811 lines
117 KiB
XML
811 lines
117 KiB
XML
<document id="3B7E0889236B9D080543BB68AD9572FA" ID-CLB-Dataset="53704" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5146.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="3b24340c-ddcb-45bc-a12b-a3f21832e794" ID-ISSN="11755334" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7626155" ID-ZooBank="52C3E5E3-80B6-49DB-BC9C-194560D491F7" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1654151467413" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="In, First Published" docDate="2022" docId="03E3878AA82DFFFF04F48D68FD47F88D" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5146.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5146" docStyle="DocumentStyle:8B0D3ECF822058C8413568C103B59429.6:Zootaxa.2001-2006.monograph" docStyleId="8B0D3ECF822058C8413568C103B59429" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2001-2006.monograph" docStyleVersion="6" docTitle="Johngarthia lagostoma" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="90" masterDocId="FFDAFFF2A878FFA604638879FFE8FFD9" masterDocTitle="Brachyuran crabs (Crustacea, Decapoda) from the remote oceanic Archipelago Trindade and Martin Vaz, South Atlantic Ocean" masterLastPageNumber="129" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="86" updateTime="1699338717474" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:titleInfo id="48C9408D2C799340B7C5AF03D1DCDE4C">
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<mods:title id="58DC28745EF2FFEB753A738E25FDAB2E">Brachyuran crabs (Crustacea, Decapoda) from the remote oceanic Archipelago Trindade and Martin Vaz, South Atlantic Ocean</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="076DF9D44D36C919EEB781DB76DD6B44" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="3AB3BD0EFB3BD9587164C02F76DA2E09">In, First Published</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="FF150DC589573C06A6AD8816BAA942C6">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="9E4847E0D82A765CFD4496A79E113BC0">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="EB4D28404B32A230950D2808B34C4E9C">
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<mods:date id="454A8A6DE441A75D3D644396F7CF6CD8">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="07847D7AA8DB9F8D0CAD022B97F4E79D">2022-06-02</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="C79832C1781E09EA01AC315926CF63C1" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="6BD716AE9186E03E196A0A1E9099D897">5146</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="169F441EA2CA92152633F47D87884739" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5146.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03E3878AA82DFFFF04F48D68FD47F88D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7626418" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209289783" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7626418" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E3878AA82DFFFF04F48D68FD47F88D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E3878AA82DFFFF04F48D68FD47F88D" lastPageId="89" lastPageNumber="90" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
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<subSubSection id="C3506517A82DFFF304F48D68FD13FAF2" box="[151,763,1297,1324]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BF5369CA82DFFF304F48D68FD13FAF2" blockId="85.[151,763,1297,1359]" box="[151,763,1297,1324]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
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<heading id="D0BD81F0A82DFFF304F48D68FD13FAF2" bold="true" box="[151,763,1297,1324]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D1FA82DFFF304F48D68FD13FAF2" ID-CoL="6NG68" ID-ENA="1666999" authority="(H. Milne Edwards, 1837)" baseAuthorityName="H. Milne Edwards" baseAuthorityYear="1837" box="[151,763,1297,1324]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gecarcinidae" genus="Johngarthia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lagostoma">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEA8EA82DFFF304F48D68FD13FAF2" bold="true" box="[151,763,1297,1324]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEA8EA82DFFF304F48D68FE58FAF5" bold="true" box="[151,432,1297,1324]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Johngarthia lagostoma</emphasis>
|
||
(H. Milne Edwards, 1837)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C3506517A82DFFF304F48D4CFE04FA96" box="[151,492,1333,1359]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BF5369CA82DFFF304F48D4CFE04FA96" blockId="85.[151,763,1297,1359]" box="[151,492,1333,1359]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
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(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13712A19A82DFFF304FC8D4CFEC1FA96" box="[159,297,1333,1359]" captionStart="FIGURE 46" captionStartId="86.[151,250,1832,1856]" captionTargetBox="[164,1422,181,1808]" captionTargetId="figure-25@86.[164,1422,181,1808]" captionTargetPageId="86" captionText="FIGURE 46. A–I, Johngarthia lagostoma (H. Milne Edwards, 1837), Trindade Island. A, Pico do Desejado, around 600 m high (July 2018). B, Enseada dos Portugueses. Crabs seeking for food at night near the Brazilian Navy facilitiy (November 2017). C, Retreated to its burrow during the heat hours (December 2017). D, Preying upon a newborn sea turtle at night (May 2012). E, F," figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7626305" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7626305/files/figure.png" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Figs. 46A–I</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13712A19A82DFFF305578D4CFE62FA96" box="[308,394,1333,1359]" captionStart="FIGURE 47" captionStartId="87.[151,250,1177,1201]" captionTargetBox="[158,1426,186,1142]" captionTargetId="figure-18@87.[151,1436,181,1153]" captionTargetPageId="87" captionText="FIGURE 47. A–G, Johngarthia lagostoma (H. Milne Edwards, 1837). A, F, Male (MZUSP 9583). B–E, G, Male (MZUSP 21430).A, F, Anterior view of body and second pereopod in lateral view, respectively. B, C, Third maxilliped in ventral and dorsal view, respectively. D, E, Second (Mxp2) and first (Mxp1) maxillipeds in dorsal view, respectively. G, Distal part of the first gonopod in pleonal view. Note in (A) Mxp3 gaping noticably, exposing the mandibles; in (B) small palp and small exopodite devoid of flagellum articulating at the ventral side of the merus and basis, respectively; in (D, E) exopodite of Mxp2 and Mxp1 devoid of flagellum; in (G) corneous unguis with subdistal opening. Scales: A, F, 10 mm. B–E, 5 mm. G, 1.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7626307" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7626307/files/figure.png" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">47A–G</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13712A19A82DFFF305F68D4CFE0CFA96" box="[405,484,1333,1359]" captionStart="FIGURE 48" captionStartId="90.[151,250,1546,1570]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1521]" captionTargetId="figure-25@90.[151,1435,181,1521]" captionTargetPageId="90" captionText="FIGURE 48. A–F, Johngarthia lagostoma (H. Milne Edwards, 1837), Trindade Island. A, Males fighting each other to access females (21 November 2014). B, Crabs mating, female on top (19 November 2014). Note both first gonopods (arrow) inserted into the female. C, Mating female in hard-shelled condition separated from male (21 November 2014). Note genital operculum (arrow). D, Ovigerous females migrating towards the beach near sunset (4 December 2017 at 6h:30 pm). E, F, Ovigerous females spawning at night (23 November 2017 at 7h:27 pm). Photographs: (A–C) by J.B. Mendonça, (D–F) by A. Pol." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7626311" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7626311/files/figure.png" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">48A–F</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3506517A82DFFF304F48D03FC16FA4B" box="[151,1022,1402,1426]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BF5369CA82DFFF304F48D03FC16FA4B" blockId="85.[151,1022,1402,1426]" box="[151,1022,1402,1426]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D1FA82DFFF304F48D03FD49FA4B" ID-CoL="3FGCV" authority="H. Milne Edwards, 1837: 27" authorityName="H. Milne Edwards" authorityPageNumber="27" authorityYear="1837" box="[151,673,1402,1426]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gecarcinidae" genus="Gecarcinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lagostoma">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEA8EA82DFFF304F48D03FE93FA4B" box="[151,379,1402,1426]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Gecarcinus lagostoma</emphasis>
|
||
H. Milne Edwards, 1837: 27
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F1883EA82DFFF306CD8D03FD0BFA4B" box="[686,739,1402,1426]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality:
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35D760CA82DFFF307228D03FC1CFA4B" box="[833,1012,1402,1426]" name="Ascension Island" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Ascension Island</collectingCountry>
|
||
].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3506517A82DFFF004F48DB9FB73F82D" lastPageId="86" lastPageNumber="87" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF5369CA82DFFF304F48DB9FCD8F8BF" blockId="85.[151,1437,1472,1931]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEA8EA82DFFF304F48DB9FDA5FA03" bold="true" box="[151,589,1472,1498]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Trindade and Martin Vaz specimens.</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B223CC1A82DFFF306308DB9FCB8FA27" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4028571808" collectingDate="1986-12-13" collectionCode="MZUSP" collectorName="M. Tavares & F. W. Kurtz" county="Enseada" location="Brazil" municipality="Trindade Island" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" specimenCode="MZUSP 9583" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4CFD15A82DFFF306308DB9FD76FA03" box="[595,670,1472,1498]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBEC9EE7A82DFFF306CF8DB9FCA4FA02" box="[684,844,1472,1499]" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">MZUSP 9583</specimenCode>
|
||
),
|
||
<location id="8E956047A82DFFF3073C8DB9FC4EFA03" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E3878AA82DFFFF04F48D68FD47F88D:8E956047A82DFFF3073C8DB9FC4EFA03" box="[863,934,1472,1498]" county="Enseada" municipality="Trindade Island" name="Brazil" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Brazil</location>
|
||
, off
|
||
<location id="8E956047A82DFFF307B48DB9FB91FA03" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E3878AA82DFFFF04F48D68FD47F88D:8E956047A82DFFF307B48DB9FB91FA03" box="[983,1145,1472,1498]" county="Enseada" municipality="Trindade Island" name="Espirito Santo" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Espírito Santo</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6B91ACE6A82DFFF300E08DB9FADCFA03" box="[1155,1332,1472,1498]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Trindade Island</collectingMunicipality>
|
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,
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62944E10A82DFFF3015C8DB9FA74FA03" box="[1343,1436,1472,1498]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Enseada</collectingCounty>
|
||
dos Portugueses,
|
||
<collectorName id="26BF534AA82DFFF3053A8D9CFE3DFA26" box="[345,469,1509,1535]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">M. Tavares</collectorName>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectorName id="26BF534AA82DFFF306698D9CFD61FA26" box="[522,649,1509,1535]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">F. W. Kurtz</collectorName>
|
||
coll.,
|
||
<date id="FFF4105CA82DFFF306AE8D9DFCB8FA27" box="[717,848,1508,1534]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" value="1986-12-13">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFB0E9B4A82DFFF306AE8D9DFCB8FA27" box="[717,848,1508,1534]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" value="1986-12-13">13.xii.1986</collectingDate>
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||
</date>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B223CC1A82DFFF307398D9DFD63F9FB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4028571911" collectingDate="1986-12-13" collectionCode="MZUSP" collectorName="M. Tavares & F. W. Kurtz" location="Praia das Cabritas" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" specimenCode="MZUSP 21430" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4CFD15A82DFFF307398D9DFC4CFA27" box="[858,932,1508,1534]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBEC9EE7A82DFFF307D18D9DFB89FA27" box="[946,1121,1508,1534]" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">MZUSP 21430</specimenCode>
|
||
),
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEA8EA82DFFF300108D9DFB57FA27" box="[1139,1215,1508,1534]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">ibidem</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8E956047A82DFFF300AE8D9DFA70FA27" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E3878AA82DFFFF04F48D68FD47F88D:8E956047A82DFFF300AE8D9DFA70FA27" box="[1229,1432,1508,1534]" name="Praia das Cabritas" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Praia das Cabritas</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26BF534AA82DFFF304F48E70FEFBF9FA" box="[151,275,1545,1571]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">M. Tavares</collectorName>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectorName id="26BF534AA82DFFF305248E70FE2DF9FA" box="[327,453,1545,1571]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">F. W. Kurtz</collectorName>
|
||
coll.,
|
||
<date id="FFF4105CA82DFFF3066A8E71FD63F9FB" box="[521,651,1544,1570]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" value="1986-12-13">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFB0E9B4A82DFFF3066A8E71FD63F9FB" box="[521,651,1544,1570]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" value="1986-12-13">13.xii.1986</collectingDate>
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||
</date>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B223CC1A82DFFF306F68E71FBC2F99F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4028571791" collectingDate="2014-11-10" collectionCode="MZUSP" collectorName="J. B. Mendonca" latitude="-20.506666" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-29.315832" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" specimenCode="MZUSP 40221" specimenCount="1">
|
||
2 parental females each with hatched first stage zoeae (
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBEC9EE7A82DFFF300918E71FA74F9FB" box="[1266,1436,1544,1570]" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">MZUSP 40221</specimenCode>
|
||
and 40223),
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEA8EA82DFFF3054B8E55FE9CF99F" box="[296,372,1580,1606]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">ibidem</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE7E505BA82DFFF305E78E55FDE7F99F" box="[388,527,1580,1606]" degrees="20" direction="south" minutes="30" orientation="latitude" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" precision="15" seconds="24" value="-20.506666">20°30’24’’S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE7E505BA82DFFF3067E8E55FD44F99E" box="[541,684,1580,1607]" degrees="29" direction="west" minutes="18" orientation="longitude" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" precision="15" seconds="57" value="-29.315832">29°18’57”W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26BF534AA82DFFF306D98E54FC8CF99F" box="[698,868,1580,1607]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">J.B. Mendonça</collectorName>
|
||
coll.,
|
||
<date id="FFF4105CA82DFFF307CD8E55FBC2F99F" box="[942,1066,1580,1606]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" value="2014-11-10">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFB0E9B4A82DFFF307CD8E55FBC2F99F" box="[942,1066,1580,1606]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" value="2014-11-10">10.xi.2014</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B223CC1A82DFFF300558E55FA93F9B3" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4028571720" collectingDate="2012-06-10" collectionCode="MZUSP" collectorName="J. B. Mendonca" latitude="-20.517721" location="Praia da Tartaruga" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-29.302332" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" specimenCode="MZUSP 40322" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-juvenile="1">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4CFD15A82DFFF300558E55FB4FF99F" box="[1078,1191,1580,1606]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" type="juvenile">1 juvenile</specimenCount>
|
||
male, cl
|
||
<quantity id="4CB29B79A82DFFF301778E55FA86F99E" box="[1300,1390,1580,1607]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.1" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" unit="mm" value="9.1">9.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
, cw
|
||
<quantity id="4CB29B79A82DFFF304F48E29FF15F9B2" box="[151,253,1616,1643]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.06" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" unit="mm" value="10.6">10.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBEC9EE7A82DFFF3056F8E29FE55F9B3" box="[268,445,1616,1642]" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">MZUSP 40322</specimenCode>
|
||
),
|
||
<location id="8E956047A82DFFF305B28E29FD4BF9B2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E3878AA82DFFFF04F48D68FD47F88D:8E956047A82DFFF305B28E29FD4BF9B2" box="[465,675,1616,1643]" latitude="-20.517721" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-29.302332" name="Praia da Tartaruga" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Praia da Tartaruga</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE7E505BA82DFFF306D38E29FCB8F9B3" box="[688,848,1616,1642]" degrees="20" direction="south" minutes="31" orientation="latitude" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" precision="1" seconds="03.8" value="-20.517721">20°31’03.8’’S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE7E505BA82DFFF3073E8E29FBE9F9B3" box="[861,1025,1616,1642]" degrees="29" direction="west" minutes="18" orientation="longitude" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" precision="1" seconds="08.4" value="-29.302332">29°18’08.4”W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26BF534AA82DFFF3006D8E28FB50F9B3" box="[1038,1208,1616,1643]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">J.B. Mendonça</collectorName>
|
||
coll.,
|
||
<date id="FFF4105CA82DFFF301628E29FA93F9B3" box="[1281,1403,1616,1642]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" value="2012-06-10">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFB0E9B4A82DFFF301628E29FA93F9B3" box="[1281,1403,1616,1642]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" value="2012-06-10">10.vi.2012</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
, at night.
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4CFD15A82DFFF304BD8E0DFEA9F957" box="[222,321,1652,1678]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
|
||
, cl
|
||
<quantity id="4CB29B79A82DFFF305058E0DFE5EF956" box="[358,438,1652,1679]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" unit="mm" value="22.0">22 mm</quantity>
|
||
, cw
|
||
<quantity id="4CB29B79A82DFFF3058B8E0DFDD1F956" box="[488,569,1652,1679]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" unit="mm" value="26.0">26 mm</quantity>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4CFD15A82DFFF306208E0DFD78F957" box="[579,656,1652,1678]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
|
||
, cl
|
||
<quantity id="4CB29B79A82DFFF306D68E0DFCEEF956" box="[693,774,1652,1679]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" unit="mm" value="30.0">30 mm</quantity>
|
||
, cw
|
||
<quantity id="4CB29B79A82DFFF307548E0DFC60F956" box="[823,904,1652,1679]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" unit="mm" value="36.0">36 mm</quantity>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B223CC1A82DFFF307F08E0DFB20F96A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4028571587" collectingDate="2013-07-15" collectionCode="MZUSP" collectorName="J. B. Mendonca" latitude="-20.507723" location="Enseada" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-29.313944" municipality="Portugueses" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" specimenCode="MZUSP 40321" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4CFD15A82DFFF307F08E0DFC35F957" box="[915,989,1652,1678]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
|
||
cl
|
||
<quantity id="4CB29B79A82DFFF3079D8E0DFBA6F956" box="[1022,1102,1652,1679]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" unit="mm" value="32.0">32 mm</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CB29B79A82DFFF3003A8E0DFB4FF956" box="[1113,1191,1652,1679]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" unit="mm" value="38.0">38 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBEC9EE7A82DFFF300D78E0DFA8BF957" box="[1204,1379,1652,1678]" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">MZUSP 40321</specimenCode>
|
||
),
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEA8EA82DFFF301168E0DFF2EF96B" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">ibidem</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8E956047A82DFFF304B78EE1FED9F96B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E3878AA82DFFFF04F48D68FD47F88D:8E956047A82DFFF304B78EE1FED9F96B" box="[212,305,1688,1714]" latitude="-20.507723" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-29.313944" municipality="Portugueses" name="Enseada" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Enseada</location>
|
||
dos
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6B91ACE6A82DFFF305058EE0FE18F96A" box="[358,496,1689,1715]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Portugueses</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE7E505BA82DFFF305988EE1FD73F96B" box="[507,667,1688,1714]" degrees="20" direction="south" minutes="30" orientation="latitude" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" precision="1" seconds="27.8" value="-20.507723">20°30’27.8’’S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE7E505BA82DFFF306C48EE1FCA4F96A" box="[679,844,1688,1715]" degrees="29" direction="west" minutes="18" orientation="longitude" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" precision="1" seconds="50.2" value="-29.313944">29°18’50.2”W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26BF534AA82DFFF307348EE0FC17F96B" box="[855,1023,1688,1715]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">J.B. Mendonça</collectorName>
|
||
coll.,
|
||
<date id="FFF4105CA82DFFF300268EE1FB20F96A" box="[1093,1224,1688,1715]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" value="2013-07-15">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFB0E9B4A82DFFF300268EE1FB20F96A" box="[1093,1224,1688,1715]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" value="2013-07-15">15.vii.2013</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4CFD15A82DFFF300B08EE1FAAAF96B" box="[1235,1346,1688,1714]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" type="juvenile">1 juvenile</specimenCount>
|
||
female, cl
|
||
<quantity id="4CB29B79A82DFFF304D18EC5FEEBF90E" box="[178,259,1724,1751]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" unit="mm" value="20.0">20 mm</quantity>
|
||
, cw
|
||
<quantity id="4CB29B79A82DFFF305558EC5FE60F90E" box="[310,392,1724,1751]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" unit="mm" value="23.0">23 mm</quantity>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4CFD15A82DFFF305F08EC5FDEAF90F" box="[403,514,1724,1750]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" type="juvenile">1 juvenile</specimenCount>
|
||
male, cl
|
||
<quantity id="4CB29B79A82DFFF3060B8EC5FD51F90E" box="[616,697,1724,1751]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" unit="mm" value="22.0">22 mm</quantity>
|
||
, cw
|
||
<quantity id="4CB29B79A82DFFF3068F8EC5FCD6F90E" box="[748,830,1724,1751]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" unit="mm" value="26.0">26 mm</quantity>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4CFD15A82DFFF3072A8EC5FC50F90F" box="[841,952,1724,1750]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" type="juvenile">1 juvenile</specimenCount>
|
||
male,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4CFD15A82DFFF300608EC5FB9AF90F" box="[1027,1138,1724,1750]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" type="juvenile">1 juvenile</specimenCount>
|
||
female both cl
|
||
<quantity id="4CB29B79A82DFFF3017C8EC5FA98F90E" box="[1311,1392,1724,1751]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" unit="mm" value="23.0">23 mm</quantity>
|
||
, cw
|
||
<quantity id="4CB29B79A82DFFF304F48E99FF02F922" box="[151,234,1760,1787]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" unit="mm" value="27.0">27 mm</quantity>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B223CC1A82DFFF304958E99FBBAF922" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4028571335" box="[246,1106,1760,1787]" collectingDate="2015-07-12" collectionCode="MZUSP" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" specimenCode="MZUSP 40352" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-juvenile="1">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4CFD15A82DFFF304958E99FE8EF923" box="[246,358,1760,1786]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" type="juvenile">1 juvenile</specimenCount>
|
||
male cl
|
||
<quantity id="4CB29B79A82DFFF305AA8E99FDF3F922" box="[457,539,1760,1787]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" unit="mm" value="28.0">28 mm</quantity>
|
||
, cw
|
||
<quantity id="4CB29B79A82DFFF306338E99FD48F922" box="[592,672,1760,1787]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" unit="mm" value="33.0">33 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBEC9EE7A82DFFF306CC8E99FCB7F922" box="[687,863,1760,1787]" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">MZUSP 40352</specimenCode>
|
||
),
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEA8EA82DFFF307178E99FC28F923" box="[884,960,1760,1786]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">ibidem</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFF4105CA82DFFF307AC8E99FBBAF922" box="[975,1106,1760,1787]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" value="2015-07-12">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFB0E9B4A82DFFF307AC8E99FBBAF922" box="[975,1106,1760,1787]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" value="2015-07-12">12.vii.2015</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B223CC1A82DFFF3003E8E99FC7CF8C7" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4028571479" collectingDate="2018-02-14" collectionCode="MZUSP" collectorName="J. B. Mendonca" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" specimenCode="MZUSP 40226" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-juvenile="1">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4CFD15A82DFFF3003E8E99FB25F923" box="[1117,1229,1760,1786]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" type="juvenile">1 juvenile</specimenCount>
|
||
female cl
|
||
<quantity id="4CB29B79A82DFFF301258E99FA70F922" box="[1350,1432,1760,1787]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" unit="mm" value="14.0">14 mm</quantity>
|
||
, cw
|
||
<quantity id="4CB29B79A82DFFF304DD8F7DFEE4F8C6" box="[190,268,1796,1823]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" unit="mm" value="16.0">16 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBEC9EE7A82DFFF3057A8F7DFE2FF8C6" box="[281,455,1796,1823]" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">MZUSP 40226</specimenCode>
|
||
),
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEA8EA82DFFF305BA8F7DFDCDF8C7" box="[473,549,1796,1822]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">ibidem</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26BF534AA82DFFF306508F7CFD32F8C7" box="[563,730,1796,1823]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">J.B. Mendonça</collectorName>
|
||
coll.,
|
||
<date id="FFF4105CA82DFFF3077C8F7DFC7CF8C7" box="[799,916,1796,1822]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" value="2018-02-14">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFB0E9B4A82DFFF3077C8F7DFC7CF8C7" box="[799,916,1796,1822]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" value="2018-02-14">14.ii.2018</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B223CC1A82DFFF307FE8F7DFB9CF89B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4028571686" collectingDate="1987-05-22" collectionCode="MZUSP" collectorName="Bresil Expedition & M. Tavares" country="French Southern Territories" location="Trindade Island" municipality="Pico do Desejado" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" specimenCode="MZUSP 22792" specimenCount="6" specimenCount-female="4" specimenCount-male="2">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4CFD15A82DFFF307FE8F7DFC1DF8C7" box="[925,1013,1796,1822]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" type="male">2 males</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4CFD15A82DFFF3079C8F7DFB83F8C7" box="[1023,1131,1796,1822]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" type="female">4 females</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBEC9EE7A82DFFF3001B8F7DFACEF8C7" box="[1144,1318,1796,1822]" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">MZUSP 22792</specimenCode>
|
||
),
|
||
<location id="8E956047A82DFFF3015B8F7DFF36F89B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E3878AA82DFFFF04F48D68FD47F88D:8E956047A82DFFF3015B8F7DFF36F89B" country="French Southern Territories" municipality="Pico do Desejado" name="Trindade Island" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Trindade Island</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6B91ACE6A82DFFF3048F8F51FE5EF89B" box="[236,438,1832,1858]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Pico do Desejado</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35D760CA82DFFF305A08F51FDE2F89B" box="[451,522,1832,1858]" name="French Southern Territories" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">TAAF</collectingCountry>
|
||
MD55/
|
||
<collectorName id="26BF534AA82DFFF306008F51FCC6F89B" box="[611,814,1832,1859]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Brésil Expedition</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26BF534AA82DFFF307588F50FC52F89A" box="[827,954,1833,1859]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">M. Tavares</collectorName>
|
||
coll.,
|
||
<date id="FFF4105CA82DFFF300678F51FB9CF89B" box="[1028,1140,1832,1858]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" value="1987-05-22">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFB0E9B4A82DFFF300678F51FB9CF89B" box="[1028,1140,1832,1858]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" value="1987-05-22">22.v.1987</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
, altitude around
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4CFD15A82DFFF301568F51FF25F8BF" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" type="male">
|
||
<quantity id="4CB29B79A82DFFF301568F51FA69F89A" box="[1333,1409,1832,1859]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" unit="m" value="600.0">600 m</quantity>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B223CC1A82DFFF301E18F50FF25F8BF" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4028571889" collectingDate="1988-10-10" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="French Southern Territories" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" specimenCode="MZUSP 17279" specimenCount="1">. 1 male</materialsCitation>
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBEC9EE7A82DFFF304BF8F35FE63F8BF" box="[220,395,1868,1894]" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">MZUSP 17279</specimenCode>
|
||
), Martin Vaz Archipelago,
|
||
<date id="FFF4105CA82DFFF306DA8F35FCC4F8BF" box="[697,812,1868,1894]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" value="1988-10-10">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFB0E9B4A82DFFF306DA8F35FCC4F8BF" box="[697,812,1868,1894]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" value="1988-10-10">10.x.1988</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF5369CA82DFFF304F48F09FBC9F852" blockId="85.[151,1437,1472,1931]" box="[151,1057,1904,1931]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
|
||
Size of largest male: cl
|
||
<quantity id="4CB29B79A82DFFF305FD8F09FE07F852" box="[414,495,1904,1931]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.6" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" unit="mm" value="66.0">66 mm</quantity>
|
||
, cw
|
||
<quantity id="4CB29B79A82DFFF306418F09FD9CF852" box="[546,628,1904,1931]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.9" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" unit="mm" value="79.0">79 mm</quantity>
|
||
; largest female: cl
|
||
<quantity id="4CB29B79A82DFFF307248F09FC70F852" box="[839,920,1904,1931]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.7" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" unit="mm" value="67.0">67 mm</quantity>
|
||
, cw
|
||
<quantity id="4CB29B79A82DFFF307A88F09FBF5F852" box="[971,1053,1904,1931]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.6" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" unit="mm" value="76.0">76 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF5369CA82DFFF304A48FEDFA82F80B" blockId="85.[151,1436,1940,2003]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEA8EA82DFFF304A48FEDFDBFF877" bold="true" box="[199,599,1940,1966]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Comparative material examined.</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B223CC1A82DFFF306028FEDFC39F876" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4028571883" box="[609,977,1940,1967]" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" location="Brazil" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" specimenCode="MZUSP 36387" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35D760CA82DFFF306028FEDFD42F877" box="[609,682,1940,1966]" name="Brazil" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4CFD15A82DFFF306D48FEDFCEDF877" box="[695,773,1940,1966]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBEC9EE7A82DFFF307748FEDFC21F876" box="[791,969,1940,1967]" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">MZUSP 36387</specimenCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B223CC1A82DFFF307BC8FEDFF01F80B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4028571916" collectingDate="1972-02" collectionCode="MZUSP" collectorName="Rocas Atoll" country="Brazil" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" specimenCode="MZUSP 3685" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4CFD15A82DFFF307BC8FEDFBABF877" box="[991,1091,1940,1966]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBEC9EE7A82DFFF300378FEDFB11F876" box="[1108,1273,1940,1967]" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">MZUSP 3685</specimenCode>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectorName id="26BF534AA82DFFF3016C8FECFA70F877" box="[1295,1432,1940,1967]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Rocas Atoll</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFF4105CA82DFFF304F48FC1FF01F80B" box="[151,233,1976,2002]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" value="1972-02">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFB0E9B4A82DFFF304F48FC1FF01F80B" box="[151,233,1976,2002]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" value="1972-02">ii.1972</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B223CC1A82DFFF304978FC1FA8EF80B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4028571960" box="[244,1382,1976,2003]" collectingDate="2006-10-14" collectingDateMax="2006-10-16" collectingDateMin="2006-10-14" collectionCode="MZUSP" collectorName="de Noronha & dos Porcos" country="Brazil" location="Pedreira do Sueste" municipality="Fernando de Noronha" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" specimenCode="MZUSP 30021" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Bahia">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4CFD15A82DFFF304978FC1FEBDF80B" box="[244,341,1976,2002]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBEC9EE7A82DFFF305008FC1FDFBF80B" box="[355,531,1976,2002]" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">MZUSP 30021</specimenCode>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6B91ACE6A82DFFF306458FC1FCF5F80B" box="[550,797,1976,2002]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
|
||
Fernando
|
||
<collectorName id="26BF534AA82DFFF306F48FC1FCF5F80B" box="[663,797,1976,2002]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">de Noronha</collectorName>
|
||
</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="498EF87EA82DFFF3074B8FC1FCB3F80B" box="[808,859,1976,2002]" country="Brazil" name="Bahia" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Baía</collectingRegion>
|
||
<collectorName id="26BF534AA82DFFF307018FC1FC37F80A" box="[866,991,1976,2003]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">dos Porcos</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8E956047A82DFFF307898FC1FB56F80B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E3878AA82DFFFF04F48D68FD47F88D:8E956047A82DFFF307898FC1FB56F80B" box="[1002,1214,1976,2002]" country="Brazil" municipality="Fernando de Noronha" name="Pedreira do Sueste" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" stateProvince="Bahia">Pedreira do Sueste</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFF4105CA82DFFF300AA8FC1FA8EF80B" box="[1225,1382,1976,2002]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" value="2006-10-14" valueMax="2006-10-16" valueMin="2006-10-14">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFB0E9B4A82DFFF300AA8FC1FA8EF80B" box="[1225,1382,1976,2002]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" value="2006-10-14" valueMax="2006-10-16" valueMin="2006-10-14">14–16.x.2006</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF356614A82EFFF004F48F51FA74F851" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7626305" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7626305" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7626305/files/figure.png" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" startId="86.[151,250,1832,1856]" targetBox="[164,1422,181,1808]" targetPageId="86">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF5369CA82EFFF004F48F51FA74F851" blockId="86.[151,1436,1832,1928]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEA8EA82EFFF004F48F51FEF7F899" bold="true" box="[151,287,1832,1856]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">FIGURE 46.</emphasis>
|
||
A–I,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D1FA82EFFF0053B8F51FCBBF899" authority="(H. Milne Edwards, 1837)" baseAuthorityName="H. Milne Edwards" baseAuthorityYear="1837" box="[344,851,1832,1856]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gecarcinidae" genus="Johngarthia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lagostoma">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEA8EA82EFFF0053B8F51FDABF899" box="[344,579,1832,1856]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Johngarthia lagostoma</emphasis>
|
||
(H. Milne Edwards, 1837)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, Trindade Island. A, Pico do Desejado, around 600 m high (July 2018). B, Enseada dos Portugueses. Crabs seeking for food at night near the Brazilian Navy facilitiy (November 2017). C, Retreated to its burrow during the heat hours (December 2017). D, Preying upon a newborn sea turtle at night (May 2012). E, F,
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF5369CA82EFFF004F48FEDFB73F82D" blockId="86.[151,1437,1940,2037]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
|
||
Hunting seabirds’ chicks and eggs (
|
||
<date id="FFF4105CA82EFFF005988FEDFCD3F875" box="[507,827,1940,1964]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" value="2017-11" valueMax="2017-12-31" valueMin="2017-11-00">November and December 2017</date>
|
||
, respectively). G, Scavenging a carcasse of seabird (
|
||
<date id="FFF4105CA82EFFF001298FEDFF1CF809" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" value="2017-12">December 2017</date>
|
||
). H, I, Eating leaves o
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D1FA82EFFF005B58FC0FDCAF809" box="[470,546,1977,2000]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Convolvulaceae" genus="Ipomea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEA8EA82EFFF005B58FC0FDCAF809" box="[470,546,1977,2000]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Ipomea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<date id="FFF4105CA82EFFF0064C8FC1FD71F809" box="[559,665,1976,2000]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" value="2012-05">May 2012</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFF4105CA82EFFF006C08FC1FCA0F809" box="[675,840,1976,2000]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" value="2017-12">December 2017</date>
|
||
). Note in (B) two main color morphs (yellow or orange and red or purple); in (G) purple morph. Photographs: (A, C, D, F–I) by J.B. Mendonça, (B, E) by A. Pol.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF356614A82FFFF104F48CE0FAF2FABD" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7626307" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7626307" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7626307/files/figure.png" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" startId="87.[151,250,1177,1201]" targetBox="[158,1426,186,1142]" targetPageId="87">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF5369CA82FFFF104F48CE0FAF2FABD" blockId="87.[151,1436,1177,1381]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEA8EA82FFFF104F48CE0FECAFB68" bold="true" box="[151,290,1177,1201]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">FIGURE 47.</emphasis>
|
||
A–G,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D1FA82FFFF105088CE0FC9EFB68" authority="(H. Milne Edwards, 1837)" baseAuthorityName="H. Milne Edwards" baseAuthorityYear="1837" box="[363,886,1177,1201]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gecarcinidae" genus="Johngarthia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lagostoma">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEA8EA82FFFF105088CE0FDB1FB68" box="[363,601,1177,1201]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Johngarthia lagostoma</emphasis>
|
||
(H. Milne Edwards, 1837)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. A, F, Male (MZUSP 9583). B–E, G, Male (MZUSP 21430). A, F, Anterior view of body and second pereopod in lateral view, respectively. B, C, Third maxilliped in ventral and dorsal view, respectively. D, E, Second (Mxp2) and first (Mxp1) maxillipeds in dorsal view, respectively. G, Distal part of the first gonopod in pleonal view. Note in (A) Mxp3 gaping noticably, exposing the mandibles; in (B) small palp and small exopodite devoid of flagellum articulating at the ventral side of the merus and basis, respectively; in (D, E) exopodite of Mxp2 and Mxp1 devoid of flagellum; in (G) corneous unguis with subdistal opening. Scales: A, F, 10 mm. B–E, 5 mm. G, 1.5 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3506517A82FFFFF04A48DEAFE6DFB36" lastPageId="89" lastPageNumber="90" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF5369CA82FFFF104A48DEAFC10FA08" blockId="87.[151,1437,1427,1922]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEA8EA82FFFF104A48DEAFE89FA74" bold="true" box="[199,353,1427,1453]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Insular. Rocas Atoll, Fernando de Noronha Archipelago,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35D760CA82FFFF107858DEAFB41FA74" box="[998,1193,1427,1453]" name="Ascension Island" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Ascension Island</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Trindade and Martin Vaz Archipelago (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDB4B6DA82FFFF1053C8DCEFE16FA08" author="Moreira, C." box="[351,510,1463,1489]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" refId="ref101149" refString="Moreira, C. (1901) Contribuicao para o conhecimento da fauna brasileira. Crustaceos do Brasil. Arquivos do Museu Nacional, https: // doi. org / 10.3406 / bsef. 1912.25160" type="book" year="1901">Moreira 1901</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDB4B6DA82FFFF1066A8DCEFDACFA08" author="Moreira, C." box="[521,580,1463,1489]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" pagination="125 - 132" refId="ref101185" refString="Moreira, C. (1920) Faune carcinologique de l'ile de la Trindade. Bulletin de la Societe zoologique de France, 45, 125 - 132." type="journal article" year="1920">1920</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDB4B6DA82FFFF106338DCEFD25FA08" author="Lobo, B." box="[592,717,1463,1489]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" pagination="107 - 158" refId="ref97781" refString="Lobo, B. (1919) Ilha da Trindade. In: Lobo, B. (Ed.), Conferencia sobre a Ilha da Trindade. Archivos do Museu Nacional, 22, 107 - 158." type="journal article" year="1919">Lobo 1919</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDB4B6DA82FFFF106BA8DCEFC03FA08" author="Manning, R. B. & Chace, F. A. Jr." box="[729,1003,1463,1489]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" pagination="1 - 91" refId="ref98377" refString="Manning, R. B. & Chace, F. A. Jr. (1990) Decapod and stomatopod Crustacea from Ascension Island, South Atlantic Ocean. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 503, 1 - 91. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00810282.503" type="journal article" year="1990">Manning & Chace 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF5369CA82FFFF104A48DA2FB16F858" blockId="87.[151,1437,1427,1922]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEA8EA82FFFF104A48DA2FE78FA2C" bold="true" box="[199,400,1499,1525]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Ecological notes.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D1FA82FFFF105FB8DA2FD77FA2C" baseAuthorityName="H. Milne Edwards" baseAuthorityYear="1837" box="[408,671,1499,1525]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gecarcinidae" genus="Johngarthia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lagostoma">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEA8EA82FFFF105FB8DA2FD77FA2C" box="[408,671,1499,1525]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Johngarthia lagostoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a high level of independence from the aquatic environment. In Trindade, the crabs are found from upland habitats to heights of
|
||
<quantity id="4CB29B79A82FFFF107038D86FC4EF9C3" box="[864,934,1535,1562]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" unit="m" value="600.0">600 m</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13712A19A82FFFF107D78D86FBF5F9C3" box="[948,1053,1535,1562]" captionStart="FIGURE 46" captionStartId="86.[151,250,1832,1856]" captionTargetBox="[164,1422,181,1808]" captionTargetId="figure-25@86.[164,1422,181,1808]" captionTargetPageId="86" captionText="FIGURE 46. A–I, Johngarthia lagostoma (H. Milne Edwards, 1837), Trindade Island. A, Pico do Desejado, around 600 m high (July 2018). B, Enseada dos Portugueses. Crabs seeking for food at night near the Brazilian Navy facilitiy (November 2017). C, Retreated to its burrow during the heat hours (December 2017). D, Preying upon a newborn sea turtle at night (May 2012). E, F," figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7626305" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7626305/files/figure.png" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Fig. 46A</figureCitation>
|
||
). The crabs are more active during the night (moonless and dark moons nights are preferred) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13712A19A82FFFF107518E5AFC72F9E7" box="[818,922,1571,1598]" captionStart="FIGURE 46" captionStartId="86.[151,250,1832,1856]" captionTargetBox="[164,1422,181,1808]" captionTargetId="figure-25@86.[164,1422,181,1808]" captionTargetPageId="86" captionText="FIGURE 46. A–I, Johngarthia lagostoma (H. Milne Edwards, 1837), Trindade Island. A, Pico do Desejado, around 600 m high (July 2018). B, Enseada dos Portugueses. Crabs seeking for food at night near the Brazilian Navy facilitiy (November 2017). C, Retreated to its burrow during the heat hours (December 2017). D, Preying upon a newborn sea turtle at night (May 2012). E, F," figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7626305" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7626305/files/figure.png" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Fig. 46B</figureCitation>
|
||
), but they are not uncommon during daylight cool hours as well, and usually retreat to their burrows for protection during the heat hours (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13712A19A82FFFF100E98E3EFB18F9BB" box="[1162,1264,1607,1634]" captionStart="FIGURE 46" captionStartId="86.[151,250,1832,1856]" captionTargetBox="[164,1422,181,1808]" captionTargetId="figure-25@86.[164,1422,181,1808]" captionTargetPageId="86" captionText="FIGURE 46. A–I, Johngarthia lagostoma (H. Milne Edwards, 1837), Trindade Island. A, Pico do Desejado, around 600 m high (July 2018). B, Enseada dos Portugueses. Crabs seeking for food at night near the Brazilian Navy facilitiy (November 2017). C, Retreated to its burrow during the heat hours (December 2017). D, Preying upon a newborn sea turtle at night (May 2012). E, F," figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7626305" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7626305/files/figure.png" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Fig. 46C</figureCitation>
|
||
). The reduction of water loss is a basic requirement for a land crab. In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D1FA82FFFF106998E15FC62F95C" baseAuthorityName="H. Milne Edwards" baseAuthorityYear="1837" box="[762,906,1643,1669]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gecarcinidae" genus="Johngarthia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lagostoma">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEA8EA82FFFF106998E15FC62F95C" box="[762,906,1643,1669]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">J. lagostoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the buccal frame is completely covered by the long and broadly operculiform third maxilliped (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13712A19A82FFFF106A38EF6FCC2F970" box="[704,810,1679,1705]" captionStart="FIGURE 47" captionStartId="87.[151,250,1177,1201]" captionTargetBox="[158,1426,186,1142]" captionTargetId="figure-18@87.[151,1436,181,1153]" captionTargetPageId="87" captionText="FIGURE 47. A–G, Johngarthia lagostoma (H. Milne Edwards, 1837). A, F, Male (MZUSP 9583). B–E, G, Male (MZUSP 21430).A, F, Anterior view of body and second pereopod in lateral view, respectively. B, C, Third maxilliped in ventral and dorsal view, respectively. D, E, Second (Mxp2) and first (Mxp1) maxillipeds in dorsal view, respectively. G, Distal part of the first gonopod in pleonal view. Note in (A) Mxp3 gaping noticably, exposing the mandibles; in (B) small palp and small exopodite devoid of flagellum articulating at the ventral side of the merus and basis, respectively; in (D, E) exopodite of Mxp2 and Mxp1 devoid of flagellum; in (G) corneous unguis with subdistal opening. Scales: A, F, 10 mm. B–E, 5 mm. G, 1.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7626307" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7626307/files/figure.png" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Fig. 47A</figureCitation>
|
||
), whose merus extends anteriorly as far as to cover the remarkably small antenna and antennule, and the palp and maxilliped exopodite (devoid of flagellum) are both reduced in size and articulated at the maxilliped internal face, thus concealed to reduce water loss to a minimum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13712A19A82FFFF1010C8EAEFF03F8CC" captionStart="FIGURE 47" captionStartId="87.[151,250,1177,1201]" captionTargetBox="[158,1426,186,1142]" captionTargetId="figure-18@87.[151,1436,181,1153]" captionTargetPageId="87" captionText="FIGURE 47. A–G, Johngarthia lagostoma (H. Milne Edwards, 1837). A, F, Male (MZUSP 9583). B–E, G, Male (MZUSP 21430).A, F, Anterior view of body and second pereopod in lateral view, respectively. B, C, Third maxilliped in ventral and dorsal view, respectively. D, E, Second (Mxp2) and first (Mxp1) maxillipeds in dorsal view, respectively. G, Distal part of the first gonopod in pleonal view. Note in (A) Mxp3 gaping noticably, exposing the mandibles; in (B) small palp and small exopodite devoid of flagellum articulating at the ventral side of the merus and basis, respectively; in (D, E) exopodite of Mxp2 and Mxp1 devoid of flagellum; in (G) corneous unguis with subdistal opening. Scales: A, F, 10 mm. B–E, 5 mm. G, 1.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7626307" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7626307/files/figure.png" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Fig. 47B, C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Additionally, the maxillipeds leave a broad rhomboidal gap when closed, so that food can still enter the mouth and be processed by the mandibles (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDB4B6DA82FFFF106128F66FCE1F8E0" author="Tavares, M. D. S." box="[625,777,1823,1849]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" pagination="327 - 352" refId="ref108864" refString="Tavares, M. D. S. (2002) True Crabs. In: Carpenter, K. E. (Ed.), The living marine resources of the Western Central Atlantic. Vol. 1. Introduction, molluscs, crustaceans, hagfishes, sharks, batoid fishes, and chimaeras. FAO Species Identification Guide for Fishery Purposes and American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists Special Publication No. 5. FAO, Rome, pp. 327 - 352. [http: // www. fao. org / 3 / y 4161 e / y 4161 e 00. htm]" type="book chapter" year="2002">Tavares 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13712A19A82FFFF1077C8F66FC58F8E3" box="[799,944,1823,1850]" captionStart="FIGURE 46" captionStartId="86.[151,250,1832,1856]" captionTargetBox="[164,1422,181,1808]" captionTargetId="figure-25@86.[164,1422,181,1808]" captionTargetPageId="86" captionText="FIGURE 46. A–I, Johngarthia lagostoma (H. Milne Edwards, 1837), Trindade Island. A, Pico do Desejado, around 600 m high (July 2018). B, Enseada dos Portugueses. Crabs seeking for food at night near the Brazilian Navy facilitiy (November 2017). C, Retreated to its burrow during the heat hours (December 2017). D, Preying upon a newborn sea turtle at night (May 2012). E, F," figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7626305" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7626305/files/figure.png" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Figs. 46D, H</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="13712A19A82FFFF107D88F66FC18F8E0" box="[955,1008,1823,1849]" captionStart="FIGURE 47" captionStartId="87.[151,250,1177,1201]" captionTargetBox="[158,1426,186,1142]" captionTargetId="figure-18@87.[151,1436,181,1153]" captionTargetPageId="87" captionText="FIGURE 47. A–G, Johngarthia lagostoma (H. Milne Edwards, 1837). A, F, Male (MZUSP 9583). B–E, G, Male (MZUSP 21430).A, F, Anterior view of body and second pereopod in lateral view, respectively. B, C, Third maxilliped in ventral and dorsal view, respectively. D, E, Second (Mxp2) and first (Mxp1) maxillipeds in dorsal view, respectively. G, Distal part of the first gonopod in pleonal view. Note in (A) Mxp3 gaping noticably, exposing the mandibles; in (B) small palp and small exopodite devoid of flagellum articulating at the ventral side of the merus and basis, respectively; in (D, E) exopodite of Mxp2 and Mxp1 devoid of flagellum; in (G) corneous unguis with subdistal opening. Scales: A, F, 10 mm. B–E, 5 mm. G, 1.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7626307" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7626307/files/figure.png" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">47A</figureCitation>
|
||
). The second and first maxillipeds also have the exopodites devoid of flagellae, which help to minimize water loss (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13712A19A82FFFF107858F3AFB84F887" box="[998,1132,1859,1886]" captionStart="FIGURE 47" captionStartId="87.[151,250,1177,1201]" captionTargetBox="[158,1426,186,1142]" captionTargetId="figure-18@87.[151,1436,181,1153]" captionTargetPageId="87" captionText="FIGURE 47. A–G, Johngarthia lagostoma (H. Milne Edwards, 1837). A, F, Male (MZUSP 9583). B–E, G, Male (MZUSP 21430).A, F, Anterior view of body and second pereopod in lateral view, respectively. B, C, Third maxilliped in ventral and dorsal view, respectively. D, E, Second (Mxp2) and first (Mxp1) maxillipeds in dorsal view, respectively. G, Distal part of the first gonopod in pleonal view. Note in (A) Mxp3 gaping noticably, exposing the mandibles; in (B) small palp and small exopodite devoid of flagellum articulating at the ventral side of the merus and basis, respectively; in (D, E) exopodite of Mxp2 and Mxp1 devoid of flagellum; in (G) corneous unguis with subdistal opening. Scales: A, F, 10 mm. B–E, 5 mm. G, 1.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7626307" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7626307/files/figure.png" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Fig. 47D, E</figureCitation>
|
||
). In Trindade,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D1FA82FFFF1016D8F3DFA75F884" baseAuthorityName="H. Milne Edwards" baseAuthorityYear="1837" box="[1294,1437,1859,1885]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gecarcinidae" genus="Johngarthia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lagostoma">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEA8EA82FFFF1016D8F3DFA75F884" box="[1294,1437,1859,1885]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">J. lagostoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
occasionally visit freshwater streams, some times along with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D1FA82FFFF107258F1EFBEDF858" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[838,1029,1895,1921]" class="Malacostraca" family="Grapsidae" genus="Grapsus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grapsus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEA8EA82FFFF107258F1EFBEDF858" box="[838,1029,1895,1921]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Grapsus grapsus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDB4B6DA82FFFF1005D8F1EFB1BF858" author="Arai, T. I. & Brandao, M. C. & Freire, A. S." box="[1086,1267,1895,1921]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" pagination="1 - 4" refId="ref84534" refString="Arai, T. I., Brandao, M. C. & Freire, A. S. (2017) First record of Grapsus grapsus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Brachyura: Decapoda: Grapsidae) in freshwater habitat. Nauplius, 25, 1 - 4. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / 2358 - 2936 e 2017032" type="journal article" year="2017">
|
||
Arai
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEA8EA82FFFF100148F11FB47F858" box="[1143,1199,1895,1921]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2017
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF5369CA82FFFFE04A48FF2FB7DFEC4" blockId="87.[151,1436,1931,2030]" lastBlockId="88.[151,1437,151,1941]" lastPageId="88" lastPageNumber="89" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
|
||
Feeding.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D1FA82FFFF1054C8FF2FDDCF87C" baseAuthorityName="H. Milne Edwards" baseAuthorityYear="1837" box="[303,564,1931,1957]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gecarcinidae" genus="Johngarthia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lagostoma">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEA8EA82FFFF1054C8FF2FDDCF87C" box="[303,564,1931,1957]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Johngarthia lagostoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
hunts for food, eat green leaves and decaying plant material (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13712A19A82FFFF100878FF2FA88F87F" box="[1252,1376,1931,1958]" captionStart="FIGURE 46" captionStartId="86.[151,250,1832,1856]" captionTargetBox="[164,1422,181,1808]" captionTargetId="figure-25@86.[164,1422,181,1808]" captionTargetPageId="86" captionText="FIGURE 46. A–I, Johngarthia lagostoma (H. Milne Edwards, 1837), Trindade Island. A, Pico do Desejado, around 600 m high (July 2018). B, Enseada dos Portugueses. Crabs seeking for food at night near the Brazilian Navy facilitiy (November 2017). C, Retreated to its burrow during the heat hours (December 2017). D, Preying upon a newborn sea turtle at night (May 2012). E, F," figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7626305" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7626305/files/figure.png" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Fig. 46H, I</figureCitation>
|
||
) (see also
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDB4B6DA82FFFF104AF8FD6FEBEF813" author="Baylis, H. A." box="[204,342,1967,1994]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" pagination="13 - 18" refId="ref84914" refString="Baylis, H. A. (1915) Oligochaeta. Natural History Report, British Antarctic (' Terra Nova ") Expedition, 1910, Zoology, 2 (2), 13 - 18." type="journal article" year="1915">Baylis 1915</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), cannibalize conspecifics, and scavenge opportunistically (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13712A19A82FFFF107958FD6FB88F813" box="[1014,1120,1967,1994]" captionStart="FIGURE 46" captionStartId="86.[151,250,1832,1856]" captionTargetBox="[164,1422,181,1808]" captionTargetId="figure-25@86.[164,1422,181,1808]" captionTargetPageId="86" captionText="FIGURE 46. A–I, Johngarthia lagostoma (H. Milne Edwards, 1837), Trindade Island. A, Pico do Desejado, around 600 m high (July 2018). B, Enseada dos Portugueses. Crabs seeking for food at night near the Brazilian Navy facilitiy (November 2017). C, Retreated to its burrow during the heat hours (December 2017). D, Preying upon a newborn sea turtle at night (May 2012). E, F," figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7626305" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7626305/files/figure.png" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Fig. 46G</figureCitation>
|
||
). It preys upon newborn sea turtles, seabirds’ chicks and eggs (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13712A19A82FFFF106748FAAFD75F837" box="[535,669,2003,2030]" captionStart="FIGURE 46" captionStartId="86.[151,250,1832,1856]" captionTargetBox="[164,1422,181,1808]" captionTargetId="figure-25@86.[164,1422,181,1808]" captionTargetPageId="86" captionText="FIGURE 46. A–I, Johngarthia lagostoma (H. Milne Edwards, 1837), Trindade Island. A, Pico do Desejado, around 600 m high (July 2018). B, Enseada dos Portugueses. Crabs seeking for food at night near the Brazilian Navy facilitiy (November 2017). C, Retreated to its burrow during the heat hours (December 2017). D, Preying upon a newborn sea turtle at night (May 2012). E, F," figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7626305" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7626305/files/figure.png" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Fig. 46D–F</figureCitation>
|
||
), but also upon house mouses when it has the chance. During a Brazilian expedition to Trindade in 1916, a frigatebird endemic to Trindade (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDB4B6DA820FFFE079788EEFB90FF68" author="Olson, S. L." box="[1012,1144,151,177]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" pagination="661 - 675" refId="ref102314" refString="Olson, S. L. (2017) Species rank for the critically endangered Atlantic Lesser Frigatebird (Fregata trinitatis). The Wilson Journal of Ornithology, 129 (4), 661 - 675. https: // doi. org / 10.1676 / 1559 - 4491 - 129.4.661" type="journal article" year="2017">Olson 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) kept alive was killed and eaten by the crabs during the night (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDB4B6DA820FFFE064888C2FD44FF0C" author="Lobo, B." box="[555,684,187,213]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" pagination="107 - 158" refId="ref97781" refString="Lobo, B. (1919) Ilha da Trindade. In: Lobo, B. (Ed.), Conferencia sobre a Ilha da Trindade. Archivos do Museu Nacional, 22, 107 - 158." type="journal article" year="1919">Lobo 1919</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Visibly,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D1FA820FFFE077F88C2FC44FF0C" baseAuthorityName="H. Milne Edwards" baseAuthorityYear="1837" box="[796,940,187,213]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gecarcinidae" genus="Johngarthia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lagostoma">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEA8EA820FFFE077F88C2FC44FF0C" box="[796,940,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">J. lagostoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
rely primarily on plant material for food, as also attested by its massive, well calcified gastric mill ossicles (see
|
||
<collectingRegion id="498EF87EA820FFFE07F088A6FC26FF20" box="[915,974,223,249]" country="Peru" name="Lima" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Lima</collectingRegion>
|
||
2010), a feature consistent with the consumption of plant material (see also
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDB4B6DA820FFFE064C897AFCB7FEC4" author="Linton, S. M. & Greenaway, P." box="[559,863,259,285]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" pagination="269 - 286" refId="ref97563" refString="Linton, S. M. & Greenaway, P. (2007) A review of feeding and nutrition of herbivorous land crabs: adaptations to low quality plant diets. Journal of Comparative Physiology B, 177, 269 - 286. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 00360 - 006 - 0138 - z" type="journal article" year="2007">Linton & Greenaway 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDB4B6DA820FFFE070A897AFB62FEC4" author="Allardyce, B. J. & Linton, S. M." box="[873,1162,259,285]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" pagination="61 - 72" refId="ref83196" refString="Allardyce, B. J. & Linton, S. M. (2010) Functional morphology of the gastric mills of carnivorous, omnivorous, and herbivorous land crabs. Journal of Morphology, 271, 61 - 72. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / jmor. 10781" type="journal article" year="2010">Allardyce & Linton 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF5369CA820FFFE04A4895EFB7EF9D3" blockId="88.[151,1437,151,1941]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">
|
||
Breeding behavior. Hartnoll and collaborators contributed a great deal to our knowledge of the breeding behavior and reproduction of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D1FA820FFFE05FF8932FDC2FEBC" baseAuthorityName="H. Milne Edwards" baseAuthorityYear="1837" box="[412,554,331,357]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gecarcinidae" genus="Johngarthia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lagostoma">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEA8EA820FFFE05FF8932FDC2FEBC" box="[412,554,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">J. lagostoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, essentially based on the crab population from the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35D760CA820FFFE00348932FAFEFEBC" box="[1111,1302,331,357]" name="Ascension Island" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Ascension Island</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Hartnoll
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEA8EA820FFFE01EB8932FF5CFE50" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2006; 2007; 2009; 2010; 2014; Hartnoll 2009; 2010). The breeding patterns of the crab population from Trindade (this study) is consistent with the patterns described for
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35D760CA820FFFE076E89EAFC6AFE74" box="[781,898,403,429]" name="Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Ascension</collectingCountry>
|
||
and Rocas Atoll (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDB4B6DA820FFFE002F89EAFB05FE77" author="Teixeira, A. L." box="[1100,1261,403,430]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" refId="ref109138" refString="Teixeira, A. L. (1996) Aspectos biologicos do caranguejo terrestre Gecarcinus lagostoma (H. M. Milne Edwards, 1837) no Atol das Rocas - Brasil. Master Thesis, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, 155 pp." type="book" year="1996">Teixeira 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), but also show some contrasts as discussed hereafter. In Trindade (this study), mating and egg carrying have been observed from October to November, and hatching from November to December (observations made in 2014 and 2017). In
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35D760CA820FFFE012E89A2FF20FDC0" name="Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Ascension</collectingCountry>
|
||
, scattered data point to breeding migrations occurring from late January to May (Hartnoll
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEA8EA820FFFE00B18986FAE4FDC0" box="[1234,1292,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2006; 2009; 2010).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDB4B6DA820FFFE04848A5AFDCBFDE7" author="Rodriguez-Rey, G. & Hartnoll, R. G. & Sol-Cava, A. M." box="[231,547,547,574]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" pagination="204 - 209" refId="ref105821" refString="Rodriguez-Rey, G., Hartnoll, R. G. & Sol-Cava, A. M. (2016) Genetic structure and diversity of the island-restricted endangered land crab, Johngarthia lagostoma (H. Milne Edwards, 1837). Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 474, 204 - 209. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. jembe. 2015.10.016" type="journal article" year="2016">
|
||
Rodriguez-Rey
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEA8EA820FFFE05FA8A5AFE39FDE4" box="[409,465,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2016)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
using mitochondrial markers found that almost half of the crabs from Trindade had haplotypes exclusive to this island. It is thus tempting to speculate that this might be aided in part by gene flow inhibited through differences in breeding seasons. Both sexes mature by
|
||
<quantity id="4CB29B79A820FFFE07B78A12FBCCFD5C" box="[980,1060,619,645]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" unit="mm" value="60.0">60 mm</quantity>
|
||
to
|
||
<quantity id="4CB29B79A820FFFE00298A12FB73FD5C" box="[1098,1179,619,645]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" unit="mm" value="70.0">70 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDB4B6DA820FFFE00C98A12FA79FD5C" author="Hartnoll, R. G. & Broderick, A. C. & Godley, B. J. & Musick, S. & Pearson, M. & Stroud, S. A. & Saunders, K. E." box="[1194,1425,619,645]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" pagination="83 - 92" refId="ref93861" refString="Hartnoll, R. G., Broderick, A. C., Godley, B. J., Musick, S., Pearson, M., Stroud, S. A. & Saunders, K. E. (2010) Reproduction in the land crab Johngarthia lagostoma on Ascension Island. Journal of Crustacean Biology, 30 (1), 83 - 92. https: // doi. org / 10.1651 / 09 - 3143.1" type="journal article" year="2010">
|
||
Hartnoll
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEA8EA820FFFE01718A12FAA4FD5C" box="[1298,1356,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2010
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Males fight each other with their chelipeds to access females (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13712A19A820FFFE07008AF6FC26FD70" box="[867,974,655,681]" captionStart="FIGURE 48" captionStartId="90.[151,250,1546,1570]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1521]" captionTargetId="figure-25@90.[151,1435,181,1521]" captionTargetPageId="90" captionText="FIGURE 48. A–F, Johngarthia lagostoma (H. Milne Edwards, 1837), Trindade Island. A, Males fighting each other to access females (21 November 2014). B, Crabs mating, female on top (19 November 2014). Note both first gonopods (arrow) inserted into the female. C, Mating female in hard-shelled condition separated from male (21 November 2014). Note genital operculum (arrow). D, Ovigerous females migrating towards the beach near sunset (4 December 2017 at 6h:30 pm). E, F, Ovigerous females spawning at night (23 November 2017 at 7h:27 pm). Photographs: (A–C) by J.B. Mendonça, (D–F) by A. Pol." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7626311" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7626311/files/figure.png" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Fig. 48A</figureCitation>
|
||
). During the mating, the male is usually under the female (sternum to sternum), which is held tightly by the male’s pereopods (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13712A19A820FFFE000C8ACAFB3FFD14" box="[1135,1239,691,717]" captionStart="FIGURE 48" captionStartId="90.[151,250,1546,1570]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1521]" captionTargetId="figure-25@90.[151,1435,181,1521]" captionTargetPageId="90" captionText="FIGURE 48. A–F, Johngarthia lagostoma (H. Milne Edwards, 1837), Trindade Island. A, Males fighting each other to access females (21 November 2014). B, Crabs mating, female on top (19 November 2014). Note both first gonopods (arrow) inserted into the female. C, Mating female in hard-shelled condition separated from male (21 November 2014). Note genital operculum (arrow). D, Ovigerous females migrating towards the beach near sunset (4 December 2017 at 6h:30 pm). E, F, Ovigerous females spawning at night (23 November 2017 at 7h:27 pm). Photographs: (A–C) by J.B. Mendonça, (D–F) by A. Pol." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7626311" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7626311/files/figure.png" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Fig. 48B</figureCitation>
|
||
), occasionally by the male’s chelipeds. The strong spines on the male’s pereopods dactyli and propodi help to hold the female in place (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13712A19A820FFFE04FC8A82FEE3FCCC" box="[159,267,763,789]" captionStart="FIGURE 47" captionStartId="87.[151,250,1177,1201]" captionTargetBox="[158,1426,186,1142]" captionTargetId="figure-18@87.[151,1436,181,1153]" captionTargetPageId="87" captionText="FIGURE 47. A–G, Johngarthia lagostoma (H. Milne Edwards, 1837). A, F, Male (MZUSP 9583). B–E, G, Male (MZUSP 21430).A, F, Anterior view of body and second pereopod in lateral view, respectively. B, C, Third maxilliped in ventral and dorsal view, respectively. D, E, Second (Mxp2) and first (Mxp1) maxillipeds in dorsal view, respectively. G, Distal part of the first gonopod in pleonal view. Note in (A) Mxp3 gaping noticably, exposing the mandibles; in (B) small palp and small exopodite devoid of flagellum articulating at the ventral side of the merus and basis, respectively; in (D, E) exopodite of Mxp2 and Mxp1 devoid of flagellum; in (G) corneous unguis with subdistal opening. Scales: A, F, 10 mm. B–E, 5 mm. G, 1.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7626307" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7626307/files/figure.png" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Figs. 47F</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13712A19A820FFFE05748A82FEA1FCCC" box="[279,329,763,789]" captionStart="FIGURE 48" captionStartId="90.[151,250,1546,1570]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1521]" captionTargetId="figure-25@90.[151,1435,181,1521]" captionTargetPageId="90" captionText="FIGURE 48. A–F, Johngarthia lagostoma (H. Milne Edwards, 1837), Trindade Island. A, Males fighting each other to access females (21 November 2014). B, Crabs mating, female on top (19 November 2014). Note both first gonopods (arrow) inserted into the female. C, Mating female in hard-shelled condition separated from male (21 November 2014). Note genital operculum (arrow). D, Ovigerous females migrating towards the beach near sunset (4 December 2017 at 6h:30 pm). E, F, Ovigerous females spawning at night (23 November 2017 at 7h:27 pm). Photographs: (A–C) by J.B. Mendonça, (D–F) by A. Pol." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7626311" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7626311/files/figure.png" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">48B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Both first gonopods are used for sperm transfer during the copulation (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13712A19A820FFFE001A8A82FB08FCCC" box="[1145,1248,763,789]" captionStart="FIGURE 48" captionStartId="90.[151,250,1546,1570]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1521]" captionTargetId="figure-25@90.[151,1435,181,1521]" captionTargetPageId="90" captionText="FIGURE 48. A–F, Johngarthia lagostoma (H. Milne Edwards, 1837), Trindade Island. A, Males fighting each other to access females (21 November 2014). B, Crabs mating, female on top (19 November 2014). Note both first gonopods (arrow) inserted into the female. C, Mating female in hard-shelled condition separated from male (21 November 2014). Note genital operculum (arrow). D, Ovigerous females migrating towards the beach near sunset (4 December 2017 at 6h:30 pm). E, F, Ovigerous females spawning at night (23 November 2017 at 7h:27 pm). Photographs: (A–C) by J.B. Mendonça, (D–F) by A. Pol." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7626311" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7626311/files/figure.png" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Fig. 48B</figureCitation>
|
||
). The copulation occurs while the female is in hard-shelled condition either during daylight hours or at night (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13712A19A820FFFE00C58B66FAC4FCE0" box="[1190,1324,799,825]" captionStart="FIGURE 48" captionStartId="90.[151,250,1546,1570]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1521]" captionTargetId="figure-25@90.[151,1435,181,1521]" captionTargetPageId="90" captionText="FIGURE 48. A–F, Johngarthia lagostoma (H. Milne Edwards, 1837), Trindade Island. A, Males fighting each other to access females (21 November 2014). B, Crabs mating, female on top (19 November 2014). Note both first gonopods (arrow) inserted into the female. C, Mating female in hard-shelled condition separated from male (21 November 2014). Note genital operculum (arrow). D, Ovigerous females migrating towards the beach near sunset (4 December 2017 at 6h:30 pm). E, F, Ovigerous females spawning at night (23 November 2017 at 7h:27 pm). Photographs: (A–C) by J.B. Mendonça, (D–F) by A. Pol." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7626311" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7626311/files/figure.png" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Fig. 48B, C</figureCitation>
|
||
) (see also Hartnoll 2010;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDB4B6DA820FFFE05248B3AFDEBFC84" author="Joao, M. C. A. & Kriegler, N. & Freire, A. & Pinheiro, M. A. A." box="[327,515,835,861]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" pagination="256 - 267" refId="ref95515" refString="Joao, M. C. A., Kriegler, N., Freire, A. & Pinheiro, M. A. A. (2021) Mating strategies of the endangered insular land crab Johngarthia lagostoma (H. Milne Edwards, 1837). Invertebrate Reproduction & Development, 65 (4), 256 - 267. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 07924259.2021.1961885" type="journal article" year="2021">
|
||
João
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEA8EA820FFFE05E78B3AFE56FC84" box="[388,446,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2021
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The first gonopod is provided subdistally with a corneous unguis with a distal opening (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13712A19A820FFFE05628B1EFE8DFC58" box="[257,357,871,897]" captionStart="FIGURE 47" captionStartId="87.[151,250,1177,1201]" captionTargetBox="[158,1426,186,1142]" captionTargetId="figure-18@87.[151,1436,181,1153]" captionTargetPageId="87" captionText="FIGURE 47. A–G, Johngarthia lagostoma (H. Milne Edwards, 1837). A, F, Male (MZUSP 9583). B–E, G, Male (MZUSP 21430).A, F, Anterior view of body and second pereopod in lateral view, respectively. B, C, Third maxilliped in ventral and dorsal view, respectively. D, E, Second (Mxp2) and first (Mxp1) maxillipeds in dorsal view, respectively. G, Distal part of the first gonopod in pleonal view. Note in (A) Mxp3 gaping noticably, exposing the mandibles; in (B) small palp and small exopodite devoid of flagellum articulating at the ventral side of the merus and basis, respectively; in (D, E) exopodite of Mxp2 and Mxp1 devoid of flagellum; in (G) corneous unguis with subdistal opening. Scales: A, F, 10 mm. B–E, 5 mm. G, 1.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7626307" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7626307/files/figure.png" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Fig 47G</figureCitation>
|
||
). The populations in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35D760CA820FFFE06368B1EFD25FC58" box="[597,717,871,897]" name="Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Ascension</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Trindade and Martin Vaz are represented by two color morphs (yellow or orange and red or purple) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13712A19A820FFFE06248BF2FD35FC7C" box="[583,733,907,933]" captionStart="FIGURE 46" captionStartId="86.[151,250,1832,1856]" captionTargetBox="[164,1422,181,1808]" captionTargetId="figure-25@86.[164,1422,181,1808]" captionTargetPageId="86" captionText="FIGURE 46. A–I, Johngarthia lagostoma (H. Milne Edwards, 1837), Trindade Island. A, Pico do Desejado, around 600 m high (July 2018). B, Enseada dos Portugueses. Crabs seeking for food at night near the Brazilian Navy facilitiy (November 2017). C, Retreated to its burrow during the heat hours (December 2017). D, Preying upon a newborn sea turtle at night (May 2012). E, F," figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7626305" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7626305/files/figure.png" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Figs. 46B, G</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13712A19A820FFFE068A8BF2FCF3FC7C" box="[745,795,907,933]" captionStart="FIGURE 48" captionStartId="90.[151,250,1546,1570]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1521]" captionTargetId="figure-25@90.[151,1435,181,1521]" captionTargetPageId="90" captionText="FIGURE 48. A–F, Johngarthia lagostoma (H. Milne Edwards, 1837), Trindade Island. A, Males fighting each other to access females (21 November 2014). B, Crabs mating, female on top (19 November 2014). Note both first gonopods (arrow) inserted into the female. C, Mating female in hard-shelled condition separated from male (21 November 2014). Note genital operculum (arrow). D, Ovigerous females migrating towards the beach near sunset (4 December 2017 at 6h:30 pm). E, F, Ovigerous females spawning at night (23 November 2017 at 7h:27 pm). Photographs: (A–C) by J.B. Mendonça, (D–F) by A. Pol." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7626311" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7626311/files/figure.png" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">48A</figureCitation>
|
||
) (see also
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDB4B6DA820FFFE07F58BF2FBDDFC7C" author="Moreira, C." box="[918,1077,907,933]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" pagination="125 - 132" refId="ref101185" refString="Moreira, C. (1920) Faune carcinologique de l'ile de la Trindade. Bulletin de la Societe zoologique de France, 45, 125 - 132." type="journal article" year="1920">Moreira 1920</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Coloration is not sex specific. Contrary to Trindade and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35D760CA820FFFE05DB8BD6FDD8FC10" box="[440,560,943,969]" name="Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Ascension</collectingCountry>
|
||
, where the pale morph is far more common, 56% of the crabs were red/purple in the Rocas Atoll (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDB4B6DA820FFFE050E8BAAFDE5FC37" author="Teixeira, A. L." box="[365,525,979,1006]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" refId="ref109138" refString="Teixeira, A. L. (1996) Aspectos biologicos do caranguejo terrestre Gecarcinus lagostoma (H. M. Milne Edwards, 1837) no Atol das Rocas - Brasil. Master Thesis, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, 155 pp." type="book" year="1996">Teixeira 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Hartnoll
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEA8EA820FFFE06E78BAAFD53FC34" box="[644,699,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2006) speculated that differently from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35D760CA820FFFE001B8BAAFB18FC34" box="[1144,1264,979,1005]" name="Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Ascension</collectingCountry>
|
||
, where the pale coloration might be advantageous to survive the long-exposed breeding migration through bare arid lands, such is not the case in the much smaller Rocas Atoll. The long-exposed breeding migration hypothesis is not supported for Trindade, where the pale morph is far more common and there is no breeding migration through particularly arid land extensions. In Trindade (this study) and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35D760CA820FFFE06A08C1AFCD0FBA4" box="[707,824,1123,1149]" name="Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Ascension</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Hartnoll
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEA8EA820FFFE07CE8C1AFC0DFBA4" box="[941,997,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2006) males and females of both color morphs have been observed copulating with one another. During daylight hours prior to hatching, the ovigerous females remain concealed and do not take food. Near sunset, they migrate towards the beach (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13712A19A820FFFE00D38CD2FAF0FB1C" box="[1200,1304,1195,1221]" captionStart="FIGURE 48" captionStartId="90.[151,250,1546,1570]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1521]" captionTargetId="figure-25@90.[151,1435,181,1521]" captionTargetPageId="90" captionText="FIGURE 48. A–F, Johngarthia lagostoma (H. Milne Edwards, 1837), Trindade Island. A, Males fighting each other to access females (21 November 2014). B, Crabs mating, female on top (19 November 2014). Note both first gonopods (arrow) inserted into the female. C, Mating female in hard-shelled condition separated from male (21 November 2014). Note genital operculum (arrow). D, Ovigerous females migrating towards the beach near sunset (4 December 2017 at 6h:30 pm). E, F, Ovigerous females spawning at night (23 November 2017 at 7h:27 pm). Photographs: (A–C) by J.B. Mendonça, (D–F) by A. Pol." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7626311" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7626311/files/figure.png" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Fig. 48D</figureCitation>
|
||
), but do not release their larvae until it is dark. Hartnoll
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEA8EA820FFFE06E78CB6FD55FB30" box="[644,701,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2006) also recorded breeding activity mainly at night on
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35D760CA820FFFE012E8CB6FF2EFAD4" name="Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Ascension</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<date id="FFF4105CA820FFFE04B78C8AFEBCFAD4" box="[212,340,1266,1293]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" value="2005-04">April 2005</date>
|
||
). The ovigerous females enter the sea facing the incoming water (or side on) and release their eggs (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13712A19A820FFFE04C38D6EFEC8FAE8" box="[160,288,1303,1329]" captionStart="FIGURE 48" captionStartId="90.[151,250,1546,1570]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1521]" captionTargetId="figure-25@90.[151,1435,181,1521]" captionTargetPageId="90" captionText="FIGURE 48. A–F, Johngarthia lagostoma (H. Milne Edwards, 1837), Trindade Island. A, Males fighting each other to access females (21 November 2014). B, Crabs mating, female on top (19 November 2014). Note both first gonopods (arrow) inserted into the female. C, Mating female in hard-shelled condition separated from male (21 November 2014). Note genital operculum (arrow). D, Ovigerous females migrating towards the beach near sunset (4 December 2017 at 6h:30 pm). E, F, Ovigerous females spawning at night (23 November 2017 at 7h:27 pm). Photographs: (A–C) by J.B. Mendonça, (D–F) by A. Pol." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7626311" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7626311/files/figure.png" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Fig. 48E, F</figureCitation>
|
||
) by vigorously shaking their body while helding the chelipeds spread out. Females carry about 72,000 eggs in average (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDB4B6DA820FFFE05308D42FDDDFA8C" author="Hartnoll, R. G. & Broderick, A. C. & Godley, B. J. & Musick, S. & Pearson, M. & Stroud, S. A. & Saunders, K. E." box="[339,565,1339,1365]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" pagination="83 - 92" refId="ref93861" refString="Hartnoll, R. G., Broderick, A. C., Godley, B. J., Musick, S., Pearson, M., Stroud, S. A. & Saunders, K. E. (2010) Reproduction in the land crab Johngarthia lagostoma on Ascension Island. Journal of Crustacean Biology, 30 (1), 83 - 92. https: // doi. org / 10.1651 / 09 - 3143.1" type="journal article" year="2010">
|
||
Hartnoll
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEA8EA820FFFE05DA8D42FE19FA8C" box="[441,497,1339,1365]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2010
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The first zoea stage of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D1FA820FFFE07268D42FC3DFA8C" baseAuthorityName="H. Milne Edwards" baseAuthorityYear="1837" box="[837,981,1339,1365]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gecarcinidae" genus="Johngarthia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lagostoma">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEA8EA820FFFE07268D42FC3DFA8C" box="[837,981,1339,1365]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">J. lagostoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was described only recently (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDB4B6DA820FFFE01428D42FF1DFAA0" author="Colavite, J. & Tavares, M. & Mendonca, J. B. de & Santana, W." pageId="88" pageNumber="89" pagination="767 - 773" refId="ref87410" refString="Colavite, J., Tavares, M., Mendonca, J. B. de & Santana, W. (2021) The first zoeal stage of Johngarthia lagostoma (H. Milne Edwards 1837) (Crustacea: Brachyura: Gecarcinidae), with comments on the validity of the genus. Thalassa, 37, 767 - 773. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 41208 - 021 - 00343 - y" type="journal article" year="2021">
|
||
Colavite
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEA8EA820FFFE01EB8D42FF5CFAA0" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2021
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDB4B6DA820FFFE049C8D26FE44FAA0" author="Lira, S. M. A. & Lima, C. D. M. & Teixeira, I. A. & Schwamborn, R." box="[255,428,1375,1401]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" pagination="192 - 200" refId="ref97701" refString="Lira, S. M. A., Lima, C. D. M., Teixeira, I. A. & Schwamborn, R. (2021) The first zoeal stage of the yellow land crab Johngarthia lagostoma (Milne Edwards, 1837) (Decapoda: Brachyura: Gecarcinidae). Zootaxa, 4990 (1), 192 - 200. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4990.1.13" type="journal article" year="2021">
|
||
Lira
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEA8EA820FFFE05578D26FE83FAA0" box="[308,363,1375,1401]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2021
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In Trindade (this study), spawning migration takes about three consecutive days, the most intenses being the first two days (observations in 2014 and 2017). Egg-laying peaked during the beginning of dark hours (between 6:00 pm and 7:30 pm, Trindade time). Very few males were seen late at night after spawning, but no copulation was observed. In
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35D760CA820FFFE05B68DB2FDA5FA3C" box="[469,589,1483,1509]" name="Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Ascension</collectingCountry>
|
||
, males and females migrate but females are far more common. The effect of moonlight and rainfall in the breeding of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D1FA820FFFE06058D96FD1DF9D0" baseAuthorityName="H. Milne Edwards" baseAuthorityYear="1837" box="[614,757,1519,1545]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gecarcinidae" genus="Johngarthia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lagostoma">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEA8EA820FFFE06058D96FD1DF9D0" box="[614,757,1519,1545]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">J. lagostoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is not obvious (Hartnoll
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEA8EA820FFFE006D8D96FBAEF9D0" box="[1038,1094,1519,1545]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2006).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF5369CA820FFFE04A48E6AFA6FF84C" blockId="88.[151,1437,151,1941]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">
|
||
Recruitment. Apparently, the mass recruitment (well documented for other gecarcinids;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDB4B6DA820FFFE00CE8E6AFADAF9F4" author="Hicks, J. W." box="[1197,1330,1554,1581]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" pagination="127 - 142" refId="ref94536" refString="Hicks, J. W. (1985) The breeding behaviour and migrations of the terrestrial crab Gecarcoidea natalis (Decapoda: Brachyura). Australian Journal of Zoology, 33, 127 - 142. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / ZO 9850127" type="journal article" year="1985">Hicks 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDB4B6DA820FFFE015C8E6AFEDBF98B" author="Hartnoll, R. G. & Clark, P. F." pageId="88" pageNumber="89" pagination="149 - 164" refId="ref93569" refString="Hartnoll, R. G. & Clark, P. F. (2006) A mass recruitment event in the land crab Gecarcinus ruricola (Linnaeus, 1758) (Brachyura: Grapsoidea: Gecarcinidae), and a description of the megalop. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 146, 149 - 164. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.2006.00195. x" type="journal article" year="2006">Hartnoll & Clark 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) is an exceptional event in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D1FA820FFFE06068E4EFD1CF988" baseAuthorityName="H. Milne Edwards" baseAuthorityYear="1837" box="[613,756,1591,1617]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gecarcinidae" genus="Johngarthia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lagostoma">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEA8EA820FFFE06068E4EFD1CF988" box="[613,756,1591,1617]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">J. lagostoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and the effect of the mortality is compensated by the regular trickle recruitment of juveniles. To the best of our knowledge, there is no record in the literature of mass recruitment on Trindade, Rocas Atoll and Fernando de Noronha. The small specimens in
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6C80327A820FFFE00688E06FB88F940" box="[1035,1120,1663,1689]" captionStart="TABLE 4" captionStartId="89.[151,239,151,175]" captionTargetPageId="89" captionText="TABLE 4. Johngarthia lagostoma (H. Milne Edwards, 1837). Carapace width (cw, in millimeters) of specimens collected on Trindade Island in June 2012, July 2013 and July 2015. For additional details on the specimens see under material examined MZUSP 40322, MZUSP 40321, MZUSP 40352, respectively. MZUSP, Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de São Paulo." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF356614A821FFFF04F488EEFEE2FEC2" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" tableUuid="DF356614A821FFFF04F488EEFEE2FEC2">Table 4</tableCitation>
|
||
were probably recruited on Trindade 1–3 years prior to their collection. Recruits are probably naturally infrequent even though they are more cryptic in habitat, hence more easily missed (see also
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDB4B6DA820FFFE06968EBEFC7AF938" author="Moreira, C." box="[757,914,1735,1761]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" pagination="125 - 132" refId="ref101185" refString="Moreira, C. (1920) Faune carcinologique de l'ile de la Trindade. Bulletin de la Societe zoologique de France, 45, 125 - 132." type="journal article" year="1920">Moreira 1920</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Hartnoll
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEA8EA820FFFE00608EBEFBD4F938" box="[1027,1084,1735,1761]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2006). In Trindade, initial crab stages were found in galleries dug by the adults (observations made in 1987). The mass return to land in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D1FA820FFFE01588E92FF27F8F1" baseAuthorityName="H. Milne Edwards" baseAuthorityYear="1837" class="Malacostraca" family="Gecarcinidae" genus="Johngarthia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lagostoma">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEA8EA820FFFE01588E92FF27F8F1" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">J. lagostoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
must indeed be an exceptional event, as it was only once (
|
||
<date id="FFF4105CA820FFFE073A8F76FC0CF8F3" box="[857,996,1807,1834]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" value="1963-03">March 1963</date>
|
||
) recorded on
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35D760CA820FFFE001F8F76FB19F8F0" box="[1148,1265,1807,1833]" name="Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Ascension</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Hartnoll
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEA8EA820FFFE01068F76FA75F8F0" box="[1381,1437,1807,1833]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2006). A study based on the examination of a large number of specimens from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35D760CA820FFFE006B8F4AFB95F894" box="[1032,1149,1843,1869]" name="Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Ascension</collectingCountry>
|
||
revealed very few immature crabs (<cw
|
||
<quantity id="4CB29B79A820FFFE05368F2EFE4DF8A8" box="[341,421,1879,1905]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" unit="mm" value="60.0">60 mm</quantity>
|
||
) suggesting that the crab population on the island is an aging one (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDB4B6DA820FFFE00F68F2EFA90F8A8" author="Hartnoll, R. G. & Broderick, A. C. & Godley, B. J. & Saunders, K. E." box="[1173,1400,1879,1905]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" pagination="57 - 61" refId="ref93793" refString="Hartnoll, R. G., Broderick, A. C., Godley, B. J. & Saunders, K. E. (2009) Population structure of the land crab Johngarthia lagostoma on Ascension Island. Journal of Crustacean Biology, 29 (1), 57 - 61. https: // doi. org / 10.1651 / 08 - 2992.1" type="journal article" year="2009">
|
||
Hartnoll
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEA8EA820FFFE009F8F2EFAC5F8A8" box="[1276,1325,1879,1905]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2009
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). A similar study in regard to Trindade is necessary to provide managers with guidance in setting conservation goals.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF356614A821FFFF04F488EEFEE2FEC2" ID-Table-UUID="DF356614A821FFFF04F488EEFEE2FEC2" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF356614A821FFFF04F488EEFEE2FEC2" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" startId="89.[151,239,151,175]" targetBox="[166,1117,299,686]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="89">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF5369CA821FFFF04F488EEFEE2FEC2" blockId="89.[151,1436,151,283]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEA8EA821FFFF04F488EEFEE1FF76" bold="true" box="[151,265,151,175]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">TABLE 4.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D1FA821FFFF056C88EEFCCBFF76" authority="(H. Milne Edwards, 1837)" baseAuthorityName="H. Milne Edwards" baseAuthorityYear="1837" box="[271,803,151,175]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gecarcinidae" genus="Johngarthia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lagostoma">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEA8EA821FFFF056C88EEFDEDFF76" box="[271,517,151,175]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Johngarthia lagostoma</emphasis>
|
||
(H. Milne Edwards, 1837)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Carapace width (cw, in millimeters) of specimens collected on Trindade Island in June 2012, July 2013 and July 2015. For additional details on the specimens see under material examined MZUSP 40322, MZUSP 40321, MZUSP 40352, respectively. MZUSP, Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de São Paulo.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF5369CA821FFFF05C68952FC7EFD74" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
|
||
<table id="F94AC43CA821005904C58952FBB5FD77" box="[166,1117,299,686]" gridcols="3" gridrows="10" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
|
||
<tr id="357A34DEA821005904C58952FBB5FE9A" box="[166,1117,299,323]" gridrow="0" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" rowspan-0="1">
|
||
<th id="76AB5DA2A821005905C68952FD8DFE9A" box="[421,613,299,323]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Juvenile male (cw)</th>
|
||
<th id="76AB5DA2A821005907EA8952FBB5FE9A" box="[905,1117,299,323]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Juvenile female (cw)</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="357A34DEA821005904C5892AFBB5FEB5" box="[166,1117,339,364]" gridrow="1" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
|
||
<th id="76AB5DA2A821005904C5892AFEE5FEB5" box="[166,269,339,364]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">June 2012</th>
|
||
<td id="76AB5DA2A821005905C6892AFD8DFEB5" box="[421,613,339,364]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">10.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB5DA2A821005907EA892AFBB5FEB5" box="[905,1117,339,364]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">–</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="357A34DEA821005904C58905FBB5FE4D" box="[166,1117,380,404]" gridrow="2" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
|
||
<th id="76AB5DA2A821005904C58905FEE5FE4D" box="[166,269,380,404]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">July 2013</th>
|
||
<td id="76AB5DA2A821005905C68905FD8DFE4D" box="[421,613,380,404]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">–</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB5DA2A821005907EA8905FBB5FE4D" box="[905,1117,380,404]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">cw 26</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="357A34DEA821005904C589DDFBB5FE65" box="[166,1117,420,444]" gridrow="3" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" rowspan-0="1">
|
||
<td id="76AB5DA2A821005905C689DDFD8DFE65" box="[421,613,420,444]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">36</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB5DA2A821005907EA89DDFBB5FE65" box="[905,1117,420,444]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">–</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="357A34DEA821005904C589B5FBB5FE3D" box="[166,1117,460,484]" gridrow="4" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" rowspan-0="1">
|
||
<td id="76AB5DA2A821005905C689B5FD8DFE3D" box="[421,613,460,484]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">38</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB5DA2A821005907EA89B5FBB5FE3D" box="[905,1117,460,484]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">–</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="357A34DEA821005904C5898DFBB5FDD4" box="[166,1117,500,525]" gridrow="5" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
|
||
<th id="76AB5DA2A821005904C5898DFEE5FDD4" box="[166,269,500,525]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">July 2015</th>
|
||
<td id="76AB5DA2A821005905C6898DFD8DFDD4" box="[421,613,500,525]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">–</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB5DA2A821005907EA898DFBB5FDD4" box="[905,1117,500,525]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">23</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="357A34DEA821005904C58A64FBB5FDEC" box="[166,1117,541,565]" gridrow="6" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" rowspan-0="1">
|
||
<td id="76AB5DA2A821005905C68A64FD8DFDEC" box="[421,613,541,565]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">26</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB5DA2A821005907EA8A64FBB5FDEC" box="[905,1117,541,565]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">–</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="357A34DEA821005904C58A3CFBB5FD84" box="[166,1117,581,605]" gridrow="7" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" rowspan-0="1">
|
||
<td id="76AB5DA2A821005905C68A3CFD8DFD84" box="[421,613,581,605]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">27</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB5DA2A821005907EA8A3CFBB5FD84" box="[905,1117,581,605]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">–</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="357A34DEA821005904C58A14FBB5FD5C" box="[166,1117,621,645]" gridrow="8" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" rowspan-0="1">
|
||
<td id="76AB5DA2A821005905C68A14FD8DFD5C" box="[421,613,621,645]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">–</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB5DA2A821005907EA8A14FBB5FD5C" box="[905,1117,621,645]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">27</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="357A34DEA821005904C58AEFFBB5FD77" box="[166,1117,662,686]" gridrow="9" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" rowspan-0="1">
|
||
<td id="76AB5DA2A821005905C68AEFFD8DFD77" box="[421,613,662,686]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">33</td>
|
||
<td id="76AB5DA2A821005907EA8AEFFBB5FD77" box="[905,1117,662,686]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">–</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF5369CA821FFFF04A48AA4FC70FBC1" blockId="89.[151,1437,733,1876]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
|
||
Habitat protection and species conservation.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D1FA821FFFF06B38AA4FC31FD2E" baseAuthorityName="H. Milne Edwards" baseAuthorityYear="1837" box="[720,985,733,759]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gecarcinidae" genus="Johngarthia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lagostoma">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEA8EA821FFFF06B38AA4FC31FD2E" box="[720,985,733,759]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Johngarthia lagostoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is omnivorous but rely heavily on the availability of vegetation for food and, occasionally, for shelter (see above under feeding) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13712A19A821FFFF00FD8B78FAF5FCC5" box="[1182,1309,769,796]" captionStart="FIGURE 46" captionStartId="86.[151,250,1832,1856]" captionTargetBox="[164,1422,181,1808]" captionTargetId="figure-25@86.[164,1422,181,1808]" captionTargetPageId="86" captionText="FIGURE 46. A–I, Johngarthia lagostoma (H. Milne Edwards, 1837), Trindade Island. A, Pico do Desejado, around 600 m high (July 2018). B, Enseada dos Portugueses. Crabs seeking for food at night near the Brazilian Navy facilitiy (November 2017). C, Retreated to its burrow during the heat hours (December 2017). D, Preying upon a newborn sea turtle at night (May 2012). E, F," figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7626305" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7626305/files/figure.png" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Fig. 46H, I</figureCitation>
|
||
). For more than three centuries domestic species introduced into Trindade (e.g. goats, pigs, sheep, donkey, guinea fowl, passerine bird, lizard, cat, mice, some of which became feral) greatly affected the terrestrial biota and reduced the forest cover by more than 80% (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDB4B6DA821FFFF05D88B14FDD2FC5E" author="Lobo, B." box="[443,570,877,903]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" pagination="107 - 158" refId="ref97781" refString="Lobo, B. (1919) Ilha da Trindade. In: Lobo, B. (Ed.), Conferencia sobre a Ilha da Trindade. Archivos do Museu Nacional, 22, 107 - 158." type="journal article" year="1919">Lobo 1919</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDB4B6DA821FFFF06258B14FD0CFC51" author="Oliveira, L. P. H." box="[582,740,877,904]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" pagination="443 - 456" refId="ref102264" refString="Oliveira, L. P. H. (1951) Nota previa sobre a fauna e flora marinha bentonica da Ilha da Trindade. Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, 49, 443 - 456. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0074 - 02761951000100005" type="journal article" year="1951">Oliveira 1951</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDB4B6DA821FFFF068D8B14FC5BFC5E" author="Alves, R. J. V. & Silva, N. G. da & Aguirre-Munoz, A." box="[750,947,877,903]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" pagination="259 - 263" refId="ref84149" refString="Alves, R. J. V., Silva, N. G. da & Aguirre-Munoz, A. (2011) Return of endemic plant populations on Trindade Island, Brazil, with comments on the fauna. In: Veitch, C. R., Clout, M. N. & Towns, D. R. (Eds.), Island invasives: erradication and management. IUCV, Gland, pp. 259 - 263." type="book chapter" year="2011">
|
||
Alves
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEA8EA821FFFF07548B17FC98FC5E" box="[823,880,877,903]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2011
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The eradication of most of these domestic species by the Brazilian Navy years ago led to the rapid revegetation. Hartnoll
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEA8EA821FFFF00698BEBFBABFC72" box="[1034,1091,913,939]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2006) clarified that the distribution of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D1FA821FFFF05658BCFFE7FFC16" baseAuthorityName="H. Milne Edwards" baseAuthorityYear="1837" box="[262,407,949,975]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gecarcinidae" genus="Johngarthia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lagostoma">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEA8EA821FFFF05658BCFFE7FFC16" box="[262,407,949,975]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">J. lagostoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35D760CA821FFFF05D88BCCFDDBFC16" box="[443,563,949,975]" name="Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Ascension</collectingCountry>
|
||
, normally limited to altitudes above
|
||
<quantity id="4CB29B79A821FFFF07B78BCCFBF4FC09" box="[980,1052,949,976]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" unit="m" value="200.0">200 m</quantity>
|
||
is essentially the reflection of the subsistence of the vegetation, constrained to higher altitudes by human activities. Clearly, protection of the vegetation in Trindade is a key step towards the protection of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D1FA821FFFF07628B87FC79FBCE" baseAuthorityName="H. Milne Edwards" baseAuthorityYear="1837" box="[769,913,1021,1047]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gecarcinidae" genus="Johngarthia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lagostoma">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEA8EA821FFFF07628B87FC79FBCE" box="[769,913,1021,1047]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">J. lagostoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF5369CA821FFFF04A48C58FE69FB7E" blockId="89.[151,1437,733,1876]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
|
||
Predators and symbionts. The Atlantic Lesser Frigatebird,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D1FA821FFFF072C8C5BFBE6FBE2" box="[847,1038,1058,1083]" class="Aves" family="Fregatidae" genus="Fregata" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pelecaniformes" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="trinitatis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEA8EA821FFFF072C8C5BFBE6FBE2" box="[847,1038,1058,1083]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Fregata trinitatis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, was observed to drop
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D1FA821FFFF016D8C5BFA75FBE2" baseAuthorityName="H. Milne Edwards" baseAuthorityYear="1837" box="[1294,1437,1057,1083]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gecarcinidae" genus="Johngarthia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lagostoma">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEA8EA821FFFF016D8C5BFA75FBE2" box="[1294,1437,1057,1083]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">J. lagostoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<quantity id="4CB29B79A821FFFF04B68C3CFEF4FBB9" box="[213,284,1093,1120]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" unit="m" value="3.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="3.0">3–4 m</quantity>
|
||
high to break and eat them (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDB4B6DA821FFFF063E8C3CFD35FB86" author="Lobo, B." box="[605,733,1093,1119]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" pagination="107 - 158" refId="ref97781" refString="Lobo, B. (1919) Ilha da Trindade. In: Lobo, B. (Ed.), Conferencia sobre a Ilha da Trindade. Archivos do Museu Nacional, 22, 107 - 158." type="journal article" year="1919">Lobo 1919</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDB4B6DA821FFFF06938C3CFC62FBB9" author="Baylis, H. A." box="[752,906,1093,1120]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" pagination="13 - 18" refId="ref84914" refString="Baylis, H. A. (1915) Oligochaeta. Natural History Report, British Antarctic (' Terra Nova ") Expedition, 1910, Zoology, 2 (2), 13 - 18." type="journal article" year="1915">Baylis (1915)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
found the oligochaete worm,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D1FA821FFFF00B88C3CFEB6FB5A" authority="Baylis" authorityName="Baylis" authorityYear="1915" class="Clitellata" family="Enchytraeidae" genus="Enchytraeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enchytraeida" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="carcinophilus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEA8EA821FFFF00B88C3CFEE4FB5A" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Enchytraeus carcinophilus</emphasis>
|
||
Baylis
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, living in the interior of the gill chamber of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D1FA821FFFF073A8C13FC02FB5A" baseAuthorityName="H. Milne Edwards" baseAuthorityYear="1837" box="[857,1002,1129,1155]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gecarcinidae" genus="Johngarthia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lagostoma">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEA8EA821FFFF073A8C13FC02FB5A" box="[857,1002,1129,1155]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">J. lagostoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
collected between
|
||
<quantity id="4CB29B79A821FFFF00A68C10FAE6FB5D" box="[1221,1294,1129,1156]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" unit="m" value="450.0">450 m</quantity>
|
||
to
|
||
<quantity id="4CB29B79A821FFFF01578C10FA95FB5D" box="[1332,1405,1129,1156]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" unit="m" value="600.0">600 m</quantity>
|
||
of altitude on Trindade.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF5369CA821FFFF04A48CC8FE6DFB36" blockId="89.[151,1437,733,1876]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDB4B6DA821FFFF04A48CC8FE06FB12" author="Manning, R. B. & Chace, F. A. Jr." box="[199,494,1201,1227]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" pagination="1 - 91" refId="ref98377" refString="Manning, R. B. & Chace, F. A. Jr. (1990) Decapod and stomatopod Crustacea from Ascension Island, South Atlantic Ocean. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 503, 1 - 91. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00810282.503" type="journal article" year="1990">Manning & Chace (1990)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
summarized the scattered information accumulated for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D1FA821FFFF00138CCBFAE9FB12" baseAuthorityName="H. Milne Edwards" baseAuthorityYear="1837" box="[1136,1281,1201,1227]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gecarcinidae" genus="Johngarthia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lagostoma">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEA8EA821FFFF00138CCBFAE9FB12" box="[1136,1281,1201,1227]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">J. lagostoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35D760CA821FFFF014B8CC8FA75FB12" box="[1320,1437,1201,1227]" name="Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Ascension</collectingCountry>
|
||
since
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDB4B6DA821FFFF04BB8CACFE68FB36" author="Darwin, C." box="[216,384,1237,1263]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" refId="ref88083" refString="Darwin, C. (1839) Journal of Researches into the Natural History and Geology of the Countries Visited During the Voyage of HMS. Beagle Round the World, under the Command of Captain Fitz Roy, RN. John Murray, London, x + 547 pp. [Reprinted June 1913]" type="book" year="1839">Darwin (1839)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3506517A821FFFF04A48C80FD47F88D" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF5369CA821FFFF04A48C80FE35FA7A" blockId="89.[151,1437,733,1876]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEA8EA821FFFF04A48C80FED3FACA" bold="true" box="[199,315,1273,1299]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
H. Milne Edwards (1837: 27) described
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D1FA821FFFF077B8C80FBF7FACA" baseAuthorityName="H. Milne Edwards" baseAuthorityYear="1837" box="[792,1055,1273,1299]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gecarcinidae" genus="Johngarthia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lagostoma">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEA8EA821FFFF077B8C80FBF7FACA" box="[792,1055,1273,1299]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Johngarthia lagostoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D1FA821FFFF00308C80FABAFACA" authorityName="H. Milne Edwards" authorityYear="1837" box="[1107,1362,1273,1299]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gecarcinidae" genus="Gecarcinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lagostoma">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEA8EA821FFFF00308C80FABAFACA" box="[1107,1362,1273,1299]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Gecarcinus lagostoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) upon material presented by Quoy and Gaimard and gave “l’Australasie” as the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F1883EA821FFFF07A18D67FC1AFAE1" box="[962,1010,1310,1336]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality (Jean Ren Constant Quoy and Joseph Paul Gaimard were naturalists aboard the voyage of the “L’Astrolabe”). H. Milne Edwards also described the Indo-West Pacific
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D1FA821FFFF05F58D1CFD6EFAA6" authorityName="H. Milne Edwards" authorityYear="1837" box="[406,646,1381,1407]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gecarcinidae" genus="Gecarcoidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lalandii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEA8EA821FFFF05F58D1CFD6EFAA6" box="[406,646,1381,1407]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Gecarcoidea lalandii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and stated “
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35D760CA821FFFF07768D1CFCB5FAA6" box="[789,861,1381,1407]" name="Brazil" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Brésil</collectingCountry>
|
||
” as the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F1883EA821FFFF07D88D1FFC03FA59" box="[955,1003,1382,1408]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality. This mistake was previously identified by several authors.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF5369CA821FFFF04A48DD4FD47F88D" blockId="89.[151,1437,733,1876]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
|
||
Judging from H. Milne Edwards’ (1837) statement (viz. “
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35D760CA821FFFF075C8DD4FC61FA11" box="[831,905,1453,1480]" name="Brazil" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Brésil</collectingCountry>
|
||
”), Trindade was likely candidate for the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F1883EA821FFFF01248DD7FA9FFA11" box="[1351,1399,1454,1480]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D1FA821FFFF04998DABFE60FA32" authorityName="H. Milne Edwards" authorityYear="1837" box="[250,392,1489,1515]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gecarcinidae" genus="Gecarcinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lagostoma">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEA8EA821FFFF04998DABFE60FA32" box="[250,392,1489,1515]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">J. lagostoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as L’Astrolabe is known to have approached this island. However, according to L’Astrolabe’s commander Dumont D’Urville the expedition actually never landed in Trindade: “J’avais le dessein de tenter une excursion à la côte [of Trindade] avec les naturalistes; mais le ressac y était si violent, et la mer brisait avec tant de fureur sur tous ses points, que je ne jugeai pas à propos d’y hasarder une embarcation.” (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDB4B6DA821FFFF001F8E44FF5FF9A2" author="Dumont D'Urville, J." pageId="89" pageNumber="90" refId="ref88867" refString="Dumont D'Urville, J. (1830) Voyage de la corvette L'Astrolabe execut par ordre du Roi, pendant les annees 1826, 1827, 1828, 1829, sous le commandement de M. J. Dumont D'Urville. Histoire du Voyage. Tome Premier. J. Tastu, Paris, xlvi + 528 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 2132" type="book" year="1830">Dumont D’Urville, 1830: 70</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Indeed, the vessel departed from Toulon on
|
||
<date id="FFF4105CA821FFFF06DC8E18FCB5F9A2" box="[703,861,1633,1659]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" value="1826-04-22">22 April 1826</date>
|
||
but contrary winds delayed the expedition so long that L’Astrolabe approached Trindade only three months later, on 31 July. From there, L’Astrolabe sailed non-stop to Port du Roi Georges (currently Albany, western Australia) where it arrived on 7 October. In her way back to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35D760CA821FFFF04F48EB7FF0BF931" box="[151,227,1742,1768]" name="France" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">France</collectingCountry>
|
||
in 1829, L’Astrolabe stoped at the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35D760CA821FFFF061B8EB4FCD2F93E" box="[632,826,1741,1767]" name="Ascension Island" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Ascension Island</collectingCountry>
|
||
where numerous natural history specimens were collected (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDB4B6DA821FFFF048B8E88FE1EF8D2" author="Quoy, J. R. C. & Gaimard, J. P." box="[232,502,1777,1803]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" refId="ref103893" refString="Quoy, J. R. C. & Gaimard, J. P. (1833) Zoologie: Zoophytes. Voyage de 1 a corvette de I'Astrolabe, execute par ordre du Roi pendant les annees 1826 - 1829 sous le commandement de M. J. Dumont d'Urville. s. n., Paris, 390 pp." type="book" year="1833">Quoy & Gaimard, 1833</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), among which possibly the material used by H. Milne Edwards (1837) in the original description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D1FA821FFFF05008F6FFE1BF8F6" authorityName="H. Milne Edwards" authorityYear="1837" box="[355,499,1813,1839]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gecarcinidae" genus="Gecarcinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lagostoma">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEA8EA821FFFF05008F6FFE1BF8F6" box="[355,499,1813,1839]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">J. lagostoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Therefore, we agree with
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDB4B6DA821FFFF07408F6CFBBFF8F6" author="Manning, R. B. & Chace, F. A. Jr." box="[803,1111,1813,1839]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" pagination="1 - 91" refId="ref98377" refString="Manning, R. B. & Chace, F. A. Jr. (1990) Decapod and stomatopod Crustacea from Ascension Island, South Atlantic Ocean. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 503, 1 - 91. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00810282.503" type="journal article" year="1990">Manning & Chace’s (1990)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
suggestion that
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35D760CA821FFFF016E8F6CFA6AF8F6" box="[1293,1410,1813,1839]" name="Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Ascension</collectingCountry>
|
||
is most probably the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F1883EA821FFFF050B8F43FE70F88D" box="[360,408,1850,1876]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D1FA821FFFF067A8F43FD40F88A" authorityName="H. Milne Edwards" authorityYear="1837" box="[537,680,1849,1875]" class="Malacostraca" family="Gecarcinidae" genus="Gecarcinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lagostoma">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEA8EA821FFFF067A8F43FD40F88A" box="[537,680,1849,1875]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">J. lagostoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |