220 lines
26 KiB
XML
220 lines
26 KiB
XML
<document id="5AEBF15C9270D40B82C6F31D660ECE68" ID-CLB-Dataset="88683" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.6448815" ID-GBIF-Dataset="bbbf94d9-a910-4cda-97df-7eca124163ed" ID-ISBN="978-84-16728-19-0" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6448815" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="admin" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="admin" IM.metadata_approvedBy="admin" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="admin" checkinTime="1635825784914" checkinUser="conny" docAuthor="Don E. Wilson & Russell A. Mittermeier" docDate="2019" docId="03AD87FAFFC1F62C8C643DB0FD06F9D6" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_9_Pteropodidae_16.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Megaerops niphanae Yenbutra & Felten 1983" docType="treatment" docVersion="12" lastPageNumber="64" masterDocId="FF94FF82FFC4F62A891E341CFFA5FF9B" masterDocTitle="Pteropodidae" masterLastPageNumber="162" masterPageNumber="16" pageNumber="63" updateTime="1719592658732" updateUser="admin">
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<mods:mods id="3A2EA0A134B9D4F8ABD1BEBBBE9FD935" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="8B7220EC2DBEDA0E7ABD7EE675BCE5B5">
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<mods:title id="9FC7FC95A6F2F5E4C07A94177D3805CE">Pteropodidae</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:namePart id="25CC296B055702EE746EE7BAC32756CA">Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="8DA169195AB75C844B5AA28CAC188247">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="E3A4995D25871E71AB687E0A0693A202">Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="C409C930766D60A6B512E16DB978236F">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:dateIssued id="BB34CB98971E7CDC957937E1EEB83AA7">2019</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther id="B291A101F4E62B2C739AC2EC5E19D9E4" type="pubDate">2019-10-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher id="CC3FCA7B0489A66099C39994A62DC4A9">Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:placeTerm id="21033DF202D9D8ED9808C66CC3ECE86D">Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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<mods:titleInfo id="EEBFB2AE5BAB65492EDACB264FFC450E">
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<mods:title id="D3CF20ED2A07A0B324ACFE2E218D1BD3">Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats</mods:title>
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<mods:start id="B4D8AEDA8EE40BF1A47C46629E4DF567">16</mods:start>
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<mods:identifier id="FF1F52275111D5653B048CE53D6B9CAA" type="ISBN">978-84-16728-19-0</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03AD87FAFFC1F62C8C643DB0FD06F9D6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6448827" ID-GBIF-Taxon="196379432" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6448827" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AD87FAFFC1F62C8C643DB0FD06F9D6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AD87FAFFC1F62C8C643DB0FD06F9D6" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="64" pageId="5" pageNumber="63">
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<subSubSection id="C31E6567FFC1F62F8C643DB0FA3CF641" box="[1402,1433,2476,2522]" pageId="5" pageNumber="63" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFFC1F62F8C643DB0FA3CF641" blockId="5.[1399,2592,2476,2600]" box="[1402,1433,2476,2522]" pageId="5" pageNumber="63">
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<heading id="D0F38180FFC1F62F8C643DB0FA3CF641" box="[1402,1433,2476,2522]" pageId="5" pageNumber="63">
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<figureCitation id="133F2A69FFC1F62F8C643DB0FA3CF641" box="[1402,1433,2476,2522]" captionStart="Plate 1: Pteropodidae" captionStartId="5.[121,151,3364,3389]" captionTargetBox="[16,2802,17,3663]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="1. Temminck’s Tailless Fruit Bat (Megaerops ecaudatus), 2. Javan Tailless Fruit Bat (Megaerops kusnotoi), 3. Ratanaworabhan’s Tailless Fruit Bat (Megaerops niphanae), 4. White-collared Fruit Bat (Megaerops albicollis), 5. Greater Short-nosed Fruit Bat (Cynopterus sphinx), 6. Lesser Short-nosed Fruit Bat (Cynopterus brachyotis), 7. Horsfield’s Short-nosed Fruit Bat (Cynopterus horsfieldui), 8. Peters’s Short-nosed Fruit Bat (Cynoplerus luzoniensis), 9. Minute Short-nosed Fruit Bat (Cynopterus minutus), 10. Nusatenggara Short-nosed Fruit Bat (Cynopterus nusatenggara), 11. Indonesian Short-nosed Fruit Bat (Cynoplerus titthaecheilus), 12. Lesser Musky Fruit Bat (Ptenochirus minor), 13. Greater Musky Fruit Bat (Plenochirus jagorn), 14. Mindanao Fruit Bat (Ptenochirus wetmorei)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6448829" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6448829/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="63">3.</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31E6567FFC1F62F8CB63DB0F7D0F641" box="[1448,2165,2476,2522]" pageId="5" pageNumber="63" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFFC1F62F8CB63DB0F7D0F641" blockId="5.[1399,2592,2476,2600]" box="[1448,2165,2476,2522]" pageId="5" pageNumber="63">
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<heading id="D0F38180FFC1F62F8CB63DB0F7D0F641" box="[1448,2165,2476,2522]" pageId="5" pageNumber="63">
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<vernacularName id="050746C2FFC1F62F8CB63DB0F7D0F641" ID-CoL="3YTMW" authorityName="Yenbutra & Felten" authorityYear="1983" box="[1448,2165,2476,2522]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Megaerops" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Chiroptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="niphanae">Ratanaworabhan’s Tailless Fruit Bat</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C31E6567FFC1F62F81BB3DB0F5BAF641" box="[2213,2591,2476,2522]" pageId="5" pageNumber="63" type="nomenclature">
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||
<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFFC1F62F81BB3DB0F5BAF641" blockId="5.[1399,2592,2476,2600]" box="[2213,2591,2476,2522]" pageId="5" pageNumber="63">
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||
<heading id="D0F38180FFC1F62F81BB3DB0F5BAF641" box="[2213,2591,2476,2522]" pageId="5" pageNumber="63">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFFC1F62F81BB3DB0F5BAF641" ID-CoL="3YTMW" authorityName="Yenbutra & Felten" authorityYear="1983" box="[2213,2591,2476,2522]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Megaerops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="niphanae">
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<emphasis id="B970EAFEFFC1F62F81BB3DB0F5BAF641" box="[2213,2591,2476,2522]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="63">Megaerops niphanae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31E6567FFC1F62F8C673DF1F732F5B3" pageId="5" pageNumber="63" type="vernacular_names">
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||
<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFFC1F62F8C673DF1F5B7F599" blockId="5.[1399,2592,2476,2600]" box="[1401,2578,2541,2562]" pageId="5" pageNumber="63">
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<heading id="D0F38180FFC1F62F8C673DF1F5B7F599" box="[1401,2578,2541,2562]" pageId="5" pageNumber="63">
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<emphasis id="B970EAFEFFC1F62F8C673DF1FA61F599" bold="true" box="[1401,1476,2541,2562]" pageId="5" pageNumber="63">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="050746C2FFC1F62F8CD33DF1F904F599" ID-CoL="3YTMW" authorityName="Yenbutra & Felten" authorityYear="1983" box="[1485,1697,2541,2562]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Megaerops" kingdom="Animalia" language="fra" order="Chiroptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="niphanae">Cynoptere de Niphan</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="B970EAFEFFC1F62F8FA83DF1F8B4F599" bold="true" box="[1718,1809,2541,2562]" pageId="5" pageNumber="63">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="050746C2FFC1F62F8E053DF1F763F599" ID-CoL="3YTMW" authorityName="Yenbutra & Felten" authorityYear="1983" box="[1819,2246,2541,2562]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Megaerops" kingdom="Animalia" language="deu" order="Chiroptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="niphanae">Ratanaworabhan-Altwelt-Fruchtfledermaus</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="B970EAFEFFC1F62F81C43DF1F693F599" bold="true" box="[2266,2358,2541,2562]" pageId="5" pageNumber="63">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="050746C2FFC1F62F805E3DF1F5B7F599" ID-CoL="3YTMW" authorityName="Yenbutra & Felten" authorityYear="1983" box="[2368,2578,2541,2562]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Megaerops" kingdom="Animalia" language="esp" order="Chiroptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="niphanae">Megaerop de Niphan</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFFC1F62F8C663E0FF732F5B3" blockId="5.[1399,2592,2476,2600]" box="[1400,2199,2579,2600]" pageId="5" pageNumber="63">
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<heading id="D0F38180FFC1F62F8C663E0FF732F5B3" box="[1400,2199,2579,2600]" pageId="5" pageNumber="63">
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<emphasis id="B970EAFEFFC1F62F8C663E0FF9CAF5B3" bold="true" box="[1400,1647,2579,2600]" pageId="5" pageNumber="63">Other common names:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="050746C2FFC1F62F8F643E0FF8DCF5B3" ID-CoL="3YTMW" authorityName="Yenbutra & Felten" authorityYear="1983" box="[1658,1913,2579,2600]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Megaerops" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Chiroptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="niphanae">Northern Tailless Fruit Bat</vernacularName>
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,
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<vernacularName id="050746C2FFC1F62F8E993E0FF732F5B3" ID-CoL="3YTMW" authorityName="Yenbutra & Felten" authorityYear="1983" box="[1927,2199,2579,2600]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Megaerops" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Chiroptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="niphanae">Ratanaworabhan’s Fruit Bat</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C31E6567FFC1F62F8EC33E44F737F53B" pageId="5" pageNumber="63" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFFC1F62F8EC33E44F737F53B" blockId="5.[2012,2607,2648,3069]" pageId="5" pageNumber="63">
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<emphasis id="B970EAFEFFC1F62F8EC33E44F7DDF5E2" bold="true" box="[2013,2168,2648,2681]" pageId="5" pageNumber="63">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFFC1F62F819B3E44F72BF53B" ID-CoL="3YTMW" authority="Yenbutra & Felten, 1983" authorityName="Yenbutra & Felten" authorityYear="1983" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Megaerops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="niphanae">Megaerops niphanae Yenbutra & Felten, 1983</taxonomicName>
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,
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31E6567FFC1F62F81BE3E9FF5B3F56B" pageId="5" pageNumber="63" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFFC1F62F81BE3E9FF5B3F56B" blockId="5.[2012,2607,2648,3069]" pageId="5" pageNumber="63">
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<materialsCitation id="3B6C3CB1FFC1F62F81BE3E9FF5B3F56B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3828391385" pageId="5" pageNumber="63">
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Sakaerat Environmental Research Station, Amphoe Pak Thong Chai,
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<collectingRegion id="49C0F80EFFC1F62F8EC33ECBF625F56B" box="[2013,2432,2775,2800]" country="Thailand" name="Nakhon Ratchasima" pageId="5" pageNumber="63">Nakhon Ratchasima Province</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F313767CFFC1F62F80913ECBF5B4F56B" box="[2447,2577,2775,2800]" name="Thailand" pageId="5" pageNumber="63">Thailand</collectingCountry>
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.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31E6567FFC1F62F8EC33EE5F6EDF48D" box="[2013,2376,2809,2838]" pageId="5" pageNumber="63" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFFC1F62F8EC33EE5F6EDF48D" blockId="5.[2012,2607,2648,3069]" box="[2013,2376,2809,2838]" pageId="5" pageNumber="63">This species is monotypic.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31E6567FFC1F62F8EC23F01F7A8F466" pageId="5" pageNumber="63" type="multiple">
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<caption id="DF7B6664FFC1F62F8EC23F01F7A8F466" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6803103" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6803103" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6803103/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="63" startId="5.[2012,2185,2845,2878]" targetBox="[1397,1988,2654,3068]" targetPageId="5">
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<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFFC1F62F8EC23F01F7A8F466" blockId="5.[2012,2607,2648,3069]" pageId="5" pageNumber="63">
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<emphasis id="B970EAFEFFC1F62F8EC23F01F728F4A5" bold="true" box="[2012,2189,2845,2878]" pageId="5" pageNumber="63">Distribution.</emphasis>
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Disjunct range, recorded in NE
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<collectingCountry id="F313767CFFC1F62F81053F59F7C1F4FD" box="[2075,2148,2885,2918]" name="India" pageId="5" pageNumber="63">India</collectingCountry>
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and
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<collectingCountry id="F313767CFFC1F62F81A03F59F6C5F4FD" box="[2238,2400,2885,2918]" name="Bangladesh" pageId="5" pageNumber="63">Bangladesh</collectingCountry>
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(
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<collectingCountry id="F313767CFFC1F62F809E3F59F585F4FD" box="[2432,2592,2885,2918]" name="Bangladesh" pageId="5" pageNumber="63">Chittagong</collectingCountry>
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) and in SE Asia (
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<collectingCountry id="F313767CFFC1F62F81DB3F6CF6EDF416" box="[2245,2376,2928,2957]" name="Thailand" pageId="5" pageNumber="63">Thailand</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F313767CFFC1F62F80443F6CF639F416" box="[2394,2460,2928,2957]" name="Laos" pageId="5" pageNumber="63">Laos</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F313767CFFC1F62F80B33F6CF582F416" box="[2477,2599,2928,2957]" name="Vietnam" pageId="5" pageNumber="63">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
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, and
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<collectingCountry id="F313767CFFC1F62F81033F8FF711F42F" box="[2077,2228,2963,2996]" name="Cambodia" pageId="5" pageNumber="63">Cambodia</collectingCountry>
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). Presence in all
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<collectingCountry id="F313767CFFC1F62F80B63F8FF58BF42F" box="[2472,2606,2963,2996]" name="Myanmar" pageId="5" pageNumber="63">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
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expected, which would connect these areas.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31E6567FFC1F62C8C683815FA8DFBE9" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="64" pageId="5" pageNumber="63" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFFC1F62C8C683815FA8DFBE9" blockId="5.[1397,2606,3081,3272]" lastBlockId="6.[169,1383,276,1618]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="64" pageId="5" pageNumber="63">
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<emphasis id="B970EAFEFFC1F62F8C683815F9CBF3B1" bold="true" box="[1398,1646,3081,3114]" pageId="5" pageNumber="63">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Head-body 77-2-90 mm (tailless), ear 16-19 mm, hindfoot 10-6—
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<quantity id="4CFC9B09FFC1F62F8C673825FA7DF3C9" box="[1401,1496,3129,3154]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="5" pageNumber="63" unit="mm" value="14.0">14 mm</quantity>
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, forearm 52-63 mm; weight 22-28 g. Ratanaworabhan’s Tailless Fruit Batis small and creamy-colored. Muzzle is short, with sloping forehead; nostrils are tubular and diverging, with slightly thickened rims; philtrum is thin. Lower lip has large pads. Eyesare large and bulging; iris is greenish brown. Ears are moderately long, oval, and pale brown, with darker rims. Head pelageis short, creamy yellowish to grayish brown, and cap hairs have brownish tips. Body pelage is short and soft; hairs have light gray bases and yellowish tips; and overall appearance is creamy yellow to light brown, paler ventrally. Uropatagium is narrow in center, and calcar is small. Wing membranes are brown, thumb is long, and index claw is present. Wing is inserted on side of body and attached to first toe. Skull has no basicranial deflection and is very short; rostrum is moderately deep; nasal and premaxilla are slightly projected forward; forehead is gently sloping; orbits are large, slightly rising above forehead; braincase is round; anterior zygomatic root is slightly above alveolarline; and zygoma is thin and arched. Dorsally, paranasal recesses are inflated and narrow, reaching postorbital foramen; postorbital process is thin, projecting posterolaterally; and temporal lines are incipient. Ventrally, palate is flat, and post-dental palate is long, ending with spine that continues in a middle sphenoidal ridge. Ectotympanic is small and wide, and entotympanic is long, laterally adpressed to ectotympanic. Mandible is straight and thin, coronoid istall and sloping, condyle is above alveolar line, and angle is rounded off. Upper dentition has thin and long incisors, C' is small and rather straight, P! is a spicule, next premolar (P%) is small and rounded off, and M" is low and oval in occlusal outline. Lower dentition has minute I, (I, absent), C, is very small and short, P is peg-like and larger than incisors, P_ is tall and rounded off, M, is oval, and M,is peg-like, with traces of round cusps. There are seven arched, undivided palatal ridges, followed posteriorly by two thin, divided in center, and 1-2 thinner and distally placed. Chromosomal complement has 2n = 26 and FN = 42, with 18 metacentric and six acrocentric chromosomes. X-chromosome is submetacentric, and Y-chromosome is acrocentric.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<caption id="DF7B6664FFC1F62F89673938F76BF210" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6448829" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6448829" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6448829/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="63" startId="5.[121,151,3364,3389]" targetBox="[16,2802,17,3663]" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFFC1F62F89673938F76BF210" blockId="5.[118,2606,3341,3472]" pageId="5" pageNumber="63">
|
||
On following pages: 4. White-collared Fruit Bat (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFFC1F62F8B993938FCCDF2A6" authorityName="Francis" authorityYear="1989" box="[647,872,3364,3389]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Megaerops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albicollis">Megaerops albicollis</taxonomicName>
|
||
); 5. Greater Short-nosed Fruit Bat (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFFC1F62F8DF43938FAC3F2A6" authorityName="F. Cuvier" authorityYear="1824" box="[1258,1382,3364,3389]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Cynopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Cynopterus</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFFC1F62F899E3950FF59F2FE" authorityName="F. Cuvier" authorityYear="1824" box="[128,252,3404,3429]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Cynopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Cynopterus</taxonomicName>
|
||
horsfieldil); 8. Peters's Short-nosed Fruit Bat (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFFC1F62F8BEA3950FC54F2FE" baseAuthorityName="Peters" baseAuthorityYear="1861" box="[756,1009,3404,3429]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Cynopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="luzoniensis">Cynopterus luzoniensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
); 9. Minute Short-nosed Fruit Bat Short-nosed Fruit Bat (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFFC1F62F886E396AFD23F210" baseAuthorityName="Temminck" baseAuthorityYear="1825" box="[368,646,3446,3467]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Cynopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="titthaecheilus">Cynopterus titthaecheilus</taxonomicName>
|
||
); 12. Lesser Musky Fruit Bat (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFFC1F62F8ACF396AFBF4F210" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1861" box="[977,1105,3446,3467]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Ptenochirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Ptenochirus</taxonomicName>
|
||
minon; 13. Greater Musky
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFFC1F62F8C703938FA10F2A6" box="[1390,1461,3364,3389]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Cynopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sphinx">sphinx</taxonomicName>
|
||
); 6. Lesser Short-nosed Fruit Bat (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFFC1F62F8E313938F787F2A6" box="[1839,2082,3364,3389]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Cynopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="65" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brachyotis">Cynopterus brachyotis</taxonomicName>
|
||
); 7. Horsfield's Short-nosed Fruit Bat (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFFC1F62F8C713950F9E8F2FE" authorityName="G. S. Miller" authorityYear="1906" box="[1391,1613,3404,3429]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Cynopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="minutus">Cynopterus minutus</taxonomicName>
|
||
); 10.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFFC1F62F8F953950F884F2FE" authorityName="Kitchener & Maharadatunkamsi" authorityYear="1991" box="[1675,1825,3404,3429]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Cynopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nusatenggara">Nusatenggara</taxonomicName>
|
||
Short-nosed Fruit Bat (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFFC1F62F813C3950F699F2FE" authorityName="Kitchener & Maharadatunkamsi" authorityYear="1991" box="[2082,2364,3404,3429]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Cynopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nusatenggara">Cynopterus nusatenggara</taxonomicName>
|
||
); 11. Indonesian Fruit Bat (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFFC1F62F8CF2396AF910F210" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1861" box="[1516,1717,3446,3467]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Ptenochirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="68" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jagorii">Ptenochirus jagorii</taxonomicName>
|
||
); 14. Mindanao Fruit Bat (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C044D6FFFC1F62F8ECF396AF7F4F210" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1861" box="[2001,2129,3446,3467]" class="Mammalia" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Ptenochirus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Ptenochirus</taxonomicName>
|
||
wetmorel).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31E6567FFC2F62C89B3309CFAC4FB5B" pageId="6" pageNumber="64" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFFC2F62C89B3309CFAC4FB5B" blockId="6.[169,1383,276,1618]" pageId="6" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<emphasis id="B970EAFEFFC2F62C89B3309CFEB9FB02" bold="true" box="[173,284,1152,1177]" pageId="6" pageNumber="64">Habitat.</emphasis>
|
||
[.owland pristine forests, deciduous forests, coniferous forests, bamboo forests, and subtropical mixed forests (foothills of Himalayas) at elevations of 100-2100 m.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31E6567FFC2F62C89B330DBFBD2FB73" box="[173,1143,1223,1256]" pageId="6" pageNumber="64" type="food_feeding">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFFC2F62C89B330DBFBD2FB73" blockId="6.[169,1383,276,1618]" box="[173,1143,1223,1256]" pageId="6" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<emphasis id="B970EAFEFFC2F62C89B330DBFE16FB73" bold="true" box="[173,435,1223,1256]" pageId="6" pageNumber="64">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
|
||
Ratanaworabhan’s Tailless Fruit Bat is a frugivore.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31E6567FFC2F62C89B330F2FD5AFAA3" pageId="6" pageNumber="64" type="breeding">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFFC2F62C89B330F2FD5AFAA3" blockId="6.[169,1383,276,1618]" pageId="6" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<emphasis id="B970EAFEFFC2F62C89B330F2FE91FA94" bold="true" box="[173,308,1262,1295]" pageId="6" pageNumber="64">Breeding.</emphasis>
|
||
A subadult Ratanaworabhan’s Tailless Fruit Bat was found in March in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F313767CFFC2F62C8C3D30F2FF4BFAA3" name="Vietnam" pageId="6" pageNumber="64">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
|
||
, implying births in January-February.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31E6567FFC2F62C89B23123FD22FAFB" box="[172,647,1343,1376]" pageId="6" pageNumber="64" type="activity">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFFC2F62C89B23123FD22FAFB" blockId="6.[169,1383,276,1618]" box="[172,647,1343,1376]" pageId="6" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<emphasis id="B970EAFEFFC2F62C89B23123FE32FAFB" bold="true" box="[172,407,1343,1376]" pageId="6" pageNumber="64">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
|
||
No information.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31E6567FFC2F62C89B33179FBFEFA1D" box="[173,1115,1381,1414]" pageId="6" pageNumber="64" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFFC2F62C89B33179FBFEFA1D" blockId="6.[169,1383,276,1618]" box="[173,1115,1381,1414]" pageId="6" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<emphasis id="B970EAFEFFC2F62C89B33179FCC9FA1D" bold="true" box="[173,876,1381,1414]" pageId="6" pageNumber="64">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
|
||
No information.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31E6567FFC2F62C89B03190FD42FA66" pageId="6" pageNumber="64" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFFC2F62C89B03190FD42FA66" blockId="6.[169,1383,276,1618]" pageId="6" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<emphasis id="B970EAFEFFC2F62C89B03190FDB7FA36" bold="true" box="[174,530,1420,1453]" pageId="6" pageNumber="64">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
|
||
Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List. Ratanaworabhan’s Tailless Fruit Bat has a wide distribution and presumably large population and tolerates some habitat modification.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31E6567FFC2F62C89B13217FD06F9D6" pageId="6" pageNumber="64" type="bibRefCitation_list">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBB36ECFFC2F62C89B13217FD06F9D6" blockId="6.[169,1383,276,1618]" pageId="6" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<emphasis id="B970EAFEFFC2F62C89B13217FEEDF9BF" bold="true" box="[175,328,1547,1572]" pageId="6" pageNumber="64">Bibliography.</emphasis>
|
||
Bates, Bumrungsri, Francis, Molur & Srinivasulu (2008), Giannini & Simmons (2007a), Hood et al. (1988), Islam et al. (2015), Kruskop (2013a).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |