFE73FBB5FE2F" box="[928,1110,405,431]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="279">G. kalahariense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the population size range, length:width ratio, and the range of number of stigmata present (
|
||
<emphasis id="B96CEADFFF8BD233FCA3FE5FFC63FE52" box="[860,896,441,466]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="279">see</emphasis>
|
||
<tableCitation id="C69A0376FF8BD233FC79FE5FFC3AFE53" box="[902,985,441,467]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="6.[136,224,160,184]" captionText="TABLE 1. Comparison of multivariate Gomphonema species discussed. (Reichardt, 2005)." pageId="9" pageNumber="279">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13232A48FF8BD233FC18FE5FFBA0FE53" box="[999,1091,441,467]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="7.[136,229,1977,1999]" captionTargetBox="[236,1352,210,1939]" captionTargetId="figure-33@7.[215,1372,1071,1950]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 18. Measurements comparing populations of multi-stigmate Gomphonema from Baringo and Kalahari populations. A) Valve length vs. valve width. B) Valve length vs. number of stigmata." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13874309" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13874309/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="279">Figs. 18</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13232A48FF8BD233FBB0FE5FFB8DFE53" box="[1103,1134,441,467]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="8.[136,229,1152,1174]" captionTargetBox="[169,1421,208,1104]" captionTargetId="figure-21@8.[151,1436,187,1125]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 19. Biplot data from 25-point landmark analysis showing morphologically-distinct populations of Gomphonema species at Baringo Basin and Kalahari Basin sites." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13874313" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13874313/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="279">19</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |