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<document id="9A259C2B23431AB9E954A4B9E488230C" ID-CLB-Dataset="54779" ID-DOI="10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad009" ID-GBIF-Dataset="4c065cc9-0f2c-4e04-9141-c36bf101c3d5" ID-ISSN="0024-4082" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8152364" ID-ZooBank="A2863AB5-855B-4549-89EC-A57C46140CD9" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="carolina" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.metadata_approvedBy="carolina" IM.tables_approvedBy="carolina" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="carolina" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="carolina" checkinTime="1689235433146" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Kolbasov, Gregory A., Savchenko, Alexandra S., Yu, Meng-Chen, Tsao, Yao-Feng, Ganmanee, Monthon &amp; Chan, Benny K. K." docDate="2023" docId="03FA8E1EAB4AFF8646E9FE79FDDDF973" docLanguage="en" docName="zlad009.pdf" docOrigin="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 198" docStyle="DocumentStyle:36B3BD6A90C22AB4F7F465C853188CC8.7:ZoolJLinnSoc.2017-.journal_article" docStyleId="36B3BD6A90C22AB4F7F465C853188CC8" docStyleName="ZoolJLinnSoc.2017-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="7" docTitle="Petrarca morula Grygier 1985" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="780" masterDocId="FFC3F666AB40FF8B4617FFCFFFDEFFB3" masterDocTitle="Integrative taxonomy, larval biology and functional morphology of the little known gall-forming coral endoparasite Petrarca (Thecostraca: Ascothoracida)" masterLastPageNumber="801" masterPageNumber="767" pageNumber="777" updateTime="1689529875860" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="13D2CECD8AB32327A3044211B227A4E2">Integrative taxonomy, larval biology and functional morphology of the little known gall-forming coral endoparasite Petrarca (Thecostraca: Ascothoracida)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="D8C3432DF063ED2E00166361D171D003">Savchenko, Alexandra S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="0298B0EA19E21133F635CD12A3750ADC">Chan, Benny K. K.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="94CCDF461C936C01F32ED5FF3A5D8C40">2023</mods:date>
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<taxonomicName id="4C53448BAB4AFF8146E9FE79FD55FE7D" authority="GRYGIER, 1985" authorityName="Grygier" authorityYear="1985" box="[254,651,437,462]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Petrarcidae" genus="Petrarca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Laurida" pageId="10" pageNumber="777" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morula">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC242F9AB4AFF8147F7FE7AFD55FE7D" author="Grygier MJ" box="[480,651,437,462]" pageId="10" pageNumber="777" pagination="1029 - 1043" refId="ref15021" refString="Grygier MJ. 1985. New ascothoracid crustacean endoparasites of Scleractinia. Journal of Natural History 19: 1029 - 1043." type="journal article" year="1985">
<smallCapsWord id="8D0AA9D4AB4AFF8147F7FE7AFD98FE7F" baselines="456,455" box="[480,582,437,462]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Grygier" pageId="10" pageNumber="777">GRYGIER</smallCapsWord>
, 1985
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(
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB4AFF814764FE14FE0FFE47" box="[371,465,475,500]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="2.[145,221,1834,1856]" captionTargetBox="[202,1368,204,1800]" captionTargetId="figure-24@2.[201,1368,201,1804]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 1. Species of the genus Petrarca (Thecostraca: Ascothoracida) endoparasitic in Turbinaria corals in Taiwan. A, globular galls (circled) formed by Petrarca on the surface of Turbinaria coral (modified after Kolbasov et al., 2021). B, gall formed by Petrarca on the coral surface. C, underneath the gall chipped off from coral shows two individuals of Petrarca goana (indicated by" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152366" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152366/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="777">
<smallCapsWord id="8D0AA9D4AB4AFF814764FE14FE77FE40" baselines="494,494" box="[371,425,475,500]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Figs" pageId="10" pageNumber="777">FIGS</smallCapsWord>
1G
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,
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB4AFF8147C9FE14FDC8FE47" box="[478,534,475,500]" captionStart-0="Figure 8" captionStart-1="Figure 9" captionStart-2="Figure 10" captionStart-3="Figure 11" captionStart-4="Figure 12" captionStart-5="Figure 13" captionStartId-0="11.[162,240,1188,1210]" captionStartId-1="12.[145,218,1836,1858]" captionStartId-2="13.[164,243,717,739]" captionStartId-3="14.[145,222,1769,1791]" captionStartId-4="15.[163,242,1809,1831]" captionStartId-5="16.[144,224,1653,1675]" captionTargetBox-0="[323,1283,195,1158]" captionTargetBox-1="[160,1410,204,1804]" captionTargetBox-2="[322,1282,198,684]" captionTargetBox-3="[145,1425,201,1740]" captionTargetBox-4="[163,1441,197,1788]" captionTargetBox-5="[209,1361,603,1623]" captionTargetId-0="figure-376@11.[323,1283,195,1158]" captionTargetId-1="figure-24@12.[157,1413,201,1807]" captionTargetId-2="figure-623@13.[319,1285,195,687]" captionTargetId-3="figure-25@14.[145,1425,201,1740]" captionTargetId-4="figure-25@15.[163,1443,197,1788]" captionTargetId-5="figure-216@16.[209,1361,603,1623]" captionTargetPageId-0="11" captionTargetPageId-1="12" captionTargetPageId-2="13" captionTargetPageId-3="14" captionTargetPageId-4="15" captionTargetPageId-5="16" captionText-0="Figure 8. Petrarca morula, general view, light microscopy.A, B, lateral view, right and left sides. C, dorsal view, anterior end on the left. D, ventral view, anterior end on the right. Abbreviations: pe, penis. Scale bar in µm." captionText-1="Figure 9. Petrarcamorula, antennules and mouthparts.A,right antennule,segmentsnumbered.B,C, terminal(fifth) segmentsofright and left antennules respectively,lateral view.D, labrum, lateral view.E, mandible.F, maxillule.G, cutting edge of maxillule.H, maxillae. Abbreviations:ae, aesthetasc;cl, claw;clg, claw guard;ml, medial languette; mo, mouth opening;oe, oesophagus.Scale bars in µm." captionText-2="Figure 10. Petrarca morula, thoracopods, penis and abdomen. A, rudimentary setiform thoracopod 1. B, left thoracopods 2–6 (numbered) with groups of seminal receptacles. C, rudimentary abdomen, segments numbered. D, distal part of penis. Abbreviations: sr, seminal receptacles. Scale bars in µm." captionText-3="Figure 11. Petrarcamorula, general view and mantle (carapace)structures, SEM.A, habitus, lateral view,right side.B, external surface of mantle, central part (papillae coloured in magenta, micropores between bumps coloured in green). C, micropore enlarged from (B). D, external surface of mantle with conspicuous papillae, ventral side. E, tip of papilla with micropore (indicated by arrowhead). F, left valve of carapace, lateral view of internal surface. G, I, ctenoid scales in anteriodorsal and central parts of internal side of carapace respectively. H, cuticle in posterior part of internal side of carapace. Scale bars in µm." captionText-4="Figure 12. Petrarca morula, body proper, antennules and oral cone, SEM. A, body proper, lateral view, right side. B, right antennule, segments numbered, lateral view. C, rudimentary seta on fourth antennular segment. D, micropores (encircled) on lateral side in proximal half of fifth antennular segment. E, micropore of fifth antennular segment enlarged from (D). F, distal part of fifth antennular segment with claw and claw guard, reduced setae indicated by arrowheads. G, wrinkled" captionText-5="Figure 13. Petrarca morula, rudimentary thoracopods, abdomen and penis, SEM. A, thoracopod 2. B, ctenoid scales on thoracopod 2 enlarged from (A). C, distal part of penis. D, rudimentary abdomen, segments numbered. E, F, tiny pores and ctenoid scales on abdominal segment 3, respectively. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152388" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152392" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152398" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152400" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152402" figureDoi-5="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152404" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/8152388/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/8152392/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/8152398/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/8152400/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/8152402/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/8152404/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="777">8–13</figureCitation>
)
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<treatmentCitation id="0AF21919AB4AFF814686FDCAFD7BFDA9" author="Grygier MJ" box="[145,677,516,538]" page="1038" pageId="10" pageNumber="777" year="1985">
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<emphasis id="B927E31AAB4AFF814686FDCAFE85FDAA" box="[145,347,516,538]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="777">Petrarca morula</emphasis>
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, fig. 6,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC242F9AB4AFF814686FDECFDDFFD8A" author="Grygier MJ &amp; Nojima S" box="[145,513,547,569]" pageId="10" pageNumber="777" pagination="83 - 101" refId="ref15422" refString="Grygier MJ, Nojima S. 1995. Petrarcid galls and Petrarcidae (Crustacea: Ascothoracida) in some scleractinian corals from Japan. Galaxea 12: 83 - 101." type="journal article" year="1995">Grygier &amp; Nojima, 1995: 93–96</bibRefCitation>
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, fig. 18 (probably another species).
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</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="B927E31AAB4AFF814686FDB4FEA3FD23" box="[145,381,635,656]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="777">Material examined:</emphasis>
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specimens in
<taxonomicName id="4C53448BAB4AFF814464FDB4FDC4FD1C" authority="Bruggemann, 1877" authorityName="Bruggemann" authorityYear="1877" class="Anthozoa" family="Dendrophylliidae" genus="Turbinaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="10" pageNumber="777" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="bifrons">
<emphasis id="B927E31AAB4AFF814464FDB4FF2BFD1C" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="777">Turbinaria bifrons</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC242F9AB4AFF81471FFD55FDC4FD1C" author="Bruggemann F" box="[264,538,665,687]" pageId="10" pageNumber="777" pagination="415 - 421" refId="ref14531" refString="Bruggemann F. 1877. Notes on the stony corals in the collection of the British Museum. I. Description of two new species of Turbinariidae. II. Remarks on the species of Seriatopora. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 4. 19: 415 - 421." type="journal article" year="1877">Brüggemann, 1877</bibRefCitation>
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,
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22 ° 40
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39.2
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N
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,
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121°28
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57.2
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E
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,
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(L
<emphasis id="B927E31AAB4AFF81442DFD78FD99FD7D" box="[570,583,695,718]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="777">ǜ</emphasis>
d
<emphasis id="B927E31AAB4AFF81444EFD77FDBAFD7E" box="[601,612,696,717]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="777">ǎ</emphasis>
o),
<collectingCountry id="F3447F98AB4AFF814485FD77FD2CFD7D" box="[658,754,696,718]" name="Taiwan" pageId="10" pageNumber="777">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
,
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<collectingDate id="EFA9E020AB4AFF814686FD18FED0FD5E" box="[145,270,727,749]" pageId="10" pageNumber="777" value="2015-04-24">24.04.2015</collectingDate>
</date>
, at a depth of
<quantity id="4CAB92EDAB4AFF8147B8FD18FDD8FD5F" box="[431,518,727,748]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="0.4" pageId="10" pageNumber="777" unit="m" value="12.0" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="4.0">
<elevation id="007ED83BAB4AFF8147B8FD18FDD8FD5F" box="[431,518,727,748]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="0.4" pageId="10" pageNumber="777" unit="m" value="12.0" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="4.0">4–20 m</elevation>
</quantity>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEC3F08AB4AFF8146BEFD39FE89FCFA" blockId="10.[145,762,635,841]" pageId="10" pageNumber="777">
Here we provide additional descriptions based on SEM analysis that supplements
<bibRefCitation id="EFC242F9AB4AFF814419FCDBFD16FC99" author="Grygier MJ" box="[526,712,788,810]" pageId="10" pageNumber="777" pagination="1029 - 1043" refId="ref15021" refString="Grygier MJ. 1985. New ascothoracid crustacean endoparasites of Scleractinia. Journal of Natural History 19: 1029 - 1043." type="journal article" year="1985">Grygier’s (1985)</bibRefCitation>
original description.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEC3F08AB4AFF814686FCA8FD02FB86" blockId="10.[145,761,871,1077]" pageId="10" pageNumber="777">
<emphasis id="B927E31AAB4AFF814686FCA8FECCFCCF" box="[145,274,871,892]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="777">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
Carapace spherical, with large lumpy inflations, without radial ridges; carapace margin not crenulated; ventral side of carapace with large conical papillae, lateral surface with small papillae. Mandibles with 10–14 sharp, simple teeth; maxillules with small denticles; six pairs of thoracopods, first thoracopod setiform; penis with relatively small, rounded rami.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEC3F08AB4AFF81453EFF09FA5AFC92" blockId="10.[809,1426,197,1078]" pageId="10" pageNumber="777">
<emphasis id="B927E31AAB4AFF81453EFF09FC1AFF68" box="[809,964,198,219]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="777">Description:</emphasis>
Living specimens pink, with dark inclusions at the anterior part of carapace (
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB4AFF81433BFF2BFA5FFF4A" box="[1324,1409,228,250]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="2.[145,221,1834,1856]" captionTargetBox="[202,1368,204,1800]" captionTargetId="figure-24@2.[201,1368,201,1804]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 1. Species of the genus Petrarca (Thecostraca: Ascothoracida) endoparasitic in Turbinaria corals in Taiwan. A, globular galls (circled) formed by Petrarca on the surface of Turbinaria coral (modified after Kolbasov et al., 2021). B, gall formed by Petrarca on the coral surface. C, underneath the gall chipped off from coral shows two individuals of Petrarca goana (indicated by" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152366" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152366/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="777">Fig. 1G</figureCitation>
); tip of penis often extending out of carapace (
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB4AFF814328FECCFA5CFEAB" box="[1343,1410,259,281]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="11.[162,240,1188,1210]" captionTargetBox="[323,1283,195,1158]" captionTargetId="figure-376@11.[323,1283,195,1158]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 8. Petrarca morula, general view, light microscopy.A, B, lateral view, right and left sides. C, dorsal view, anterior end on the left. D, ventral view, anterior end on the right. Abbreviations: pe, penis. Scale bar in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152388" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152388/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="777">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
). Adult (mature) specimens
<quantity id="4CAB92EDAB4AFF81427DFEEEFACFFE84" box="[1130,1297,289,311]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.275" metricValueMax="2.42" metricValueMin="2.13" pageId="10" pageNumber="777" unit="mm" value="2.275" valueMax="2.42" valueMin="2.13">2.13–2.42 mm</quantity>
long (
<quantity id="4CAB92EDAB4AFF814349FEEEFC5DFEE6" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.8" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="10" pageNumber="777" unit="mm" value="2.5" valueMax="3.8" valueMin="1.2">1.2– 3.8 mm</quantity>
from the Grygier material),
<quantity id="4CAB92EDAB4AFF8142F1FE8FFA4EFEE6" box="[1254,1424,320,342]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.905" metricValueMax="1.96" metricValueMin="1.85" pageId="10" pageNumber="777" unit="mm" value="1.905" valueMax="1.96" valueMin="1.85">1.85–1.96 mm</quantity>
high (0.9–4.0 mm from the Grygier material), 2.00–
<quantity id="4CAB92EDAB4AFF81453EFEB2FC55FE20" box="[809,907,381,403]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.24" pageId="10" pageNumber="777" unit="mm" value="2.24">2.24 mm</quantity>
wide (1.0–
<quantity id="4CAB92EDAB4AFF814212FEB2FB85FE20" box="[1029,1115,381,403]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.6" pageId="10" pageNumber="777" unit="mm" value="4.6">4.6 mm</quantity>
from the Grygier material) (
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB4AFF814526FE53FCA9FE02" box="[817,887,412,434]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="11.[162,240,1188,1210]" captionTargetBox="[323,1283,195,1158]" captionTargetId="figure-376@11.[323,1283,195,1158]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 8. Petrarca morula, general view, light microscopy.A, B, lateral view, right and left sides. C, dorsal view, anterior end on the left. D, ventral view, anterior end on the right. Abbreviations: pe, penis. Scale bar in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152388" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152388/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="777">Figs 8</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB4AFF814593FE53FC6FFE02" box="[900,945,412,433]" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="14.[145,222,1769,1791]" captionTargetBox="[145,1425,201,1740]" captionTargetId="figure-25@14.[145,1425,201,1740]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 11. Petrarcamorula, general view and mantle (carapace)structures, SEM.A, habitus, lateral view,right side.B, external surface of mantle, central part (papillae coloured in magenta, micropores between bumps coloured in green). C, micropore enlarged from (B). D, external surface of mantle with conspicuous papillae, ventral side. E, tip of papilla with micropore (indicated by arrowhead). F, left valve of carapace, lateral view of internal surface. G, I, ctenoid scales in anteriodorsal and central parts of internal side of carapace respectively. H, cuticle in posterior part of internal side of carapace. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152400" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152400/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="777">11A</figureCitation>
). Carapace (
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB4AFF814254FE53FB57FE02" box="[1091,1161,412,434]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="11.[162,240,1188,1210]" captionTargetBox="[323,1283,195,1158]" captionTargetId="figure-376@11.[323,1283,195,1158]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 8. Petrarca morula, general view, light microscopy.A, B, lateral view, right and left sides. C, dorsal view, anterior end on the left. D, ventral view, anterior end on the right. Abbreviations: pe, penis. Scale bar in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152388" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152388/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="777">Figs 8</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB4AFF814281FE53FB1DFE02" box="[1174,1219,412,433]" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="14.[145,222,1769,1791]" captionTargetBox="[145,1425,201,1740]" captionTargetId="figure-25@14.[145,1425,201,1740]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 11. Petrarcamorula, general view and mantle (carapace)structures, SEM.A, habitus, lateral view,right side.B, external surface of mantle, central part (papillae coloured in magenta, micropores between bumps coloured in green). C, micropore enlarged from (B). D, external surface of mantle with conspicuous papillae, ventral side. E, tip of papilla with micropore (indicated by arrowhead). F, left valve of carapace, lateral view of internal surface. G, I, ctenoid scales in anteriodorsal and central parts of internal side of carapace respectively. H, cuticle in posterior part of internal side of carapace. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152400" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152400/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="777">11A</figureCitation>
) spherical; valves with conspicuous rounded lumpy inflations (8–14), without radial ridges, dorsal and posterior margins not crenulated; long, conical papillae with a tiny terminal pore on anterior half of ventral margin (
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB4AFF814317FDD8FA5CFD9F" box="[1280,1410,535,557]" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="14.[145,222,1769,1791]" captionTargetBox="[145,1425,201,1740]" captionTargetId="figure-25@14.[145,1425,201,1740]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 11. Petrarcamorula, general view and mantle (carapace)structures, SEM.A, habitus, lateral view,right side.B, external surface of mantle, central part (papillae coloured in magenta, micropores between bumps coloured in green). C, micropore enlarged from (B). D, external surface of mantle with conspicuous papillae, ventral side. E, tip of papilla with micropore (indicated by arrowhead). F, left valve of carapace, lateral view of internal surface. G, I, ctenoid scales in anteriodorsal and central parts of internal side of carapace respectively. H, cuticle in posterior part of internal side of carapace. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152400" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152400/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="777">Fig. 11A, D</figureCitation>
). Cuticle on the lateral external and posteriodorsal internal surfaces of carapace with dense, polygonal, small swellings or bumps (
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB4AFF814240FDBCFB08FD3B" box="[1111,1238,627,649]" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="14.[145,222,1769,1791]" captionTargetBox="[145,1425,201,1740]" captionTargetId="figure-25@14.[145,1425,201,1740]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 11. Petrarcamorula, general view and mantle (carapace)structures, SEM.A, habitus, lateral view,right side.B, external surface of mantle, central part (papillae coloured in magenta, micropores between bumps coloured in green). C, micropore enlarged from (B). D, external surface of mantle with conspicuous papillae, ventral side. E, tip of papilla with micropore (indicated by arrowhead). F, left valve of carapace, lateral view of internal surface. G, I, ctenoid scales in anteriodorsal and central parts of internal side of carapace respectively. H, cuticle in posterior part of internal side of carapace. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152400" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152400/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="777">Fig. 11B, H</figureCitation>
). Small volcano-shaped papillae with tiny a terminal pore and microscopic pores inserted between bumps on external surface of carapace (
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB4AFF814233FD01FB15FD57" box="[1060,1227,718,740]" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="14.[145,222,1769,1791]" captionTargetBox="[145,1425,201,1740]" captionTargetId="figure-25@14.[145,1425,201,1740]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 11. Petrarcamorula, general view and mantle (carapace)structures, SEM.A, habitus, lateral view,right side.B, external surface of mantle, central part (papillae coloured in magenta, micropores between bumps coloured in green). C, micropore enlarged from (B). D, external surface of mantle with conspicuous papillae, ventral side. E, tip of papilla with micropore (indicated by arrowhead). F, left valve of carapace, lateral view of internal surface. G, I, ctenoid scales in anteriodorsal and central parts of internal side of carapace respectively. H, cuticle in posterior part of internal side of carapace. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152400" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152400/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="777">Fig. 11B, C, E</figureCitation>
). Thin cuticular lining (mantle) of inner surface of carapace with rows of dense ctenoid scales in central part (
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB4AFF8142F3FCC3FAAAFC92" box="[1252,1396,780,802]" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="14.[145,222,1769,1791]" captionTargetBox="[145,1425,201,1740]" captionTargetId="figure-25@14.[145,1425,201,1740]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 11. Petrarcamorula, general view and mantle (carapace)structures, SEM.A, habitus, lateral view,right side.B, external surface of mantle, central part (papillae coloured in magenta, micropores between bumps coloured in green). C, micropore enlarged from (B). D, external surface of mantle with conspicuous papillae, ventral side. E, tip of papilla with micropore (indicated by arrowhead). F, left valve of carapace, lateral view of internal surface. G, I, ctenoid scales in anteriodorsal and central parts of internal side of carapace respectively. H, cuticle in posterior part of internal side of carapace. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152400" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152400/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="777">Fig. 11F, G, I</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEC3F08AB4AFF814556FCE5FB8EFB86" blockId="10.[809,1426,197,1078]" pageId="10" pageNumber="777">
Body inflated, curved, enclosed between carapace valves, tip of penis almost adjoins oral cone (
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB4AFF814355FC86FA54FCED" box="[1346,1418,841,863]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="11.[162,240,1188,1210]" captionTargetBox="[323,1283,195,1158]" captionTargetId="figure-376@11.[323,1283,195,1158]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 8. Petrarca morula, general view, light microscopy.A, B, lateral view, right and left sides. C, dorsal view, anterior end on the left. D, ventral view, anterior end on the right. Abbreviations: pe, penis. Scale bar in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152388" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152388/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="777">Figs 8</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB4AFF81453EFCA7FC86FCCE" box="[809,856,872,893]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="15.[163,242,1809,1831]" captionTargetBox="[163,1441,197,1788]" captionTargetId="figure-25@15.[163,1443,197,1788]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 12. Petrarca morula, body proper, antennules and oral cone, SEM. A, body proper, lateral view, right side. B, right antennule, segments numbered, lateral view. C, rudimentary seta on fourth antennular segment. D, micropores (encircled) on lateral side in proximal half of fifth antennular segment. E, micropore of fifth antennular segment enlarged from (D). F, distal part of fifth antennular segment with claw and claw guard, reduced setae indicated by arrowheads. G, wrinkled" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152402" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152402/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="777">12A</figureCitation>
). Cephalon with large adductor muscle lying above big oral cone flanked by five-segmented antennules. Thorax with sinusoid arched dorsal margin, without distinct segmentation, with clusters of rudimentary uniramous thoracopods (
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB4AFF8142A7FC2DFAD1FC4B" box="[1200,1295,994,1016]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="15.[163,242,1809,1831]" captionTargetBox="[163,1441,197,1788]" captionTargetId="figure-25@15.[163,1443,197,1788]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 12. Petrarca morula, body proper, antennules and oral cone, SEM. A, body proper, lateral view, right side. B, right antennule, segments numbered, lateral view. C, rudimentary seta on fourth antennular segment. D, micropores (encircled) on lateral side in proximal half of fifth antennular segment. E, micropore of fifth antennular segment enlarged from (D). F, distal part of fifth antennular segment with claw and claw guard, reduced setae indicated by arrowheads. G, wrinkled" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152402" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152402/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="777">Fig. 12A</figureCitation>
). Abdomen with massive first segment bearing long penis and vestigial rear part (
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB4AFF8145F5FBEFFB9EFB86" box="[994,1088,1056,1078]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="15.[163,242,1809,1831]" captionTargetBox="[163,1441,197,1788]" captionTargetId="figure-25@15.[163,1443,197,1788]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 12. Petrarca morula, body proper, antennules and oral cone, SEM. A, body proper, lateral view, right side. B, right antennule, segments numbered, lateral view. C, rudimentary seta on fourth antennular segment. D, micropores (encircled) on lateral side in proximal half of fifth antennular segment. E, micropore of fifth antennular segment enlarged from (D). F, distal part of fifth antennular segment with claw and claw guard, reduced setae indicated by arrowheads. G, wrinkled" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152402" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152402/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="777">Fig. 12A</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF2C6F80AB4AFF814686F9BCFC1BF977" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152384" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8152384" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152384/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="777" startId="10.[145,223,1651,1673]" targetBox="[257,1313,1116,1622]" targetPageId="10" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BEC3F08AB4AFF814686F9BCFC1BF977" blockId="10.[145,1425,1651,1732]" pageId="10" pageNumber="777">
<emphasis id="B927E31AAB4AFF814686F9BCFF27F93A" bold="true" box="[145,249,1651,1673]" pageId="10" pageNumber="777">Figure 7.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C53448BAB4AFF814713F9BBFE71F93A" authorityName="Grygier" authorityYear="1991" box="[260,431,1652,1673]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Petrarcidae" genus="Petrarca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Laurida" pageId="10" pageNumber="777" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="goanna">
<emphasis id="B927E31AAB4AFF814713F9BBFE71F93A" box="[260,431,1652,1673]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="777">Petrarca goanna</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, rudimentary abdomen, penis, armament/sculpture of maxillae and thoracopods, SEM. A, thick and wrinkled cuticle on distal surface of maxilla. B, ctenoid scales on lateral surface of maxilla. C, ctenoid scales on third thoracopod. D, rudimentary abdomen. E, distal part of penis. Scale bars in µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BEC3F08AB4AFF814686F931FDF4F8DF" blockId="10.[145,1425,1790,1900]" pageId="10" pageNumber="777">
scales on lateral surface enlarged in circle outline). F, medial languette, lateral view (groups of denticles on anterior margin enlarged in oval outline, basal ‘pore-field’ enlarged in circle outline). G, distal part of mandible (lower part of cutting edge enlarged in oval outline). H, maxillule (lower half of cutting edge enlarged in oval outline). Abbreviations:
<emphasis id="B927E31AAB4AFF8142CAF8F6FB2AF8FD" box="[1245,1268,1849,1870]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="777">ae</emphasis>
, aesthetasc;
<emphasis id="B927E31AAB4AFF81436DF8F6FA52F8FC" box="[1402,1420,1849,1871]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="777">cl</emphasis>
, claw;
<emphasis id="B927E31AAB4AFF8146DBF899FF34F8DF" box="[204,234,1878,1900]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="777">clg</emphasis>
, claw guard. Scale bars in µm.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEC3F08AB4BFF8046B5FB6BFB5EFB6B" blockId="11.[162,1442,1188,1240]" pageId="11" pageNumber="778">
<emphasis id="B927E31AAB4BFF8046B5FB6BFED6FB0A" bold="true" box="[162,264,1188,1210]" pageId="11" pageNumber="778">Figure 8.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B927E31AAB4BFF804702FB6AFE1AFB09" box="[277,452,1188,1210]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="778">
<taxonomicName id="4C53448BAB4BFF804702FB6AFE1EFB09" authorityName="Grygier, 1985: 1036 -" authorityYear="1038" box="[277,448,1188,1210]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Petrarcidae" genus="Petrarca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Laurida" pageId="11" pageNumber="778" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morula">Petrarca morula</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
general view, light microscopy. A, B, lateral view, right and left sides. C, dorsal view, anterior end on the left. D, ventral view, anterior end on the right. Abbreviations:
<emphasis id="B927E31AAB4BFF804579FB0DFC5BFB64" box="[878,901,1218,1239]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="778">pe</emphasis>
, penis. Scale bar in µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BEC3F08AB4BFF8046ACFAE4FB4EFA2F" blockId="11.[163,780,1323,1897]" lastBlockId="11.[827,1444,1323,1897]" pageId="11" pageNumber="778">
Antennules W-shaped, with little armament (external sculpture) on two distal segments (
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB4BFF80449BFA85FCDAFAEC" box="[652,772,1354,1376]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="12.[145,218,1836,1858]" captionTargetBox="[160,1410,204,1804]" captionTargetId="figure-24@12.[157,1413,201,1807]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 9. Petrarcamorula, antennules and mouthparts.A,right antennule,segmentsnumbered.B,C, terminal(fifth) segmentsofright and left antennules respectively,lateral view.D, labrum, lateral view.E, mandible.F, maxillule.G, cutting edge of maxillule.H, maxillae. Abbreviations:ae, aesthetasc;cl, claw;clg, claw guard;ml, medial languette; mo, mouth opening;oe, oesophagus.Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152392" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152392/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="778">Figs 9A–C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB4BFF8046B4FAA6FF2AFACD" box="[163,244,1385,1406]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="15.[163,242,1809,1831]" captionTargetBox="[163,1441,197,1788]" captionTargetId="figure-25@15.[163,1443,197,1788]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 12. Petrarca morula, body proper, antennules and oral cone, SEM. A, body proper, lateral view, right side. B, right antennule, segments numbered, lateral view. C, rudimentary seta on fourth antennular segment. D, micropores (encircled) on lateral side in proximal half of fifth antennular segment. E, micropore of fifth antennular segment enlarged from (D). F, distal part of fifth antennular segment with claw and claw guard, reduced setae indicated by arrowheads. G, wrinkled" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152402" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152402/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="778">12B–H</figureCitation>
). First segment irregularly rectangular, narrowing somewhat distally; second segment rectangular; third segment triangular, narrowing toward lower/ventral margin; fourth segment trapezoid, with slightly curved ventral margin, short distal seta inserted at anteriodorsal corner (
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB4BFF80440CF9CDFDA1F9A4" box="[539,639,1538,1560]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="15.[163,242,1809,1831]" captionTargetBox="[163,1441,197,1788]" captionTargetId="figure-25@15.[163,1443,197,1788]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 12. Petrarca morula, body proper, antennules and oral cone, SEM. A, body proper, lateral view, right side. B, right antennule, segments numbered, lateral view. C, rudimentary seta on fourth antennular segment. D, micropores (encircled) on lateral side in proximal half of fifth antennular segment. E, micropore of fifth antennular segment enlarged from (D). F, distal part of fifth antennular segment with claw and claw guard, reduced setae indicated by arrowheads. G, wrinkled" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152402" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152402/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="778">Fig. 12C</figureCitation>
). Fifth segment narrow, rectangular, slightly shorter than fourth and armed with sensory and grasping structures (
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB4BFF8046E0F991FEA4F9C0" box="[247,378,1630,1652]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="12.[145,218,1836,1858]" captionTargetBox="[160,1410,204,1804]" captionTargetId="figure-24@12.[157,1413,201,1807]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 9. Petrarcamorula, antennules and mouthparts.A,right antennule,segmentsnumbered.B,C, terminal(fifth) segmentsofright and left antennules respectively,lateral view.D, labrum, lateral view.E, mandible.F, maxillule.G, cutting edge of maxillule.H, maxillae. Abbreviations:ae, aesthetasc;cl, claw;clg, claw guard;ml, medial languette; mo, mouth opening;oe, oesophagus.Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152392" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152392/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="778">Figs 9B, C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB4BFF80479DF991FE3FF9C0" box="[394,481,1630,1651]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="15.[163,242,1809,1831]" captionTargetBox="[163,1441,197,1788]" captionTargetId="figure-25@15.[163,1443,197,1788]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 12. Petrarca morula, body proper, antennules and oral cone, SEM. A, body proper, lateral view, right side. B, right antennule, segments numbered, lateral view. C, rudimentary seta on fourth antennular segment. D, micropores (encircled) on lateral side in proximal half of fifth antennular segment. E, micropore of fifth antennular segment enlarged from (D). F, distal part of fifth antennular segment with claw and claw guard, reduced setae indicated by arrowheads. G, wrinkled" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152402" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152402/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="778">12D–H</figureCitation>
). Short massive curved claw with smooth concave margin. Three rudimentary setae at base of claw and to each side (
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB4BFF8044BCF954FF6AF97C" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="12.[145,218,1836,1858]" captionTargetBox="[160,1410,204,1804]" captionTargetId="figure-24@12.[157,1413,201,1807]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 9. Petrarcamorula, antennules and mouthparts.A,right antennule,segmentsnumbered.B,C, terminal(fifth) segmentsofright and left antennules respectively,lateral view.D, labrum, lateral view.E, mandible.F, maxillule.G, cutting edge of maxillule.H, maxillae. Abbreviations:ae, aesthetasc;cl, claw;clg, claw guard;ml, medial languette; mo, mouth opening;oe, oesophagus.Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152392" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152392/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="778">Figs 9B, C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB4BFF8046D5F975FF31F97C" box="[194,239,1722,1743]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="15.[163,242,1809,1831]" captionTargetBox="[163,1441,197,1788]" captionTargetId="figure-25@15.[163,1443,197,1788]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 12. Petrarca morula, body proper, antennules and oral cone, SEM. A, body proper, lateral view, right side. B, right antennule, segments numbered, lateral view. C, rudimentary seta on fourth antennular segment. D, micropores (encircled) on lateral side in proximal half of fifth antennular segment. E, micropore of fifth antennular segment enlarged from (D). F, distal part of fifth antennular segment with claw and claw guard, reduced setae indicated by arrowheads. G, wrinkled" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152402" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152402/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="778">12F</figureCitation>
); tiny pores (five to seven) on inner and outer lateral sides (
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB4BFF804750F917FE1FF95E" box="[327,449,1752,1774]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="12.[145,218,1836,1858]" captionTargetBox="[160,1410,204,1804]" captionTargetId="figure-24@12.[157,1413,201,1807]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 9. Petrarcamorula, antennules and mouthparts.A,right antennule,segmentsnumbered.B,C, terminal(fifth) segmentsofright and left antennules respectively,lateral view.D, labrum, lateral view.E, mandible.F, maxillule.G, cutting edge of maxillule.H, maxillae. Abbreviations:ae, aesthetasc;cl, claw;clg, claw guard;ml, medial languette; mo, mouth opening;oe, oesophagus.Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152392" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152392/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="778">Figs 9B, C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB4BFF8047C7F917FDC1F95D" box="[464,543,1752,1774]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="15.[163,242,1809,1831]" captionTargetBox="[163,1441,197,1788]" captionTargetId="figure-25@15.[163,1443,197,1788]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 12. Petrarca morula, body proper, antennules and oral cone, SEM. A, body proper, lateral view, right side. B, right antennule, segments numbered, lateral view. C, rudimentary seta on fourth antennular segment. D, micropores (encircled) on lateral side in proximal half of fifth antennular segment. E, micropore of fifth antennular segment enlarged from (D). F, distal part of fifth antennular segment with claw and claw guard, reduced setae indicated by arrowheads. G, wrinkled" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152402" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152402/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="778">12D, E</figureCitation>
). Claw sheathed by large, oval claw guard (
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB4BFF8047D1F938FDF4F8BF" box="[454,554,1783,1805]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="15.[163,242,1809,1831]" captionTargetBox="[163,1441,197,1788]" captionTargetId="figure-25@15.[163,1443,197,1788]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 12. Petrarca morula, body proper, antennules and oral cone, SEM. A, body proper, lateral view, right side. B, right antennule, segments numbered, lateral view. C, rudimentary seta on fourth antennular segment. D, micropores (encircled) on lateral side in proximal half of fifth antennular segment. E, micropore of fifth antennular segment enlarged from (D). F, distal part of fifth antennular segment with claw and claw guard, reduced setae indicated by arrowheads. G, wrinkled" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152402" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152402/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="778">Fig. 12F</figureCitation>
); claw guard with three vestigial, distal setae with a terminal pore (
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB4BFF8044C8F8D9FF0AF8FA" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="15.[163,242,1809,1831]" captionTargetBox="[163,1441,197,1788]" captionTargetId="figure-25@15.[163,1443,197,1788]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 12. Petrarca morula, body proper, antennules and oral cone, SEM. A, body proper, lateral view, right side. B, right antennule, segments numbered, lateral view. C, rudimentary seta on fourth antennular segment. D, micropores (encircled) on lateral side in proximal half of fifth antennular segment. E, micropore of fifth antennular segment enlarged from (D). F, distal part of fifth antennular segment with claw and claw guard, reduced setae indicated by arrowheads. G, wrinkled" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152402" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152402/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="778">Fig. 12H</figureCitation>
); developed subdistal aesthetasc almost half as long as claw guard, terminates with two outgrowths, rudimentary seta with a terminal pore at base of aesthetasc (
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB4BFF8045DDFA85FB93FAEC" box="[970,1101,1354,1376]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="15.[163,242,1809,1831]" captionTargetBox="[163,1441,197,1788]" captionTargetId="figure-25@15.[163,1443,197,1788]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 12. Petrarca morula, body proper, antennules and oral cone, SEM. A, body proper, lateral view, right side. B, right antennule, segments numbered, lateral view. C, rudimentary seta on fourth antennular segment. D, micropores (encircled) on lateral side in proximal half of fifth antennular segment. E, micropore of fifth antennular segment enlarged from (D). F, distal part of fifth antennular segment with claw and claw guard, reduced setae indicated by arrowheads. G, wrinkled" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152402" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152402/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="778">Fig. 12F, H</figureCitation>
). Ventral (postaxial) margin of fifth segment and claw guard with wrinkled cuticle bearing tiny pores (
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB4BFF804209FA48FB5EFA2F" box="[1054,1152,1415,1437]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="15.[163,242,1809,1831]" captionTargetBox="[163,1441,197,1788]" captionTargetId="figure-25@15.[163,1443,197,1788]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 12. Petrarca morula, body proper, antennules and oral cone, SEM. A, body proper, lateral view, right side. B, right antennule, segments numbered, lateral view. C, rudimentary seta on fourth antennular segment. D, micropores (encircled) on lateral side in proximal half of fifth antennular segment. E, micropore of fifth antennular segment enlarged from (D). F, distal part of fifth antennular segment with claw and claw guard, reduced setae indicated by arrowheads. G, wrinkled" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152402" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152402/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="778">Fig. 12G</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEC3F08AB4BFF804544FA69FC3EF903" blockId="11.[827,1444,1323,1897]" pageId="11" pageNumber="778">
Oral cone prominent (
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB4BFF80425AFA69FB7AFA08" box="[1101,1188,1446,1468]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="12.[145,218,1836,1858]" captionTargetBox="[160,1410,204,1804]" captionTargetId="figure-24@12.[157,1413,201,1807]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 9. Petrarcamorula, antennules and mouthparts.A,right antennule,segmentsnumbered.B,C, terminal(fifth) segmentsofright and left antennules respectively,lateral view.D, labrum, lateral view.E, mandible.F, maxillule.G, cutting edge of maxillule.H, maxillae. Abbreviations:ae, aesthetasc;cl, claw;clg, claw guard;ml, medial languette; mo, mouth opening;oe, oesophagus.Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152392" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152392/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="778">Figs 9D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB4BFF8042A7FA69FB2DFA08" box="[1200,1267,1446,1467]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="15.[163,242,1809,1831]" captionTargetBox="[163,1441,197,1788]" captionTargetId="figure-25@15.[163,1443,197,1788]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 12. Petrarca morula, body proper, antennules and oral cone, SEM. A, body proper, lateral view, right side. B, right antennule, segments numbered, lateral view. C, rudimentary seta on fourth antennular segment. D, micropores (encircled) on lateral side in proximal half of fifth antennular segment. E, micropore of fifth antennular segment enlarged from (D). F, distal part of fifth antennular segment with claw and claw guard, reduced setae indicated by arrowheads. G, wrinkled" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152402" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152402/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="778">12A, I</figureCitation>
); labrum prow-shaped, exterior with dense ctenoid scales (
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB4BFF804356FA0BFC97FA4B" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="15.[163,242,1809,1831]" captionTargetBox="[163,1441,197,1788]" captionTargetId="figure-25@15.[163,1443,197,1788]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 12. Petrarca morula, body proper, antennules and oral cone, SEM. A, body proper, lateral view, right side. B, right antennule, segments numbered, lateral view. C, rudimentary seta on fourth antennular segment. D, micropores (encircled) on lateral side in proximal half of fifth antennular segment. E, micropore of fifth antennular segment enlarged from (D). F, distal part of fifth antennular segment with claw and claw guard, reduced setae indicated by arrowheads. G, wrinkled" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152402" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152402/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="778">Fig. 12I, J</figureCitation>
); mandibles elongated, cutting edge straight, with 14 sharp, simple teeth (ten in Grygier specimen) (
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB4BFF80436FF9CDFC85F986" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="12.[145,218,1836,1858]" captionTargetBox="[160,1410,204,1804]" captionTargetId="figure-24@12.[157,1413,201,1807]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 9. Petrarcamorula, antennules and mouthparts.A,right antennule,segmentsnumbered.B,C, terminal(fifth) segmentsofright and left antennules respectively,lateral view.D, labrum, lateral view.E, mandible.F, maxillule.G, cutting edge of maxillule.H, maxillae. Abbreviations:ae, aesthetasc;cl, claw;clg, claw guard;ml, medial languette; mo, mouth opening;oe, oesophagus.Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152392" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152392/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="778">Fig. 9E</figureCitation>
); maxillules with sclerotized, triangular distal parts, inner margin with small denticles (
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB4BFF80435FF9F0FC90F9C0" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="12.[145,218,1836,1858]" captionTargetBox="[160,1410,204,1804]" captionTargetId="figure-24@12.[157,1413,201,1807]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 9. Petrarcamorula, antennules and mouthparts.A,right antennule,segmentsnumbered.B,C, terminal(fifth) segmentsofright and left antennules respectively,lateral view.D, labrum, lateral view.E, mandible.F, maxillule.G, cutting edge of maxillule.H, maxillae. Abbreviations:ae, aesthetasc;cl, claw;clg, claw guard;ml, medial languette; mo, mouth opening;oe, oesophagus.Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152392" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152392/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="778">Fig. 9F, G</figureCitation>
); fused maxillae ending in a pair of short, rounded lobes, with dense ctenoid scales on lateral surfaces (
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB4BFF804554F954FC43F903" box="[835,925,1691,1713]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="12.[145,218,1836,1858]" captionTargetBox="[160,1410,204,1804]" captionTargetId="figure-24@12.[157,1413,201,1807]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 9. Petrarcamorula, antennules and mouthparts.A,right antennule,segmentsnumbered.B,C, terminal(fifth) segmentsofright and left antennules respectively,lateral view.D, labrum, lateral view.E, mandible.F, maxillule.G, cutting edge of maxillule.H, maxillae. Abbreviations:ae, aesthetasc;cl, claw;clg, claw guard;ml, medial languette; mo, mouth opening;oe, oesophagus.Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152392" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152392/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="778">Figs 9H</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB4BFF8045BCF954FC0FF903" box="[939,977,1691,1712]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="15.[163,242,1809,1831]" captionTargetBox="[163,1441,197,1788]" captionTargetId="figure-25@15.[163,1443,197,1788]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 12. Petrarca morula, body proper, antennules and oral cone, SEM. A, body proper, lateral view, right side. B, right antennule, segments numbered, lateral view. C, rudimentary seta on fourth antennular segment. D, micropores (encircled) on lateral side in proximal half of fifth antennular segment. E, micropore of fifth antennular segment enlarged from (D). F, distal part of fifth antennular segment with claw and claw guard, reduced setae indicated by arrowheads. G, wrinkled" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152402" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152402/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="778">12I</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEC3F08AB4BFF864544F975FD4DFC11" blockId="11.[827,1444,1323,1897]" lastBlockId="13.[163,779,847,1176]" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="780" pageId="11" pageNumber="778">
Studied specimens with six pairs of thoracopods; thoracopod 1 setiform (
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB4BFF804228F917FB43F95E" box="[1087,1181,1752,1774]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="13.[164,243,717,739]" captionTargetBox="[322,1282,198,684]" captionTargetId="figure-623@13.[319,1285,195,687]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 10. Petrarca morula, thoracopods, penis and abdomen. A, rudimentary setiform thoracopod 1. B, left thoracopods 2–6 (numbered) with groups of seminal receptacles. C, rudimentary abdomen, segments numbered. D, distal part of penis. Abbreviations: sr, seminal receptacles. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152398" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152398/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="778">Fig. 10A</figureCitation>
); thoracopods 2–6 (
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB4BFF80436FF917FCB6F8BF" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="13.[164,243,717,739]" captionTargetBox="[322,1282,198,684]" captionTargetId="figure-623@13.[319,1285,195,687]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 10. Petrarca morula, thoracopods, penis and abdomen. A, rudimentary setiform thoracopod 1. B, left thoracopods 2–6 (numbered) with groups of seminal receptacles. C, rudimentary abdomen, segments numbered. D, distal part of penis. Abbreviations: sr, seminal receptacles. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152398" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152398/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="778">Fig. 10B</figureCitation>
) uniramous, unsegmented, grouped in cluster and arranged in an unorderly sequence in lateral view; thoracopods 2–4 longer and wider than thoracopods 5 and 6. Cuticle of thoracopods 2–6 with rows of dense and long ctenoid scales (
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB4DFF864753FC80FE64FCD6" box="[324,442,847,869]" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="16.[144,224,1653,1675]" captionTargetBox="[209,1361,603,1623]" captionTargetId="figure-216@16.[209,1361,603,1623]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Figure 13. Petrarca morula, rudimentary thoracopods, abdomen and penis, SEM. A, thoracopod 2. B, ctenoid scales on thoracopod 2 enlarged from (A). C, distal part of penis. D, rudimentary abdomen, segments numbered. E, F, tiny pores and ctenoid scales on abdominal segment 3, respectively. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152404" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152404/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="780">Fig. 13A, B</figureCitation>
). Batteries of ampuliform seminal receptacles (
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB4DFF864776FCA1FE61FC30" box="[353,447,878,900]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="13.[164,243,717,739]" captionTargetBox="[322,1282,198,684]" captionTargetId="figure-623@13.[319,1285,195,687]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 10. Petrarca morula, thoracopods, penis and abdomen. A, rudimentary setiform thoracopod 1. B, left thoracopods 2–6 (numbered) with groups of seminal receptacles. C, rudimentary abdomen, segments numbered. D, distal part of penis. Abbreviations: sr, seminal receptacles. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152398" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152398/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="780">Fig. 10B</figureCitation>
) associated with thoracopods 2–5 (~11, 6, 8 and 7 receptacles, respectively).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF2C6F80AB4CFF874686F8E3FA85F8CE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152392" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8152392" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152392/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="779" startId="12.[145,218,1836,1858]" targetBox="[160,1410,204,1804]" targetPageId="12" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BEC3F08AB4CFF874686F8E3FA85F8CE" blockId="12.[145,1427,1836,1917]" pageId="12" pageNumber="779">
<emphasis id="B927E31AAB4CFF874686F8E3FF2EF8F1" bold="true" box="[145,240,1836,1858]" pageId="12" pageNumber="779">Figure 9.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C53448BAB4CFF8746EEF8E2FE4DF8F0" authorityName="Grygier, 1985: 1036 -" authorityYear="1038" box="[249,403,1837,1859]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Petrarcidae" genus="Petrarca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Laurida" pageId="12" pageNumber="779" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morula">
<emphasis id="B927E31AAB4CFF8746EEF8E2FE4DF8F0" box="[249,403,1837,1859]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="779">Petrarca morula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, antennules and mouthparts.A, right antennule, segments numbered. B, C, terminal (fifth) segments of right and left antennules respectively, lateral view. D, labrum, lateral view. E, mandible. F, maxillule. G, cutting edge of maxillule. H, maxillae. Abbreviations:
<emphasis id="B927E31AAB4CFF874737F8A7FEEBF8CE" box="[288,309,1896,1917]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="779">ae</emphasis>
, aesthetasc;
<emphasis id="B927E31AAB4CFF8747BBF8A8FE62F8CE" box="[428,444,1895,1917]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="779">cl</emphasis>
, claw;
<emphasis id="B927E31AAB4CFF8747EDF8A8FDCBF8CE" box="[506,533,1895,1917]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="779">clg</emphasis>
, claw guard;
<emphasis id="B927E31AAB4CFF874486F8A8FD75F8CE" box="[657,683,1895,1917]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="779">ml</emphasis>
, medial languette;
<emphasis id="B927E31AAB4CFF874577F8A7FCA3F8CE" box="[864,893,1896,1917]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="779">mo</emphasis>
, mouth opening;
<emphasis id="B927E31AAB4CFF874237F8A7FBEDF8CE" box="[1056,1075,1896,1917]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="779">oe</emphasis>
, oesophagus. Scale bars in µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF2C6F80AB4DFF8646B3FD02FD31FCAD" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152398" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8152398" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152398/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="780" startId="13.[164,243,717,739]" targetBox="[322,1282,198,684]" targetPageId="13" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BEC3F08AB4DFF8646B3FD02FD31FCAD" blockId="13.[163,1443,717,798]" pageId="13" pageNumber="780">
<emphasis id="B927E31AAB4DFF8646B3FD02FEC5FD51" bold="true" box="[164,283,717,739]" pageId="13" pageNumber="780">Figure 10.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C53448BAB4DFF864732FD01FE0FFD50" authorityName="Grygier, 1985: 1036 -" authorityYear="1038" box="[293,465,717,739]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Petrarcidae" genus="Petrarca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Laurida" pageId="13" pageNumber="780" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morula">
<emphasis id="B927E31AAB4DFF864732FD01FE0FFD50" box="[293,465,717,739]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="780">Petrarca morula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, thoracopods, penis and abdomen. A, rudimentary setiform thoracopod 1. B, left thoracopods 2–6 (numbered) with groups of seminal receptacles. C, rudimentary abdomen, segments numbered. D, distal part of penis. Abbreviations:
<emphasis id="B927E31AAB4DFF864756FCC7FE8BFCAE" box="[321,341,776,797]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="780">sr</emphasis>
, seminal receptacles. Scale bars in µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BEC3F08AB4DFF8646ACFC64FD75FB24" blockId="13.[163,779,847,1176]" pageId="13" pageNumber="780">
Long, terminally bifid penis originates from large first abdominal segment (
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB4DFF86479CFC05FE30FC6C" box="[395,494,970,992]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="13.[164,243,717,739]" captionTargetBox="[322,1282,198,684]" captionTargetId="figure-623@13.[319,1285,195,687]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 10. Petrarca morula, thoracopods, penis and abdomen. A, rudimentary setiform thoracopod 1. B, left thoracopods 2–6 (numbered) with groups of seminal receptacles. C, rudimentary abdomen, segments numbered. D, distal part of penis. Abbreviations: sr, seminal receptacles. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152398" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152398/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="780">Figs 10D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB4DFF8647EEFC05FDF8FC6C" box="[505,550,970,991]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="15.[163,242,1809,1831]" captionTargetBox="[163,1441,197,1788]" captionTargetId="figure-25@15.[163,1443,197,1788]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 12. Petrarca morula, body proper, antennules and oral cone, SEM. A, body proper, lateral view, right side. B, right antennule, segments numbered, lateral view. C, rudimentary seta on fourth antennular segment. D, micropores (encircled) on lateral side in proximal half of fifth antennular segment. E, micropore of fifth antennular segment enlarged from (D). F, distal part of fifth antennular segment with claw and claw guard, reduced setae indicated by arrowheads. G, wrinkled" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152402" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152402/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="780">12A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB4DFF864425FC05FD80FC6C" box="[562,606,970,991]" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="16.[144,224,1653,1675]" captionTargetBox="[209,1361,603,1623]" captionTargetId="figure-216@16.[209,1361,603,1623]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Figure 13. Petrarca morula, rudimentary thoracopods, abdomen and penis, SEM. A, thoracopod 2. B, ctenoid scales on thoracopod 2 enlarged from (A). C, distal part of penis. D, rudimentary abdomen, segments numbered. E, F, tiny pores and ctenoid scales on abdominal segment 3, respectively. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152404" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152404/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="780">13C</figureCitation>
). Shaft of penis supports two small, rounded rami about 125 µm long; distal part of penis, including rami, bearing numerous short but wide conical setae. Rest of abdomen vestigial, consisting of two segments bearing rare ctenoid scales and tiny pores; posterior end of abdomen with cleavage with few terminal denticles (
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB4DFF8647F4FB4DFD9BFB24" box="[483,581,1154,1176]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="13.[164,243,717,739]" captionTargetBox="[322,1282,198,684]" captionTargetId="figure-623@13.[319,1285,195,687]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 10. Petrarca morula, thoracopods, penis and abdomen. A, rudimentary setiform thoracopod 1. B, left thoracopods 2–6 (numbered) with groups of seminal receptacles. C, rudimentary abdomen, segments numbered. D, distal part of penis. Abbreviations: sr, seminal receptacles. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152398" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152398/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="780">Figs 10C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB4DFF864446FB4DFD43FB24" box="[593,669,1154,1175]" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="16.[144,224,1653,1675]" captionTargetBox="[209,1361,603,1623]" captionTargetId="figure-216@16.[209,1361,603,1623]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Figure 13. Petrarca morula, rudimentary thoracopods, abdomen and penis, SEM. A, thoracopod 2. B, ctenoid scales on thoracopod 2 enlarged from (A). C, distal part of penis. D, rudimentary abdomen, segments numbered. E, F, tiny pores and ctenoid scales on abdominal segment 3, respectively. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152404" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152404/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="780">13D–F</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEC3F08AB4DFF8646B4FB0FFDDDF973" blockId="13.[163,779,1216,1729]" pageId="13" pageNumber="780">
<emphasis id="B927E31AAB4DFF8646B4FB0FFED0FB66" box="[163,270,1216,1237]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="780">Remarks:</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC242F9AB4DFF86470EFB0FFDF1FB65" author="Grygier MJ &amp; Nojima S" box="[281,559,1216,1238]" pageId="13" pageNumber="780" pagination="83 - 101" refId="ref15422" refString="Grygier MJ, Nojima S. 1995. Petrarcid galls and Petrarcidae (Crustacea: Ascothoracida) in some scleractinian corals from Japan. Galaxea 12: 83 - 101." type="journal article" year="1995">Grygier &amp; Nojima (1995)</bibRefCitation>
indicated that both
<taxonomicName id="4C53448BAB4DFF8646B4FB2FFED0FB47" authorityName="Grygier, 1985: 1036 -" authorityYear="1038" box="[163,270,1247,1269]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Petrarcidae" genus="Petrarca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Laurida" pageId="13" pageNumber="780" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morula">
<emphasis id="B927E31AAB4DFF8646B4FB2FFED0FB47" box="[163,270,1247,1269]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="780">P. morula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C53448BAB4DFF864755FB2FFE71FB46" authorityName="Grygier" authorityYear="1991" box="[322,431,1248,1269]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Petrarcidae" genus="Petrarca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Laurida" pageId="13" pageNumber="780" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="goanna">
<emphasis id="B927E31AAB4DFF864755FB2FFE71FB46" box="[322,431,1248,1269]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="780">P. goanna</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
may represent ‘the extremes of morphological variability in a single species’. However, along with molecular evidence provided here, there are a number of morphological features that can be used to distinguish these species. Thus,
<taxonomicName id="4C53448BAB4DFF864406FA95FDA0FADC" authorityName="Grygier, 1985: 1036 -" authorityYear="1038" box="[529,638,1370,1391]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Petrarcidae" genus="Petrarca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Laurida" pageId="13" pageNumber="780" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morula">
<emphasis id="B927E31AAB4DFF864406FA95FDA0FADC" box="[529,638,1370,1391]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="780">P. morula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from
<taxonomicName id="4C53448BAB4DFF8646B4FAB6FEC8FA3D" authorityName="Grygier" authorityYear="1991" box="[163,278,1401,1422]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Petrarcidae" genus="Petrarca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Laurida" pageId="13" pageNumber="780" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="goanna">
<emphasis id="B927E31AAB4DFF8646B4FAB6FEC8FA3D" box="[163,278,1401,1422]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="780">P. goanna</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having numerous long conical papillae on the anterioventral part of carapace vs. only a few inconspicuous ventral papillae in
<taxonomicName id="4C53448BAB4DFF864409FA79FD55FA78" authorityName="Grygier" authorityYear="1991" box="[542,651,1462,1483]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Petrarcidae" genus="Petrarca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Laurida" pageId="13" pageNumber="780" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="goanna">
<emphasis id="B927E31AAB4DFF864409FA79FD55FA78" box="[542,651,1462,1483]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="780">P. goanna</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; exterior of carapace with small volcano-shaped papillae (absent in
<taxonomicName id="4C53448BAB4DFF8646D5FA3BFEEAF9BA" authorityName="Grygier" authorityYear="1991" box="[194,308,1524,1545]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Petrarcidae" genus="Petrarca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Laurida" pageId="13" pageNumber="780" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="goanna">
<emphasis id="B927E31AAB4DFF8646D5FA3BFEEAF9BA" box="[194,308,1524,1545]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="780">P. goanna</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) but without radial ribs and crenulated margin (present in
<taxonomicName id="4C53448BAB4DFF864790F9DDFE26F994" authorityName="Grygier" authorityYear="1991" box="[391,504,1554,1575]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Petrarcidae" genus="Petrarca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Laurida" pageId="13" pageNumber="780" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="goanna">
<emphasis id="B927E31AAB4DFF864790F9DDFE26F994" box="[391,504,1554,1575]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="780">P. goanna</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); teeth of the mandible are simple and fewer (simple and bifid teeth present in
<taxonomicName id="4C53448BAB4DFF8646D5F99FFEEAF9D6" authorityName="Grygier" authorityYear="1991" box="[194,308,1616,1637]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Petrarcidae" genus="Petrarca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Laurida" pageId="13" pageNumber="780" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="goanna">
<emphasis id="B927E31AAB4DFF8646D5F99FFEEAF9D6" box="[194,308,1616,1637]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="780">P. goanna</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); inner margin of maxillules with small denticles (bigger teeth in
<taxonomicName id="4C53448BAB4DFF8647F3F9A1FD82F930" authorityName="Grygier" authorityYear="1991" box="[484,604,1646,1667]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Petrarcidae" genus="Petrarca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Laurida" pageId="13" pageNumber="780" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="goanna">
<emphasis id="B927E31AAB4DFF8647F3F9A1FD82F930" box="[484,604,1646,1667]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="780">P. goanna</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); subterminal aesthetasc of claw guard terminates with two outgrowths (four in
<taxonomicName id="4C53448BAB4DFF864791F963FE2AF972" authorityName="Grygier" authorityYear="1991" box="[390,500,1708,1729]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Petrarcidae" genus="Petrarca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Laurida" pageId="13" pageNumber="780" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="goanna">
<emphasis id="B927E31AAB4DFF864791F963FE2AF972" box="[390,500,1708,1729]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="780">P. goanna</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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