154 lines
16 KiB
XML
154 lines
16 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="8D4DEBF7EB913DC115A57D0E262901AF">A cybertaxonomic revision of the micro-landsnail genus Plectostoma Adam (Mollusca, Caenogastropoda, Diplommatinidae), from Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra and Indochina</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="98B93EA1716DDA6BA6DE5DBD451E83A1">Liew, Thor-Seng</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="ECFA1CA4E9104FF24CB8483F6E1AE37A">Vermeulen, Jaap Jan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="73859F88E06682DE2E93BDE5514820BC">Marzuki, Mohammad Effendi bin</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="ECCF6DF8C93B099C0D93BF39C6CA019A">Schilthuizen, Menno</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="2DA02FAD99FBB3FCABB561EE9E0BACE7">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="8A358D3F66D4C51423B17141A20BB09B">393</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="9DAF889D7857AA66B1C3CE6CC2644E10">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.393.6717</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="9FE0D33660C34E6356A58B9377ECB289">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="988CE643982D7762F29679E5E381E85D" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.393.6717</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="1BE68043C78E2020642B8CFD8ACA7EDE" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152052248" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1BE68043C78E2020642B8CFD8ACA7EDE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1BE68043C78E2020642B8CFD8ACA7EDE" lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<subSubSection id="E2FAF31A37D0CF519496F3D21B0732EB" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="C0AE35F460623925972E2D7DF48809B6" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<taxonomicName id="B4ECA239F84514B103541167A5F7380F" ID-CoL="7SRD8" LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Plectostoma_umbilicatum" authority="van Benthem Jutting, 1952" authorityName="van Benthem Jutting" authorityYear="1952" class="Gastropoda" family="Diplommatinidae" genus="Plectostoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Plectostoma umbilicatum" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="umbilicatum">Plectostoma umbilicatum (van Benthem Jutting, 1952)</taxonomicName>
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Figure 17B, 22, Appendix 8
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="665A07D2FD92C847959222CF04B39C7C" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="1E7F8025232A50BCABD80BF007843D58" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<taxonomicName id="C44595383F3A010FC1F34FE559E0B6C4" class="Gastropoda" family="Diplommatinidae" genus="Opisthostoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Opisthostoma umbilicatum" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="umbilicatum">Opisthostoma umbilicatum</taxonomicName>
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van Benthem Jutting, 1952: 49, figure 25 (original description).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="1488239535291B50D531DD3CEC21FD14" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<taxonomicName id="23D27AA0075243D3DBB8D007D6B23CFF" class="Gastropoda" family="Diplommatinidae" genus="Opisthostoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Opisthostoma umbilicatum" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="umbilicatum">Opisthostoma umbilicatum</taxonomicName>
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van Benthem Jutting,
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<bibRefCitation id="ED39B9BC51969D8E1122E44073FCD7E5" author="van Benthem Jutting, WSS" journalOrPublisher="The Bulletin of the National Museum" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" pagination="34 - 48" title="Additional new species and new localities of the family Vertiginidae and the genera Oophana and Opisthostoma from Malaya." url="http://rmbr.nus.edu.sg/rbz/biblio/26/26brm034-048.pdf" volume="26" year="1961">van Benthem Jutting (1961</bibRefCitation>
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: 39).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="99F6F739D3EAF98DDE46988C14C741AA" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<taxonomicName id="16AC4E22F1CF0675913CBE4FD4174D28" class="Gastropoda" family="Diplommatinidae" genus="Opisthostoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Opisthostoma umbilicatum" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="umbilicatum">Opisthostoma umbilicatum</taxonomicName>
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van Benthem Jutting,
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<bibRefCitation id="CB642FD84BC6AD215A96740F4F70B431" author="Clements, GR" journalOrPublisher="National University of Singapore" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" title="Conservation biogeography of terrestrial molluscs on tropical limestone karsts." year="2007">Clements (2007</bibRefCitation>
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: 74).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B3E9682D7B5074E44C9C731489CE828" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<taxonomicName id="10D6F5521D439D5B1AC97A0875DC782C" class="Gastropoda" family="Diplommatinidae" genus="Opisthostoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Opisthostoma umbilicatum" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="umbilicatum">Opisthostoma umbilicatum</taxonomicName>
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van Benthem Jutting, Clements et al. (2008: 2760).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="9C5A03A07B1DD82272DDAB37058B99D9" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="type material">
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<paragraph id="8859BFD59A44D3E152A85B699A42A199" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="EA42472B74350138215F0E58C45F7790" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Holotype: ZMA 136070(1) (Seen). Paratypes: ZMA 136071(8) (Seen).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="93985F44911D4137DD3804333E0D5614" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="other examined materials">
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<paragraph id="08DACE9062EF698BC90FC84A6EBA5EC0" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Other examined materials.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="4322E08DE27B5DB0073B1217FB02D314" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">BOR 5503(>10), BOR 5625(>25).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="5172B2D6D36E2A46D696359B6610FDB0" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="2EB92808544FCF6D66BFA00A096E1921" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="618D9D7B9F6BA73F788B1DCEE851C13B" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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Shares with
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<taxonomicName id="3A97C0CE21B795573FA9E6DF234EBC13" class="Gastropoda" family="Diplommatinidae" genus="Plectostoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Plectostoma dindingensis" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="dindingensis">Plectostoma dindingensis</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="C6B122494CA46C703A80AE7011902783" class="Gastropoda" family="Diplommatinidae" genus="Plectostoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Plectostoma mengaburensis" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="mengaburensis">Plectostoma mengaburensis</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName id="C9BD6113C7E93716F53A32E844775847" class="Gastropoda" family="Diplommatinidae" genus="Plectostoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Plectostoma panhai" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="panhai">Plectostoma panhai</taxonomicName>
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the tuba form, but differs by having an oblong conical apical spire.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="572B0E35E842506EED0A0B39FAB1F7AF" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="description">
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<paragraph id="DD38A380901E7A0D089EAE86C7C52CDE" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B7DB2B35DF465BE95ACCF31F7511DEA6" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Apex. Shape: moderately convex.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A06E759056781B56247281CC61415AF2" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Spire. Height: 2.0-2.3 mm. Width: 1.3-1.5 mm. Number of whorls: 4 5/8-4 3/8. Apical spire shape: oblong conical. Basal spire shape: ovoid. Whorl periphery: distinctly convex. Umbilicus: completely open or partially closed by tuba.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8F01F91C53F1F6224A83FA75E330F0C5" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Constriction. Parietal teeth: none. Basal teeth: none.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E26ABAE50DF10EB8B553C713754B49D2" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Tuba. Coiling direction: type 1 and aperture visible from back view. Tuba whorl length in proportion to spire last whorl: ca. 1/2-3/4. Proportion of tuba that attaches to spire: whole.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E403DB73702FD6644E0CDA01AE5B909E" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Aperture and peristome. Peristome: double peristomes. Outer peristome shape: same as inner peristome and uniformly projected all around, except the posterior part.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="FC20A5A58142C2A28F61D4964CC8B03E" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Spiral lines. Thick lines: present. Thin lines: present.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2C373C5535003A82DE6F531BD9553AAC" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Radial ribs. Rib density: 6-9 ribs per mm. Rib intensity: thin. Shape: straight. Inclination: orthoclin.</paragraph>
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<caption id="A3BC43D6D0CEE92720D15B0EA647C2A0" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<paragraph id="84B1244646E4E24F44ED28C13005B613" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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Figures 22.
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<taxonomicName id="2CEBC1B22D8A45F8B170D947242E0642" class="Gastropoda" family="Diplommatinidae" genus="Plectostoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Plectostoma umbilicatum" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="umbilicatum">Plectostoma umbilicatum</taxonomicName>
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(van Benthem Jutting, 1952) BOR5503. A frontal view B leftlateral view; C back view D right lateral view E top view F bottom view G parietal part of constriction inner whorl H basal part of constriction inner whorl. Scale bar = 1 mm (for
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<normalizedToken id="1DACB7B5363B4C44396BFC95196071FF" originalValue="A–F">A-F</normalizedToken>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="9909C70F37425016D104ADB6941C2A56" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="B623E10750EB015B2F32E4BF17E3498F" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B7278599CAD6CE17DB7E6799E6BF9A14" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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Type locality. Limestone hill cluster named Kota Tongkat (
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<geoCoordinate id="B4040603FC21C07E2E00C7D10702EBCB" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="3.891111">3°53'28"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="5405E1BDD5986A1EABBB7788FC94D832" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="102.47305">102°28'23"E</geoCoordinate>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="900BE4C4BD17B900167847020F3342BD" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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Distribution range. It is only known from the type locality. All other adjacent limestone outcrops have been sampled, but only other
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<taxonomicName id="C33A3646765EC0C08EDCF1725F4C4ABC" class="Gastropoda" family="Diplommatinidae" genus="Plectostoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Plectostoma" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Plectostoma</taxonomicName>
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species were found (Figure 18D).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="259CF94380A28F65AA6DF4989E866154" lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="conservation status">
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<paragraph id="0796F3CD23063D0B723EC283FB47D30B" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Conservation status.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="656AC8757CA6463FA040B32D903BDC20" lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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Critically Endangered (B2ab(iii)+C2a(i) ver. 10.1). The Kota Tongkat limestone cluster is surrounded by oil palm plantation and heavily degraded
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<pageBreakToken id="A286C3B90654516EB9C724B3BEF2E358" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" start="start">forest</pageBreakToken>
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. This species is only known from this limestone cluster. Recent soil samplings have not revealed any recent dead shells (Clements et al. 2008). Neverthelss, we found a living population with fewer than 100 individuals at a wet stalagmite of the entrance of one the caves during an intensive survey in May 2011. During that survey, we noticed that all other rock surfaces of the limestone outcrops in Kota Tongkat were very dry. Thus, the recorded and other unknown living populations are at risk of extinction because a long drought might wipe them out.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="F0801E41474E6260184656DAA7EF516C" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="B6CD90F661E728C9D53A7EF6052B5204" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Discussion.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="902957ED5D2756F1CE50D116EC090B41" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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See discussion under
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<taxonomicName id="B2B2011E50582D6C36B87B8E3BCA18EA" class="Gastropoda" family="Diplommatinidae" genus="Plectostoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Plectostoma christae" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="christae">Plectostoma christae</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |