532 lines
64 KiB
XML
532 lines
64 KiB
XML
<document id="3ACD9D5DB3A67B7F49A127021E490F47" ID-CLB-Dataset="276820" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.622.2.2" ID-GBIF-Dataset="850361f4-d977-420d-8950-eddb2ce5d17d" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10084582" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="jonas" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="jonas" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="jonas" IM.treatments_approvedBy="jonas" checkinTime="1698932450283" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Bandara, Champika, Atthanagoda, Anusha Gayan, Bandara, Nadeesha Lewke & Kumar, Pankaj" docDate="2023" docId="03B1553F4A0BDD0A5ECC1E6FFE2FF8AA" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.622.2.2.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 622 (2)" docSource="https://phytotaxa.mapress.com/pt/article/download/phytotaxa.622.2.2/51246" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.7:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="7" docTitle="Gastrodia munasinghae Atthanagoda, C. Bandara & Kumar 2023, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="117" masterDocId="FF882D474A0ADD085E441D1BFFC4FF9A" masterDocTitle="The study of the tribe Gastrodieae (Orchidaceae, Epidendroideae) in Sri Lanka I: two new species of Gastrodia" masterLastPageNumber="130" masterPageNumber="115" pageNumber="116" updateTime="1699465166651" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="100AD7C379FB44FAD9B4BAA69B50F024">The study of the tribe Gastrodieae (Orchidaceae, Epidendroideae) in Sri Lanka I: two new species of Gastrodia</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="6DF2EFBB07F77DA2B9D44F710958F3A5">Bandara, Champika</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="94E5CC5AFC36519844D375D3A4497B9F">Faculty of Graduate Studies, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Gangodawila, Nugegoda 10250, Sri Lanka. & cshbandara @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 5403 - 8037</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="1CC97239ABE3696ACB87899AD9AF14D3">Atthanagoda, Anusha Gayan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="272E5CF3E52A479BAA2066FB5956A6B9">Institute of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Colombo, Colombo 00300, Sri Lanka. & anushagayan 1983 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 3301 - 4081</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="FDA51DA111C48267A60FE941B8017290" type="email">anushagayan1983@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="398804B52E5FD1D316742BB8EB5D467E">Bandara, Nadeesha Lewke</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="8242A7862D77ACF31B8D196B3BC91703">Institute of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Colombo, Colombo 00300, Sri Lanka. & nlbandara @ ibmbb. cmb. ac. lk; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 3873 - 220 X</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="3046A8750C16735E34F675655BEAC02C">Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, USA. & sahanipankaj @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 3469 - 5731</mods:affiliation>
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<emphasis id="B96C383B4A0BDD095ECC1E6FFE5AFC15" bold="true" box="[136,414,884,911]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="116">Gastrodia munasinghae</emphasis>
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Atthanagoda, C.Bandara & Kumar
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(
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,
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<figureCitation id="1323F8AC4A0BDD095A681E6FFBFEFC14" box="[1068,1082,884,910]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[136,235,1818,1842]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,189,1795]" captionTargetId="figure-22@4.[151,1435,189,1795]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Gastrodia munasinghae Atthanagoda, C.Bandara & Kumar sp. nov. A. A flowering plant. B. A plant with flower buds. C. Front view of flower. D. Side view of flower. E. Floral bract. F. Dorsal view of a flower. G. Ventral view of a flower. H. Lateral view of a flower. I. Ventral view of column and labellum. J. Lateral view of column and labellum. K. Dorsal view of labellum. L. Ventral view of labellum. M. Lateral view of labellum. N. Labellum. O. Inside of flattened perianth tube. P. Outside of flattened perianth tube. Q. Pollinia. R. & S. Operculum (Photographs by Anusha G. Atthanagoda)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10084587" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10084587/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="116">2</figureCitation>
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&
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)
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–Sri Pada trail,
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(
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!;
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|
||
<collectionCode id="ED097CEC4A0BDD095A451913FBFEFB87" box="[1025,1082,1032,1053]" country="Sri Lanka" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13944" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13944" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="1" pageNumber="116" type="Herbarium">PDA</collectionCode>
|
||
!)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C302B7A24A0BDD095ECC1957FC47FA68" pageId="1" pageNumber="116" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA7E4294A0BDD095ECC1957FC47FA68" blockId="1.[136,1452,1100,2063]" pageId="1" pageNumber="116">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C383B4A0BDD095ECC1957FEE5FBFC" bold="true" box="[136,289,1100,1126]" pageId="1" pageNumber="116">Diagnosis:—</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C189FAA4A0BDD095F651957FDF5FBFC" box="[289,561,1100,1126]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Gastrodia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="1" pageNumber="116" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="munasinghae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C383B4A0BDD095F651957FDF5FBFC" box="[289,561,1100,1126]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="116">Gastrodia munasinghae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is morphologically allied with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C189FAA4A0BDD095DE61957FA97FBFC" authority="Hsu & Kuo (2010: 244)" authorityName="Hsu & Kuo" authorityPageNumber="244" authorityYear="2010" box="[930,1363,1100,1127]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Gastrodia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="1" pageNumber="116" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="uraiensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C383B4A0BDD095DE61957FBEAFBFC" box="[930,1070,1100,1126]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="116">G. uraiensis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8999D84A0BDD095A7D1956FA97FBFC" author="Hsu, T. C. & Kuo, C. M." box="[1081,1363,1100,1127]" pageId="1" pageNumber="116" pagination="243 - 248" refId="ref7081" refString="Hsu, T. C. & Kuo, C. M. (2010) Supplements to the Orchid Flora of Taiwan (IV): Four additions to the genus Gastrodia. Taiwania 55 (3): 243 - 248. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.6165 / tai. 2010.55 (3). 243" type="journal article" year="2010">Hsu & Kuo (2010: 244)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C189FAA4A0BDD095BD41957FE6EFB10" authority="Lin (1987: 129)" authorityName="Lin" authorityPageNumber="129" authorityYear="1987" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Gastrodia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="1" pageNumber="116" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fontinalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C383B4A0BDD095BD41957FF36FB10" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="116">G. fontinalis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8999D84A0BDD095EBD196BFE6EFB10" author="Lin, T. P." box="[249,426,1136,1162]" pageId="1" pageNumber="116" refId="ref7772" refString="Lin, T. P. (1987) Native Orchids of Taiwan 3. Southern Materials Center, Taipei, Taiwan, 300 pp." type="book" year="1987">Lin (1987: 129)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in having similar rough-surfaced brown coloured perianth tube, petals attached at the tip of junction of lateral sepals, orange winged column, stigma placed towards the base of the column and two rounded callus at the base of the labellum, however, the new species differ in having taller plants in former,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE049CC4A0BDD095ACE19A3FB3DFB49" box="[1162,1273,1208,1235]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="116" unit="cm" value="14.0" valueMax="18.0" valueMin="10.0">10–18 cm</quantity>
|
||
tall (vs.
|
||
<quantity id="4CE049CC4A0BDD095B1D19A3FA6FFB49" box="[1369,1451,1208,1235]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="116" unit="cm" value="2.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="1.0">1–4 cm</quantity>
|
||
tall plants in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C189FAA4A0BDD095F5D19C7FE66FB6C" authorityName="Hsu & Kuo" authorityYear="2010" box="[281,418,1244,1270]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Gastrodia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="1" pageNumber="116" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="uraiensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C383B4A0BDD095F5D19C7FE66FB6C" box="[281,418,1244,1270]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="116">G. uraiensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<quantity id="4CE049CC4A0BDD095F9319C7FDFCFB6D" box="[471,568,1244,1271]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" metricValueMax="12.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="116" unit="cm" value="9.5" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="7.0">7–12 cm</quantity>
|
||
tall in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C189FAA4A0BDD095CC219C7FCD6FB6C" authorityName="Lin" authorityYear="1987" box="[646,786,1244,1270]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Gastrodia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="1" pageNumber="116" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fontinalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C383B4A0BDD095CC219C7FCD6FB6C" box="[646,786,1244,1270]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="116">G. fontinalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), inflorescence with 4–8 flowers (vs. 1–3(–5) flowers in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C189FAA4A0BDD095BD419C7FF2BFA80" authorityName="Hsu & Kuo" authorityYear="2010" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Gastrodia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="1" pageNumber="116" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="uraiensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C383B4A0BDD095BD419C7FF2BFA80" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="116">G. uraiensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and 1–3 flowered in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C189FAA4A0BDD095F98181BFDACFA80" authorityName="Lin" authorityYear="1987" box="[476,616,1280,1306]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Gastrodia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="1" pageNumber="116" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fontinalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C383B4A0BDD095F98181BFDACFA80" box="[476,616,1280,1306]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="116">G. fontinalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), labellum
|
||
<quantity id="4CE049CC4A0BDD095CAC181BFC9EFA81" box="[744,858,1280,1307]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.25" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="116" unit="mm" value="4.25" valueMax="4.5" valueMin="4.0">4–4.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long (vs.
|
||
<quantity id="4CE049CC4A0BDD095D8D181BFBE2FA81" box="[969,1062,1280,1307]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="116" unit="mm" value="6.5" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="6.0">6–7 mm</quantity>
|
||
long labellum in both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C189FAA4A0BDD095B67181BFA68FA80" authorityName="Hsu & Kuo" authorityYear="2010" box="[1315,1452,1280,1306]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Gastrodia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="1" pageNumber="116" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="uraiensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C383B4A0BDD095B67181BFA68FA80" box="[1315,1452,1280,1306]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="116">G. uraiensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C189FAA4A0BDD095EFD183FFE82FAA4" authorityName="Lin" authorityYear="1987" box="[185,326,1316,1342]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Gastrodia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="1" pageNumber="116" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fontinalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C383B4A0BDD095EFD183FFE82FAA4" box="[185,326,1316,1342]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="116">G. fontinalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and dull green-blue mesochile and bright orange color epichile in the labellum (vs. reddish brown coloration in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C189FAA4A0BDD095F581853FE60FAF8" authorityName="Hsu & Kuo" authorityYear="2010" box="[284,420,1352,1378]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Gastrodia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="1" pageNumber="116" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="uraiensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C383B4A0BDD095F581853FE60FAF8" box="[284,420,1352,1378]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="116">G. uraiensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C189FAA4A0BDD095F9C1853FD92FAF8" box="[472,598,1352,1378]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Gastrodia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="1" pageNumber="116" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fontialis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C383B4A0BDD095F9C1853FD92FAF8" box="[472,598,1352,1378]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="116">G. fontialis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C189FAA4A0BDD095C281853FCE6FAF8" box="[620,802,1352,1378]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Gastrodia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="1" pageNumber="116" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="munasinghae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C383B4A0BDD095C281853FCE6FAF8" box="[620,802,1352,1378]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="116">G. munasinghae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be also distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C189FAA4A0BDD095AC61853FF78FA1C" authority="Metusala (2017: 212)" authorityName="Metusala" authorityPageNumber="212" authorityYear="2017" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Gastrodia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="1" pageNumber="116" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bambu">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C383B4A0BDD095AC61853FB2BFAF8" box="[1154,1263,1352,1378]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="116">G. bambu</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8999D84A0BDD095AB11853FF78FA1C" author="Metusala, D. & Supriatna, J." pageId="1" pageNumber="116" pagination="211 - 218" refId="ref8056" refString="Metusala, D. & Supriatna, J. (2017) Gastrodia bambu (Orchidaceae: Epidendroideae), a new species from Java, Indonesia. Phytotaxa 317: 211 - 218. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / phytotaxa. 317.3.5" type="journal article" year="2017">Metusala (2017: 212)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in having
|
||
<quantity id="4CE049CC4A0BDD095F761877FE45FA1D" box="[306,385,1388,1415]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="1" pageNumber="116" unit="mm" value="12.0">12 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, up to
|
||
<quantity id="4CE049CC4A0BDD095C4C1877FD93FA1D" box="[520,599,1388,1415]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="116" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide, widely opening smaller flowers (not widely opening,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE049CC4A0BDD095ABE1877FAB7FA1D" box="[1274,1395,1388,1415]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.85" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.7" pageId="1" pageNumber="116" unit="mm" value="18.5" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="17.0">
|
||
17
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C383B4A0BDD095B521876FAE0FA1C" box="[1302,1316,1389,1414]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="116">–</emphasis>
|
||
20 mm
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
long and
|
||
<quantity id="4CE049CC4A0BDD095EFC188BFEF6FA31" box="[184,306,1424,1451]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="1.6" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="1" pageNumber="116" unit="mm" value="15.0" valueMax="16.0" valueMin="14.0">
|
||
14
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C383B4A0BDD095E90188AFF26FA30" box="[212,226,1425,1450]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="116">–</emphasis>
|
||
16 mm
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
wide larger flowers in latter), ovate-orbicular,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE049CC4A0BDD095D00188BFC73FA31" box="[836,951,1424,1451]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.25" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="116" unit="mm" value="4.25" valueMax="4.5" valueMin="4.0">4–4.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long and
|
||
<quantity id="4CE049CC4A0BDD095A6D188BFB5FFA31" box="[1065,1179,1424,1451]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1" metricValueMax="3.2" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="116" unit="mm" value="3.1" valueMax="3.2" valueMin="3.0">3–3.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide labellum (oblonglanceolate,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE049CC4A0BDD095F4D18AFFE47FA55" box="[265,387,1460,1487]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="116" unit="mm" value="11.0" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="10.0">
|
||
10
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C383B4A0BDD095F6118AEFEF7FA54" box="[293,307,1461,1486]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="116">–</emphasis>
|
||
12 mm
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
long ×
|
||
<quantity id="4CE049CC4A0BDD095F9918AFFD95FA55" box="[477,593,1460,1487]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.75" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="116" unit="mm" value="3.75" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="3.5">
|
||
3.5
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C383B4A0BDD095C4418AEFDCAFA54" box="[512,526,1461,1486]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="116">–</emphasis>
|
||
4 mm
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
wide labellum in latter) and erect,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE049CC4A0BDD095DA518AFFB90FA55" box="[993,1108,1460,1487]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.25" metricValueMax="5.5" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="116" unit="mm" value="5.25" valueMax="5.5" valueMin="5.0">5–5.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE049CC4A0BDD095AD918AFFAD5FA55" box="[1181,1297,1460,1487]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.8" pageId="1" pageNumber="116" unit="mm" value="2.9" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.8">2.8–3 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide column (slightly arcuate,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE049CC4A0BDD095F0F18C3FE00FA69" box="[331,452,1496,1523]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="116" unit="mm" value="11.0" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="10.0">
|
||
10
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C383B4A0BDD095F2318C2FEB1FA68" box="[359,373,1497,1522]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="116">–</emphasis>
|
||
12 mm
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE049CC4A0BDD095C4F18C3FDB9FA69" box="[523,637,1496,1523]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="116" unit="mm" value="2.25" valueMax="2.5" valueMin="2.0">
|
||
2
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C383B4A0BDD095C5D18C2FDE3FA68" box="[537,551,1497,1522]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="116">–</emphasis>
|
||
2.5 mm
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
wide column in latter).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C302B7A24A0BDD0A5EF918E7FD77FE2F" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="117" pageId="1" pageNumber="116" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA7E4294A0BDD0A5EF918E7FD77FE2F" blockId="1.[136,1452,1100,2063]" lastBlockId="2.[136,1452,158,1840]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="117" pageId="1" pageNumber="116">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C383B4A0BDD095EF918E7FEF9F98C" bold="true" box="[189,317,1532,1558]" pageId="1" pageNumber="116">Terrestrial</emphasis>
|
||
holomycoheterotrophic herbs,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE049CC4A0BDD095CE318E7FCDEF98D" box="[679,794,1532,1559]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="116" unit="cm" value="14.0" valueMax="18.0" valueMin="10.0">10–18 cm</quantity>
|
||
tall.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C383B4A0BDD095D1E18E7FC00F98C" bold="true" box="[858,964,1532,1558]" pageId="1" pageNumber="116">Rhizome</emphasis>
|
||
tuberous, fusiform or cylindrical, 7–13 ×
|
||
<quantity id="4CE049CC4A0BDD095ECC1B3BFEC3F9A1" box="[136,263,1568,1595]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.3" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="1" pageNumber="116" unit="cm" value="1.75" valueMax="2.3" valueMin="1.2">1.2–2.3 cm</quantity>
|
||
, plagiotropic, hairy, membranous triangular scales emerging from the nodes.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C383B4A0BDD095A241B3BFB7BF9A0" bold="true" box="[1120,1215,1568,1594]" pageId="1" pageNumber="116">Raceme</emphasis>
|
||
erect, peduncle
|
||
<quantity id="4CE049CC4A0BDD095B371B3BFF6EF9C5" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" metricValueMax="1.3" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="1" pageNumber="116" unit="cm" value="10.5" valueMax="13.0" valueMin="8.0">8–13 cm</quantity>
|
||
long, glabrous, pale brown in color, with 3–5 membranous semi-transparent sheaths; sheaths tubular,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE049CC4A0BDD095B7C1B5FFA68F9C5" box="[1336,1452,1604,1631]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.75" metricValueMax="5.5" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="116" unit="mm" value="4.75" valueMax="5.5" valueMin="4.0">4–5.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C383B4A0BDD095E8E1B73FEACF918" bold="true" box="[202,360,1640,1666]" pageId="1" pageNumber="116">Inflorescence</emphasis>
|
||
erect with 4–8 flowers, rachis
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C383B4A0BDD095C941B72FD2EF918" box="[720,746,1641,1666]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="116">ca</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<quantity id="4CE049CC4A0BDD095CBF1B73FC95F919" box="[763,849,1640,1667]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="116" unit="cm" value="5.0" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="4.0">4–6 cm</quantity>
|
||
long.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C383B4A0BDD095DD81B73FBFEF918" bold="true" box="[924,1082,1640,1666]" pageId="1" pageNumber="116">Floral bracts</emphasis>
|
||
triangular,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE049CC4A0BDD095AFB1B73FAE4F919" box="[1215,1312,1640,1667]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="116" unit="mm" value="5.5" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="5.0">5–6 mm</quantity>
|
||
, acute, dark greyish brown to dark brown in color, membranous, margin slightly lacerate, base surrounding the pedicel.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C383B4A0BDD095B121B97FA68F93C" bold="true" box="[1366,1452,1676,1702]" pageId="1" pageNumber="116">Pedicel</emphasis>
|
||
orange-brown,
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C383B4A0BDD095F711BAAFE93F950" box="[309,343,1713,1738]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="116">ca.</emphasis>
|
||
<quantity id="4CE049CC4A0BDD095F1B1BABFE0FF951" box="[351,459,1712,1739]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" metricValueMax="11.0" metricValueMin="8.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="116" unit="mm" value="9.5" valueMax="11.0" valueMin="8.0">8–11 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, 2.5–3.2 wide.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C383B4A0BDD095CFC1BABFCD3F950" bold="true" box="[696,791,1712,1738]" pageId="1" pageNumber="116">Flowers</emphasis>
|
||
resupinate, sepals and petals fused to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C189FAA4A0BDD095A941BABFAAFF950" box="[1232,1387,1712,1738]" form="perianth" pageId="1" pageNumber="116" rank="form">form perianth</taxonomicName>
|
||
tube, widely opening; apical part free, forming a five-lobed front; ridges 4;
|
||
<quantity id="4CE049CC4A0BDD095DE61BCFFC36F975" box="[930,1010,1748,1775]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="1" pageNumber="116" unit="mm" value="12.0">12 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, up to
|
||
<quantity id="4CE049CC4A0BDD095A381BCFFB08F975" box="[1148,1228,1748,1775]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="116" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide, outer surface greyish brown, verrucose, inner surface dark brown in color with dull orange-brown under lateral sepals and greyish under dorsal sepal and petals; lobe of dorsal sepal triangularly ovate, 6 ×
|
||
<quantity id="4CE049CC4A0BDD095D981A07FBF2F8AD" box="[988,1078,1820,1847]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="116" unit="mm" value="4.5">4.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
, obtuse, slightly convex, brown, margins entire; lobes of lateral sepals triangularly ovate, 4.5 ×
|
||
<quantity id="4CE049CC4A0BDD095D051A5BFC47F8C1" box="[833,899,1856,1883]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="116" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
|
||
, brown, margins entire; petal lobes ovate-elliptic, smaller than sepal lobes, 3.5 ×
|
||
<quantity id="4CE049CC4A0BDD095F9F1A7FFDD9F8E5" box="[475,541,1892,1919]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="116" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
|
||
, pale brown; labellum adnate to the foot of column, ovate-orbicular, 4–4.5 ×
|
||
<quantity id="4CE049CC4A0BDD095B281A7FFF72F839" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1" metricValueMax="3.2" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="116" unit="mm" value="3.1" valueMax="3.2" valueMin="3.0">3–3.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
, hypochile short, ca.
|
||
<quantity id="4CE049CC4A0BDD095FE11A93FE22F839" box="[421,486,1928,1955]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="116" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, broader at the base and narrowing towards the epichile, inflated, with 2 globose calli at the base, callus
|
||
<quantity id="4CE049CC4A0BDD095FD51AB7FDDDF85D" box="[401,537,1964,1991]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="116" unit="mm" value="0.65" valueMax="0.8" valueMin="0.5">0.5–0.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter, pale orange-yellow colored with dark brown shiny surface; epichile ovate,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE049CC4A0BDD095E901ACBFE98F871" box="[212,348,2000,2027]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.65" metricValueMax="3.8" metricValueMin="3.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="116" unit="mm" value="3.65" valueMax="3.8" valueMin="3.5">3.5–3.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE049CC4A0BDD095FE01ACBFDE8F871" box="[420,556,2000,2027]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" metricValueMax="3.3" metricValueMin="3.1" pageId="1" pageNumber="116" unit="mm" value="3.2" valueMax="3.3" valueMin="3.1">3.1–3.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide, obtuse, bright orange at the apex, pale yellowish green along the middle and pale brownish-orange at the base, slightly tapering toward apex with a pair of lamellae or short ridge on the upper surface, longitudinally channeled underneath of the lip from base to the tip.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C383B4A08DD0A5D8A1D85FBEAFF22" bold="true" box="[974,1070,158,184]" pageId="2" pageNumber="117">Column</emphasis>
|
||
erect, 5–5.5 ×
|
||
<quantity id="4CE049CC4A08DD0A5A961D85FA81FF23" box="[1234,1349,158,185]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.8" pageId="2" pageNumber="117" unit="mm" value="2.9" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.8">2.8–3 mm</quantity>
|
||
, whitishcream with grey-brown colored at base, slightly extended into a short foot, ca.
|
||
<quantity id="4CE049CC4A08DD0A5DBA1DD9FB91FF47" box="[1022,1109,194,221]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="117" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE049CC4A08DD0A5AD81DD9FACAFF47" box="[1180,1294,194,221]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="117" unit="mm" value="2.25" valueMax="2.5" valueMin="2.0">2–2.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide; stelidia falcate, 2.5–3 ×
|
||
<quantity id="4CE049CC4A08DD0A5F061DFDFE08FE9B" box="[322,460,230,257]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="117" unit="mm" value="0.55" valueMax="0.6" valueMin="0.5">0.5–0.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
, apex acute, extended slightly beyond the anther cap, red-orange; rostellum prominent; stigma located towards the lower half of the column on a raised but slightly inclined and convex platform.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C383B4A08DD0A5B621C11FA6FFEBE" bold="true" box="[1318,1451,266,292]" pageId="2" pageNumber="117">Anther cap</emphasis>
|
||
cucullate, ca.
|
||
<quantity id="4CE049CC4A08DD0A5F671C35FEBDFED3" box="[291,377,302,329]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="117" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C383B4A08DD0A5C4F1C35FDA3FED2" bold="true" box="[523,615,302,328]" pageId="2" pageNumber="117">Pollinia</emphasis>
|
||
2, clavate, ca.
|
||
<quantity id="4CE049CC4A08DD0A5D4B1C35FCA2FED3" box="[783,870,302,329]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="2" pageNumber="117" unit="mm" value="1.2">1.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
long. Ovary obconical,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE049CC4A08DD0A5A311C35FB23FED3" box="[1141,1255,302,329]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.75" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="117" unit="mm" value="3.75" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="3.5">3.5–4 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, ca.
|
||
<quantity id="4CE049CC4A08DD0A5B111C35FA68FED3" box="[1365,1452,302,329]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="117" unit="mm" value="2.5">2.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide, dark brown, verrucose, ribbed.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C383B4A08DD0A5C6F1C49FD4FFEF6" bold="true" box="[555,651,338,364]" pageId="2" pageNumber="117">Capsule</emphasis>
|
||
erect, fusiform, verruculose, ca.
|
||
<quantity id="4CE049CC4A08DD0A5DB81C49FBBDFEF7" box="[1020,1145,338,365]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="2.7" metricValueMin="2.3" pageId="2" pageNumber="117" unit="cm" value="2.5" valueMax="2.7" valueMin="2.3">2.3–2.7 cm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE049CC4A08DD0A5AFB1C49FAF5FEF7" box="[1215,1329,338,365]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.75" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="117" unit="mm" value="4.75" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="4.5">4.5–5 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide, on a longer stalk of variable length,>
|
||
<quantity id="4CE049CC4A08DD0A5C441C6DFDFCFE0B" box="[512,568,374,401]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="117" unit="cm" value="2.0">2 cm</quantity>
|
||
long, pale orang-brown with darker stripes, borne on an elongated pedicel, up to
|
||
<quantity id="4CE049CC4A08DD0A5EE11C81FED0FE2F" box="[165,276,410,437]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.2" metricValueMin="1.8" pageId="2" pageNumber="117" unit="cm" value="25.0" valueMax="32.0" valueMin="18.0">18–32 cm</quantity>
|
||
long, pale brown, slender and terete.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C302B7A24A08DD0A5EF91CA5FCBEFDBA" pageId="2" pageNumber="117" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA7E4294A08DD0A5EF91CA5FCBEFDBA" blockId="2.[136,1452,158,1840]" pageId="2" pageNumber="117">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C383B4A08DD0A5EF91CA5FE9BFE42" bold="true" box="[189,351,446,472]" pageId="2" pageNumber="117">Phenology:—</emphasis>
|
||
Flowering and fruiting individuals were observed from early January to April in different subpopulations. The subpopulations in Samanala Nature Reserve begin flowering from January to April and the population in lowland wet zone flowering only in March and April.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C302B7A24A08DD0A5EF91F31FD0BFDF3" pageId="2" pageNumber="117" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA7E4294A08DD0A5EF91F31FD0BFDF3" blockId="2.[136,1452,158,1840]" pageId="2" pageNumber="117">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C383B4A08DD0A5EF91F31FEA0FDDE" bold="true" box="[189,356,554,580]" pageId="2" pageNumber="117">Etymology:—</emphasis>
|
||
The specific epithet honors Mrs. Liliyan Chandralatha Munasinghe, the second author’s mother for her unconditional love, support and encouragement.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C302B7A24A08DD0A5EF91F69FE7CFD62" pageId="2" pageNumber="117" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA7E4294A08DD0A5EF91F69FE7CFD62" blockId="2.[136,1452,158,1840]" pageId="2" pageNumber="117">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C383B4A08DD0A5EF91F69FEB1FD16" bold="true" box="[189,373,626,652]" pageId="2" pageNumber="117">Distribution:—</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C189FAA4A08DD0A5F311F69FD42FD16" box="[373,646,626,652]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Gastrodia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="117" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="munasinghae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C383B4A08DD0A5F311F69FD42FD16" box="[373,646,626,652]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="117">Gastrodia munasinghae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is endemic to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30FA4B94A08DD0A5D781F69FC6AFD16" box="[828,942,626,652]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="2" pageNumber="117">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
|
||
and thus far known from the sub-montane forests in Maliboda–Sri Pada trail and Kuruwita–Eratne–Sri Pada trail in Samanala Nature Reserve, Central Highlands of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30FA4B94A08DD0A5EE31FA1FED1FD4E" box="[167,277,698,724]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="2" pageNumber="117">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
|
||
and fragmented forest patch of the lowland rain forests bordering to a tea plantation near Pothupitiya in Ratnapura District (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1323F8AC4A08DD0A5F211FC5FE6EFD62" box="[357,426,734,760]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="10.[136,235,1951,1975]" captionTargetBox="[212,1374,206,1927]" captionTargetId="figure-22@10.[196,1390,189,1927]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 7. The distribution map of all Gastrodia species in Sri Lanka." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10084599" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10084599/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="117">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C302B7A24A08DD0A5EF91E19FD0DFC4A" pageId="2" pageNumber="117" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA7E4294A08DD0A5EF91E19FD0DFC4A" blockId="2.[136,1452,158,1840]" pageId="2" pageNumber="117">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C383B4A08DD0A5EF91E19FE13FC86" bold="true" box="[189,471,770,796]" pageId="2" pageNumber="117">Habitat and ecology:—</emphasis>
|
||
This species grows under the shade of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C189FAA4A08DD0A5DDD1E19FB57FC86" box="[921,1171,770,796]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Strobilanthes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="117" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lupulina">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C383B4A08DD0A5DDD1E19FB57FC86" box="[921,1171,770,796]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="117">Strobilanthes lupulina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C189FAA4A08DD0A5AE01E19FA68FC86" box="[1188,1452,770,796]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Strobilanthes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="117" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="zeylanica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C383B4A08DD0A5AE01E19FA68FC86" box="[1188,1452,770,796]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="117">Strobilanthes zeylanica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C189FAA4A08DD0A5ED41E3DFEE7FCDA" box="[144,291,806,832]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="117" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Acanthaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C189FAA4A08DD0A5F231E3DFD86FCDA" box="[359,578,806,832]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Ochlandra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="2" pageNumber="117" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="stridula">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C383B4A08DD0A5F231E3DFD86FCDA" box="[359,578,806,832]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="117">Ochlandra stridula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C189FAA4A08DD0A5C101E3DFD77FCDA" authorityName="Barnhart" authorityYear="1895" baseAuthorityName="R.Br." box="[596,691,806,832]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="2" pageNumber="117" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Poaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) species in the lowland forests between 400 and
|
||
<quantity id="4CE049CC4A08DD0A5AB31E3DFA85FCDB" box="[1271,1345,806,833]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.15" pageId="2" pageNumber="117" unit="m" value="715.0">715 m</quantity>
|
||
a.s.l and between 600 and
|
||
<quantity id="4CE049CC4A08DD0A5F161E51FE6DFCFF" box="[338,425,842,869]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="117" unit="m" value="1000.0">1000 m</quantity>
|
||
a.s.l in foothills of the Adam’s Peak on humus-rich decaying leaf litter. The rhizomes are buried up to
|
||
<quantity id="4CE049CC4A08DD0A5F671E75FE65FC12" box="[291,417,878,904]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.62" metricValueMax="10.16" metricValueMin="5.08" pageId="2" pageNumber="117" unit="in" value="3.0" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="2.0">2–4 inches</quantity>
|
||
deep in the ground. Other notable
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C189FAA4A08DD0A5D001E75FC14FC12" box="[836,976,878,904]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="117" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Orchidaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
members sharing the same habitat were
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C189FAA4A08DD0A5ECC1E89FE47FC36" box="[136,387,914,940]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Sirhookera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="117" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lanceolata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C383B4A08DD0A5ECC1E89FE47FC36" box="[136,387,914,940]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="117">Sirhookera lanceolata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C189FAA4A08DD0A5FD01E88FDF4FC36" box="[404,560,915,940]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Zeuxine" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="117" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="regia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C383B4A08DD0A5FD01E88FDF4FC36" box="[404,560,915,940]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="117">Zeuxine regia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C189FAA4A08DD0A5C041E89FCCDFC37" box="[576,777,914,941]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Anoectochilus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="117" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C383B4A08DD0A5C041E89FD1BFC36" box="[576,735,914,940]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="117">Anoectochilus</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C189FAA4A08DD0A5D5C1E89FC38FC36" box="[792,1020,914,940]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Habenaria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="117" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="crinifera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C383B4A08DD0A5D5C1E89FC38FC36" box="[792,1020,914,940]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="117">Habenaria crinifera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C189FAA4A08DD0A5A7A1E89FB16FC37" box="[1086,1234,914,941]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Oberonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="117" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C383B4A08DD0A5A7A1E89FB6CFC36" box="[1086,1192,914,940]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="117">Oberonia</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
at Pothupitiya and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C189FAA4A08DD0A5ECC1EACFEB5FC4A" box="[136,369,950,976]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Zeuxine" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="117" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="reginasilvae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C383B4A08DD0A5ECC1EACFEB5FC4A" box="[136,369,950,976]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="117">Zeuxine reginasilvae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Maliboda–Sri Pada trail.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C302B7A24A08DD0A5EF91EC1FAF5FB6A" pageId="2" pageNumber="117" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA7E4294A08DD0A5EF91EC1FAF5FB6A" blockId="2.[136,1452,158,1840]" pageId="2" pageNumber="117">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C383B4A08DD0A5EF91EC1FE6BFC6E" bold="true" box="[189,431,986,1012]" pageId="2" pageNumber="117">Taxonomic notes:—</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C189FAA4A08DD0A5FEB1EC1FD7BFC6E" box="[431,703,986,1012]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Gastrodia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="117" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="munasinghae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C383B4A08DD0A5FEB1EC1FD7BFC6E" box="[431,703,986,1012]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="117">Gastrodia munasinghae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
morphologically close resembles
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C189FAA4A08DD0A5A0F1EC0FB1CFC6E" authorityName="Hsu & Kuo" authorityYear="2010" box="[1099,1240,987,1013]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Gastrodia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="117" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="uraiensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C383B4A08DD0A5A0F1EC0FB1CFC6E" box="[1099,1240,987,1013]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="117">G. uraiensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C189FAA4A08DD0A5AAD1EC0FABDFC6E" authorityName="Lin" authorityYear="1987" box="[1257,1401,986,1013]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Gastrodia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="117" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fontinalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C383B4A08DD0A5AAD1EC0FABDFC6E" box="[1257,1401,986,1013]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="117">G. fontinalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C189FAA4A08DD0A5ECC1EE4FF33FB82" authorityName="Metusala" authorityYear="2017" box="[136,247,1022,1049]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Gastrodia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="117" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bambu">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C383B4A08DD0A5ECC1EE4FF33FB82" box="[136,247,1022,1049]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="117">G. bambu</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but, is readily distinguished in having
|
||
<quantity id="4CE049CC4A08DD0A5CF71EE5FCE7FB83" box="[691,803,1022,1049]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="117" unit="cm" value="14.0" valueMax="18.0" valueMin="10.0">10–18 cm</quantity>
|
||
tall plant habit; 4–8 flowered inflorescence;
|
||
<quantity id="4CE049CC4A08DD0A5B661EE5FAB6FB83" box="[1314,1394,1022,1049]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="2" pageNumber="117" unit="mm" value="12.0">12 mm</quantity>
|
||
long and
|
||
<quantity id="4CE049CC4A08DD0A5EF31939FEC2FBA7" box="[183,262,1058,1085]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="117" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide flowers; ovate-orbicular,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE049CC4A08DD0A5C271939FD11FBA7" box="[611,725,1058,1085]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.25" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="117" unit="mm" value="4.25" valueMax="4.5" valueMin="4.0">4–4.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long and
|
||
<quantity id="4CE049CC4A08DD0A5D071939FC71FBA7" box="[835,949,1058,1085]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1" metricValueMax="3.2" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="117" unit="mm" value="3.1" valueMax="3.2" valueMin="3.0">3–3.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide, dull green-blue colored mesochile and bright orange colored epichile in the labellum and erect,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE049CC4A08DD0A5D47195DFCB1FBFB" box="[771,885,1094,1121]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.25" metricValueMax="5.5" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="117" unit="mm" value="5.25" valueMax="5.5" valueMin="5.0">5–5.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE049CC4A08DD0A5DF8195DFBEAFBFB" box="[956,1070,1094,1121]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.8" pageId="2" pageNumber="117" unit="mm" value="2.9" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.8">2.8–3 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide column. The brown-colored
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C189FAA4A08DD0A5ECC1971FE94FB1E" box="[136,336,1130,1156]" pageId="2" pageNumber="117">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C383B4A08DD0A5ECC1971FF3DFB1E" box="[136,249,1130,1156]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="117">Gastrodia</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are morphologically similar to each other on their external appearances but, all species have unique morphological characters and distribution ranges.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8999D84A08DD0A5C811995FC3AFB32" author="Clements, M. A. & Jones, D. L." box="[709,1022,1166,1193]" pageId="2" pageNumber="117" pagination="37 - 44" refId="ref6797" refString="Clements, M. A. & Jones, D. L. (2019) Notes on Australian Orchids 3: Nomenclatural Adjustments in the Tribe Gastrodieae (Orchidaceae); New Combinations in Demorchis and Neoclemensia and the erection of the new genus Leptogastrodia. The Australian Orchid Review 84 (1): 37 - 44." type="journal article" year="2019">Clements and Jones (2019)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, combined this group of brown color
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C189FAA4A08DD0A5ECC19A9FE90FB56" box="[136,340,1202,1228]" pageId="2" pageNumber="117">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C383B4A08DD0A5ECC19A9FF3DFB56" box="[136,249,1202,1228]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="117">Gastrodia</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C383B4A08DD0A5F1B19A9FEBBFB56" box="[351,383,1202,1228]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="117">s.l.</emphasis>
|
||
to the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C189FAA4A08DD0A5C6719A9FBF9FB57" authority="M. A. Clem. & D. L. Jones. However" authorityName="M. A. Clem. & D. L. Jones. However" box="[547,1085,1202,1229]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Demorchis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="117" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C383B4A08DD0A5C6719A9FD59FB56" box="[547,669,1202,1228]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="117">Demorchis</emphasis>
|
||
M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones. However
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, this genus is not accepted and synonymized under the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C189FAA4A08DD0A5F9919CDFD8AFB6A" authorityName="Brown" authorityYear="1810" box="[477,590,1238,1264]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Gastrodia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="117" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C383B4A08DD0A5F9919CDFD8AFB6A" box="[477,590,1238,1264]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="117">Gastrodia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8999D84A08DD0A5C1819CDFCAFFB6A" author="Jones, C. L. & Clements, M. A." box="[604,875,1238,1264]" pageId="2" pageNumber="117" pagination="i - xvi" refId="ref7339" refString="Jones, C. L. & Clements, M. A. (2004) Miscellaneous New Species, New Genera, Reinstated Genera and New Combinations in Australian Orchidaceae. The Orchadian 14 (8, Scientific Supplement): i - xvi." type="book chapter" year="2004">Jones & Clements 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8999D84A08DD0A5D3219CDFB40FB6A" author="Clements, M. A. & Jones, D. L." box="[886,1156,1238,1265]" pageId="2" pageNumber="117" pagination="37 - 44" refId="ref6797" refString="Clements, M. A. & Jones, D. L. (2019) Notes on Australian Orchids 3: Nomenclatural Adjustments in the Tribe Gastrodieae (Orchidaceae); New Combinations in Demorchis and Neoclemensia and the erection of the new genus Leptogastrodia. The Australian Orchid Review 84 (1): 37 - 44." type="journal article" year="2019">Clements & Jones 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8999D84A08DD0A5ACB19CDFAE2FB6A" author="POWO" box="[1167,1318,1238,1264]" pageId="2" pageNumber="117" refId="ref8197" refString="POWO (2023) Plants of the World Online. Facilitated by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet: http: // www. plantsoftheworldonline. org / (Retrieved 22 September 2023)" type="url" year="2023">POWO 2023</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C302B7A24A08DD0A5EF919E1FE2FF8AA" pageId="2" pageNumber="117" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA7E4294A08DD0A5EF919E1FE2FF8AA" blockId="2.[136,1452,158,1840]" pageId="2" pageNumber="117">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C383B4A08DD0A5EF919E1FE16FA8E" bold="true" box="[189,466,1274,1300]" pageId="2" pageNumber="117">Conservation status:—</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C189FAA4A08DD0A5F9719E1FD26FA8E" box="[467,738,1274,1300]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Gastrodia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="117" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="munasinghae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C383B4A08DD0A5F9719E1FD26FA8E" box="[467,738,1274,1300]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="117">Gastrodia munasinghae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
grows in sub-montane and lowland forests in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49DC2ACB4A08DD0A5B4419E1FF28FAA2" country="Sri Lanka" name="Sabaragamuwa" pageId="2" pageNumber="117">Sabaragamuwa Province</collectingRegion>
|
||
with a small population size of 8 mature individuals found during the first visit in Eratne–Sri Pada trail in Samanala Nature Reserve far back in 2005. Unfortunately, this species was never seen again at this locality after repeated visits until 2022. Later, another subpopulation was discovered in
|
||
<quantity id="4CE049CC4A08DD0A5D2E187DFC04FA1A" box="[874,960,1382,1408]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.11048" pageId="2" pageNumber="117" unit="in" value="2012.0">2012 in</quantity>
|
||
Maliboda–Sri Pada trail and the number of mature individuals varied in 2012, 2016, 2020 and 2022 with 6, 3, 8 and 4 respectively (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1323F8AC4A08DD0A5AC31891FB0AFA3E" box="[1159,1230,1418,1444]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="11.[136,235,1438,1462]" captionTargetBox="[155,1431,933,1410]" captionTargetId="figure-362@11.[151,1435,928,1415]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 8. Individual count of Gastrodia munasinghae and G. thilakapremae in their respective habitat since 2005." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10084601" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10084601/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="117">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
). Recently, another subpopulation has been discovered in 2022 at a fragmented forest patch adjacent to a tea plantation along Panapola– Pothupitiya road, containing 11 flowering individuals. At the first two sites, the habitat is heavily disturbed due to the frequent clearance of the existing pilgrim trails of the Sri Pada (Adam’s Peak) and pollution. The other subpopulation in Pothupitiya is also facing the risk of extinction due to anthropogenic disturbances and land use changes. Area of Occupancy (AOO) and the Extent of Occurrence (EOO) was estimated using GeoCAT (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8999D84A08DD0A5A351B25FAA4F9C2" author="Bachman, S. & Moat, J. & Hill, A. W. & de la Torre, J. & Scott, B." box="[1137,1376,1598,1625]" pageId="2" pageNumber="117" pagination="117 - 126" refId="ref6376" refString="Bachman, S., Moat, J., Hill, A. W., de la Torre, J. & Scott, B. (2011) Supporting Red List threat assessments with GeoCAT: Geospatial conservation assessment tool. In: Smith, V. & Penev, L. (Eds.) e-Infastructure for data publishing in biodiversity science. ZooKeys 150: 117 - 126. [Version BETA]" type="journal article" year="2011">
|
||
Bachman
|
||
<emphasis id="B96C383B4A08DD0A5AA11B24FADCF9C2" box="[1253,1304,1598,1624]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="117">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2011
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) as
|
||
<quantity id="4CE049CC4A08DD0A5BCB1B25FF68F9E6" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="2" pageNumber="117" unit="km" value="12.0">12 km</quantity>
|
||
<superScript id="7C6D49614A08DD0A5EE81B79FF70F9EA" attach="left" box="[172,180,1634,1648]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="117">2</superScript>
|
||
and ~
|
||
<quantity id="4CE049CC4A08DD0A5EB31B79FE84F9E6" box="[247,320,1634,1660]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" pageId="2" pageNumber="117" unit="km" value="32.0">32 km</quantity>
|
||
<superScript id="7C6D49614A08DD0A5F041B79FE8CF9EA" attach="left" box="[320,328,1634,1648]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="117">2</superScript>
|
||
respectively. These mycoheterotrophic species are extremely habitat specific and are susceptible to even minor disturbance. Hence, based on the available data, three sites are considered as three locations. As such the total number of mature individuals encountered so far is 27, however, as these mycoheterotrophic species sometimes remain dormant with underground tubers, hence we optimistically estimate total number of mature individuals to be less than 50. Accordingly, the species is assessed as Critically Endangered (CR D), based on current data and following IUCN guidelines (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8999D84A08DD0A5F111A0DFE1BF8AA" author="IUCN Standards & Petitions Committee" box="[341,479,1814,1840]" pageId="2" pageNumber="117" refId="ref7385" refString="IUCN Standards and Petitions Committee (2022) Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 15.1. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Committee. Downloadable from: https: // www. iucnredlist. org / documents / RedListGuidelines. pdf (accessed 24 November 2022)." type="book" year="2022">IUCN 2022</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |