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<document id="892612EBA4C9A7AC121BF506CD0CB6F6" ID-CLB-Dataset="154476" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5190.2.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="bf80b52c-9465-44a3-a616-567f71418e3c" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7120201" ID-ZooBank="F5B7642B-1EB8-41BB-BA51-BB5919EFA907" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1664372590991" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Pyron, R. Alexander &amp; Beamer, David A." docDate="2022" docId="039087A5C51D3F45C4BA19A272EB0F56" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5190.2.3.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5190 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Desmognathus ocoee Nicholls 1949" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="231" masterDocId="FFA9FFDDC50A3F5DC42D1C4171160B2B" masterDocTitle="Systematics of the Ocoee Salamander (Plethodontidae: Desmognathus ocoee), with description of two new species from the southern Blue Ridge Mountains" masterLastPageNumber="240" masterPageNumber="207" pageNumber="230" updateTime="1699384892868" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
<mods:mods id="1F7DFDDBD77487C90DBB37885C1E9E39" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="FA5EDB62B5B9E7528F058782821CC314">
<mods:title id="7AFF756D47DE044B4E83B95D6175D08B">Systematics of the Ocoee Salamander (Plethodontidae: Desmognathus ocoee), with description of two new species from the southern Blue Ridge Mountains</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="B34D1162EC54969E7B830D2B17CC6606" type="personal">
<mods:role id="D84723B3FC15D9698668C1301292FFAE">
<mods:roleTerm id="909E260574C26EFBBCFC9CC06C3D194D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="0D99B2CB5B52EEFE44DAA9EF200EA7C4">Pyron, R. Alexander</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="DA88CA5B5262B168A263E9CDEEA6BC59" type="ORCID">0000-0003-2524-1794</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="D535CEE96F7C5428A4CACC2421C2846B">Department of Biological Sciences, The George Washington University, 2029 G St. NW, Washington, DC 20052 rpyron @ colubroid. org; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 2524 - 1794 &amp; Division of Amphibians and Reptiles, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20560</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="D03455FBB2E68CB5423298F5F9ECDF53" type="email">rpyron@colubroid.org</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="F5EE672AA5C711E2A8EDC72C7501737D" type="personal">
<mods:role id="21CE215C8ABBCDB58D46714A48BF830B">
<mods:roleTerm id="0AF108B83D1F120D8576B5F660DBBF7A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="4A37710753B03E6317A7D7BAEC3D0329">Beamer, David A.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="FBA491485B4D1FF1F8265C5C096126B4" type="ORCID">0000-0003-0796-274X</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="F959CE9D06E358FDD82941936E141F88">Department of Natural Science, Nash Community College, 522 N. Old Carriage Road, Rocky Mount, NC 27804 dabeamer 973 @ nashcc. edu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0796 - 274 X &amp; Amphibian Foundation, 4055 Roswell Rd NE, Atlanta, Georgia 30342</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="74AFB5E701EB472D0FC79A10FAE93421" type="email">dabeamer973@nashcc.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="0023ECACAAF1340C5FFF8B18073159CA">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="32EEFB651DD488D5FEBC25F6E781A5AD">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="D8D54BFF8E8B123EEAA61D052EAD5E34">
<mods:date id="110198F5EE76A128F7875B23AE5C1A6D">2022</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="E8735D46EE3C5DD169F8E9179A3EBD7B" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="333AF7E2166CF1B402DE1279A479143E">2022-09-28</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="BE93B289B94B317FEFEFD5DFE4673D70" type="volume">
<mods:number id="05F49D8EEA1E9FF9B57983ECC74CBB9F">5190</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="C44C8DB4A9F86D807CD351E9EA3C2544" type="issue">
<mods:number id="E0F2526EAA6EA3057D20C1F2B095E68D">2</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="BE5169AFCFD8007D500EFF9EB13A1DF9" type="CLB-Dataset">154476</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="CE7989B56B844BB6587C571AC91A1BCE" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5190.2.3</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="CAB1924B09EB16A55A2BFB3EDD36881B" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="6D80A9D1287DE051C9E0B304F8DFE79C" type="ZooBank">F5B7642B-1EB8-41BB-BA51-BB5919EFA907</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="039087A5C51D3F45C4BA19A272EB0F56" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7120197" ID-GBIF-Taxon="201137886" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7120197" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039087A5C51D3F45C4BA19A272EB0F56" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039087A5C51D3F45C4BA19A272EB0F56" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="231" pageId="23" pageNumber="230">
<subSubSection id="C3236538C51D3F4AC4BA19A273580ED5" box="[151,590,1507,1534]" pageId="23" pageNumber="230" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B8636B3C51D3F4AC4BA19A273580ED5" blockId="23.[151,590,1507,1534]" box="[151,590,1507,1534]" pageId="23" pageNumber="230">
<heading id="D0CE81DFC51D3F4AC4BA19A273580ED5" bold="true" box="[151,590,1507,1534]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="23" pageNumber="230" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C394D30C51D3F4AC4BA19A273580ED5" ID-CoL="353MT" ID-ENA="179530" authority="Nicholls, 1949" authorityName="Nicholls" authorityYear="1949" box="[151,590,1507,1534]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Desmognathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="23" pageNumber="230" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ocoee">
<emphasis id="B94DEAA1C51D3F4AC4BA19A273580ED5" bold="true" box="[151,590,1507,1534]" pageId="23" pageNumber="230">
<emphasis id="B94DEAA1C51D3F4AC4BA19A270810ED5" bold="true" box="[151,407,1507,1534]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="230">Desmognathus ocoee</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B42C51D3F4AC5B219A573580ED5" author="Nicholls, J. C." box="[415,590,1508,1534]" pageId="23" pageNumber="230" pagination="127 - 129" refId="ref15699" refString="Nicholls, J. C. (1949) A new salamander of the genus Desmognathus from east Tennessee. Journal of the Tennessee Academy of Science, 24, 127 - 129." type="journal article" year="1949">Nicholls, 1949</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3236538C51D3F4AC4BA1A6D720C0C4D" pageId="23" pageNumber="230" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B8636B3C51D3F4AC4BA1A6D75920DA4" blockId="23.[151,1437,1580,2039]" pageId="23" pageNumber="230">
<materialsCitation id="3B513CEEC51D3F4AC4BA1A6D75920DA4" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3914274307" collectingDate="1948-11-14" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="J.C. Nicholls &amp; J. C. Nicholls" country="United States of America" county="Polk County" location="Highway" municipality="Ship's Prow Rock" pageId="23" pageNumber="230" specimenCode="USNM 128007" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Tennessee" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B94DEAA1C51D3F4AC4BA1A6D701B0D6D" bold="true" box="[151,269,1580,1606]" pageId="23" pageNumber="230">
<typeStatus id="54828811C51D3F4AC4BA1A6D701E0D6D" box="[151,264,1580,1606]" pageId="23" pageNumber="230" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
<specimenCode id="DB9F9EC8C51D3F4AC5351A6D70D10D6D" box="[280,455,1580,1606]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="23" pageNumber="230" type="Museum">USNM 128007</specimenCode>
(field tag
<collectorName id="26CC5365C51D3F4AC6681A6D739A0D6D" box="[581,652,1580,1606]" name="J.C. Nicholls" pageId="23" pageNumber="230">J.C.N.</collectorName>
1001;
<figureCitation id="13022A36C51D3F4AC6CD1A6D72350D6D" box="[736,803,1580,1606]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1900,1924]" captionTargetBox="[177,1411,181,1876]" captionTargetId="figure-17@2.[177,1411,181,1876]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Holotype (USNM 128007, field tag J.C.N. 1001) of Desmognathus ocoee Nicholls, 1949 from “the surface and in crevices of cliffs at Ship’s Prow Rock, in Ocoee Gorge, beside U.S. Highway 64, nine miles airline west of Ducktown, in Polk County, Tennessee,” collected 14 November 1948 by J.C. Nicholls, Jr. Note prominence of offset paired larval spots on the dorsum. Photos in dorsal (a) and ventral (b) views courtesy of the NMNH." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7120203" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7120203/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="230">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
) by original designation; type locality “on the surface and in crevices of cliffs at
<collectingMunicipality id="6BE2ACC9C51D3F4AC5EE1A1173870D41" box="[451,657,1616,1643]" pageId="23" pageNumber="230">Ship’s Prow Rock</collectingMunicipality>
, in
<taxonomicName id="4C394D30C51D3F4AC6971A1172470D41" authority="Gorge" authorityName="Gorge" box="[698,849,1616,1642]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Desmognathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="23" pageNumber="230" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ocoee">Ocoee Gorge</taxonomicName>
, beside
<collectingCountry id="F32E7623C51D3F4AC7801A1172C80D41" box="[941,990,1616,1642]" name="United States of America" pageId="23" pageNumber="230">U.S.</collectingCountry>
<location id="8EE66068C51D3F4AC7CB1A11755B0D41" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039087A5C51D3F45C4BA19A272EB0F56:8EE66068C51D3F4AC7CB1A11755B0D41" box="[998,1101,1616,1642]" country="United States of America" county="Polk County" municipality="Ship's Prow Rock" name="Highway" pageId="23" pageNumber="230" stateProvince="Tennessee">Highway</location>
64, nine miles airline west of
<location id="8EE66068C51D3F4AC4BA1A3570190DA5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039087A5C51D3F45C4BA19A272EB0F56:8EE66068C51D3F4AC4BA1A3570190DA5" box="[151,271,1652,1678]" country="United States of America" county="Polk County" municipality="Ship's Prow Rock" name="Ducktown" pageId="23" pageNumber="230" stateProvince="Tennessee">Ducktown</location>
, in
<collectingCounty id="62E74E3FC51D3F4AC51A1A3570D30DA5" box="[311,453,1652,1678]" pageId="23" pageNumber="230">Polk County</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingRegion id="49FDF851C51D3F4AC5E21A3573510DA5" box="[463,583,1652,1678]" country="United States of America" name="Tennessee" pageId="23" pageNumber="230">Tennessee</collectingRegion>
,” collected
<date id="FF871073C51D3F4AC6E51A3572B60DA5" box="[712,928,1652,1678]" pageId="23" pageNumber="230" value="1948-11-14">
<collectingDate id="EFC3E99BC51D3F4AC6E51A3572B60DA5" box="[712,928,1652,1678]" pageId="23" pageNumber="230" value="1948-11-14">14 November 1948</collectingDate>
</date>
by
<collectorName id="26CC5365C51D3F4AC7E71A3575490DA5" box="[970,1119,1652,1678]" pageId="23" pageNumber="230">J.C. Nicholls</collectorName>
, Jr.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636B3C51D3F4AC4EA1AD9720C0C4D" blockId="23.[151,1437,1580,2039]" pageId="23" pageNumber="230">
<materialsCitation id="3B513CEEC51D3F4AC4EA1AD9720C0C4D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3914274314" ID-GBIF-Specimen="466021173" collectionCode="AMNH, MCZ, CNHM, FMNH" httpUri="http://portal.vertnet.org/o/amnh/herpetology?id=a-54386" location="Rochester" pageId="23" pageNumber="230" specimenCode="CM 29290-1, FMNH 90035" specimenCount="28" stateProvince="New York" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="B94DEAA1C51D3F4AC4EA1AD9705E0D99" bold="true" box="[199,328,1688,1714]" pageId="23" pageNumber="230">
<typeStatus id="54828811C51D3F4AC4EA1AD970550D99" box="[199,323,1688,1714]" pageId="23" pageNumber="230" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
A series of
<specimenCount id="9D3FFD3AC51D3F4AC5E91AD9734C0D99" box="[452,602,1688,1714]" pageId="23" pageNumber="230" type="generic">28 specimens</specimenCount>
including the
<typeStatus id="54828811C51D3F4AC6DE1AD972430D99" box="[755,853,1688,1714]" pageId="23" pageNumber="230" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
was reported, so ostensibly 27, including untraceable specimens in the “
<collectorName id="26CC5365C51D3F4AC5471AFD731F0DFD" box="[362,521,1724,1750]" pageId="23" pageNumber="230">J. C. Nicholls</collectorName>
, Jr. collection” and the “
<collectorName id="26CC5365C51D3F4AC7091AFD72A20DFD" box="[804,948,1724,1750]" pageId="23" pageNumber="230">S. C. Bishop</collectorName>
collection,
<location id="8EE66068C51D3F4AC0161AFD75BB0DFD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039087A5C51D3F45C4BA19A272EB0F56:8EE66068C51D3F4AC0161AFD75BB0DFD" box="[1083,1197,1724,1750]" name="Rochester" pageId="23" pageNumber="230" stateProvince="New York">Rochester</location>
,
<collectingRegion id="49FDF851C51D3F4AC0941AFC74270DFD" box="[1209,1329,1724,1751]" country="United States of America" name="New York" pageId="23" pageNumber="230">New York</collectingRegion>
,”
<collectionCode id="ED28AE76C51D3F4AC16A1AFD748B0DFD" box="[1351,1437,1724,1750]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="23" pageNumber="230">AMNH</collectionCode>
A-54385–6,
<specimenCode id="DB9F9EC8C51D3F4AC50A1AA170D70DD1" box="[295,449,1760,1786]" collectionCode="CM" country="China" name="Chongqing Museum" pageId="23" pageNumber="230">CM 29290–1</specimenCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED28AE76C51D3F4AC5E31AA1731D0DD1" box="[462,523,1760,1786]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" name="Museum of Comparative Zoology" pageId="23" pageNumber="230" type="Museum">MCZ</collectionCode>
A-26589–90 &amp; A-28307 (
<collectionCode id="ED28AE76C51D3F4AC7161AA1726C0DD1" box="[827,890,1760,1786]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" name="Museum of Comparative Zoology" pageId="23" pageNumber="230" type="Museum">MCZ</collectionCode>
catalog notes received in “
<collectorName id="26CC5365C51D3F4AC09E1AA171D80C35" pageId="23" pageNumber="230">Exch. Chicago N.H. Mus.</collectorName>
”—original number
<collectionCode id="ED28AE76C51D3F4AC5911B4573060C35" box="[444,528,1796,1822]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33139" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33139" name="Cincinnati Museum of Natural History" pageId="23" pageNumber="230" type="Museum">CNHM</collectionCode>
[now
<collectionCode id="ED28AE76C51D3F4AC64C1B4473A30C34" box="[609,693,1797,1823]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" name="Field Museum of Natural History" pageId="23" pageNumber="230" type="Museum">FMNH</collectionCode>
] 90035),
<collectionCode id="ED28AE76C51D3F4AC7041B44726C0C34" box="[809,890,1797,1823]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" name="Field Museum of Natural History" pageId="23" pageNumber="230" type="Museum">FMNH</collectionCode>
(originally given as “Chicago Natural History Museum, Chicago, Ill.”—
<collectionCode id="ED28AE76C51D3F4AC5EC1B69730C0C69" box="[449,538,1832,1858]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33139" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33139" name="Cincinnati Museum of Natural History" pageId="23" pageNumber="230" type="Museum">CNHM</collectionCode>
) 57313–4 &amp; 90034–5 (
<specimenCode id="DB9F9EC8C51D3F4AC71E1B6972CE0C68" box="[819,984,1832,1859]" collectionCode="FMNH" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" name="Field Museum of Natural History" pageId="23" pageNumber="230" type="Museum">FMNH 90035</specimenCode>
now
<collectionCode id="ED28AE76C51D3F4AC00D1B69754B0C69" box="[1056,1117,1832,1858]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" name="Museum of Comparative Zoology" pageId="23" pageNumber="230" type="Museum">MCZ</collectionCode>
A-28307), and untraceable specimens at “Emory University, Emory University, Ga.”
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3236538C51D3F45C4EA1B317596083E" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="231" pageId="23" pageNumber="230" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B8636B3C51D3F45C4EA1B3174820A86" blockId="23.[151,1437,1580,2039]" lastBlockId="24.[151,1437,151,1149]" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="231" pageId="23" pageNumber="230">
<emphasis id="B94DEAA1C51D3F4AC4EA1B31704D0CA1" bold="true" box="[199,347,1904,1930]" pageId="23" pageNumber="230">Description:</emphasis>
A small (~
<quantity id="4CC19B56C51D3F4AC5FC1B3173530CA0" box="[465,581,1904,1931]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.45" metricValueMax="5.4" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="23" pageNumber="230" unit="mm" value="34.5" valueMax="54.0" valueMin="15.0">15–54mm</quantity>
SVL;
<emphasis id="B94DEAA1C51D3F4AC6A11B3073A50CA1" box="[652,691,1905,1930]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="230">n =</emphasis>
122) mountain dusky salamander exhibiting a wide variety of color patterns and ecomorphologies throughout its range. Diagnosable from
<taxonomicName id="4C394D30C51D3F4AC7901BD575A90C85" authorityName="Anderson &amp; Tilley" authorityYear="2003" box="[957,1215,1940,1966]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Desmognathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="23" pageNumber="230" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="abditus">
<emphasis id="B94DEAA1C51D3F4AC7901BD575A90C85" box="[957,1215,1940,1966]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="230">Desmognathus abditus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the Cumberland Plateau by the presence of a modest keel on the distal portion of the tail and keratinized toe tips (
<figureCitation id="13022A36C51D3F4AC0ED1BF974050CF9" box="[1216,1299,1976,2002]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1851,1875]" captionTargetBox="[165,1423,151,1828]" captionTargetId="figure-19@25.[165,1423,151,1828]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 20. Live specimens of Desmognathus ocoee Nicholls, 1949 in lateral views (a, b) from the isolated Cumberland Plateau (TN: Marion) population (ocoee H), west of the Tennessee River close to the southernmost populations of D. abditus (see Drukker et al. 2018). Note the relatively prominent dorsal keel on the distal portion of the tail, and the indistinct or uniform, mostly brownish color-pattern. Photos courtesy of S. Drukker (Sewanee)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7120257" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7120257/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="230">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
; vs. absence of both, see
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B42C51D3F4AC5051B9D73190CDD" author="Drukker, S. S. &amp; Cecala, K. K. &amp; Gould, P. R. &amp; McKenzie, B. A. &amp; de Ven, C. V." box="[296,527,2012,2038]" pageId="23" pageNumber="230" pagination="33 - 46" refId="ref13607" refString="Drukker, S. S., Cecala, K. K., Gould, P. R., McKenzie, B. A. &amp; de Ven, C. V. (2018) The ecology and natural history of the Cumberland Dusky Salamander (Desmognathus abditus): distribution and demographics. Herpetological Conservation and Biology, 13, 33 - 46." type="journal article" year="2018">
Drukker
<emphasis id="B94DEAA1C51D3F4AC5A31B9C70DF0CDD" box="[398,457,2012,2038]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="230">et al.</emphasis>
2018
</bibRefCitation>
). Usually diagnosable from
<taxonomicName id="4C394D30C51D3F4AC7791B9C72C50CDD" authorityName="Pyron &amp; Beamer" authorityYear="2022" box="[852,979,2012,2038]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Desmognathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="23" pageNumber="230" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="adatsihi">
<emphasis id="B94DEAA1C51D3F4AC7791B9C72C50CDD" box="[852,979,2012,2038]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="230">D. adatsihi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C394D30C51D3F4AC0231B9C75BF0CDD" authorityName="Pyron &amp; Beamer" authorityYear="2022" box="[1038,1193,2012,2038]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Desmognathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="23" pageNumber="230" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="balsameus">
<emphasis id="B94DEAA1C51D3F4AC0231B9C75BF0CDD" box="[1038,1193,2012,2038]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="230">D. balsameus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by generally lacking a solid dorsal stripe (vs. often striped with straight, wavy, or undulating borders). Some individuals of the
<taxonomicName id="4C394D30C5123F45C1761CD6748A0B9B" box="[1371,1436,151,176]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Desmognathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="24" pageNumber="231" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ocoee">
<emphasis id="B94DEAA1C5123F45C1761CD6748A0B9B" box="[1371,1436,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="231">ocoee</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
E lineage are diagnosable from all other species by the presence of red, yellow, or orange patches on the legs or very rarely both the legs and cheeks, and all species other than
<taxonomicName id="4C394D30C5123F45C7581C9E72E50BD3" authorityName="Dunn" authorityYear="1927" box="[885,1011,223,248]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Desmognathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="24" pageNumber="231" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="imitator">
<emphasis id="B94DEAA1C5123F45C7581C9E72E50BD3" box="[885,1011,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="231">D. imitator</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C394D30C5123F45C0031C9E75D60BD2" authorityName="Neill" authorityYear="1950" box="[1070,1216,223,249]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Desmognathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="24" pageNumber="231" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="perlapsus">
<emphasis id="B94DEAA1C5123F45C0031C9E75D60BD2" box="[1070,1216,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="231">D. perlapsus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the presence of such patches on the cheeks.
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B42C5123F45C5F31D42737F0A36" author="Neill, W. T." box="[478,617,258,285]" pageId="24" pageNumber="231" refId="ref15662" refString="Neill, W. T. (1950) A new species of salamander, genus Desmognathus, from Georgia. Research Division, Ross Allen's Reptile Institute, Silver Springs, Florida, 6 pp." type="book" year="1950">Neill (1950)</bibRefCitation>
suggested seven diagnostic characters differentiating
<taxonomicName id="4C394D30C5123F45C0FE1D42742E0A37" box="[1235,1336,259,284]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Desmognathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="24" pageNumber="231" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ocoee">
<emphasis id="B94DEAA1C5123F45C0FE1D42742E0A37" box="[1235,1336,259,284]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="231">D. ocoee</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<emphasis id="B94DEAA1C5123F45C1AC1D42701D0A6A" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="231">
<taxonomicName id="4C394D30C5123F45C1AC1D4270110A6A" authorityName="Neill" authorityYear="1950" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Desmognathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="24" pageNumber="231" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="perlapsus">D. perlapsus</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
with
<taxonomicName id="4C394D30C5123F45C5651D6670BC0A6B" box="[328,426,295,320]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Desmognathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="24" pageNumber="231" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ocoee">
<emphasis id="B94DEAA1C5123F45C5651D6670BC0A6B" box="[328,426,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="231">D. ocoee</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
being smaller, having a shorter and narrower head, longer limbs, no vomerine teeth in adult males, parasphenoid teeth in oblong patches, more-defined dorsal color pattern, and 5–6 pairs of spots (vs. 4) on the dorsum between the limb insertions. However,
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B42C5123F45C68B1D2E72770AA2" author="Valentine, B. D." box="[678,865,367,393]" pageId="24" pageNumber="231" pagination="315 - 322" refId="ref17026" refString="Valentine, B. D. (1961) Variation and distribution of Desmognathus ocoee Nicholls (Amphibia: Plethodontidae). Copeia, 1961, 315 - 322. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 1439806" type="journal article" year="1961">Valentine (1961)</bibRefCitation>
demonstrated exceptional variability in these traits in both species and questioned this diagnosis. Additional work is needed to diagnose this taxon morphometrically.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636B3C5123F45C4EA1DF67596083E" blockId="24.[151,1437,151,1149]" pageId="24" pageNumber="231">
<emphasis id="B94DEAA1C5123F45C4EA1DF6700B0AFA" bold="true" box="[199,285,439,465]" pageId="24" pageNumber="231">Range:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B513CEEC5123F45C5051DF6756A083E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3914274301" collectionCode="MCZ, GA" collectorName="S. P. Graham" county="Three" location="Franklin" municipality="Cumberland Plateau" pageId="24" pageNumber="231" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Tennessee">
<collectingCounty id="62E74E3FC5123F45C5051DF6707F0AFA" box="[296,361,439,465]" pageId="24" pageNumber="231">Three</collectingCounty>
disjunct population segments (
<figureCitation id="13022A36C5123F45C6F51DF672340AFA" box="[728,802,439,465]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1755,1779]" captionTargetBox="[343,1254,181,1728]" captionTargetId="graphics-707@6.[28,2087,1,2911]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Map of the five species considered by our taxonomy from genetically verified recent localities (RAP collection; Anderson &amp; Tilley 2003; Beamer &amp; Lamb 2020; Karlin &amp; Guttman 1986; Kozak et al. 2005; Means et al. 2017; Pyron et al. 2022c; Tilley 2000; Tilley et al. 1978, 2008; Tilley &amp; Mahoney 1996). We include apalachicolae A2 and ocoee E within our concept of D. ocoee, for which the nominotypical lineage is ocoee F/G/H. Note that some individuals from these populations are admixed between one or more species, and hybrid zones exist between phylogeographic lineages within D. ocoee and D. perlapsus, primarily at the geographic margins where each adjacent lineage contacts its neighbor. Type localities are indicated with triangles, the population of unknown affinity from Horse Cove (GA: Gilmer; Fig. 21) is indicated with a gray dot, and the potential Cohutta populations are indicated with a “?.”" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7120211" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7120211/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="231">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
); one restricted to a small portion of the
<collectingMunicipality id="6BE2ACC9C5123F45C13F1DF671FF0ADE" pageId="24" pageNumber="231">Cumberland Plateau</collectingMunicipality>
<locationDeviation id="9A342F91C5123F45C4DF1D9A732E0ADE" box="[242,568,475,501]" firstLocation="Sewanee" pageId="24" pageNumber="231" secondLocation="Orme">between Sewanee and Orme</locationDeviation>
,
<collectingRegion id="49FDF851C5123F45C66E1D9A73A00ADE" box="[579,694,475,501]" country="United States of America" name="Tennessee" pageId="24" pageNumber="231">Tennessee</collectingRegion>
in
<location id="8EE66068C5123F45C6F01D9A722A0ADE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039087A5C51D3F45C4BA19A272EB0F56:8EE66068C5123F45C6F01D9A722A0ADE" box="[733,828,475,501]" county="Three" municipality="Cumberland Plateau" name="Franklin" pageId="24" pageNumber="231" stateProvince="Tennessee">Franklin</location>
and
<location id="8EE66068C5123F45C7581D9A75210ADE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039087A5C51D3F45C4BA19A272EB0F56:8EE66068C5123F45C7581D9A75210ADE" box="[885,1079,475,501]" county="Three" municipality="Cumberland Plateau" name="Marion Counties" pageId="24" pageNumber="231" stateProvince="Tennessee">Marion Counties</location>
; a second occurring broadly on the
<location id="8EE66068C5123F45C4ED1DBE70C30932" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039087A5C51D3F45C4BA19A272EB0F56:8EE66068C5123F45C4ED1DBE70C30932" box="[192,469,511,537]" county="Three" municipality="Cumberland Plateau" name="Cumberland Escarpment" pageId="24" pageNumber="231" stateProvince="Tennessee">Cumberland Escarpment</location>
(
<location id="8EE66068C5123F45C5CE1DBE73950932" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039087A5C51D3F45C4BA19A272EB0F56:8EE66068C5123F45C5CE1DBE73950932" box="[483,643,511,537]" county="Three" municipality="Cumberland Plateau" name="Walden Ridge" pageId="24" pageNumber="231" stateProvince="Tennessee">Walden Ridge</location>
and
<location id="8EE66068C5123F45C6951DBE72700932" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039087A5C51D3F45C4BA19A272EB0F56:8EE66068C5123F45C6951DBE72700932" box="[696,870,511,537]" county="Three" municipality="Cumberland Plateau" name="Sand Mountain" pageId="24" pageNumber="231" stateProvince="Tennessee">Sand Mountain</location>
) of south-central
<collectingRegion id="49FDF851C5123F45C0041DBE75890932" box="[1065,1183,511,537]" country="United States of America" name="Tennessee" pageId="24" pageNumber="231">Tennessee</collectingRegion>
, extreme northwestern
<collectingRegion id="49FDF851C5123F45C4BA1E6271E20916" box="[151,244,547,573]" country="United States of America" name="Georgia" pageId="24" pageNumber="231">Georgia</collectingRegion>
, and northeastern
<collectingRegion id="49FDF851C5123F45C5971E6273090916" box="[442,543,547,573]" country="United States of America" name="Alabama" pageId="24" pageNumber="231">Alabama</collectingRegion>
(see
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B42C5123F45C67B1E6272710916" author="Anderson, J. A. &amp; Tilley, S. G." box="[598,871,547,573]" pageId="24" pageNumber="231" pagination="75 - 110" refId="ref12301" refString="Anderson, J. A. &amp; Tilley, S. G. (2003) Systematics of the Desmognathus ochrophaeus complex in the Cumberland Plateau of Tennessee. Herpetological Monographs, 17, 75 - 110. https: // doi. org / 10.1655 / 0733 - 1347 (2003) 017 [0075: SOTDOC] 2.0. CO; 2" type="journal article" year="2003">Anderson &amp; Tilley 2003</bibRefCitation>
); and a third in the
<location id="8EE66068C5123F45C01A1E6275BD0916" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039087A5C51D3F45C4BA19A272EB0F56:8EE66068C5123F45C01A1E6275BD0916" box="[1079,1195,547,573]" county="Three" municipality="Cumberland Plateau" name="Nantahala" pageId="24" pageNumber="231" stateProvince="Tennessee">Nantahala</location>
,
<location id="8EE66068C5123F45C0981E6274120916" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039087A5C51D3F45C4BA19A272EB0F56:8EE66068C5123F45C0981E6274120916" box="[1205,1284,547,573]" county="Three" municipality="Cumberland Plateau" name="Unicoi" pageId="24" pageNumber="231" stateProvince="Tennessee">Unicoi</location>
, and
<location id="8EE66068C5123F45C1111E62708E094A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039087A5C51D3F45C4BA19A272EB0F56:8EE66068C5123F45C1111E62708E094A" county="Three" municipality="Cumberland Plateau" name="southern Blue Ridge Mountains" pageId="24" pageNumber="231" stateProvince="Tennessee">southern Blue Ridge Mountains</location>
of western
<collectingRegion id="49FDF851C5123F45C60C1E0673D8094A" box="[545,718,583,609]" country="United States of America" name="North Carolina" pageId="24" pageNumber="231">North Carolina</collectingRegion>
, southeastern
<collectingRegion id="49FDF851C5123F45C7421E0672F3094A" box="[879,997,583,609]" country="United States of America" name="Tennessee" pageId="24" pageNumber="231">Tennessee</collectingRegion>
, and north-central
<collectingRegion id="49FDF851C5123F45C0911E06740F094A" box="[1212,1305,583,609]" country="United States of America" name="Georgia" pageId="24" pageNumber="231">Georgia</collectingRegion>
. Additional populations probably referable to this species likely remain to be discovered and sampled.
<location id="8EE66068C5123F45C0A91E2A75BF09AE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039087A5C51D3F45C4BA19A272EB0F56:8EE66068C5123F45C0A91E2A75BF09AE" box="[1156,1193,619,645]" county="Three" municipality="Cumberland Plateau" name="We" pageId="24" pageNumber="231" stateProvince="Tennessee">We</location>
examined a historical collection (
<collectionCode id="ED28AE76C5123F45C5381ECE70420982" box="[277,340,655,681]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" name="Museum of Comparative Zoology" pageId="24" pageNumber="231" type="Museum">MCZ</collectionCode>
A-143377–86) from
<location id="8EE66068C5123F45C66E1ECE73DD0982" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039087A5C51D3F45C4BA19A272EB0F56:8EE66068C5123F45C66E1ECE73DD0982" box="[579,715,655,681]" county="Three" municipality="Cumberland Plateau" name="Horse Cove" pageId="24" pageNumber="231" stateProvince="Tennessee">Horse Cove</location>
,
<location id="8EE66068C5123F45C6FA1ECE729D0982" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039087A5C51D3F45C4BA19A272EB0F56:8EE66068C5123F45C6FA1ECE729D0982" box="[727,907,655,681]" county="Three" municipality="Cumberland Plateau" name="Rich Mountains" pageId="24" pageNumber="231" stateProvince="Tennessee">Rich Mountains</location>
(
<collectionCode id="ED28AE76C5123F45C7B61ECE72DF0982" box="[923,969,655,681]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15610" name="University of Georgia" pageId="24" pageNumber="231" type="Herbarium">GA</collectionCode>
:
<location id="8EE66068C5123F45C7F91ECE75330982" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039087A5C51D3F45C4BA19A272EB0F56:8EE66068C5123F45C7F91ECE75330982" box="[980,1061,655,681]" county="Three" municipality="Cumberland Plateau" name="Gilmer" pageId="24" pageNumber="231" stateProvince="Tennessee">Gilmer</location>
) which appears to be this species based on morphological gestalt and collected a single recent individual ourselves (
<figureCitation id="13022A36C5123F45C0151EF2759A09E6" box="[1080,1164,691,717]" captionStart="FIGURE 21" captionStartId="26.[151,250,1851,1875]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,151,1827]" captionTargetId="figure-17@26.[151,1435,151,1827]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURE 21. Photographs of Desmognathus cf. ocoee from Horse Cove, Rich Mountains (GA: Gilmer) in life (a: one of the specimens in the series MCZ A-143377–86 collected 29 June 2003; photo courtesy of C.D. Camp, Piedmont) and preservative (RAP2715, collected 14 July 2022) in dorsal (b) and ventral (c) views. The paired dorsal spots on the trunk and tail of the latter specimen were brighter and more yellowish overall in life. The phylogenetic and taxonomic affinity of this population is unknown." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7120261" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7120261/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="231">Fig. 21</figureCitation>
).
<location id="8EE66068C5123F45C08D1EF275D309E6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039087A5C51D3F45C4BA19A272EB0F56:8EE66068C5123F45C08D1EF275D309E6" box="[1184,1221,691,717]" county="Three" municipality="Cumberland Plateau" name="We" pageId="24" pageNumber="231" stateProvince="Tennessee">We</location>
have also received anecdotal reports from the
<location id="8EE66068C5123F45C5E01E9673B109DA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039087A5C51D3F45C4BA19A272EB0F56:8EE66068C5123F45C5E01E9673B109DA" box="[461,679,727,753]" county="Three" municipality="Cumberland Plateau" name="Cohutta Mountains" pageId="24" pageNumber="231" stateProvince="Tennessee">Cohutta Mountains</location>
in
<collectingRegion id="49FDF851C5123F45C6E31E96723E09DA" box="[718,808,727,753]" country="United States of America" name="Georgia" pageId="24" pageNumber="231">Georgia</collectingRegion>
(
<figureCitation id="13022A36C5123F45C7141E96729609DA" box="[825,896,727,753]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1755,1779]" captionTargetBox="[343,1254,181,1728]" captionTargetId="graphics-707@6.[28,2087,1,2911]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Map of the five species considered by our taxonomy from genetically verified recent localities (RAP collection; Anderson &amp; Tilley 2003; Beamer &amp; Lamb 2020; Karlin &amp; Guttman 1986; Kozak et al. 2005; Means et al. 2017; Pyron et al. 2022c; Tilley 2000; Tilley et al. 1978, 2008; Tilley &amp; Mahoney 1996). We include apalachicolae A2 and ocoee E within our concept of D. ocoee, for which the nominotypical lineage is ocoee F/G/H. Note that some individuals from these populations are admixed between one or more species, and hybrid zones exist between phylogeographic lineages within D. ocoee and D. perlapsus, primarily at the geographic margins where each adjacent lineage contacts its neighbor. Type localities are indicated with triangles, the population of unknown affinity from Horse Cove (GA: Gilmer; Fig. 21) is indicated with a gray dot, and the potential Cohutta populations are indicated with a “?.”" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7120211" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7120211/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="231">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
), due south of the
<typeStatus id="54828811C5123F45C0771E96759C09DA" box="[1114,1162,727,753]" pageId="24" pageNumber="231">type</typeStatus>
locality along the same general mountain range (
<collectorName id="26CC5365C5123F45C59D1EBA7328083E" box="[432,574,763,789]" pageId="24" pageNumber="231">S.P. Graham</collectorName>
,
<emphasis id="B94DEAA1C5123F45C6641EBA73C4083F" box="[585,722,763,788]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="231">pers. comm.</emphasis>
), and their identity is of great interest
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3236538C5123F45C4EA1F5E72EB0F56" pageId="24" pageNumber="231" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8B8636B3C5123F45C4EA1F5E734C088E" blockId="24.[151,1437,151,1149]" pageId="24" pageNumber="231">
<emphasis id="B94DEAA1C5123F45C4EA1F5E70440812" bold="true" box="[199,338,799,825]" pageId="24" pageNumber="231">Etymology:</emphasis>
Named after the
<typeStatus id="54828811C5123F45C60B1F5E73400812" box="[550,598,799,825]" pageId="24" pageNumber="231">type</typeStatus>
locality in
<taxonomicName id="4C394D30C5123F45C6CF1F5E72F50812" authority="Gorge. Various" authorityName="Gorge. Various" box="[738,995,799,825]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Desmognathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="24" pageNumber="231" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ocoee">Ocoee Gorge. Various</taxonomicName>
informal sources report “ocoee” as a Cherokee name for the Passionflower,
<taxonomicName id="4C394D30C5123F45C6721F02725D0877" box="[607,843,835,861]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Passiflora" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="24" pageNumber="231" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="incarnata">
<emphasis id="B94DEAA1C5123F45C6721F02725D0877" box="[607,843,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="231">Passiflora incarnata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(e.g., the state symbol of
<collectingRegion id="49FDF851C5123F45C0AA1F0275EB0876" box="[1159,1277,835,861]" country="United States of America" name="Tennessee" pageId="24" pageNumber="231">Tennessee</collectingRegion>
; https://www. tn.gov/about-tn/state-symbols.html). Name is a non-Latin noun used in apposition. The widely-used common name is “
<taxonomicName id="4C394D30C5123F45C4961FCA7085088E" authority="Salamander" authorityName="Salamander" box="[187,403,907,933]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Desmognathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="24" pageNumber="231" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ocoee">Ocoee Salamander</taxonomicName>
” (
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B42C5123F45C5861FCA735B088E" author="Schmidt, K. P." box="[427,589,906,933]" pageId="24" pageNumber="231" refId="ref16419" refString="Schmidt, K. P. (1953) A Check List of North American Amphibians and Reptiles. 6 th ed. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Illinois, 280 pp." type="book" year="1953">Schmidt 1953</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636B3C5123F45C4EA1FEE72EB0F56" blockId="24.[151,1437,151,1149]" pageId="24" pageNumber="231">
<emphasis id="B94DEAA1C5123F45C4EA1FEE700508E2" bold="true" box="[199,275,943,969]" pageId="24" pageNumber="231">Notes:</emphasis>
Consists of the
<taxonomicName id="4C394D30C5123F45C5E21FEE732508E3" box="[463,563,943,968]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Desmognathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="24" pageNumber="231" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ocoee">
<emphasis id="B94DEAA1C5123F45C5E21FEE732508E3" box="[463,563,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="231">D. ocoee</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
concept of
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B42C5123F45C6911FEE72F408E2" author="Tilley, S. G. &amp; Mahoney, M. J." box="[700,994,943,969]" pageId="24" pageNumber="231" pagination="1 - 42" refId="ref16803" refString="Tilley, S. G. &amp; Mahoney, M. J. (1996) Patterns of genetic differentiation in salamanders of the Desmognathus ochrophaeus complex (Amphibia: Plethodontidae). Herpetological Monographs, 10, 1 - 42. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 1466979" type="journal article" year="1996">Tilley &amp; Mahoney (1996)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B42C5123F45C0371FEE745508E2" author="Anderson, J. A. &amp; Tilley, S. G." box="[1050,1347,943,969]" pageId="24" pageNumber="231" pagination="75 - 110" refId="ref12301" refString="Anderson, J. A. &amp; Tilley, S. G. (2003) Systematics of the Desmognathus ochrophaeus complex in the Cumberland Plateau of Tennessee. Herpetological Monographs, 17, 75 - 110. https: // doi. org / 10.1655 / 0733 - 1347 (2003) 017 [0075: SOTDOC] 2.0. CO; 2" type="journal article" year="2003">Anderson &amp; Tilley (2003)</bibRefCitation>
in part, the
<taxonomicName id="4C394D30C5123F45C4EF1F92701508C7" box="[194,259,979,1004]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Desmognathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="24" pageNumber="231" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ocoee">
<emphasis id="B94DEAA1C5123F45C4EF1F92701508C7" box="[194,259,979,1004]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="231">ocoee</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
E–H lineages of
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B42C5123F45C5E01F9273BB08C6" author="Kozak, K. H. &amp; Larson, A. &amp; Bonett, R. M. &amp; Harmon, L. J." box="[461,685,978,1005]" pageId="24" pageNumber="231" pagination="2000 - 2016" refId="ref15009" refString="Kozak, K. H., Larson, A., Bonett, R. M. &amp; Harmon, L. J. (2005) Phylogenetic analysis of ecomorphological divergence, community structure, and diversification rates in dusky salamanders (Plethodontidae: Desmognathus). Evolution, 59, 2000 - 2016. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 0014 - 3820.2005. tb 01069. x" type="journal article" year="2005">
Kozak
<emphasis id="B94DEAA1C5123F45C6321F92734F08C6" box="[543,601,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="231">et al.</emphasis>
(2005)
</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B42C5123F45C6CA1F92751908C6" author="Beamer, D. A. &amp; Lamb, T." box="[743,1039,979,1005]" pageId="24" pageNumber="231" pagination="1 - 61" refId="ref12430" refString="Beamer, D. A. &amp; Lamb, T. (2020) Towards rectifying limitations on species delineation in dusky salamanders (Desmognathus: Plethodontidae): an ecoregion-drainage sampling grid reveals additional cryptic clades. Zootaxa, 4734 (1), 1 - 61. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4734.1.1" type="journal article" year="2020">Beamer and Lamb (2020)</bibRefCitation>
, and the
<taxonomicName id="4C394D30C5123F45C0541F92740E08C6" authorityName="Means &amp; Karlin" authorityYear="1989" box="[1145,1304,979,1005]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Desmognathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="24" pageNumber="231" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="apalachicolae">
<emphasis id="B94DEAA1C5123F45C0541F92740E08C6" box="[1145,1304,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="231">apalachicolae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
A2 lineage of
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B42C5123F45C49A1FB670DD0F3A" author="Beamer, D. A. &amp; Lamb, T." box="[183,459,1015,1041]" pageId="24" pageNumber="231" pagination="143 - 153" refId="ref12365" refString="Beamer, D. A. &amp; Lamb, T. (2008) Dusky salamanders (Desmognathus, Plethodontidae) from the Coastal Plain: multiple independent lineages and their bearing on the molecular phylogeny of the genus. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 47, 143 - 153. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ympev. 2008.01.015" type="journal article" year="2008">Beamer &amp; Lamb (2008)</bibRefCitation>
as defined by
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B42C5123F45C6581FB672480F3A" author="Pyron, R. A. &amp; O'Connell, K. A. &amp; Lemmon, E. M. &amp; Lemmon, A. R. &amp; Beamer, D. A." box="[629,862,1015,1041]" pageId="24" pageNumber="231" pagination="8574" refId="ref16099" refString="Pyron, R. A., O'Connell, K. A., Lemmon, E. M., Lemmon, A. R. &amp; Beamer, D. A. (2022 c) Candidate-species delimitation in Desmognathus salamanders reveals gene flow across lineage boundaries, confounding phylogenetic estimation and clarifying hybrid zones. Ecology and Evolution, 12, e 8574. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / ece 3.8574" type="journal article" year="2022">
Pyron
<emphasis id="B94DEAA1C5123F45C6EC1FB673ED0F3A" box="[705,763,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="231">et al.</emphasis>
(2022c)
</bibRefCitation>
. Future work may reach more subtle and complex taxonomic conclusions regarding the specific identity of the
<taxonomicName id="4C394D30C5123F45C71B185A72610F1F" box="[822,887,1051,1076]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Desmognathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="24" pageNumber="231" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ocoee">
<emphasis id="B94DEAA1C5123F45C71B185A72610F1F" box="[822,887,1051,1076]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="231">ocoee</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
E and
<taxonomicName id="4C394D30C5123F45C7EE185A75740F1E" authorityName="Means &amp; Karlin" authorityYear="1989" box="[963,1122,1051,1077]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Desmognathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="24" pageNumber="231" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="apalachicolae">
<emphasis id="B94DEAA1C5123F45C7EE185A75740F1E" box="[963,1122,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="231">apalachicolae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
A2 lineages. Extensive data on the biology of this species exist but will need to be carefully disambiguated from
<taxonomicName id="4C394D30C5123F45C077187E75FC0F72" authorityName="Neill" authorityYear="1950" box="[1114,1258,1087,1113]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Desmognathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="24" pageNumber="231" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="perlapsus">
<emphasis id="B94DEAA1C5123F45C077187E75FC0F72" box="[1114,1258,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="231">D. perlapsus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by reference to geography; see bibliographies in
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B42C5123F45C627182273D00F56" author="Valentine, B. D." box="[522,710,1123,1149]" pageId="24" pageNumber="231" refId="ref17066" refString="Valentine, B. D. (1964) Desmognathus ocoee. In: Reimer, W. J. (Ed.), Catalogue of American Amphibians and Reptiles. Vol. 7. American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists, Kensington, pp. 1 - 2." type="book" year="1964">Valentine (1964)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B42C5123F45C6D1182272EF0F56" author="Camp, C. D. &amp; Tilley, S. G." box="[764,1017,1122,1149]" pageId="24" pageNumber="231" pagination="719 - 721" refId="ref12950" refString="Camp, C. D. &amp; Tilley, S. G. (2005) Desmognathus ocoee Nicholls, 1949: Ocoee Salamander. In: M. J. Lannoo (Ed), Amphibian declines: the conservation status of United States species. University of California Press, Los Angeles, California, pp. 719 - 721." type="book chapter" year="2005">Camp &amp; Tilley (2005)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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