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<mods:title id="3732DFE47B0D9916BEC905A2129FA6A6">Review of Rhabdiasidae (Nematoda) from the Holarctic</mods:title>
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<treatment id="039087A9FF9AFFA309F0FF50ACD1C87E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039087A9FF9AFFA309F0FF50ACD1C87E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039087A9FF9AFFA309F0FF50ACD1C87E" lastPageId="54" lastPageNumber="55" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
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<paragraph id="8B8636BFFF9AFFA009F0FF50AD74CAD8" blockId="53.[151,561,151,210]" box="[151,561,151,177]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
<heading id="D0CE81D3FF9AFFA009F0FF50AD74CAD8" bold="true" box="[151,561,151,177]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" reason="4">
<taxonomicName id="4C394D3CFF9AFFA009F0FF50AD74CAD8" ID-CoL="9BX2L" authority="Wilkie, 1930" authorityName="Wilkie" authorityYear="1930" box="[151,561,151,177]" class="Chromadorea" family="Rhabdiasidae" genus="Rhabdias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="tokyoensis">
<emphasis id="B94DEAADFF9AFFA009F0FF50AD74CAD8" bold="true" box="[151,561,151,177]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
<emphasis id="B94DEAADFF9AFFA009F0FF50AEC8CAD8" bold="true" box="[151,397,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Rhabdias tokyoensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B4EFF9AFFA008F2FF50AD74CAD8" author="Wilkie, J. S." box="[405,561,151,177]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" pagination="606 - 614" refId="ref45060" refString="Wilkie, J. S. (1930) Some parasite nematodes from Japanese Amphibia. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 10, 606 - 614. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222933008673260" type="journal article" year="1930">Wilkie, 1930</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C3236534FF9AFFA309F0FF7DACD1C87E" lastPageId="54" lastPageNumber="55" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B8636BFFF9AFFA009F0FF7DAFBCCABB" blockId="53.[151,561,151,210]" box="[151,249,186,210]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
(
<figureCitation id="13022A3AFF9AFFA009F8FF7DAFB4CABB" box="[159,241,186,210]" captionStart="FIGURE 29" captionStartId="53.[151,250,1848,1871]" captionTargetBox="[185,1397,433,1795]" captionTargetId="figure-95@53.[151,1436,407,1827]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="FIGURE 29. R. tokyoensis. A—anterior part of body, lateral view; B—head end, lateral view; C—tail end, lateral view. Scale bars: A, C—0.3 mm; B—0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5262689" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5262689/files/figure.png" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Fig. 29</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636BFFF9AFFA009F0FEC4AB67CB73" blockId="53.[151,1058,258,354]" box="[151,1058,258,283]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
Hosts:
<taxonomicName id="4C394D3CFF9AFFA00982FEC4AE94CB72" baseAuthorityName="Boie" baseAuthorityYear="1826" box="[229,465,259,283]" class="Amphibia" family="Salamandridae" genus="Cynops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pyrrhogaster">
<emphasis id="B94DEAADFF9AFFA00982FEC4AE94CB72" box="[229,465,259,283]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Cynops pyrrhogaster</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C394D3CFF9AFFA008B8FEC4AD35CB72" baseAuthorityName="Hallowell" baseAuthorityYear="1861" box="[479,624,259,283]" class="Amphibia" family="Salamandridae" genus="Cynops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ensicauda">
<emphasis id="B94DEAADFF9AFFA008B8FEC4AD35CB72" box="[479,624,259,283]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">C. ensicauda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C394D3CFF9AFFA00BE7FEC5ADB3CB73" box="[640,758,258,282]" class="Amphibia" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="class">Amphibia</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="4C394D3CFF9AFFA00A67FEC5AC25CB73" box="[768,864,258,282]" class="Amphibia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Caudata</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="4C394D3CFF9AFFA00A0DFEC5AB53CB73" authorityName="Goldfuss" authorityYear="1820" box="[874,1046,258,282]" class="Amphibia" family="Salamandridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Salamandridae</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636BFFF9AFFA009A0FEE1AE00CB57" blockId="53.[151,1058,258,354]" box="[199,325,294,318]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Site: lungs.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636BFFF9AFFA009A0FE8DADB7CB0B" blockId="53.[151,1058,258,354]" box="[199,754,330,354]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Distribution: Eastern Palaearctic (Japanese Isles).</paragraph>
<caption id="DF466637FF9AFFA009F0F8FFAEB5CD04" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5262689" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5262689" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5262689/files/figure.png" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" startId="53.[151,250,1848,1871]" targetBox="[185,1397,433,1795]" targetPageId="53">
<paragraph id="8B8636BFFF9AFFA009F0F8FFAEB5CD04" blockId="53.[151,1436,1848,1901]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
<emphasis id="B94DEAADFF9AFFA009F0F8FFAE65CD26" bold="true" box="[151,288,1848,1871]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">FIGURE 29.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C394D3CFF9AFFA00841F8FDAEE9CD26" authorityName="Wilkie" authorityYear="1930" box="[294,428,1849,1871]" class="Chromadorea" family="Rhabdiasidae" genus="Rhabdias" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="tokyoensis">
<emphasis id="B94DEAADFF9AFFA00841F8FDAEE9CD26" box="[294,428,1849,1871]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">R. tokyoensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. A—anterior part of body, lateral view; B—head end, lateral view; C—tail end, lateral view. Scale bars: A, C—0.3 mm; B—0.1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B8636BFFF9AFFA009A0F85DAAD9CDDB" blockId="53.[151,1436,1946,2006]" box="[199,1436,1946,1970]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Description. Comparatively large species. Body length 15.25 (12.4517.25) mm, maximum width 613 (506</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636BFFF9AFFA309F0F879AAD2CBC5" blockId="53.[151,1436,1946,2006]" lastBlockId="54.[151,1437,151,536]" lastPageId="54" lastPageNumber="55" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
664). Oral opening round. Six lips small, situated at approximately equal distance from the edge of oral opening. Vestibulum reduced. Buccal capsule cup-like, 17 (1620) deep and 32 (3034) wide. Oesophagus with comparatively short muscular part and longer glandular part widening posteriorly. Oesophagus length 658 (548 714), or 4.4 (3.25.3) % of body length. Oesophagus width at anterior end 60 (5464), posterior dilation 114 (96 132) wide. Nerve ring at 163 (141183) from anterior end of oesophagus (25.1 [22.128.8] % of oesophagus length). Intestine wide, thin-walled. Rectum narrow, weakly sclerotised. Vulva at 7.83 (6.329.62) mm from anterior end (52.7 [50.855.8] % of total length). Uteri long, tubular, filled with numerous egg. Most eggs containing larvae. Egg size 99126 × 4862 (after
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B4EFF99FFA30B85FEA8ACD6CBEE" author="Yamaguti, S." box="[738,915,367,391]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" pagination="393 - 402" refId="ref45102" refString="Yamaguti, S. (1935) Studies on the helminth fauna of Japan. Pt. 10. Amphibian nematodes. Japanese Journal of Zoology, 6, 393 - 402." type="journal article" year="1935">Yamaguti 1935</bibRefCitation>
). Posterior ovary loop close to caudal part of body. Tail short, abruptly tapering, 202 (174232) long (1.4 [1.01.6] % of body length). Tail end sharply pointed.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636BFFF99FFA309A0FE70AD61CB9D" blockId="54.[151,1437,151,536]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<materialsCitation id="3B513CE2FF99FFA309A0FE70AD65CB9D" collectionCode="SIZK" collectorName="Dr. Hasegawa" country="Japan" location="Okinawa" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" specimenCount="30" stateProvince="Okinawa">
Material studied: about
<specimenCount id="9D3FFD36FF99FFA308B5FE70AD2FCBA6" box="[466,618,439,463]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="generic">30 specimens</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="ED28AE7AFF99FFA30B1FFE70ADFFCBA6" box="[632,698,439,463]" country="Ukraine" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/c442-9tdv" name="Schmaulhausen Institute of Zoology" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">SIZK</collectionCode>
, collected by
<collectorName id="26CC5369FF99FFA30A32FE7FACB0CBA6" box="[853,1013,439,463]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Dr. Hasegawa</collectorName>
) from
<taxonomicName id="4C394D3CFF99FFA30D26FE7FAB96CBB9" baseAuthorityName="Hallowell" baseAuthorityYear="1861" box="[1089,1235,440,464]" class="Amphibia" family="Salamandridae" genus="Cynops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ensicauda">
<emphasis id="B94DEAADFF99FFA30D26FE7FAB96CBB9" box="[1089,1235,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">C. ensicauda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<collectingRegion id="49FDF85DFF99FFA30D85FE70AA0CCBA6" box="[1250,1353,439,463]" country="Japan" name="Okinawa" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Okinawa</collectingRegion>
Island,
<collectingCountry id="F32E762FFF99FFA309F0FE1BAF9CCB9D" box="[151,217,476,500]" name="Japan" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Japan</collectingCountry>
) of which 10 were measured
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636BFFF99FFA309A0FE38ACD1C87E" blockId="54.[151,1437,151,536]" box="[199,916,511,536]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
References:
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B4EFF99FFA30835FE38AEB4C87E" author="Wilkie, J. S." box="[338,497,511,535]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" pagination="606 - 614" refId="ref45060" refString="Wilkie, J. S. (1930) Some parasite nematodes from Japanese Amphibia. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 10, 606 - 614. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222933008673260" type="journal article" year="1930">Wilkie (1930)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B4EFF99FFA3089AFE38ADF9C87E" author="Yamaguti, S." box="[509,700,511,535]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" pagination="397 - 408" refId="ref45135" refString="Yamaguti, S. (1941) Studies on the helminth fauna of Japan. Pt. 34. Amphibian nematodes, II. Japanese Journal of Zoology, 9, 397 - 408." type="journal article" year="1941">Yamaguti (1941)</bibRefCitation>
, Hasegawa (1984).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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