1050 lines
228 KiB
XML
1050 lines
228 KiB
XML
<document id="8D50BEDF8A81356ACECEE0516A5589F9" ID-CLB-Dataset="20902" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4969.2.2" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ea1f844e-2a07-4299-944f-b701560f5189" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4748968" ID-ZooBank="14358F21-D335-44BA-9F8E-866B62E3881D" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1620736111326" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Rodewald, Nicola, Snyman, Reinette & Simon, Carol A." docDate="2021" docId="03DA8792FF8809209DC5FE6DFDE00ACA" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4969.2.2.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4969 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Polydora websteri Hartman" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="271" masterDocId="FFE3FFEAFF8409309D52FFFEFFE30D3C" masterDocTitle="Worming its way in-Polydora websteri (Annelida: Spionidae) increases the number of non-indigenous shell-boring polydorin pests of cultured molluscs in South Africa" masterLastPageNumber="279" masterPageNumber="255" pageNumber="267" updateTime="1702003021590" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="0ADD365FD63E27498854E116FC6B5C4C">Worming its way in-Polydora websteri (Annelida: Spionidae) increases the number of non-indigenous shell-boring polydorin pests of cultured molluscs in South Africa</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="EE318FFC15817747A1035300348F2123">Rodewald, Nicola</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="E1DBCB994804ACC27E0AE50D079ED4BF">Department of Marine Science and Conservation, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, PO Box 652, Cape Town, South Africa. nikki. iluvsharks @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 2789 - 9517</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="3EDCC6C9A3EB0D7780FED6D09C29C6E7">Snyman, Reinette</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="22E00D88FEFB04E6395005D88A213EAF">Department of Marine Science and Conservation, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, PO Box 652, Cape Town, South Africa. nikki. iluvsharks @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 2789 - 9517</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="ABEF13FA5D0B15EBD5A28A2DBEA17BB9">Simon, Carol A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="98BA3FA39EA193022DC6BB9735404829">Department Botany and Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Matieland Private Bag X 1, Stellenbosch, South Africa.</mods:affiliation>
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<taxonomicName id="4C734D07FF88093C9DC5FE6DFE080C91" ID-CoL="4L669" authority="Hartman" authorityName="Hartman" box="[151,491,403,430]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Polydora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="12" pageNumber="267" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="websteri">
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<emphasis id="B907EA96FF88093C9DC5FE6DFE8C0C92" bold="true" box="[151,367,403,430]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">Polydora websteri</emphasis>
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Hartman
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, in
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF88093C9F4BFE6DFCBD0C91" author="Loosanoff, V. L. & Engle, J. B." box="[537,862,403,429]" pageId="12" pageNumber="267" pagination="69 - 78" refId="ref14916" refString="Loosanoff, V. L. & Engle, J. B. (1943) Polydora in oysters suspended in the water. Biological Bulletin, 85, 69 - 78. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 1538270" type="journal article" year="1943">Loosanoff and Engle 1943</bibRefCitation>
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<paragraph id="8BCC3684FF88093C9DC5FE49FEE80CED" blockId="12.[151,862,367,465]" box="[151,267,439,465]" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">
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(
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<figureCitation id="13482A01FF88093C9DCDFE49FEE00CED" box="[159,259,439,465]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 4" captionStart-1="FIGURE 5" captionStart-2="FIGURE 6" captionStart-3="FIGURE 7" captionStartId-0="14.[151,250,1731,1755]" captionStartId-1="15.[151,250,1572,1596]" captionStartId-2="16.[151,250,1257,1281]" captionStartId-3="18.[151,250,1874,1898]" captionTargetBox-0="[183,1405,179,1704]" captionTargetBox-1="[289,1299,182,1548]" captionTargetBox-2="[268,1319,181,1233]" captionTargetBox-3="[203,1383,181,1851]" captionTargetId-0="figure-32@14.[183,1405,179,1705]" captionTargetId-1="figure-20@15.[289,1299,181,1548]" captionTargetId-2="figure-32@16.[268,1319,181,1233]" captionTargetId-3="figure-32@18.[203,1383,181,1851]" captionTargetPageId-0="14" captionTargetPageId-1="15" captionTargetPageId-2="16" captionTargetPageId-3="18" captionText-0="FIGURE 4. Polydora websteri specimens from South Africa stained with methyl-green. (A) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089084, (B) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089088, (C) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089084, (D) dorsal mid-body of SAMC-A089084, (E) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089088, (F) lateral mid-body of SAMC-A089084, (G) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089084, (H) ventral posterior of SAMC-A089084; scale bars: 0.5 mm." captionText-1="FIGURE 5. Polydora websteri specimens from South Africa showing variation in methyl-green staining patterns. (A) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089086, (B) palps with magenta arrow indicating a line of blue staining pigment adjacent to the black continuous pigmentation lines indicated with a yellow arrow, (C) unstained palp with yellow arrow head indicating faded portion of the black continuous pigmentation line, (D) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089085 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells on prostomium forming two bars and magenta arrow-head indicating staining on peristomium concentrated along ridge of prostomium, (E) dorsal mid-body of SAMC-A089085, (F) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089088 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells forming a wide band across the anterior part of chaetiger and green arrow indicating hooded hooks on chaetiger 7, (G) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089088 with magenta arrow-head indicating stained cells forming a thin band across the anterior part of chaetiger, (H) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089085, (J) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089086 with green arrow indicating spines on chaetiger 5, (K) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089084, (L) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089086 with green arrow indicating branchiae beginning at chaetiger 7, (M) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089085 with green arrow indicating spines in curved row on chaetiger 5, (N) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089087 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells forming a bar; scale bars: 0.5 mm." captionText-2="FIGURE 6. Chaetal structures of Polydora websteri (SAMC-A089181) from South Africa. (A) falcate spines on chaetiger 5 with white arrow indicating the flange on the concave side and green arrow indicating pennoned companion chaetae, (B) hooded hooks on neuropodium of posterior chaetigers with white arrow indicating the hood and green arrow the constriction at the shaft, (C) spine indicated by white arrow with superior winged chaetae on chaetiger 5, (D) inferior winged chaetae on chaetiger 5; scale bars: 0.05 mm." captionText-3="FIGURE 7. Lectotype specimen of Polydora websteri (LACM-AHF POLY 1628) from oyster shells and deposited in the Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History (Radashevsky, 1999), stained with methyl-green. (A) dorsal anterior, scale bar: 1 mm, (B) dorsal anterior, scale bar: 0.25 mm, (C) ventral anterior, scale bar: 1 mm, (D) dorsal mid-body, scale bar: 1 mm, (E) latero-posterior; scale bar: 0.25mm (F) posterior; scale bar: 1 mm. Photographed by Adam Wall (Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History, August 2019)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4748976" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4748978" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4748980" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4748982" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/4748976/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/4748978/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/4748980/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/4748982/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">Figs 4–7</figureCitation>
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)
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<taxonomicName id="4C734D07FF88093C9DC5FE02FE590F2F" ID-CoL="4L669" authority=": Hartman" authorityName="Hartman" box="[151,442,508,532]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Polydora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="12" pageNumber="267" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="websteri">
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<emphasis id="B907EA96FF88093C9DC5FE02FEB10F28" box="[151,338,508,532]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">Polydora websteri</emphasis>
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: Hartman
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, in
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<treatmentCitation id="0AD21095FF88093C9C8CFE02FCC90F28" author="Loosanoff, V. L. & Engle, J. B." box="[478,810,508,532]" page="70" pageId="12" pageNumber="267" year="1943">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF88093C9C8CFE02FCC90F28" author="Loosanoff, V. L. & Engle, J. B." box="[478,810,508,532]" pageId="12" pageNumber="267" pagination="69 - 78" refId="ref14916" refString="Loosanoff, V. L. & Engle, J. B. (1943) Polydora in oysters suspended in the water. Biological Bulletin, 85, 69 - 78. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 1538270" type="journal article" year="1943">Loosanoff & Engle 1943: 70–72</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13482A01FF88093C9E66FE02FC8C0F28" box="[820,879,508,532]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1119,1143]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,450,1093]" captionTargetId="figure-167@2.[151,1436,450,1093]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Map showing the type locality (black circle) and worldwide distribution of Polydora websteri in the wild and on farmed molluscs; reports accompanied with detailed descriptions only (blue triangle), detailed descriptions and genetic information (pink circle), records without detailed descriptions nor genetic information (orange squares) and reports of Polydora cf. websteri (green circle). Southern Africa distribution with positions of three phylogeographic breaks (I) Cape Point, (II) Cape Agulhas, (III) Algoa Bay (Teske et al. 2011) relative to collection sites on west, south and east coasts. (A) Swakopmund, (B) Kleinzee, (C) Paternoster, (D) Port Elizabeth and (E) Durban." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4748970" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4748970/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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<treatmentCitation id="0AD21095FF88093C9DC5FDE4FDDE0F0E" author="Blake, J. A." box="[151,573,538,562]" page="815" pageId="12" pageNumber="267" year="1969">
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<taxonomicName id="4C734D07FF88093C9DC5FDE4FDDE0F0E" ID-CoL="4L669" authority=": Blake 1969: 814 - 815" authorityName="Blake" authorityPageNumber="814 - 815" authorityYear="1969" box="[151,573,538,562]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Polydora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="12" pageNumber="267" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="websteri">
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<emphasis id="B907EA96FF88093C9DC5FDE4FEB10F0E" box="[151,338,538,562]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">Polydora websteri</emphasis>
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF88093C9C32FDE4FDDE0F0E" author="Blake, J. A." box="[352,573,538,562]" pageId="12" pageNumber="267" pagination="813 - 820" refId="ref13114" refString="Blake, J. A. (1969) Systematics and ecology of shell-boring polychaetes from New England. American Zoologist, 9, 813 - 820. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / icb / 9.3.813" type="journal article" year="1969">Blake 1969: 814–815</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13482A01FF88093C9F1AFDE4FD650F0E" box="[584,646,538,562]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1800,1824]" captionTargetBox="[242,1342,184,1769]" captionTargetId="figure-20@9.[236,1352,179,1774]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 2. (a) Phylogenetic tree of Polydora websteri inferred from COI sequences with Boccardia proboscidea and Polydora onagawaensis serving as the outgroup taxa. Maximum likelihood bootstrap support ≥ 97 % is given above every branch and the Bayesian support ≥ 97 % given below the branch and to the right of the tree. (b) COI haplotype network of P. websteri from South Africa, Namibia, Australia, China and USA (east and west coasts and Hawaii). Each region is represented by a different colour as in (a), circle sizes are proportional to number of sequences in each haplotype (Hap), lines perpendicular to the connecting lines indicate mutation differences and black dots indicate missing haplotypes. Sequences generated in this study are shown in bold, asterisk (*) indicates specimens previously identified as Polydora cf. websteri." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4748972" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4748972/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="0AD21095FF88093C9FC3FDE4FCDF0F0E" author="Blake, J. A." box="[657,828,538,562]" page="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="267" year="1971">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF88093C9FC3FDE4FCDF0F0E" author="Blake, J. A." box="[657,828,538,562]" pageId="12" pageNumber="267" pagination="1 - 32" refId="ref13154" refString="Blake, J. A. (1971) Revision of the genus Polydora from the east coast of North America (Polychaeta: Spionidae). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 1971, 1 - 32. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00810282.75" type="journal article" year="1971">Blake 1971: 6–8</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13482A01FF88093C9E14FDE4FC670F0E" box="[838,900,538,562]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1722,1746]" captionTargetBox="[291,1301,187,1689]" captionTargetId="figure-32@10.[280,1307,181,1698]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 3. (a) Phylogenetic tree of Polydora websteri inferred from Cyt b sequences with Boccardia proboscidea and Polydora onagawaensis serving as the outgroup taxa. Maximum likelihood bootstrap support ≥ 97 % is given above every branch and the Bayesian support ≥ 97 % given below the branch.(b) Phylogenetic tree of Polydora websteri inferred from 18S rRNA sequences. (c) Cyt b haplotype network of P. websteri from South Africa, Namibia, Australia and China. Each region is represented by a different colour as in (a), circle sizes are proportional to number of sequences in each haplotype (Hap), lines perpendicular to the connecting lines indicate mutation differences and black dots indicate missing haplotypes. (d) 18S rRNA haplotype network of P. websteri from South Africa, Namibia, Australia, China and Japan. Each region is represented by a different colour as in (b). Sequences generated in this study are shown in bold, asterisk (*) indicates specimens previously identified as Polydora cf. websteri." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4748974" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4748974/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="0AD21095FF88093C9EDDFDE5FBD10F0E" author="Foster, N. M." box="[911,1074,538,562]" page="26" pageId="12" pageNumber="267" year="1971">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF88093C9EDDFDE5FBD10F0E" author="Foster, N. M." box="[911,1074,538,562]" pageId="12" pageNumber="267" pagination="1 - 183" refId="ref14295" refString="Foster, N. M. (1971) Spionidae (Polychaeta) of the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea. Studies on the Fauna of Curacao and other Caribbean Islands 129, 1 - 183." type="journal article" year="1971">Foster 1971: 26</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="0AD21095FF88093C996FFDE4FA7A0F0E" author="Blake, J. A. & Kudenov, J. D." box="[1085,1433,538,562]" page="258" pageId="12" pageNumber="267" year="1978">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF88093C996FFDE4FA7A0F0E" author="Blake, J. A. & Kudenov, J. D." box="[1085,1433,538,562]" pageId="12" pageNumber="267" pagination="171 - 280" refId="ref13289" refString="Blake, J. A. & Kudenov, J. D. (1978) The Spionidae (Polychaeta) from southeastern Australia and adjacent areas with a revision of the genera. Memoirs of the National Museum of Victoria, 39, 171 - 280. https: // doi. org / 10.24199 / j. mmv. 1978.39.11" type="journal article" year="1978">Blake & Kudenov 1978: 258–259</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, Figs 43k–n;
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<treatmentCitation id="0AD21095FF88093C9C17FDC7FD5E0F6D" author="Handley, S. J. & Bergquist, P. R." box="[325,701,569,593]" page="191" pageId="12" pageNumber="267" year="1997">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF88093C9C17FDC7FD5E0F6D" author="Handley, S. J. & Bergquist, P. R." box="[325,701,569,593]" pageId="12" pageNumber="267" pagination="191 - 205" refId="ref14389" refString="Handley, S. J. & Bergquist, P. R. (1997) Spionid polychaete infestations of intertidal Pacific oysters Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg), Mahurangi Harbour, northern New Zealand. Aquaculture, 153, 191 - 205. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / S 0044 - 8486 (97) 00032 - X" type="journal article" year="1997">Handley & Bergquist 1997: 191–205</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="0AD21095FF88093C9F95FDC7FB8A0F6D" author="Radashevsky, V. I. & Williams, J. D." box="[711,1129,569,593]" page="212" pageId="12" pageNumber="267" year="1998">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF88093C9F95FDC7FB8A0F6D" author="Radashevsky, V. I. & Williams, J. D." box="[711,1129,569,593]" pageId="12" pageNumber="267" pagination="212 - 216" refId="ref15960" refString="Radashevsky, V. I. & Williams, J. D. (1998) Polydora websteri Hartman in Loosanoff & Engle, 1943 (Annelida, Polychaeta): proposed conservation of the specific name by a ruling that it is not to be treated as a replacement for P. caeca Webster, 1879, and designation of a lectotype for. Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature, 55, 212 - 216. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 190" type="journal article" year="1998">Radashevsky & Williams 1998: 212–216</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF88093C9921FDC7FAD60F6D" author="Radashevsky, V. I." box="[1139,1333,569,593]" pageId="12" pageNumber="267" pagination="107 - 113" refId="ref15791" refString="Radashevsky, V. I. (1999) Description of the proposed lectotype for Polydora websteri Hartman in Loosanoff & Engle, 1943 (Polychaeta: Spionidae). Ophelia 2, 107 - 113. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00785326.1999.10409402" type="journal article" year="1999">Radashevsky 1999</bibRefCitation>
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; 107–113,
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<figureCitation id="13482A01FF88093C9D95FDA6FEE00F4C" box="[199,259,600,624]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1119,1143]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,450,1093]" captionTargetId="figure-167@2.[151,1436,450,1093]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Map showing the type locality (black circle) and worldwide distribution of Polydora websteri in the wild and on farmed molluscs; reports accompanied with detailed descriptions only (blue triangle), detailed descriptions and genetic information (pink circle), records without detailed descriptions nor genetic information (orange squares) and reports of Polydora cf. websteri (green circle). Southern Africa distribution with positions of three phylogeographic breaks (I) Cape Point, (II) Cape Agulhas, (III) Algoa Bay (Teske et al. 2011) relative to collection sites on west, south and east coasts. (A) Swakopmund, (B) Kleinzee, (C) Paternoster, (D) Port Elizabeth and (E) Durban." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4748970" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4748970/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AD21095FF88093C9C42FDA6FDD30F4C" author="Sato-Okoshi, W." box="[272,560,600,624]" page="832" pageId="12" pageNumber="267" year="1999">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF88093C9C42FDA6FDD30F4C" author="Sato-Okoshi, W." box="[272,560,600,624]" pageId="12" pageNumber="267" pagination="831 - 848" refId="ref16671" refString="Sato-Okoshi, W. (1999) Polydorid species (Polychaeta: Spionidae) in Japan, with descriptions of morphology, ecology and burrow structure. 1. Boring species. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 79, 831 - 848. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0025315498001003" type="journal article" year="1999">Sato-Okoshi 1999: 832–834</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13482A01FF88093C9F68FDA6FD6B0F4C" box="[570,648,600,624]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1800,1824]" captionTargetBox="[242,1342,184,1769]" captionTargetId="figure-20@9.[236,1352,179,1774]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 2. (a) Phylogenetic tree of Polydora websteri inferred from COI sequences with Boccardia proboscidea and Polydora onagawaensis serving as the outgroup taxa. Maximum likelihood bootstrap support ≥ 97 % is given above every branch and the Bayesian support ≥ 97 % given below the branch and to the right of the tree. (b) COI haplotype network of P. websteri from South Africa, Namibia, Australia, China and USA (east and west coasts and Hawaii). Each region is represented by a different colour as in (a), circle sizes are proportional to number of sequences in each haplotype (Hap), lines perpendicular to the connecting lines indicate mutation differences and black dots indicate missing haplotypes. Sequences generated in this study are shown in bold, asterisk (*) indicates specimens previously identified as Polydora cf. websteri." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4748972" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4748972/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">Fig. 2B</figureCitation>
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;
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0AD21095FF88093C9FC1FDA6FCA50F53" author="Surugiu, V." box="[659,838,599,624]" page="67" pageId="12" pageNumber="267" year="2005">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF88093C9FC1FDA6FCA50F53" author="Surugiu, V." box="[659,838,599,624]" pageId="12" pageNumber="267" pagination="51 - 73" refId="ref17687" refString="Surugiu, V. (2005) Inventory of inshore polychaetes from the Romanian coast (Black Sea). Mediterranean Marine Science, 6, 51 - 73. https: // doi. org / 10.12681 / mms. 193" type="journal article" year="2005">Surugiu 2005: 67</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF88093C9E02FDA6FC120F4C" author="Bonifacio, P. H. O." box="[848,1009,600,624]" pageId="12" pageNumber="267" refId="ref13351" refString="Bonifacio, P. H. O. (2009) Polidorideos (Polychaeta: Spionidae) em Crassostrea rhizophorae (Mollusca: Bivalvia) de cinco rios da costa pernambucana. Master's thesis, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife. Available from: https: // bdtd. ibict. br / vufind / Record / UFPE _ 1 a 08 dbdaf 2 fc 7 f 69 f 6022 e 89 e 0062 fad (accessed 12 April 2021)" type="url" year="2009">Bonifácio 2009</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="0AD21095FF88093C9EA9FDA6FB4A0F4C" author="Read, G. B." box="[1019,1193,600,624]" page="9" pageId="12" pageNumber="267" year="2010">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF88093C9EA9FDA6FB4A0F4C" author="Read, G. B." box="[1019,1193,600,624]" pageId="12" pageNumber="267" pagination="83 - 100" refId="ref16166" refString="Read, G. B. (2010) Comparison and history of Polydora websteri and P. haswelli (Polychaeta: Spionidae) as mud-blister worms in New Zealand shellfish. New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research, 44, 83 - 100. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00288330.2010.482969" type="journal article" year="2010">Read 2010: 9–11</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13482A01FF88093C99E1FDA6FAFE0F4C" box="[1203,1309,600,624]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1119,1143]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,450,1093]" captionTargetId="figure-167@2.[151,1436,450,1093]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Map showing the type locality (black circle) and worldwide distribution of Polydora websteri in the wild and on farmed molluscs; reports accompanied with detailed descriptions only (blue triangle), detailed descriptions and genetic information (pink circle), records without detailed descriptions nor genetic information (orange squares) and reports of Polydora cf. websteri (green circle). Southern Africa distribution with positions of three phylogeographic breaks (I) Cape Point, (II) Cape Agulhas, (III) Algoa Bay (Teske et al. 2011) relative to collection sites on west, south and east coasts. (A) Swakopmund, (B) Kleinzee, (C) Paternoster, (D) Port Elizabeth and (E) Durban." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4748970" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4748970/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">Figs 1H–J</figureCitation>
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,
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||
<figureCitation id="13482A01FF88093C9875FDA6FA7A0F4C" box="[1319,1433,600,624]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1800,1824]" captionTargetBox="[242,1342,184,1769]" captionTargetId="figure-20@9.[236,1352,179,1774]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 2. (a) Phylogenetic tree of Polydora websteri inferred from COI sequences with Boccardia proboscidea and Polydora onagawaensis serving as the outgroup taxa. Maximum likelihood bootstrap support ≥ 97 % is given above every branch and the Bayesian support ≥ 97 % given below the branch and to the right of the tree. (b) COI haplotype network of P. websteri from South Africa, Namibia, Australia, China and USA (east and west coasts and Hawaii). Each region is represented by a different colour as in (a), circle sizes are proportional to number of sequences in each haplotype (Hap), lines perpendicular to the connecting lines indicate mutation differences and black dots indicate missing haplotypes. Sequences generated in this study are shown in bold, asterisk (*) indicates specimens previously identified as Polydora cf. websteri." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4748972" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4748972/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">2B, 2D, 2F</figureCitation>
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,
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||
<figureCitation id="13482A01FF88093C9D95FD88FEEB0FB2" box="[199,264,630,654]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1731,1755]" captionTargetBox="[183,1405,179,1704]" captionTargetId="figure-32@14.[183,1405,179,1705]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 4. Polydora websteri specimens from South Africa stained with methyl-green. (A) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089084, (B) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089088, (C) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089084, (D) dorsal mid-body of SAMC-A089084, (E) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089088, (F) lateral mid-body of SAMC-A089084, (G) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089084, (H) ventral posterior of SAMC-A089084; scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4748976" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4748976/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">4D–G</figureCitation>
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;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AD21095FF88093C9C40FD88FE090FB2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6172873" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6172873" author="Surugiu, V." box="[274,490,630,654]" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/DD1587CF4A78DF3CFF0FD2B7AE5BFB15" page="50" pageId="12" pageNumber="267" year="2012">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF88093C9C40FD88FE090FB2" author="Surugiu, V." box="[274,490,630,654]" pageId="12" pageNumber="267" pagination="45 - 65" refId="ref17729" refString="Surugiu, V. (2012) Systematics and ecology of species of the Polydora - complex (Polychaeta: Spionidae) of the Black Sea. Zootaxa, 3518, 45 - 65. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3518.1.3" type="journal article" year="2012">Surugiu 2012: 50–53</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13482A01FF88093C9CA7FD88FDD10FB2" box="[501,562,630,654]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1722,1746]" captionTargetBox="[291,1301,187,1689]" captionTargetId="figure-32@10.[280,1307,181,1698]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 3. (a) Phylogenetic tree of Polydora websteri inferred from Cyt b sequences with Boccardia proboscidea and Polydora onagawaensis serving as the outgroup taxa. Maximum likelihood bootstrap support ≥ 97 % is given above every branch and the Bayesian support ≥ 97 % given below the branch.(b) Phylogenetic tree of Polydora websteri inferred from 18S rRNA sequences. (c) Cyt b haplotype network of P. websteri from South Africa, Namibia, Australia and China. Each region is represented by a different colour as in (a), circle sizes are proportional to number of sequences in each haplotype (Hap), lines perpendicular to the connecting lines indicate mutation differences and black dots indicate missing haplotypes. (d) 18S rRNA haplotype network of P. websteri from South Africa, Namibia, Australia, China and Japan. Each region is represented by a different colour as in (b). Sequences generated in this study are shown in bold, asterisk (*) indicates specimens previously identified as Polydora cf. websteri." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4748974" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4748974/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AD21095FF88093C9F6FFD88FC5C0FB2" author="Sato-Okoshi, W. & Abe, H." box="[573,959,630,654]" page="1280" pageId="12" pageNumber="267" year="2013">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF88093C9F6FFD88FC5C0FB2" author="Sato-Okoshi, W. & Abe, H." box="[573,959,630,654]" pageId="12" pageNumber="267" pagination="1279 - 1286" refId="ref16790" refString="Sato-Okoshi, W. & Abe, H. (2013) Morphology and molecular analysis of the 18 S rRNA gene of oyster shell borers, Polydora species (Polychaeta: Spionidae), from Japan and Australia. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 93, 1279 - 1286. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 002531541200152 X" type="journal article" year="2013">Sato-Okoshi & Abe 2013: 1280–1281</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
|
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,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13482A01FF88093C9E98FD88FBE40FB2" box="[970,1031,630,654]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1800,1824]" captionTargetBox="[242,1342,184,1769]" captionTargetId="figure-20@9.[236,1352,179,1774]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 2. (a) Phylogenetic tree of Polydora websteri inferred from COI sequences with Boccardia proboscidea and Polydora onagawaensis serving as the outgroup taxa. Maximum likelihood bootstrap support ≥ 97 % is given above every branch and the Bayesian support ≥ 97 % given below the branch and to the right of the tree. (b) COI haplotype network of P. websteri from South Africa, Namibia, Australia, China and USA (east and west coasts and Hawaii). Each region is represented by a different colour as in (a), circle sizes are proportional to number of sequences in each haplotype (Hap), lines perpendicular to the connecting lines indicate mutation differences and black dots indicate missing haplotypes. Sequences generated in this study are shown in bold, asterisk (*) indicates specimens previously identified as Polydora cf. websteri." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4748972" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4748972/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
; Sato-Okoshi
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EA96FF88093C99C5FD89FB290FB2" box="[1175,1226,630,654]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2013, 153–159,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13482A01FF88093C9826FD88FF350F91" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1572,1596]" captionTargetBox="[289,1299,182,1548]" captionTargetId="figure-20@15.[289,1299,181,1548]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 5. Polydora websteri specimens from South Africa showing variation in methyl-green staining patterns. (A) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089086, (B) palps with magenta arrow indicating a line of blue staining pigment adjacent to the black continuous pigmentation lines indicated with a yellow arrow, (C) unstained palp with yellow arrow head indicating faded portion of the black continuous pigmentation line, (D) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089085 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells on prostomium forming two bars and magenta arrow-head indicating staining on peristomium concentrated along ridge of prostomium, (E) dorsal mid-body of SAMC-A089085, (F) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089088 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells forming a wide band across the anterior part of chaetiger and green arrow indicating hooded hooks on chaetiger 7, (G) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089088 with magenta arrow-head indicating stained cells forming a thin band across the anterior part of chaetiger, (H) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089085, (J) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089086 with green arrow indicating spines on chaetiger 5, (K) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089084, (L) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089086 with green arrow indicating branchiae beginning at chaetiger 7, (M) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089085 with green arrow indicating spines in curved row on chaetiger 5, (N) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089087 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells forming a bar; scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4748978" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4748978/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
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||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF88093C9DB2FD6BFE920F91" author="Ye, L. T. & Cao, C. & Tang, B. & Yao, T. & Wang, R." box="[224,369,661,685]" pageId="12" pageNumber="267" pagination="699 - 710" refId="ref18329" refString="Ye, L. T., Cao, C., Tang, B., Yao, T. & Wang, R. (2017) Morphological and molecular characterization of Polydora websteri (Annelida: Spionidae), and larvae using mitochondrial COI gene as a molecular marker. Pakistan Journal of Zoology, 49, 699 - 710. https: // doi. org / 10.17582 / journal. pjz / 2017.49.2.699.710" type="journal article" year="2017">
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Ye
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<emphasis id="B907EA96FF88093C9C50FD68FECD0F91" box="[258,302,661,685]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">et al</emphasis>
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. 2017
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
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||
;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF88093C9C29FD6BFDF80F91" author="Rice, L. N. & Lindsay, S. & Rawson, P." box="[379,539,661,685]" pageId="12" pageNumber="267" pagination="437 - 446" refId="ref16223" refString="Rice, L. N., Lindsay, S. & Rawson, P. (2018) Genetic homogeneity among geographically distant populations of the blister worm Polydora websteri. Aquaculture Environment Interactions, 10, 437 - 446. https: // doi. org / 10.3354 / AEI 00281" type="journal article" year="2018">
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Rice
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<emphasis id="B907EA96FF88093C9CFDFD68FE3F0F91" box="[431,476,661,685]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">et al</emphasis>
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||
. 2018
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BCC3684FF88093C9DC5FD4AFE060FF0" blockId="12.[151,1437,508,777]" box="[151,485,692,716]" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D07FF88093C9DC5FD4AFE060FF0" ID-CoL="4L635" authority=": Simon 2011" authorityName=": Simon" authorityYear="2011" box="[151,485,692,716]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Polydora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="12" pageNumber="267" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="ciliata">
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||
<emphasis id="B907EA96FF88093C9DC5FD4AFF160FF0" box="[151,245,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">Polydora</emphasis>
|
||
cf.
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EA96FF88093C9C4EFD4AFEBE0FF0" box="[284,349,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">ciliata</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF88093C9C38FD4AFE060FF0" author="Simon, C. A." box="[362,485,692,716]" pageId="12" pageNumber="267" pagination="39 - 50" refId="ref17219" refString="Simon, C. A. (2011) Polydora and Dipolydora (Polychaeta: Spionidae) associated with on the south coast of South Africa, with descriptions of two new species. African Invertebrates 52, 39 - 50. https: // doi. org / 10.5733 / afin. 052.0104" type="journal article" year="2011">Simon 2011</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCC3684FF88093C9DC5FD2CFD170FD6" blockId="12.[151,1437,508,777]" box="[151,756,722,746]" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB6311AAFF88093C9DC5FD2CFD170FD6" box="[151,756,722,746]" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AD21095FF88093C9DC5FD2CFD670FD6" author="Sato-Okoshi, W. & Okoshi, K. & Shaw, J." box="[151,644,722,746]" page="495" pageId="12" pageNumber="267" year="2008">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D07FF88093C9DC5FD2CFD670FD6" ID-CoL="4L63W" authority=": Sato-Okoshi et al. 2008: 495" authorityName="Sato-Okoshi" authorityPageNumber="495" authorityYear="2008" box="[151,644,722,746]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Polydora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="12" pageNumber="267" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="haswelli">
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||
<emphasis id="B907EA96FF88093C9DC5FD2CFEB30FD6" box="[151,336,722,746]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">Polydora haswelli</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF88093C9C0CFD2CFD670FD6" author="Sato-Okoshi, W. & Okoshi, K. & Shaw, J." box="[350,644,722,746]" pageId="12" pageNumber="267" pagination="491 - 501" refId="ref17004" refString="Sato-Okoshi, W., Okoshi, K. & Shaw, J. (2008) Polydorid species (Polychaeta: Spionidae) in south-western Australian waters with special reference to Polydora uncinata and Boccardia knoxi. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 88, 491 - 501. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0025315408000842" type="journal article" year="2008">
|
||
Sato-Okoshi
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EA96FF88093C9CB1FD2DFDEC0FD6" box="[483,527,722,746]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2008: 495
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
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</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13482A01FF88093C9FDCFD2CFD170FD6" box="[654,756,722,746]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1731,1755]" captionTargetBox="[183,1405,179,1704]" captionTargetId="figure-32@14.[183,1405,179,1705]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 4. Polydora websteri specimens from South Africa stained with methyl-green. (A) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089084, (B) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089088, (C) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089084, (D) dorsal mid-body of SAMC-A089084, (E) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089088, (F) lateral mid-body of SAMC-A089084, (G) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089084, (H) ventral posterior of SAMC-A089084; scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4748976" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4748976/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">Fig. 4F, G</figureCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCC3684FF88093C9DC5FD0FFB7C0E35" blockId="12.[151,1437,508,777]" box="[151,1183,753,777]" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D07FF88093C9DC5FD0FFDFB0E35" ID-CoL="4L669" authority=": Williams 2015" authorityName=": Williams" authorityYear="2015" box="[151,536,753,777]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Polydora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="12" pageNumber="267" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="websteri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EA96FF88093C9DC5FD0FFF160E35" box="[151,245,753,777]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">Polydora</emphasis>
|
||
cf.
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EA96FF88093C9C4EFD0FFE910E35" box="[284,370,753,777]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">websteri</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF88093C9C2DFD0FFDFB0E35" author="Williams, L. G." box="[383,536,753,777]" pageId="12" pageNumber="267" refId="ref18067" refString="Williams, L. G. (2015) Genetic structure of pest polydorids (Annelida: Spionidae) infesting Crassostrea gigas in southern Africa: Are pests being moved with oysters? Master's thesis, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, 75 pp." type="book" year="2015">Williams 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; Simon 2015;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF88093C9FF8FD0FFC2B0E35" author="Simon, C. A. & Sato-Okoshi, W." box="[682,968,753,777]" pageId="12" pageNumber="267" pagination="147 - 166" refId="ref17437" refString="Simon, C. A. & Sato-Okoshi, W. (2015) Polydorid polychaetes on farmed molluscs: Distribution, spread and factors contributing to their success. Aquaculture Environment Interactions, 7, 147 - 166. https: // doi. org / 10.3354 / aei 00138" type="journal article" year="2015">Simon & Sato-Okoshi 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF88093C9E83FD0FFB7C0E35" author="Williams, L. G. & Karl, S. A. & Rice, S. A. & Simon, C. A." box="[977,1183,753,777]" pageId="12" pageNumber="267" pagination="105 - 118" refId="ref18111" refString="Williams, L. G., Karl, S. A., Rice, S. A. & Simon, C. A. (2017) Molecular identification of polydorid polychaetes (Annelida: Spionidae): Is there a quick way to identify pest and alien species? African Zoology, 52, 105 - 118. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 15627020.2017.1313131" type="journal article" year="2017">
|
||
Williams
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EA96FF88093C9961FD0CFB830E35" box="[1075,1120,753,777]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2017
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C369650FFF88093C9DC5FCC9FBB60972" pageId="12" pageNumber="267" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCC3684FF88093C9DC5FCC9FBB60972" blockId="12.[151,1437,823,2038]" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EA96FF88093C9DC5FCC9FE630E6D" bold="true" box="[151,384,823,849]" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">Material examined.</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B1B3CD9FF88093C9CD5FCC9FB1F0EA5" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3459553304" collectingDate="2017-08" collectionCode="SAMC-A" collectorName="C. A. Simon" country="South Africa" latitude="-33.833332" location="Nelson Mandela Bay" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="25.833334" pageId="12" pageNumber="267" specimenCode="SAMC-A089084, SAMC-A089088, SAMC-A089094, SAMC-A089181" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3647614FF88093C9CD5FCC9FDF90E6D" box="[391,538,823,849]" name="South Africa" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B7F866FF88093C9F76FCC6FD580E6D" box="[548,699,823,850]" country="South Africa" name="Eastern Cape" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">Eastern Cape</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EAC605FFF88093C9F94FCC9FC560E6E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DA8792FF8809209DC5FE6DFDE00ACA:8EAC605FFF88093C9F94FCC9FC560E6E" box="[710,949,823,850]" country="South Africa" latitude="-33.833332" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="25.833334" name="Nelson Mandela Bay" pageId="12" pageNumber="267" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">Nelson Mandela Bay</location>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE475043FF88093C9E93FCC7FBDF0E6D" box="[961,1084,823,852]" degrees="33" direction="south" minutes="50" orientation="latitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="267" precision="15" seconds="0" value="-33.833332">33°50′0″ S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE475043FF88093C991AFCC7FB250E6E" box="[1096,1222,824,852]" degrees="25" direction="east" minutes="50" orientation="longitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="267" precision="15" seconds="0" value="25.833334">25°50′0″ E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBD59EFFFF88093C9980FCC9FA760E6D" box="[1234,1429,823,849]" collectionCode="SAMC-A" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">SAMC-A089084</specimenCode>
|
||
-
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBD59EFFFF88093C9DC5FCA5FEBB0E49" box="[151,344,859,885]" collectionCode="SAMC-A" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">SAMC-A089088</specimenCode>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D75FD0DFF88093C9C3AFCA5FE070E49" box="[360,484,859,885]" pageId="12" pageNumber="267" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
each);
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBD59EFFFF88093C9F60FCA5FD100E49" box="[562,755,859,885]" collectionCode="SAMC-A" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">SAMC-A089094</specimenCode>
|
||
(16 complete and 2 incomplete specimens),
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBD59EFFFF88093C9989FCA5FA7F0E49" box="[1243,1436,859,885]" collectionCode="SAMC-A" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">SAMC-A089181</specimenCode>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D75FD0DFF88093C9DF0FC81FEC70EA6" box="[162,292,895,922]" pageId="12" pageNumber="267" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
);
|
||
<date id="FFCD1044FF88093C9C66FC81FE250EA5" box="[308,454,895,921]" pageId="12" pageNumber="267" value="2017-08">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF89E9ACFF88093C9C66FC81FE250EA5" box="[308,454,895,921]" pageId="12" pageNumber="267" value="2017-08">August 2017</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName id="26865352FF88093C9C83FC81FDBE0EA5" box="[465,605,895,921]" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">C. A. Simon</collectorName>
|
||
; from cultured
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D07FF88093C9E57FC7EFC2C0EA5" baseAuthorityName="Thunberg" baseAuthorityYear="1793" box="[773,975,896,922]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Crassostrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="12" pageNumber="267" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gigas">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EA96FF88093C9E57FC7EFC2C0EA5" box="[773,975,896,922]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">Crassostrea gigas</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EA96FF88093C9E89FC81FB1F0EA5" bold="true" box="[987,1276,895,921]" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">Type material examined</emphasis>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EA96FF88093C99AEFC81FAE20EA5" bold="true" box="[1276,1281,895,921]" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">.</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B1B3CD9FF88093C9855FC81FBAD0E82" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3459553302" collectionCode="LACM-AHF" country="United States of America" location="Long Island" pageId="12" pageNumber="267" specimenCode="POLY 1628" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Connecticut" typeStatus="lectotype">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3647614FF88093C9855FC81FEF90E81" name="United States of America" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">United States of America</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B7F866FF88093C9C77FC5DFE4C0E81" box="[293,431,931,957]" country="United States of America" name="Connecticut" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">Connecticut</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EAC605FFF88093C9CE9FC5AFDA10E81" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DA8792FF8809209DC5FE6DFDE00ACA:8EAC605FFF88093C9CE9FC5AFDA10E81" box="[443,578,931,958]" country="United States of America" name="Long Island" pageId="12" pageNumber="267" stateProvince="Connecticut">Long Island</location>
|
||
Sound;
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C88826FF88093C9FF0FC5AFCF10E82" box="[674,786,932,958]" pageId="12" pageNumber="267" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED62AE41FF88093C9E73FC5DFC560E81" box="[801,949,931,957]" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">LACM-AHF</collectionCode>
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBD59EFFFF88093C9EEFFC5DFBA50E82" box="[957,1094,931,958]" collectionCode="POLY" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">POLY 1628</specimenCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B1B3CD9FF88093C9909FC5DFB460EDD" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3459553305" collectingDate="1943-01-04" collectorName="J. B. Engle" country="United States of America" location="Milford River" pageId="12" pageNumber="267" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Connecticut">
|
||
<date id="FFCD1044FF88093C9909FC5DFAE80E81" box="[1115,1291,931,958]" pageId="12" pageNumber="267" value="1943-01-04">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF89E9ACFF88093C9909FC5DFAE80E81" box="[1115,1291,931,958]" pageId="12" pageNumber="267" value="1943-01-04">4 January 1943</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName id="26865352FF88093C984AFC5AFA7B0E81" box="[1304,1432,931,958]" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">J. B. Engle</collectorName>
|
||
; mouth of
|
||
<location id="8EAC605FFF88093C9C52FC39FE7D0EDD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DA8792FF8809209DC5FE6DFDE00ACA:8EAC605FFF88093C9C52FC39FE7D0EDD" box="[256,414,967,993]" country="United States of America" name="Milford River" pageId="12" pageNumber="267" stateProvince="Connecticut">Milford River</location>
|
||
; from vesicles on empty oyster shells.
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EA96FF88093C9E13FC39FB460EDD" bold="true" box="[833,1189,967,993]" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">Additional material examined</emphasis>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EA96FF88093C99F7FC39FB490EDD" bold="true" box="[1189,1194,967,993]" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">.</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B1B3CD9FF88093C99FDFC39FDF20915" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3459553303" collectingDate="2017-08" collectorName="C. A. Simon" country="South Africa" latitude="-33.833332" location="Nelson Mandela Bay" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="25.833334" pageId="12" pageNumber="267" specimenCount="26" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3647614FF88093C99FDFC39FAA30EDD" box="[1199,1344,967,993]" name="South Africa" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B7F866FF88093C981AFC36FF300939" country="South Africa" name="Eastern Cape" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">Eastern Cape</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EAC605FFF88093C9D8DFC15FE2D093A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DA8792FF8809209DC5FE6DFDE00ACA:8EAC605FFF88093C9D8DFC15FE2D093A" box="[223,462,1003,1030]" country="South Africa" latitude="-33.833332" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="25.833334" name="Nelson Mandela Bay" pageId="12" pageNumber="267" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">Nelson Mandela Bay</location>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE475043FF88093C9C88FC13FDB60939" box="[474,597,1003,1032]" degrees="33" direction="south" minutes="50" orientation="latitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="267" precision="15" seconds="0" value="-33.833332">33°50′0″ S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE475043FF88093C9F33FC13FD3C093A" box="[609,735,1004,1032]" degrees="25" direction="east" minutes="50" orientation="longitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="267" precision="15" seconds="0" value="25.833334">25°50′0″ E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D75FD0DFF88093C9FB9FC15FC600939" box="[747,899,1003,1029]" pageId="12" pageNumber="267" type="generic">26 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
sacrificed for genetic analysis;
|
||
<date id="FFCD1044FF88093C99B6FC15FA940939" box="[1252,1399,1003,1029]" pageId="12" pageNumber="267" value="2017-08">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF89E9ACFF88093C99B6FC15FA940939" box="[1252,1399,1003,1029]" pageId="12" pageNumber="267" value="2017-08">August 2017</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName id="26865352FF88093C98D0FC15FEE40915" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">C. A. Simon</collectorName>
|
||
; from cultured
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D07FF88093C9CE1FBEEFDF20915" baseAuthorityName="Thunberg" baseAuthorityYear="1793" box="[435,529,1040,1066]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Crassostrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="12" pageNumber="267" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gigas">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EA96FF88093C9CE1FBEEFDF20915" box="[435,529,1040,1066]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">C. gigas</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B1B3CD9FF88093C9F4DFBF1FBAC0971" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3459553301" collectingDate="2012-11" collectorName="C. A. Simon" country="South Africa" latitude="-29.666388" location="Kleinzee" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="17.083334" pageId="12" pageNumber="267" specimenCount="7" stateProvince="Northern Cape">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3647614FF88093C9F4DFBF1FD510915" box="[543,690,1039,1065]" name="South Africa" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B7F866FF88093C9FEFFBF1FC860915" box="[701,869,1039,1065]" country="South Africa" name="Northern Cape" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">Northern Cape</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EAC605FFF88093C9E23FBF1FC3B0915" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DA8792FF8809209DC5FE6DFDE00ACA:8EAC605FFF88093C9E23FBF1FC3B0915" box="[881,984,1039,1065]" country="South Africa" latitude="-29.666388" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="17.083334" name="Kleinzee" pageId="12" pageNumber="267" stateProvince="Northern Cape">Kleinzee</location>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE475043FF88093C9EB1FBEFFB8E0915" box="[995,1133,1039,1068]" degrees="29" direction="south" minutes="39" orientation="latitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="267" precision="15" seconds="59" value="-29.666388">29°39′59″ S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE475043FF88093C9928FBEFFAE50916" box="[1146,1286,1040,1068]" degrees="17" direction="east" minutes="04" orientation="longitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="267" precision="15" seconds="60" value="17.083334">17°04′60″ E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D75FD0DFF88093C9840FBEEFA7E0915" box="[1298,1437,1039,1066]" pageId="12" pageNumber="267" type="generic">7 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
sacrificed for genetic analysis;
|
||
<date id="FFCD1044FF88093C9CA6FBCDFD4E0971" box="[500,685,1075,1101]" pageId="12" pageNumber="267" value="2012-11">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF89E9ACFF88093C9CA6FBCDFD4E0971" box="[500,685,1075,1101]" pageId="12" pageNumber="267" value="2012-11">November 2012</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName id="26865352FF88093C9FEAFBCDFCA50971" box="[696,838,1075,1101]" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">C. A. Simon</collectorName>
|
||
; from cultured
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D07FF88093C9EA3FBCAFBAC0971" baseAuthorityName="Thunberg" baseAuthorityYear="1793" box="[1009,1103,1076,1102]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Crassostrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="12" pageNumber="267" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gigas">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EA96FF88093C9EA3FBCAFBAC0971" box="[1009,1103,1076,1102]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">C. gigas</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C369650FFF88093D9D95FBA9FD670FF1" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="268" pageId="12" pageNumber="267" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCC3684FF88093C9D95FBA9FB2C083D" blockId="12.[151,1437,823,2038]" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EA96FF88093C9D95FBA9FD3D094D" bold="true" box="[199,734,1111,1138]" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">
|
||
Description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D07FF88093C9C2BFBA9FE17094E" authorityName=": Williams" authorityYear="2015" box="[377,500,1111,1138]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Polydora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="12" pageNumber="267" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="websteri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EA96FF88093C9C2BFBA9FE17094E" bold="true" box="[377,500,1111,1138]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">P. websteri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3647614FF88093C9F6CFBA9FD3A094D" box="[574,729,1111,1137]" name="South Africa" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Complete specimens
|
||
<quantity id="4C8B9B61FF88093C9E85FBA9FB93094E" box="[983,1136,1111,1138]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.335" metricValueMax="2.2" metricValueMin="0.47" pageId="12" pageNumber="267" unit="mm" value="13.35" valueMax="22.0" valueMin="4.7">4.7 to 22 mm</quantity>
|
||
long and
|
||
<quantity id="4C8B9B61FF88093C99B3FBA9FA7E094E" box="[1249,1437,1111,1138]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.35" metricValueMax="9.5" metricValueMin="3.2" pageId="12" pageNumber="267" unit="mm" value="0.635" valueMax="0.95" valueMin="0.32">0.32 to 0.95 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide at chaetiger 5 (n = 22), for up to 39 to 123 chaetigers (n = 20). Prostomium anteriorly bilobed or weakly bilobed; caruncle extending to mid chaetiger 2 or up to end chaetiger 3 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13482A01FF88093C9E30FB61FC020985" box="[866,993,1183,1209]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1731,1755]" captionTargetBox="[183,1405,179,1704]" captionTargetId="figure-32@14.[183,1405,179,1705]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 4. Polydora websteri specimens from South Africa stained with methyl-green. (A) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089084, (B) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089088, (C) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089084, (D) dorsal mid-body of SAMC-A089084, (E) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089088, (F) lateral mid-body of SAMC-A089084, (G) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089084, (H) ventral posterior of SAMC-A089084; scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4748976" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4748976/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">Figs 4A, C</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13482A01FF88093C9EBFFB61FB9E0986" box="[1005,1149,1183,1210]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1572,1596]" captionTargetBox="[289,1299,182,1548]" captionTargetId="figure-20@15.[289,1299,181,1548]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 5. Polydora websteri specimens from South Africa showing variation in methyl-green staining patterns. (A) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089086, (B) palps with magenta arrow indicating a line of blue staining pigment adjacent to the black continuous pigmentation lines indicated with a yellow arrow, (C) unstained palp with yellow arrow head indicating faded portion of the black continuous pigmentation line, (D) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089085 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells on prostomium forming two bars and magenta arrow-head indicating staining on peristomium concentrated along ridge of prostomium, (E) dorsal mid-body of SAMC-A089085, (F) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089088 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells forming a wide band across the anterior part of chaetiger and green arrow indicating hooded hooks on chaetiger 7, (G) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089088 with magenta arrow-head indicating stained cells forming a thin band across the anterior part of chaetiger, (H) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089085, (J) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089086 with green arrow indicating spines on chaetiger 5, (K) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089084, (L) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089086 with green arrow indicating branchiae beginning at chaetiger 7, (M) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089085 with green arrow indicating spines in curved row on chaetiger 5, (N) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089087 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells forming a bar; scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4748978" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4748978/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">5A, D, L, M</figureCitation>
|
||
); eyes usually absent, but up to 4 arranged in trapezoid when present; occipital antenna absent (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13482A01FF88093C9EF4FB3DFBE009E1" box="[934,1027,1219,1245]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1731,1755]" captionTargetBox="[183,1405,179,1704]" captionTargetId="figure-32@14.[183,1405,179,1705]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 4. Polydora websteri specimens from South Africa stained with methyl-green. (A) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089084, (B) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089088, (C) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089084, (D) dorsal mid-body of SAMC-A089084, (E) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089088, (F) lateral mid-body of SAMC-A089084, (G) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089084, (H) ventral posterior of SAMC-A089084; scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4748976" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4748976/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">Figs 4C</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13482A01FF88093C995DFB3DFBB909E2" box="[1039,1114,1219,1246]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1572,1596]" captionTargetBox="[289,1299,182,1548]" captionTargetId="figure-20@15.[289,1299,181,1548]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 5. Polydora websteri specimens from South Africa showing variation in methyl-green staining patterns. (A) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089086, (B) palps with magenta arrow indicating a line of blue staining pigment adjacent to the black continuous pigmentation lines indicated with a yellow arrow, (C) unstained palp with yellow arrow head indicating faded portion of the black continuous pigmentation line, (D) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089085 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells on prostomium forming two bars and magenta arrow-head indicating staining on peristomium concentrated along ridge of prostomium, (E) dorsal mid-body of SAMC-A089085, (F) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089088 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells forming a wide band across the anterior part of chaetiger and green arrow indicating hooded hooks on chaetiger 7, (G) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089088 with magenta arrow-head indicating stained cells forming a thin band across the anterior part of chaetiger, (H) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089085, (J) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089086 with green arrow indicating spines on chaetiger 5, (K) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089084, (L) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089086 with green arrow indicating branchiae beginning at chaetiger 7, (M) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089085 with green arrow indicating spines in curved row on chaetiger 5, (N) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089087 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells forming a bar; scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4748978" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4748978/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">5L, M</figureCitation>
|
||
). Body pigmentation absent; palps with distinct continuous black pigmentation lines adjacent to the food groove (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13482A01FF88093C991BFB19FB21083D" box="[1097,1218,1255,1282]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1572,1596]" captionTargetBox="[289,1299,182,1548]" captionTargetId="figure-20@15.[289,1299,181,1548]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 5. Polydora websteri specimens from South Africa showing variation in methyl-green staining patterns. (A) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089086, (B) palps with magenta arrow indicating a line of blue staining pigment adjacent to the black continuous pigmentation lines indicated with a yellow arrow, (C) unstained palp with yellow arrow head indicating faded portion of the black continuous pigmentation line, (D) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089085 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells on prostomium forming two bars and magenta arrow-head indicating staining on peristomium concentrated along ridge of prostomium, (E) dorsal mid-body of SAMC-A089085, (F) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089088 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells forming a wide band across the anterior part of chaetiger and green arrow indicating hooded hooks on chaetiger 7, (G) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089088 with magenta arrow-head indicating stained cells forming a thin band across the anterior part of chaetiger, (H) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089085, (J) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089086 with green arrow indicating spines on chaetiger 5, (K) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089084, (L) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089086 with green arrow indicating branchiae beginning at chaetiger 7, (M) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089085 with green arrow indicating spines in curved row on chaetiger 5, (N) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089087 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells forming a bar; scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4748978" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4748978/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">Fig. 5B, C</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCC3684FF88093C9D95FAF5FEA108C2" blockId="12.[151,1437,823,2038]" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">
|
||
Notochaetae absent on chaetiger 1, notopodial lobe small. Winged capillary notochaetae with postchaetal lamellae on chaetigers 2 to 4 and 6. Capillary notochaetae with postchaetal lamellae on posterior chaetigers reducing in size posteriorly. Winged neurochaetae with postchaetal lamellae increasing in size from chaetigers 1 to 4 and 6. Neurochaetae replaced by bidentate hooded hooks in vertical row on chaetiger 7 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13482A01FF88093C9962FA89FB4E08AD" box="[1072,1197,1399,1425]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1731,1755]" captionTargetBox="[183,1405,179,1704]" captionTargetId="figure-32@14.[183,1405,179,1705]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 4. Polydora websteri specimens from South Africa stained with methyl-green. (A) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089084, (B) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089088, (C) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089084, (D) dorsal mid-body of SAMC-A089084, (E) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089088, (F) lateral mid-body of SAMC-A089084, (G) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089084, (H) ventral posterior of SAMC-A089084; scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4748976" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4748976/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">Figs 4B, C</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13482A01FF88093C99EBFA89FADA08AE" box="[1209,1337,1399,1426]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1572,1596]" captionTargetBox="[289,1299,182,1548]" captionTargetId="figure-20@15.[289,1299,181,1548]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 5. Polydora websteri specimens from South Africa showing variation in methyl-green staining patterns. (A) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089086, (B) palps with magenta arrow indicating a line of blue staining pigment adjacent to the black continuous pigmentation lines indicated with a yellow arrow, (C) unstained palp with yellow arrow head indicating faded portion of the black continuous pigmentation line, (D) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089085 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells on prostomium forming two bars and magenta arrow-head indicating staining on peristomium concentrated along ridge of prostomium, (E) dorsal mid-body of SAMC-A089085, (F) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089088 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells forming a wide band across the anterior part of chaetiger and green arrow indicating hooded hooks on chaetiger 7, (G) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089088 with magenta arrow-head indicating stained cells forming a thin band across the anterior part of chaetiger, (H) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089085, (J) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089086 with green arrow indicating spines on chaetiger 5, (K) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089084, (L) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089086 with green arrow indicating branchiae beginning at chaetiger 7, (M) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089085 with green arrow indicating spines in curved row on chaetiger 5, (N) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089087 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells forming a bar; scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4748978" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4748978/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">5F, J, L, M</figureCitation>
|
||
); up to 7 hooded hooks per fascicle, increasing to
|
||
<quantity id="4C8B9B61FF88093C9F07FA65FD680889" box="[597,651,1435,1461]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.794" pageId="12" pageNumber="267" unit="in" value="11.0">11 in</quantity>
|
||
middle chaetigers, decreasing to 1 or 2 on posterior chaetigers. Hooded hooks without companion chaetae; main fang at <45° to apical tooth and right angle to shaft; with constriction on shaft (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13482A01FF88093C9D8FFA1DFED508C2" box="[221,310,1507,1534]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1257,1281]" captionTargetBox="[268,1319,181,1233]" captionTargetId="figure-32@16.[268,1319,181,1233]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 6. Chaetal structures of Polydora websteri (SAMC-A089181) from South Africa. (A) falcate spines on chaetiger 5 with white arrow indicating the flange on the concave side and green arrow indicating pennoned companion chaetae, (B) hooded hooks on neuropodium of posterior chaetigers with white arrow indicating the hood and green arrow the constriction at the shaft, (C) spine indicated by white arrow with superior winged chaetae on chaetiger 5, (D) inferior winged chaetae on chaetiger 5; scale bars: 0.05 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4748980" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4748980/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">Fig. 6B</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCC3684FF88093C9D95F9F9FDFB0B8E" blockId="12.[151,1437,823,2038]" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">
|
||
Chaetiger 5 modified, approximately twice as long as chaetigers 4 and 6 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13482A01FF88093C9941F9F9FB540B1D" box="[1043,1207,1543,1570]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1731,1755]" captionTargetBox="[183,1405,179,1704]" captionTargetId="figure-32@14.[183,1405,179,1705]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 4. Polydora websteri specimens from South Africa stained with methyl-green. (A) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089084, (B) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089088, (C) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089084, (D) dorsal mid-body of SAMC-A089084, (E) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089088, (F) lateral mid-body of SAMC-A089084, (G) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089084, (H) ventral posterior of SAMC-A089084; scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4748976" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4748976/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">Figs 4A, B, C</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13482A01FF88093C9996F9F9FA6C0B1E" box="[1220,1423,1543,1570]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1572,1596]" captionTargetBox="[289,1299,182,1548]" captionTargetId="figure-20@15.[289,1299,181,1548]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 5. Polydora websteri specimens from South Africa showing variation in methyl-green staining patterns. (A) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089086, (B) palps with magenta arrow indicating a line of blue staining pigment adjacent to the black continuous pigmentation lines indicated with a yellow arrow, (C) unstained palp with yellow arrow head indicating faded portion of the black continuous pigmentation line, (D) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089085 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells on prostomium forming two bars and magenta arrow-head indicating staining on peristomium concentrated along ridge of prostomium, (E) dorsal mid-body of SAMC-A089085, (F) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089088 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells forming a wide band across the anterior part of chaetiger and green arrow indicating hooded hooks on chaetiger 7, (G) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089088 with magenta arrow-head indicating stained cells forming a thin band across the anterior part of chaetiger, (H) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089085, (J) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089086 with green arrow indicating spines on chaetiger 5, (K) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089084, (L) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089086 with green arrow indicating branchiae beginning at chaetiger 7, (M) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089085 with green arrow indicating spines in curved row on chaetiger 5, (N) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089087 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells forming a bar; scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4748978" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4748978/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">5A, D, F, J, L, M</figureCitation>
|
||
); superior (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13482A01FF88093C9C50F9D5FEBB0B7A" box="[258,344,1579,1606]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1257,1281]" captionTargetBox="[268,1319,181,1233]" captionTargetId="figure-32@16.[268,1319,181,1233]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 6. Chaetal structures of Polydora websteri (SAMC-A089181) from South Africa. (A) falcate spines on chaetiger 5 with white arrow indicating the flange on the concave side and green arrow indicating pennoned companion chaetae, (B) hooded hooks on neuropodium of posterior chaetigers with white arrow indicating the hood and green arrow the constriction at the shaft, (C) spine indicated by white arrow with superior winged chaetae on chaetiger 5, (D) inferior winged chaetae on chaetiger 5; scale bars: 0.05 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4748980" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4748980/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">Fig. 6C</figureCitation>
|
||
) and inferior (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13482A01FF88093C9CABF9D5FDB30B7A" box="[505,592,1579,1606]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1257,1281]" captionTargetBox="[268,1319,181,1233]" captionTargetId="figure-32@16.[268,1319,181,1233]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 6. Chaetal structures of Polydora websteri (SAMC-A089181) from South Africa. (A) falcate spines on chaetiger 5 with white arrow indicating the flange on the concave side and green arrow indicating pennoned companion chaetae, (B) hooded hooks on neuropodium of posterior chaetigers with white arrow indicating the hood and green arrow the constriction at the shaft, (C) spine indicated by white arrow with superior winged chaetae on chaetiger 5, (D) inferior winged chaetae on chaetiger 5; scale bars: 0.05 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4748980" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4748980/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">Fig. 6D</figureCitation>
|
||
) winged chaetae shorter than capillary chaetae on the preceding chaetigers. Thick falcate spines on chaetiger 5 with prominent flange on concave side of spine (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13482A01FF88093C991FF9B1FB2F0B55" box="[1101,1228,1615,1641]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1257,1281]" captionTargetBox="[268,1319,181,1233]" captionTargetId="figure-32@16.[268,1319,181,1233]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 6. Chaetal structures of Polydora websteri (SAMC-A089181) from South Africa. (A) falcate spines on chaetiger 5 with white arrow indicating the flange on the concave side and green arrow indicating pennoned companion chaetae, (B) hooded hooks on neuropodium of posterior chaetigers with white arrow indicating the hood and green arrow the constriction at the shaft, (C) spine indicated by white arrow with superior winged chaetae on chaetiger 5, (D) inferior winged chaetae on chaetiger 5; scale bars: 0.05 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4748980" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4748980/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">Figs 6A, C</figureCitation>
|
||
), no tooth; up to 7 spines in slightly curved row (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13482A01FF88093C9CBBF98DFD860BB1" box="[489,613,1651,1677]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1731,1755]" captionTargetBox="[183,1405,179,1704]" captionTargetId="figure-32@14.[183,1405,179,1705]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 4. Polydora websteri specimens from South Africa stained with methyl-green. (A) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089084, (B) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089088, (C) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089084, (D) dorsal mid-body of SAMC-A089084, (E) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089088, (F) lateral mid-body of SAMC-A089084, (G) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089084, (H) ventral posterior of SAMC-A089084; scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4748976" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4748976/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">Figs 4B, C</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13482A01FF88093C9F22F98DFCD10BB2" box="[624,818,1651,1678]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1572,1596]" captionTargetBox="[289,1299,182,1548]" captionTargetId="figure-20@15.[289,1299,181,1548]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 5. Polydora websteri specimens from South Africa showing variation in methyl-green staining patterns. (A) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089086, (B) palps with magenta arrow indicating a line of blue staining pigment adjacent to the black continuous pigmentation lines indicated with a yellow arrow, (C) unstained palp with yellow arrow head indicating faded portion of the black continuous pigmentation line, (D) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089085 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells on prostomium forming two bars and magenta arrow-head indicating staining on peristomium concentrated along ridge of prostomium, (E) dorsal mid-body of SAMC-A089085, (F) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089088 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells forming a wide band across the anterior part of chaetiger and green arrow indicating hooded hooks on chaetiger 7, (G) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089088 with magenta arrow-head indicating stained cells forming a thin band across the anterior part of chaetiger, (H) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089085, (J) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089086 with green arrow indicating spines on chaetiger 5, (K) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089084, (L) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089086 with green arrow indicating branchiae beginning at chaetiger 7, (M) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089085 with green arrow indicating spines in curved row on chaetiger 5, (N) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089087 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells forming a bar; scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4748978" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4748978/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">5A, D, F, J, L, M</figureCitation>
|
||
); spines alternating with pennoned companion chaetae, tips occasionally frayed (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13482A01FF88093C9CE2F969FDE90B8E" box="[432,522,1687,1714]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1257,1281]" captionTargetBox="[268,1319,181,1233]" captionTargetId="figure-32@16.[268,1319,181,1233]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 6. Chaetal structures of Polydora websteri (SAMC-A089181) from South Africa. (A) falcate spines on chaetiger 5 with white arrow indicating the flange on the concave side and green arrow indicating pennoned companion chaetae, (B) hooded hooks on neuropodium of posterior chaetigers with white arrow indicating the hood and green arrow the constriction at the shaft, (C) spine indicated by white arrow with superior winged chaetae on chaetiger 5, (D) inferior winged chaetae on chaetiger 5; scale bars: 0.05 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4748980" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4748980/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">Fig. 6A</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCC3684FF88093C9D95F945FCC40BC6" blockId="12.[151,1437,823,2038]" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">
|
||
Branchiae present from chaetiger 7 onwards (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13482A01FF88093C9F8EF945FC810BE9" box="[732,866,1723,1749]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1731,1755]" captionTargetBox="[183,1405,179,1704]" captionTargetId="figure-32@14.[183,1405,179,1705]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 4. Polydora websteri specimens from South Africa stained with methyl-green. (A) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089084, (B) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089088, (C) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089084, (D) dorsal mid-body of SAMC-A089084, (E) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089088, (F) lateral mid-body of SAMC-A089084, (G) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089084, (H) ventral posterior of SAMC-A089084; scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4748976" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4748976/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">Figs 4A, C</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13482A01FF88093C9E23F945FBE90BEA" box="[881,1034,1723,1750]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1572,1596]" captionTargetBox="[289,1299,182,1548]" captionTargetId="figure-20@15.[289,1299,181,1548]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 5. Polydora websteri specimens from South Africa showing variation in methyl-green staining patterns. (A) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089086, (B) palps with magenta arrow indicating a line of blue staining pigment adjacent to the black continuous pigmentation lines indicated with a yellow arrow, (C) unstained palp with yellow arrow head indicating faded portion of the black continuous pigmentation line, (D) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089085 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells on prostomium forming two bars and magenta arrow-head indicating staining on peristomium concentrated along ridge of prostomium, (E) dorsal mid-body of SAMC-A089085, (F) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089088 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells forming a wide band across the anterior part of chaetiger and green arrow indicating hooded hooks on chaetiger 7, (G) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089088 with magenta arrow-head indicating stained cells forming a thin band across the anterior part of chaetiger, (H) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089085, (J) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089086 with green arrow indicating spines on chaetiger 5, (K) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089084, (L) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089086 with green arrow indicating branchiae beginning at chaetiger 7, (M) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089085 with green arrow indicating spines in curved row on chaetiger 5, (N) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089087 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells forming a bar; scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4748978" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4748978/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">5A, D, L, M</figureCitation>
|
||
), covering approximately 50 % of chaetigers, longest on chaetigers 11 to 25 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13482A01FF88093C9F26F921FD0E0BC6" box="[628,749,1759,1786]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1731,1755]" captionTargetBox="[183,1405,179,1704]" captionTargetId="figure-32@14.[183,1405,179,1705]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 4. Polydora websteri specimens from South Africa stained with methyl-green. (A) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089084, (B) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089088, (C) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089084, (D) dorsal mid-body of SAMC-A089084, (E) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089088, (F) lateral mid-body of SAMC-A089084, (G) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089084, (H) ventral posterior of SAMC-A089084; scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4748976" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4748976/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">Figs 4D, F</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13482A01FF88093C9FAAF921FCF90BC6" box="[760,794,1759,1786]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1572,1596]" captionTargetBox="[289,1299,182,1548]" captionTargetId="figure-20@15.[289,1299,181,1548]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 5. Polydora websteri specimens from South Africa showing variation in methyl-green staining patterns. (A) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089086, (B) palps with magenta arrow indicating a line of blue staining pigment adjacent to the black continuous pigmentation lines indicated with a yellow arrow, (C) unstained palp with yellow arrow head indicating faded portion of the black continuous pigmentation line, (D) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089085 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells on prostomium forming two bars and magenta arrow-head indicating staining on peristomium concentrated along ridge of prostomium, (E) dorsal mid-body of SAMC-A089085, (F) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089088 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells forming a wide band across the anterior part of chaetiger and green arrow indicating hooded hooks on chaetiger 7, (G) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089088 with magenta arrow-head indicating stained cells forming a thin band across the anterior part of chaetiger, (H) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089085, (J) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089086 with green arrow indicating spines on chaetiger 5, (K) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089084, (L) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089086 with green arrow indicating branchiae beginning at chaetiger 7, (M) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089085 with green arrow indicating spines in curved row on chaetiger 5, (N) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089087 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells forming a bar; scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4748978" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4748978/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">5E</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCC3684FF88093C9D95F8FDFE9C0A7E" blockId="12.[151,1437,823,2038]" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">
|
||
Pygidium cup to disc-shaped, with dorsal notch leading to anus, 1.5 (±0.31) times wider than 5
|
||
<superScript id="7C069BCCFF88093C99A1F8FDFAE30A2D" attach="left" box="[1267,1280,1795,1809]" fontSize="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">th</superScript>
|
||
last chaetiger (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13482A01FF88093C9DCDF8D9FEFC0A7E" box="[159,287,1831,1858]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1731,1755]" captionTargetBox="[183,1405,179,1704]" captionTargetId="figure-32@14.[183,1405,179,1705]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 4. Polydora websteri specimens from South Africa stained with methyl-green. (A) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089084, (B) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089088, (C) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089084, (D) dorsal mid-body of SAMC-A089084, (E) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089088, (F) lateral mid-body of SAMC-A089084, (G) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089084, (H) ventral posterior of SAMC-A089084; scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4748976" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4748976/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">Figs 4G, H</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13482A01FF88093C9C78F8D9FE910A7E" box="[298,370,1831,1858]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1572,1596]" captionTargetBox="[289,1299,182,1548]" captionTargetId="figure-20@15.[289,1299,181,1548]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 5. Polydora websteri specimens from South Africa showing variation in methyl-green staining patterns. (A) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089086, (B) palps with magenta arrow indicating a line of blue staining pigment adjacent to the black continuous pigmentation lines indicated with a yellow arrow, (C) unstained palp with yellow arrow head indicating faded portion of the black continuous pigmentation line, (D) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089085 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells on prostomium forming two bars and magenta arrow-head indicating staining on peristomium concentrated along ridge of prostomium, (E) dorsal mid-body of SAMC-A089085, (F) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089088 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells forming a wide band across the anterior part of chaetiger and green arrow indicating hooded hooks on chaetiger 7, (G) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089088 with magenta arrow-head indicating stained cells forming a thin band across the anterior part of chaetiger, (H) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089085, (J) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089086 with green arrow indicating spines on chaetiger 5, (K) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089084, (L) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089086 with green arrow indicating branchiae beginning at chaetiger 7, (M) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089085 with green arrow indicating spines in curved row on chaetiger 5, (N) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089087 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells forming a bar; scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4748978" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4748978/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">5H, N</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCC3684FF88093C9D95F8B5FB070AB6" blockId="12.[151,1437,823,2038]" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EA96FF88093C9D95F8B5FE710A59" bold="true" box="[199,402,1867,1893]" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">Staining pattern.</emphasis>
|
||
Palps without staining pattern or a line of blue staining pigment adjacent to the continuous black pigmentation lines (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13482A01FF88093C9CE8F891FDF10AB6" box="[442,530,1903,1930]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1572,1596]" captionTargetBox="[289,1299,182,1548]" captionTargetId="figure-20@15.[289,1299,181,1548]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 5. Polydora websteri specimens from South Africa showing variation in methyl-green staining patterns. (A) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089086, (B) palps with magenta arrow indicating a line of blue staining pigment adjacent to the black continuous pigmentation lines indicated with a yellow arrow, (C) unstained palp with yellow arrow head indicating faded portion of the black continuous pigmentation line, (D) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089085 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells on prostomium forming two bars and magenta arrow-head indicating staining on peristomium concentrated along ridge of prostomium, (E) dorsal mid-body of SAMC-A089085, (F) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089088 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells forming a wide band across the anterior part of chaetiger and green arrow indicating hooded hooks on chaetiger 7, (G) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089088 with magenta arrow-head indicating stained cells forming a thin band across the anterior part of chaetiger, (H) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089085, (J) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089086 with green arrow indicating spines on chaetiger 5, (K) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089084, (L) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089086 with green arrow indicating branchiae beginning at chaetiger 7, (M) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089085 with green arrow indicating spines in curved row on chaetiger 5, (N) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089087 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells forming a bar; scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4748978" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4748978/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">Fig. 5B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Branchiae without staining (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13482A01FF88093C9E31F891FBFC0AB6" box="[867,1055,1903,1930]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1731,1755]" captionTargetBox="[183,1405,179,1704]" captionTargetId="figure-32@14.[183,1405,179,1705]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 4. Polydora websteri specimens from South Africa stained with methyl-green. (A) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089084, (B) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089088, (C) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089084, (D) dorsal mid-body of SAMC-A089084, (E) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089088, (F) lateral mid-body of SAMC-A089084, (G) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089084, (H) ventral posterior of SAMC-A089084; scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4748976" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4748976/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">Figs 4A, C, D, F</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13482A01FF88093C9978F891FB3B0AB6" box="[1066,1240,1903,1930]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1572,1596]" captionTargetBox="[289,1299,182,1548]" captionTargetId="figure-20@15.[289,1299,181,1548]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 5. Polydora websteri specimens from South Africa showing variation in methyl-green staining patterns. (A) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089086, (B) palps with magenta arrow indicating a line of blue staining pigment adjacent to the black continuous pigmentation lines indicated with a yellow arrow, (C) unstained palp with yellow arrow head indicating faded portion of the black continuous pigmentation line, (D) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089085 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells on prostomium forming two bars and magenta arrow-head indicating staining on peristomium concentrated along ridge of prostomium, (E) dorsal mid-body of SAMC-A089085, (F) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089088 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells forming a wide band across the anterior part of chaetiger and green arrow indicating hooded hooks on chaetiger 7, (G) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089088 with magenta arrow-head indicating stained cells forming a thin band across the anterior part of chaetiger, (H) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089085, (J) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089086 with green arrow indicating spines on chaetiger 5, (K) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089084, (L) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089086 with green arrow indicating branchiae beginning at chaetiger 7, (M) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089085 with green arrow indicating spines in curved row on chaetiger 5, (N) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089087 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells forming a bar; scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4748978" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4748978/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">5A, D, E, L, M</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCC3684FF88093D9D95F86DFEDB0CED" blockId="12.[151,1437,823,2038]" lastBlockId="13.[151,1437,151,1869]" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="268" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EA96FF88093C9D95F86DFEF60A91" box="[199,277,1939,1965]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">Dorsal</emphasis>
|
||
: Staining of prostomium varying from few irregular stained cells to stained cells forming two bars (faint or distinct) fading into dispersed stained cells towards anterior (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13482A01FF88093C9ECCF849FC180AED" box="[926,1019,1975,2001]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1731,1755]" captionTargetBox="[183,1405,179,1704]" captionTargetId="figure-32@14.[183,1405,179,1705]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 4. Polydora websteri specimens from South Africa stained with methyl-green. (A) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089084, (B) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089088, (C) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089084, (D) dorsal mid-body of SAMC-A089084, (E) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089088, (F) lateral mid-body of SAMC-A089084, (G) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089084, (H) ventral posterior of SAMC-A089084; scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4748976" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4748976/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">Figs 4A</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13482A01FF88093C9954F849FBAE0AEE" box="[1030,1101,1975,2002]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1572,1596]" captionTargetBox="[289,1299,182,1548]" captionTargetId="figure-20@15.[289,1299,181,1548]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 5. Polydora websteri specimens from South Africa showing variation in methyl-green staining patterns. (A) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089086, (B) palps with magenta arrow indicating a line of blue staining pigment adjacent to the black continuous pigmentation lines indicated with a yellow arrow, (C) unstained palp with yellow arrow head indicating faded portion of the black continuous pigmentation line, (D) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089085 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells on prostomium forming two bars and magenta arrow-head indicating staining on peristomium concentrated along ridge of prostomium, (E) dorsal mid-body of SAMC-A089085, (F) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089088 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells forming a wide band across the anterior part of chaetiger and green arrow indicating hooded hooks on chaetiger 7, (G) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089088 with magenta arrow-head indicating stained cells forming a thin band across the anterior part of chaetiger, (H) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089085, (J) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089086 with green arrow indicating spines on chaetiger 5, (K) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089084, (L) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089086 with green arrow indicating branchiae beginning at chaetiger 7, (M) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089085 with green arrow indicating spines in curved row on chaetiger 5, (N) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089087 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells forming a bar; scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4748978" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4748978/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">5A, D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Staining of caruncle varying from no staining pattern to few stained cells (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13482A01FF88093C9FC1F825FD120AC9" box="[659,753,2011,2037]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1731,1755]" captionTargetBox="[183,1405,179,1704]" captionTargetId="figure-32@14.[183,1405,179,1705]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 4. Polydora websteri specimens from South Africa stained with methyl-green. (A) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089084, (B) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089088, (C) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089084, (D) dorsal mid-body of SAMC-A089084, (E) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089088, (F) lateral mid-body of SAMC-A089084, (G) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089084, (H) ventral posterior of SAMC-A089084; scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4748976" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4748976/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">Figs 4A</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13482A01FF88093C9FAFF825FCA60ACA" box="[765,837,2011,2038]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1572,1596]" captionTargetBox="[289,1299,182,1548]" captionTargetId="figure-20@15.[289,1299,181,1548]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 5. Polydora websteri specimens from South Africa showing variation in methyl-green staining patterns. (A) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089086, (B) palps with magenta arrow indicating a line of blue staining pigment adjacent to the black continuous pigmentation lines indicated with a yellow arrow, (C) unstained palp with yellow arrow head indicating faded portion of the black continuous pigmentation line, (D) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089085 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells on prostomium forming two bars and magenta arrow-head indicating staining on peristomium concentrated along ridge of prostomium, (E) dorsal mid-body of SAMC-A089085, (F) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089088 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells forming a wide band across the anterior part of chaetiger and green arrow indicating hooded hooks on chaetiger 7, (G) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089088 with magenta arrow-head indicating stained cells forming a thin band across the anterior part of chaetiger, (H) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089085, (J) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089086 with green arrow indicating spines on chaetiger 5, (K) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089084, (L) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089086 with green arrow indicating branchiae beginning at chaetiger 7, (M) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089085 with green arrow indicating spines in curved row on chaetiger 5, (N) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089087 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells forming a bar; scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4748978" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4748978/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="267">5A, D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Staining of peristomium varying from few irregular stained cells (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13482A01FF89093D9C63FF69FE6A0D8D" box="[305,393,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1731,1755]" captionTargetBox="[183,1405,179,1704]" captionTargetId="figure-32@14.[183,1405,179,1705]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 4. Polydora websteri specimens from South Africa stained with methyl-green. (A) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089084, (B) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089088, (C) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089084, (D) dorsal mid-body of SAMC-A089084, (E) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089088, (F) lateral mid-body of SAMC-A089084, (G) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089084, (H) ventral posterior of SAMC-A089084; scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4748976" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4748976/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="268">Fig. 4A</figureCitation>
|
||
) to clearly dispersed stained cells that may be concentrated along ridge of prostomium (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13482A01FF89093D9838FF69FF3C0DE9" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1572,1596]" captionTargetBox="[289,1299,182,1548]" captionTargetId="figure-20@15.[289,1299,181,1548]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 5. Polydora websteri specimens from South Africa showing variation in methyl-green staining patterns. (A) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089086, (B) palps with magenta arrow indicating a line of blue staining pigment adjacent to the black continuous pigmentation lines indicated with a yellow arrow, (C) unstained palp with yellow arrow head indicating faded portion of the black continuous pigmentation line, (D) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089085 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells on prostomium forming two bars and magenta arrow-head indicating staining on peristomium concentrated along ridge of prostomium, (E) dorsal mid-body of SAMC-A089085, (F) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089088 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells forming a wide band across the anterior part of chaetiger and green arrow indicating hooded hooks on chaetiger 7, (G) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089088 with magenta arrow-head indicating stained cells forming a thin band across the anterior part of chaetiger, (H) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089085, (J) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089086 with green arrow indicating spines on chaetiger 5, (K) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089084, (L) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089086 with green arrow indicating branchiae beginning at chaetiger 7, (M) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089085 with green arrow indicating spines in curved row on chaetiger 5, (N) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089087 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells forming a bar; scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4748978" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4748978/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="268">Figs 5A, D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Chaetiger 1 to 4 varying from no stain (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13482A01FF89093D9FFCFF45FCE60DE9" box="[686,773,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1731,1755]" captionTargetBox="[183,1405,179,1704]" captionTargetId="figure-32@14.[183,1405,179,1705]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 4. Polydora websteri specimens from South Africa stained with methyl-green. (A) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089084, (B) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089088, (C) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089084, (D) dorsal mid-body of SAMC-A089084, (E) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089088, (F) lateral mid-body of SAMC-A089084, (G) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089084, (H) ventral posterior of SAMC-A089084; scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4748976" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4748976/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="268">Fig. 4A</figureCitation>
|
||
) to irregularly stained cells (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13482A01FF89093D9915FF45FB7D0DE9" box="[1095,1182,186,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1572,1596]" captionTargetBox="[289,1299,182,1548]" captionTargetId="figure-20@15.[289,1299,181,1548]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 5. Polydora websteri specimens from South Africa showing variation in methyl-green staining patterns. (A) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089086, (B) palps with magenta arrow indicating a line of blue staining pigment adjacent to the black continuous pigmentation lines indicated with a yellow arrow, (C) unstained palp with yellow arrow head indicating faded portion of the black continuous pigmentation line, (D) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089085 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells on prostomium forming two bars and magenta arrow-head indicating staining on peristomium concentrated along ridge of prostomium, (E) dorsal mid-body of SAMC-A089085, (F) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089088 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells forming a wide band across the anterior part of chaetiger and green arrow indicating hooded hooks on chaetiger 7, (G) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089088 with magenta arrow-head indicating stained cells forming a thin band across the anterior part of chaetiger, (H) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089085, (J) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089086 with green arrow indicating spines on chaetiger 5, (K) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089084, (L) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089086 with green arrow indicating branchiae beginning at chaetiger 7, (M) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089085 with green arrow indicating spines in curved row on chaetiger 5, (N) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089087 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells forming a bar; scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4748978" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4748978/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="268">Fig. 5D</figureCitation>
|
||
) or patches of stain on both sides of caruncle (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13482A01FF89093D9CF0FF21FE1E0DC5" box="[418,509,222,249]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1572,1596]" captionTargetBox="[289,1299,182,1548]" captionTargetId="figure-20@15.[289,1299,181,1548]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 5. Polydora websteri specimens from South Africa showing variation in methyl-green staining patterns. (A) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089086, (B) palps with magenta arrow indicating a line of blue staining pigment adjacent to the black continuous pigmentation lines indicated with a yellow arrow, (C) unstained palp with yellow arrow head indicating faded portion of the black continuous pigmentation line, (D) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089085 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells on prostomium forming two bars and magenta arrow-head indicating staining on peristomium concentrated along ridge of prostomium, (E) dorsal mid-body of SAMC-A089085, (F) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089088 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells forming a wide band across the anterior part of chaetiger and green arrow indicating hooded hooks on chaetiger 7, (G) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089088 with magenta arrow-head indicating stained cells forming a thin band across the anterior part of chaetiger, (H) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089085, (J) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089086 with green arrow indicating spines on chaetiger 5, (K) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089084, (L) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089086 with green arrow indicating branchiae beginning at chaetiger 7, (M) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089085 with green arrow indicating spines in curved row on chaetiger 5, (N) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089087 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells forming a bar; scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4748978" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4748978/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="268">Fig. 5A</figureCitation>
|
||
), fading toward latero-ventral (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13482A01FF89093D9E30FF21FBC30DC5" box="[866,1056,222,249]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1572,1596]" captionTargetBox="[289,1299,182,1548]" captionTargetId="figure-20@15.[289,1299,181,1548]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 5. Polydora websteri specimens from South Africa showing variation in methyl-green staining patterns. (A) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089086, (B) palps with magenta arrow indicating a line of blue staining pigment adjacent to the black continuous pigmentation lines indicated with a yellow arrow, (C) unstained palp with yellow arrow head indicating faded portion of the black continuous pigmentation line, (D) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089085 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells on prostomium forming two bars and magenta arrow-head indicating staining on peristomium concentrated along ridge of prostomium, (E) dorsal mid-body of SAMC-A089085, (F) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089088 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells forming a wide band across the anterior part of chaetiger and green arrow indicating hooded hooks on chaetiger 7, (G) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089088 with magenta arrow-head indicating stained cells forming a thin band across the anterior part of chaetiger, (H) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089085, (J) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089086 with green arrow indicating spines on chaetiger 5, (K) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089084, (L) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089086 with green arrow indicating branchiae beginning at chaetiger 7, (M) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089085 with green arrow indicating spines in curved row on chaetiger 5, (N) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089087 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells forming a bar; scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4748978" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4748978/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="268">Figs 5F, J, L, M</figureCitation>
|
||
). Chaetiger 5 with fewest stained cells of anterior chaetigers, varying from no (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13482A01FF89093D9FDFFEFDFD090C21" box="[653,746,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1731,1755]" captionTargetBox="[183,1405,179,1704]" captionTargetId="figure-32@14.[183,1405,179,1705]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 4. Polydora websteri specimens from South Africa stained with methyl-green. (A) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089084, (B) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089088, (C) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089084, (D) dorsal mid-body of SAMC-A089084, (E) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089088, (F) lateral mid-body of SAMC-A089084, (G) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089084, (H) ventral posterior of SAMC-A089084; scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4748976" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4748976/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="268">Figs 4A</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13482A01FF89093D9FA6FEFCFCFB0C21" box="[756,792,258,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1572,1596]" captionTargetBox="[289,1299,182,1548]" captionTargetId="figure-20@15.[289,1299,181,1548]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 5. Polydora websteri specimens from South Africa showing variation in methyl-green staining patterns. (A) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089086, (B) palps with magenta arrow indicating a line of blue staining pigment adjacent to the black continuous pigmentation lines indicated with a yellow arrow, (C) unstained palp with yellow arrow head indicating faded portion of the black continuous pigmentation line, (D) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089085 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells on prostomium forming two bars and magenta arrow-head indicating staining on peristomium concentrated along ridge of prostomium, (E) dorsal mid-body of SAMC-A089085, (F) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089088 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells forming a wide band across the anterior part of chaetiger and green arrow indicating hooded hooks on chaetiger 7, (G) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089088 with magenta arrow-head indicating stained cells forming a thin band across the anterior part of chaetiger, (H) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089085, (J) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089086 with green arrow indicating spines on chaetiger 5, (K) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089084, (L) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089086 with green arrow indicating branchiae beginning at chaetiger 7, (M) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089085 with green arrow indicating spines in curved row on chaetiger 5, (N) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089087 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells forming a bar; scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4748978" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4748978/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="268">5D</figureCitation>
|
||
) to few irregular (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13482A01FF89093D9EB3FEFDFBDB0C21" box="[993,1080,258,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1572,1596]" captionTargetBox="[289,1299,182,1548]" captionTargetId="figure-20@15.[289,1299,181,1548]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 5. Polydora websteri specimens from South Africa showing variation in methyl-green staining patterns. (A) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089086, (B) palps with magenta arrow indicating a line of blue staining pigment adjacent to the black continuous pigmentation lines indicated with a yellow arrow, (C) unstained palp with yellow arrow head indicating faded portion of the black continuous pigmentation line, (D) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089085 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells on prostomium forming two bars and magenta arrow-head indicating staining on peristomium concentrated along ridge of prostomium, (E) dorsal mid-body of SAMC-A089085, (F) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089088 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells forming a wide band across the anterior part of chaetiger and green arrow indicating hooded hooks on chaetiger 7, (G) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089088 with magenta arrow-head indicating stained cells forming a thin band across the anterior part of chaetiger, (H) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089085, (J) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089086 with green arrow indicating spines on chaetiger 5, (K) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089084, (L) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089086 with green arrow indicating branchiae beginning at chaetiger 7, (M) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089085 with green arrow indicating spines in curved row on chaetiger 5, (N) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089087 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells forming a bar; scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4748978" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4748978/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="268">Fig. 5A</figureCitation>
|
||
) stained cells. On chaetiger 6 to 20
|
||
<superScript id="7C069BCCFF89093D9DE1FED8FF230C08" attach="left" box="[179,192,294,308]" fontSize="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="268">th</superScript>
|
||
from the last chaetiger, stain varying from faint (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13482A01FF89093D9FB8FED9FCA10C7D" box="[746,834,295,321]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1731,1755]" captionTargetBox="[183,1405,179,1704]" captionTargetId="figure-32@14.[183,1405,179,1705]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 4. Polydora websteri specimens from South Africa stained with methyl-green. (A) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089084, (B) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089088, (C) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089084, (D) dorsal mid-body of SAMC-A089084, (E) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089088, (F) lateral mid-body of SAMC-A089084, (G) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089084, (H) ventral posterior of SAMC-A089084; scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4748976" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4748976/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="268">Fig. 4D</figureCitation>
|
||
) to distinct (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13482A01FF89093D9E83FED9FBC40C7D" box="[977,1063,294,321]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1572,1596]" captionTargetBox="[289,1299,182,1548]" captionTargetId="figure-20@15.[289,1299,181,1548]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 5. Polydora websteri specimens from South Africa showing variation in methyl-green staining patterns. (A) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089086, (B) palps with magenta arrow indicating a line of blue staining pigment adjacent to the black continuous pigmentation lines indicated with a yellow arrow, (C) unstained palp with yellow arrow head indicating faded portion of the black continuous pigmentation line, (D) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089085 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells on prostomium forming two bars and magenta arrow-head indicating staining on peristomium concentrated along ridge of prostomium, (E) dorsal mid-body of SAMC-A089085, (F) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089088 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells forming a wide band across the anterior part of chaetiger and green arrow indicating hooded hooks on chaetiger 7, (G) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089088 with magenta arrow-head indicating stained cells forming a thin band across the anterior part of chaetiger, (H) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089085, (J) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089086 with green arrow indicating spines on chaetiger 5, (K) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089084, (L) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089086 with green arrow indicating branchiae beginning at chaetiger 7, (M) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089085 with green arrow indicating spines in curved row on chaetiger 5, (N) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089087 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells forming a bar; scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4748978" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4748978/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="268">Fig. 5E</figureCitation>
|
||
), patches of stained cells on both sides of centre intensifying towards posterior; 8
|
||
<superScript id="7C069BCCFF89093D9FE0FEB4FD5C0C64" attach="left" box="[690,703,330,344]" fontSize="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="268">th</superScript>
|
||
to 2
|
||
<superScript id="7C069BCCFF89093D9FA0FEB4FCE10C64" attach="left" box="[754,770,330,344]" fontSize="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="268">nd</superScript>
|
||
from the last chaetiger varying from no staining pattern to stained cells forming faint (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13482A01FF89093D9C9FFE91FDC60CB5" box="[461,549,367,393]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1731,1755]" captionTargetBox="[183,1405,179,1704]" captionTargetId="figure-32@14.[183,1405,179,1705]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 4. Polydora websteri specimens from South Africa stained with methyl-green. (A) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089084, (B) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089088, (C) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089084, (D) dorsal mid-body of SAMC-A089084, (E) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089088, (F) lateral mid-body of SAMC-A089084, (G) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089084, (H) ventral posterior of SAMC-A089084; scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4748976" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4748976/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="268">Fig. 4G</figureCitation>
|
||
) or distinct patches (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13482A01FF89093D9E5DFE91FC6C0CB5" box="[783,911,366,393]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1572,1596]" captionTargetBox="[289,1299,182,1548]" captionTargetId="figure-20@15.[289,1299,181,1548]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 5. Polydora websteri specimens from South Africa showing variation in methyl-green staining patterns. (A) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089086, (B) palps with magenta arrow indicating a line of blue staining pigment adjacent to the black continuous pigmentation lines indicated with a yellow arrow, (C) unstained palp with yellow arrow head indicating faded portion of the black continuous pigmentation line, (D) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089085 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells on prostomium forming two bars and magenta arrow-head indicating staining on peristomium concentrated along ridge of prostomium, (E) dorsal mid-body of SAMC-A089085, (F) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089088 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells forming a wide band across the anterior part of chaetiger and green arrow indicating hooded hooks on chaetiger 7, (G) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089088 with magenta arrow-head indicating stained cells forming a thin band across the anterior part of chaetiger, (H) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089085, (J) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089086 with green arrow indicating spines on chaetiger 5, (K) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089084, (L) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089086 with green arrow indicating branchiae beginning at chaetiger 7, (M) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089085 with green arrow indicating spines in curved row on chaetiger 5, (N) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089087 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells forming a bar; scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4748978" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4748978/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="268">Figs 5H, N</figureCitation>
|
||
) towards posterior on both sides of centre; last chaetiger without staining pattern (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13482A01FF89093D9F76FE6DFD600C91" box="[548,643,403,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1731,1755]" captionTargetBox="[183,1405,179,1704]" captionTargetId="figure-32@14.[183,1405,179,1705]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 4. Polydora websteri specimens from South Africa stained with methyl-green. (A) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089084, (B) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089088, (C) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089084, (D) dorsal mid-body of SAMC-A089084, (E) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089088, (F) lateral mid-body of SAMC-A089084, (G) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089084, (H) ventral posterior of SAMC-A089084; scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4748976" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4748976/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="268">Figs 4G</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13482A01FF89093D9FC2FE6CFD390C91" box="[656,730,402,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1572,1596]" captionTargetBox="[289,1299,182,1548]" captionTargetId="figure-20@15.[289,1299,181,1548]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 5. Polydora websteri specimens from South Africa showing variation in methyl-green staining patterns. (A) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089086, (B) palps with magenta arrow indicating a line of blue staining pigment adjacent to the black continuous pigmentation lines indicated with a yellow arrow, (C) unstained palp with yellow arrow head indicating faded portion of the black continuous pigmentation line, (D) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089085 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells on prostomium forming two bars and magenta arrow-head indicating staining on peristomium concentrated along ridge of prostomium, (E) dorsal mid-body of SAMC-A089085, (F) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089088 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells forming a wide band across the anterior part of chaetiger and green arrow indicating hooded hooks on chaetiger 7, (G) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089088 with magenta arrow-head indicating stained cells forming a thin band across the anterior part of chaetiger, (H) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089085, (J) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089086 with green arrow indicating spines on chaetiger 5, (K) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089084, (L) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089086 with green arrow indicating branchiae beginning at chaetiger 7, (M) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089085 with green arrow indicating spines in curved row on chaetiger 5, (N) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089087 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells forming a bar; scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4748978" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4748978/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="268">5H, N</figureCitation>
|
||
). Except for chaetigers 1 to 4, no lateral staining pattern (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13482A01FF89093D983DFE6DFF350CED" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1731,1755]" captionTargetBox="[183,1405,179,1704]" captionTargetId="figure-32@14.[183,1405,179,1705]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 4. Polydora websteri specimens from South Africa stained with methyl-green. (A) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089084, (B) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089088, (C) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089084, (D) dorsal mid-body of SAMC-A089084, (E) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089088, (F) lateral mid-body of SAMC-A089084, (G) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089084, (H) ventral posterior of SAMC-A089084; scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4748976" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4748976/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="268">Fig. 4C, F</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13482A01FF89093D9DB3FE48FEC80CED" box="[225,299,438,465]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1572,1596]" captionTargetBox="[289,1299,182,1548]" captionTargetId="figure-20@15.[289,1299,181,1548]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 5. Polydora websteri specimens from South Africa showing variation in methyl-green staining patterns. (A) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089086, (B) palps with magenta arrow indicating a line of blue staining pigment adjacent to the black continuous pigmentation lines indicated with a yellow arrow, (C) unstained palp with yellow arrow head indicating faded portion of the black continuous pigmentation line, (D) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089085 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells on prostomium forming two bars and magenta arrow-head indicating staining on peristomium concentrated along ridge of prostomium, (E) dorsal mid-body of SAMC-A089085, (F) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089088 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells forming a wide band across the anterior part of chaetiger and green arrow indicating hooded hooks on chaetiger 7, (G) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089088 with magenta arrow-head indicating stained cells forming a thin band across the anterior part of chaetiger, (H) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089085, (J) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089086 with green arrow indicating spines on chaetiger 5, (K) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089084, (L) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089086 with green arrow indicating branchiae beginning at chaetiger 7, (M) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089085 with green arrow indicating spines in curved row on chaetiger 5, (N) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089087 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells forming a bar; scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4748978" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4748978/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="268">5L, M</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCC3684FF89093D9D95FE25FAF40FB9" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,1869]" pageId="13" pageNumber="268">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EA96FF89093D9D95FE25FEC20CC9" box="[199,289,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="268">Ventral:</emphasis>
|
||
Staining of peristomium and chaetigers 1 to 5 varying from no staining pattern (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13482A01FF89093D99E5FE25FAED0CC9" box="[1207,1294,475,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1731,1755]" captionTargetBox="[183,1405,179,1704]" captionTargetId="figure-32@14.[183,1405,179,1705]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 4. Polydora websteri specimens from South Africa stained with methyl-green. (A) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089084, (B) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089088, (C) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089084, (D) dorsal mid-body of SAMC-A089084, (E) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089088, (F) lateral mid-body of SAMC-A089084, (G) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089084, (H) ventral posterior of SAMC-A089084; scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4748976" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4748976/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="268">Fig. 4B</figureCitation>
|
||
) to irregular stained cells on the side and across the venter on chaetigers 1 and 2, decreasing in density posteriorly (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13482A01FF89093D984CFE01FA6D0F25" box="[1310,1422,510,537]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1572,1596]" captionTargetBox="[289,1299,182,1548]" captionTargetId="figure-20@15.[289,1299,181,1548]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 5. Polydora websteri specimens from South Africa showing variation in methyl-green staining patterns. (A) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089086, (B) palps with magenta arrow indicating a line of blue staining pigment adjacent to the black continuous pigmentation lines indicated with a yellow arrow, (C) unstained palp with yellow arrow head indicating faded portion of the black continuous pigmentation line, (D) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089085 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells on prostomium forming two bars and magenta arrow-head indicating staining on peristomium concentrated along ridge of prostomium, (E) dorsal mid-body of SAMC-A089085, (F) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089088 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells forming a wide band across the anterior part of chaetiger and green arrow indicating hooded hooks on chaetiger 7, (G) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089088 with magenta arrow-head indicating stained cells forming a thin band across the anterior part of chaetiger, (H) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089085, (J) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089086 with green arrow indicating spines on chaetiger 5, (K) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089084, (L) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089086 with green arrow indicating branchiae beginning at chaetiger 7, (M) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089085 with green arrow indicating spines in curved row on chaetiger 5, (N) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089087 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells forming a bar; scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4748978" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4748978/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="268">Figs 5F, J</figureCitation>
|
||
). Chaetigers 6 to 14 with stained cells forming wide bands across the anterior part of chaetiger (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13482A01FF89093D999EFDDDFAAA0F01" box="[1228,1353,547,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1731,1755]" captionTargetBox="[183,1405,179,1704]" captionTargetId="figure-32@14.[183,1405,179,1705]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 4. Polydora websteri specimens from South Africa stained with methyl-green. (A) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089084, (B) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089088, (C) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089084, (D) dorsal mid-body of SAMC-A089084, (E) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089088, (F) lateral mid-body of SAMC-A089084, (G) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089084, (H) ventral posterior of SAMC-A089084; scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4748976" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4748976/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="268">Figs 4B, E</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13482A01FF89093D9804FDDCFF470F5D" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1572,1596]" captionTargetBox="[289,1299,182,1548]" captionTargetId="figure-20@15.[289,1299,181,1548]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 5. Polydora websteri specimens from South Africa showing variation in methyl-green staining patterns. (A) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089086, (B) palps with magenta arrow indicating a line of blue staining pigment adjacent to the black continuous pigmentation lines indicated with a yellow arrow, (C) unstained palp with yellow arrow head indicating faded portion of the black continuous pigmentation line, (D) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089085 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells on prostomium forming two bars and magenta arrow-head indicating staining on peristomium concentrated along ridge of prostomium, (E) dorsal mid-body of SAMC-A089085, (F) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089088 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells forming a wide band across the anterior part of chaetiger and green arrow indicating hooded hooks on chaetiger 7, (G) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089088 with magenta arrow-head indicating stained cells forming a thin band across the anterior part of chaetiger, (H) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089085, (J) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089086 with green arrow indicating spines on chaetiger 5, (K) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089084, (L) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089086 with green arrow indicating branchiae beginning at chaetiger 7, (M) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089085 with green arrow indicating spines in curved row on chaetiger 5, (N) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089087 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells forming a bar; scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4748978" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4748978/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="268">5F, G, J</figureCitation>
|
||
). Chaetigers 15 to 18 stained cells may form a wide (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13482A01FF89093D9E50FDB9FCB50F5D" box="[770,854,582,609]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1572,1596]" captionTargetBox="[289,1299,182,1548]" captionTargetId="figure-20@15.[289,1299,181,1548]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 5. Polydora websteri specimens from South Africa showing variation in methyl-green staining patterns. (A) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089086, (B) palps with magenta arrow indicating a line of blue staining pigment adjacent to the black continuous pigmentation lines indicated with a yellow arrow, (C) unstained palp with yellow arrow head indicating faded portion of the black continuous pigmentation line, (D) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089085 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells on prostomium forming two bars and magenta arrow-head indicating staining on peristomium concentrated along ridge of prostomium, (E) dorsal mid-body of SAMC-A089085, (F) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089088 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells forming a wide band across the anterior part of chaetiger and green arrow indicating hooded hooks on chaetiger 7, (G) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089088 with magenta arrow-head indicating stained cells forming a thin band across the anterior part of chaetiger, (H) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089085, (J) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089086 with green arrow indicating spines on chaetiger 5, (K) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089084, (L) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089086 with green arrow indicating branchiae beginning at chaetiger 7, (M) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089085 with green arrow indicating spines in curved row on chaetiger 5, (N) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089087 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells forming a bar; scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4748978" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4748978/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="268">Fig. 5F</figureCitation>
|
||
) to a thin (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13482A01FF89093D9E86FDB9FBCF0F5D" box="[980,1068,582,609]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1572,1596]" captionTargetBox="[289,1299,182,1548]" captionTargetId="figure-20@15.[289,1299,181,1548]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 5. Polydora websteri specimens from South Africa showing variation in methyl-green staining patterns. (A) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089086, (B) palps with magenta arrow indicating a line of blue staining pigment adjacent to the black continuous pigmentation lines indicated with a yellow arrow, (C) unstained palp with yellow arrow head indicating faded portion of the black continuous pigmentation line, (D) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089085 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells on prostomium forming two bars and magenta arrow-head indicating staining on peristomium concentrated along ridge of prostomium, (E) dorsal mid-body of SAMC-A089085, (F) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089088 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells forming a wide band across the anterior part of chaetiger and green arrow indicating hooded hooks on chaetiger 7, (G) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089088 with magenta arrow-head indicating stained cells forming a thin band across the anterior part of chaetiger, (H) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089085, (J) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089086 with green arrow indicating spines on chaetiger 5, (K) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089084, (L) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089086 with green arrow indicating branchiae beginning at chaetiger 7, (M) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089085 with green arrow indicating spines in curved row on chaetiger 5, (N) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089087 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells forming a bar; scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4748978" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4748978/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="268">Fig. 5G</figureCitation>
|
||
) band across the anterior part of chaetiger or be absent (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13482A01FF89093D9CC9FD95FE150FB9" box="[411,502,618,645]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1572,1596]" captionTargetBox="[289,1299,182,1548]" captionTargetId="figure-20@15.[289,1299,181,1548]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 5. Polydora websteri specimens from South Africa showing variation in methyl-green staining patterns. (A) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089086, (B) palps with magenta arrow indicating a line of blue staining pigment adjacent to the black continuous pigmentation lines indicated with a yellow arrow, (C) unstained palp with yellow arrow head indicating faded portion of the black continuous pigmentation line, (D) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089085 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells on prostomium forming two bars and magenta arrow-head indicating staining on peristomium concentrated along ridge of prostomium, (E) dorsal mid-body of SAMC-A089085, (F) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089088 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells forming a wide band across the anterior part of chaetiger and green arrow indicating hooded hooks on chaetiger 7, (G) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089088 with magenta arrow-head indicating stained cells forming a thin band across the anterior part of chaetiger, (H) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089085, (J) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089086 with green arrow indicating spines on chaetiger 5, (K) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089084, (L) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089086 with green arrow indicating branchiae beginning at chaetiger 7, (M) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089085 with green arrow indicating spines in curved row on chaetiger 5, (N) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089087 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells forming a bar; scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4748978" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4748978/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="268">Fig. 5K</figureCitation>
|
||
); from Chaetiger 19 to last chaetiger without staining pattern (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13482A01FF89093D99E2FD95FAE80FB9" box="[1200,1291,619,645]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1731,1755]" captionTargetBox="[183,1405,179,1704]" captionTargetId="figure-32@14.[183,1405,179,1705]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 4. Polydora websteri specimens from South Africa stained with methyl-green. (A) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089084, (B) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089088, (C) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089084, (D) dorsal mid-body of SAMC-A089084, (E) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089088, (F) lateral mid-body of SAMC-A089084, (G) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089084, (H) ventral posterior of SAMC-A089084; scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4748976" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4748976/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="268">Fig. 4H</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCC3684FF89093D9D95FD71FD670FF1" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,1869]" pageId="13" pageNumber="268">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EA96FF89093D9D95FD71FED90F94" box="[199,314,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="268">Posterior:</emphasis>
|
||
Pygidium with distinct stained cells covering entire surface, except along edge around anus and outermost edge of disc (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13482A01FF89093D9CF6FD4DFDC70FF1" box="[420,548,691,717]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1731,1755]" captionTargetBox="[183,1405,179,1704]" captionTargetId="figure-32@14.[183,1405,179,1705]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 4. Polydora websteri specimens from South Africa stained with methyl-green. (A) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089084, (B) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089088, (C) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089084, (D) dorsal mid-body of SAMC-A089084, (E) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089088, (F) lateral mid-body of SAMC-A089084, (G) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089084, (H) ventral posterior of SAMC-A089084; scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4748976" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4748976/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="268">Figs 4G, H</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13482A01FF89093D9F7DFD4CFD9B0FF1" box="[559,632,690,717]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1572,1596]" captionTargetBox="[289,1299,182,1548]" captionTargetId="figure-20@15.[289,1299,181,1548]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 5. Polydora websteri specimens from South Africa showing variation in methyl-green staining patterns. (A) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089086, (B) palps with magenta arrow indicating a line of blue staining pigment adjacent to the black continuous pigmentation lines indicated with a yellow arrow, (C) unstained palp with yellow arrow head indicating faded portion of the black continuous pigmentation line, (D) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089085 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells on prostomium forming two bars and magenta arrow-head indicating staining on peristomium concentrated along ridge of prostomium, (E) dorsal mid-body of SAMC-A089085, (F) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089088 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells forming a wide band across the anterior part of chaetiger and green arrow indicating hooded hooks on chaetiger 7, (G) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089088 with magenta arrow-head indicating stained cells forming a thin band across the anterior part of chaetiger, (H) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089085, (J) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089086 with green arrow indicating spines on chaetiger 5, (K) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089084, (L) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089086 with green arrow indicating branchiae beginning at chaetiger 7, (M) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089085 with green arrow indicating spines in curved row on chaetiger 5, (N) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089087 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells forming a bar; scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4748978" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4748978/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="268">5H, N</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C369650FFF89093D9D95FD29FBFA0B35" pageId="13" pageNumber="268" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCC3684FF89093D9D95FD29FBA50E99" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,1869]" pageId="13" pageNumber="268">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EA96FF89093D9D95FD29FED80FCD" bold="true" box="[199,315,727,753]" pageId="13" pageNumber="268">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
Specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D07FF89093D9CB2FD29FDB90FCD" authorityName=": Williams" authorityYear="2015" box="[480,602,727,753]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Polydora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="13" pageNumber="268" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="websteri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EA96FF89093D9CB2FD29FDB90FCD" box="[480,602,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="268">P. websteri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3647614FF89093D9FCFFD29FCCF0FCD" box="[669,812,727,753]" name="South Africa" pageId="13" pageNumber="268">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
conform to the morphology of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C88826FF89093D99E1FD29FAF90FCD" box="[1203,1306,727,753]" pageId="13" pageNumber="268" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF89093D987AFD29FEDE0E29" author="Loosanoff, V. L. & Engle, J. B." pageId="13" pageNumber="268" pagination="69 - 78" refId="ref14916" refString="Loosanoff, V. L. & Engle, J. B. (1943) Polydora in oysters suspended in the water. Biological Bulletin, 85, 69 - 78. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 1538270" type="journal article" year="1943">Loosanoff & Engle 1943</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF89093D9C1EFD05FDC10E29" author="Radashevsky, V. I." box="[332,546,763,789]" pageId="13" pageNumber="268" pagination="107 - 113" refId="ref15791" refString="Radashevsky, V. I. (1999) Description of the proposed lectotype for Polydora websteri Hartman in Loosanoff & Engle, 1943 (Polychaeta: Spionidae). Ophelia 2, 107 - 113. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00785326.1999.10409402" type="journal article" year="1999">Radashevsky 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13482A01FF89093D9F6FFD05FD600E29" box="[573,643,763,789]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1874,1898]" captionTargetBox="[203,1383,181,1851]" captionTargetId="figure-32@18.[203,1383,181,1851]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 7. Lectotype specimen of Polydora websteri (LACM-AHF POLY 1628) from oyster shells and deposited in the Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History (Radashevsky, 1999), stained with methyl-green. (A) dorsal anterior, scale bar: 1 mm, (B) dorsal anterior, scale bar: 0.25 mm, (C) ventral anterior, scale bar: 1 mm, (D) dorsal mid-body, scale bar: 1 mm, (E) latero-posterior; scale bar: 0.25mm (F) posterior; scale bar: 1 mm. Photographed by Adam Wall (Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History, August 2019)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4748982" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4748982/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="268">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
) and descriptions of conspecifics found globally (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF89093D9995FD05FAAC0E29" author="Blake, J. A." box="[1223,1359,763,789]" pageId="13" pageNumber="268" pagination="813 - 820" refId="ref13114" refString="Blake, J. A. (1969) Systematics and ecology of shell-boring polychaetes from New England. American Zoologist, 9, 813 - 820. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / icb / 9.3.813" type="journal article" year="1969">Blake 1969</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF89093D980EFD05FA740E29" author="Blake, J. A." box="[1372,1431,763,789]" pageId="13" pageNumber="268" pagination="1 - 32" refId="ref13154" refString="Blake, J. A. (1971) Revision of the genus Polydora from the east coast of North America (Polychaeta: Spionidae). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 1971, 1 - 32. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00810282.75" type="journal article" year="1971">1971</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF89093D9DC5FCE1FEC20E05" author="Foster, N. M." box="[151,289,799,825]" pageId="13" pageNumber="268" pagination="1 - 183" refId="ref14295" refString="Foster, N. M. (1971) Spionidae (Polychaeta) of the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea. Studies on the Fauna of Curacao and other Caribbean Islands 129, 1 - 183." type="journal article" year="1971">Foster 1971</bibRefCitation>
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||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF89093D9C7CFCE1FDA20E05" author="Blake, J. A. & Kudenov, J. D." box="[302,577,799,825]" pageId="13" pageNumber="268" pagination="171 - 280" refId="ref13289" refString="Blake, J. A. & Kudenov, J. D. (1978) The Spionidae (Polychaeta) from southeastern Australia and adjacent areas with a revision of the genera. Memoirs of the National Museum of Victoria, 39, 171 - 280. https: // doi. org / 10.24199 / j. mmv. 1978.39.11" type="journal article" year="1978">Blake & Kudenov 1978</bibRefCitation>
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||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF89093D9F1DFCE1FC660E05" author="Handley, S. J. & Bergquist, P. R." box="[591,901,799,825]" pageId="13" pageNumber="268" pagination="191 - 205" refId="ref14389" refString="Handley, S. J. & Bergquist, P. R. (1997) Spionid polychaete infestations of intertidal Pacific oysters Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg), Mahurangi Harbour, northern New Zealand. Aquaculture, 153, 191 - 205. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / S 0044 - 8486 (97) 00032 - X" type="journal article" year="1997">Handley & Bergquist 1997</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF89093D9EC0FCE1FB810E05" author="Sato-Okoshi, W." box="[914,1122,799,825]" pageId="13" pageNumber="268" pagination="831 - 848" refId="ref16671" refString="Sato-Okoshi, W. (1999) Polydorid species (Polychaeta: Spionidae) in Japan, with descriptions of morphology, ecology and burrow structure. 1. Boring species. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 79, 831 - 848. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0025315498001003" type="journal article" year="1999">Sato-Okoshi 1999</bibRefCitation>
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;
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF89093D9922FCE1FAEF0E05" author="Surugiu, V." box="[1136,1292,798,825]" pageId="13" pageNumber="268" pagination="51 - 73" refId="ref17687" refString="Surugiu, V. (2005) Inventory of inshore polychaetes from the Romanian coast (Black Sea). Mediterranean Marine Science, 6, 51 - 73. https: // doi. org / 10.12681 / mms. 193" type="journal article" year="2005">Surugiu 2005</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF89093D984BFCE1FAB60E05" author="Surugiu, V." box="[1305,1365,799,825]" pageId="13" pageNumber="268" pagination="45 - 65" refId="ref17729" refString="Surugiu, V. (2012) Systematics and ecology of species of the Polydora - complex (Polychaeta: Spionidae) of the Black Sea. Zootaxa, 3518, 45 - 65. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3518.1.3" type="journal article" year="2012">2012</bibRefCitation>
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; Sato- Okoshi
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<emphasis id="B907EA96FF89093D9DBDFCBDFECB0E61" box="[239,296,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="268">et al.</emphasis>
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2008;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF89093D9C24FCBDFDC50E61" author="Bonifacio, P. H. O." box="[374,550,835,861]" pageId="13" pageNumber="268" refId="ref13351" refString="Bonifacio, P. H. O. (2009) Polidorideos (Polychaeta: Spionidae) em Crassostrea rhizophorae (Mollusca: Bivalvia) de cinco rios da costa pernambucana. Master's thesis, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife. Available from: https: // bdtd. ibict. br / vufind / Record / UFPE _ 1 a 08 dbdaf 2 fc 7 f 69 f 6022 e 89 e 0062 fad (accessed 12 April 2021)" type="url" year="2009">Bonifácio 2009</bibRefCitation>
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;
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF89093D9F61FCBDFD4C0E61" author="Read, G. B." box="[563,687,835,861]" pageId="13" pageNumber="268" pagination="83 - 100" refId="ref16166" refString="Read, G. B. (2010) Comparison and history of Polydora websteri and P. haswelli (Polychaeta: Spionidae) as mud-blister worms in New Zealand shellfish. New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research, 44, 83 - 100. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00288330.2010.482969" type="journal article" year="2010">Read 2010</bibRefCitation>
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;
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF89093D9FE8FCBDFC390E61" author="Sato-Okoshi, W. & Abe, H." box="[698,986,835,861]" pageId="13" pageNumber="268" pagination="1279 - 1286" refId="ref16790" refString="Sato-Okoshi, W. & Abe, H. (2013) Morphology and molecular analysis of the 18 S rRNA gene of oyster shell borers, Polydora species (Polychaeta: Spionidae), from Japan and Australia. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 93, 1279 - 1286. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 002531541200152 X" type="journal article" year="2013">Sato-Okoshi & Abe 2013</bibRefCitation>
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;
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF89093D9EB4FCBDFB510E61" author="Barros, T. L. & Gomes Santos, C. S. & De Assis, J. E. & de Souza, J. R. B." box="[998,1202,835,861]" pageId="13" pageNumber="268" pagination="1169 - 1181" refId="ref12871" refString="Barros, T. L., Gomes Santos, C. S., De Assis, J. E. & de Souza, J. R. B. (2017) Morphology and larval development of Polydora cf. websteri (Polychaeta: Spionidae) in a tropical region of north-eastern Brazil. Journal of Natural History, 51, 1169 - 1181. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222933.2017.1316426" type="journal article" year="2017">
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||
Barros
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EA96FF89093D996AFCBDFB930E61" box="[1080,1136,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="268">et al.</emphasis>
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2017
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</bibRefCitation>
|
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;
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF89093D99EFFCBDFABE0E61" author="Ye, L. T. & Cao, C. & Tang, B. & Yao, T. & Wang, R." box="[1213,1373,835,861]" pageId="13" pageNumber="268" pagination="699 - 710" refId="ref18329" refString="Ye, L. T., Cao, C., Tang, B., Yao, T. & Wang, R. (2017) Morphological and molecular characterization of Polydora websteri (Annelida: Spionidae), and larvae using mitochondrial COI gene as a molecular marker. Pakistan Journal of Zoology, 49, 699 - 710. https: // doi. org / 10.17582 / journal. pjz / 2017.49.2.699.710" type="journal article" year="2017">
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Ye
|
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<emphasis id="B907EA96FF89093D99B0FCBDFAF80E61" box="[1250,1307,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="268">et al.</emphasis>
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2017
|
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</bibRefCitation>
|
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;
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF89093D983BFCBDFEF10EBD" author="Rice, L. N. & Lindsay, S. & Rawson, P." pageId="13" pageNumber="268" pagination="437 - 446" refId="ref16223" refString="Rice, L. N., Lindsay, S. & Rawson, P. (2018) Genetic homogeneity among geographically distant populations of the blister worm Polydora websteri. Aquaculture Environment Interactions, 10, 437 - 446. https: // doi. org / 10.3354 / AEI 00281" type="journal article" year="2018">
|
||
Rice
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EA96FF89093D9DC5FC99FF2C0EBD" box="[151,207,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="268">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2018
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Some variation present for the branchiae, pigmentation patterns and spines on chaetiger 5, is within the ranges reported for the species or may be the result of wear and tear or preservation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCC3684FF89093D9D95FC51FDF8080D" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,1869]" pageId="13" pageNumber="268">
|
||
Branchiae for South African specimens occurred on approximately 50 % of chaetigers, slightly less than the 60 – 80 % of the body length described elsewhere (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF89093D9FEFFC2DFC3E0ED1" author="Loosanoff, V. L. & Engle, J. B." box="[701,989,979,1005]" pageId="13" pageNumber="268" pagination="69 - 78" refId="ref14916" refString="Loosanoff, V. L. & Engle, J. B. (1943) Polydora in oysters suspended in the water. Biological Bulletin, 85, 69 - 78. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 1538270" type="journal article" year="1943">Loosanoff & Engle 1943</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF89093D9EB8FC2DFB180ED1" author="Blake, J. A. & Kudenov, J. D." box="[1002,1275,979,1005]" pageId="13" pageNumber="268" pagination="171 - 280" refId="ref13289" refString="Blake, J. A. & Kudenov, J. D. (1978) The Spionidae (Polychaeta) from southeastern Australia and adjacent areas with a revision of the genera. Memoirs of the National Museum of Victoria, 39, 171 - 280. https: // doi. org / 10.24199 / j. mmv. 1978.39.11" type="journal article" year="1978">Blake & Kudenov 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF89093D985BFC2DFF31092D" author="Radashevsky, V. I." pageId="13" pageNumber="268" pagination="107 - 113" refId="ref15791" refString="Radashevsky, V. I. (1999) Description of the proposed lectotype for Polydora websteri Hartman in Loosanoff & Engle, 1943 (Polychaeta: Spionidae). Ophelia 2, 107 - 113. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00785326.1999.10409402" type="journal article" year="1999">Radashevsky 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF89093D9D8FFC09FE94092D" author="Surugiu, V." box="[221,375,1014,1041]" pageId="13" pageNumber="268" pagination="51 - 73" refId="ref17687" refString="Surugiu, V. (2005) Inventory of inshore polychaetes from the Romanian coast (Black Sea). Mediterranean Marine Science, 6, 51 - 73. https: // doi. org / 10.12681 / mms. 193" type="journal article" year="2005">Surugiu 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF89093D9CD0FC09FE5D092D" author="Surugiu, V." box="[386,446,1015,1041]" pageId="13" pageNumber="268" pagination="45 - 65" refId="ref17729" refString="Surugiu, V. (2012) Systematics and ecology of species of the Polydora - complex (Polychaeta: Spionidae) of the Black Sea. Zootaxa, 3518, 45 - 65. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3518.1.3" type="journal article" year="2012">2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF89093D9C9AFC09FD06092D" author="Sato-Okoshi, W. & Abe, H." box="[456,741,1015,1041]" pageId="13" pageNumber="268" pagination="1279 - 1286" refId="ref16790" refString="Sato-Okoshi, W. & Abe, H. (2013) Morphology and molecular analysis of the 18 S rRNA gene of oyster shell borers, Polydora species (Polychaeta: Spionidae), from Japan and Australia. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 93, 1279 - 1286. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 002531541200152 X" type="journal article" year="2013">Sato-Okoshi & Abe 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF89093D9FBDFC09FC6D092D" author="Ye, L. T. & Cao, C. & Tang, B. & Yao, T. & Wang, R." box="[751,910,1015,1041]" pageId="13" pageNumber="268" pagination="699 - 710" refId="ref18329" refString="Ye, L. T., Cao, C., Tang, B., Yao, T. & Wang, R. (2017) Morphological and molecular characterization of Polydora websteri (Annelida: Spionidae), and larvae using mitochondrial COI gene as a molecular marker. Pakistan Journal of Zoology, 49, 699 - 710. https: // doi. org / 10.17582 / journal. pjz / 2017.49.2.699.710" type="journal article" year="2017">
|
||
Ye
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EA96FF89093D9E41FC09FCA0092D" box="[787,835,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="268">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2017
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Continuous black pigmentation lines adjacent to the food groove on the palps were observed for most South African specimens (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13482A01FF89093D9971FBE5FB7A0909" box="[1059,1177,1050,1077]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1572,1596]" captionTargetBox="[289,1299,182,1548]" captionTargetId="figure-20@15.[289,1299,181,1548]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 5. Polydora websteri specimens from South Africa showing variation in methyl-green staining patterns. (A) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089086, (B) palps with magenta arrow indicating a line of blue staining pigment adjacent to the black continuous pigmentation lines indicated with a yellow arrow, (C) unstained palp with yellow arrow head indicating faded portion of the black continuous pigmentation line, (D) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089085 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells on prostomium forming two bars and magenta arrow-head indicating staining on peristomium concentrated along ridge of prostomium, (E) dorsal mid-body of SAMC-A089085, (F) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089088 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells forming a wide band across the anterior part of chaetiger and green arrow indicating hooded hooks on chaetiger 7, (G) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089088 with magenta arrow-head indicating stained cells forming a thin band across the anterior part of chaetiger, (H) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089085, (J) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089086 with green arrow indicating spines on chaetiger 5, (K) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089084, (L) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089086 with green arrow indicating branchiae beginning at chaetiger 7, (M) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089085 with green arrow indicating spines in curved row on chaetiger 5, (N) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089087 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells forming a bar; scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4748978" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4748978/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="268">Fig. 5B, C</figureCitation>
|
||
), but absent from some
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C88826FF89093D9DC5FBC1FF140965" box="[151,247,1087,1113]" pageId="13" pageNumber="268" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
material (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF89093D9C38FBC1FDA00965" author="Radashevsky, V. I." box="[362,579,1087,1113]" pageId="13" pageNumber="268" pagination="107 - 113" refId="ref15791" refString="Radashevsky, V. I. (1999) Description of the proposed lectotype for Polydora websteri Hartman in Loosanoff & Engle, 1943 (Polychaeta: Spionidae). Ophelia 2, 107 - 113. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00785326.1999.10409402" type="journal article" year="1999">Radashevsky 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), probably as a consequence of fading in preserved specimens (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF89093D9843FBC1FA720965" author="Read, G. B." box="[1297,1425,1087,1113]" pageId="13" pageNumber="268" pagination="83 - 100" refId="ref16166" refString="Read, G. B. (2010) Comparison and history of Polydora websteri and P. haswelli (Polychaeta: Spionidae) as mud-blister worms in New Zealand shellfish. New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research, 44, 83 - 100. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00288330.2010.482969" type="journal article" year="2010">Read 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Similar pigmentation fading can also be seen on the palps for some preserved specimens from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3647614FF89093D999DFB9DFABC0941" box="[1231,1375,1123,1149]" name="South Africa" pageId="13" pageNumber="268">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13482A01FF89093D983DFB9DFF5A099D" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1572,1596]" captionTargetBox="[289,1299,182,1548]" captionTargetId="figure-20@15.[289,1299,181,1548]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 5. Polydora websteri specimens from South Africa showing variation in methyl-green staining patterns. (A) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089086, (B) palps with magenta arrow indicating a line of blue staining pigment adjacent to the black continuous pigmentation lines indicated with a yellow arrow, (C) unstained palp with yellow arrow head indicating faded portion of the black continuous pigmentation line, (D) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089085 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells on prostomium forming two bars and magenta arrow-head indicating staining on peristomium concentrated along ridge of prostomium, (E) dorsal mid-body of SAMC-A089085, (F) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089088 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells forming a wide band across the anterior part of chaetiger and green arrow indicating hooded hooks on chaetiger 7, (G) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089088 with magenta arrow-head indicating stained cells forming a thin band across the anterior part of chaetiger, (H) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089085, (J) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089086 with green arrow indicating spines on chaetiger 5, (K) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089084, (L) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089086 with green arrow indicating branchiae beginning at chaetiger 7, (M) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089085 with green arrow indicating spines in curved row on chaetiger 5, (N) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089087 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells forming a bar; scale bars: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4748978" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4748978/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="268">Fig. 5C</figureCitation>
|
||
) and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3647614FF89093D9DAEFB79FED1099D" box="[252,306,1159,1185]" name="United States of America" pageId="13" pageNumber="268">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF89093D9C11FB79FDE3099D" author="Rice, L. N. & Lindsay, S. & Rawson, P." box="[323,512,1159,1185]" pageId="13" pageNumber="268" pagination="437 - 446" refId="ref16223" refString="Rice, L. N., Lindsay, S. & Rawson, P. (2018) Genetic homogeneity among geographically distant populations of the blister worm Polydora websteri. Aquaculture Environment Interactions, 10, 437 - 446. https: // doi. org / 10.3354 / AEI 00281" type="journal article" year="2018">
|
||
Rice
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EA96FF89093D9CD3FB79FE58099D" box="[385,443,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="268">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2018
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), where sections of the black line are lighter, making them seem non-continuous if not carefully examined (see also
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF89093D9F64FB55FCEA09F9" author="Waser, A. M. & Lackschewitz, D. & Knol, J. & Reise, K. & Wegner, K. M. & Thieltges, D. W." box="[566,777,1195,1221]" pageId="13" pageNumber="268" pagination="63" refId="ref17929" refString="Waser, A. M., Lackschewitz, D., Knol, J., Reise, K., Wegner, K. M. & Thieltges, D. W. (2020) Spread of the invasive shell-boring annelid Polydora websteri (Polychaeta, Spionidae) into naturalised oyster reefs in the European Wadden Sea. Marine Biodiversity, 50, 63. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 12526 - 020 - 01092 - 6" type="journal article" year="2020">
|
||
Waser
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EA96FF89093D9FD4FB55FD5809F9" box="[646,699,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="268">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2020
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF89093D9E4DFB55FBBA09F9" author="Sato-Okoshi, W. & Abe, H." box="[799,1113,1195,1221]" pageId="13" pageNumber="268" pagination="1279 - 1286" refId="ref16790" refString="Sato-Okoshi, W. & Abe, H. (2013) Morphology and molecular analysis of the 18 S rRNA gene of oyster shell borers, Polydora species (Polychaeta: Spionidae), from Japan and Australia. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 93, 1279 - 1286. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 002531541200152 X" type="journal article" year="2013">Sato-Okoshi & Abe (2013)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
found that while some live specimens from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3647614FF89093D9C00FB31FE7109D5" box="[338,402,1231,1257]" name="Japan" pageId="13" pageNumber="268">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
had continuous black lines on the palps, others had discontinuous black pigmentation. It is uncertain whether this is intraspecific variation or a result of fading due to age of the worm, as in certain parts of the palp pigmentation appeared faded.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCC3684FF89093D9D95FAC5FBFA0B35" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,1869]" pageId="13" pageNumber="268">
|
||
South African specimens have a pronounced flange on the falcate spines with pennoned companion chaetae on chaetiger 5 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13482A01FF89093D9C71FAA1FE9E0846" box="[291,381,1375,1402]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1257,1281]" captionTargetBox="[268,1319,181,1233]" captionTargetId="figure-32@16.[268,1319,181,1233]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 6. Chaetal structures of Polydora websteri (SAMC-A089181) from South Africa. (A) falcate spines on chaetiger 5 with white arrow indicating the flange on the concave side and green arrow indicating pennoned companion chaetae, (B) hooded hooks on neuropodium of posterior chaetigers with white arrow indicating the hood and green arrow the constriction at the shaft, (C) spine indicated by white arrow with superior winged chaetae on chaetiger 5, (D) inferior winged chaetae on chaetiger 5; scale bars: 0.05 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4748980" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4748980/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="268">Fig. 6A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Wear and orientation of the falcate spines on chaetiger 5 may give the appearance of a tooth and/ or a sheath (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF89093D9C0FFA7DFE3808A1" author="Read, G. B." box="[349,475,1411,1437]" pageId="13" pageNumber="268" pagination="83 - 100" refId="ref16166" refString="Read, G. B. (2010) Comparison and history of Polydora websteri and P. haswelli (Polychaeta: Spionidae) as mud-blister worms in New Zealand shellfish. New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research, 44, 83 - 100. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00288330.2010.482969" type="journal article" year="2010">Read 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) instead of only a flange as in South African specimens and most other descriptions (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF89093D9DCDFA59FE4D08FD" author="Blake, J. A. & Kudenov, J. D." box="[159,430,1447,1473]" pageId="13" pageNumber="268" pagination="171 - 280" refId="ref13289" refString="Blake, J. A. & Kudenov, J. D. (1978) The Spionidae (Polychaeta) from southeastern Australia and adjacent areas with a revision of the genera. Memoirs of the National Museum of Victoria, 39, 171 - 280. https: // doi. org / 10.24199 / j. mmv. 1978.39.11" type="journal article" year="1978">Blake & Kudenov 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF89093D9CEBFA59FD6C08FD" author="Radashevsky, V. I." box="[441,655,1447,1473]" pageId="13" pageNumber="268" pagination="107 - 113" refId="ref15791" refString="Radashevsky, V. I. (1999) Description of the proposed lectotype for Polydora websteri Hartman in Loosanoff & Engle, 1943 (Polychaeta: Spionidae). Ophelia 2, 107 - 113. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00785326.1999.10409402" type="journal article" year="1999">Radashevsky 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF89093D9FC9FA59FC8A08FD" author="Sato-Okoshi, W." box="[667,873,1447,1473]" pageId="13" pageNumber="268" pagination="831 - 848" refId="ref16671" refString="Sato-Okoshi, W. (1999) Polydorid species (Polychaeta: Spionidae) in Japan, with descriptions of morphology, ecology and burrow structure. 1. Boring species. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 79, 831 - 848. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0025315498001003" type="journal article" year="1999">Sato-Okoshi 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF89093D9E26FA59FBEC08FD" author="Surugiu, V." box="[884,1039,1446,1473]" pageId="13" pageNumber="268" pagination="51 - 73" refId="ref17687" refString="Surugiu, V. (2005) Inventory of inshore polychaetes from the Romanian coast (Black Sea). Mediterranean Marine Science, 6, 51 - 73. https: // doi. org / 10.12681 / mms. 193" type="journal article" year="2005">Surugiu 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF89093D9948FA59FBB508FD" author="Surugiu, V." box="[1050,1110,1447,1473]" pageId="13" pageNumber="268" pagination="45 - 65" refId="ref17729" refString="Surugiu, V. (2012) Systematics and ecology of species of the Polydora - complex (Polychaeta: Spionidae) of the Black Sea. Zootaxa, 3518, 45 - 65. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3518.1.3" type="journal article" year="2012">2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF89093D9932FA59FAF308FD" author="Bonifacio, P. H. O." box="[1120,1296,1447,1473]" pageId="13" pageNumber="268" refId="ref13351" refString="Bonifacio, P. H. O. (2009) Polidorideos (Polychaeta: Spionidae) em Crassostrea rhizophorae (Mollusca: Bivalvia) de cinco rios da costa pernambucana. Master's thesis, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife. Available from: https: // bdtd. ibict. br / vufind / Record / UFPE _ 1 a 08 dbdaf 2 fc 7 f 69 f 6022 e 89 e 0062 fad (accessed 12 April 2021)" type="url" year="2009">Bonifácio 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF89093D984EFA59FA7B08FD" author="Read, G. B." box="[1308,1432,1447,1473]" pageId="13" pageNumber="268" pagination="83 - 100" refId="ref16166" refString="Read, G. B. (2010) Comparison and history of Polydora websteri and P. haswelli (Polychaeta: Spionidae) as mud-blister worms in New Zealand shellfish. New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research, 44, 83 - 100. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00288330.2010.482969" type="journal article" year="2010">Read 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF89093D9DC5FA35FE8708D9" author="Barros, T. L. & Gomes Santos, C. S. & De Assis, J. E. & de Souza, J. R. B." box="[151,356,1483,1509]" pageId="13" pageNumber="268" pagination="1169 - 1181" refId="ref12871" refString="Barros, T. L., Gomes Santos, C. S., De Assis, J. E. & de Souza, J. R. B. (2017) Morphology and larval development of Polydora cf. websteri (Polychaeta: Spionidae) in a tropical region of north-eastern Brazil. Journal of Natural History, 51, 1169 - 1181. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222933.2017.1316426" type="journal article" year="2017">
|
||
Barros
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EA96FF89093D9DBBFA35FEC108D9" box="[233,290,1483,1509]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="268">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2017
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF89093D9C22FA35FDC608D9" author="Rice, L. N. & Lindsay, S. & Rawson, P." box="[368,549,1483,1509]" pageId="13" pageNumber="268" pagination="437 - 446" refId="ref16223" refString="Rice, L. N., Lindsay, S. & Rawson, P. (2018) Genetic homogeneity among geographically distant populations of the blister worm Polydora websteri. Aquaculture Environment Interactions, 10, 437 - 446. https: // doi. org / 10.3354 / AEI 00281" type="journal article" year="2018">
|
||
Rice
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EA96FF89093D9CF8FA35FE0008D9" box="[426,483,1483,1509]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="268">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2018
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF89093D9F63FA35FCC608D9" author="Martinelli, J. C. & Lopes, H. M. & Hauser, L. & Jimenez-Hidalgo, I. & King, T. L. & Padilla-Gamino, J. L. & Rawson, P. & Spencer, L. H. & Williams, J. D. & Wood, C. L." box="[561,805,1483,1509]" pageId="13" pageNumber="268" pagination="3961" refId="ref15075" refString="Martinelli, J. C., Lopes, H. M., Hauser, L., Jimenez-Hidalgo, I., King, T. L., Padilla-Gamino, J. L., Rawson, P., Spencer, L. H., Williams, J. D. & Wood, C. L. (2020) Confirmation of the shell-boring oyster parasite Polydora websteri (Polychaeta: Spionidae) in Washington State, USA. Scientific Reports, 10, 3961. https: // doi. org / 10.1038 / s 41598 - 020 - 60805 - w" type="journal article" year="2020">
|
||
Martinelli
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EA96FF89093D9FFAFA35FD0208D9" box="[680,737,1483,1509]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="268">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2020
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). With age, pennoned companion chaetae on chaetiger 5 may appear frayed or hastate (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF89093D9CBBFA11FD840B35" author="Read, G. B." box="[489,615,1519,1545]" pageId="13" pageNumber="268" pagination="83 - 100" refId="ref16166" refString="Read, G. B. (2010) Comparison and history of Polydora websteri and P. haswelli (Polychaeta: Spionidae) as mud-blister worms in New Zealand shellfish. New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research, 44, 83 - 100. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00288330.2010.482969" type="journal article" year="2010">Read 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), as seen for South African specimens.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C369650FFF89093D9D95F9ECFDE50A71" pageId="13" pageNumber="268" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCC3684FF89093D9D95F9ECFB1C0B6E" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,1869]" pageId="13" pageNumber="268">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EA96FF89093D9D95F9ECFE820B10" bold="true" box="[199,353,1554,1580]" pageId="13" pageNumber="268">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3647614FF89093D9C35F9EDFE2F0B11" box="[359,460,1555,1581]" name="Namibia" pageId="13" pageNumber="268">Namibia</collectingCountry>
|
||
: Swakopmund;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3647614FF89093D9FD2F9EDFCF10B11" box="[640,786,1555,1581]" name="South Africa" pageId="13" pageNumber="268">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
: Paternoster and Kleinzee on the west coast (Simon 2015;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF89093D9DC5F9C9FEA20B6D" author="Williams, L. G." box="[151,321,1590,1617]" pageId="13" pageNumber="268" refId="ref18067" refString="Williams, L. G. (2015) Genetic structure of pest polydorids (Annelida: Spionidae) infesting Crassostrea gigas in southern Africa: Are pests being moved with oysters? Master's thesis, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, 75 pp." type="book" year="2015">Williams 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); and Port Elizabeth, Nelson Mandela Bay on the east coast (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF89093D9EB9F9C9FB940B6D" author="Simon, C. A." box="[1003,1143,1591,1617]" pageId="13" pageNumber="268" pagination="39 - 50" refId="ref17219" refString="Simon, C. A. (2011) Polydora and Dipolydora (Polychaeta: Spionidae) associated with on the south coast of South Africa, with descriptions of two new species. African Invertebrates 52, 39 - 50. https: // doi. org / 10.5733 / afin. 052.0104" type="journal article" year="2011">Simon 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; this study).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCC3684FF89093D9D95F9A5FDE50A71" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,1869]" pageId="13" pageNumber="268">
|
||
Globally:
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3647614FF89093D9C6AF9A5FE970B49" box="[312,372,1627,1653]" name="United States of America" pageId="13" pageNumber="268">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
: West coast:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B7F866FF89093D9F57F9A5FD2A0B49" box="[517,713,1627,1653]" country="United States of America" name="Washington" pageId="13" pageNumber="268">Washington State</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF89093D9F85F9A5FC2A0B49" author="Martinelli, J. C. & Lopes, H. M. & Hauser, L. & Jimenez-Hidalgo, I. & King, T. L. & Padilla-Gamino, J. L. & Rawson, P. & Spencer, L. H. & Williams, J. D. & Wood, C. L." box="[727,969,1627,1653]" pageId="13" pageNumber="268" pagination="3961" refId="ref15075" refString="Martinelli, J. C., Lopes, H. M., Hauser, L., Jimenez-Hidalgo, I., King, T. L., Padilla-Gamino, J. L., Rawson, P., Spencer, L. H., Williams, J. D. & Wood, C. L. (2020) Confirmation of the shell-boring oyster parasite Polydora websteri (Polychaeta: Spionidae) in Washington State, USA. Scientific Reports, 10, 3961. https: // doi. org / 10.1038 / s 41598 - 020 - 60805 - w" type="journal article" year="2020">
|
||
Martinelli
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EA96FF89093D9E02F9A5FC6B0B49" box="[848,904,1627,1653]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="268">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2020
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and Gulf of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B7F866FF89093D9932F9A5FB310B49" box="[1120,1234,1627,1653]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="13" pageNumber="268">California</collectingRegion>
|
||
in Mexico (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF89093D980BF9A5FF310BA5" author="Blake, J. A." pageId="13" pageNumber="268" pagination="813 - 820" refId="ref13114" refString="Blake, J. A. (1969) Systematics and ecology of shell-boring polychaetes from New England. American Zoologist, 9, 813 - 820. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / icb / 9.3.813" type="journal article" year="1969">Blake 1969</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF89093D9D8FF981FEFB0BA5" author="Blake, J. A." box="[221,280,1663,1689]" pageId="13" pageNumber="268" pagination="1 - 32" refId="ref13154" refString="Blake, J. A. (1971) Revision of the genus Polydora from the east coast of North America (Polychaeta: Spionidae). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 1971, 1 - 32. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00810282.75" type="journal article" year="1971">1971</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF89093D9C76F981FE4E0BA5" author="Foster, N. M." box="[292,429,1663,1689]" pageId="13" pageNumber="268" pagination="1 - 183" refId="ref14295" refString="Foster, N. M. (1971) Spionidae (Polychaeta) of the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea. Studies on the Fauna of Curacao and other Caribbean Islands 129, 1 - 183." type="journal article" year="1971">Foster 1971</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); East coast:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B7F866FF89093D9F12F981FD690BA5" box="[576,650,1663,1689]" country="United States of America" name="Maine" pageId="13" pageNumber="268">Maine</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B7F866FF89093D9FC7F981FCD90BA5" box="[661,826,1663,1689]" country="United States of America" name="Massachusetts" pageId="13" pageNumber="268">Massachusetts</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B7F866FF89093D9E17F981FC510BA5" box="[837,946,1663,1689]" country="United States of America" name="Maryland" pageId="13" pageNumber="268">Maryland</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF89093D9E92F981FBA60BA5" author="Blake, J. A." box="[960,1093,1663,1689]" pageId="13" pageNumber="268" pagination="813 - 820" refId="ref13114" refString="Blake, J. A. (1969) Systematics and ecology of shell-boring polychaetes from New England. American Zoologist, 9, 813 - 820. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / icb / 9.3.813" type="journal article" year="1969">Blake 1969</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF89093D9902F981FB680BA5" author="Blake, J. A." box="[1104,1163,1663,1689]" pageId="13" pageNumber="268" pagination="1 - 32" refId="ref13154" refString="Blake, J. A. (1971) Revision of the genus Polydora from the east coast of North America (Polychaeta: Spionidae). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 1971, 1 - 32. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00810282.75" type="journal article" year="1971">1971</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF89093D99C5F981FAFD0BA5" author="Foster, N. M." box="[1175,1310,1663,1689]" pageId="13" pageNumber="268" pagination="1 - 183" refId="ref14295" refString="Foster, N. M. (1971) Spionidae (Polychaeta) of the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea. Studies on the Fauna of Curacao and other Caribbean Islands 129, 1 - 183." type="journal article" year="1971">Foster 1971</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF89093D9878F981FF320B81" author="Rice, L. N. & Lindsay, S. & Rawson, P." pageId="13" pageNumber="268" pagination="437 - 446" refId="ref16223" refString="Rice, L. N., Lindsay, S. & Rawson, P. (2018) Genetic homogeneity among geographically distant populations of the blister worm Polydora websteri. Aquaculture Environment Interactions, 10, 437 - 446. https: // doi. org / 10.3354 / AEI 00281" type="journal article" year="2018">
|
||
Rice
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EA96FF89093D9836F981FA7E0BA5" box="[1380,1437,1663,1689]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="268">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2018
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B7F866FF89093D9C5CF95DFE9C0B81" box="[270,383,1699,1725]" country="United States of America" name="New York" pageId="13" pageNumber="268">New York</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF89093D9CDFF95DFD630B81" author="Martinelli, J. C. & Lopes, H. M. & Hauser, L. & Jimenez-Hidalgo, I. & King, T. L. & Padilla-Gamino, J. L. & Rawson, P. & Spencer, L. H. & Williams, J. D. & Wood, C. L." box="[397,640,1699,1725]" pageId="13" pageNumber="268" pagination="3961" refId="ref15075" refString="Martinelli, J. C., Lopes, H. M., Hauser, L., Jimenez-Hidalgo, I., King, T. L., Padilla-Gamino, J. L., Rawson, P., Spencer, L. H., Williams, J. D. & Wood, C. L. (2020) Confirmation of the shell-boring oyster parasite Polydora websteri (Polychaeta: Spionidae) in Washington State, USA. Scientific Reports, 10, 3961. https: // doi. org / 10.1038 / s 41598 - 020 - 60805 - w" type="journal article" year="2020">
|
||
Martinelli
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EA96FF89093D9F57F95DFDDE0B81" box="[517,573,1699,1725]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="268">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2020
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); Gulf coast:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B7F866FF89093D9E40F95DFC940B81" box="[786,887,1699,1725]" country="United States of America" name="Alabama" pageId="13" pageNumber="268">Alabama</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF89093D9ED7F95DFBDA0B81" author="Rice, L. N. & Lindsay, S. & Rawson, P." box="[901,1081,1699,1725]" pageId="13" pageNumber="268" pagination="437 - 446" refId="ref16223" refString="Rice, L. N., Lindsay, S. & Rawson, P. (2018) Genetic homogeneity among geographically distant populations of the blister worm Polydora websteri. Aquaculture Environment Interactions, 10, 437 - 446. https: // doi. org / 10.3354 / AEI 00281" type="journal article" year="2018">
|
||
Rice
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EA96FF89093D9E93F95DFC1A0B81" box="[961,1017,1699,1725]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="268">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2018
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and the Gulf of Mexico (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF89093D980BF95DFF310BDD" author="Blake, J. A." pageId="13" pageNumber="268" pagination="813 - 820" refId="ref13114" refString="Blake, J. A. (1969) Systematics and ecology of shell-boring polychaetes from New England. American Zoologist, 9, 813 - 820. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / icb / 9.3.813" type="journal article" year="1969">Blake 1969</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF89093D9DB2F939FEF80BDD" author="Blake, J. A." box="[224,283,1735,1761]" pageId="13" pageNumber="268" pagination="1 - 32" refId="ref13154" refString="Blake, J. A. (1971) Revision of the genus Polydora from the east coast of North America (Polychaeta: Spionidae). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 1971, 1 - 32. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00810282.75" type="journal article" year="1971">1971</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF89093D9C78F939FE550BDD" author="Foster, N. M." box="[298,438,1735,1761]" pageId="13" pageNumber="268" pagination="1 - 183" refId="ref14295" refString="Foster, N. M. (1971) Spionidae (Polychaeta) of the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea. Studies on the Fauna of Curacao and other Caribbean Islands 129, 1 - 183." type="journal article" year="1971">Foster 1971</bibRefCitation>
|
||
);
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3647614FF89093D9C9EF939FDD00BDD" box="[460,563,1735,1761]" name="Australia" pageId="13" pageNumber="268">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF89093D9F16F939FCBF0BDD" author="Blake, J. A. & Kudenov, J. D." box="[580,860,1735,1761]" pageId="13" pageNumber="268" pagination="171 - 280" refId="ref13289" refString="Blake, J. A. & Kudenov, J. D. (1978) The Spionidae (Polychaeta) from southeastern Australia and adjacent areas with a revision of the genera. Memoirs of the National Museum of Victoria, 39, 171 - 280. https: // doi. org / 10.24199 / j. mmv. 1978.39.11" type="journal article" year="1978">Blake & Kudenov 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF89093D9E39F939FB770BDD" author="Sato-Okoshi, W. & Abe, H." box="[875,1172,1735,1761]" pageId="13" pageNumber="268" pagination="1279 - 1286" refId="ref16790" refString="Sato-Okoshi, W. & Abe, H. (2013) Morphology and molecular analysis of the 18 S rRNA gene of oyster shell borers, Polydora species (Polychaeta: Spionidae), from Japan and Australia. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 93, 1279 - 1286. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 002531541200152 X" type="journal article" year="2013">Sato-Okoshi & Abe 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3647614FF89093D99F9F939FB1C0BDD" box="[1195,1279,1735,1761]" name="Canada" pageId="13" pageNumber="268">Canada</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF89093D9842F939FA7B0BDD" author="Blake, J. A." box="[1296,1432,1735,1761]" pageId="13" pageNumber="268" pagination="813 - 820" refId="ref13114" refString="Blake, J. A. (1969) Systematics and ecology of shell-boring polychaetes from New England. American Zoologist, 9, 813 - 820. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / icb / 9.3.813" type="journal article" year="1969">Blake 1969</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF89093D9DC5F915FF310A39" author="Blake, J. A." box="[151,210,1771,1797]" pageId="13" pageNumber="268" pagination="1 - 32" refId="ref13154" refString="Blake, J. A. (1971) Revision of the genus Polydora from the east coast of North America (Polychaeta: Spionidae). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 1971, 1 - 32. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00810282.75" type="journal article" year="1971">1971</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF89093D9D8CF915FE850A39" author="Foster, N. M." box="[222,358,1771,1797]" pageId="13" pageNumber="268" pagination="1 - 183" refId="ref14295" refString="Foster, N. M. (1971) Spionidae (Polychaeta) of the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea. Studies on the Fauna of Curacao and other Caribbean Islands 129, 1 - 183." type="journal article" year="1971">Foster 1971</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3647614FF89093D9C28F915FE5E0A39" box="[378,445,1771,1797]" name="China" pageId="13" pageNumber="268">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Sato-Okoshi
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EA96FF89093D9F32F915FD7B0A39" box="[608,664,1771,1797]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="268">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2013;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF89093D9FB6F915FC600A39" author="Ye, L. T. & Cao, C. & Tang, B. & Yao, T. & Wang, R." box="[740,899,1771,1797]" pageId="13" pageNumber="268" pagination="699 - 710" refId="ref18329" refString="Ye, L. T., Cao, C., Tang, B., Yao, T. & Wang, R. (2017) Morphological and molecular characterization of Polydora websteri (Annelida: Spionidae), and larvae using mitochondrial COI gene as a molecular marker. Pakistan Journal of Zoology, 49, 699 - 710. https: // doi. org / 10.17582 / journal. pjz / 2017.49.2.699.710" type="journal article" year="2017">
|
||
Ye
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EA96FF89093D9E5BF915FCA20A39" box="[777,833,1771,1797]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="268">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2017
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3647614FF89093D9EC4F915FC350A39" box="[918,982,1771,1797]" name="Japan" pageId="13" pageNumber="268">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF89093D9EB6F915FB570A39" author="Sato-Okoshi, W." box="[996,1204,1771,1797]" pageId="13" pageNumber="268" pagination="831 - 848" refId="ref16671" refString="Sato-Okoshi, W. (1999) Polydorid species (Polychaeta: Spionidae) in Japan, with descriptions of morphology, ecology and burrow structure. 1. Boring species. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 79, 831 - 848. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0025315498001003" type="journal article" year="1999">Sato-Okoshi 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF89093D9992F915FF310A15" author="Sato-Okoshi, W. & Abe, H." pageId="13" pageNumber="268" pagination="40 - 47" refId="ref16731" refString="Sato-Okoshi, W. & Abe, H. (2012) Morphological and molecular sequence analysis of the harmful shell boring species of Polydora (Polychaeta: Spionidae) from Japan and Australia. Aquaculture, 368 - 369, 40 - 47. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. aquaculture. 2012.08.046" type="journal article" year="2012">Sato-Okoshi & Abe 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, 2013), Hawaii (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF89093D9CD8F8F1FDDD0A15" author="Rice, L. N. & Lindsay, S. & Rawson, P." box="[394,574,1807,1833]" pageId="13" pageNumber="268" pagination="437 - 446" refId="ref16223" refString="Rice, L. N., Lindsay, S. & Rawson, P. (2018) Genetic homogeneity among geographically distant populations of the blister worm Polydora websteri. Aquaculture Environment Interactions, 10, 437 - 446. https: // doi. org / 10.3354 / AEI 00281" type="journal article" year="2018">
|
||
Rice
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EA96FF89093D9C97F8F1FE1F0A15" box="[453,508,1807,1833]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="268">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2018
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3647614FF89093D9F03F8F1FD050A15" box="[593,742,1807,1833]" name="New Zealand" pageId="13" pageNumber="268">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF89093D9FA6F8F1FC920A15" author="Read, G. B." box="[756,881,1807,1833]" pageId="13" pageNumber="268" pagination="83 - 100" refId="ref16166" refString="Read, G. B. (2010) Comparison and history of Polydora websteri and P. haswelli (Polychaeta: Spionidae) as mud-blister worms in New Zealand shellfish. New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research, 44, 83 - 100. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00288330.2010.482969" type="journal article" year="2010">Read 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3647614FF89093D9ED6F8F1FC0F0A15" box="[900,1004,1807,1833]" name="Romania" pageId="13" pageNumber="268">Romania</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3647614FF89093D9EA4F8F1FBB30A15" box="[1014,1104,1807,1833]" name="Ukraine" pageId="13" pageNumber="268">Ukraine</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF89093D990CF8F1FB190A15" author="Surugiu, V." box="[1118,1274,1806,1833]" pageId="13" pageNumber="268" pagination="51 - 73" refId="ref17687" refString="Surugiu, V. (2005) Inventory of inshore polychaetes from the Romanian coast (Black Sea). Mediterranean Marine Science, 6, 51 - 73. https: // doi. org / 10.12681 / mms. 193" type="journal article" year="2005">Surugiu 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF89093D9856F8F1FADD0A15" author="Surugiu, V." box="[1284,1342,1807,1833]" pageId="13" pageNumber="268" pagination="45 - 65" refId="ref17729" refString="Surugiu, V. (2012) Systematics and ecology of species of the Polydora - complex (Polychaeta: Spionidae) of the Black Sea. Zootaxa, 3518, 45 - 65. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3518.1.3" type="journal article" year="2012">2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and the Wadden Sea (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF89093D9C62F8CDFE190A71" author="Waser, A. M. & Lackschewitz, D. & Knol, J. & Reise, K. & Wegner, K. M. & Thieltges, D. W." box="[304,506,1843,1869]" pageId="13" pageNumber="268" pagination="63" refId="ref17929" refString="Waser, A. M., Lackschewitz, D., Knol, J., Reise, K., Wegner, K. M. & Thieltges, D. W. (2020) Spread of the invasive shell-boring annelid Polydora websteri (Polychaeta, Spionidae) into naturalised oyster reefs in the European Wadden Sea. Marine Biodiversity, 50, 63. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 12526 - 020 - 01092 - 6" type="journal article" year="2020">
|
||
Waser
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EA96FF89093D9C2CF8CDFE4C0A71" box="[382,431,1843,1869]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="268">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2020
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF0C660CFF8A093E9DC5F93DFD020A7A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4748976" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4748976" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4748976/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="269" startId="14.[151,250,1731,1755]" targetBox="[183,1405,179,1704]" targetPageId="14">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCC3684FF8A093E9DC5F93DFD020A7A" blockId="14.[151,1437,1731,1863]" pageId="14" pageNumber="269">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EA96FF8A093E9DC5F93DFEF10BE7" bold="true" box="[151,274,1731,1755]" pageId="14" pageNumber="269">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D07FF8A093E9C45F93DFE330BE7" authorityName=": Williams" authorityYear="2015" box="[279,464,1731,1755]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Polydora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="14" pageNumber="269" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="websteri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EA96FF8A093E9C45F93DFE330BE7" box="[279,464,1731,1755]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="269">Polydora websteri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimens from South Africa stained with methyl-green. (A) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089084, (B) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089088, (C) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089084, (D) dorsal mid-body of SAMC-A089084, (E) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089088, (F) lateral mid-body of SAMC-A089084, (G) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089084, (H) ventral posterior of SAMC-A089084; scale bars: 0.5 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF0C660CFF8B093F9DC5F9DAFE690AD0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4748978" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4748978" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4748978/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="270" startId="15.[151,250,1572,1596]" targetBox="[289,1299,182,1548]" targetPageId="15">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCC3684FF8B093F9DC5F9DAFE690AD0" blockId="15.[151,1436,1572,2028]" pageId="15" pageNumber="270">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EA96FF8B093F9DC5F9DAFEF70B00" bold="true" box="[151,276,1572,1596]" pageId="15" pageNumber="270">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D07FF8B093F9C4EF9DAFE3B0B00" authorityName=": Williams" authorityYear="2015" box="[284,472,1572,1596]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Polydora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="15" pageNumber="270" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="websteri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EA96FF8B093F9C4EF9DAFE3B0B00" box="[284,472,1572,1596]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="270">Polydora websteri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimens from South Africa showing variation in methyl-green staining patterns. (A) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089086, (B) palps with magenta arrow indicating a line of blue staining pigment adjacent to the black continuous pigmentation lines indicated with a yellow arrow, (C) unstained palp with yellow arrow head indicating faded portion of the black continuous pigmentation line, (D) dorsal anterior of SAMC-A089085 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells on prostomium forming two bars and magenta arrow-head indicating staining on peristomium concentrated along ridge of prostomium, (E) dorsal mid-body of SAMC-A089085, (F) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089088 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells forming a wide band across the anterior part of chaetiger and green arrow indicating hooded hooks on chaetiger 7, (G) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089088 with magenta arrow-head indicating stained cells forming a thin band across the anterior part of chaetiger, (H) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089085, (J) ventral anterior of SAMC-A089086 with green arrow indicating spines on chaetiger 5, (K) ventral mid-body of SAMC-A089084, (L) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089086 with green arrow indicating branchiae beginning at chaetiger 7, (M) lateral anterior of SAMC-A089085 with green arrow indicating spines in curved row on chaetiger 5, (N) dorsal posterior of SAMC-A089087 with magenta arrow indicating stained cells forming a bar; scale bars: 0.5 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF0C660CFF9409209DC5FB17FE8A08AD" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4748980" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4748980" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4748980/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="271" startId="16.[151,250,1257,1281]" targetBox="[268,1319,181,1233]" targetPageId="16">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCC3684FF9409209DC5FB17FE8A08AD" blockId="16.[151,1437,1257,1425]" pageId="16" pageNumber="271">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EA96FF9409209DC5FB17FEF7083D" bold="true" box="[151,276,1257,1281]" pageId="16" pageNumber="271">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
|
||
Chaetal structures of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D07FF9409209CAAFB17FD56083D" authorityName=": Williams" authorityYear="2015" box="[504,693,1257,1281]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Polydora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="16" pageNumber="271" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="websteri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EA96FF9409209CAAFB17FD56083D" box="[504,693,1257,1281]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="271">Polydora websteri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(SAMC-A089181) from South Africa. (A) falcate spines on chaetiger 5 with white arrow indicating the flange on the concave side and green arrow indicating pennoned companion chaetae, (B) hooded hooks on neuropodium of posterior chaetigers with white arrow indicating the hood and green arrow the constriction at the shaft, (C) spine indicated by white arrow with superior winged chaetae on chaetiger 5, (D) inferior winged chaetae on chaetiger 5; scale bars: 0.05 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C369650FFF9409209D95FA3EFDE00ACA" pageId="16" pageNumber="271" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCC3684FF9409209D95FA3EFDE00ACA" blockId="16.[151,1437,1471,2038]" pageId="16" pageNumber="271">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EA96FF9409209D95FA3EFECF08E6" bold="true" box="[199,300,1472,1498]" pageId="16" pageNumber="271">Ecology.</emphasis>
|
||
In
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3647614FF9409209C07FA41FE0B08E5" box="[341,488,1471,1497]" name="South Africa" pageId="16" pageNumber="271">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D07FF9409209CA7FA3EFD9108E5" authorityName=": Williams" authorityYear="2015" box="[501,626,1471,1497]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Polydora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="16" pageNumber="271" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="websteri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EA96FF9409209CA7FA3EFD9108E5" box="[501,626,1471,1497]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="271">P. websteri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is currently only found boring into shells of cultured oysters,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D07FF940920986FFA3EFA7E08E5" baseAuthorityName="Thunberg" baseAuthorityYear="1793" box="[1341,1437,1472,1498]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Crassostrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="16" pageNumber="271" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gigas">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EA96FF940920986FFA3EFA7E08E5" box="[1341,1437,1472,1498]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="271">C. gigas</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF9409209DCDFA1DFE0308C2" author="Simon, C. A. & Sato-Okoshi, W." box="[159,480,1507,1534]" pageId="16" pageNumber="271" pagination="147 - 166" refId="ref17437" refString="Simon, C. A. & Sato-Okoshi, W. (2015) Polydorid polychaetes on farmed molluscs: Distribution, spread and factors contributing to their success. Aquaculture Environment Interactions, 7, 147 - 166. https: // doi. org / 10.3354 / aei 00138" type="journal article" year="2015">Simon & Sato-Okoshi 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF9409209CBEFA1DFD7608C2" author="Williams, L. G." box="[492,661,1507,1534]" pageId="16" pageNumber="271" refId="ref18067" refString="Williams, L. G. (2015) Genetic structure of pest polydorids (Annelida: Spionidae) infesting Crassostrea gigas in southern Africa: Are pests being moved with oysters? Master's thesis, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, 75 pp." type="book" year="2015">Williams 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF9409209FF0FA1DFC6C08C2" author="Williams, L. G. & Karl, S. A. & Rice, S. A. & Simon, C. A." box="[674,911,1507,1534]" pageId="16" pageNumber="271" pagination="105 - 118" refId="ref18111" refString="Williams, L. G., Karl, S. A., Rice, S. A. & Simon, C. A. (2017) Molecular identification of polydorid polychaetes (Annelida: Spionidae): Is there a quick way to identify pest and alien species? African Zoology, 52, 105 - 118. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 15627020.2017.1313131" type="journal article" year="2017">
|
||
Williams
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EA96FF9409209E42FA1AFCA908C1" box="[784,842,1507,1533]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="271">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2017
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D07FF9409209EF1FA1AFBFC08C1" authorityName=": Williams" authorityYear="2015" box="[931,1055,1507,1533]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Polydora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="16" pageNumber="271" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="websteri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EA96FF9409209EF1FA1AFBFC08C1" box="[931,1055,1507,1533]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="271">P. websteri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a pest of commercial molluscs in most locations where it has been reported (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF9409209FFFF9F9FC170B1E" author="Simon, C. A. & Sato-Okoshi, W." box="[685,1012,1543,1570]" pageId="16" pageNumber="271" pagination="147 - 166" refId="ref17437" refString="Simon, C. A. & Sato-Okoshi, W. (2015) Polydorid polychaetes on farmed molluscs: Distribution, spread and factors contributing to their success. Aquaculture Environment Interactions, 7, 147 - 166. https: // doi. org / 10.3354 / aei 00138" type="journal article" year="2015">Simon & Sato-Okoshi 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and also abundant in intertidal and shallow waters (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF9409209C03F9D5FDA70B7A" author="Blake, J. A. & Evans, J. W." box="[337,580,1579,1606]" pageId="16" pageNumber="271" pagination="235 - 249" refId="ref13248" refString="Blake, J. A. & Evans, J. W. (1973) Polydora and related genera Polychaeta Spionidae as borers in mollusk shells and other calcareous substrates. The Veliger, 15, 235 - 249." type="journal article" year="1973">Blake & Evans 1973</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D07FF9409209F0BF9D5FCC90B79" authorityName=": Williams" authorityYear="2015" box="[601,810,1579,1605]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Polydora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="16" pageNumber="271" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="websteri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EA96FF9409209F0BF9D5FCC90B79" box="[601,810,1579,1605]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="271">Polydora websteri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is not host specific and creates U-shaped burrows that induce the formation of mud-blisters by molluscs such as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D07FF9409209E7EF9AEFA740B56" authority="Lamarck, 1819" authorityName="Lamarck" authorityYear="1819" box="[812,1431,1615,1642]" class="Bivalvia" family="Pectinidae" genus="Argopecten" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pectinoida" pageId="16" pageNumber="271" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="irradians">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EA96FF9409209E7EF9AEFBFF0B55" box="[812,1052,1615,1642]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="271">Argopecten irradians</emphasis>
|
||
Lamarck, 1819 (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF94092099B2F9B1FA6C0B56" author="Lauckner, G." box="[1248,1423,1615,1642]" pageId="16" pageNumber="271" pagination="477 - 961" refId="ref14819" refString="Lauckner, G. (1983) Diseases of Mollusca: Bivalvia. In: Kinne, O. (Ed.), Diseases of marine animals. Biologische Anstalt Helgoland, Hamburg, pp. 477 - 961." type="book chapter" year="1983">Lauckner 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D07FF9409209DC5F98AFD9F0BB2" authority="Lamarck, 1819" authorityName="Lamarck" authorityYear="1819" box="[151,636,1651,1678]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Crassostrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="16" pageNumber="271" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="brasiliana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EA96FF9409209DC5F98AFEFE0BB2" box="[151,285,1652,1678]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="271">Crassostrea</emphasis>
|
||
cf.
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EA96FF9409209C02F98DFE200BB1" box="[336,451,1651,1677]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="271">brasiliana</emphasis>
|
||
Lamarck, 1819
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF9409209FDDF98AFC8B0BB2" author="Barros, T. L. & Gomes Santos, C. S. & De Assis, J. E. & de Souza, J. R. B." box="[655,872,1651,1678]" pageId="16" pageNumber="271" pagination="1169 - 1181" refId="ref12871" refString="Barros, T. L., Gomes Santos, C. S., De Assis, J. E. & de Souza, J. R. B. (2017) Morphology and larval development of Polydora cf. websteri (Polychaeta: Spionidae) in a tropical region of north-eastern Brazil. Journal of Natural History, 51, 1169 - 1181. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222933.2017.1316426" type="journal article" year="2017">
|
||
Barros
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EA96FF9409209FB4F98AFCC10BB1" box="[742,802,1651,1677]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="271">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2017
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF9409209E2AF98DFBCE0BB2" author="Bonifacio, P. H. O." box="[888,1069,1651,1678]" pageId="16" pageNumber="271" refId="ref13351" refString="Bonifacio, P. H. O. (2009) Polidorideos (Polychaeta: Spionidae) em Crassostrea rhizophorae (Mollusca: Bivalvia) de cinco rios da costa pernambucana. Master's thesis, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife. Available from: https: // bdtd. ibict. br / vufind / Record / UFPE _ 1 a 08 dbdaf 2 fc 7 f 69 f 6022 e 89 e 0062 fad (accessed 12 April 2021)" type="url" year="2009">Bonifácio 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D07FF9409209917F98AFB450BB1" baseAuthorityName="Thunberg" baseAuthorityYear="1793" box="[1093,1190,1652,1678]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Crassostrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="16" pageNumber="271" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gigas">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EA96FF9409209917F98AFB450BB1" box="[1093,1190,1652,1678]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="271">C. gigas</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF94092099EBF98DFAD80BB2" author="Read, G. B." box="[1209,1339,1651,1678]" pageId="16" pageNumber="271" pagination="83 - 100" refId="ref16166" refString="Read, G. B. (2010) Comparison and history of Polydora websteri and P. haswelli (Polychaeta: Spionidae) as mud-blister worms in New Zealand shellfish. New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research, 44, 83 - 100. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00288330.2010.482969" type="journal article" year="2010">Read 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF9409209818F98DFF1A0B8E" author="Rice, L. N. & Lindsay, S. & Rawson, P." pageId="16" pageNumber="271" pagination="437 - 446" refId="ref16223" refString="Rice, L. N., Lindsay, S. & Rawson, P. (2018) Genetic homogeneity among geographically distant populations of the blister worm Polydora websteri. Aquaculture Environment Interactions, 10, 437 - 446. https: // doi. org / 10.3354 / AEI 00281" type="journal article" year="2018">
|
||
Rice
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EA96FF94092098DAF98AFF570B8D" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="271">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2018
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D07FF9409209C5CF966FCA70B8E" authority="Lam & Morton, 2003" authorityName="Lam & Morton" authorityYear="2003" box="[270,836,1687,1714]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Crassostrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="16" pageNumber="271" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="hongkongensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EA96FF9409209C5CF966FDA00B8D" box="[270,579,1687,1714]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="271">Crassostrea hongkongensis</emphasis>
|
||
Lam & Morton, 2003
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF9409209E06F966FC1F0B8E" author="Ye, L. T. & Cao, C. & Tang, B. & Yao, T. & Wang, R." box="[852,1020,1687,1714]" pageId="16" pageNumber="271" pagination="699 - 710" refId="ref18329" refString="Ye, L. T., Cao, C., Tang, B., Yao, T. & Wang, R. (2017) Morphological and molecular characterization of Polydora websteri (Annelida: Spionidae), and larvae using mitochondrial COI gene as a molecular marker. Pakistan Journal of Zoology, 49, 699 - 710. https: // doi. org / 10.17582 / journal. pjz / 2017.49.2.699.710" type="journal article" year="2017">
|
||
Ye
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EA96FF9409209E2FF966FC540B8D" box="[893,951,1687,1713]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="271">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2017
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D07FF9409209943F966FF2C0BEA" authority="Guilding, 1828" authorityName="Guilding" authorityYear="1828" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Crassostrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="16" pageNumber="271" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="rhizophorae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EA96FF9409209943F966FACB0B8D" box="[1041,1320,1687,1714]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="271">Crassostrea rhizophorae</emphasis>
|
||
Guilding, 1828
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF9409209DB2F942FE560BEA" author="Barros, T. L. & Gomes Santos, C. S. & De Assis, J. E. & de Souza, J. R. B." box="[224,437,1723,1750]" pageId="16" pageNumber="271" pagination="1169 - 1181" refId="ref12871" refString="Barros, T. L., Gomes Santos, C. S., De Assis, J. E. & de Souza, J. R. B. (2017) Morphology and larval development of Polydora cf. websteri (Polychaeta: Spionidae) in a tropical region of north-eastern Brazil. Journal of Natural History, 51, 1169 - 1181. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222933.2017.1316426" type="journal article" year="2017">
|
||
Barros
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EA96FF9409209C64F942FE920BE9" box="[310,369,1723,1749]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="271">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2017
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF9409209C91F945FD940BEA" author="Bonifacio, P. H. O." box="[451,631,1723,1750]" pageId="16" pageNumber="271" refId="ref13351" refString="Bonifacio, P. H. O. (2009) Polidorideos (Polychaeta: Spionidae) em Crassostrea rhizophorae (Mollusca: Bivalvia) de cinco rios da costa pernambucana. Master's thesis, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife. Available from: https: // bdtd. ibict. br / vufind / Record / UFPE _ 1 a 08 dbdaf 2 fc 7 f 69 f 6022 e 89 e 0062 fad (accessed 12 April 2021)" type="url" year="2009">Bonifácio 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D07FF9409209FDFF942FBC40BEA" authority="Gmelin, 1791" authorityName="Gmelin" authorityYear="1791" box="[653,1063,1723,1750]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Crassostrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="16" pageNumber="271" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="virginica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EA96FF9409209FDFF942FC620BE9" box="[653,897,1724,1750]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="271">Crassostrea virginica</emphasis>
|
||
Gmelin, 1791
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF9409209965F945FAB80BEA" author="Loosanoff, V. L. & Engle, J. B." box="[1079,1371,1723,1750]" pageId="16" pageNumber="271" pagination="69 - 78" refId="ref14916" refString="Loosanoff, V. L. & Engle, J. B. (1943) Polydora in oysters suspended in the water. Biological Bulletin, 85, 69 - 78. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 1538270" type="journal article" year="1943">Loosanoff & Engle 1943</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF940920983BF945FEF60BC6" author="Rice, L. N. & Lindsay, S. & Rawson, P." pageId="16" pageNumber="271" pagination="437 - 446" refId="ref16223" refString="Rice, L. N., Lindsay, S. & Rawson, P. (2018) Genetic homogeneity among geographically distant populations of the blister worm Polydora websteri. Aquaculture Environment Interactions, 10, 437 - 446. https: // doi. org / 10.3354 / AEI 00281" type="journal article" year="2018">
|
||
Rice
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EA96FF9409209DC5F91EFF320BC5" box="[151,209,1759,1785]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="271">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2018
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF9409209C70F921FDFA0BC6" author="Martinelli, J. C. & Lopes, H. M. & Hauser, L. & Jimenez-Hidalgo, I. & King, T. L. & Padilla-Gamino, J. L. & Rawson, P. & Spencer, L. H. & Williams, J. D. & Wood, C. L." box="[290,537,1759,1786]" pageId="16" pageNumber="271" pagination="3961" refId="ref15075" refString="Martinelli, J. C., Lopes, H. M., Hauser, L., Jimenez-Hidalgo, I., King, T. L., Padilla-Gamino, J. L., Rawson, P., Spencer, L. H., Williams, J. D. & Wood, C. L. (2020) Confirmation of the shell-boring oyster parasite Polydora websteri (Polychaeta: Spionidae) in Washington State, USA. Scientific Reports, 10, 3961. https: // doi. org / 10.1038 / s 41598 - 020 - 60805 - w" type="journal article" year="2020">
|
||
Martinelli
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EA96FF9409209CC9F91EFE360BC5" box="[411,469,1759,1785]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="271">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2020
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D07FF9409209F7CF921FB860BC6" authority="Linnaeus, 1758" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[558,1125,1759,1786]" class="Gastropoda" family="Calyptraeidae" genus="Crepidula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="16" pageNumber="271" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="fornicata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EA96FF9409209F7CF921FCEC0BC5" box="[558,783,1759,1785]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="271">Crepidula fornicata</emphasis>
|
||
Linnaeus, 1758 (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF9409209E84F921FBBF0BC6" author="Blake, J. A." box="[982,1116,1759,1786]" pageId="16" pageNumber="271" pagination="1 - 32" refId="ref13154" refString="Blake, J. A. (1971) Revision of the genus Polydora from the east coast of North America (Polychaeta: Spionidae). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 1971, 1 - 32. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00810282.75" type="journal article" year="1971">Blake 1971</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D07FF9409209920F91EFEC80A22" authority="(Say, 1822) (Blake 1971)" authorityName="Blake" authorityYear="1971" baseAuthorityName="Say" baseAuthorityYear="1822" class="Gastropoda" family="Naticidae" genus="Euspira" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="16" pageNumber="271" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="heros">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EA96FF9409209920F91EFAF20BC5" box="[1138,1297,1759,1785]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="271">Euspira heros</emphasis>
|
||
(Say, 1822) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF9409209DCDF8FDFEC00A22" author="Blake, J. A." box="[159,291,1795,1822]" pageId="16" pageNumber="271" pagination="1 - 32" refId="ref13154" refString="Blake, J. A. (1971) Revision of the genus Polydora from the east coast of North America (Polychaeta: Spionidae). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 1971, 1 - 32. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00810282.75" type="journal article" year="1971">Blake 1971</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D07FF9409209C64F8FAFCDE0A22" authority="Linnaeus, 1758" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[310,829,1795,1822]" class="Gastropoda" family="Littorinidae" genus="Littorina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="16" pageNumber="271" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="littorea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EA96FF9409209C64F8FAFE120A21" box="[310,497,1795,1821]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="271">Littorina littorea</emphasis>
|
||
Linnaeus, 1758 (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF9409209FE3F8FDFCD60A22" author="Blake, J. A." box="[689,821,1795,1822]" pageId="16" pageNumber="271" pagination="1 - 32" refId="ref13154" refString="Blake, J. A. (1971) Revision of the genus Polydora from the east coast of North America (Polychaeta: Spionidae). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 1971, 1 - 32. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00810282.75" type="journal article" year="1971">Blake 1971</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D07FF9409209E1AF8FDFB740A22" authority="Linnaeus, 1758" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[840,1175,1795,1822]" class="Bivalvia" family="Mytilidae" genus="Mytilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mytiloida" pageId="16" pageNumber="271" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="edulis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EA96FF9409209E1AF8FDFC060A21" box="[840,997,1795,1821]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="271">Mytilus edulis</emphasis>
|
||
Linnaeus, 1758
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF94092099F7F8FDFA6C0A22" author="Blake, J. A. & Evans, J. W." box="[1189,1423,1795,1822]" pageId="16" pageNumber="271" pagination="235 - 249" refId="ref13248" refString="Blake, J. A. & Evans, J. W. (1973) Polydora and related genera Polychaeta Spionidae as borers in mollusk shells and other calcareous substrates. The Veliger, 15, 235 - 249." type="journal article" year="1973">Blake & Evans 1973</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D07FF9409209DC5F8D9FD8B0A7E" authority="Lamarck, 1819" authorityName="Lamarck" authorityYear="1819" box="[151,616,1831,1858]" class="Bivalvia" family="Mytilidae" genus="Mytilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mytiloida" pageId="16" pageNumber="271" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="galloprovincialis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EA96FF9409209DC5F8D9FE500A7D" box="[151,435,1831,1857]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="271">Mytilus galloprovincialis</emphasis>
|
||
Lamarck, 1819
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF9409209F2BF8D9FCFB0A7E" author="Surugiu, V." box="[633,792,1831,1858]" pageId="16" pageNumber="271" pagination="51 - 73" refId="ref17687" refString="Surugiu, V. (2005) Inventory of inshore polychaetes from the Romanian coast (Black Sea). Mediterranean Marine Science, 6, 51 - 73. https: // doi. org / 10.12681 / mms. 193" type="journal article" year="2005">Surugiu 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF9409209E77F8D6FC820A7E" author="Surugiu, V." box="[805,865,1832,1858]" pageId="16" pageNumber="271" pagination="45 - 65" refId="ref17729" refString="Surugiu, V. (2012) Systematics and ecology of species of the Polydora - complex (Polychaeta: Spionidae) of the Black Sea. Zootaxa, 3518, 45 - 65. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3518.1.3" type="journal article" year="2012">2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D07FF9409209E25F8D9FA740A7E" authority="(Linnaeus, 1758) (Blake 1971)" authorityName="Blake" authorityYear="1971" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[887,1431,1831,1858]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Nucella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="16" pageNumber="271" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="lapillus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EA96FF9409209E25F8D9FBC80A7D" box="[887,1067,1831,1857]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="271">Nucella lapillus</emphasis>
|
||
(Linnaeus, 1758) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF940920985AF8D9FA6C0A7E" author="Blake, J. A." box="[1288,1423,1831,1858]" pageId="16" pageNumber="271" pagination="1 - 32" refId="ref13154" refString="Blake, J. A. (1971) Revision of the genus Polydora from the east coast of North America (Polychaeta: Spionidae). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 1971, 1 - 32. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00810282.75" type="journal article" year="1971">Blake 1971</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D07FF9409209DC5F8B2FD940A5A" authority="Sowerby, 1871" authorityName="Sowerby" authorityYear="1871" box="[151,631,1867,1894]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Ostrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="16" pageNumber="271" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="angasi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EA96FF9409209DC5F8B2FED50A59" box="[151,310,1868,1894]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="271">Ostrea angasi</emphasis>
|
||
Sowerby, 1871 (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF9409209CABF8B5FD8C0A5A" author="Nell, J. A." box="[505,623,1867,1894]" pageId="16" pageNumber="271" pagination="14 - 25" refId="ref15443" refString="Nell, J. A. (2001) The history of oyster farming in Australia. Marine Fisheries Review, 63, 14 - 25." type="journal article" year="2001">Nell 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D07FF9409209FD6F8B5FC2C0A5A" authority="Gould, 1850" authorityName="Gould" authorityYear="1850" box="[644,975,1867,1894]" class="Bivalvia" family="Pteriidae" genus="Pinctada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pterioida" pageId="16" pageNumber="271" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="fucata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EA96FF9409209FD6F8B5FCDB0A59" box="[644,824,1867,1893]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="271">Pinctada fucata</emphasis>
|
||
Gould, 1850
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF9409209E8DF8B5FAC10A5A" author="Simon, C. A. & Sato-Okoshi, W." box="[991,1314,1867,1894]" pageId="16" pageNumber="271" pagination="147 - 166" refId="ref17437" refString="Simon, C. A. & Sato-Okoshi, W. (2015) Polydorid polychaetes on farmed molluscs: Distribution, spread and factors contributing to their success. Aquaculture Environment Interactions, 7, 147 - 166. https: // doi. org / 10.3354 / aei 00138" type="journal article" year="2015">Simon & Sato-Okoshi 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D07FF9409209865F8B5FE470AB6" authority="Roding, 1798" authorityName="Roding" authorityYear="1798" class="Bivalvia" family="Pteriidae" genus="Pinctada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pterioida" pageId="16" pageNumber="271" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="imbricata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EA96FF9409209865F8B5FEE70AB5" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="271">Pinctada imbricata</emphasis>
|
||
Röding, 1798
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF9409209CE1F891FCCB0AB6" author="Diaz-Diaz, O. & Linero-Arana, I." box="[435,808,1903,1930]" pageId="16" pageNumber="271" pagination="298 - 301" refId="ref14073" refString="Diaz-Diaz, O. & Linero-Arana, I. (2003) Poliquestos epibiontes de Pinctada imbricata Roding, 1798 (Bivalvia: Pteriidae) en el golfo de Cariaco, Venezuela. Interciencia, 28, 298 - 301." type="journal article" year="2003">Díaz-Díaz & Liñero-Arana 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D07FF9409209E69F891FAE70AB6" authority="Gmelin, 1791" authorityName="Gmelin" authorityYear="1791" box="[827,1284,1903,1930]" class="Bivalvia" family="Pectinidae" genus="Placopecten" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pectinoida" pageId="16" pageNumber="271" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="magellanicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EA96FF9409209E69F891FB810AB5" box="[827,1122,1903,1929]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="271">Placopecten magellanicus</emphasis>
|
||
Gmelin, 1791
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF9409209841F891FA7B0AB5" author="Blake, J. A." box="[1299,1432,1903,1929]" pageId="16" pageNumber="271" pagination="813 - 820" refId="ref13114" refString="Blake, J. A. (1969) Systematics and ecology of shell-boring polychaetes from New England. American Zoologist, 9, 813 - 820. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / icb / 9.3.813" type="journal article" year="1969">Blake 1969</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF9409209DC5F86AFF310A92" author="Blake, J. A." box="[151,210,1940,1966]" pageId="16" pageNumber="271" pagination="1 - 32" refId="ref13154" refString="Blake, J. A. (1971) Revision of the genus Polydora from the east coast of North America (Polychaeta: Spionidae). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 1971, 1 - 32. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00810282.75" type="journal article" year="1971">1971</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D07FF9409209DBAF86AFD880A92" authority="Jay, 1857" authorityName="Jay" authorityYear="1857" box="[232,619,1939,1966]" class="Bivalvia" family="Pectinidae" genus="Patinopecten" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pectinoida" pageId="16" pageNumber="271" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="yessoensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EA96FF9409209DBAF86AFE1A0A91" box="[232,505,1940,1965]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="271">Patinopecten yessoensis</emphasis>
|
||
Jay, 1857
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF9409209F29F86AFCAE0A92" author="Bower, S. M. & Blackbourn, J. & Meyer, G. R. & Nishimura, D. J. H." box="[635,845,1939,1966]" pageId="16" pageNumber="271" pagination="201 - 210" refId="ref13579" refString="Bower, S. M., Blackbourn, J., Meyer, G. R. & Nishimura, D. J. H. (1992) Diseases of cultured Japanese scallops (Patinopecten yessoensis) in British Columbia, Canada. Aquaculture, 107, 201 - 210. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / 0044 - 8486 (92) 90068 - V" type="journal article" year="1992">
|
||
Bower
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EA96FF9409209F9DF86AFCEA0A91" box="[719,777,1939,1965]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="271">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1992
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D07FF9409209E33F86AFA8F0A92" authority="Born, 1778" authorityName="Born" authorityYear="1778" box="[865,1388,1939,1966]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Saccostrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="16" pageNumber="271" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="cucullata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EA96FF9409209E33F86AFBA80A91" box="[865,1099,1939,1966]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="271">Saccostrea cucullata</emphasis>
|
||
Born, 1778 (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF94092099B0F86DFA800A92" author="Skeel, M. E." box="[1250,1379,1939,1966]" pageId="16" pageNumber="271" pagination="529 - 533" refId="ref17632" refString="Skeel, M. E. (1979) Shell-boring worms (Spionidae: Polychaeta) infecting cultivated bivalve molluscs in Australia. Proceedings of the World Mariculture Society, 10, 529 - 533. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1749 - 7345.1979. tb 00048. x" type="journal article" year="1979">Skeel 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D07FF9409209DC5F846FDC10AEE" authority="Gould, 1850" authorityName="Gould" authorityYear="1850" box="[151,546,1975,2002]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Saccostrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="16" pageNumber="271" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="glomerata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EA96FF9409209DC5F846FE6F0AED" box="[151,396,1975,2002]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="271">Saccostrea glomerata</emphasis>
|
||
Gould, 1850
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D07FF9409209F01F846FB660AEE" authority="Sato-Okoshi et al. 2008" authorityName="Sato-Okoshi" authorityYear="2008" box="[595,1157,1975,2002]" class="Bivalvia" family="Ostreidae" genus="Saccostrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreoida" pageId="16" pageNumber="271" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="commercialis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EA96FF9409209F01F846FC880AED" box="[595,875,1975,2002]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="271">Saccostrea commercialis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF9409209E21F849FB660AEE" author="Sato-Okoshi, W. & Okoshi, K. & Shaw, J." box="[883,1157,1975,2002]" pageId="16" pageNumber="271" pagination="491 - 501" refId="ref17004" refString="Sato-Okoshi, W., Okoshi, K. & Shaw, J. (2008) Polydorid species (Polychaeta: Spionidae) in south-western Australian waters with special reference to Polydora uncinata and Boccardia knoxi. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 88, 491 - 501. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0025315408000842" type="journal article" year="2008">
|
||
Sato-Okoshi
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EA96FF940920995AF846FBA20AED" box="[1032,1089,1975,2001]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="271">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2008
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), and also been found in limestone (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF9409209C41F825FE4C0ACA" author="Surugiu, V." box="[275,431,2011,2038]" pageId="16" pageNumber="271" pagination="51 - 73" refId="ref17687" refString="Surugiu, V. (2005) Inventory of inshore polychaetes from the Romanian coast (Black Sea). Mediterranean Marine Science, 6, 51 - 73. https: // doi. org / 10.12681 / mms. 193" type="journal article" year="2005">Surugiu 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B75FF9409209CE8F822FE140ACA" author="Surugiu, V." box="[442,503,2012,2038]" pageId="16" pageNumber="271" pagination="45 - 65" refId="ref17729" refString="Surugiu, V. (2012) Systematics and ecology of species of the Polydora - complex (Polychaeta: Spionidae) of the Black Sea. Zootaxa, 3518, 45 - 65. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3518.1.3" type="journal article" year="2012">2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |