813 lines
106 KiB
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813 lines
106 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="F2CE99DD9166185F5B2EBDF4B5C44151">Biostratigraphy and taxonomy of polymerid trilobites of the Manuels River Formation (Drumian, middle Cambrian), Newfoundland, Canada</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="C643070A41A9328FA1A3379377D4EAD4">Unger, Tanja</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="1023624C3310EB719C6DBA1D3B61B829">Institut für Geowissenschaften, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 234, 69120 Heidelberg (Germany) and Institut für Geologie, Mineralogie und Geophysik, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44801 Bochum (Germany)</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="EF35933EC6228D7C2035E45CD6CD2616">Hildenbrand, Anne</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="67D39C0D4CF6C7BBD930B0A543DD3B6B">Institut für Geowissenschaften, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 234, 69120 Heidelberg (Germany)</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="EDEC57FC76174D78BD47C1245122775B">Stinnesbeck, Wolfgang</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="C6B64A5171374B2423DB2687505BC62C">Institut für Geowissenschaften, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 234, 69120 Heidelberg (Germany)</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="8E202D21361D9A4B522962B7CF09C071">Institut für Geowissenschaften, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 234, 69120 Heidelberg (Germany)</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="923CEE3430995B8AAC8D07A629B74703">Geodiversitas</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03DA87B6FF814955FEB87E0EFAF9F82A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7477306" ID-GBIF-Taxon="207934012" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7477306" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DA87B6FF814955FEB87E0EFAF9F82A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DA87B6FF814955FEB87E0EFAF9F82A" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="1074" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071">
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<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF81495AFEB87E0EFDA5F951" authority="(Salter, 1866 b)" baseAuthorityName="Salter" baseAuthorityYear="1866" box="[274,633,1654,1681]" class="Trilobita" family="Centropleuridae" genus="Plutonides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Redlichiida" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hicksii">
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<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF81495AFEB87E0EFE0DF950" bold="true" box="[274,465,1654,1681]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071">Plutonides hicksii</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF81495AFE757E0EFDADF951" author="Salter" box="[479,625,1654,1680]" firstAuthor="Salter" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071" pagination="239 - 381" refId="ref29764" refString="SALTER J. W. 1866 b. - On the fossils of North Wales, in RAMSAY A. C. & SALTER J. W. (eds), The Geology of North Wales. Longmans, Green, Reader, and Dyer, London: 239 - 381." type="book chapter" year="1866" yearSuffix="b">Salter, 1866b</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C369652BFF81495AFEC67EEFFDC3F970" box="[364,543,1687,1714]" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BCC36A0FF81495AFEC67EEFFDC3F970" blockId="22.[364,543,1687,1714]" box="[364,543,1687,1714]" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071">
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(
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<figureCitation id="13482A25FF81495AFEDF7EEFFE1EF970" box="[373,450,1687,1713]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="22.[132,143,1234,1251]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1190]" captionTargetId="figure-489@22.[699,1268,213,747]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIG. 13. — Plutonides hicksii (Salter, 1866b); A, B, internal cast and mould of the same specimen, occipital node visible in both (NFM F-3717 from 10.38 m); C, internal cast of a thorax attached to the pygidium, pleural spines preserved, NFM F-3299 from 5.22 m; D, internal cast of a cranidium attached to the anterior 11 thoracic segments (NFM F-3352 from 7.56 m). Scale bars: 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7477683" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7477683/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071">Figs 13</figureCitation>
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;
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<figureCitation id="13482A25FF81495AFE7A7EEFFE30F970" box="[464,492,1687,1713]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="23.[132,143,1895,1912]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1726]" captionTargetId="figure-23@23.[698,1267,780,1349]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIG. 14. — Plutonides hicksii (Salter, 1866b): A, internal cast of a juvenile cranidium, smallest described specimen in this work with long preglabellar field (NFM F-3177 from 10.27 m); B, internal cast of a juvenile cranidium,deep glabellar furrows,ornamentation on fixigenae preserved (NFM F-3220 from 7.59 m); C, internal cast of a juvenile cranidium, deep glabellar furrows (NFM F-3026 from 9.63 m); D, internal cast of a juvenile cranidium, with occipital node and ornamentation on fixigenae preserved (NFM F-3176 from 10.27 m); E, internal cast of a juvenile cranidium, short preglabellar field, occipital node preserved (NFM F-3067 from 3.33 m); F, internal cast of a juvenile cranidium, short preglabellar field, glabellar furrows less deeply impressed than in junger specimens A-D, S2 furrow shallower axial to discontinuous (NFM F-3947 from 4.28 m). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7477687" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7477687/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071">14</figureCitation>
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;
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<figureCitation id="13482A25FF81495AFE507EEFFDCAF973" box="[506,534,1687,1714]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="24.[132,143,1940,1957]" captionTargetBox="[250,1337,215,1878]" captionTargetId="figure-23@24.[249,795,768,1324]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIG. 15. — Plutonides hicksii (Salter, 1866b): A, internal cast of a cranidium,occipital node preserved, with a vertical groove crossing the cranidium (NFM F-2781 from 4.52 m); B, internal cast of a cranidium with preserved exoskleleton (NFM F-3894 from 2.96 m); C, internal cast of a cranidium, occipital node and ornamentation on fixigenae preserved (NFM F-2861 from 2.53); D, internal cast of a cranidium, with a vertical groove crossing the cranidium (NFM F-3258 from 4.06 m). Scale bar: 3 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7477689" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7477689/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071">15</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C369652BFF81495AFF2E7EA8FC57F82A" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BCC36A0FF81495AFF2E7EA8FDE6F8FB" blockId="22.[131,775,1744,1850]" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AD210B1FF81495AFF2E7EA8FE39F928" author="Salter" box="[132,485,1744,1769]" page="299" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071" year="1866">
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<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF81495AFF2E7EA8FE39F928" authority="Salter, 1866 b: 299" authorityName="Salter" authorityPageNumber="299" authorityYear="1866" box="[132,485,1744,1769]" class="Trilobita" family="Paradoxididae" genus="Paradoxides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Redlichiida" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hicksii">
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<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF81495AFF2E7EA8FEEDF929" box="[132,305,1744,1768]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071">Paradoxides hicksii</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF81495AFE997EA8FE39F928" author="Salter" box="[307,485,1744,1769]" firstAuthor="Salter" page="299" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071" pagination="239 - 381" refId="ref29764" refString="SALTER J. W. 1866 b. - On the fossils of North Wales, in RAMSAY A. C. & SALTER J. W. (eds), The Geology of North Wales. Longmans, Green, Reader, and Dyer, London: 239 - 381." type="book chapter" year="1866" yearSuffix="b">Salter, 1866b: 299</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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||
, 300, pl. 4, fig. 12. —
|
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<treatmentCitation id="0AD210B1FF81495AFD1C7EA8FEC0F8C2" author="Salter & Hicks" page="55" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071" year="1869">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF81495AFD1C7EA8FEC0F8C2" author="Salter & Hicks" firstAuthor="Salter" page="55" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071" pagination="51 - 57" refId="ref29866" refString="SALTER J. W. & HICKS H. 1869. - On some fossils from the " Menevian Group ". The Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London 25 (1): 51 - 57. https: // doi. org / 10.1144 / gsl. jgs. 1868.024.01 - 02.61" type="journal article" year="1869">Salter & Hicks 1869: 55</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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||
, pl. 3, figs 1-10. —
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AD210B1FF81495AFE717E94FD7AF8C5" author="Linnarsson" box="[475,678,1772,1796]" page="14" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071" year="1882">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF81495AFE717E94FD7AF8C5" author="Linnarsson" box="[475,678,1772,1796]" firstAuthor="Linnarsson" page="14" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071" pagination="1 - 48" refId="ref27894" refString="LINNARSSON G. 1882. - De undre Paradoxideslagren vid Andrarum. Sveriges Geologiska Undersokning, Ser. C 54: 1 - 48." type="journal article" year="1882">Linnarsson 1882: 14</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
, 15, pl. 3, figs 1-5. —
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AD210B1FF81495AFF577F7FFE15F8DE" author="Gronwall" box="[253,457,1799,1823]" page="117" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071" year="1902">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF81495AFF577F7FFE15F8DE" author="Gronwall" box="[253,457,1799,1823]" firstAuthor="Gronwall" page="117" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071" pagination="1 - 230" refId="ref25638" refString="GRONWALL K. A. 1902. - Bornholms Paradoxideslag og deres fauna. Danmarks geologiske Undersogelse, II Raekke 13 (1): 1 - 230." type="journal article" year="1902">Grönwall 1902: 117</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, 118. —
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AD210B1FF81495AFD817F7FFD12F8DE" author="Illing" box="[555,718,1798,1823]" page="428" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071" year="1915">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF81495AFD817F7FFD12F8DE" author="Illing" box="[555,718,1798,1823]" firstAuthor="Illing" page="428" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071" pagination="386 - 450" refId="ref26669" refString="ILLING V. C. 1915. - The Paradoxidian fauna of a part of the Stockingford Shale. The Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London 71 (1 - 4): 386 - 450. https: // doi. org / 10.1144 / gsl. jgs. 1915.071.01 - 04.17" type="journal article" year="1915">Illing 1915: 428</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, 429, pl. 36, figs 1-7. —
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AD210B1FF81495AFE957F5AFDDEF8FB" author="Nicholas" box="[319,514,1826,1850]" page="467" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071" year="1915">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF81495AFE957F5AFDDEF8FB" author="Nicholas" box="[319,514,1826,1850]" firstAuthor="Nicholas" page="467" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071" pagination="451 - 472" refId="ref28524" refString="NICHOLAS T. C. 1915. - Notes on the trilobite fauna of the Middle Cambrian of the St. Tudwal's Peninsula (Carnarvonshire). The Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London 71 (3): 451 - 472. https: // doi. org / 10.1144 / gsl. jgs. 1915.071.01 - 04.18" type="journal article" year="1915">Nicholas 1915: 467</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, 469.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCC36A0FF81495AFF2E7F2AFF3CF844" blockId="22.[132,775,1874,1925]" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071">
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<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF81495AFF2E7F2AFE11F8AB" box="[132,461,1874,1898]" class="Trilobita" family="Paradoxididae" genus="Paradoxides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Redlichiida" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="hicksii" variety="palpebrosus">
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||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF81495AFF2E7F2AFEE9F8AB" box="[132,309,1874,1898]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071">Paradoxides hicksii</emphasis>
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF81495AFECE7F2AFE11F8AB" box="[356,461,1874,1898]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071">palpebrosus</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
–
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AD210B1FF81495AFE4D7F2AFD15F8AB" author="Linnarsson" box="[487,713,1874,1898]" page="9 - 11" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071" year="1879">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF81495AFE4D7F2AFD15F8AB" author="Linnarsson" box="[487,713,1874,1898]" firstAuthor="Linnarsson" page="9 - 11" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071" pagination="1 - 31" refId="ref27862" refString="LINNARSSON G. 1879. - Om faunan i kalken med Conocoryphe exsulans (" Coronatuskalken "). Sveriges Geologiska Undersokning, Ser. C 35: 1 - 31." type="journal article" year="1879">Linnarsson 1879: 9-11</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, pl. 1, figs 5-11.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCC36A0FF81495AFF2E7FE5FBA2FA45" blockId="22.[132,775,1949,2027]" lastBlockId="22.[811,1455,1361,1412]" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071">
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<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF81495AFF2E7FE5FEF1F874" authority="Salter, 1866 b: 299" authorityName="Salter" authorityPageNumber="299" authorityYear="1866" box="[132,301,1949,1973]" class="Trilobita" family="Paradoxididae" genus="Paradoxides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Redlichiida" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hicksi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF81495AFF2E7FE5FEF1F874" box="[132,301,1949,1973]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071">Paradoxides hicksi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
–
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF81495AFEEF7FE5FE21F874" author="Cobbold" box="[325,509,1949,1973]" firstAuthor="Cobbold" page="47" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071" pagination="45 - 50" refId="ref24262" refString="COBBOLD E. S. 1913. - Two Species of Paradoxides from Neve's Castle (Shropshire). The Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London 69: 45 - 50. https: // doi. org / 10.1144 / gsl. jgs. 1913.069.01 - 04.05" type="journal article" year="1913">Cobbold 1913: 47</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, 48, pl. 4, figs 1-5. —
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF81495AFD727FE5FF2CF811" author="Lake" firstAuthor="Lake" page="196" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071" pagination="173 - 196" refId="ref27378" refString="LAKE P. 1934. - Monograph of the British Cambrian Trilobites, Part 8. Monograph of the Palaeontographical Society, London 86: 173 - 196. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 02693445.1934.12035626" type="journal article" year="1934">Lake 1934: 196</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, pl. 25, figs 4-9 (?);1935: 197-200, pl. 36, figs 1, 2, 2a. —
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF81495AFF6E7FABFE44F82A" author="Hutchinson" box="[196,408,2003,2027]" firstAuthor="Hutchinson" page="76" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071" pagination="1 - 124" refId="ref26581" refString="HUTCHINSON R. D. 1952. - The stratigraphy and trilobite faunas of the Cambrian sedimentary rocks of Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia. Geological Survey of Canada Memoir 263: 1 - 124. https: // doi. org / 10.4095 / 101599" type="journal article" year="1952">Hutchinson 1952: 76</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, pl. 2, fig. 5(?); 1962: 113, 114, pl. 18, figs 4-12; pl. 19, figs 1, 2. —
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF81495AFBEB7D29FAFFFAA9" author="Egorova" box="[1089,1315,1361,1385]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Egorova" page="77" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071" pagination="1 - 145" refId="ref24623" refString="EGOROVA L. I., SHABANOV Y. Y., PEGEL T. V., SAVITSKY V. E., SUCHOV S. S. & TCHERNYSHEVA N. E. 1982. - The stratotype area of the Maya Stage (middle Cambrian of the south-eastern Siberian Platform). Interdepartmental Stratigraphic Committee of the USSR, Transactions 8: 1 - 145." type="journal article" year="1982">
|
||
Egorova
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF81495AFB3D7D2AFB19FAA8" box="[1175,1221,1361,1385]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1982: 77
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, pl. 1, figs 4-6; pl. 2, figs 10, 11; pl. 3, figs 11, 12.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCC36A0FF81495AFC877DE3FBB3FA0F" blockId="22.[811,1455,1435,1486]" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB63118EFF81495AFC877DE3FBB3FA0F" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF81495AFC877DE3FC2EFA72" authority="(Salter, 1866 b)" baseAuthorityName="Salter" baseAuthorityYear="1866" box="[813,1010,1435,1459]" class="Trilobita" family="Chengkouaspidae" genus="Hydrocephalus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Redlichiida" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hicksii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF81495AFC877DE3FC2EFA72" box="[813,1010,1435,1459]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071">Hydrocephalus hicksii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
–
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AD210B1FF81495AFBAC7DE3FB62FA72" author="Fletcher" box="[1030,1214,1435,1459]" page="93" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071" year="1972">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF81495AFBAC7DE3FB62FA72" author="Fletcher" box="[1030,1214,1435,1459]" firstAuthor="Fletcher" page="93" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071" refId="ref24893" refString="FLETCHER T. P. 1972 b. - Geology and Lower to Middle Cambrian Trilobite Faunas of the Southwest Avalon, Newfoundland, Part Two, Palaeontology & Bibliography. Unpublished PhD thesis, University of Cambridge, 294 p." type="book" year="1972" yearSuffix="b">Fletcher 1972b: 93</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, 94, pl. 47, fig. 15; pl. 48, figs 2-6; pl. 49, figs 1-5, 7-10 (?).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCC36A0FF81495AFC877D9DFA73FA3F" blockId="22.[813,1455,1509,1534]" box="[813,1455,1509,1534]" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB63118EFF81495AFC877D9DFA73FA3F" box="[813,1455,1509,1534]" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF81495AFC877D9DFBBDFA3C" authorityName="Salter" authorityYear="1866" box="[813,1121,1509,1534]" class="Trilobita" family="Paradoxididae" genus="Paradoxides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Redlichiida" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hicksii" subGenus="Paradoxides">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF81495AFC877D9DFC47FA3C" box="[813,923,1509,1533]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071">Paradoxides</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF81495AFC037D9DFBCBFA3C" box="[937,1047,1509,1533]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071">Paradoxides</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF81495AFB8F7D9DFBBDFA3C" box="[1061,1121,1509,1533]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071">hicksii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
–
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AD210B1FF81495AFBD27D9DFAB1FA3C" author="Morris & Fortey" box="[1144,1389,1509,1534]" page="7" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071" year="1985">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF81495AFBD27D9DFAB1FA3C" author="Morris & Fortey" box="[1144,1389,1509,1534]" firstAuthor="Morris" page="7" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071" refId="ref28358" refString="MORRIS S. F. & FORTEY R. A. 1985. - Catalogue of the Type and Figured Specimens of Trilobita in the British Museum (Natural History). Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History), Great Britain, London, 183 p." type="book" year="1985">Morris & Fortey 1985: 7</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, fig. 2.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCC36A0FF81495AFC877E6DFC67F986" blockId="22.[813,1455,1557,1608]" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB63118EFF81495AFC877E6DFC67F986" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF81495AFC877E6DFB5AF9EC" authorityName="Salter" authorityYear="1866" box="[813,1158,1557,1581]" class="Trilobita" family="Paradoxididae" genus="Paradoxides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Redlichiida" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hicksii" subGenus="Hydrocephalus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF81495AFC877E6DFC41F9EC" box="[813,925,1557,1581]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071">Paradoxides</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF81495AFC047E6DFBE5F9EC" box="[942,1081,1557,1581]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071">Hydrocephalus</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF81495AFBE37E6DFB5AF9EC" box="[1097,1158,1557,1581]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071">hicksii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
–
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AD210B1FF81495AFB0F7E6DFA76F9EC" author="Martin & Dean" box="[1189,1450,1557,1581]" page="19" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071" year="1988">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF81495AFB0F7E6DFA76F9EC" author="Martin & Dean" box="[1189,1450,1557,1581]" firstAuthor="Martin" page="19" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071" pagination="1 - 91" refId="ref27973" refString="MARTIN F. & DEAN W. T. 1988. - Middle and upper Cambrian acritarch and trilobite zonation at Manuels River and Random Island, eastern Newfoundland. Geological Survey of Canada Bulletin 381 (1): 1 - 91." type="journal article" year="1988">Martin & Dean 1988: 19</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, pl. 3, figs 4, 7.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCC36A0FF81495AFC877E18FB45F96C" blockId="22.[813,1455,1632,1709]" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF81495AFC877E18FC10F9B9" baseAuthorityName="Salter" baseAuthorityYear="1866" box="[813,972,1632,1656]" class="Trilobita" family="Centropleuridae" genus="Plutonides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Redlichiida" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hicksii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF81495AFC877E18FC10F9B9" box="[813,972,1632,1656]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071">Plutonides hicksii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
–
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF81495AFC4A7E18FB18F9B9" author="Whittington" box="[992,1220,1632,1656]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Whittington" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071" refId="ref31134" refString="WHITTINGTON H. B., CHATTERTON B. D. E., SPEYER S. E., FORTEY R. A., OWENS R. M., CHANG W. T., DEAN W. T., JELL P. A., LAURIE J. R., PALMER A. R., REPINA L. N., RUSHTON A. W. A., SHERGOLD J. H., CLARKSON E. N. K., WILMONT N. V. & KELLY S. R. A., 1997. - Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part O, Arthropoda 1, Trilobita, Revised. Geological Society of America and University of Kansas, Boulder, Colorado, and Lawrence, Kansas, 530 p." type="book" year="1997">
|
||
Whittington
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF81495AFBC87E18FB53F9B9" box="[1122,1167,1632,1656]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1997
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: figs 306.1a-c. —
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF81495AFADA7E18FC4AF953" author="Young" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Young" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071" refId="ref31407" refString="YOUNG T. P., GIBBONS W. & MCCARROLL D. 2002. - Geology of the country around Pwllheli. The Stationery Office, London, 151 p." type="book" year="2002">
|
||
Young
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF81495AFC877E03FC81F953" box="[813,861,1658,1682]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2002
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: pl. 4, figs xi, xii. —
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF81495AFBC47E02FAEDF953" author="Rushton" box="[1134,1329,1658,1682]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Rushton" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071" pagination="391 - 401" refId="ref29375" refString="RUSHTON A. W. A. & WEIDNER T. 2007. - The Middle Cambrian paradoxidid trilobite Hydrocephalus from Jamtland, central Sweden. Acta Geologica Polonica 57 (4): 391 - 401." type="journal article" year="2007">
|
||
Rushton
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF81495AFB627E03FB24F953" box="[1224,1272,1658,1682]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2007
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 8e (
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF81495AFA217E03FA73F953" box="[1419,1455,1659,1682]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071">non</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF81495AFC877EEDFC23F96C" author="Vanek" box="[813,1023,1685,1709]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Vanek" page="36" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071" pagination="36 - 38" refId="ref30599" refString="VANEK J., VALICEK J. & VOKAC V. 1999. - Plutonides hicksi (Salter) from the Middle Cambrian of Skryje-Tyrovice are (Czech Republic). Palaeontologia Bohemiae 5 (6): 36 - 38." type="journal article" year="1999">
|
||
Vaněk
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF81495AFCDA7EEEFC43F96C" box="[880,927,1685,1709]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1999: 36
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, pl. 1, figs 1-6).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCC36A0FF81495AFC877EBDFC53F936" blockId="22.[813,1455,1733,1783]" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF81495AFC877EBDFC47F91C" ID-CoL="63KFZ" authorityName="Brongniart" authorityYear="1822" box="[813,923,1733,1757]" class="Trilobita" family="Paradoxididae" genus="Paradoxides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Redlichiida" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF81495AFC877EBDFC47F91C" box="[813,923,1733,1757]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071">Paradoxides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF81495AFC157EBDFBFCF91C" authorityName="Hicks" authorityYear="1895" box="[959,1056,1733,1757]" class="Trilobita" family="Centropleuridae" genus="Plutonides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Redlichiida" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF81495AFC157EBDFBFCF91C" box="[959,1056,1733,1757]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071">Plutonides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF81495AFB9B7EBDFBB1F91C" baseAuthorityName="Salter" baseAuthorityYear="1866" box="[1073,1133,1733,1757]" class="Trilobita" family="Centropleuridae" genus="Plutonides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Redlichiida" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hicksii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF81495AFB9B7EBDFBB1F91C" box="[1073,1133,1733,1757]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071">hicksii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(sic) –
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF81495AFB167EBDFAB1F91C" author="Bridge" box="[1212,1389,1733,1757]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Bridge" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071" refId="ref23897" refString="BRIDGE D. M., CARNEY J. N., LAWLEY R. S. & RUSHTON A. W. A. 1998. - Geology of the Country around Coventry and Nuneaton. Stationery Office, London, 185 p." type="book" year="1998">
|
||
Bridge
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF81495AFAA87EBDFAEFF91C" box="[1282,1331,1733,1757]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1998
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: pl. 8, figs g-h, j.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCC36A0FF81495AFC877F77FA6CF8E6" blockId="22.[813,1456,1807,1831]" box="[813,1456,1807,1831]" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF81495AFC877F77FC4BF8E6" ID-CoL="63KFZ" authorityName="Brongniart" authorityYear="1822" box="[813,919,1807,1831]" class="Trilobita" family="Paradoxididae" genus="Paradoxides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Redlichiida" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF81495AFC877F77FC4BF8E6" box="[813,919,1807,1831]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071">Paradoxides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(subgen. nov.)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF81495AFB8B7F77FB86F8E6" baseAuthorityName="Salter" baseAuthorityYear="1866" box="[1057,1114,1807,1831]" class="Trilobita" family="Centropleuridae" genus="Plutonides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Redlichiida" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hicksii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF81495AFB8B7F77FB86F8E6" box="[1057,1114,1807,1831]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071">hicksii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(sic) –
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF81495AFB317F77FAC7F8E6" author="Fletcher" box="[1179,1307,1807,1831]" firstAuthor="Fletcher" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071" refId="ref24935" refString="FLETCHER T. P. 2006. - Bedrock Geology of the Cape St. Mary's Peninsula, Southwest Avalon Peninsula, Newfoundland (includes parts of Nts map sheets 1 M / 1, 1 N / 4, 1 L / 16 and 1 K 13). Report, 06 - 02. Government of Newfoundland and Labrador, Geological Survey, Department of Natural Resources, St. John's, 117 p." type="book" year="2006">Fletcher 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: pl. 34, figs 6-8.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCC36A0FF81495AFC877F47FB53F8B0" blockId="22.[813,1455,1855,1905]" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB63118EFF81495AFC877F47FB53F8B0" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF81495AFC877F47FB5FF896" authorityName="Salter" authorityYear="1866" box="[813,1155,1855,1879]" class="Trilobita" family="Paradoxididae" genus="Paradoxides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Redlichiida" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hicksii" subGenus="Mawddachites">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF81495AFC877F47FC41F896" box="[813,925,1855,1879]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071">Paradoxides</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF81495AFC077F47FBEAF896" box="[941,1078,1855,1879]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071">Mawddachites</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF81495AFBEC7F47FB5FF896" box="[1094,1155,1855,1879]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071">hicksii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
–
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AD210B1FF81495AFB0B7F47FA89F896" author="Fletcher" box="[1185,1365,1855,1879]" page="48" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071" year="2007">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF81495AFB0B7F47FA89F896" author="Fletcher" box="[1185,1365,1855,1879]" firstAuthor="Fletcher" page="48" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071" pagination="35 - 56" refId="ref25012" refString="FLETCHER T. P. 2007. - Correlating the zones of ' Paradoxides hicksii ' and ' Paradoxides davidis ' in Cambrian Series 3. Memoirs of the Association of Australasian Palaeontologists 33: 35 - 56. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 03115510701586855" type="journal article" year="2007">Fletcher 2007: 48</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, figs 8A- F. —
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF81495AFCC97F22FC21F8B0" author="Rees" box="[867,1021,1881,1905]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Rees" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071" pagination="1 - 135" refId="ref28872" refString="REES A., THOMAS A., LEWIS M., HUGHES H. & TURNER P. 2014. - Cambrian of Sw Wales: towards a united Avalonian Stratigraphy. Memoirs of the Geological Society London 42: 1 - 135. https: // doi. org / 10.1144 / m 42.0" type="journal article" year="2014">
|
||
Rees
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF81495AFC3C7F22FC19F8B0" box="[918,965,1881,1905]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2014
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: figs
|
||
<quantity id="4C8B9B45FF81495AFB9A7F21FB81F8B0" box="[1072,1117,1881,1905]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="1.5" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071" unit="g" value="1.5">1.5g</quantity>
|
||
, h, j.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCC36A0FF81495AFC877FF1FA78F860" blockId="22.[813,1444,1929,1953]" box="[813,1444,1929,1953]" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB63118EFF81495AFC877FF1FA78F860" box="[813,1444,1929,1953]" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF81495AFC877FF1FC2AF860" authority="(Salter, 1866 b)" baseAuthorityName="Salter" baseAuthorityYear="1866" box="[813,1014,1929,1953]" class="Trilobita" family="Paradoxididae" genus="Mawddachites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Redlichiida" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hicksii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF81495AFC877FF1FC2AF860" box="[813,1014,1929,1953]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071">Mawddachites hicksii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
–
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AD210B1FF81495AFBA57FF1FAF3F860" author="Weidner & Nielsen" box="[1039,1327,1929,1953]" page="80" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071" year="2014">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF81495AFBA57FF1FAF3F860" author="Weidner & Nielsen" box="[1039,1327,1929,1953]" firstAuthor="Weidner" page="80" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071" pagination="23 - 92" refId="ref30854" refString="WEIDNER T. & NIELSEN A. T. 2014. - A highly diverse trilobite fauna with Avalonian affinities from the middle Cambrian Acidusus atavus Zone (Drumian Stage) of Bornholm, Denmark. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 12 (1): 23 - 92. https: // doi. org / 10.10 80 / 14772019.2012.740080" type="journal article" year="2014">Weidner & Nielsen 2014: 80</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, 81, fig. 48.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCC36A0FF81495AFC877FC1FC57F82A" blockId="22.[813,1455,1977,2027]" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB63118EFF81495AFC877FC1FC57F82A" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF81495AFC877FC1FC20F810" authority="Salter, 1866 b: 299" authorityName="Salter" authorityPageNumber="299" authorityYear="1866" box="[813,1020,1977,2001]" class="Trilobita" family="Paradoxididae" genus="Paradoxides" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Redlichiida" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hicksi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF81495AFC877FC1FC47F810" box="[813,923,1977,2001]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071">Paradoxides</emphasis>
|
||
aff.
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF81495AFC6D7FC1FC20F810" box="[967,1020,1977,2001]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071">hicksi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
–
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AD210B1FF81495AFBBF7FC1FA90F810" author="Bushuev & Makarova" box="[1045,1356,1977,2001]" page="20" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071" year="2016">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF81495AFBBF7FC1FA90F810" author="Bushuev & Makarova" box="[1045,1356,1977,2001]" firstAuthor="Bushuev" page="20" pageId="22" pageNumber="1071" pagination="11 - 23" refId="ref24077" refString="BUSHUEV E. B. & MAKAROVA A. L. 2016. - Middle Cambrian polymerid trilobites of the Chaya Formation from Ust-Mayakaya 366 well (Southeastern Siberian platform). Geology and Mineral Resources of Siberia 3 (27): 11 - 23. https: // doi. org / 10.20403 / 2078 - 0575 - 2016 - 3 - 11 - 23" type="journal article" year="2016">Bushuev & Makarova 2016: 20</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, 21, pl. 1, figs 7, 7a.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF0C6628FF80495BFF2E7F1FFD2EF828" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7477687" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7477687" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7477687/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="1072" startId="23.[132,143,1895,1912]" targetBox="[132,1455,215,1726]" targetPageId="23">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCC36A0FF80495BFF2E7F1FFD2EF828" blockId="23.[132,1455,1895,2025]" pageId="23" pageNumber="1072">
|
||
FIG. 14.
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF80495BFF6D7F1FFF06F8B9" bold="true" box="[199,218,1895,1912]" pageId="23" pageNumber="1072">—</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF80495BFF4A7F1FFE2DF8B9" authority="(Salter, 1866 b)" baseAuthorityName="Salter" baseAuthorityYear="1866" box="[224,497,1895,1912]" class="Trilobita" family="Centropleuridae" genus="Plutonides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Redlichiida" pageId="23" pageNumber="1072" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hicksii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF80495BFF4A7F1FFEACF8B9" box="[224,368,1895,1912]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="1072">Plutonides hicksii</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF80495BFED37F1FFE30F8B9" author="Salter" box="[377,492,1895,1912]" firstAuthor="Salter" pageId="23" pageNumber="1072" pagination="239 - 381" refId="ref29764" refString="SALTER J. W. 1866 b. - On the fossils of North Wales, in RAMSAY A. C. & SALTER J. W. (eds), The Geology of North Wales. Longmans, Green, Reader, and Dyer, London: 239 - 381." type="book chapter" year="1866" yearSuffix="b">Salter, 1866b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF80495BFE537F1FFDDAF8B9" bold="true" box="[505,518,1895,1912]" pageId="23" pageNumber="1072">A</emphasis>
|
||
, internal cast of a juvenile cranidium, smallest described specimen in this work with long preglabellar field (NFM F-3177 from 10.27 m);
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF80495BFE957F05FE90F84F" bold="true" box="[319,332,1917,1934]" pageId="23" pageNumber="1072">B</emphasis>
|
||
, internal cast of a juvenile cranidium,deep glabellar furrows,ornamentation on fixigenae preserved (NFM F-3220 from 7.59 m);
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF80495BFAF17F05FAB5F84F" bold="true" box="[1371,1385,1917,1934]" pageId="23" pageNumber="1072">C</emphasis>
|
||
, internal cast of a juvenile cranidium, deep glabellar furrows (NFM F-3026 from 9.63 m);
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF80495BFC8A7FECFCF2F864" bold="true" box="[800,814,1940,1957]" pageId="23" pageNumber="1072">D</emphasis>
|
||
, internal cast of a juvenile cranidium, with occipital node and ornamentation on fixigenae preserved (NFM F-3176 from 10.27 m);
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF80495BFD927FD3FD98F87D" bold="true" box="[568,580,1963,1980]" pageId="23" pageNumber="1072">E</emphasis>
|
||
, internal cast of a juvenile cranidium, short preglabellar field, occipital node preserved (NFM F-3067 from 3.33 m);
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF80495BFF647FBAFF05F812" bold="true" box="[206,217,1986,2003]" pageId="23" pageNumber="1072">F</emphasis>
|
||
, internal cast of a juvenile cranidium, short preglabellar field, glabellar furrows less deeply impressed than in junger specimens A-D, S2 furrow shallower axial to discontinuous (NFM F-3947 from 4.28 m). Scale bars: 1 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF0C6628FF8F4954FF2E7FECFEC8F828" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7477689" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7477689" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7477689/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="1073" startId="24.[132,143,1940,1957]" targetBox="[250,1337,215,1878]" targetPageId="24">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCC36A0FF8F4954FF2E7FECFEC8F828" blockId="24.[132,1456,1940,2025]" pageId="24" pageNumber="1073">
|
||
FIG. 15.
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF8F4954FF6C7FECFF05F864" bold="true" box="[198,217,1940,1957]" pageId="24" pageNumber="1073">—</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF8F4954FF777FECFE31F864" authority="(Salter, 1866 b)" baseAuthorityName="Salter" baseAuthorityYear="1866" box="[221,493,1940,1957]" class="Trilobita" family="Centropleuridae" genus="Plutonides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Redlichiida" pageId="24" pageNumber="1073" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hicksii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF8F4954FF777FECFEB1F864" box="[221,365,1940,1957]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="1073">Plutonides hicksii</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF8F4954FEDC7FECFE34F864" author="Salter" box="[374,488,1940,1957]" firstAuthor="Salter" pageId="24" pageNumber="1073" pagination="239 - 381" refId="ref29764" refString="SALTER J. W. 1866 b. - On the fossils of North Wales, in RAMSAY A. C. & SALTER J. W. (eds), The Geology of North Wales. Longmans, Green, Reader, and Dyer, London: 239 - 381." type="book chapter" year="1866" yearSuffix="b">Salter, 1866b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF8F4954FE5E7FECFDDDF864" bold="true" box="[500,513,1940,1957]" pageId="24" pageNumber="1073">A</emphasis>
|
||
, internal cast of a cranidium,occipital node preserved, with a vertical groove crossing the cranidium (NFM F-2781 from 4.52 m);
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF8F4954FF5C7FD3FEDFF87D" bold="true" box="[246,259,1963,1980]" pageId="24" pageNumber="1073">B</emphasis>
|
||
, internal cast of a cranidium with preserved exoskleleton (NFM F-3894 from 2.96 m);
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF8F4954FC6B7FD3FC13F87D" bold="true" box="[961,975,1963,1980]" pageId="24" pageNumber="1073">C</emphasis>
|
||
, internal cast of a cranidium, occipital node and ornamentation on fixigenae preserved (NFM F-2861 from 2.53);
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF8F4954FDE47FBAFD80F812" bold="true" box="[590,604,1986,2003]" pageId="24" pageNumber="1073">D</emphasis>
|
||
, internal cast of a cranidium, with a vertical groove crossing the cranidium (NFM F-3258 from 4.06 m). Scale bar: 3 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C369652BFF8E4955FF2E78A0FE3AFEFE" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCC36A0FF8E4955FF2E78A0FE3AFEFE" blockId="25.[131,776,215,319]" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B1B3CFDFF8E4955FF2E78A0FE3AFEFE" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4003346311" collectionCode="BGS" country="United Kingdom" location="Clogau Formation, Menevian Group of the Mawddach valley" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" specimenCode="BGS(GSM) 10113" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Gwynedd" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C88802FF8E4955FF2E78A0FF33FF2F" box="[132,239,216,239]" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
|
||
. —
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D75FD29FF8E4955FEB078AFFEA5FF2E" box="[282,377,215,239]" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" type="generic">Specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
no.
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBD59EDBFF8E4955FE0978A0FDBCFF31" box="[419,608,216,240]" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">BGS(GSM) 10113</specimenCode>
|
||
, British Geological Survey, London, United Kingdom by original designation, from the
|
||
<location id="8EAC607BFF8E4955FF027974FCDEFEE5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DA87B6FF814955FEB87E0EFAF9F82A:8EAC607BFF8E4955FF027974FCDEFEE5" box="[168,770,268,293]" country="United Kingdom" name="Clogau Formation, Menevian Group of the Mawddach valley" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" stateProvince="Gwynedd">Clogau Formation, Menevian Group of the Mawddach valley</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B7F842FF8E4955FF2E795FFF3BFEFE" box="[132,231,295,319]" country="United Kingdom" name="Gwynedd" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">Gwynedd</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3647630FF8E4955FF5B795FFEF1FEFE" box="[241,301,295,319]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">Wales</collectingCountry>
|
||
, United Kingdom.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C369652BFF8E4955FF2E792FFDB7FE19" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCC36A0FF8E4955FF2E792FFDB7FE19" blockId="25.[131,775,342,472]" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">
|
||
DIAGNOSIS. — S1 shallowing and curving backwards axially, S2 and S3 curving forward, S3 and S4 short, all well-defined; occipital ring broadens axially; pygidium nearly circular in outline with wide axis ending in a blunt point at about half pygidial length (based on
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF8E4955FD7D79DEFF6BFE19" author="Lake" firstAuthor="Lake" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" pagination="173 - 196" refId="ref27378" refString="LAKE P. 1934. - Monograph of the British Cambrian Trilobites, Part 8. Monograph of the Palaeontographical Society, London 86: 173 - 196. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 02693445.1934.12035626" type="journal article" year="1934">Lake 1934</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF8E4955FF6E79B8FF2BFE19" author="Lake" box="[196,247,448,472]" firstAuthor="Lake" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" pagination="197 - 224" refId="ref27417" refString="LAKE P. 1935. - Monograph of the British Cambrian Trilobites, Part 9. Monograph of the Palaeontographical Society, London 88: 197 - 224. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 02693445.1935.12035634" type="journal article" year="1935">1935</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF8E4955FEA979B8FE4BFE19" author="Fletcher" box="[259,407,448,472]" firstAuthor="Fletcher" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" refId="ref24893" refString="FLETCHER T. P. 1972 b. - Geology and Lower to Middle Cambrian Trilobite Faunas of the Southwest Avalon, Newfoundland, Part Two, Palaeontology & Bibliography. Unpublished PhD thesis, University of Cambridge, 294 p." type="book" year="1972" yearSuffix="b">Fletcher 1972b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, with modifications).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C369652BFF8E4955FF2E7988FCD4FD96" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCC36A0FF8E4955FF2E7988FCD4FD96" blockId="25.[132,776,496,600]" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">
|
||
MATERIAL EXAMINED. —
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B1B3CFDFF8E4955FED07988FCD8FD96" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4003346310" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">
|
||
101 cranidia and 21 pygidia of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF8E4955FD0E7988FF1CFDE3" baseAuthorityName="Salter" baseAuthorityYear="1866" class="Trilobita" family="Centropleuridae" genus="Plutonides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Redlichiida" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hicksii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF8E4955FD0E7988FF1CFDE3" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">Plutonides hicksii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(for
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED62AE65FF8E4955FF5E7A73FEF1FDE3" box="[244,301,523,546]" country="Canada" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15126" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15126" name="The Rooms Corporation of Newfoundland and Labrador, Provincial Museum Division" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" type="Museum">NFM</collectionCode>
|
||
numbers see Appendix 1). All specimens range between 1.96 and
|
||
<quantity id="4C8B9B45FF8E4955FE977A5DFE4DFDFD" box="[317,401,549,573]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.037" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" unit="m" value="10.37">10.37 m</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13482A25FF8E4955FE357A5DFE04FDFC" box="[415,472,549,573]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="5.[132,143,1986,2003]" captionTargetBox="[160,1402,216,1896]" captionTargetId="graphics-15@5.[160,1399,257,1895]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIG. 2. — Lithology of the type locality of the Manuels River Formation, range chart of the here described species. Agnostid biozones from Hildenbrand et al. (2021) and polymerid biozones from Howell (1925)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7477661" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7477661/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
) of the Manuels River Formation,
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C88802FF8E4955FF1D7A38FF3DFD99" box="[183,225,576,600]" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality, Conception Bay South, Newfoundland,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3647630FF8E4955FD1D7A47FCD8FD96" box="[695,772,575,599]" name="Canada" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">Canada</collectingCountry>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C369652BFF8E4955FF2E7A17FEA4FC1E" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCC36A0FF8E4955FF2E7A17FEA4FC1E" blockId="25.[130,776,623,991]" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">
|
||
OCCURRENCE. —
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF8E4955FE937A17FE00FD46" baseAuthorityName="Salter" baseAuthorityYear="1866" box="[313,476,623,647]" class="Trilobita" family="Centropleuridae" genus="Plutonides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Redlichiida" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hicksii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF8E4955FE937A17FE00FD46" box="[313,476,623,647]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">Plutonides hicksii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a regional biostratigraphical marker for the middle Cambrian (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF8E4955FE627AF1FD99FD60" author="Howell" box="[456,581,649,673]" firstAuthor="Howell" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" pagination="1 - 140" refId="ref26390" refString="HOWELL B. F. 1925. - The faunas of the Cambrian Paradoxides Beds at Manuels, Newfoundland. Bulletins of American Paleontology 11 (43): 1 - 140. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 30406756" type="journal article" year="1925">Howell 1925</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF8E4955FDFA7AF1FD69FD60" author="Lake" box="[592,693,649,673]" firstAuthor="Lake" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" pagination="197 - 224" refId="ref27417" refString="LAKE P. 1935. - Monograph of the British Cambrian Trilobites, Part 9. Monograph of the Palaeontographical Society, London 88: 197 - 224. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 02693445.1935.12035634" type="journal article" year="1935">Lake 1935</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF8E4955FD6A7AF1FF2EFD7D" author="Hutchinson" firstAuthor="Hutchinson" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" pagination="1 - 156" refId="ref26628" refString="HUTCHINSON R. D. 1962. - Cambrian stratigraphy and trilobite faunas of southeastern Newfoundland. Geological Survey of Canada Bulletin 88 (1): 1 - 156. https: // doi. org / 10.4095 / 123902" type="journal article" year="1962">Hutchinson 1962</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and has been documented from southeastern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3647630FF8E4955FD1C7ADCFCDFFD7D" box="[694,771,676,700]" name="Canada" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">Canada</collectingCountry>
|
||
, eastern Newfoundland, in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF8E4955FE127AC6FDB9FD17" box="[440,613,702,726]" class="Trilobita" family="Paradoxididae" genus="Paradoxides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Redlichiida" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hicksi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF8E4955FE127AC6FDB9FD17" box="[440,613,702,726]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">Paradoxides hicksi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF8E4955FD337AC6FEDDFD31" authority="zones" authorityName="Zones" class="Trilobita" family="Paradoxididae" genus="Paradoxides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Redlichiida" pageId="25" pageNumber="1064" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="davidis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF8E4955FD337AC6FF1BFD30" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">Paradoxides davidis</emphasis>
|
||
zones
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF8E4955FEA57AA1FE60FD30" author="Hutchinson" box="[271,444,729,753]" firstAuthor="Hutchinson" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" pagination="1 - 156" refId="ref26628" refString="HUTCHINSON R. D. 1962. - Cambrian stratigraphy and trilobite faunas of southeastern Newfoundland. Geological Survey of Canada Bulletin 88 (1): 1 - 156. https: // doi. org / 10.4095 / 123902" type="journal article" year="1962">Hutchinson 1962</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF8E4955FE6D7AA1FD71FD30" author="Whittington" box="[455,685,729,753]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Whittington" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" refId="ref31134" refString="WHITTINGTON H. B., CHATTERTON B. D. E., SPEYER S. E., FORTEY R. A., OWENS R. M., CHANG W. T., DEAN W. T., JELL P. A., LAURIE J. R., PALMER A. R., REPINA L. N., RUSHTON A. W. A., SHERGOLD J. H., CLARKSON E. N. K., WILMONT N. V. & KELLY S. R. A., 1997. - Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part O, Arthropoda 1, Trilobita, Revised. Geological Society of America and University of Kansas, Boulder, Colorado, and Lawrence, Kansas, 530 p." type="book" year="1997">
|
||
Whittington
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF8E4955FDE27AA2FDAAFD30" box="[584,630,729,753]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1997
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF8E4955FD127AA1FF69FCCA" author="Fletcher" firstAuthor="Fletcher" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" refId="ref24935" refString="FLETCHER T. P. 2006. - Bedrock Geology of the Cape St. Mary's Peninsula, Southwest Avalon Peninsula, Newfoundland (includes parts of Nts map sheets 1 M / 1, 1 N / 4, 1 L / 16 and 1 K 13). Report, 06 - 02. Government of Newfoundland and Labrador, Geological Survey, Department of Natural Resources, St. John's, 117 p." type="book" year="2006">Fletcher 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF8E4955FF6A7A8BFF2DFCCA" author="Fletcher" box="[192,241,755,779]" firstAuthor="Fletcher" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" pagination="35 - 56" refId="ref25012" refString="FLETCHER T. P. 2007. - Correlating the zones of ' Paradoxides hicksii ' and ' Paradoxides davidis ' in Cambrian Series 3. Memoirs of the Association of Australasian Palaeontologists 33: 35 - 56. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 03115510701586855" type="journal article" year="2007">2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Further occurrences are in southeastern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3647630FF8E4955FDDA7A8BFD64FCCA" box="[624,696,755,779]" name="Canada" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">Canada</collectingCountry>
|
||
in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B7F842FF8E4955FD7E7A8CFF61FCE7" country="Canada" name="Nova Scotia" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">Nova Scotia</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF8E4955FF677B76FEA7FCE7" author="Hutchinson" box="[205,379,782,806]" firstAuthor="Hutchinson" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" pagination="1 - 124" refId="ref26581" refString="HUTCHINSON R. D. 1952. - The stratigraphy and trilobite faunas of the Cambrian sedimentary rocks of Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia. Geological Survey of Canada Memoir 263: 1 - 124. https: // doi. org / 10.4095 / 101599" type="journal article" year="1952">Hutchinson 1952</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3647630FF8E4955FE247B76FDE9FCE7" box="[398,565,782,806]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">United Kingdom</collectingCountry>
|
||
in Wales (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF8E4955FD307B76FF3EFC81" baseAuthorityName="Linnarsson" baseAuthorityYear="1869" class="Trilobita" family="Ptychagnostidae" genus="Ptychagnostus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agnostida" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gibbus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF8E4955FD307B76FF3EFC81" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">Ptychagnostus gibbus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF8E4955FEAD7B51FE6EFC81" box="[263,434,808,832]" class="Trilobita" family="Ptychagnostidae" genus="Tomagnostus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agnostida" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fissus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF8E4955FEAD7B51FE6EFC81" box="[263,434,808,832]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">Tomagnostus fissus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
zones;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF8E4955FE577B50FD16FC81" author="Salter & Hicks" box="[509,714,808,832]" firstAuthor="Salter" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" pagination="51 - 57" refId="ref29866" refString="SALTER J. W. & HICKS H. 1869. - On some fossils from the " Menevian Group ". The Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London 25 (1): 51 - 57. https: // doi. org / 10.1144 / gsl. jgs. 1868.024.01 - 02.61" type="journal article" year="1869">Salter & Hicks 1869</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF8E4955FD727B50FF6BFC9A" author="Lake" firstAuthor="Lake" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" pagination="173 - 196" refId="ref27378" refString="LAKE P. 1934. - Monograph of the British Cambrian Trilobites, Part 8. Monograph of the Palaeontographical Society, London 86: 173 - 196. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 02693445.1934.12035626" type="journal article" year="1934">Lake 1934</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF8E4955FF6E7B3BFE5EFC9A" author="Thomas" box="[196,386,835,859]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Thomas" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" pagination="1 - 78" refId="ref30468" refString="THOMAS A. T., OWENS R. M. & RUSHTON A. W. A. 1984. - Trilobites in British stratigraphy. Geological Society of London Special Report 16: 1 - 78. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / gj. 3350200210" type="book chapter" year="1984">
|
||
Thomas
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF8E4955FEB37B3BFE95FC9A" box="[281,329,835,859]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1984
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF8E4955FE257B3BFDA7FC9A" author="Whittington" box="[399,635,835,859]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Whittington" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" refId="ref31134" refString="WHITTINGTON H. B., CHATTERTON B. D. E., SPEYER S. E., FORTEY R. A., OWENS R. M., CHANG W. T., DEAN W. T., JELL P. A., LAURIE J. R., PALMER A. R., REPINA L. N., RUSHTON A. W. A., SHERGOLD J. H., CLARKSON E. N. K., WILMONT N. V. & KELLY S. R. A., 1997. - Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part O, Arthropoda 1, Trilobita, Revised. Geological Society of America and University of Kansas, Boulder, Colorado, and Lawrence, Kansas, 530 p." type="book" year="1997">
|
||
Whittington
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF8E4955FDB87B3BFD9DFC9A" box="[530,577,835,859]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1997
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3647630FF8E4955FD1F7B3BFCDBFC9A" box="[693,775,835,859]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">England</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF8E4955FF267B25FE8DFCB4" baseAuthorityName="Linnarsson" baseAuthorityYear="1869" box="[140,337,861,885]" class="Trilobita" family="Ptychagnostidae" genus="Ptychagnostus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agnostida" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gibbus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF8E4955FF267B25FE8DFCB4" box="[140,337,861,885]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">Ptychagnostus gibbus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF8E4955FEDD7B26FDF8FCB4" box="[375,548,861,885]" class="Trilobita" family="Ptychagnostidae" genus="Tomagnostus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agnostida" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fissus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF8E4955FEDD7B26FDF8FCB4" box="[375,548,861,885]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">Tomagnostus fissus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
zones;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF8E4955FDDA7B25FCDCFCB4" author="Cobbold" box="[624,768,861,885]" firstAuthor="Cobbold" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" pagination="45 - 50" refId="ref24262" refString="COBBOLD E. S. 1913. - Two Species of Paradoxides from Neve's Castle (Shropshire). The Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London 69: 45 - 50. https: // doi. org / 10.1144 / gsl. jgs. 1913.069.01 - 04.05" type="journal article" year="1913">Cobbold 1913</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF8E4955FF2E7B0FFEE2FC51" author="Thomas" box="[132,318,887,912]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Thomas" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" pagination="1 - 78" refId="ref30468" refString="THOMAS A. T., OWENS R. M. & RUSHTON A. W. A. 1984. - Trilobites in British stratigraphy. Geological Society of London Special Report 16: 1 - 78. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / gj. 3350200210" type="book chapter" year="1984">
|
||
Thomas
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF8E4955FF727B00FEDAFC4E" box="[216,262,887,911]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1984
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF8E4955FEE07B0FFE2AFC51" author="Bridge" box="[330,502,887,912]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Bridge" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" refId="ref23897" refString="BRIDGE D. M., CARNEY J. N., LAWLEY R. S. & RUSHTON A. W. A. 1998. - Geology of the Country around Coventry and Nuneaton. Stationery Office, London, 185 p." type="book" year="1998">
|
||
Bridge
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF8E4955FE257B00FE62FC4E" box="[399,446,887,911]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1998
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3647630FF8E4955FDA37B0FFDBBFC4E" box="[521,615,887,911]" name="Denmark" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">Denmark</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF8E4955FDDF7B0FFF66FC68" authority="Zone" authorityName="Zone" class="Trilobita" family="Ptychagnostidae" genus="Acidusus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agnostida" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atavus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF8E4955FDDF7B0FFCDBFC4E" box="[629,775,887,911]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">Acidusus atavus</emphasis>
|
||
Zone
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF8E4955FF6E7BEAFE84FC6B" author="Gronwall" box="[196,344,914,938]" firstAuthor="Gronwall" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" pagination="1 - 230" refId="ref25638" refString="GRONWALL K. A. 1902. - Bornholms Paradoxideslag og deres fauna. Danmarks geologiske Undersogelse, II Raekke 13 (1): 1 - 230." type="journal article" year="1902">Grönwall 1902</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF8E4955FEC97BEAFD84FC6B" author="Weidner & Nielsen" box="[355,600,914,938]" firstAuthor="Weidner" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" pagination="23 - 92" refId="ref30854" refString="WEIDNER T. & NIELSEN A. T. 2014. - A highly diverse trilobite fauna with Avalonian affinities from the middle Cambrian Acidusus atavus Zone (Drumian Stage) of Bornholm, Denmark. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 12 (1): 23 - 92. https: // doi. org / 10.10 80 / 14772019.2012.740080" type="journal article" year="2014">Weidner & Nielsen 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3647630FF8E4955FD257BEAFD05FC6B" box="[655,729,914,938]" name="Sweden" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">Sweden</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF8E4955FD4D7BEBFEC4FC04" class="Trilobita" family="Ptychagnostidae" genus="Tomagnostus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agnostida" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fissus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF8E4955FD4D7BEBFEC4FC04" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">Tomagnostus fissus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF8E4955FEE47BD4FDCDFC05" box="[334,529,940,964]" class="Trilobita" family="Ptychagnostidae" genus="Ptychagnostus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agnostida" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atavus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF8E4955FEE47BD4FDCDFC05" box="[334,529,940,964]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">Ptychagnostus atavus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
zones;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF8E4955FDF67BD4FCDCFC04" author="Linnarsson" box="[604,768,940,965]" firstAuthor="Linnarsson" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" pagination="1 - 31" refId="ref27862" refString="LINNARSSON G. 1879. - Om faunan i kalken med Conocoryphe exsulans (" Coronatuskalken "). Sveriges Geologiska Undersokning, Ser. C 35: 1 - 31." type="journal article" year="1879">Linnarsson 1879</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF8E4955FF2E7BBFFF65FC1E" author="Linnarsson" box="[132,185,967,991]" firstAuthor="Linnarsson" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" pagination="1 - 48" refId="ref27894" refString="LINNARSSON G. 1882. - De undre Paradoxideslagren vid Andrarum. Sveriges Geologiska Undersokning, Ser. C 54: 1 - 48." type="journal article" year="1882">1882</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF8E4955FF697BBFFEB6FC1E" author="Westergard" box="[195,362,967,991]" firstAuthor="Westergard" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" pagination="1 - 59" refId="ref31006" refString="WESTERGARD A. H. 1953. - Non-agnostidean trilobites of the Middle Cambrian of Sweden 3. Sveriges Geologiska Undersokning, Ser. C 526 (2): 1 - 59." type="journal article" year="1953">Westergård 1953</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C369652BFF8E4955FF2E7C6DFE93F9ED" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCC36A0FF8E4955FF2E7C6DFEC9FBEC" blockId="25.[130,777,1045,1581]" box="[132,277,1045,1071]" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCC36A0FF8E4955FF2E7C4CFE93F9ED" blockId="25.[130,777,1045,1581]" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">
|
||
The cranidia range from 3.0 mm to 51.0 mm width and from
|
||
<quantity id="4C8B9B45FF8E4955FF697C2CFEC5FBAE" box="[195,281,1108,1135]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" unit="mm" value="2.5">2.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
to 41.0 mm length. The width of the pygidia varies from 5.0 to 28.0 mm and from 4.0 mm to 24.0 mm in length. Both cranidia and pygidia are well-preserved as internal casts and moulds. Some cranidial internal cast have a groove running from the frontal margin across the glabella towards the outer margin of the middle of the occipital ring. In at least two thirds of the specimens, the occipital ring bears a small node. On the cranidia, the finely reticulate, ridged surface ornamentation is best preserved on the genae. In smaller specimens, the glabellar furrows are more deeply impressed, with S2 almost transglabellar. The glabella is short with a long preglabellar field towards the outer margin. The glabella in the anterior third is more domed than in bigger specimens. In specimens with an occipital ring, the latter also bears a small node.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C369652BFF8E4955FF2E7E2BFAF9F82A" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCC36A0FF8E4955FF2E7E2BFF34F9AC" blockId="25.[130,775,1619,2028]" box="[132,232,1619,1645]" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">REMARKS</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCC36A0FF8E4955FF2E7E0AFB02FA6C" blockId="25.[130,775,1619,2028]" lastBlockId="25.[811,1457,215,2028]" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF8E4955FF2E7E0AFEE7F94D" baseAuthorityName="Salter" baseAuthorityYear="1866" box="[132,315,1650,1676]" class="Trilobita" family="Centropleuridae" genus="Plutonides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Redlichiida" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hicksii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF8E4955FF2E7E0AFEE7F94D" box="[132,315,1650,1676]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">Plutonides hicksii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has been assigned to different genera (e.g.,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF8E4955FF297EEAFEF5F96D" author="Fletcher" box="[131,297,1682,1708]" firstAuthor="Fletcher" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" refId="ref24893" refString="FLETCHER T. P. 1972 b. - Geology and Lower to Middle Cambrian Trilobite Faunas of the Southwest Avalon, Newfoundland, Part Two, Palaeontology & Bibliography. Unpublished PhD thesis, University of Cambridge, 294 p." type="book" year="1972" yearSuffix="b">Fletcher 1972b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF8E4955FE9D7EEAFEACF96D" author="Fletcher" box="[311,368,1682,1708]" firstAuthor="Fletcher" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" pagination="35 - 56" refId="ref25012" refString="FLETCHER T. P. 2007. - Correlating the zones of ' Paradoxides hicksii ' and ' Paradoxides davidis ' in Cambrian Series 3. Memoirs of the Association of Australasian Palaeontologists 33: 35 - 56. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 03115510701586855" type="journal article" year="2007">2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF8E4955FED77EEAFD5CF96D" author="Whittington" box="[381,640,1682,1708]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Whittington" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" refId="ref31134" refString="WHITTINGTON H. B., CHATTERTON B. D. E., SPEYER S. E., FORTEY R. A., OWENS R. M., CHANG W. T., DEAN W. T., JELL P. A., LAURIE J. R., PALMER A. R., REPINA L. N., RUSHTON A. W. A., SHERGOLD J. H., CLARKSON E. N. K., WILMONT N. V. & KELLY S. R. A., 1997. - Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part O, Arthropoda 1, Trilobita, Revised. Geological Society of America and University of Kansas, Boulder, Colorado, and Lawrence, Kansas, 530 p." type="book" year="1997">
|
||
Whittington
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF8E4955FDA47EEBFD9EF96D" box="[526,578,1682,1708]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1997
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF8E4955FD277EEAFF61F90D" author="Geyer" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Geyer" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" refId="ref25491" refString="GEYER G., LANDING E. & ZYLINSKA A. 2022. - A new look at Eccaparadoxides (Cambrian, Trilobita) and its biostratigraphic significance. PalZ 2021: (online only). https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 12542 - 021 - 00580 - 9" type="journal volume" year="2022">
|
||
Geyer
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF8E4955FD7E7EEBFCDBF96D" box="[724,775,1682,1708]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2022
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). It was first described as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF8E4955FE7C7ECAFD8FF90D" authorityName="Brongniart" authorityYear="1822" box="[470,595,1714,1740]" class="Trilobita" family="Paradoxididae" genus="Paradoxides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Redlichiida" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF8E4955FE7C7ECAFD8FF90D" box="[470,595,1714,1740]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">Paradoxides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but this assignment is outdated as discussed above (see remarks
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF8E4955FD237EAAFD29F92D" authorityName="Hicks" authorityYear="1895" box="[649,757,1746,1772]" class="Trilobita" family="Centropleuridae" genus="Plutonides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Redlichiida" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF8E4955FD237EAAFD29F92D" box="[649,757,1746,1772]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">Plutonides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF8E4955FF2E7E8BFEC9F8CD" author="Snajdr" box="[132,277,1778,1807]" firstAuthor="Snajdr" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" pagination="1 - 280" refId="ref30272" refString="SNAJDR M. 1958. - Trilobiti ceskeho stredniho kambria. Rozpravy Ustredniho ustavu geologickeho 24: 1 - 280." type="journal article" year="1958">Šnajdr (1958)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
assigned
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF8E4955FEDE7E8AFD4CF8CD" box="[372,656,1778,1804]" class="Trilobita" family="Chengkouaspidae" genus="Hydrocephalus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Redlichiida" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="hicksii" subSpecies="hicksii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF8E4955FEDE7E8AFD4CF8CD" box="[372,656,1778,1804]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">Hydrocephalus hicksii hicksii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a species within the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF8E4955FE947F6AFE04F8ED" authorityName="Barrande" authorityYear="1846" box="[318,472,1810,1836]" class="Trilobita" family="Chengkouaspidae" genus="Hydrocephalus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Redlichiida" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF8E4955FE947F6AFE04F8ED" box="[318,472,1810,1836]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">Hydrocephalus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
without further discussion. Later,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF8E4955FF6D7F49FEA7F88D" author="Fletcher" box="[199,379,1841,1868]" firstAuthor="Fletcher" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" refId="ref24893" refString="FLETCHER T. P. 1972 b. - Geology and Lower to Middle Cambrian Trilobite Faunas of the Southwest Avalon, Newfoundland, Part Two, Palaeontology & Bibliography. Unpublished PhD thesis, University of Cambridge, 294 p." type="book" year="1972" yearSuffix="b">Fletcher (1972b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reported the species as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF8E4955FDC57F49FF14F8AA" class="Trilobita" family="Chengkouaspidae" genus="Hydrocephalus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Redlichiida" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hicksii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF8E4955FDC57F49FF14F8AA" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">Hydrocephalus hicksii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, followed by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF8E4955FECF7F29FDB6F8AD" author="Martin & Dean" box="[357,618,1873,1900]" firstAuthor="Martin" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" pagination="1 - 91" refId="ref27973" refString="MARTIN F. & DEAN W. T. 1988. - Middle and upper Cambrian acritarch and trilobite zonation at Manuels River and Random Island, eastern Newfoundland. Geological Survey of Canada Bulletin 381 (1): 1 - 91." type="journal article" year="1988">Martin & Dean (1988)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
who assigned it to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF8E4955FF117F09FDEAF84A" authorityName="Salter" authorityYear="1866" box="[187,566,1905,1931]" class="Trilobita" family="Paradoxididae" genus="Paradoxides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Redlichiida" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hicksii" subGenus="Hydrocephalus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF8E4955FF117F09FEE4F84A" box="[187,312,1905,1931]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">Paradoxides</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF8E4955FEE27F09FE3EF84A" box="[328,482,1905,1931]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">Hydrocephalus</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF8E4955FE587F09FDEAF84A" box="[498,566,1905,1931]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">hicksii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but no discussion was presented by the authors. According to the diagnosis for the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF8E4955FE8F7FC9FE62F80A" authorityName="Barrande" authorityYear="1846" box="[293,446,1969,1995]" class="Trilobita" family="Chengkouaspidae" genus="Hydrocephalus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Redlichiida" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF8E4955FE8F7FC9FE62F80A" box="[293,446,1969,1995]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">Hydrocephalus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, given by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF8E4955FD937FCBFD08F80A" author="Snajdr" box="[569,724,1969,1999]" firstAuthor="Snajdr" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" pagination="1 - 280" refId="ref30272" refString="SNAJDR M. 1958. - Trilobiti ceskeho stredniho kambria. Rozpravy Ustredniho ustavu geologickeho 24: 1 - 280." type="journal article" year="1958">Šnajdr (1958)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF8E4955FF2C7FA9FE79F82A" author="Whittington" box="[134,421,2001,2027]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Whittington" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" refId="ref31134" refString="WHITTINGTON H. B., CHATTERTON B. D. E., SPEYER S. E., FORTEY R. A., OWENS R. M., CHANG W. T., DEAN W. T., JELL P. A., LAURIE J. R., PALMER A. R., REPINA L. N., RUSHTON A. W. A., SHERGOLD J. H., CLARKSON E. N. K., WILMONT N. V. & KELLY S. R. A., 1997. - Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part O, Arthropoda 1, Trilobita, Revised. Geological Society of America and University of Kansas, Boulder, Colorado, and Lawrence, Kansas, 530 p." type="book" year="1997">
|
||
Whittington
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF8E4955FEB37FAAFE93F82A" box="[281,335,2001,2027]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(1997)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, the genus is characterized by a transglabellar S2 furrow, a subcircular glabellar front, short palpebral lobes not extending to close towards the posterior margin, and a posterior margin curving forward to an acute inner spine angle. These characteristics do not match
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF8E4955FC86792FFC52FEB0" authorityName="Salter" authorityYear="1866" box="[812,910,343,369]" class="Trilobita" family="Paradoxididae" genus="Paradoxides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Redlichiida" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hicksii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF8E4955FC86792FFC52FEB0" box="[812,910,343,369]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">Pl. hicksii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF8E4955FC30792FFB7EFEB0" author="Whittington" box="[922,1186,343,369]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Whittington" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" refId="ref31134" refString="WHITTINGTON H. B., CHATTERTON B. D. E., SPEYER S. E., FORTEY R. A., OWENS R. M., CHANG W. T., DEAN W. T., JELL P. A., LAURIE J. R., PALMER A. R., REPINA L. N., RUSHTON A. W. A., SHERGOLD J. H., CLARKSON E. N. K., WILMONT N. V. & KELLY S. R. A., 1997. - Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part O, Arthropoda 1, Trilobita, Revised. Geological Society of America and University of Kansas, Boulder, Colorado, and Lawrence, Kansas, 530 p." type="book" year="1997">
|
||
Whittington
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF8E4955FB8F7920FB89FEB0" box="[1061,1109,343,369]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(1997)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
mentioned that supposed examples described as the genus
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF8E4955FB29790FFAFEFE50" box="[1155,1314,375,401]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF8E4955FB29790FFAC2FE50" authorityName="Barrande" authorityYear="1846" box="[1155,1310,375,401]" class="Trilobita" family="Chengkouaspidae" genus="Hydrocephalus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Redlichiida" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Hydrocephalus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
from eastern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3647630FF8E4955FC8179EEFCA3FE71" box="[811,895,406,432]" name="Canada" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">Canada</collectingCountry>
|
||
are referred to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF8E4955FB9F79EEFB7EFE71" authorityName="Hicks" authorityYear="1895" box="[1077,1186,406,432]" class="Trilobita" family="Centropleuridae" genus="Plutonides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Redlichiida" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF8E4955FB9F79EEFB7EFE71" box="[1077,1186,406,432]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">Plutonides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF8E4955FB1879EEFA8FFE70" author="Morris" box="[1202,1363,406,433]" firstAuthor="Morris" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" pagination="1 - 316" refId="ref28322" refString="MORRIS S. F. 1988. - A review of British Trilobites, including a synoptic revision of Salter's monograph. Monograph of the Palaeontographical Society 140 (574): 1 - 316." type="journal article" year="1988">Morris (1988)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
marked the generic reference of ‘
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF8E4955FB9679CEFB65FE11" authorityName="Brongniart" authorityYear="1822" box="[1084,1209,438,464]" class="Trilobita" family="Paradoxididae" genus="Paradoxides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Redlichiida" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF8E4955FB9679CEFB65FE11" box="[1084,1209,438,464]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">Paradoxides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
’
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF8E4955FB6D79CEFAD7FE11" authorityName="Salter" authorityYear="1866" box="[1223,1291,438,464]" class="Trilobita" family="Paradoxididae" genus="Paradoxides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Redlichiida" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hicksii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF8E4955FB6D79CEFAD7FE11" box="[1223,1291,438,464]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">hicksii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as provisional, pointing out the problem of the generic ranking of the species.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF8E4955FCCB798EFBD6FDD1" author="Fletcher" box="[865,1034,502,528]" firstAuthor="Fletcher" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" pagination="35 - 56" refId="ref25012" refString="FLETCHER T. P. 2007. - Correlating the zones of ' Paradoxides hicksii ' and ' Paradoxides davidis ' in Cambrian Series 3. Memoirs of the Association of Australasian Palaeontologists 33: 35 - 56. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 03115510701586855" type="journal article" year="2007">Fletcher (2007)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
rejected the assignment of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF8E4955FA81798EFA4DFDD1" authorityName="Salter" authorityYear="1866" box="[1323,1425,502,528]" class="Trilobita" family="Paradoxididae" genus="Paradoxides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Redlichiida" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hicksii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF8E4955FA81798EFA4DFDD1" box="[1323,1425,502,528]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">Pl. hicksii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF8E4955FC817A6EFC44FDF1" authorityName="Hicks" authorityYear="1895" box="[811,920,534,560]" class="Trilobita" family="Centropleuridae" genus="Plutonides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Redlichiida" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF8E4955FC817A6EFC44FDF1" box="[811,920,534,560]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">Plutonides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as done by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF8E4955FBB97A6EFAF5FDF1" author="Whittington" box="[1043,1321,534,560]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Whittington" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" refId="ref31134" refString="WHITTINGTON H. B., CHATTERTON B. D. E., SPEYER S. E., FORTEY R. A., OWENS R. M., CHANG W. T., DEAN W. T., JELL P. A., LAURIE J. R., PALMER A. R., REPINA L. N., RUSHTON A. W. A., SHERGOLD J. H., CLARKSON E. N. K., WILMONT N. V. & KELLY S. R. A., 1997. - Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part O, Arthropoda 1, Trilobita, Revised. Geological Society of America and University of Kansas, Boulder, Colorado, and Lawrence, Kansas, 530 p." type="book" year="1997">
|
||
Whittington
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF8E4955FB0F7A6FFB0BFDF1" box="[1189,1239,534,560]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(1997)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. He referred to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF8E4955FCE67A4EFBE7FD91" author="Fletcher" box="[844,1083,566,593]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Fletcher" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" pagination="312 - 336" refId="ref25165" refString="FLETCHER T. P., THEOKRITOFF G., LORD G. S. & ZEOLI G. 2005. - The early paradoxidid harlani trilobite fauna of Massachusetts and its correlatives in Newfoundland, Morocco, and Spain. Journal of Paleontology 79 (2): 312 - 336. https: // doi. org / bdcjsg" type="journal article" year="2005">
|
||
Fletcher
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF8E4955FC057A4FFC39FD91" box="[943,997,566,592]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2005)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, who described the cranidium of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF8E4955FC847A2EFC35FDB1" authorityName="Snajdr" authorityYear="1957" box="[814,1001,598,624]" class="Trilobita" family="Paradoxididae" genus="Acadoparadoxides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Redlichiida" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF8E4955FC847A2EFC35FDB1" box="[814,1001,598,624]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">Acadoparadoxides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as indistinguishable from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF8E4955FABB7A2EFAA2FDB1" authorityName="Hicks" authorityYear="1895" box="[1297,1406,598,624]" class="Trilobita" family="Centropleuridae" genus="Plutonides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Redlichiida" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF8E4955FABB7A2EFAA2FDB1" box="[1297,1406,598,624]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">Plutonides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. He based his argument on a reconstructed photograph of the distorted
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C88802FF8E4955FC3C7AEEFC26FD71" box="[918,1018,662,688]" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of the type species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF8E4955FB4B7AEEFC6AFD11" authority="Hicks, 1871" authorityName="Hicks" authorityYear="1871" class="Gastropoda" family="Vitrinidae" genus="Plutonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sedgwickii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF8E4955FB4B7AEEFA72FD71" box="[1249,1454,662,688]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">Plutonia sedgwickii</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF8E4955FC877ACDFC6AFD11" author="Hicks" box="[813,950,693,720]" firstAuthor="Hicks" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" pagination="399 - 404" refId="ref26069" refString="HICKS H. 1871. - Descriptions of new species of fossils from the Longmynd rocks of St. David's. The Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London 27 (1): 399 - 404. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 35591090" type="journal article" year="1871">Hicks, 1871</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The image shows a small-sized specimen with deep, transglabellar S1 and S2 furrows, a rounded glabellar front and relatively long palpebral lobes. The bigger cranidia of the type species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF8E4955FB8C7B6DFB48FCEE" authorityName="Hicks" authorityYear="1895" box="[1062,1172,789,815]" class="Trilobita" family="Centropleuridae" genus="Plutonides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Redlichiida" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF8E4955FB8C7B6DFB48FCEE" box="[1062,1172,789,815]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">Plutonides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
figured by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF8E4955FAB27B6DFCA4FC8E" author="Fletcher" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Fletcher" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" pagination="312 - 336" refId="ref25165" refString="FLETCHER T. P., THEOKRITOFF G., LORD G. S. & ZEOLI G. 2005. - The early paradoxidid harlani trilobite fauna of Massachusetts and its correlatives in Newfoundland, Morocco, and Spain. Journal of Paleontology 79 (2): 312 - 336. https: // doi. org / bdcjsg" type="journal article" year="2005">
|
||
Fletcher
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF8E4955FAD37B6EFA6CFCEE" box="[1401,1456,789,815]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2005)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
have an S2 furrow that shallows axially to a degree in which they are not transglabellar any more, and palpebral lobes reaching from S1 to L1. These characteristics differ from the characteristics given for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF8E4955FB187BEDFAB3FC6E" authorityName="Snajdr" authorityYear="1957" box="[1202,1391,917,943]" class="Trilobita" family="Paradoxididae" genus="Acadoparadoxides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Redlichiida" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF8E4955FB187BEDFAB3FC6E" box="[1202,1391,917,943]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">Acadoparadoxides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, e.g., a transglabellar S2 furrow, long palpebral lobes reaching from L0 to the posterior marginal furrow (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF8E4955FAB67BAEFA74FC2E" author="Snajdr" box="[1308,1448,980,1010]" firstAuthor="Snajdr" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" pagination="1 - 280" refId="ref30272" refString="SNAJDR M. 1958. - Trilobiti ceskeho stredniho kambria. Rozpravy Ustredniho ustavu geologickeho 24: 1 - 280." type="journal article" year="1958">Šnajdr 1958</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF8E4955FC877B8CFBE4FBCE" author="Whittington" box="[813,1080,1012,1039]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Whittington" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" refId="ref31134" refString="WHITTINGTON H. B., CHATTERTON B. D. E., SPEYER S. E., FORTEY R. A., OWENS R. M., CHANG W. T., DEAN W. T., JELL P. A., LAURIE J. R., PALMER A. R., REPINA L. N., RUSHTON A. W. A., SHERGOLD J. H., CLARKSON E. N. K., WILMONT N. V. & KELLY S. R. A., 1997. - Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part O, Arthropoda 1, Trilobita, Revised. Geological Society of America and University of Kansas, Boulder, Colorado, and Lawrence, Kansas, 530 p." type="book" year="1997">
|
||
Whittington
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF8E4955FC6B7B8DFC2BFBCF" box="[961,1015,1012,1038]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1997
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The assignment of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF8E4955FA8F7B8CFA4FFBCF" authorityName="Hicks" authorityYear="1895" box="[1317,1427,1012,1038]" class="Trilobita" family="Centropleuridae" genus="Plutonides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Redlichiida" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF8E4955FA8F7B8CFA4FFBCF" box="[1317,1427,1012,1038]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">Plutonides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a senior synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF8E4955FBBC7C6CFB0DFBEF" authorityName="Snajdr" authorityYear="1957" box="[1046,1233,1044,1070]" class="Trilobita" family="Paradoxididae" genus="Acadoparadoxides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Redlichiida" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF8E4955FBBC7C6CFB0DFBEF" box="[1046,1233,1044,1070]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">Acadoparadoxides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as done by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF8E4955FAFD7C6CFC66FB8F" author="Fletcher" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Fletcher" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" pagination="312 - 336" refId="ref25165" refString="FLETCHER T. P., THEOKRITOFF G., LORD G. S. & ZEOLI G. 2005. - The early paradoxidid harlani trilobite fauna of Massachusetts and its correlatives in Newfoundland, Morocco, and Spain. Journal of Paleontology 79 (2): 312 - 336. https: // doi. org / bdcjsg" type="journal article" year="2005">
|
||
Fletcher
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF8E4955FC877C4DFCB8FB8F" box="[813,868,1076,1102]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2005)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
is not followed here. Rather, we follow the assignment of the species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF8E4955FBEF7C2CFB72FBAF" authorityName="Salter" authorityYear="1866" box="[1093,1198,1108,1134]" class="Trilobita" family="Paradoxididae" genus="Paradoxides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Redlichiida" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hicksii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF8E4955FBEF7C2CFB72FBAF" box="[1093,1198,1108,1134]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">Pl. hicksii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF8E4955FAEB7C2CFA73FBAF" authorityName="Hicks" authorityYear="1895" box="[1345,1455,1108,1134]" class="Trilobita" family="Centropleuridae" genus="Plutonides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Redlichiida" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF8E4955FAEB7C2CFA73FBAF" box="[1345,1455,1108,1134]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">Plutonides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as done by e.g.,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF8E4955FC777C0CFB2BFB4F" author="Whittington" box="[989,1271,1140,1166]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Whittington" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" refId="ref31134" refString="WHITTINGTON H. B., CHATTERTON B. D. E., SPEYER S. E., FORTEY R. A., OWENS R. M., CHANG W. T., DEAN W. T., JELL P. A., LAURIE J. R., PALMER A. R., REPINA L. N., RUSHTON A. W. A., SHERGOLD J. H., CLARKSON E. N. K., WILMONT N. V. & KELLY S. R. A., 1997. - Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part O, Arthropoda 1, Trilobita, Revised. Geological Society of America and University of Kansas, Boulder, Colorado, and Lawrence, Kansas, 530 p." type="book" year="1997">
|
||
Whittington
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF8E4955FBDA7C0DFB79FB4F" box="[1136,1189,1140,1166]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(1997)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF8E4955FA847C0DFCA6FB6F" author="Young" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Young" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" refId="ref31407" refString="YOUNG T. P., GIBBONS W. & MCCARROLL D. 2002. - Geology of the country around Pwllheli. The Stationery Office, London, 151 p." type="book" year="2002">
|
||
Young
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF8E4955FAD17C0DFA6CFB4F" box="[1403,1456,1140,1166]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2002)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF8E4955FC227CECFB75FB6F" author="Whittington" box="[904,1193,1172,1198]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Whittington" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" refId="ref31134" refString="WHITTINGTON H. B., CHATTERTON B. D. E., SPEYER S. E., FORTEY R. A., OWENS R. M., CHANG W. T., DEAN W. T., JELL P. A., LAURIE J. R., PALMER A. R., REPINA L. N., RUSHTON A. W. A., SHERGOLD J. H., CLARKSON E. N. K., WILMONT N. V. & KELLY S. R. A., 1997. - Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part O, Arthropoda 1, Trilobita, Revised. Geological Society of America and University of Kansas, Boulder, Colorado, and Lawrence, Kansas, 530 p." type="book" year="1997">
|
||
Whittington
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF8E4955FBB47CEDFB89FB6F" box="[1054,1109,1172,1198]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(1997)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described the meraspis stage of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF8E4955FC247CCCFC21FB0F" authorityName="Hicks" authorityYear="1895" box="[910,1021,1204,1230]" class="Trilobita" family="Centropleuridae" genus="Plutonides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Redlichiida" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF8E4955FC247CCCFC21FB0F" box="[910,1021,1204,1230]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">Plutonides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and documented a short frontal lobe, a long preglabellar field, and deep glabellar furrows. All these characteristics are present in small-sized specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF8E4955FC867D6BFC49FAEC" authorityName="Salter" authorityYear="1866" box="[812,917,1299,1325]" class="Trilobita" family="Paradoxididae" genus="Paradoxides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Redlichiida" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hicksii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF8E4955FC867D6BFC49FAEC" box="[812,917,1299,1325]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">Pl. hicksii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in this work (e.g., NFM F-3177, NFM F-3220, NFM F-3026). It is noteworthy that various authors (e.g.,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF8E4955FC877D2BFC0BFAAC" author="Cobbold" box="[813,983,1363,1389]" firstAuthor="Cobbold" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" pagination="45 - 50" refId="ref24262" refString="COBBOLD E. S. 1913. - Two Species of Paradoxides from Neve's Castle (Shropshire). The Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London 69: 45 - 50. https: // doi. org / 10.1144 / gsl. jgs. 1913.069.01 - 04.05" type="journal article" year="1913">Cobbold 1913</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF8E4955FC437D2BFBB8FAAC" author="Lake" box="[1001,1124,1363,1389]" firstAuthor="Lake" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" pagination="173 - 196" refId="ref27378" refString="LAKE P. 1934. - Monograph of the British Cambrian Trilobites, Part 8. Monograph of the Palaeontographical Society, London 86: 173 - 196. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 02693445.1934.12035626" type="journal article" year="1934">Lake 1934</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF8E4955FBDC7D2BFB6DFAAF" author="Lake" box="[1142,1201,1363,1390]" firstAuthor="Lake" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" pagination="197 - 224" refId="ref27417" refString="LAKE P. 1935. - Monograph of the British Cambrian Trilobites, Part 9. Monograph of the Palaeontographical Society, London 88: 197 - 224. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 02693445.1935.12035634" type="journal article" year="1935">1935</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF8E4955FB687D2CFA74FAAC" author="Egorova" box="[1218,1448,1363,1390]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Egorova" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" pagination="1 - 145" refId="ref24623" refString="EGOROVA L. I., SHABANOV Y. Y., PEGEL T. V., SAVITSKY V. E., SUCHOV S. S. & TCHERNYSHEVA N. E. 1982. - The stratotype area of the Maya Stage (middle Cambrian of the south-eastern Siberian Platform). Interdepartmental Stratigraphic Committee of the USSR, Transactions 8: 1 - 145." type="journal article" year="1982">
|
||
Egorova
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF8E4955FA807D2CFABFFAAC" box="[1322,1379,1363,1389]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1982
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF8E4955FC877D0BFBBCFA4C" author="Bushuev & Makarova" box="[813,1120,1395,1421]" firstAuthor="Bushuev" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" pagination="11 - 23" refId="ref24077" refString="BUSHUEV E. B. & MAKAROVA A. L. 2016. - Middle Cambrian polymerid trilobites of the Chaya Formation from Ust-Mayakaya 366 well (Southeastern Siberian platform). Geology and Mineral Resources of Siberia 3 (27): 11 - 23. https: // doi. org / 10.20403 / 2078 - 0575 - 2016 - 3 - 11 - 23" type="journal article" year="2016">Bushuev & Makarova 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) have referred to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF8E4955FA837D0BFA48FA4C" authorityName="Salter" authorityYear="1866" box="[1321,1428,1395,1421]" class="Trilobita" family="Paradoxididae" genus="Paradoxides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Redlichiida" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hicksii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF8E4955FA837D0BFA48FA4C" box="[1321,1428,1395,1421]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">Pl. hicksii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF8E4955FC927DEBFC45FA6C" box="[824,921,1427,1453]" class="Trilobita" family="Paradoxididae" genus="Paradoxides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Redlichiida" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hicksi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF8E4955FC927DEBFC45FA6C" box="[824,921,1427,1453]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">Pl. hicksi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
”, with no further discussion.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCC36A0FF8E4955FCE97DCBFAF9F82A" blockId="25.[811,1457,215,2028]" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF8E4955FCE97DCBFB7BFA0C" box="[835,1191,1459,1485]" class="Trilobita" family="Paradoxididae" genus="Paradoxides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Redlichiida" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="hicksii" variety="palpebrosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF8E4955FCE97DCBFBD8FA0C" box="[835,1028,1459,1485]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">Paradoxides hicksii</emphasis>
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF8E4955FB997DCBFB7BFA0C" box="[1075,1191,1459,1485]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">palpebrosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF8E4955FA9C7DCBFCABFA2C" author="Linnarsson" firstAuthor="Linnarsson" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" pagination="1 - 31" refId="ref27862" refString="LINNARSSON G. 1879. - Om faunan i kalken med Conocoryphe exsulans (" Coronatuskalken "). Sveriges Geologiska Undersokning, Ser. C 35: 1 - 31." type="journal article" year="1879">Linnarsson (1879)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
matches
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF8E4955FC497DABFB91FA2C" authorityName="Salter" authorityYear="1866" box="[995,1101,1491,1517]" class="Trilobita" family="Paradoxididae" genus="Paradoxides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Redlichiida" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hicksii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF8E4955FC497DABFB91FA2C" box="[995,1101,1491,1517]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">Pl. hicksii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and is here taken as a synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF8E4955FCE17D8BFC6EF9CC" authorityName="Salter" authorityYear="1866" box="[843,946,1523,1549]" class="Trilobita" family="Paradoxididae" genus="Paradoxides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Redlichiida" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hicksii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF8E4955FCE17D8BFC6EF9CC" box="[843,946,1523,1549]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">Pl. hicksii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF8E4955FC687D8BFBE3F9CC" author="Lake" box="[962,1087,1523,1549]" firstAuthor="Lake" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" pagination="173 - 196" refId="ref27378" refString="LAKE P. 1934. - Monograph of the British Cambrian Trilobites, Part 8. Monograph of the Palaeontographical Society, London 86: 173 - 196. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 02693445.1934.12035626" type="journal article" year="1934">Lake (1934</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 4) figured a hypostome, and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF8E4955FC847E6AFC29F9EC" author="Hutchinson" box="[814,1013,1554,1581]" firstAuthor="Hutchinson" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" pagination="1 - 124" refId="ref26581" refString="HUTCHINSON R. D. 1952. - The stratigraphy and trilobite faunas of the Cambrian sedimentary rocks of Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia. Geological Survey of Canada Memoir 263: 1 - 124. https: // doi. org / 10.4095 / 101599" type="journal article" year="1952">Hutchinson (1952</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: pl. 2, fig. 5) a fragmentary librigena, but these assignments are questionable. This is also the case for two cranidia illustrated in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B51FF8E4955FBFC7E2AFADAF9AD" author="Fletcher" box="[1110,1286,1618,1644]" firstAuthor="Fletcher" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" refId="ref24893" refString="FLETCHER T. P. 1972 b. - Geology and Lower to Middle Cambrian Trilobite Faunas of the Southwest Avalon, Newfoundland, Part Two, Palaeontology & Bibliography. Unpublished PhD thesis, University of Cambridge, 294 p." type="book" year="1972" yearSuffix="b">Fletcher (1972b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: pl. 47, fig. 15 and pl. 48, fig. 2) which are poorly preserved, both with a deep crack crossing the specimens. Cranidia figured byVaněk
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF8E4955FC877ECBFCBDF90D" box="[813,865,1714,1740]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(1999: pl. 1, figs 1-3, 5, 6) have transglabellar S1 and S2 furrows and no S3 or S4 furrow. The glabellar furrows do not match the characteristic four furrows of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF8E4955FAEB7E8AFA74F8CD" authorityName="Salter" authorityYear="1866" box="[1345,1448,1778,1804]" class="Trilobita" family="Paradoxididae" genus="Paradoxides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Redlichiida" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hicksii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF8E4955FAEB7E8AFA74F8CD" box="[1345,1448,1778,1804]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">Pl. hicksii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Vaněk
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF8E4955FCD27F6AFC70F8ED" box="[888,940,1810,1836]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
’s plate 1, figure 3 only shows a hypostome and plate 1, figure 4, illustrates a pygidium. Both pictures have a poor resolution and the pygidium appears to be elongate and not as rounded as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF8E4955FBE87F09FB74F84A" authorityName="Salter" authorityYear="1866" box="[1090,1192,1905,1931]" class="Trilobita" family="Paradoxididae" genus="Paradoxides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Redlichiida" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hicksii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF8E4955FBE87F09FB74F84A" box="[1090,1192,1905,1931]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">Pl. hicksii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Consequently, all illustrated specimens are excluded from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF8E4955FB077FE9FACFF86A" authorityName="Salter" authorityYear="1866" box="[1197,1299,1937,1963]" class="Trilobita" family="Paradoxididae" genus="Paradoxides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Redlichiida" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hicksii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF8E4955FB077FE9FACFF86A" box="[1197,1299,1937,1963]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">Pl. hicksii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Instead, their characteristics match
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D23FF8E4955FBA77FCAFBA0F80A" box="[1037,1148,1969,1995]" class="Trilobita" family="Paradoxididae" genus="Paradoxides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Redlichiida" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="davidis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB2FF8E4955FBA77FCAFBA0F80A" box="[1037,1148,1969,1995]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="1074">Pa. davidis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and specimens illustrated on plate 1, figures 1-6, are assigned to this species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |