330 lines
40 KiB
XML
330 lines
40 KiB
XML
<document id="6557335A07FEB74CFFCB812C6FA69476" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.283572" ID-GBIF-Dataset="61a9ddf5-0a97-4757-8217-e72d41a770a7" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="283572" ID-ZooBank="C2B24CC9-EE3D-43DC-AB13-22B7346C93DA" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460587796566" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Lyons And Martin Avery Snyder, William G." docDate="2013" docId="03D90078D228EC7C77FA9EF1EEFBFD3A" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03636p058.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3636 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Pustulatirus eppi Melvill 1891" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="48" masterDocId="FFE07800D223EC71776D981DEE14FFD5" masterDocTitle="The Genus Pustulatirus Vermeij and Snyder, 2006 (Gastropoda: Fasciolariidae: Peristerniinae) in the Western Atlantic, with Descriptions of Three New Species" masterLastPageNumber="58" masterPageNumber="35" pageNumber="46" updateTime="1698325456683" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="9C2545D93CE513AAB087AB6FAFD28419">The Genus Pustulatirus Vermeij and Snyder, 2006 (Gastropoda: Fasciolariidae: Peristerniinae) in the Western Atlantic, with Descriptions of Three New Species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="1E84DDE15753DA4DD4BE9CACE03DE7D1">Lyons And Martin Avery Snyder, William G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="B09D9654BBB62C961377415381249FBF">2013</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03D90078D228EC7C77FA9EF1EEFBFD3A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6162516" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127663705" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6162516" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D90078D228EC7C77FA9EF1EEFBFD3A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D90078D228EC7C77FA9EF1EEFBFD3A" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="48" pageId="11" pageNumber="46">
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<subSubSection id="C36AE2E5D228EC7D77FA9EF1ECA6FF3E" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="47" pageId="11" pageNumber="46" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BCFB16ED228EC7A77FA9EF1EC34F8D0" blockId="11.[151,544,1771,1830]" box="[151,544,1771,1798]" pageId="11" pageNumber="46">
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<heading id="D0870602D228EC7A77FA9EF1EC34F8D0" bold="true" box="[151,544,1771,1798]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="46" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD228EC7A77FA9EF1EC34F8D0" ID-CoL="4QL4W" authority="Melvill, 1891" authorityName="Melvill" authorityYear="1891" box="[151,544,1771,1798]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Pustulatirus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="46" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="eppi">
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<emphasis id="B9046D7CD228EC7A77FA9EF1EC34F8D0" bold="true" box="[151,544,1771,1798]" pageId="11" pageNumber="46">
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<emphasis id="B9046D7CD228EC7A77FA9EF1EF70F8D3" bold="true" box="[151,356,1772,1798]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="46">Pustulatirus eppi</emphasis>
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||
(Melvill, 1891)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCFB16ED228EC7A77FA9F13EF5FF8F3" blockId="11.[151,544,1771,1830]" box="[151,331,1806,1830]" pageId="11" pageNumber="46">
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||
(
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<figureCitation id="134BADEBD228EC7A77F39F13EF56F8F3" box="[158,322,1806,1830]" captionStart="FIGURES 38 – 68" captionStartId="15.[151,264,1671,1694]" captionTargetBox="[236,1353,181,1653]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[236,1354,181,1654]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 38 – 68. Western Atlantic Pustulatirus and Pseudolatirus species. 38 – 42. Pustulatirus watermanorum new species. 38 – 40. Holotype, ANSP 449721, 27.4 mm, off Roatán, Honduras. 41 – 42. Paratype, ANSP 449725, 26.1 mm, off Roatán. 43 – 45. Pustulatirus eppi (Melvill, 1891) Holotype, RMNHL, 24.1 mm, Curaçao. 46 – 51. Pustulatirus biocellatus new species, Brazil. 46 – 48. Holotype, MZUSP 108767, 30.0 mm, north of Natal. 49 – 50. Paratype, ANSP 449745, 26.5 mm, off Alcobaça. 51. Paratype, ANSP 422778, 24.0 mm, off Camocim. 52 – 62. Pustulatirus ogum (Petuch, 1979), Brazil. 52 – 54. Holotype, USNM 780654, 39.3 mm, Abrolhos reef complex. 55 – 56. ANSP 449735, 53.1 mm, off Arraial do Cabo. 57 – 58. ANSP 449733, 31.8 mm, off Barra, Salvador. 59 – 61. ANSP 449799, 22.9 mm, off Cabo Frio. 62 – 64. Labral “ dentition. ” 62. Pustulatirus ogum, ANSP 449736, enlarged serratum of 35.2 mm shell, off Alcobaça, Brazil. 63. Benimakia species, ANSP 449800, labral tooth of 23.7 mm shell, Zanzibar. 64. Leucozonia nassa (Gmelin, 1791), ANSP 195297, labral tooth of 41.2 mm shell, New Providence, Bahamas. 65 – 68. Pseudolatirus tumbeziensis Olsson, 1932. 65 – 66. ANSP-IP 81622, 61.8 mm, Paraguana Peninsula Venezuela, Cantaure Formation, Miocene. 67. Same specimen, showing exterior cords and threads and edge of lip. 68. Same specimen, showing plicae in siphonal canal." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/283574/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="46">Figures 43–45</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCFB16ED228EC7D77FA9F45ECA6FF3E" blockId="11.[151,1436,1878,2023]" lastBlockId="12.[151,1436,152,266]" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="47" pageId="11" pageNumber="46">
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<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD228EC7A77FA9F45EFF5F8B9" authority="Melvill, 1891a: 158" authorityName="Melvill" authorityPageNumber="158" authorityYear="1891" box="[151,481,1878,1901]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="46" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="eppi">
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<emphasis id="B9046D7CD228EC7A77FA9F45EF06F8B8" box="[151,274,1880,1901]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="46">Latirus eppi</emphasis>
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Melvill, 1891a: 158
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</taxonomicName>
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. Melvill, 1891b: 394, 411, pl. 2, fig. 11; Horst and Schepman, 1894: 92; Schepman, 1916: 477; van Bentham Jutting, 1927: 6, 32; Coomans, 1958: 49, 93; Warmke and Abbott, 1961: 14; de Jong and Kristensen, 1965: 39; Bullock, 1968: 69, 99, 101, pl. 4, fig. 10; Tello, 1975: 125; Princz, 1982: 123; Trew, 1987: 38; de Jong and Coomans, 1988: 88, pl. 25, fig. 479; Trew, 1990: 2; Lyons, 1991: 177, 178, fig. 42, 43; Díaz, 1995: 118; Snyder, 2003: 91; Mallard and Robin, 2005: 17 (
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<emphasis id="B9046D7CD228EC7A76CE9FCFEFC4F832" box="[419,464,2002,2023]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="46">pars</emphasis>
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||
); Rios, 2009: 253 (
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<emphasis id="B9046D7CD228EC7A75F99FCFECD5F832" box="[660,705,2002,2023]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="46">pars</emphasis>
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); Faber, 2010: 8, fig. 1; van der Bijl
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<emphasis id="B9046D7CD228EC7A73579FCFEA72F832" box="[1082,1126,2001,2023]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="46">et al</emphasis>
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., 2010: 54, 4 figs.
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<emphasis id="B9046D7CD228EC7D724E9FCFEEE7FF7B" italics="true" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="47" pageId="11" pageNumber="46">
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Non
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<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD228EC7D723E9FCFEEE7FF7B" authority="Espinosa et al." authorityName="Espinosa et al." class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="47" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="46" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="eppi">Latirus eppi</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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Espinosa
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<emphasis id="B9046D7CD22FEC7D76379884EF92FF7B" box="[346,390,152,174]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="47">et al</emphasis>
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. (1994: 113; 1995: 36; both
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<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED22FEC7D75CB9885ECCBFF7B" box="[678,735,152,174]" name="Cuba" pageId="12" pageNumber="47">Cuba</collectingCountry>
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), Mallard and Robin (2005: pl. 43, right figs. only, ‘Porto Rico’), and Robin (2008: 221, figs. 2, = same figs. of shell from ‘Porto Rico’), all =
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<emphasis id="B9046D7CD22FEC7D74D198A5EA56FF18" box="[956,1090,184,205]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="47">P. v i rg i n e n s i s</emphasis>
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(Abbott, 1958);
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<emphasis id="B9046D7CD22FEC7D739998A5EEEEFF3E" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="47">
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nec
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD22FEC7D727298A5EEEEFF3E" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="47" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subSpecies" species="eppi" subSpecies="auctt">Latirus eppi auctt</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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. =
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<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD22FEC7D767698CBEC75FF3E" authority="Lyons and Snyder" authorityName="Lyons and Snyder" box="[283,609,213,235]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Pustulatirus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="47" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="biocellatus">
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||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD22FEC7D767698CBEFB7FF3E" box="[283,419,213,235]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="47">P. biocellatus</emphasis>
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Lyons and Snyder
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</taxonomicName>
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||
, herein.
|
||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36AE2E5D22FEC7D77FA98E9EC1CFD2B" pageId="12" pageNumber="47" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCFB16ED22FEC7D77FA98E9EB59FEDF" blockId="12.[151,1436,152,266]" box="[151,1357,243,266]" pageId="12" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD22FEC7D77FA98E9EFF4FEDC" authority="Melvill, 1891" authorityName="Melvill" authorityYear="1891" box="[151,480,243,266]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Pustulatirus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="47" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="eppi">
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<emphasis id="B9046D7CD22FEC7D77FA98E9EF50FEDF" box="[151,324,244,266]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="47">Pustulatirus eppi</emphasis>
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||
(Melvill, 1891)
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
—Vermeij and Snyder, 2006: 421 (
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<emphasis id="B9046D7CD22FEC7D742598E8ED61FEDF" box="[840,885,245,266]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="47">pars</emphasis>
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||
;
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||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD22FEC7D74EE98E8EDBDFEDF" box="[899,937,245,266]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="47">non</emphasis>
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fig.4C, =
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<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD22FEC7D737D98E9EB15FEDF" box="[1040,1281,244,266]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Pustulatirus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="47" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="biocellatus" status="sp. nov.">
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||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD22FEC7D737D98E9EB15FEDF" box="[1040,1281,244,266]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="47">Pustulatirus biocellatus</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A237D007D22FEC7D726598E8EB54FEDF" box="[1288,1344,245,266]" pageId="12" pageNumber="47" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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||
).
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BCFB16ED22FEC7D77FA992BEC1CFD2B" blockId="12.[151,1437,310,2027]" pageId="12" pageNumber="47">
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<emphasis id="B9046D7CD22FEC7D77FA992BEF3FFE9A" bold="true" box="[151,299,310,335]" pageId="12" pageNumber="47">Description:</emphasis>
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Shell small for genus (largest 24.1 x
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<quantity id="4C881C8BD22FEC7D7583992BED4EFE9B" box="[750,858,310,334]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.08" pageId="12" pageNumber="47" unit="mm" value="10.8">10.8 mm</quantity>
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), solid, broadly fusiform, axially compressed and compact, with rapidly expanding whorls, broad axial ribs, and low spiral cords. Protoconch too worn for description. Teleoconch with about 6 whorls, suture slightly undulant in accord with ribs and interspaces, sutural ramp lacking; whorls shorter than wide, with 8 or 9 axial ribs extending from suture to suture; spiral sculpture of low cords, 3 or 4 cords on whorls 2 and 3, 4 or 5 cords on whorl 4, cords on later whorls becoming nearly obsolete except for about 3 cords near adapical suture and 1 or 2 on body whorl near junction with siphonal process; about 5 stronger, oblique cords on dorsal surface of broad, abapically tapering siphonal process. Aperture ovo-elongate, constricted adapically by parietal node at posterior sinus and abapically by node opposite entrance fold at base of columella; outer lip lowly arcuate, with flexure near junction with siphonal process; outer lip smooth, worn on specimens examined, but with remnants between termini of cords suggesting extensions of interspaces; inside of outer lip with about 6 pustulose lirae emerging from aperture; inner lip smooth, adherent, with 3 or 4 oblique plicae on abapical half. Shell surface chestnut brown, apparently fading to yellow in older dead shells, interior white. Operculum and radula unknown.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C36AE2E5D22FEC7D77AA9B16EA3BFCBE" pageId="12" pageNumber="47" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCFB16ED22FEC7D77AA9B16EA14FCF7" blockId="12.[151,1437,310,2027]" box="[199,1024,778,803]" pageId="12" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD22FEC7D77AA9B16EF6CFCF6" bold="true" box="[199,376,778,803]" pageId="12" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CB0FCCD22FEC7D77AA9B16EF14FCF6" box="[199,256,779,803]" pageId="12" pageNumber="47">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
Material:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CB0FCCD22FEC7D76EC9B17EFFDFCF7" box="[385,489,778,802]" pageId="12" pageNumber="47" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
24.1 x
|
||
<quantity id="4C881C8BD22FEC7D75509B17ECB5FCF7" box="[573,673,778,802]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.08" pageId="12" pageNumber="47" unit="mm" value="10.8">10.8 mm</quantity>
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||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="134BADEBD22FEC7D75C29B17ED42FCF7" box="[687,854,778,802]" captionStart="FIGURES 38 – 68" captionStartId="15.[151,264,1671,1694]" captionTargetBox="[236,1353,181,1653]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[236,1354,181,1654]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 38 – 68. Western Atlantic Pustulatirus and Pseudolatirus species. 38 – 42. Pustulatirus watermanorum new species. 38 – 40. Holotype, ANSP 449721, 27.4 mm, off Roatán, Honduras. 41 – 42. Paratype, ANSP 449725, 26.1 mm, off Roatán. 43 – 45. Pustulatirus eppi (Melvill, 1891) Holotype, RMNHL, 24.1 mm, Curaçao. 46 – 51. Pustulatirus biocellatus new species, Brazil. 46 – 48. Holotype, MZUSP 108767, 30.0 mm, north of Natal. 49 – 50. Paratype, ANSP 449745, 26.5 mm, off Alcobaça. 51. Paratype, ANSP 422778, 24.0 mm, off Camocim. 52 – 62. Pustulatirus ogum (Petuch, 1979), Brazil. 52 – 54. Holotype, USNM 780654, 39.3 mm, Abrolhos reef complex. 55 – 56. ANSP 449735, 53.1 mm, off Arraial do Cabo. 57 – 58. ANSP 449733, 31.8 mm, off Barra, Salvador. 59 – 61. ANSP 449799, 22.9 mm, off Cabo Frio. 62 – 64. Labral “ dentition. ” 62. Pustulatirus ogum, ANSP 449736, enlarged serratum of 35.2 mm shell, off Alcobaça, Brazil. 63. Benimakia species, ANSP 449800, labral tooth of 23.7 mm shell, Zanzibar. 64. Leucozonia nassa (Gmelin, 1791), ANSP 195297, labral tooth of 41.2 mm shell, New Providence, Bahamas. 65 – 68. Pseudolatirus tumbeziensis Olsson, 1932. 65 – 66. ANSP-IP 81622, 61.8 mm, Paraguana Peninsula Venezuela, Cantaure Formation, Miocene. 67. Same specimen, showing exterior cords and threads and edge of lip. 68. Same specimen, showing plicae in siphonal canal." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/283574/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="47">Figures 43–45</figureCitation>
|
||
), dd, RMNHL.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCFB16ED22FEC7D77AA9B32ECD8FC93" blockId="12.[151,1437,310,2027]" box="[199,716,814,839]" pageId="12" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD22FEC7D77AA9B32EF7CFC92" bold="true" box="[199,360,814,839]" pageId="12" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CB0FCCD22FEC7D77AA9B32EF14FC92" box="[199,256,815,839]" pageId="12" pageNumber="47">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
Locality
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED22FEC7D76039B33EFC6FC93" box="[366,466,814,838]" name="Curaçao" pageId="12" pageNumber="47">Curaçao</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED22FEC7D76B09B33ECDCFC93" box="[477,712,814,838]" name="Curaçao" pageId="12" pageNumber="47">Netherlands Antilles</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCFB16ED22FEC7D77AA9B4FEA3BFCBE" blockId="12.[151,1437,310,2027]" box="[199,1071,850,875]" pageId="12" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD22FEC7D77AA9B4FEF69FCBE" bold="true" box="[199,381,850,875]" pageId="12" pageNumber="47">Other Material</emphasis>
|
||
: 1, 20.0 mm, dd, beach at Boca Santa Maria,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED22FEC7D74139B4FEDCAFCBF" box="[894,990,850,874]" name="Curaçao" pageId="12" pageNumber="47">Curaçao</collectingCountry>
|
||
, ZMA.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36AE2E5D22FEC7D77AA9B6AEA98FC67" pageId="12" pageNumber="47" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCFB16ED22FEC7D77AA9B6AEA98FC67" blockId="12.[151,1437,310,2027]" pageId="12" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD22FEC7D77AA9B6AEF45FC5A" bold="true" box="[199,337,887,911]" pageId="12" pageNumber="47">Etymology:</emphasis>
|
||
Named for Dr.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD22FEC7D75619B6AEC28FC5B" box="[524,572,887,910]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Pustulatirus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="35" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="epp">Epp</taxonomicName>
|
||
, its discoverer (Melvill, 1891a); Carolus T.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD22FEC7D73559B6AEA71FC5B" box="[1080,1125,887,910]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Pustulatirus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="35" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="epp">Epp</taxonomicName>
|
||
was a pharmacist with
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED22FEC7D72179B6BEF0AFC67" name="Netherlands" pageId="12" pageNumber="47">the Netherlands</collectingCountry>
|
||
West Indian army on
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED22FEC7D75789B87EC66FC67" box="[533,626,922,946]" name="Curaçao" pageId="12" pageNumber="47">Curaçao</collectingCountry>
|
||
from 1876 until 1886 (van der Bijl
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD22FEC7D73699B81EA21FC66" box="[1028,1077,923,947]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="47">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2010).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36AE2E5D22FEC7D77AA9BA3EF4BFC2F" pageId="12" pageNumber="47" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCFB16ED22FEC7D77AA9BA3EF4BFC2F" blockId="12.[151,1437,310,2027]" pageId="12" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD22FEC7D77AA9BA3EF76FC02" bold="true" box="[199,354,958,983]" pageId="12" pageNumber="47">Distribution:</emphasis>
|
||
The species is known only from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED22FEC7D75959BA3ED4CFC03" box="[760,856,958,982]" name="Curaçao" pageId="12" pageNumber="47">Curaçao</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED22FEC7D74059BA3EA43FC03" box="[872,1111,958,982]" name="Curaçao" pageId="12" pageNumber="47">Netherlands Antilles</collectingCountry>
|
||
, where it seems to be both endemic and rare.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36AE2E5D22FEC7C77AA9C1AEEFBFD3A" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="48" pageId="12" pageNumber="47" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCFB16ED22FEC7D77AA9C1AEB88FB07" blockId="12.[151,1437,310,2027]" pageId="12" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD22FEC7D77AA9C1AEF29FBCA" bold="true" box="[199,317,1031,1055]" pageId="12" pageNumber="47">Remarks:</emphasis>
|
||
The authorship of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD22FEC7D75729C1AECBFFBCB" box="[543,683,1031,1054]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="47" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="eppi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD22FEC7D75729C1AECBFFBCB" box="[543,683,1031,1054]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="47">Latirus eppi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has been a subject of debate. The name was attributed solely to Melvill by van Benthem Jutting (1927), Coomans (1958), de Jong and Coomans (1965), Princz (1982), Trew (1987, 1990), Snyder (2003) and Mallard and Robin (2005). Others (Horst & Schepman 1894, Schepman 1916) attributed the name to Schepman and Melvill; and still others (Bullock 1968, de Jong & Coomans 1988, Lyons 1991, Díaz 1995, Rios 2009) attributed authorship to Melvill and Schepman, ‘Melvill y Schapman [
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD22FEC7D73989C8AEB00FB7B" box="[1269,1300,1175,1198]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="47">sic</emphasis>
|
||
]’ (Espinosa
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD22FEC7D77FA9CA1EEDCFB06" box="[151,200,1211,1235]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="47">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 1994, 1995) or, most recently to Melvill and Schepman in Melvill 1891 (van der Bijl
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD22FEC7D73E79CA1EAAFFB06" box="[1162,1211,1211,1235]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="47">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2010, Faber 2010).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCFB16ED22FEC7D77AA9CC3EDFAF8E3" blockId="12.[151,1437,310,2027]" pageId="12" pageNumber="47">
|
||
Melvill (1891), in
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD22FEC7D76F79CFDED15FB22" box="[410,769,1246,1271]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="47">Notes from the Leyden Museum</emphasis>
|
||
described but did not figure
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD22FEC7D73219CC2EAC1FB23" box="[1100,1237,1247,1270]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="47" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="eppi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD22FEC7D73219CC2EAC1FB23" box="[1100,1237,1247,1270]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="47">Latirus eppi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, taking credit for the name which he stated that Schepman had asked him to describe. Melvill's note bears the date “March, 1891,” but that may be when he wrote it; the paper was published in
|
||
<date id="FFCE97AED22FEC7D74F49D3AEA24FAEB" box="[921,1072,1318,1343]" pageId="12" pageNumber="47" value="1891-08">August 1891</date>
|
||
(Dickinson, 2005). In another description (with figure) published the same year in
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD22FEC7D75979D51EF9DFA53" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="47">Memoirs and Proceedings of the Manchester Literary and Philosophical Society</emphasis>
|
||
, Melvill (1891: 394) stated that “Mr. Schepmann [
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD22FEC7D74A89D72EDF0FA53" box="[965,996,1391,1414]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="47">sic</emphasis>
|
||
] unites with me in joint authorship” of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD22FEC7D77FA9D89EF35FA7E" box="[151,289,1428,1451]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="47" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="eppi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD22FEC7D77FA9D89EF35FA7E" box="[151,289,1428,1451]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="47">Latirus eppi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Melvill cited himself as sole author in the caption for the figure of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CB0FCCD22FEC7D730E9D8EEA87FA7E" box="[1123,1171,1427,1451]" pageId="12" pageNumber="47">type</typeStatus>
|
||
(p. 411, pl. 2, fig. 11), while on the same page
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD22FEC7D76C59DAAECC8FA1B" authority="Melvill" authorityName="Melvill" box="[424,732,1462,1486]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Peristernia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="47" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="retiaria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD22FEC7D76C59DAAEC97FA1B" box="[424,643,1463,1486]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="47">Peristernia retiaria</emphasis>
|
||
Melvill
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(pl. 2, fig. 13) was attributed to Melvill and Schepmann [
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD22FEC7D72019DAAEB9FFA1B" box="[1388,1419,1463,1486]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="47">sic</emphasis>
|
||
]. Nothing in the text associates Schepman with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD22FEC7D75C19DC1ED9DFA26" box="[684,905,1500,1523]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Peristernia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="47" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="retiaria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD22FEC7D75C19DC1ED9DFA26" box="[684,905,1500,1523]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="47">Peristernia retiaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, so we surmise that ‘Melvill and Schepmann’ was intended for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD22FEC7D763A9DE2EFCAF9C3" box="[343,478,1535,1558]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="47" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="eppi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD22FEC7D763A9DE2EFCAF9C3" box="[343,478,1535,1558]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="47">Latirus eppi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and ‘Melvill’ was intended for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD22FEC7D74259DE2EA35F9C3" box="[840,1057,1535,1558]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Peristernia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="47" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="retiaria">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD22FEC7D74259DE2EA35F9C3" box="[840,1057,1535,1558]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="47">Peristernia retiaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED22FEC7D73439DE2EA59F9C2" box="[1070,1101,1535,1559]" name="American Samoa" pageId="12" pageNumber="47">As</collectingCountry>
|
||
indicated on its title page, the manuscript for Melvill’s second paper was received on
|
||
<date id="FFCE97AED22FEC7D74649E3FEDACF9EF" box="[777,952,1570,1594]" pageId="12" pageNumber="47" value="1891-03-24">24 March 1891</date>
|
||
, but Rosenberg (2009) cites its publication date as “post-July” of that year, so it too could have been published in August. Article 21.3.1 of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, Fourth Edition (ICZN, 1999) specifies that when the year and month but not the day of publication is known with certainty, the date to be adopted is the last day of the month, and Article 21.3.2 specifies that when neither the day nor the month of publication is known with certainty, the date to be adopted is the last day of the year. In the case at hand, the Code dictates that publication of
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD22FEC7D73779EC5EB6FF93A" box="[1050,1403,1750,1775]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="47">Notes from the Leyden Museum</emphasis>
|
||
be assigned a date of
|
||
<date id="FFCE97AED22FEC7D761D9EE7EC3CF8C7" box="[368,552,1786,1811]" pageId="12" pageNumber="47" value="1891-08-31">31 August 1891</date>
|
||
(i.e., 1891a), and
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD22FEC7D75939EE1EF9EF8E3" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="47">Memoirs and Proceedings of the Manchester Literary and Philosophical Society</emphasis>
|
||
be assigned a date of
|
||
<date id="FFCE97AED22FEC7D75EC9F03ED42F8E3" box="[641,854,1822,1846]" pageId="12" pageNumber="47" value="1891-12-31">31 December 1891</date>
|
||
(i.e., 1891b).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCFB16ED22FEC7D77AA9F5FEB2DF813" blockId="12.[151,1437,310,2027]" pageId="12" pageNumber="47">
|
||
The International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, Fourth Edition (ICZN 1999), Article 50.1 also states in part: “The author of a name … is the person who first publishes it ... in a way that satisfies the criteria of availability.”
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED22FEC7D76409F96EF58F876" box="[301,332,1931,1955]" name="American Samoa" pageId="12" pageNumber="47">As</collectingCountry>
|
||
Melvill is the only author identified in the first publication (1891a),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD22FEC7D73289F91EAD8F876" box="[1093,1228,1932,1955]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="47" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="eppi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD22FEC7D73289F91EAD8F876" box="[1093,1228,1932,1955]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="47">Latirus eppi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
must be attributed solely to Melvill, and efforts to add Schepman’s name as an author are contrary to provisions of the Code.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCFB16ED22FEC7C77AA9FCFEF2BFDE9" blockId="12.[151,1437,310,2027]" lastBlockId="13.[151,1436,151,751]" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="48" pageId="12" pageNumber="47">
|
||
Bullock (1968: 69, pl. 4, fig. 10) figured the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CB0FCCD22FEC7D75AC9FCFED37F83F" box="[705,803,2002,2026]" pageId="12" pageNumber="47" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD22FEC7D74279FC9EDC6F83E" box="[842,978,2004,2027]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="47" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="eppi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD22FEC7D74279FC9EDC6F83E" box="[842,978,2004,2027]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="47">Latirus eppi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which he treated tentatively as a “squat specimen, quite unlike the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CB0FCCD22EEC7C76B99885EC10FF65" box="[468,516,152,176]" pageId="13" pageNumber="48">type</typeStatus>
|
||
specimen of [
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD22EEC7C75DD9884ECABFF65" box="[688,703,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="48">L</emphasis>
|
||
.]
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD22EEC7C75B69884ED5BFF65" box="[731,847,153,176]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="13" pageNumber="48" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="attenuatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD22EEC7C75B69884ED5BFF65" box="[731,847,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="48">attenuatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.” Bullock maintained that “a series of intergrades appear to exist between the two forms,” but he conceded that further study could result in their separation. Bullock may have been confused by the figure that Melvill (1891b) provided for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD22EEC7C74A898FCEA07FF2D" box="[965,1043,225,248]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="13" pageNumber="48" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="eppi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD22EEC7C74A898FCEA07FF2D" box="[965,1043,225,248]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="48">L. eppi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; the shell in that figure looks more like a specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD22EEC7C76159918EC05FEC9" box="[376,529,261,284]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Pustulatirus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="13" pageNumber="48" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="virginensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD22EEC7C76159918EC05FEC9" box="[376,529,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="48">P. virginensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
than it does the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CB0FCCD22EEC7C75B69919ED29FEC9" box="[731,829,260,284]" pageId="13" pageNumber="48" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
and other material of
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD22EEC7C732B9918EA85FEC9" box="[1094,1169,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="48">P. e p p i</emphasis>
|
||
as figured by Bullock (1968), Lyons (1991), van der Bijl
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD22EEC7C75709934EC41FE95" box="[541,597,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="48">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2010), Faber (2010) and herein. Those shells certainly are not conspecific with
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD22EEC7C77A29950EF75FEB1" box="[207,353,333,356]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="48">P. v i rg i n e n s i s</emphasis>
|
||
. Melvill’s figure also may have influenced Mallard and Robin (2005) to misidentify a shell of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD22EEC7C72EA9950EF05FE5D" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Pustulatirus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="13" pageNumber="48" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="virginensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD22EEC7C72EA9950EF05FE5D" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="48">P. virginensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED22EEC7C7638996DEFCEFE52" box="[341,474,367,391]" name="Puerto Rico" pageId="13" pageNumber="48">Puerto Rico</collectingCountry>
|
||
as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD22EEC7C756D996CEC59FE5D" box="[512,589,369,392]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="13" pageNumber="48" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="eppi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD22EEC7C756D996CEC59FE5D" box="[512,589,369,392]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="48">L. eppi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Shells of
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD22EEC7C75AB996CED4CFE5D" box="[710,856,369,392]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="48">P. vi rgi ne n s is</emphasis>
|
||
are larger, relatively more slender, seldom occur in a single color, and usually have more elevated ribs crossed by more prominent spiral cords than do shells of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD22EEC7C72279988EB81FE79" box="[1354,1429,405,428]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="13" pageNumber="48" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="eppi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD22EEC7C72279988EB81FE79" box="[1354,1429,405,428]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="48">P. eppi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Dr. José Espinosa kindly provided a photograph of a specimen that had been reported as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD22EEC7C73E999A4EB19FE05" box="[1156,1293,441,464]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="13" pageNumber="48" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="eppi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD22EEC7C73E999A4EB19FE05" box="[1156,1293,441,464]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="48">Latirus eppi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Cuban waters (Espinosa
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD22EEC7C763199C0EF81FE21" box="[348,405,476,500]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="48">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1994, Espinosa
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD22EEC7C752399C0EC94FE21" box="[590,640,476,500]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="48">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 1995); that specimen proved to be
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD22EEC7C737E99C0EABDFE21" box="[1043,1193,477,500]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Pustulatirus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="13" pageNumber="48" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="virginensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD22EEC7C737E99C0EABDFE21" box="[1043,1193,477,500]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="48">P. virginensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
of a small, dark form with white ribs that is rather common in the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED22EEC7C75FA99E2ECE7FDC2" box="[663,755,511,535]" name="Bahamas" pageId="13" pageNumber="48">Bahama</collectingCountry>
|
||
Islands; we illustrate a similar shell (ANSP 449719) in our
|
||
<figureCitation id="134BADEBD22EEC7C77FA9A39EF28FDE9" box="[151,316,548,572]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 37" captionStartId="9.[151,263,1582,1605]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,176,1560]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,161,1561]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 37. New World Pustulatirus species. 1 – 4. Pustulatirus mediamericanus (Hertlein and Strong, 1951). 1 – 3. ANSP 449744, 50.0 mm, off Cebaco Island, Panamá, 36.6 m. 4. Same specimen, protoconch. 5 – 7. Turbinella attenuata Reeve, 1847. Holotype, NHMUK 196735, 31.1 mm, locality unknown. 8 – 11. Latirus virginensis Abbott, 1958. 8 - 9. Holotype, ANSP 196459, 34.2 mm, St. Thomas, U. S. Virgin Islands. 10 – 11. Paratype, ANSP 34969, 26.6 mm West Indies. 12 – 13. Latirus karinae Nowell- Usticke, 1969. Lectotype, AMNH 198490, 32.7 mm, Puerto Rico. 14 – 30. Pustulatirus virginensis. 14. ANSP 449754, 41.4 mm, Las Galeras, Samana, Dominican Republic. 15. ANSP 449714, 52.7 mm, off St. Thomas, U. S. Virgin Islands. 16. ANSP 449713, 47.7 mm, St. Thomas. 17. AMNH 191464, 50.5 mm, St. Johns, Antigua. 18. ANSP 449712, 34.7 mm, off Guadeloupe, 30 - 50 m. 19 – 21. ANSP 449717, 32.6 mm, off St. Barthelemy, 100 m. 22. ANSP 249155, 29.4 mm, off East Point, Anegada Island. 23. ANSP 35033, 38.5 mm, shell figured as Latirus elegans (Gray) by Kaicher (1986), locality unknown. 24. ANSP 449716, 27.1 mm, north of Sandy Cay, West End, Grand Bahama Island, 15 - 17 m. 25. ANSP 449715, 30.0 mm, Castillo, Duarte, Dominican Republic, 1.2 m. 26. ANSP 449720, 30.6 mm, Little St. James Island, U. S. Virgin Islands, 7.3 m. 27 – 28. ANSP 449719, 20.7 mm, Bimini, Bahamas. 29 – 30. ANSP 449718, 26.7 mm, Little St. James Island, 8.3 m. 31. Hemipolygona carinifera (Lamarck, 1816). Shell erroneously labeled “ Latirus annulatus ” in Melvill-Tomlin Collection; NMWC photo. 32 – 37. Pustulatirus utilaensis new species. 32 – 34. Holotype, ANSP 449739, 29.2 mm, off Sandy Key Reef, Utila, Honduras. 35. Paratype, ANSP 449664, 26.6 mm, southwest coast of Utila. 36 – 37. Paratype, ANSP 449659, 31.6 mm, Roatán." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/283573/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="48">Figures 27–28</figureCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCFB16ED22EEC7C77AA9A55EEFBFD3A" blockId="13.[151,1436,151,751]" pageId="13" pageNumber="48">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD22EEC7C77AA9A55EF9FFDB5" box="[199,395,584,608]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Pustulatirus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="13" pageNumber="48" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="eppi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD22EEC7C77AA9A55EF9FFDB5" box="[199,395,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="48">Pustulatirus eppi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
seems limited to waters around
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F367F1FED22EEC7C74629A5AED64FD8A" box="[783,880,583,607]" name="Curaçao" pageId="13" pageNumber="48">Curaçao</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Most applications of its name (see synonymy) either have been reiterations of a few early records or misidentifications, including a new species described in the next account but also including a previously named species (see remarks for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD22EEC7C74989A8CEA9EFD7D" box="[1013,1162,657,680]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Pustulatirus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="13" pageNumber="48" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="virginensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD22EEC7C74989A8CEA9EFD7D" box="[1013,1162,657,680]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="48">P. virginensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Of the many Brazilian shells that we have seen offered for sale as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C70CAEDD22EEC7C75FB9AA8ED35FD19" box="[662,801,693,716]" class="Gastropoda" family="Fasciolariidae" genus="Latirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="13" pageNumber="48" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="eppi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9046D7CD22EEC7C75FB9AA8ED35FD19" box="[662,801,693,716]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="48">Latirus eppi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
during the past decade, all have proved to be the new species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |