253 lines
28 KiB
XML
253 lines
28 KiB
XML
<document id="4071B9E30DC2D5F60E172423D533927A" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.10396362" ID-ISSN="1942-1354" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1707168658757" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Zhang, Jing, Cong, Qian & Grishin, Nick V." docDate="2023" docId="03810139FFC5BB4BC0CAF98DE1E7B6BD" docLanguage="en" docName="InsectaMundi.2023.1026.1-115.pdf" docOrigin="Insecta Mundi 2023 (26)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10396362" docStyle="DocumentStyle:F9976E9B7F8A094D890004515A7A0592.3:InsectaMundi.2020-.journal_article" docStyleId="F9976E9B7F8A094D890004515A7A0592" docStyleName="InsectaMundi.2020-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Achlyodes calvus Zhang & Cong & Grishin 2023, new species" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" lastPageNumber="26" masterDocId="FFB87941FFDFBB50C00AFF56E355B262" masterDocTitle="Supplementary Materials and Appendix" masterLastPageNumber="115" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="25" updateTime="1707169288913" updateUser="GgImagineBatch" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-3.0">
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<mods:titleInfo id="C46BD4B9475894D7E3AE2276DC00DDD5">
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<mods:title id="50C0A117643D4FCFFA2A8F4BAE8C96C7">Supplementary Materials and Appendix</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="7C776905B083CAB2979C4BCA1F4A45D2" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="9509F0FDC86E56F8278BB7D3F98F9352">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="861FECDA535595331CEC6F4715C95085">Zhang, Jing</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="75F23D7A6EE7E10BBC5B7A19994EF032">McDermott Center for Human Growth and Development and Department of Biophysics University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX, 75390 - 8816 USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm id="F71939C5D919ECC4A4DA93A14790518C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="DFB7D7D9537B89851CCB12C2D2B1B426">Cong, Qian</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="AE6E398817AA2DE0DC2E7EF077FDE0B9">McDermott Center for Human Growth and Development and Department of Biophysics University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX, 75390 - 8816 USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="F34D062D5C9EC846B2F2DAF559B45F8F">Grishin, Nick V.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="73C3E7BE2F376B1B7F489FCA55660277">Departments of Biophysics and Biochemistry University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX, 75390 - 9050 USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="38E3F1CD27A0FA82D4F7180C24453786">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="6635BF73A3E7FED957C9BCDFF510CE5E">Insecta Mundi</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="F366A9E11A2777F1894982E5E649D3B8">
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<mods:date id="4CEC229E74082E0BF0FA97850DF1AF1F">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="9B0D474CA67508F407011AE722BD14F5">2023-12-29</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="2E73ACDEE63164D6B52B9B9E01C79D4B">2023</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="8D3B6A0685346EA3E1FB263A76C6DB49">26</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="584260F40F528C2062C5C6BDBFE0DF41">http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10396362</mods:url>
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<mods:identifier id="D4690D65335A3FBF53A4A0CF46E921E3" type="ISSN">1942-1354</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03810139FFC5BB4BC0CAF98DE1E7B6BD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03810139FFC5BB4BC0CAF98DE1E7B6BD" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03810139FFC5BB4BC0CAF98DE1E7B6BD" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="26" pageNumber="25">
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<subSubSection id="C332E3A4FFC5BB4AC0CAF98DE0F7B578" pageId="26" pageNumber="25" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B97B02FFFC5BB4AC0CAF98DE1CAB49A" blockId="26.[192,930,1755,1852]" box="[192,671,1755,1784]" pageId="26" pageNumber="25">
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<heading id="D0DF0743FFC5BB4AC0CAF98DE1CAB49A" box="[192,671,1755,1784]" fontSize="12" level="2" pageId="26" pageNumber="25" reason="2">
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<emphasis id="B95C6C3DFFC5BB4AC0CAF98DE1CAB49A" bold="true" box="[192,671,1755,1784]" pageId="26" pageNumber="25">
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<taxonomicName id="4C28CBACFFC5BB4AC0CAF98DE2AAB49A" authority="Grishin" authorityName="Zhang & Cong & Grishin" authorityYear="2023" box="[192,511,1755,1784]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Achlyodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="calvus" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B95C6C3DFFC5BB4AC0CAF98DE2C6B49A" bold="true" box="[192,403,1755,1784]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="25">Achlyodes calvus</emphasis>
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Grishin
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26FD146FFC5BB4AC200F98AE1CAB49A" box="[522,671,1755,1784]" pageId="26" pageNumber="25" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B97B02FFFC5BB4AC0CAF9A9E0F7B578" blockId="26.[192,930,1755,1852]" box="[192,930,1791,1818]" pageId="26" pageNumber="25">
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https://zoobank.org/
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<uuid id="FF8E8AFAFFC5BB4AC195F9A9E0F7B578" box="[415,930,1791,1818]" pageId="26" pageNumber="25">D5824D70-DF3A-42A2-9730-6B719506E741</uuid>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C332E3A4FFC5BB4AC0CAF877E157B559" box="[192,514,1825,1852]" pageId="26" pageNumber="25" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B97B02FFFC5BB4AC0CAF877E157B559" blockId="26.[192,930,1755,1852]" box="[192,514,1825,1852]" pageId="26" pageNumber="25">
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(
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<figureCitation id="1313ACAAFFC5BB4AC0C2F877E252B559" box="[200,263,1825,1851]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="20.[192,261,1419,1443]" captionTargetBox="[193,1440,268,1379]" captionTargetId="figure-157@20.[192,1440,266,1382]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 2. Phylogenetic trees of Achlyodini inferred from protein-coding regions in a) the Z chromosome and b) the mitochondrial genome (in segments). See Fig. 1 legend for other notations." pageId="26" pageNumber="25">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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part, 55–56, 266–267)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C332E3A4FFC5BB4BC0CAF81CE7D8B133" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="26" pageNumber="25" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8B97B02FFFC5BB4BC0CAF81CE29DB011" blockId="26.[192,1440,1866,1927]" lastBlockId="27.[192,1442,230,628]" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="26" pageNumber="25">
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<emphasis id="B95C6C3DFFC5BB4AC0CAF81CE2BEB506" bold="true" box="[192,491,1866,1893]" pageId="26" pageNumber="25">Definition and diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Phylogenetic analysis reveals that several specimens from Southern
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<collectingCountry id="F33FF0BFFFC5BB4AC4E1F81CE678B506" box="[1259,1325,1866,1892]" name="Brazil" pageId="26" pageNumber="25">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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and
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<collectingCountry id="F33FF0BFFFC5BB4AC56EF81DE3A0B5E5" name="Paraguay" pageId="26" pageNumber="25">Paraguay</collectingCountry>
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identified as
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<taxonomicName id="4C28CBACFFC5BB4AC199F83AE07CB5E5" authority="Evans, 1953" authorityName="Evans" authorityYear="1953" box="[403,809,1900,1927]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Achlyodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="busirus" subSpecies="rioja">
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<emphasis id="B95C6C3DFFC5BB4AC199F83AE1CCB5E4" box="[403,665,1900,1926]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="25">Achlyodes busirus rioja</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB9CDDEFFC5BB4AC2A8F83BE07CB5E5" author="Evans WH" box="[674,809,1900,1927]" pageId="26" pageNumber="25" pagination="26 - 53" refId="ref77110" refString="Evans WH. 1953. A catalogue of the American Hesperiidae indicating the classification and nomenclature adopted in the British Museum (Natural History). Part III. Pyrginae. Section 2. The Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History); London. v + 246 p., pl. 26 - 53." type="book chapter" year="1953">Evans, 1953</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<typeStatus id="54930E8DFFC5BB4AC331F83AE03BB5E4" box="[827,878,1900,1926]" pageId="26" pageNumber="25">type</typeStatus>
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locality in
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<collectingCountry id="F33FF0BFFFC5BB4AC3F8F83AE762B5E4" box="[1010,1079,1900,1926]" name="Brazil" pageId="26" pageNumber="25">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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:
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<collectingRegion id="49EC7ECDFFC5BB4AC44EF83AE7B9B5E4" box="[1092,1260,1900,1926]" country="Brazil" name="Rio de Janeiro" pageId="26" pageNumber="25">Rio de Janeiro</collectingRegion>
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) are genetically differentiated from all valid subspecies of
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<taxonomicName id="4C28CBACFFC4BB4BC29CFFB0E758B362" authority="(Cramer, 1779)" baseAuthorityName="Cramer" baseAuthorityYear="1779" box="[662,1037,230,256]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Achlyodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="busirus">
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<emphasis id="B95C6C3DFFC4BB4BC29CFFB0E00EB362" box="[662,859,230,256]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">Achlyodes busirus</emphasis>
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(Cramer, 1779)
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<typeStatus id="54930E8DFFC4BB4BC411FFB0E71BB362" box="[1051,1102,230,256]" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">type</typeStatus>
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locality in
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<collectingCountry id="F33FF0BFFFC4BB4BC4C1FFB0E669B362" box="[1227,1340,230,256]" name="Suriname" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">Suriname</collectingCountry>
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), including sympatric
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<emphasis id="B95C6C3DFFC4BB4BC16FFE5EE282B343" box="[357,471,263,290]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">A. b. rioja</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation id="1313ACAAFFC4BB4BC1EFFE51E17CB340" box="[485,553,263,290]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="20.[192,261,1419,1443]" captionTargetBox="[193,1440,268,1379]" captionTargetId="figure-157@20.[192,1440,266,1382]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 2. Phylogenetic trees of Achlyodini inferred from protein-coding regions in a) the Z chromosome and b) the mitochondrial genome (in segments). See Fig. 1 legend for other notations." pageId="27" pageNumber="26">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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): e.g., their COI barcodes differ by 3% (20 bp), and therefore represent a new species. This new species keys to
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<emphasis id="B95C6C3DFFC4BB4BC24CFE7CE1E9B321" box="[582,700,297,324]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">A. b. rioja</emphasis>
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(F.2.1(c)) in
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB9CDDEFFC4BB4BC35CFE7CE0B9B326" author="Evans WH" box="[854,1004,297,324]" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" pagination="26 - 53" refId="ref77110" refString="Evans WH. 1953. A catalogue of the American Hesperiidae indicating the classification and nomenclature adopted in the British Museum (Natural History). Part III. Pyrginae. Section 2. The Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History); London. v + 246 p., pl. 26 - 53." type="book chapter" year="1953">Evans (1953)</bibRefCitation>
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and differs from it by the absence of androconia patches (“brands” in Evans) at the base of the forewing beneath and at the humeral lobe on hindwing above (the two patches are contacting each other in spread specimens).
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB9CDDEFFC4BB4BC45BFE3BE7B2B3EA" author="Evans WH" box="[1105,1255,365,392]" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" pagination="26 - 53" refId="ref77110" refString="Evans WH. 1953. A catalogue of the American Hesperiidae indicating the classification and nomenclature adopted in the British Museum (Natural History). Part III. Pyrginae. Section 2. The Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History); London. v + 246 p., pl. 26 - 53." type="book chapter" year="1953">Evans (1953)</bibRefCitation>
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mentioned this character as a variation in
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<emphasis id="B95C6C3DFFC4BB4BC1E4FED9E10BB3CA" box="[494,606,398,425]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">A. b. rioja</emphasis>
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, but genomic analysis reveals that their absence corresponds to a distinct sympatric genetically differentiated species. Moreover, male genitalia are diagnostic (
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<figureCitation id="1313ACAAFFC4BB4BC481FEE6E677B3A8" box="[1163,1314,432,458]" captionStart="Figures 262–284" captionStartId="109.[192,271,1750,1774]" captionTargetBox="[197,1437,250,1714]" captionTargetId="figure-110@109.[192,1440,247,1720]" captionTargetPageId="109" captionText="Figures 262–284. Genitalia of holotypes (unless indicated), data in text. 262–263) Pseudodrephalys tinas sp. n. 264–265) Achlyodes busirus rioja ♂ specimen NVG-22019A04. 266–267) Achlyodes calvus sp. n. paratype ♂ NVG-22019A03. 268– 270) Spioniades artemis sp. n. 271–273) Spioniades artemidoides sp. n. 274–276) Myrinia orieca sp. n. 277–278) Myrinia aragua sp. n. 279–281) Myrinia maculosa sp. n. 282–284) Myrinia manchada sp. n. Views: dorsal (264, 266, 268, 271, 274, 279, 282), left lateral (263, 265, 267, 269, 272, 275, 281, 284), right lateral (262 left valva, 270, 273, 276, 280, 283), ventral (277), right ventrolateral (278)." pageId="27" pageNumber="26">Fig. 266–267</figureCitation>
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) and differ from sympatric
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<emphasis id="B95C6C3DFFC4BB4BC170FE84E2B9B38E" box="[378,492,466,492]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">A. b. rioja</emphasis>
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||
(
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<figureCitation id="1313ACAAFFC4BB4BC1F0FE84E1C5B38F" box="[506,656,466,493]" captionStart="Figures 262–284" captionStartId="109.[192,271,1750,1774]" captionTargetBox="[197,1437,250,1714]" captionTargetId="figure-110@109.[192,1440,247,1720]" captionTargetPageId="109" captionText="Figures 262–284. Genitalia of holotypes (unless indicated), data in text. 262–263) Pseudodrephalys tinas sp. n. 264–265) Achlyodes busirus rioja ♂ specimen NVG-22019A04. 266–267) Achlyodes calvus sp. n. paratype ♂ NVG-22019A03. 268– 270) Spioniades artemis sp. n. 271–273) Spioniades artemidoides sp. n. 274–276) Myrinia orieca sp. n. 277–278) Myrinia aragua sp. n. 279–281) Myrinia maculosa sp. n. 282–284) Myrinia manchada sp. n. Views: dorsal (264, 266, 268, 271, 274, 279, 282), left lateral (263, 265, 267, 269, 272, 275, 281, 284), right lateral (262 left valva, 270, 273, 276, 280, 283), ventral (277), right ventrolateral (278)." pageId="27" pageNumber="26">Fig. 264–265</figureCitation>
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) in the larger process of ampulla and more strongly upturned harpe with truncate, instead of rounded, distal end. This species is not cryptic and is diagnosed reliably by phenotype. In DNA, a combination of the following base pairs is diagnostic in the nuclear genome: aly
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<date id="FF9696EFFFC4BB4BC4E0FD43E60FB04D" box="[1258,1370,533,559]" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" value="1260-10-02">1260.10.2</date>
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:A69T, aly151.22.21:G41A, aly
|
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<date id="FF9696EFFFC4BB4BC1CDFD61E17DB030" box="[455,552,567,594]" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" value="1349-05-05">1349.5.5</date>
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:G30T, aly
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<date id="FF9696EFFFC4BB4BC290FD61E059B033" box="[666,780,567,593]" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" value="2844-10-04">2844.10.4</date>
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:C132T, aly84.50.2:A45G, and COI barcode: 49A, A169G, T250C, T346C, T472C.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B97B02FFFC4BB4BC0CAFDD5E7D8B133" blockId="27.[191,1440,642,1088]" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">
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||
<emphasis id="B95C6C3DFFC4BB4BC0CAFDD5E11BB0FF" bold="true" box="[192,590,642,669]" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">
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Barcode sequence of the
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<typeStatus id="54930E8DFFC4BB4BC1EAFDD5E11CB0FF" box="[480,585,643,669]" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Sample NVG-19076B03, GenBank OR837646, 658 base pairs: AACTTTATATTTTATTTTTGGAATTTGAGCCGGAATAATTGGAACTTCACTAAGTATATTAATTCGAACTGAACTAGGAAATCCAGGATCATTAATT GGAGATGATCAAATTTATAATACTATTGTAACTGCTCATGCTTTTATTATAATTTTTTTTATAGTTATGCCAATTATAATTGGAGGATTTGGAAATT GATTAGTACCCCTTATATTAGGAGCCCCTGATATAGCTTTTCCCCGAATAAATAACATAAGATTTTGATTATTACCCCCCTCTTTAATATTATTAAT TTCAAGAAGAATTGTTGAAAATGGAGCTGGAACAGGATGAACAGTTTATCCCCCCCTTTCATCTAATATTGCTCACCAAGGATCATCTGTAGATTTA GCTATTTTTTCCCTACATTTAGCAGGAATTTCATCAATTTTAGGAGCTATTAATTTTATTACAACAATTATTAATATACGAATCATAAATCTTTCTT TTGATCAAATACCTCTTTTTGTATGAGCTGTAGGAATTACAGCTTTACTTTTATTACTTTCCTTACCAGTACTAGCTGGAGCTATTACTATACTTTT AACTGATCGAAATTTAAATACATCATTTTTTGATCCTGCAGGAGGAGGAGATCCAATTTTATATCAACATTTATTT
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C332E3A4FFC4BB4BC10AFC0AE66DB608" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8B97B02FFFC4BB4BC10AFC0AE2CCB622" blockId="27.[191,1440,642,1088]" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">
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||
<emphasis id="B95C6C3DFFC4BB4BC10AFC0AE2FFB117" bold="true" box="[256,426,859,886]" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">Type material.</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B40BA72FFC4BB4BC1B8FC0AE196B19F" collectingDate="1989-02-21" collectionCode="DC, USNM, V" collectorName="Rank & Nick & Grishin & QR Code" country="Brazil" elevation="850" latitude="-26.283333" location="National Museum of Natural History" longLatPrecision="1242" longitude="-49.416668" municipality="Smithsonian Institution" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-male="2" stateProvince="Washington" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95C6C3DFFC4BB4BC1B8FC0AE172B114" bold="true" box="[434,551,860,886]" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54930E8DFFC4BB4BC1B8FC0AE174B114" box="[434,545,860,886]" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2E7BA6FFC4BB4BC225FC0BE111B11A" box="[559,580,861,888]" count="1" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
currently deposited in the
|
||
<location id="8EF7E6F4FFC4BB4BC370FC0DE64AB117" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03810139FFC5BB4BC0CAF98DE1E7B6BD:8EF7E6F4FFC4BB4BC370FC0DE64AB117" box="[890,1311,859,886]" country="Brazil" latitude="-26.283333" longLatPrecision="1242" longitude="-49.416668" municipality="Smithsonian Institution" name="National Museum of Natural History" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" stateProvince="Washington">National Museum of Natural History</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BF32A55FFC4BB4BC526FC0DE231B1F5" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">Smithsonian Institution</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49EC7ECDFFC4BB4BC17AFC2BE2ACB1F5" box="[368,505,893,919]" country="United States of America" name="Washington" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">Washington</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED3928EAFFC4BB4BC20CFC2BE165B1F5" box="[518,560,893,919]" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">DC</collectionCode>
|
||
, USA (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED3928EAFFC4BB4BC288FC2BE182B1F5" box="[642,727,893,919]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
), illustrated in
|
||
<figureCitation id="1313ACAAFFC4BB4BC389FC2BE0A9B1FA" box="[899,1020,893,920]" captionStart="Figures 49–62" captionStartId="97.[192,271,1841,1865]" captionTargetBox="[199,1416,304,1773]" captionTargetId="figure-56@97.[194,1442,296,1781]" captionTargetPageId="97" captionText="Figures 49–62. Holotypes (unless indicated), data in text. 49–52) Pseudodrephalys tinas sp. n.: 51–52) paratype ♀ NVG- 19039F11. 53–54) Pseudodrephalys argus sp. n. 55–56) Achlyodes calvus sp. n. 57–58) Spioniades artemis sp. n. 59–60) Spioniades artemidoides sp. n. 61–62) Myrinia orieca sp. n." pageId="27" pageNumber="26">Fig. 55–56</figureCitation>
|
||
, bears the following four rectangular labels, three white: [
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33FF0BFFFC4BB4BC1A2FCC9E15FB1DB" box="[424,522,927,953]" name="Brazil" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
|
||
:Sta Catarina | Sao Bento do Sul |
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1CD6E8FFC4BB4BC377FCC9E081B1DB" box="[893,980,927,955]" degrees="26" direction="south" minutes="17" orientation="latitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" precision="925" value="-26.283333">26°17′ S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1CD6E8FFC4BB4BC3D1FCC9E769B1DB" box="[987,1084,927,955]" degrees="49" direction="west" minutes="25" orientation="longitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" precision="925" value="-49.416668">49°25′W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
|
|
||
<date id="FF9696EFFFC4BB4BC45AFCC9E795B1DB" box="[1104,1216,927,953]" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" value="1989-02-21">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFD26F07FFC4BB4BC45AFCC9E795B1DB" box="[1104,1216,927,953]" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" value="1989-02-21">21.II.1989</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
|
|
||
<quantity id="4CD01DCAFFC4BB4BC4DFFCC9E642B1D8" box="[1237,1303,927,954]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" unit="m" value="850.0">
|
||
<elevation id="0005571CFFC4BB4BC4DFFCC9E642B1D8" box="[1237,1303,927,954]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" unit="m" value="850.0">850m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
, leg.
|
||
<collectorName id="26DDD5F9FFC4BB4BC544FCC9E6DCB1DB" box="[1358,1417,927,953]" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">Rank</collectorName>
|
||
], [DNA sample ID: | NVG-19076B03 | c/o
|
||
<collectorName id="26DDD5F9FFC4BB4BC29AFC97E190B1B9" box="[656,709,961,987]" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">Nick</collectorName>
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED3928EAFFC4BB4BC2C6FC97E18AB1B9" box="[716,735,961,987]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectorName id="26DDD5F9FFC4BB4BC2E2FC97E06BB1B9" box="[744,830,961,987]" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">Grishin</collectorName>
|
||
], [USNMENT | {
|
||
<collectorName id="26DDD5F9FFC4BB4BC401FC97E72DB1B9" box="[1035,1144,961,987]" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">QR Code</collectorName>
|
||
} | 01588644], and one red [
|
||
<typeStatus id="54930E8DFFC4BB4BC0C5FCB5E235B19F" box="[207,352,995,1021]" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2E7BA6FFC4BB4BC16FFCB2E22FB19D" box="[357,378,996,1023]" count="1" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
|
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C28CBACFFC4BB4BC186FCB4E155B19E" authorityName="Hubner" authorityYear="1819" box="[396,512,994,1020]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Achlyodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Achlyodes</taxonomicName>
|
||
|
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C28CBACFFC4BB4BC218FCB4E1E6B19E" authority="Grishin" authorityName="Zhang & Cong & Grishin" authorityYear="2023" box="[530,691,994,1020]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Achlyodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="calvus">calvus Grishin</taxonomicName>
|
||
]
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B95C6C3DFFC4BB4BC2C7FCB5E012B19F" bold="true" box="[717,839,995,1021]" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54930E8DFFC4BB4BC2C7FCB5E017B19F" box="[717,834,995,1021]" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2E7BA6FFC4BB4BC346FCB5E0D6B19D" box="[844,899,995,1023]" count="2" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" type="male">2♂♂</specimenCount>
|
||
: NVG-22019A03 from near the type locality, Rio Vermelho, elevation
|
||
<quantity id="4CD01DCAFFC4BB4BC1A3FB52E17FB67D" box="[425,554,1028,1055]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.25" metricValueMax="8.5" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" unit="m" value="725.0" valueMax="850.0" valueMin="600.0">600–850 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF9696EFFFC4BB4BC23DFB52E193B67C" box="[567,710,1028,1054]" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" value="1973-02-24">24-Feb-1973</date>
|
||
, Rank leg. [
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED3928EAFFC4BB4BC346FB52E0C9B67C" box="[844,924,1028,1054]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a6ms-py1z" name="Zoologische Staatssammlung" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">ZSMC</collectionCode>
|
||
] and NVG-19076B01, USNMENT_01588642
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33FF0BFFFC4BB4BC0C8FB70E27DB622" box="[194,296,1062,1088]" name="Paraguay" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">Paraguay</collectingCountry>
|
||
[
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED3928EAFFC4BB4BC13CFB70E2DBB622" box="[310,398,1062,1088]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B97B02FFFC4BB4BC0CAFB06E66DB608" blockId="27.[192,1336,1103,1130]" box="[192,1336,1103,1130]" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95C6C3DFFC4BB4BC0CAFB06E20EB60B" bold="true" box="[192,347,1103,1130]" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54930E8DFFC4BB4BC0CAFB06E3ACB608" box="[192,249,1104,1130]" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33FF0BFFFC4BB4BC16BFB06E2F3B608" box="[353,422,1104,1130]" name="Brazil" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C28CBACFFC4BB4BC1A5FB06E103B608" authority="Catarina" authorityName="Catarina" box="[431,598,1104,1130]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Nisoniades" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="santa">Santa Catarina</taxonomicName>
|
||
, São Bento do Sul, elevation
|
||
<quantity id="4CD01DCAFFC4BB4BC39CFB19E08BB608" box="[918,990,1103,1130]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" unit="m" value="850.0">850 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED3928EAFFC4BB4BC3E2FB06E74CB608" box="[1000,1049,1104,1130]" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">GPS</collectionCode>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1CD6E8FFC4BB4BC42AFB06E7F1B608" box="[1056,1188,1104,1130]" degrees="26.283333" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" precision="1" value="-26.283333">−26.283333</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1CD6E8FFC4BB4BC4A5FB06E661B608" box="[1199,1332,1104,1130]" degrees="49.416667" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" precision="1" value="-49.416668">−49.416667</geoCoordinate>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C332E3A4FFC4BB4BC0CAFB2CE282B6D7" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B97B02FFFC4BB4BC0CAFB2CE282B6D7" blockId="27.[191,1441,1145,1206]" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95C6C3DFFC4BB4BC0CAFB2CE211B6F6" bold="true" box="[192,324,1146,1172]" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
In Latin,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C28CBACFFC4BB4BC1A7FB2FE2A4B6F1" authorityName="Zhang & Cong & Grishin" authorityYear="2023" box="[429,497,1145,1171]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Achlyodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="calvus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95C6C3DFFC4BB4BC1A7FB2FE2A4B6F1" box="[429,497,1145,1171]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">calvus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
means hairless, bold, naked, or bare. It is given to this species for the lack of hair tufts. The name is an adjective.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C332E3A4FFC4BB4BC0CAFB93E1E7B6BD" box="[192,690,1221,1247]" pageId="27" pageNumber="26" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B97B02FFFC4BB4BC0CAFB93E1E7B6BD" blockId="27.[192,690,1221,1247]" box="[192,690,1221,1247]" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95C6C3DFFC4BB4BC0CAFB93E20EB6BD" bold="true" box="[192,347,1221,1247]" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Southern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33FF0BFFFC4BB4BC1C5FB93E145B6BD" box="[463,528,1221,1247]" name="Brazil" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33FF0BFFFC4BB4BC24DFB93E1FAB6BD" box="[583,687,1221,1247]" name="Paraguay" pageId="27" pageNumber="26">Paraguay</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |