288 lines
40 KiB
XML
288 lines
40 KiB
XML
<document id="325E4B4169D7C1B4CE4CBECB036A4304" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.177153" ID-GBIF-Dataset="bd091955-3575-4f94-ba26-c3eeb6371dc4" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="177153" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459852081654" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Correia, Leny Célia Da Silva & Trivinho-Strixino, Susana" docDate="2007" docId="03B84253FFEF0C68FF2649ADFB849B9C" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01504p068.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1504" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0.4:Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleId="6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Chironomus phytophilus Correia & Trivinho-Strixino, 2007, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="63" masterDocId="FF813A2BFFE70C62FFB14F02FFEC9836" masterDocTitle="New species of Chironomus Meigen (Diptera: Chironomidae: Chironominae) from Brazil" masterLastPageNumber="68" masterPageNumber="53" pageNumber="61" updateTime="1698225380310" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="AAC9110D04662236BC28E83185A80984" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="70FF37BFD31E266CC4F6FD8CAE193B15">
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<mods:title id="AA5423E2A506D2EA8B72F2D2698EDAE2">New species of Chironomus Meigen (Diptera: Chironomidae: Chironominae) from Brazil</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="B0F24DED1FAC0BDAF60DF10461007967" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="1AC856679A492B7541C20FF26D5B4B83">
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<mods:roleTerm id="5DD149E282B1216BF7BD57574AB7C577">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="4FFC7D09630E18D04FCB62DEE678AF9F">Correia, Leny Célia Da Silva</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="72596163D281F47F0ED840B9CB24E0DD" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="90597394F60E4BFFDDE5A6B3FC028905">
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<mods:roleTerm id="BD52EC31BA94F56E6B3D65FA09B83BB6">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="23822C7F9BA592E764DD1A0D4886BA7E">Trivinho-Strixino, Susana</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="6948F89C9E700C74804B6B88D7E0D32F">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem id="AA5871012325598A5152E3B09A6A85C4" type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo id="2415655252887F82A6693A0354AF0B36">
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<mods:title id="BD540AE5388834AD7EA93935E80F4528">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="8344597E101729EB72A8D54A06B6944D">
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<mods:date id="0E2D5127DFA496D99696D0C4CCA411D8">2007</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="8246342048E4470471715B136111AE81" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="89DB505059CE10C3A23666C222B0C7C6">1504</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="37E7079AFAF0BE2059C16098914E1839">53</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="1D0816FF8C80B242CAC4B24D6EB84A08">68</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification id="D41373D8B314BFCCFFCCD569211C9BFF">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="8A989866EB1152C6523950D315579FE7" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.177153</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="5F55611C5165E468D52285DA2DE11641" type="GBIF-Dataset">bd091955-3575-4f94-ba26-c3eeb6371dc4</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="3CCF242D03A2341FE10195CC1375D1E7" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="25263C2CC5A3E04D722F8BDA49E358FE" type="Zenodo-Dep">177153</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03B84253FFEF0C68FF2649ADFB849B9C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6251262" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119362567" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6251262" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B84253FFEF0C68FF2649ADFB849B9C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B84253FFEF0C68FF2649ADFB849B9C" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="63" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">
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<subSubSection id="C30BA0CEFFEF0C6AFF2649ADFDD09EDA" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BAEF345FFEF0C6AFF2649ADFDE19EFF" blockId="8.[151,572,1711,1772]" box="[151,525,1711,1737]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">
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<heading id="D0E64429FFEF0C6AFF2649ADFDE19EFF" bold="true" box="[151,525,1711,1737]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B9652F57FFEF0C6AFF2649ADFDE19EFF" bold="true" box="[151,525,1711,1737]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1188C6FFEF0C6AFF2649ADFE289EFF" ID-CoL="5XV4S" box="[151,452,1711,1737]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Chironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="phytophilus" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B9652F57FFEF0C6AFF2649ADFE289EFF" bold="true" box="[151,452,1711,1737]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">Chironomus phytophilus</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A256922CFFEF0C6AFE7A49ADFDE19EFF" box="[459,525,1711,1737]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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||
</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BAEF345FFEF0C6AFF2649D0FDD09EDA" blockId="8.[151,572,1711,1772]" box="[151,572,1746,1772]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">
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||
(
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||
<figureCitation id="132AEFC0FFEF0C6AFF2E49D0FEC19EDA" box="[159,301,1746,1772]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 11" captionStartId="2.[151,269,1926,1950]" captionTargetBox="[224,1371,317,1891]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[222,1373,317,1899]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 11. Males of Chironomus detriticola sp. n. (3, 7); C. antonioi sp. n. (1, 4, 8); C. phytophilus sp. n. (2, 5, 9); C. oliveirai sp. n. (6, 10); and C. fittkaui sp. n. (11). 1 – 2. Dorsal aspect of thorax. 3 – 6. Dorsal aspect of abdomen. 7 – 11. Fore-, mid-, and hind legs." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/177154/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">Figs. 2, 5, 9</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="132AEFC0FFEF0C6AFE8B49D0FE699EDA" box="[314,389,1746,1772]" captionStart="FIGURES 12 – 21" captionStartId="3.[151,269,1744,1768]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,197,1720]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,194,1720]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 12 – 21. Males of Chironomus detriticola sp. n. (12 – 13); C. antonioi sp. n. (14 – 15); C. phytophilus sp. n. (16 – 17); C. oliveirai sp. n. (18 – 19); and C. fittkaui sp. n. (20 – 21). 12, 14, 16, 18, 20. Hypopygium. 13, 15, 17, 19, 21. Superior volsella, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/177155/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">16, 17</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="132AEFC0FFEF0C6AFE2349D0FE319EDA" box="[402,477,1746,1772]" captionStart="FIGURES 22 – 29" captionStartId="5.[151,269,1912,1936]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,354,1886]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[156,1431,354,1888]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 22 – 29. Pupae of Chironomus detriticola sp. n. (22); C. antonioi sp. n. (23); C. phytophilus sp. n. (24 – 26); C. oliveirai sp. n. (27 – 28); and C. fittkaui sp. n. (29). 22, 23, 26, 28, 29. Anal spur. 24. Dorsocentrals (Dc 1 and Dc 2, 3, 4). 25, 27. Abdomen." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/177156/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">24–26</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="132AEFC0FFEF0C6AFE5849D0FDD99EDA" box="[489,565,1746,1772]" captionStart="FIGURES 30 – 58" captionStartId="6.[151,269,1902,1926]" captionTargetBox="[233,1366,194,1890]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[233,1367,194,1893]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 30 – 58. Larvae of Chironomus detriticola sp. n. (30 – 35); C. antonioi sp. n. (36 – 41); C. phytophilus sp. n. (42 – 46); C. oliveirai sp. n. (47 – 52); and C. fittkaui sp. n. (53 – 58). 30, 36, 42, 48, 54. Antenna. 31, 37, 43, 49, 55. Pecten epipharyngis. 32, 38, 44, 50, 56. Premandible. 33, 39, 45, 51, 57. Labral seta. 34, 40. Mandible. 35, 41, 46, 52, 58. Mentum and ventromental plate. 47, 53. Postmentum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/177157/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">42–46</figureCitation>
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||
)
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C30BA0CEFFEF0C6AFF264820FB3E9FBA" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="8BAEF345FFEF0C6AFF264820FB3E9FBA" blockId="8.[151,1436,1826,2012]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">
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||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFEF0C6AFF264820FEA69F0A" bold="true" box="[151,330,1826,1852]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">
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<typeStatus id="54AA4DE7FFEF0C6AFF264820FF3E9F0A" box="[151,210,1826,1852]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">Type</typeStatus>
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material.
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</emphasis>
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<typeStatus id="54AA4DE7FFEF0C6AFEE54820FE2D9F0A" box="[340,449,1826,1852]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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male with pupal and larval exuviae.
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<collectingCountry id="F306B3D5FFEF0C6AFCC14820FC259F0A" box="[880,969,1826,1852]" name="Brazil" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
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: São Paulo, Brotas, Dourada Reservoir,
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<date id="FFAFD585FFEF0C6AFF264848FEF39F52" box="[151,287,1866,1892]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" value="2002-12-12">12.xii.2002</date>
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, F.O. Roque (
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<collectionCode id="ED006B80FFEF0C6AFE794848FDEB9F52" box="[456,519,1866,1892]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">LEA</collectionCode>
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).
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<typeStatus id="54AA4DE7FFEF0C6AFDAC4848FD789F52" box="[541,660,1866,1892]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
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:
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<specimenCount id="9D1738CCFFEF0C6AFD104848FD1F9F52" box="[673,755,1866,1892]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
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with pupal and larval exuviae, as
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<typeStatus id="54AA4DE7FFEF0C6AFB254848FB129F52" box="[1172,1278,1866,1892]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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;
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<specimenCount id="9D1738CCFFEF0C6AFABC4848FAB29F52" box="[1293,1374,1866,1892]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
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with pupal exuviae,
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<specimenCount id="9D1738CCFFEF0C6AFEF84870FE459FBA" box="[329,425,1906,1932]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" type="larva">4 larvae</specimenCount>
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, as
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<typeStatus id="54AA4DE7FFEF0C6AFE644870FDD09FBA" box="[469,572,1906,1932]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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except
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<date id="FFAFD585FFEF0C6AFD274870FCE29FBA" box="[662,782,1906,1932]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" value="2003-10-10">10.x.2003</date>
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, S. Trivinho-Strixino (
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<collectionCode id="ED006B80FFEF0C6AFBA44870FBBF9FBA" box="[1045,1107,1906,1932]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">LEA</collectionCode>
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,
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<collectionCode id="ED006B80FFEF0C6AFBEE4870FB2A9FBA" box="[1119,1222,1906,1932]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">MZUSP</collectionCode>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C30BA0CEFFEF0C6BFF774898FA7099F9" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="62" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="8BAEF345FFEF0C6AFF774898FE649FEA" blockId="8.[151,1436,1826,2012]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">
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<emphasis id="B9652F57FFEF0C6AFF774898FEBF9F82" bold="true" box="[198,339,1946,1972]" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">Etymology.</emphasis>
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From Greek
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<emphasis id="B9652F57FFEF0C6AFE4B4899FDA69F82" box="[506,586,1947,1972]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">phyton</emphasis>
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meaning plant and
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<emphasis id="B9652F57FFEF0C6AFC8F4899FC699F82" box="[830,901,1947,1972]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">philos</emphasis>
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meaning beloved, referring to the preferred habitat of the larvae.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BAEF345FFEE0C6BFF774F95FA7099F9" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,2035]" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">
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<emphasis id="B9652F57FFEE0C6BFF774F95FE309887" bold="true" box="[198,476,151,177]" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Diagnostic characters.</emphasis>
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The male can be distinguished from other Neotropical
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<taxonomicName id="4C1188C6FFEE0C6BFBD04F9AFB1D9887" box="[1121,1265,152,177]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Chironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B9652F57FFEE0C6BFBD04F9AFB1D9887" box="[1121,1265,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Chironomus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species on the yellowish brown legs with tarsi, tibia and distal third of femur of foreleg dark brown, ta2–5 and distal third of ta1 of mid- and hind legs dark brown; and the yellowish brown abdomen with tergites I–V with distal brown bands. The pupa differs from other described pupae of Neotropical species by having strong spines near the posterior margin of tergites V–VI. The larva can be distinguished from other Neotropical species by the following combination of characters: abdomen without lateral tubules, with 2 pairs of rather long ventral tubules; postmentum and frontoclypeus without pigmentation; mentum with slightly incised trifid median tooth; antennal blade surpassing segment five; premandible with 4–5 dark teeth; and mandible with three inner teeth.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C30BA0CEFFEE0C68FF774EDFFE769994" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="63" pageId="9" pageNumber="62" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BAEF345FFEE0C6BFF774EDFFEB199C1" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,2035]" box="[198,349,477,503]" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">
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<emphasis id="B9652F57FFEE0C6BFF774EDFFEEA99C1" bold="true" box="[198,262,477,503]" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Male</emphasis>
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(n = 3)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BAEF345FFEE0C6BFF744D07FCBB9A89" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,2035]" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">
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Length [4.1]
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<quantity id="4CE95EA0FFEE0C6BFED24D07FE1B9A29" box="[355,503,517,543]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.05" metricValueMax="4.2" metricValueMin="3.9" pageId="9" pageNumber="62" unit="mm" value="4.05" valueMax="4.2" valueMin="3.9">3.9–4.2 mm</quantity>
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. Coloration: head yellowish brown, flagellum and maxillary palp pale brown. Thorax (
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<figureCitation id="132AEFC0FFEE0C6BFF4A4D2FFEAF9A71" box="[251,323,557,583]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 11" captionStartId="2.[151,269,1926,1950]" captionTargetBox="[224,1371,317,1891]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[222,1373,317,1899]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 11. Males of Chironomus detriticola sp. n. (3, 7); C. antonioi sp. n. (1, 4, 8); C. phytophilus sp. n. (2, 5, 9); C. oliveirai sp. n. (6, 10); and C. fittkaui sp. n. (11). 1 – 2. Dorsal aspect of thorax. 3 – 6. Dorsal aspect of abdomen. 7 – 11. Fore-, mid-, and hind legs." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/177154/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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), yellowish brown with brown mesonotal stripes. Sternum yellowish brown; scutellum yellowish; postnotum brownish, darkened in posterior portion. Abdomen (
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<figureCitation id="132AEFC0FFEE0C6BFC194D57FC039A59" box="[936,1007,597,623]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 11" captionStartId="2.[151,269,1926,1950]" captionTargetBox="[224,1371,317,1891]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[222,1373,317,1899]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 11. Males of Chironomus detriticola sp. n. (3, 7); C. antonioi sp. n. (1, 4, 8); C. phytophilus sp. n. (2, 5, 9); C. oliveirai sp. n. (6, 10); and C. fittkaui sp. n. (11). 1 – 2. Dorsal aspect of thorax. 3 – 6. Dorsal aspect of abdomen. 7 – 11. Fore-, mid-, and hind legs." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/177154/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
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), yellowish brown; tergites I–V with distal brown bands. Legs (
|
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<figureCitation id="132AEFC0FFEE0C6BFE784D7FFDFD9AA1" box="[457,529,637,663]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 11" captionStartId="2.[151,269,1926,1950]" captionTargetBox="[224,1371,317,1891]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[222,1373,317,1899]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 11. Males of Chironomus detriticola sp. n. (3, 7); C. antonioi sp. n. (1, 4, 8); C. phytophilus sp. n. (2, 5, 9); C. oliveirai sp. n. (6, 10); and C. fittkaui sp. n. (11). 1 – 2. Dorsal aspect of thorax. 3 – 6. Dorsal aspect of abdomen. 7 – 11. Fore-, mid-, and hind legs." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/177154/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
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), yellowish brown; tarsi, tibia and distal third of femur of foreleg dark brown; ta2–5 and distal third of ta1 of mid- and hind legs dark brown.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BAEF345FFEE0C6BFF744DD3FC269B55" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,2035]" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFEE0C6BFF744DD3FEE09ADC" box="[197,268,721,746]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Head.</emphasis>
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Flagellum [1133]
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||
<date id="FFAFD585FFEE0C6BFE5F4DD3FD9E9ADD" box="[494,626,721,747]" pageId="9" pageNumber="62" value="1003" valueMax="1185">1003–1185</date>
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µm long; AR = [3.19] 3.01–3.19. Palpomere 2–5 lengths (in µm): [34] 28–37, [120] 117–123, [139] 133–148, [191] 191–207. Frontal tubercles [11] 8–17 µm long, about 2 times as long as wide. Dorsal and ventral interocular distance [117] 111–117 µm and [209] 179–209 µm, respectively. Temporal setae [24] 12–24. Clypeus with [7] 7–19 setae.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BAEF345FFEE0C6BFF744C73FE939BED" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,2035]" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">
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||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFEE0C6BFF744C73FECD9BBC" box="[197,289,881,906]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Thorax.</emphasis>
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Acrostichals [6] 6–7; partly biserial, beginning near antepronotum; dorsocentrals [7] 6–7, partly biserial; prealars [5] 4–5; supraalar [1] 1. Scutellum with [2] 2–5, uniserial, transversally arranged setae. Scutal tubercle low.
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</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAEF345FFEE0C6BFF744CEBFE8E9CB6" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,2035]" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFEE0C6BFF744CEBFEEB9C34" box="[197,263,1001,1026]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Wing.</emphasis>
|
||
Length [2.31]
|
||
<quantity id="4CE95EA0FFEE0C6BFE714CEBFD9E9C35" box="[448,626,1001,1027]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.335" metricValueMax="2.49" metricValueMin="2.18" pageId="9" pageNumber="62" unit="mm" value="2.335" valueMax="2.49" valueMin="2.18">2.18–2.49 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Membrane transparent, without setae; most veins pale brown; RM brown, darker than FCu. Brachiolum with [3] 3 setae, R with [28] 28–30 setae, R1 with [18] 10–18 setae, R4+5 with [26] 11–26 setae in distal 1/2. Squama with [11] 11 setae. R2+3 ends halfway between R1 and R4+5. VR = [1.09] 1.02–1.09.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAEF345FFEE0C6BFF744B8DFE659CE5" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,2035]" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFEE0C6BFF744B8DFEE89C9E" box="[197,260,1167,1192]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Legs.</emphasis>
|
||
Mid- and hind ta1 with [8] 4–9 and [9] 6–11 sensilla chaetica, respectively. Lengths and proportions of legs as in Table 3.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAEF345FFEE0C6BFF744BE3FE279D45" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,2035]" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFEE0C6BFF744BE3FEB79CCC" box="[197,347,1249,1274]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Hypopygium</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="132AEFC0FFEE0C6BFEDD4BE3FE299CCD" box="[364,453,1249,1275]" captionStart="FIGURES 12 – 21" captionStartId="3.[151,269,1744,1768]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,197,1720]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,194,1720]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 12 – 21. Males of Chironomus detriticola sp. n. (12 – 13); C. antonioi sp. n. (14 – 15); C. phytophilus sp. n. (16 – 17); C. oliveirai sp. n. (18 – 19); and C. fittkaui sp. n. (20 – 21). 12, 14, 16, 18, 20. Hypopygium. 13, 15, 17, 19, 21. Superior volsella, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/177155/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
|
||
). Anal tergal bands fully enclosing [8] 8–9 strong setae. Anal point parallel-sided. Superior volsella (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132AEFC0FFEE0C6BFEDC4A0BFE169D15" box="[365,506,1289,1315]" captionStart="FIGURES 12 – 21" captionStartId="3.[151,269,1744,1768]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,197,1720]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,194,1720]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 12 – 21. Males of Chironomus detriticola sp. n. (12 – 13); C. antonioi sp. n. (14 – 15); C. phytophilus sp. n. (16 – 17); C. oliveirai sp. n. (18 – 19); and C. fittkaui sp. n. (20 – 21). 12, 14, 16, 18, 20. Hypopygium. 13, 15, 17, 19, 21. Superior volsella, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/177155/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Figs. 16, 17</figureCitation>
|
||
), narrow, slightly curved; basal lobe with [14] 9–14 long setae. Inferior volsella elongate, extending slightly beyond mid-point of gonostylus. Gonostylus large, [183] 168–185 µm long; with [5] 5 inner marginal setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAEF345FFEE0C6BFF744A83FEB29DAD" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,2035]" box="[197,350,1409,1435]" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFEE0C6BFF744A83FEEA9DAD" bold="true" box="[197,262,1409,1435]" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Pupa</emphasis>
|
||
(n = 3)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAEF345FFEE0C6BFF744AABFC939DF5" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,2035]" box="[197,895,1449,1475]" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Length of abdomen [5.0] 4.8–5.0 mm. Exuviae pale brown.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAEF345FFEE0C6BFF744AD3FE2C9E0D" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,2035]" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFEE0C6BFF744AD3FE909DDC" box="[197,380,1489,1514]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Cephalothorax.</emphasis>
|
||
Cephalic tubercles conical; frontal setae [35] 32–35 µm long. Thorax granulose in anteromedian dorsal region; scutal tubercle present; lateral antepronotals 2, precorneals 2, dorsocentrals 4. Dc1 and Dc2, 3, 4 as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="132AEFC0FFEE0C6BFEF64923FE509E0D" box="[327,444,1569,1595]" captionStart="FIGURES 22 – 29" captionStartId="5.[151,269,1912,1936]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,354,1886]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[156,1431,354,1888]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 22 – 29. Pupae of Chironomus detriticola sp. n. (22); C. antonioi sp. n. (23); C. phytophilus sp. n. (24 – 26); C. oliveirai sp. n. (27 – 28); and C. fittkaui sp. n. (29). 22, 23, 26, 28, 29. Anal spur. 24. Dorsocentrals (Dc 1 and Dc 2, 3, 4). 25, 27. Abdomen." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/177156/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Figure 24</figureCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAEF345FFEE0C6BFF74494BFE509F1D" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,2035]" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFEE0C6BFF74494BFED89E54" box="[197,308,1609,1634]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="132AEFC0FFEE0C6BFEF3494BFE779E55" box="[322,411,1609,1635]" captionStart="FIGURES 22 – 29" captionStartId="5.[151,269,1912,1936]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,354,1886]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[156,1431,354,1888]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 22 – 29. Pupae of Chironomus detriticola sp. n. (22); C. antonioi sp. n. (23); C. phytophilus sp. n. (24 – 26); C. oliveirai sp. n. (27 – 28); and C. fittkaui sp. n. (29). 22, 23, 26, 28, 29. Anal spur. 24. Dorsocentrals (Dc 1 and Dc 2, 3, 4). 25, 27. Abdomen." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/177156/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Fig. 25</figureCitation>
|
||
). Tergites V–VI with strong spines near posterior margin, T VII with fine shagreenation near anterior margin, T VIII with pair of posteromedian patches of shagreen. Conjunctives IV/V and V/VI with fine shagreenation. Hook row continuous, occupying 1/2 width of segment II. Pedes spurii B present on segment II. Pedes spurii A present on segment IV. Spur on segment VIII with 1–2 apical teeth (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132AEFC0FFEE0C6BFB4849C3FABD9EED" box="[1273,1361,1729,1755]" captionStart="FIGURES 22 – 29" captionStartId="5.[151,269,1912,1936]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,354,1886]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[156,1431,354,1888]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 22 – 29. Pupae of Chironomus detriticola sp. n. (22); C. antonioi sp. n. (23); C. phytophilus sp. n. (24 – 26); C. oliveirai sp. n. (27 – 28); and C. fittkaui sp. n. (29). 22, 23, 26, 28, 29. Anal spur. 24. Dorsocentrals (Dc 1 and Dc 2, 3, 4). 25, 27. Abdomen." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/177156/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Fig. 26</figureCitation>
|
||
). Segments I–IV with 0, 3, 3, 3 L setae; segments V–VIII with 4, 4, 4, 5 taeniae. Anal lobe with about [140] 137– 140 taeniate fringe setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAEF345FFEE0C6BFF74483BFE329F65" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,2035]" box="[197,478,1849,1875]" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFEE0C6BFF74483BFE6A9F65" bold="true" box="[197,390,1849,1875]" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">4th instar larva</emphasis>
|
||
(n = 6)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAEF345FFEE0C6BFF744863FEAF9F95" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,2035]" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">
|
||
Total length 8.8–9.5,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE95EA0FFEE0C6BFE0E4863FDF19F4D" box="[447,541,1889,1915]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.6" pageId="9" pageNumber="62" unit="mm" value="8.6">8.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Coloration: body red; head yellowish, postmentum and frontoclypeus without dark areas.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAEF345FFEE0C68FF7448B3FC099964" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,2035]" lastBlockId="10.[151,1436,152,938]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="63" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFEE0C6BFF7448B3FEE09FFC" box="[197,268,1969,1994]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Head.</emphasis>
|
||
Ventral head length [267] 267–273, 271 µm; head width [502] 469–525, 509 µm. Antenna (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132AEFC0FFEE0C6BFADD48B3FF549FC5" captionStart="FIGURES 30 – 58" captionStartId="6.[151,269,1902,1926]" captionTargetBox="[233,1366,194,1890]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[233,1367,194,1893]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 30 – 58. Larvae of Chironomus detriticola sp. n. (30 – 35); C. antonioi sp. n. (36 – 41); C. phytophilus sp. n. (42 – 46); C. oliveirai sp. n. (47 – 52); and C. fittkaui sp. n. (53 – 58). 30, 36, 42, 48, 54. Antenna. 31, 37, 43, 49, 55. Pecten epipharyngis. 32, 38, 44, 50, 56. Premandible. 33, 39, 45, 51, 57. Labral seta. 34, 40. Mandible. 35, 41, 46, 52, 58. Mentum and ventromental plate. 47, 53. Postmentum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/177157/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="62">Fig. 42</figureCitation>
|
||
), [221] 191–225, 207 µm long; AR = [1.65] 1.34–1.68, 1.54; ring organ near base; antennal blade surpassing segment five. Pecten epipharyngis (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132AEFC0FFED0C68FDDF4F9AFD2B9884" box="[622,711,152,178]" captionStart="FIGURES 30 – 58" captionStartId="6.[151,269,1902,1926]" captionTargetBox="[233,1366,194,1890]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[233,1367,194,1893]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 30 – 58. Larvae of Chironomus detriticola sp. n. (30 – 35); C. antonioi sp. n. (36 – 41); C. phytophilus sp. n. (42 – 46); C. oliveirai sp. n. (47 – 52); and C. fittkaui sp. n. (53 – 58). 30, 36, 42, 48, 54. Antenna. 31, 37, 43, 49, 55. Pecten epipharyngis. 32, 38, 44, 50, 56. Premandible. 33, 39, 45, 51, 57. Labral seta. 34, 40. Mandible. 35, 41, 46, 52, 58. Mentum and ventromental plate. 47, 53. Postmentum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/177157/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="63">Fig. 43</figureCitation>
|
||
), simple, consisting of about 11 subequal teeth. Premandible (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132AEFC0FFED0C68FF2E4FC2FF1B98EC" box="[159,247,192,218]" captionStart="FIGURES 30 – 58" captionStartId="6.[151,269,1902,1926]" captionTargetBox="[233,1366,194,1890]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[233,1367,194,1893]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 30 – 58. Larvae of Chironomus detriticola sp. n. (30 – 35); C. antonioi sp. n. (36 – 41); C. phytophilus sp. n. (42 – 46); C. oliveirai sp. n. (47 – 52); and C. fittkaui sp. n. (53 – 58). 30, 36, 42, 48, 54. Antenna. 31, 37, 43, 49, 55. Pecten epipharyngis. 32, 38, 44, 50, 56. Premandible. 33, 39, 45, 51, 57. Labral seta. 34, 40. Mandible. 35, 41, 46, 52, 58. Mentum and ventromental plate. 47, 53. Postmentum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/177157/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="63">Fig. 44</figureCitation>
|
||
), with 4–5 dark teeth and well-developed brush. SI (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132AEFC0FFED0C68FCEC4FC2FC5A98EC" box="[861,950,192,218]" captionStart="FIGURES 30 – 58" captionStartId="6.[151,269,1902,1926]" captionTargetBox="[233,1366,194,1890]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[233,1367,194,1893]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 30 – 58. Larvae of Chironomus detriticola sp. n. (30 – 35); C. antonioi sp. n. (36 – 41); C. phytophilus sp. n. (42 – 46); C. oliveirai sp. n. (47 – 52); and C. fittkaui sp. n. (53 – 58). 30, 36, 42, 48, 54. Antenna. 31, 37, 43, 49, 55. Pecten epipharyngis. 32, 38, 44, 50, 56. Premandible. 33, 39, 45, 51, 57. Labral seta. 34, 40. Mandible. 35, 41, 46, 52, 58. Mentum and ventromental plate. 47, 53. Postmentum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/177157/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="63">Fig. 45</figureCitation>
|
||
), plumose. Mandible (as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="132AEFC0FFED0C68FB4D4FC2FABF98EC" box="[1276,1363,192,218]" captionStart="FIGURES 30 – 58" captionStartId="6.[151,269,1902,1926]" captionTargetBox="[233,1366,194,1890]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[233,1367,194,1893]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 30 – 58. Larvae of Chironomus detriticola sp. n. (30 – 35); C. antonioi sp. n. (36 – 41); C. phytophilus sp. n. (42 – 46); C. oliveirai sp. n. (47 – 52); and C. fittkaui sp. n. (53 – 58). 30, 36, 42, 48, 54. Antenna. 31, 37, 43, 49, 55. Pecten epipharyngis. 32, 38, 44, 50, 56. Premandible. 33, 39, 45, 51, 57. Labral seta. 34, 40. Mandible. 35, 41, 46, 52, 58. Mentum and ventromental plate. 47, 53. Postmentum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/177157/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="63">Fig. 40</figureCitation>
|
||
), with yellowish brown dorsal tooth; apical and two inner teeth blackish; inner margin with 2 spines. Mentum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132AEFC0FFED0C68FADD4FEAFF54991C" captionStart="FIGURES 30 – 58" captionStartId="6.[151,269,1902,1926]" captionTargetBox="[233,1366,194,1890]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[233,1367,194,1893]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 30 – 58. Larvae of Chironomus detriticola sp. n. (30 – 35); C. antonioi sp. n. (36 – 41); C. phytophilus sp. n. (42 – 46); C. oliveirai sp. n. (47 – 52); and C. fittkaui sp. n. (53 – 58). 30, 36, 42, 48, 54. Antenna. 31, 37, 43, 49, 55. Pecten epipharyngis. 32, 38, 44, 50, 56. Premandible. 33, 39, 45, 51, 57. Labral seta. 34, 40. Mandible. 35, 41, 46, 52, 58. Mentum and ventromental plate. 47, 53. Postmentum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/177157/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="63">Fig. 46</figureCitation>
|
||
), with slightly incised, partially trifid median tooth; and 6 pairs of blackish, lateral teeth. Ventromental plates separated by about 1/5 width of mentum, anterior margin smooth.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAEF345FFED0C68FF744E62FE769994" blockId="10.[151,1436,152,938]" pageId="10" pageNumber="63">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFED0C68FF744E62FED0994F" box="[197,316,352,377]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="63">Abdomen.</emphasis>
|
||
Anal tubules with median constriction; without lateral tubules; with 2 pairs of ventral tubules, 0.4–0.6,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE95EA0FFED0C68FF4C4E8AFEBB9994" box="[253,343,392,418]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="63" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30BA0CEFFED0C68FF744EADFB849B9C" pageId="10" pageNumber="63" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAEF345FFED0C68FF744EADFCF89B3C" blockId="10.[151,1436,152,938]" pageId="10" pageNumber="63">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFED0C68FF744EADFED299FF" bold="true" box="[197,318,431,457]" pageId="10" pageNumber="63">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
The most similar Neotropical males are
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1188C6FFED0C68FC9C4EB2FC5599FF" box="[813,953,432,457]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Chironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="strenzkei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFED0C68FC9C4EB2FC5599FF" box="[813,953,432,457]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="63">C. strenzkei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1188C6FFED0C68FC464EB2FB6699FF" box="[1015,1162,432,458]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Chironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latistylus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFED0C68FC464EB2FBE699FF" box="[1015,1034,432,457]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="63">C</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFED0C68FBAD4EB2FB6699FF" box="[1052,1162,432,457]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="63">latistylus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1188C6FFED0C68FB274EB2FAA899FF" box="[1174,1348,432,457]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Chironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="phytophilus">C. phytophilus</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be separated from both species on the coloration of the legs and abdominal tergites. Further, the wing lacks extensive dark markings, which is present in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1188C6FFED0C68FD194D02FCDD9A2F" box="[680,817,512,538]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Chironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="strenzkei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFED0C68FD194D02FD579A2F" box="[680,699,512,537]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="63">C</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFED0C68FD7B4D02FCDD9A2F" box="[714,817,512,537]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="63">strenzkei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and the wing is longer than in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1188C6FFED0C68FB154D02FADC9A2F" box="[1188,1328,512,538]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Chironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latistylus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFED0C68FB154D02FB5B9A2F" box="[1188,1207,512,537]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="63">C</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFED0C68FB774D02FADC9A2F" box="[1222,1328,512,537]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="63">latistylus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The larvae of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1188C6FFED0C68FF584D2AFE959A77" box="[233,377,552,577]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Chironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFED0C68FF584D2AFE959A77" box="[233,377,552,577]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="63">Chironomus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. AR 4 (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF808EB4FFED0C68FE4D4D2AFD699A74" author="Reiss" box="[508,645,552,578]" pageId="10" pageNumber="67" refString="Reiss, F. (1974) Vier neue Chironomus - Arten (Chironomidae, Diptera) und ihre okologische Bedeutung fur die Benthosfauna zentralamazonischer Seen und Uberschwemmungswalder. Amazoniana, 5, 3 - 23." type="journal article" year="1974">Reiss 1974</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), described from the Amazon, is the most similar Neotropical species. This species has a similar premandible with 4–5 dark teeth and lack lateral tubules on the abdomen, but the two species can be separated on the mentum, which has a slightly incised trifid median tooth in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1188C6FFED0C68FA9F4D7AFF339A8F" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Chironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="phytophilus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFED0C68FA9F4D7AFF339A8F" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="63">C. phytophilus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Further, the antennal blade is surpassing segment five in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1188C6FFED0C68FC394DA2FBD89A8F" box="[904,1076,672,697]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Chironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="phytophilus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFED0C68FC394DA2FBD89A8F" box="[904,1076,672,697]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="63">C. phytophilus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. A premandible with 4–5 dark teeth is unusual in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1188C6FFED0C68FEC24DCAFDEF9AD7" box="[371,515,712,737]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Chironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFED0C68FEC24DCAFDEF9AD7" box="[371,515,712,737]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="63">Chironomus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
larvae, but has been recorded in some Neotropical and Holarctic species (Pin- der &
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF808EB4FFED0C68FF534DF2FE8A9B3C" author="Reiss" box="[226,358,752,778]" pageId="10" pageNumber="67" refString="Pinder, L. C. V. & Reiss, F. (1983) The larvae of Chironominae (Diptera: Chironomidae) of the Holarctic region - Keys and diagnoses. In: Wiederholm, T. (Ed.), Chironomidae of the Holarctic region - Keys and diagnoses. Part 1. Larvae. Entomologica scandinavica, Supplement, 19, 293 - 435." type="journal article" year="1983">Reiss 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF808EB4FFED0C68FEC24DF2FD999B3C" author="Chaudhuri" box="[371,629,752,778]" pageId="10" pageNumber="67" refString="Chaudhuri, P. K., Das, S. K. & Sublette, J. E. (1992) Indian species of genus Chironomus Meigen (Diptera: Chironomidae). Zoologische Jahrbucher, Abteilung fur Systematik, Okologie und Geographie der Tiere, 119, 1 - 51." type="journal article" year="1992">
|
||
Chaudhuri
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFED0C68FE444DF2FDC59B3F" box="[501,553,752,777]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="63">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 1992
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF808EB4FFED0C68FD304DF2FCEB9B3C" author="Epler" box="[641,775,752,778]" pageId="10" pageNumber="67" refString="Epler, J. H. (2001) Identification Manual for the larval Chironomidae (Diptera) of North and South Carolina. A guide to the taxonomy of the midges of the southeastern United States, including Florida. North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Raleigh, North Carolina & St. Johns River Water Management District, Palatka, Florida, 526 pp." type="book" year="2001">Epler 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAEF345FFED0C68FF744C15FB849B9C" blockId="10.[151,1436,152,938]" pageId="10" pageNumber="63">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFED0C68FF744C15FEC29B07" bold="true" box="[197,302,791,817]" pageId="10" pageNumber="63">Ecology.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1188C6FFED0C68FE884C1AFDB79B07" box="[313,603,792,817]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Chironomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="phytophilus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFED0C68FE884C1AFDB79B07" box="[313,603,792,817]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="63">Chironomus phytophilus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
larvae are associated with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1188C6FFED0C68FC1B4C1AFB309B04" authority="Aublet" authorityName="Aublet" box="[938,1244,792,818]" class="Liliopsida" family="Mayacaceae" genus="Mayaca" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="10" pageNumber="63" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fluviatilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFED0C68FC1B4C1AFB6E9B07" box="[938,1154,792,817]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="63">Mayaca fluviatilis</emphasis>
|
||
Aublet
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the Dourada Reservoir, located in the Environmental Protected Area of Corumbataí in Brotas, São Paulo State. This reservoir has sandy bottom covered with a dense
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1188C6FFED0C68FD2E4C6AFCD99BB7" box="[671,821,872,897]" class="Liliopsida" family="Mayacaceae" genus="Mayaca" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="10" pageNumber="63" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fluviatilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9652F57FFED0C68FD2E4C6AFCD99BB7" box="[671,821,872,897]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="63">M. fluviatilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
carpet. The water is transparent, acid, and well oxygenated, with extremely low conductivity and nutrient concentration (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF808EB4FFED0C68FC794C92FBB79B9C" author="Melao" box="[968,1115,912,938]" pageId="10" pageNumber="67" refString="Melao, M. G. G. (1997) A comunidade planctonica (fitoplancton e zooplancton) e produtividade secundaria do zooplancton de um reservatorio oligotrofico. Doutorado em Ciencias (PPG-ERN), Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos, Sao Carlos, SP, 152 pp." type="book" year="1997">Melão 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |