451 lines
100 KiB
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451 lines
100 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="D925C7D27122023ED6BC0A84C4D872C5">Taxonomy, ecology and zoogeography of the Recent species of Rhamphostomella Lorenz, 1886 and Mixtoscutella n. gen. (Bryozoa, Cheilostomata)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="E1D06FA6080FC6DDD779DC32C1C796FC">Grischenko, Andrei V.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="5DBC36123231A4B7ED320CAE34C8A3D8">Gordon, Dennis P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="669F762F94DF39D1371CF05A608A8849">Taylor, Paul D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="0E630B9E42E3DF97BA420D953C91F996">Kuklinski, Piotr</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="E718DDF0CC4B14F7D2A36B65AB2317B0">Denisenko, Nina V.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="3D9740AD89BF337AF55C9A4D9303D868">Spencer-Jones, Mary E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="D78004A04200D299F8A36563643EAA1D">Ostrovsky, Andrew N.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="2362C947A4FBA168A4249595900A3610">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="9ED6A2EDEFBE3956F72EE86B31751B31">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="481D7E3EA74A02D7FA822CCB47C4F86C">2022-05-02</mods:number>
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<treatment id="038923740B3D3330FF73A86F181FF909" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6520677" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209285973" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6520677" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038923740B3D3330FF73A86F181FF909" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038923740B3D3330FF73A86F181FF909" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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<paragraph id="8B9F92620B3D3337FF73A86F1B0EF8B9" blockId="10.[151,633,1806,1869]" box="[151,633,1806,1833]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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<heading id="D0D7250E0B3D3337FF73A86F1B0EF8B9" bold="true" box="[151,633,1806,1833]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" reason="4">
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<emphasis id="B9544E700B3D3337FF73A86F1B0EF8B9" bold="true" box="[151,633,1806,1833]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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<taxonomicName id="4C20E9E10B3D3337FF73A86F1B47F8B9" authority="Grischenko & Gordon & Taylor & Kuklinski & Denisenko & Spencer-Jones & Ostrovsky, 2022" authorityName="Grischenko & Gordon & Taylor & Kuklinski & Denisenko & Spencer-Jones & Ostrovsky" authorityYear="2022" box="[151,560,1806,1833]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Umbonulidae" genus="Rhamphostomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="commandorica" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B9544E700B3D3337FF73A86F1B47F8B9" bold="true" box="[151,560,1806,1833]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Rhamphostomella commandorica</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A267F30B0B3D3337FDD3A86E1B0EF8B9" box="[567,633,1807,1833]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33AC1E90B3D3337FF73A852185BF8DD" box="[151,300,1843,1869]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B9F92620B3D3337FF73A852185BF8DD" blockId="10.[151,633,1806,1869]" box="[151,300,1843,1869]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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(
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<figureCitation id="131B8EE70B3D3337FF7BA852199FF8DD" box="[159,232,1843,1869]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1615,1639]" captionTargetBox="[226,1362,181,1591]" captionTargetId="figure-17@11.[226,1362,181,1591]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 2. Rhamphostomella commandorica n. sp. Holotype, ZIRAS 1/50125 (Medny Island, Commander Islands, Pacific Ocean). A. Colony margin with developing zooids. B. Distolateral view of young zooids, showing details of primary orifice and suboral avicularium. C. Non-ovicellate zooids in young part of colony (arrow, communication pore of future ooecium). D. Lateral view of autozooids in young part of colony, showing details of suboral avicularia. E. Ovicellate zooids in older part of colony with suboral and adventitious avicularia. F. Ooecium overgrown by secondary calcification, showing arrangement of pseudopores. G. Group of ovicellate zooids in older part of colony. H. Distolateral view of frontal shield, showing comparative size and shape of suboral and adventitious avicularia. I. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar, areolae and ooecial communication pore (arrow). J. Internal view of primary orifice. K. Basal colony surface, showing small protuberances. L. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar and exterior wall microstructure of umbonuloid component. M. Lateral view of zooidal row, showing ooecia (some covered by secondary calcification) and adventitious avicularia on frontal surface, tubular processes on basal surface, and lateral wall with mural pore chambers. Scale bars:A, G, K, 500 μm; B, H, M, 200 μm; C–E, 250 μm; F, I, J, 100 μm; L, 50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6521127" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6521127/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Figs 2</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="131B8EE70B3D3337FF10A8521854F8DD" box="[244,291,1843,1869]" captionStart="FIGURE 30" captionStartId="90.[151,250,1204,1228]" captionTargetBox="[153,1434,181,1180]" captionTargetId="figure-20@90.[153,1434,181,1180]" captionTargetPageId="90" captionText="FIGURE 30. Basal colony surface insome Rhamphostomellaspecies.A. R. scabra, ZIRAS 93/50106 (BeringIsland, Commander Islands, Pacific Ocean), colony fragment developed above irregular substrate, showing broken protuberances and pits formed above sponge spicules. B. R. commandorica, ZIRAS 1/50125 (Medny Island, Commander Islands, Pacific Ocean), colony fragment, showing smooth surface with rare thin protuberances. C. R. cristata, ZIRAS 2/50110 (Medny Island, Commander Islands, Pacific Ocean), colony area growing above crustose coralline algae Lithothamnion sp., showing regular series of columnar protuberances with broad bases. D. R. gigantea, ZIRAS 3/50129 (western Kamchatka shelf, Sea of Okhotsk), colony detached from internal side of broken shell of bivalve mollusc Chlamys sp. E. R. pacifica, ZIRAS 1/50124 (Kronotsky Gulf, eastern Kamchatka, Pacific Ocean), colony developed above irregular substratum. F. R. curvirostrata, NHMUK 1964.1.2.7 (Pacific coast of North America), colony margin with developing zooids, supported by long tubular processes. G. R. hincksi, USNM 11130 (Point Barrow, Alaska, Beaufort Sea), basal surface with long tubular protuberances. H. R. sibirica, ZIRAS 34/50113 (Medny Island, Commander Islands, Bering Sea), basal surface with long tubular protuberances. I. R. multirostrata, ZIRAS 1/50545 (Urup Island, Kuril Islands, Sea of Okhotsk), colony detached from a sponge, showing marginal zooids with regular series of tubular protuberances. Scale bars: 500 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6544589" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6544589/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">30B</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33AC1E90B3D3331FF73A81B18A3FE65" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8B9F92620B3D3331FF73A81B18A3FE65" blockId="10.[151,1437,1914,2013]" lastBlockId="12.[151,1437,151,501]" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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<emphasis id="B9544E700B3D3337FF73A81B1865F804" bold="true" box="[151,274,1914,1940]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Colony encrusting,multiserial.Zooids large, hexagonal to oval.Frontal shield convex, pustulose.Marginal areolae large, separated by high interareolar ridges connected with cystid of suboral avicularium. Umbonuloid component extensive. Primary orifice sunken, broadly semicircular to bell-shaped, with blunt condyles; proximal margin with low, wide median prominence. No oral spines. Secondary orifice irregularly oval, cormidial. Suboral avicularian cystid large, bulging, occupying most of frontal shield, finely granulated. Avicularian frontal surface situated asymmetrically in respect to zooidal orifice, crossing zooidal midline, facing distolaterally and slightly overhanging proximal margin of primary orifice. Rostrum semicircular, blunt. Palate short, broadly triangular to semiround. Crossbar complete. Large adventitious avicularia also present, often associated with ooecia. Rostrum elongate-oval or elongate-triangular, blunt. Palate elongate-triangular or spatulate. Palatal foramen heart-shaped. Crossbar complete, with small ligula. Ovicells hyperstomial, rapidly subimmersed by secondary calcification. Ectooecium smooth, with pseudopores arranged in arch around a few central pseudopores. Two mural pore chambers in distolateral wall, and 1‒3 multiporous septula in transverse walls. Basal surface of zooids fully calcified with some tubular protuberances.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="DF5FC2EA0B3C3336FF73A92E18BEF863" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6521127" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6521127" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6521127/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" startId="11.[151,250,1615,1639]" targetBox="[226,1362,181,1591]" targetPageId="11">
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<paragraph id="8B9F92620B3C3336FF73A92E18BEF863" blockId="11.[151,1437,1615,2035]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<emphasis id="B9544E700B3C3336FF73A92E1862F9F7" bold="true" box="[151,277,1615,1639]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C20E9E10B3C3336FEF9A92E1B03F9F7" authority="Grischenko & Gordon & Taylor & Kuklinski & Denisenko & Spencer-Jones & Ostrovsky, 2022" authorityName="Grischenko & Gordon & Taylor & Kuklinski & Denisenko & Spencer-Jones & Ostrovsky" authorityYear="2022" box="[285,628,1615,1639]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Umbonulidae" genus="Rhamphostomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="commandorica" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B9544E700B3C3336FEF9A92E1B03F9F7" box="[285,628,1615,1639]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Rhamphostomella commandorica</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="B9544E700B3C3336FD98A92E1BC0F9F7" bold="true" box="[636,695,1615,1639]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A267F30B0B3C3336FD98A92E1BC0F9F7" box="[636,695,1615,1639]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B9544E700B3C3336FD5AA92E1A6CF9F7" box="[702,795,1615,1639]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Holotype</emphasis>
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||
, ZIRAS 1/50125 (Medny Island, Commander Islands, Pacific Ocean). A. Colony margin with developing zooids. B. Distolateral view of young zooids, showing details of primary orifice and suboral avicularium. C. Non-ovicellate zooids in young part of colony (arrow, communication pore of future ooecium). D. Lateral view of autozooids in young part of colony, showing details of suboral avicularia. E. Ovicellate zooids in older part of colony with suboral and adventitious avicularia. F. Ooecium overgrown by secondary calcification, showing arrangement of pseudopores. G. Group of ovicellate zooids in older part of colony. H. Distolateral view of frontal shield, showing comparative size and shape of suboral and adventitious avicularia. I. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar, areolae and ooecial communication pore (arrow). J. Internal view of primary orifice. K. Basal colony surface, showing small protuberances. L. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar and exterior wall microstructure of umbonuloid component. M. Lateral view of zooidal row, showing ooecia (some covered by secondary calcification) and adventitious avicularia on frontal surface, tubular processes on basal surface, and lateral wall with mural pore chambers. Scale bars: A, G, K, 500 μm; B, H, M, 200 μm; C–E, 250 μm; F, I, J, 100 μm; L, 50 μm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<subSubSection id="C33AC1E90B3B3331FF73AD431A89FD5D" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8B9F92620B3B3331FF73AD431A89FD5D" blockId="12.[151,1437,546,2013]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<emphasis id="B9544E700B3B3331FF73AD4318F6FDAC" bold="true" box="[151,385,546,572]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Material examined.</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="3B48983F0B3B3331FE6DAD421AFBFD15" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4027405415" collectingDate="1973-10-02" collectionCode="ZIRAS" collectorName="S. D. Vavilin." county="Pacific Ocean" elevation="190" latitude="54.613335" location="Collection" longLatPrecision="106" longitude="167.35834" municipality="Commander Islands" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" specimenCode="ZIRAS 1" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis id="B9544E700B3B3331FE6DAD421887FDAD" box="[393,496,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<typeStatus id="549B2CC00B3B3331FE6DAD421887FDAD" box="[393,496,547,573]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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:
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB863A190B3B3331FE1BAD421B16FDAD" box="[511,609,546,573]" collectionCode="ZIRAS" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">ZIRAS 1</specimenCode>
|
||
/50125, single colony fragment, IMB
|
||
<location id="8EFFC4B90B3B3331FBF5AD421DFEFDAD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038923740B3D3330FF73A86F181FF909:8EFFC4B90B3B3331FBF5AD421DFEFDAD" box="[1041,1161,547,573]" county="Pacific Ocean" latitude="54.613335" longLatPrecision="106" longitude="167.35834" municipality="Commander Islands" name="Collection" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Collection</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EFFC4B90B3B3331FB71AD421DCDFDAD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038923740B3D3330FF73A86F181FF909:8EFFC4B90B3B3331FB71AD421DCDFDAD" box="[1173,1210,547,573]" county="Pacific Ocean" latitude="54.613335" longLatPrecision="106" longitude="167.35834" municipality="Commander Islands" name="Stn" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Stn</location>
|
||
224/582,
|
||
<date id="FF9EB4A20B3B3331FAC8AD4219A5FDF1" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="1973-10-02">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFDA4D4A0B3B3331FAC8AD4219A5FDF1" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="1973-10-02">2 October 1973</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EFFC4B90B3B3331FF00AD2618B4FDF1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038923740B3D3330FF73A86F181FF909:8EFFC4B90B3B3331FF00AD2618B4FDF1" box="[228,451,583,609]" county="Pacific Ocean" latitude="54.613335" longLatPrecision="106" longitude="167.35834" municipality="Commander Islands" name="Poludennaya Bight" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Poludennaya Bight</location>
|
||
, coastal waters of
|
||
<location id="8EFFC4B90B3B3331FD48AD261A27FDF1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038923740B3D3330FF73A86F181FF909:8EFFC4B90B3B3331FD48AD261A27FDF1" box="[684,848,583,609]" county="Pacific Ocean" latitude="54.613335" longLatPrecision="106" longitude="167.35834" municipality="Commander Islands" name="Medny Island" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Medny Island</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BFB08180B3B3331FC86AD261D3BFDF1" box="[866,1100,583,609]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Commander Islands</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62FEEAEE0B3B3331FBBAAD261C74FDF1" box="[1118,1283,583,609]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Pacific Ocean</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE14F4A50B3B3331FAF1AD291CEFFDF1" box="[1301,1432,583,611]" degrees="54" direction="north" minutes="36.8" orientation="latitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" precision="92" value="54.613335">54°36.8ʹ N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE14F4A50B3B3331FF73AD0D1869FD15" box="[151,286,619,647]" degrees="167" direction="east" minutes="21.5" orientation="longitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" precision="92" value="167.35834">167°21.5ʹ E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, depth
|
||
<quantity id="4CD83F870B3B3331FE94AD0B1886FD15" box="[368,497,618,645]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="m" value="190.0" valueMax="250.0" valueMin="130.0">
|
||
<elevation id="000D75510B3B3331FE94AD0B1886FD15" box="[368,497,618,645]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="m" value="190.0" valueMax="250.0" valueMin="130.0">130–250 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
, rock dredge, collector
|
||
<collectorName id="26D5F7B40B3B3331FD1FAD0A1AFBFD15" box="[763,908,619,645]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">S.D. Vavilin.</collectorName>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B48983F0B3B3331FC77AD0A1CEFFD15" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4027405442" box="[915,1432,619,645]" collectionCode="NHMUK" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" specimenCode="NHMUK 2013.10" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9544E700B3B3331FC77AD0A1A8DFD14" box="[915,1018,619,644]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<typeStatus id="549B2CC00B3B3331FC77AD0A1A8DFD14" box="[915,1018,619,644]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCode id="DB863A190B3B3331FBECAD0A1DACFD15" box="[1032,1243,619,645]" collectionCode="NHMUK" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="Museum">NHMUK 2013.10</specimenCode>
|
||
.21.1, one colony
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B48983F0B3B3331FF73ADEE1BFAFD5D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4027405395" collectingDate="2011-07-17" collectionCode="RV" country="American Samoa" county="Pacific Ocean" elevation="10" latitude="51.77" location="Norseman" longLatPrecision="108" longitude="-176.42667" municipality="Aleutian Islands" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED310AA70B3B3331FF73ADEE19CCFD39" box="[151,187,655,681]" country="Italy" name="Collection of Leptospira Strains" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">RV</collectionCode>
|
||
<emphasis id="B9544E700B3B3331FF26ADEE1842FD38" box="[194,309,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<location id="8EFFC4B90B3B3331FF26ADEE1842FD38" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038923740B3D3330FF73A86F181FF909:8EFFC4B90B3B3331FF26ADEE1842FD38" box="[194,309,655,680]" country="American Samoa" county="Pacific Ocean" latitude="51.77" longLatPrecision="108" longitude="-176.42667" municipality="Aleutian Islands" name="Norseman" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Norseman</location>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EFFC4B90B3B3331FEA7ADEE181FFD39" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038923740B3D3330FF73A86F181FF909:8EFFC4B90B3B3331FEA7ADEE181FFD39" box="[323,360,655,681]" country="American Samoa" county="Pacific Ocean" latitude="51.77" longLatPrecision="108" longitude="-176.42667" municipality="Aleutian Islands" name="Stn" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Stn</location>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F337D2F20B3B3331FE8AADEE18E1FD39" box="[366,406,655,681]" name="American Samoa" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">AS</collectingCountry>
|
||
–1,
|
||
<date id="FF9EB4A20B3B3331FE58ADEE1B38FD39" box="[444,591,655,681]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="2011-07-17">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFDA4D4A0B3B3331FE58ADEE1B38FD39" box="[444,591,655,681]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="2011-07-17">17 July 2011</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, coastal waters of
|
||
<location id="8EFFC4B90B3B3331FCFFADEE1AD1FD39" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038923740B3D3330FF73A86F181FF909:8EFFC4B90B3B3331FCFFADEE1AD1FD39" box="[795,934,655,681]" country="American Samoa" county="Pacific Ocean" latitude="51.77" longLatPrecision="108" longitude="-176.42667" municipality="Aleutian Islands" name="Adak Island" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Adak Island</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EFFC4B90B3B3331FC4BADEE1DF7FD39" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038923740B3D3330FF73A86F181FF909:8EFFC4B90B3B3331FC4BADEE1DF7FD39" box="[943,1152,655,681]" country="American Samoa" county="Pacific Ocean" latitude="51.77" longLatPrecision="108" longitude="-176.42667" municipality="Aleutian Islands" name="Andreanof Islands" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Andreanof Islands</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BFB08180B3B3331FB6EADEE1C34FD39" box="[1162,1347,655,681]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Aleutian Islands</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62FEEAEE0B3B3331FAABADEE1996FD5D" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Pacific Ocean</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE14F4A50B3B3331FF09ADD5181EFD5D" box="[237,361,691,719]" degrees="51" direction="north" minutes="46.2" orientation="latitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" precision="92" value="51.77">51°46.2ʹ N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE14F4A50B3B3331FE90ADD51B75FD5D" box="[372,514,691,719]" degrees="176" direction="west" minutes="25.6" orientation="longitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" precision="92" value="-176.42667">176°25.6ʹ W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, depth
|
||
<quantity id="4CD83F870B3B3331FDB6ADD21BFAFD5D" box="[594,653,691,717]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="m" value="10.0">
|
||
<elevation id="000D75510B3B3331FDB6ADD21BFAFD5D" box="[594,653,691,717]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="m" value="10.0">10 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B48983F0B3B3331FD7DADD21A89FD5D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4027405353" box="[665,1022,691,717]" collectionCode="SCUBA" collectorName="P. Kuklinski." country="American Samoa" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED310AA70B3B3331FD7DADD21B8EFD5D" box="[665,761,691,717]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">SCUBA</collectionCode>
|
||
, collector
|
||
<collectorName id="26D5F7B40B3B3331FC89ADD21A89FD5D" box="[877,1022,691,717]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">P. Kuklinski.</collectorName>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33AC1E90B3B3331FF23ADB61870FC85" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9F92620B3B3331FF23ADB61870FC85" blockId="12.[151,1437,546,2013]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9544E700B3B3331FF23ADB61839FD61" bold="true" box="[199,334,727,753]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The species name alludes to the
|
||
<typeStatus id="549B2CC00B3B3331FD54ADB61B97FD61" box="[688,736,727,753]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality in the Commander Islands (in Russian, “Komandorskie ostrova”).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33AC1E90B3B3331FF23AC7E1B60FCCD" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9F92620B3B3331FF23AC7E1B60FCCD" blockId="12.[151,1437,546,2013]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B48983F0B3B3331FF23AC7E1B60FCCD" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4027405468" county="Pacific Ocean" elevation="190" latitude="54.613335" location="Poludennaya Bight" longLatPrecision="106" longitude="167.35834" municipality="Commander Islands" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9544E700B3B3331FF23AC7E1813FCA8" bold="true" box="[199,356,798,825]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<typeStatus id="549B2CC00B3B3331FF23AC7E1875FCA9" box="[199,258,799,825]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<location id="8EFFC4B90B3B3331FE8DAC7E1B37FCA9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038923740B3D3330FF73A86F181FF909:8EFFC4B90B3B3331FE8DAC7E1B37FCA9" box="[361,576,799,825]" county="Pacific Ocean" latitude="54.613335" longLatPrecision="106" longitude="167.35834" municipality="Commander Islands" name="Poludennaya Bight" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Poludennaya Bight</location>
|
||
, coastal waters of
|
||
<location id="8EFFC4B90B3B3331FCE3AC7E1AD5FCA9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038923740B3D3330FF73A86F181FF909:8EFFC4B90B3B3331FCE3AC7E1AD5FCA9" box="[775,930,799,825]" county="Pacific Ocean" latitude="54.613335" longLatPrecision="106" longitude="167.35834" municipality="Commander Islands" name="Medny Island" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Medny Island</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BFB08180B3B3331FC48AC7E1DF9FCA9" box="[940,1166,799,825]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Commander Islands</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62FEEAEE0B3B3331FB73AC7E1C43FCA9" box="[1175,1332,799,825]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Pacific Ocean</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE14F4A50B3B3331FADAAC4119D9FCCD" degrees="54" direction="north" minutes="36.8" orientation="latitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" precision="92" value="54.613335">54°36.8ʹ N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE14F4A50B3B3331FF5DAC251837FCCD" box="[185,320,835,863]" degrees="167" direction="east" minutes="21.5" orientation="longitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" precision="92" value="167.35834">167°21.5ʹ E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, depth
|
||
<quantity id="4CD83F870B3B3331FE75AC231B64FCCD" box="[401,531,834,861]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="m" value="190.0" valueMax="250.0" valueMin="130.0">
|
||
<elevation id="000D75510B3B3331FE75AC231B64FCCD" box="[401,531,834,861]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="m" value="190.0" valueMax="250.0" valueMin="130.0">130–250 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33AC1E90B3B3330FF23AC061BCFFB55" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9F92620B3B3331FF23AC061DF0FC7D" blockId="12.[151,1437,546,2013]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9544E700B3B3331FF23AC061809FC11" bold="true" box="[199,382,871,897]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Measurements.</emphasis>
|
||
ZIRAS 1/50125, Medny Island, Commander Islands, Pacific Ocean (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131B8EE70B3B3331FB7CAC061C69FC11" box="[1176,1310,871,897]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1615,1639]" captionTargetBox="[226,1362,181,1591]" captionTargetId="figure-17@11.[226,1362,181,1591]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 2. Rhamphostomella commandorica n. sp. Holotype, ZIRAS 1/50125 (Medny Island, Commander Islands, Pacific Ocean). A. Colony margin with developing zooids. B. Distolateral view of young zooids, showing details of primary orifice and suboral avicularium. C. Non-ovicellate zooids in young part of colony (arrow, communication pore of future ooecium). D. Lateral view of autozooids in young part of colony, showing details of suboral avicularia. E. Ovicellate zooids in older part of colony with suboral and adventitious avicularia. F. Ooecium overgrown by secondary calcification, showing arrangement of pseudopores. G. Group of ovicellate zooids in older part of colony. H. Distolateral view of frontal shield, showing comparative size and shape of suboral and adventitious avicularia. I. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar, areolae and ooecial communication pore (arrow). J. Internal view of primary orifice. K. Basal colony surface, showing small protuberances. L. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar and exterior wall microstructure of umbonuloid component. M. Lateral view of zooidal row, showing ooecia (some covered by secondary calcification) and adventitious avicularia on frontal surface, tubular processes on basal surface, and lateral wall with mural pore chambers. Scale bars:A, G, K, 500 μm; B, H, M, 200 μm; C–E, 250 μm; F, I, J, 100 μm; L, 50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6521127" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6521127/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Figs 2A–M</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="131B8EE70B3B3331FACFAC061C29FC11" box="[1323,1374,871,897]" captionStart="FIGURE 30" captionStartId="90.[151,250,1204,1228]" captionTargetBox="[153,1434,181,1180]" captionTargetId="figure-20@90.[153,1434,181,1180]" captionTargetPageId="90" captionText="FIGURE 30. Basal colony surface insome Rhamphostomellaspecies.A. R. scabra, ZIRAS 93/50106 (BeringIsland, Commander Islands, Pacific Ocean), colony fragment developed above irregular substrate, showing broken protuberances and pits formed above sponge spicules. B. R. commandorica, ZIRAS 1/50125 (Medny Island, Commander Islands, Pacific Ocean), colony fragment, showing smooth surface with rare thin protuberances. C. R. cristata, ZIRAS 2/50110 (Medny Island, Commander Islands, Pacific Ocean), colony area growing above crustose coralline algae Lithothamnion sp., showing regular series of columnar protuberances with broad bases. D. R. gigantea, ZIRAS 3/50129 (western Kamchatka shelf, Sea of Okhotsk), colony detached from internal side of broken shell of bivalve mollusc Chlamys sp. E. R. pacifica, ZIRAS 1/50124 (Kronotsky Gulf, eastern Kamchatka, Pacific Ocean), colony developed above irregular substratum. F. R. curvirostrata, NHMUK 1964.1.2.7 (Pacific coast of North America), colony margin with developing zooids, supported by long tubular processes. G. R. hincksi, USNM 11130 (Point Barrow, Alaska, Beaufort Sea), basal surface with long tubular protuberances. H. R. sibirica, ZIRAS 34/50113 (Medny Island, Commander Islands, Bering Sea), basal surface with long tubular protuberances. I. R. multirostrata, ZIRAS 1/50545 (Urup Island, Kuril Islands, Sea of Okhotsk), colony detached from a sponge, showing marginal zooids with regular series of tubular protuberances. Scale bars: 500 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6544589" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6544589/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">30B</figureCitation>
|
||
). ZL, 0.77–1.28 (1.03 ± 0.12). ZW, 0.47–0.75 (0.59 ± 0.07). ZD, 0.62–0.67 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B9544E700B3B3331FC52ACEA1AB3FC34" box="[950,964,907,932]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 2). OrL, 0.22–0.30 (0.26 ± 0.02). OrW, 0.22–0.35 (0.28 ± 0.03). OeL, 0.32–0.45 (0.39 ± 0.03). OeW, 0.42–0.58 (0.51 ± 0.04). Av(s)L, 0.15–0.28 (0.20 ± 0.03). Av(ad)L, 0.37–0.53 (0.44 ± 0.04). P(m)N, 12–18 (14). P(oe)N, 11–16 (15) (
|
||
<emphasis id="B9544E700B3B3331FBCBACB21D4AFC7C" box="[1071,1085,979,1004]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 10).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9F92620B3B3331FF23AC961A84FBC9" blockId="12.[151,1437,546,2013]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
NHMUK 2013.10.21.1, Adak Island, Aleutian Islands, Pacific Ocean. ZL, 0.59–1.08 (0.85 ± 0.09). ZW, 0.34– 0.57 (0.45 ± 0.06). ZD, 0.55–0.61 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B9544E700B3B3331FDC1AB7A1B44FBA4" box="[549,563,1051,1076]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 2). OrL, 0.16–0.24 (0.20 ± 0.02) (
|
||
<emphasis id="B9544E700B3B3331FC2BAB7A1AAAFBA4" box="[975,989,1051,1076]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 25). OrW, 0.18–0.28 (0.23 ± 0.02) (
|
||
<emphasis id="B9544E700B3B3331FA6AAB7A1CEBFBA4" box="[1422,1436,1051,1076]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 25). Av(s)L, 0.12–0.17 (0.14 ± 0.01) (
|
||
<emphasis id="B9544E700B3B3331FDB2AB5E1B13FBC8" box="[598,612,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 14). P(m)N, 14–24 (19) (
|
||
<emphasis id="B9544E700B3B3331FC7FAB5E1ADEFBC8" box="[923,937,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 10).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9F92620B3B3331FF23AB0318F1FB79" blockId="12.[151,1437,546,2013]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9544E700B3B3331FF23AB03182EFBEC" bold="true" box="[199,345,1122,1148]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Colonies encrusting, multiserial, unilaminar (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131B8EE70B3B3331FCB2AB021AD8FBED" box="[854,943,1123,1149]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1615,1639]" captionTargetBox="[226,1362,181,1591]" captionTargetId="figure-17@11.[226,1362,181,1591]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 2. Rhamphostomella commandorica n. sp. Holotype, ZIRAS 1/50125 (Medny Island, Commander Islands, Pacific Ocean). A. Colony margin with developing zooids. B. Distolateral view of young zooids, showing details of primary orifice and suboral avicularium. C. Non-ovicellate zooids in young part of colony (arrow, communication pore of future ooecium). D. Lateral view of autozooids in young part of colony, showing details of suboral avicularia. E. Ovicellate zooids in older part of colony with suboral and adventitious avicularia. F. Ooecium overgrown by secondary calcification, showing arrangement of pseudopores. G. Group of ovicellate zooids in older part of colony. H. Distolateral view of frontal shield, showing comparative size and shape of suboral and adventitious avicularia. I. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar, areolae and ooecial communication pore (arrow). J. Internal view of primary orifice. K. Basal colony surface, showing small protuberances. L. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar and exterior wall microstructure of umbonuloid component. M. Lateral view of zooidal row, showing ooecia (some covered by secondary calcification) and adventitious avicularia on frontal surface, tubular processes on basal surface, and lateral wall with mural pore chambers. Scale bars:A, G, K, 500 μm; B, H, M, 200 μm; C–E, 250 μm; F, I, J, 100 μm; L, 50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6521127" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6521127/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
|
||
), more or less circular, attaining 12 ×
|
||
<quantity id="4CD83F870B3B3331FAABAB031CEAFBED" box="[1359,1437,1122,1149]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="mm" value="15.0">15 mm</quantity>
|
||
in size, pink when dry. Zooids large, hexagonal to oval, arranged in regular rows in checkered pattern, demarcated by fine sutures between lateral and transverse walls (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131B8EE70B3B3331FD13ABCA1A00FB55" box="[759,887,1195,1221]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1615,1639]" captionTargetBox="[226,1362,181,1591]" captionTargetId="figure-17@11.[226,1362,181,1591]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 2. Rhamphostomella commandorica n. sp. Holotype, ZIRAS 1/50125 (Medny Island, Commander Islands, Pacific Ocean). A. Colony margin with developing zooids. B. Distolateral view of young zooids, showing details of primary orifice and suboral avicularium. C. Non-ovicellate zooids in young part of colony (arrow, communication pore of future ooecium). D. Lateral view of autozooids in young part of colony, showing details of suboral avicularia. E. Ovicellate zooids in older part of colony with suboral and adventitious avicularia. F. Ooecium overgrown by secondary calcification, showing arrangement of pseudopores. G. Group of ovicellate zooids in older part of colony. H. Distolateral view of frontal shield, showing comparative size and shape of suboral and adventitious avicularia. I. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar, areolae and ooecial communication pore (arrow). J. Internal view of primary orifice. K. Basal colony surface, showing small protuberances. L. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar and exterior wall microstructure of umbonuloid component. M. Lateral view of zooidal row, showing ooecia (some covered by secondary calcification) and adventitious avicularia on frontal surface, tubular processes on basal surface, and lateral wall with mural pore chambers. Scale bars:A, G, K, 500 μm; B, H, M, 200 μm; C–E, 250 μm; F, I, J, 100 μm; L, 50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6521127" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6521127/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 2A–D</figureCitation>
|
||
); sutures occluded by secondary calcification in older parts of colony.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9F92620B3B3331FF23AB921C10FA51" blockId="12.[151,1437,546,2013]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
Frontal shield umbonuloid (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131B8EE70B3B3331FDEDAB921BD7FA9D" box="[521,672,1267,1293]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1615,1639]" captionTargetBox="[226,1362,181,1591]" captionTargetId="figure-17@11.[226,1362,181,1591]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 2. Rhamphostomella commandorica n. sp. Holotype, ZIRAS 1/50125 (Medny Island, Commander Islands, Pacific Ocean). A. Colony margin with developing zooids. B. Distolateral view of young zooids, showing details of primary orifice and suboral avicularium. C. Non-ovicellate zooids in young part of colony (arrow, communication pore of future ooecium). D. Lateral view of autozooids in young part of colony, showing details of suboral avicularia. E. Ovicellate zooids in older part of colony with suboral and adventitious avicularia. F. Ooecium overgrown by secondary calcification, showing arrangement of pseudopores. G. Group of ovicellate zooids in older part of colony. H. Distolateral view of frontal shield, showing comparative size and shape of suboral and adventitious avicularia. I. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar, areolae and ooecial communication pore (arrow). J. Internal view of primary orifice. K. Basal colony surface, showing small protuberances. L. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar and exterior wall microstructure of umbonuloid component. M. Lateral view of zooidal row, showing ooecia (some covered by secondary calcification) and adventitious avicularia on frontal surface, tubular processes on basal surface, and lateral wall with mural pore chambers. Scale bars:A, G, K, 500 μm; B, H, M, 200 μm; C–E, 250 μm; F, I, J, 100 μm; L, 50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6521127" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6521127/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 2A–D, I</figureCitation>
|
||
), thick, convex, pustulose, with numerous, large, elongate areolae along zooidal margins, separated by narrow, high interareolar ridges connected with cystid of suboral avicularium. Some proximal ridges fusing with each other. Thickening of frontal shield resulting in smaller areolae. Umbonuloid component extensive, occupying about 70% of length of frontal shield (72% in one measured zooid), with fine parallel lineation and accretionary banding (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131B8EE70B3B3331FD6CAAE21B8FFA0D" box="[648,760,1411,1437]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1615,1639]" captionTargetBox="[226,1362,181,1591]" captionTargetId="figure-17@11.[226,1362,181,1591]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 2. Rhamphostomella commandorica n. sp. Holotype, ZIRAS 1/50125 (Medny Island, Commander Islands, Pacific Ocean). A. Colony margin with developing zooids. B. Distolateral view of young zooids, showing details of primary orifice and suboral avicularium. C. Non-ovicellate zooids in young part of colony (arrow, communication pore of future ooecium). D. Lateral view of autozooids in young part of colony, showing details of suboral avicularia. E. Ovicellate zooids in older part of colony with suboral and adventitious avicularia. F. Ooecium overgrown by secondary calcification, showing arrangement of pseudopores. G. Group of ovicellate zooids in older part of colony. H. Distolateral view of frontal shield, showing comparative size and shape of suboral and adventitious avicularia. I. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar, areolae and ooecial communication pore (arrow). J. Internal view of primary orifice. K. Basal colony surface, showing small protuberances. L. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar and exterior wall microstructure of umbonuloid component. M. Lateral view of zooidal row, showing ooecia (some covered by secondary calcification) and adventitious avicularia on frontal surface, tubular processes on basal surface, and lateral wall with mural pore chambers. Scale bars:A, G, K, 500 μm; B, H, M, 200 μm; C–E, 250 μm; F, I, J, 100 μm; L, 50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6521127" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6521127/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 2I, L</figureCitation>
|
||
). Ring scar forming boundary between umbonuloid exterior wall microstructure and extra-umbonuloid calcification clearly visible but not as single discrete line (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131B8EE70B3B3331FAE7AAC61C2CFA51" box="[1283,1371,1447,1473]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1615,1639]" captionTargetBox="[226,1362,181,1591]" captionTargetId="figure-17@11.[226,1362,181,1591]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 2. Rhamphostomella commandorica n. sp. Holotype, ZIRAS 1/50125 (Medny Island, Commander Islands, Pacific Ocean). A. Colony margin with developing zooids. B. Distolateral view of young zooids, showing details of primary orifice and suboral avicularium. C. Non-ovicellate zooids in young part of colony (arrow, communication pore of future ooecium). D. Lateral view of autozooids in young part of colony, showing details of suboral avicularia. E. Ovicellate zooids in older part of colony with suboral and adventitious avicularia. F. Ooecium overgrown by secondary calcification, showing arrangement of pseudopores. G. Group of ovicellate zooids in older part of colony. H. Distolateral view of frontal shield, showing comparative size and shape of suboral and adventitious avicularia. I. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar, areolae and ooecial communication pore (arrow). J. Internal view of primary orifice. K. Basal colony surface, showing small protuberances. L. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar and exterior wall microstructure of umbonuloid component. M. Lateral view of zooidal row, showing ooecia (some covered by secondary calcification) and adventitious avicularia on frontal surface, tubular processes on basal surface, and lateral wall with mural pore chambers. Scale bars:A, G, K, 500 μm; B, H, M, 200 μm; C–E, 250 μm; F, I, J, 100 μm; L, 50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6521127" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6521127/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 2L</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9F92620B3B3331FF23AAAA1B3AF9C1" blockId="12.[151,1437,546,2013]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
Primary orifice (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131B8EE70B3B3331FE64AAAA1B67FA75" box="[384,528,1483,1509]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1615,1639]" captionTargetBox="[226,1362,181,1591]" captionTargetId="figure-17@11.[226,1362,181,1591]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 2. Rhamphostomella commandorica n. sp. Holotype, ZIRAS 1/50125 (Medny Island, Commander Islands, Pacific Ocean). A. Colony margin with developing zooids. B. Distolateral view of young zooids, showing details of primary orifice and suboral avicularium. C. Non-ovicellate zooids in young part of colony (arrow, communication pore of future ooecium). D. Lateral view of autozooids in young part of colony, showing details of suboral avicularia. E. Ovicellate zooids in older part of colony with suboral and adventitious avicularia. F. Ooecium overgrown by secondary calcification, showing arrangement of pseudopores. G. Group of ovicellate zooids in older part of colony. H. Distolateral view of frontal shield, showing comparative size and shape of suboral and adventitious avicularia. I. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar, areolae and ooecial communication pore (arrow). J. Internal view of primary orifice. K. Basal colony surface, showing small protuberances. L. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar and exterior wall microstructure of umbonuloid component. M. Lateral view of zooidal row, showing ooecia (some covered by secondary calcification) and adventitious avicularia on frontal surface, tubular processes on basal surface, and lateral wall with mural pore chambers. Scale bars:A, G, K, 500 μm; B, H, M, 200 μm; C–E, 250 μm; F, I, J, 100 μm; L, 50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6521127" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6521127/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 2A, B, J</figureCitation>
|
||
) broadly semicircular to bell-shaped or oval; its distal and lateral margins formed by upper terminal part of distal transverse wall (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131B8EE70B3B3331FD26AA8E1A28F999" box="[706,863,1519,1545]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1615,1639]" captionTargetBox="[226,1362,181,1591]" captionTargetId="figure-17@11.[226,1362,181,1591]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 2. Rhamphostomella commandorica n. sp. Holotype, ZIRAS 1/50125 (Medny Island, Commander Islands, Pacific Ocean). A. Colony margin with developing zooids. B. Distolateral view of young zooids, showing details of primary orifice and suboral avicularium. C. Non-ovicellate zooids in young part of colony (arrow, communication pore of future ooecium). D. Lateral view of autozooids in young part of colony, showing details of suboral avicularia. E. Ovicellate zooids in older part of colony with suboral and adventitious avicularia. F. Ooecium overgrown by secondary calcification, showing arrangement of pseudopores. G. Group of ovicellate zooids in older part of colony. H. Distolateral view of frontal shield, showing comparative size and shape of suboral and adventitious avicularia. I. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar, areolae and ooecial communication pore (arrow). J. Internal view of primary orifice. K. Basal colony surface, showing small protuberances. L. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar and exterior wall microstructure of umbonuloid component. M. Lateral view of zooidal row, showing ooecia (some covered by secondary calcification) and adventitious avicularia on frontal surface, tubular processes on basal surface, and lateral wall with mural pore chambers. Scale bars:A, G, K, 500 μm; B, H, M, 200 μm; C–E, 250 μm; F, I, J, 100 μm; L, 50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6521127" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6521127/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 2A, B, E</figureCitation>
|
||
) and bearing low blunt condyles proximolaterally (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131B8EE70B3B3331FF44A9721986F9BD" box="[160,241,1555,1581]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1615,1639]" captionTargetBox="[226,1362,181,1591]" captionTargetId="figure-17@11.[226,1362,181,1591]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 2. Rhamphostomella commandorica n. sp. Holotype, ZIRAS 1/50125 (Medny Island, Commander Islands, Pacific Ocean). A. Colony margin with developing zooids. B. Distolateral view of young zooids, showing details of primary orifice and suboral avicularium. C. Non-ovicellate zooids in young part of colony (arrow, communication pore of future ooecium). D. Lateral view of autozooids in young part of colony, showing details of suboral avicularia. E. Ovicellate zooids in older part of colony with suboral and adventitious avicularia. F. Ooecium overgrown by secondary calcification, showing arrangement of pseudopores. G. Group of ovicellate zooids in older part of colony. H. Distolateral view of frontal shield, showing comparative size and shape of suboral and adventitious avicularia. I. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar, areolae and ooecial communication pore (arrow). J. Internal view of primary orifice. K. Basal colony surface, showing small protuberances. L. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar and exterior wall microstructure of umbonuloid component. M. Lateral view of zooidal row, showing ooecia (some covered by secondary calcification) and adventitious avicularia on frontal surface, tubular processes on basal surface, and lateral wall with mural pore chambers. Scale bars:A, G, K, 500 μm; B, H, M, 200 μm; C–E, 250 μm; F, I, J, 100 μm; L, 50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6521127" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6521127/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 2J</figureCitation>
|
||
). Distal margin of orifice round, proximal margin with low, wide median prominence and broadly rounded proximolateral corners. No oral spines.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9F92620B3B3331FF23A93A1D30F971" blockId="12.[151,1437,546,2013]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
Secondary orifice (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131B8EE70B3B3331FE7DA93A1B59F9E5" box="[409,558,1627,1653]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1615,1639]" captionTargetBox="[226,1362,181,1591]" captionTargetId="figure-17@11.[226,1362,181,1591]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 2. Rhamphostomella commandorica n. sp. Holotype, ZIRAS 1/50125 (Medny Island, Commander Islands, Pacific Ocean). A. Colony margin with developing zooids. B. Distolateral view of young zooids, showing details of primary orifice and suboral avicularium. C. Non-ovicellate zooids in young part of colony (arrow, communication pore of future ooecium). D. Lateral view of autozooids in young part of colony, showing details of suboral avicularia. E. Ovicellate zooids in older part of colony with suboral and adventitious avicularia. F. Ooecium overgrown by secondary calcification, showing arrangement of pseudopores. G. Group of ovicellate zooids in older part of colony. H. Distolateral view of frontal shield, showing comparative size and shape of suboral and adventitious avicularia. I. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar, areolae and ooecial communication pore (arrow). J. Internal view of primary orifice. K. Basal colony surface, showing small protuberances. L. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar and exterior wall microstructure of umbonuloid component. M. Lateral view of zooidal row, showing ooecia (some covered by secondary calcification) and adventitious avicularia on frontal surface, tubular processes on basal surface, and lateral wall with mural pore chambers. Scale bars:A, G, K, 500 μm; B, H, M, 200 μm; C–E, 250 μm; F, I, J, 100 μm; L, 50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6521127" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6521127/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 2A–E, G</figureCitation>
|
||
) irregularly oval, cormidial, formed proximally by avicularian cystid connected with thin vertical wall surrounding primary orifice (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131B8EE70B3B3331FD1BA91E1AF6F909" box="[767,897,1663,1689]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1615,1639]" captionTargetBox="[226,1362,181,1591]" captionTargetId="figure-17@11.[226,1362,181,1591]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 2. Rhamphostomella commandorica n. sp. Holotype, ZIRAS 1/50125 (Medny Island, Commander Islands, Pacific Ocean). A. Colony margin with developing zooids. B. Distolateral view of young zooids, showing details of primary orifice and suboral avicularium. C. Non-ovicellate zooids in young part of colony (arrow, communication pore of future ooecium). D. Lateral view of autozooids in young part of colony, showing details of suboral avicularia. E. Ovicellate zooids in older part of colony with suboral and adventitious avicularia. F. Ooecium overgrown by secondary calcification, showing arrangement of pseudopores. G. Group of ovicellate zooids in older part of colony. H. Distolateral view of frontal shield, showing comparative size and shape of suboral and adventitious avicularia. I. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar, areolae and ooecial communication pore (arrow). J. Internal view of primary orifice. K. Basal colony surface, showing small protuberances. L. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar and exterior wall microstructure of umbonuloid component. M. Lateral view of zooidal row, showing ooecia (some covered by secondary calcification) and adventitious avicularia on frontal surface, tubular processes on basal surface, and lateral wall with mural pore chambers. Scale bars:A, G, K, 500 μm; B, H, M, 200 μm; C–E, 250 μm; F, I, J, 100 μm; L, 50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6521127" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6521127/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 2A–D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Distally and distolaterally, secondary orifice restricted by vertical walls of distal and lateral zooids. With increasing secondary calcification, outline of secondary orifice often changing, acquiring trapezoidal shape (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131B8EE70B3B3331FD04A9A61A21F971" box="[736,854,1735,1761]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1615,1639]" captionTargetBox="[226,1362,181,1591]" captionTargetId="figure-17@11.[226,1362,181,1591]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 2. Rhamphostomella commandorica n. sp. Holotype, ZIRAS 1/50125 (Medny Island, Commander Islands, Pacific Ocean). A. Colony margin with developing zooids. B. Distolateral view of young zooids, showing details of primary orifice and suboral avicularium. C. Non-ovicellate zooids in young part of colony (arrow, communication pore of future ooecium). D. Lateral view of autozooids in young part of colony, showing details of suboral avicularia. E. Ovicellate zooids in older part of colony with suboral and adventitious avicularia. F. Ooecium overgrown by secondary calcification, showing arrangement of pseudopores. G. Group of ovicellate zooids in older part of colony. H. Distolateral view of frontal shield, showing comparative size and shape of suboral and adventitious avicularia. I. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar, areolae and ooecial communication pore (arrow). J. Internal view of primary orifice. K. Basal colony surface, showing small protuberances. L. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar and exterior wall microstructure of umbonuloid component. M. Lateral view of zooidal row, showing ooecia (some covered by secondary calcification) and adventitious avicularia on frontal surface, tubular processes on basal surface, and lateral wall with mural pore chambers. Scale bars:A, G, K, 500 μm; B, H, M, 200 μm; C–E, 250 μm; F, I, J, 100 μm; L, 50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6521127" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6521127/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 2E, G</figureCitation>
|
||
) in ovicellate zooids.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9F92620B3B3331FF23A98A1DF1F84D" blockId="12.[151,1437,546,2013]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
Suboral avicularium with cystid large, bulging, broad, occupying most of frontal shield, with 6–9 communication pores connecting avicularian and hypostegal coelomic cavities (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131B8EE70B3B3331FC9DA86E1D57F8B9" box="[889,1056,1807,1833]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1615,1639]" captionTargetBox="[226,1362,181,1591]" captionTargetId="figure-17@11.[226,1362,181,1591]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 2. Rhamphostomella commandorica n. sp. Holotype, ZIRAS 1/50125 (Medny Island, Commander Islands, Pacific Ocean). A. Colony margin with developing zooids. B. Distolateral view of young zooids, showing details of primary orifice and suboral avicularium. C. Non-ovicellate zooids in young part of colony (arrow, communication pore of future ooecium). D. Lateral view of autozooids in young part of colony, showing details of suboral avicularia. E. Ovicellate zooids in older part of colony with suboral and adventitious avicularia. F. Ooecium overgrown by secondary calcification, showing arrangement of pseudopores. G. Group of ovicellate zooids in older part of colony. H. Distolateral view of frontal shield, showing comparative size and shape of suboral and adventitious avicularia. I. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar, areolae and ooecial communication pore (arrow). J. Internal view of primary orifice. K. Basal colony surface, showing small protuberances. L. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar and exterior wall microstructure of umbonuloid component. M. Lateral view of zooidal row, showing ooecia (some covered by secondary calcification) and adventitious avicularia on frontal surface, tubular processes on basal surface, and lateral wall with mural pore chambers. Scale bars:A, G, K, 500 μm; B, H, M, 200 μm; C–E, 250 μm; F, I, J, 100 μm; L, 50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6521127" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6521127/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 2A, C, D</figureCitation>
|
||
); surface finely granulated when young, pustulose in older zooids. Avicularian frontal surface (rostral/postmandibular areas) situated asymmetrically with respect to zooidal orifice, on right or left slope of avicularian cystid, normally crossed by zooidal midline, facing distolaterally or laterally, tilted frontodistally at angle of 60–90°. Rostrum semicircular, blunt, directed proximomedially upwards. Palate short, semicircular to rounded-triangular. Palatal foramen repeating shape of palate, opesia oval or semielliptical, surrounded by cryptocystal shelf. Crossbar complete.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9F92620B3A3330FF23AFF618B6FE3D" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,1689]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
Large adventitious avicularia developing by frontal budding in older parts of colony, often associated with ooecia. Zooidal orifices deeply immersed in areas where avicularia are numerous. Avicularian cystid broad, with finely granulated surface (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131B8EE70B3A3330FE29AFBE1B0FFF69" box="[461,632,223,249]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1615,1639]" captionTargetBox="[226,1362,181,1591]" captionTargetId="figure-17@11.[226,1362,181,1591]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 2. Rhamphostomella commandorica n. sp. Holotype, ZIRAS 1/50125 (Medny Island, Commander Islands, Pacific Ocean). A. Colony margin with developing zooids. B. Distolateral view of young zooids, showing details of primary orifice and suboral avicularium. C. Non-ovicellate zooids in young part of colony (arrow, communication pore of future ooecium). D. Lateral view of autozooids in young part of colony, showing details of suboral avicularia. E. Ovicellate zooids in older part of colony with suboral and adventitious avicularia. F. Ooecium overgrown by secondary calcification, showing arrangement of pseudopores. G. Group of ovicellate zooids in older part of colony. H. Distolateral view of frontal shield, showing comparative size and shape of suboral and adventitious avicularia. I. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar, areolae and ooecial communication pore (arrow). J. Internal view of primary orifice. K. Basal colony surface, showing small protuberances. L. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar and exterior wall microstructure of umbonuloid component. M. Lateral view of zooidal row, showing ooecia (some covered by secondary calcification) and adventitious avicularia on frontal surface, tubular processes on basal surface, and lateral wall with mural pore chambers. Scale bars:A, G, K, 500 μm; B, H, M, 200 μm; C–E, 250 μm; F, I, J, 100 μm; L, 50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6521127" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6521127/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 2E, G, H</figureCitation>
|
||
). Frontal surface of avicularium facing obliquely upwards. Rostrum elongate-oval or elongate-triangular, blunt, oriented distolaterally to proximolaterally. Palate elongate-triangular or spatulate. Palatal foramen heart-shaped, with extensive distal cryptocystal shelf. Opesia oval or semielliptical, cryptocyst narrow. Crossbar complete, with small ligula. In older parts of colony, adventitious avicularia cover most of free space, together with thick secondary calcification, strongly changing appearance of colony (compare
|
||
<figureCitation id="131B8EE70B3A3330FA94AE0E198BFE3D" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1615,1639]" captionTargetBox="[226,1362,181,1591]" captionTargetId="figure-17@11.[226,1362,181,1591]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 2. Rhamphostomella commandorica n. sp. Holotype, ZIRAS 1/50125 (Medny Island, Commander Islands, Pacific Ocean). A. Colony margin with developing zooids. B. Distolateral view of young zooids, showing details of primary orifice and suboral avicularium. C. Non-ovicellate zooids in young part of colony (arrow, communication pore of future ooecium). D. Lateral view of autozooids in young part of colony, showing details of suboral avicularia. E. Ovicellate zooids in older part of colony with suboral and adventitious avicularia. F. Ooecium overgrown by secondary calcification, showing arrangement of pseudopores. G. Group of ovicellate zooids in older part of colony. H. Distolateral view of frontal shield, showing comparative size and shape of suboral and adventitious avicularia. I. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar, areolae and ooecial communication pore (arrow). J. Internal view of primary orifice. K. Basal colony surface, showing small protuberances. L. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar and exterior wall microstructure of umbonuloid component. M. Lateral view of zooidal row, showing ooecia (some covered by secondary calcification) and adventitious avicularia on frontal surface, tubular processes on basal surface, and lateral wall with mural pore chambers. Scale bars:A, G, K, 500 μm; B, H, M, 200 μm; C–E, 250 μm; F, I, J, 100 μm; L, 50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6521127" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6521127/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 2A, C, D</figureCitation>
|
||
with
|
||
<figureCitation id="131B8EE70B3A3330FED8AEF218C2FE3D" box="[316,437,403,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1615,1639]" captionTargetBox="[226,1362,181,1591]" captionTargetId="figure-17@11.[226,1362,181,1591]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 2. Rhamphostomella commandorica n. sp. Holotype, ZIRAS 1/50125 (Medny Island, Commander Islands, Pacific Ocean). A. Colony margin with developing zooids. B. Distolateral view of young zooids, showing details of primary orifice and suboral avicularium. C. Non-ovicellate zooids in young part of colony (arrow, communication pore of future ooecium). D. Lateral view of autozooids in young part of colony, showing details of suboral avicularia. E. Ovicellate zooids in older part of colony with suboral and adventitious avicularia. F. Ooecium overgrown by secondary calcification, showing arrangement of pseudopores. G. Group of ovicellate zooids in older part of colony. H. Distolateral view of frontal shield, showing comparative size and shape of suboral and adventitious avicularia. I. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar, areolae and ooecial communication pore (arrow). J. Internal view of primary orifice. K. Basal colony surface, showing small protuberances. L. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar and exterior wall microstructure of umbonuloid component. M. Lateral view of zooidal row, showing ooecia (some covered by secondary calcification) and adventitious avicularia on frontal surface, tubular processes on basal surface, and lateral wall with mural pore chambers. Scale bars:A, G, K, 500 μm; B, H, M, 200 μm; C–E, 250 μm; F, I, J, 100 μm; L, 50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6521127" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6521127/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 2E, G</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9F92620B3A3330FF23AED61B82FC11" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,1689]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
Ovicells initially hyperstomial, rapidly becoming subimmersed as ooecium is covered by thick secondary calcification proceeding from daughter and neighbouring zooids; surface finely granular, often with 1–2 sutures demarcating calcification (often bearing interareolar ridges) from different zooids (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131B8EE70B3A3330FBD9AE9E1DA4FD89" box="[1085,1235,511,537]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1615,1639]" captionTargetBox="[226,1362,181,1591]" captionTargetId="figure-17@11.[226,1362,181,1591]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 2. Rhamphostomella commandorica n. sp. Holotype, ZIRAS 1/50125 (Medny Island, Commander Islands, Pacific Ocean). A. Colony margin with developing zooids. B. Distolateral view of young zooids, showing details of primary orifice and suboral avicularium. C. Non-ovicellate zooids in young part of colony (arrow, communication pore of future ooecium). D. Lateral view of autozooids in young part of colony, showing details of suboral avicularia. E. Ovicellate zooids in older part of colony with suboral and adventitious avicularia. F. Ooecium overgrown by secondary calcification, showing arrangement of pseudopores. G. Group of ovicellate zooids in older part of colony. H. Distolateral view of frontal shield, showing comparative size and shape of suboral and adventitious avicularia. I. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar, areolae and ooecial communication pore (arrow). J. Internal view of primary orifice. K. Basal colony surface, showing small protuberances. L. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar and exterior wall microstructure of umbonuloid component. M. Lateral view of zooidal row, showing ooecia (some covered by secondary calcification) and adventitious avicularia on frontal surface, tubular processes on basal surface, and lateral wall with mural pore chambers. Scale bars:A, G, K, 500 μm; B, H, M, 200 μm; C–E, 250 μm; F, I, J, 100 μm; L, 50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6521127" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6521127/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 2E, F, G</figureCitation>
|
||
). In older parts of colony, secondary calcification covering half to two-thirds of ooecium; ovicell appearing endozooidal when only proximal triangular or semicircular area of ectooecium with pseudopores is visible (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131B8EE70B3A3330FB82AD261DB3FDF1" box="[1126,1220,583,609]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1615,1639]" captionTargetBox="[226,1362,181,1591]" captionTargetId="figure-17@11.[226,1362,181,1591]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 2. Rhamphostomella commandorica n. sp. Holotype, ZIRAS 1/50125 (Medny Island, Commander Islands, Pacific Ocean). A. Colony margin with developing zooids. B. Distolateral view of young zooids, showing details of primary orifice and suboral avicularium. C. Non-ovicellate zooids in young part of colony (arrow, communication pore of future ooecium). D. Lateral view of autozooids in young part of colony, showing details of suboral avicularia. E. Ovicellate zooids in older part of colony with suboral and adventitious avicularia. F. Ooecium overgrown by secondary calcification, showing arrangement of pseudopores. G. Group of ovicellate zooids in older part of colony. H. Distolateral view of frontal shield, showing comparative size and shape of suboral and adventitious avicularia. I. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar, areolae and ooecial communication pore (arrow). J. Internal view of primary orifice. K. Basal colony surface, showing small protuberances. L. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar and exterior wall microstructure of umbonuloid component. M. Lateral view of zooidal row, showing ooecia (some covered by secondary calcification) and adventitious avicularia on frontal surface, tubular processes on basal surface, and lateral wall with mural pore chambers. Scale bars:A, G, K, 500 μm; B, H, M, 200 μm; C–E, 250 μm; F, I, J, 100 μm; L, 50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6521127" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6521127/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 2G</figureCitation>
|
||
). Ooecium formed by distal autozooid around distinctive curved slit (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131B8EE70B3A3330FD2AAD0A1A1DFD15" box="[718,874,619,645]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1615,1639]" captionTargetBox="[226,1362,181,1591]" captionTargetId="figure-17@11.[226,1362,181,1591]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 2. Rhamphostomella commandorica n. sp. Holotype, ZIRAS 1/50125 (Medny Island, Commander Islands, Pacific Ocean). A. Colony margin with developing zooids. B. Distolateral view of young zooids, showing details of primary orifice and suboral avicularium. C. Non-ovicellate zooids in young part of colony (arrow, communication pore of future ooecium). D. Lateral view of autozooids in young part of colony, showing details of suboral avicularia. E. Ovicellate zooids in older part of colony with suboral and adventitious avicularia. F. Ooecium overgrown by secondary calcification, showing arrangement of pseudopores. G. Group of ovicellate zooids in older part of colony. H. Distolateral view of frontal shield, showing comparative size and shape of suboral and adventitious avicularia. I. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar, areolae and ooecial communication pore (arrow). J. Internal view of primary orifice. K. Basal colony surface, showing small protuberances. L. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar and exterior wall microstructure of umbonuloid component. M. Lateral view of zooidal row, showing ooecia (some covered by secondary calcification) and adventitious avicularia on frontal surface, tubular processes on basal surface, and lateral wall with mural pore chambers. Scale bars:A, G, K, 500 μm; B, H, M, 200 μm; C–E, 250 μm; F, I, J, 100 μm; L, 50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6521127" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6521127/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 2A, C, D</figureCitation>
|
||
) in slope of proximal vertical wall of distal zooid contributing to secondary orifice, immediately distal to margin of primary orifice of maternal zooid; this slit leading to communication canal connecting ooecial and visceral coeloms, opening on underside of frontal shield of distal zooid as small, straight, slit-like communication pore at mid-distance between transverse wall and ring-scar (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131B8EE70B3A3330FA8BADB619C5FC85" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1615,1639]" captionTargetBox="[226,1362,181,1591]" captionTargetId="figure-17@11.[226,1362,181,1591]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 2. Rhamphostomella commandorica n. sp. Holotype, ZIRAS 1/50125 (Medny Island, Commander Islands, Pacific Ocean). A. Colony margin with developing zooids. B. Distolateral view of young zooids, showing details of primary orifice and suboral avicularium. C. Non-ovicellate zooids in young part of colony (arrow, communication pore of future ooecium). D. Lateral view of autozooids in young part of colony, showing details of suboral avicularia. E. Ovicellate zooids in older part of colony with suboral and adventitious avicularia. F. Ooecium overgrown by secondary calcification, showing arrangement of pseudopores. G. Group of ovicellate zooids in older part of colony. H. Distolateral view of frontal shield, showing comparative size and shape of suboral and adventitious avicularia. I. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar, areolae and ooecial communication pore (arrow). J. Internal view of primary orifice. K. Basal colony surface, showing small protuberances. L. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar and exterior wall microstructure of umbonuloid component. M. Lateral view of zooidal row, showing ooecia (some covered by secondary calcification) and adventitious avicularia on frontal surface, tubular processes on basal surface, and lateral wall with mural pore chambers. Scale bars:A, G, K, 500 μm; B, H, M, 200 μm; C–E, 250 μm; F, I, J, 100 μm; L, 50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6521127" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6521127/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 2I</figureCitation>
|
||
). Ooecium spherical, with straight or slightly concave proximal margin often bearing very low, central convexity (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131B8EE70B3A3330FF44AC7E198EFCA9" box="[160,249,799,825]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1615,1639]" captionTargetBox="[226,1362,181,1591]" captionTargetId="figure-17@11.[226,1362,181,1591]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 2. Rhamphostomella commandorica n. sp. Holotype, ZIRAS 1/50125 (Medny Island, Commander Islands, Pacific Ocean). A. Colony margin with developing zooids. B. Distolateral view of young zooids, showing details of primary orifice and suboral avicularium. C. Non-ovicellate zooids in young part of colony (arrow, communication pore of future ooecium). D. Lateral view of autozooids in young part of colony, showing details of suboral avicularia. E. Ovicellate zooids in older part of colony with suboral and adventitious avicularia. F. Ooecium overgrown by secondary calcification, showing arrangement of pseudopores. G. Group of ovicellate zooids in older part of colony. H. Distolateral view of frontal shield, showing comparative size and shape of suboral and adventitious avicularia. I. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar, areolae and ooecial communication pore (arrow). J. Internal view of primary orifice. K. Basal colony surface, showing small protuberances. L. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar and exterior wall microstructure of umbonuloid component. M. Lateral view of zooidal row, showing ooecia (some covered by secondary calcification) and adventitious avicularia on frontal surface, tubular processes on basal surface, and lateral wall with mural pore chambers. Scale bars:A, G, K, 500 μm; B, H, M, 200 μm; C–E, 250 μm; F, I, J, 100 μm; L, 50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6521127" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6521127/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 2F</figureCitation>
|
||
). Ectooecium smooth, with oval, irregular or often slit-like pseudopores arranged in compressed arch around оne large or several small central pseudopores, oval or irregular. Ooecial base surrounded by oval to elongate areolae separated by short, narrow ridges (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131B8EE70B3A3330FD97AC061B9FFC11" box="[627,744,871,897]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1615,1639]" captionTargetBox="[226,1362,181,1591]" captionTargetId="figure-17@11.[226,1362,181,1591]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 2. Rhamphostomella commandorica n. sp. Holotype, ZIRAS 1/50125 (Medny Island, Commander Islands, Pacific Ocean). A. Colony margin with developing zooids. B. Distolateral view of young zooids, showing details of primary orifice and suboral avicularium. C. Non-ovicellate zooids in young part of colony (arrow, communication pore of future ooecium). D. Lateral view of autozooids in young part of colony, showing details of suboral avicularia. E. Ovicellate zooids in older part of colony with suboral and adventitious avicularia. F. Ooecium overgrown by secondary calcification, showing arrangement of pseudopores. G. Group of ovicellate zooids in older part of colony. H. Distolateral view of frontal shield, showing comparative size and shape of suboral and adventitious avicularia. I. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar, areolae and ooecial communication pore (arrow). J. Internal view of primary orifice. K. Basal colony surface, showing small protuberances. L. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar and exterior wall microstructure of umbonuloid component. M. Lateral view of zooidal row, showing ooecia (some covered by secondary calcification) and adventitious avicularia on frontal surface, tubular processes on basal surface, and lateral wall with mural pore chambers. Scale bars:A, G, K, 500 μm; B, H, M, 200 μm; C–E, 250 μm; F, I, J, 100 μm; L, 50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6521127" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6521127/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 2F, G</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9F92620B3A3330FF23ACEA19BDFB81" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,1689]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
Zooids interconnected by two mural pore chambers (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131B8EE70B3A3330FCD0ACEA1AE3FC35" box="[820,916,907,933]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1615,1639]" captionTargetBox="[226,1362,181,1591]" captionTargetId="figure-17@11.[226,1362,181,1591]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 2. Rhamphostomella commandorica n. sp. Holotype, ZIRAS 1/50125 (Medny Island, Commander Islands, Pacific Ocean). A. Colony margin with developing zooids. B. Distolateral view of young zooids, showing details of primary orifice and suboral avicularium. C. Non-ovicellate zooids in young part of colony (arrow, communication pore of future ooecium). D. Lateral view of autozooids in young part of colony, showing details of suboral avicularia. E. Ovicellate zooids in older part of colony with suboral and adventitious avicularia. F. Ooecium overgrown by secondary calcification, showing arrangement of pseudopores. G. Group of ovicellate zooids in older part of colony. H. Distolateral view of frontal shield, showing comparative size and shape of suboral and adventitious avicularia. I. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar, areolae and ooecial communication pore (arrow). J. Internal view of primary orifice. K. Basal colony surface, showing small protuberances. L. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar and exterior wall microstructure of umbonuloid component. M. Lateral view of zooidal row, showing ooecia (some covered by secondary calcification) and adventitious avicularia on frontal surface, tubular processes on basal surface, and lateral wall with mural pore chambers. Scale bars:A, G, K, 500 μm; B, H, M, 200 μm; C–E, 250 μm; F, I, J, 100 μm; L, 50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6521127" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6521127/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 2M</figureCitation>
|
||
) in each distolateral wall, and by one wide, horizontal or 2‒3 (usually 2) compact multiporous septula in basal half of transverse wall. Distally transverse wall can bear up to three buttressed recesses (each with multiporous septula) resembling basal pore chambers (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131B8EE70B3A3330FA8BACB219CAFB81" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1615,1639]" captionTargetBox="[226,1362,181,1591]" captionTargetId="figure-17@11.[226,1362,181,1591]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 2. Rhamphostomella commandorica n. sp. Holotype, ZIRAS 1/50125 (Medny Island, Commander Islands, Pacific Ocean). A. Colony margin with developing zooids. B. Distolateral view of young zooids, showing details of primary orifice and suboral avicularium. C. Non-ovicellate zooids in young part of colony (arrow, communication pore of future ooecium). D. Lateral view of autozooids in young part of colony, showing details of suboral avicularia. E. Ovicellate zooids in older part of colony with suboral and adventitious avicularia. F. Ooecium overgrown by secondary calcification, showing arrangement of pseudopores. G. Group of ovicellate zooids in older part of colony. H. Distolateral view of frontal shield, showing comparative size and shape of suboral and adventitious avicularia. I. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar, areolae and ooecial communication pore (arrow). J. Internal view of primary orifice. K. Basal colony surface, showing small protuberances. L. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar and exterior wall microstructure of umbonuloid component. M. Lateral view of zooidal row, showing ooecia (some covered by secondary calcification) and adventitious avicularia on frontal surface, tubular processes on basal surface, and lateral wall with mural pore chambers. Scale bars:A, G, K, 500 μm; B, H, M, 200 μm; C–E, 250 μm; F, I, J, 100 μm; L, 50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6521127" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6521127/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9F92620B3A3330FF23AB7A1B6EFB31" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,1689]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
Basal surface of zooids (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131B8EE70B3A3330FE30AB7A1B22FBA5" box="[468,597,1051,1077]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1615,1639]" captionTargetBox="[226,1362,181,1591]" captionTargetId="figure-17@11.[226,1362,181,1591]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 2. Rhamphostomella commandorica n. sp. Holotype, ZIRAS 1/50125 (Medny Island, Commander Islands, Pacific Ocean). A. Colony margin with developing zooids. B. Distolateral view of young zooids, showing details of primary orifice and suboral avicularium. C. Non-ovicellate zooids in young part of colony (arrow, communication pore of future ooecium). D. Lateral view of autozooids in young part of colony, showing details of suboral avicularia. E. Ovicellate zooids in older part of colony with suboral and adventitious avicularia. F. Ooecium overgrown by secondary calcification, showing arrangement of pseudopores. G. Group of ovicellate zooids in older part of colony. H. Distolateral view of frontal shield, showing comparative size and shape of suboral and adventitious avicularia. I. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar, areolae and ooecial communication pore (arrow). J. Internal view of primary orifice. K. Basal colony surface, showing small protuberances. L. Interior of frontal shield, showing ring scar and exterior wall microstructure of umbonuloid component. M. Lateral view of zooidal row, showing ooecia (some covered by secondary calcification) and adventitious avicularia on frontal surface, tubular processes on basal surface, and lateral wall with mural pore chambers. Scale bars:A, G, K, 500 μm; B, H, M, 200 μm; C–E, 250 μm; F, I, J, 100 μm; L, 50 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6521127" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6521127/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figs 2K, M</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="131B8EE70B3A3330FDBBAB7A1BF8FBA5" box="[607,655,1051,1077]" captionStart="FIGURE 30" captionStartId="90.[151,250,1204,1228]" captionTargetBox="[153,1434,181,1180]" captionTargetId="figure-20@90.[153,1434,181,1180]" captionTargetPageId="90" captionText="FIGURE 30. Basal colony surface insome Rhamphostomellaspecies.A. R. scabra, ZIRAS 93/50106 (BeringIsland, Commander Islands, Pacific Ocean), colony fragment developed above irregular substrate, showing broken protuberances and pits formed above sponge spicules. B. R. commandorica, ZIRAS 1/50125 (Medny Island, Commander Islands, Pacific Ocean), colony fragment, showing smooth surface with rare thin protuberances. C. R. cristata, ZIRAS 2/50110 (Medny Island, Commander Islands, Pacific Ocean), colony area growing above crustose coralline algae Lithothamnion sp., showing regular series of columnar protuberances with broad bases. D. R. gigantea, ZIRAS 3/50129 (western Kamchatka shelf, Sea of Okhotsk), colony detached from internal side of broken shell of bivalve mollusc Chlamys sp. E. R. pacifica, ZIRAS 1/50124 (Kronotsky Gulf, eastern Kamchatka, Pacific Ocean), colony developed above irregular substratum. F. R. curvirostrata, NHMUK 1964.1.2.7 (Pacific coast of North America), colony margin with developing zooids, supported by long tubular processes. G. R. hincksi, USNM 11130 (Point Barrow, Alaska, Beaufort Sea), basal surface with long tubular protuberances. H. R. sibirica, ZIRAS 34/50113 (Medny Island, Commander Islands, Bering Sea), basal surface with long tubular protuberances. I. R. multirostrata, ZIRAS 1/50545 (Urup Island, Kuril Islands, Sea of Okhotsk), colony detached from a sponge, showing marginal zooids with regular series of tubular protuberances. Scale bars: 500 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6544589" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6544589/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">30B</figureCitation>
|
||
) fully calcified, convex, smooth, with numerous tubular protuberances (
|
||
<quantity id="4CD83F870B3A3330FF7BAB5E1833FBC9" box="[159,324,1087,1113]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" metricValueMax="2.7" metricValueMin="0.4" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="mm" value="0.155" valueMax="0.27" valueMin="0.04">0.04–0.27 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter) having fine parallel folds on surface. Boundaries between zooids recognizable basally by deep undulating incisions. Sparse white spots (presumably weakly calcified areas) visible in semitransparent basal wall under light microscope.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9F92620B3A3330FF23ABCA1BCFFB55" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,1689]" box="[199,696,1195,1221]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Ancestrula and early astogeny not observed.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33AC1E90B3A3330FF23ABAE1A6FFA75" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9F92620B3A3330FF23ABAE1A6FFA75" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,1689]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9544E700B3A3330FF23ABAE184CFB79" bold="true" box="[199,315,1231,1257]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
In the general appearance of the zooids, as well as in having: 1) a bulging, broad oval suboral avicularium with semicircular palate, and 2) ooecia with a narrow arch of slit-like pseudopores,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C20E9E10B3A3330FB30AB921CEBFA9D" authority="Grischenko & Gordon & Taylor & Kuklinski & Denisenko & Spencer-Jones & Ostrovsky, 2022" authorityName="Grischenko & Gordon & Taylor & Kuklinski & Denisenko & Spencer-Jones & Ostrovsky" authorityYear="2022" box="[1236,1436,1267,1293]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Umbonulidae" genus="Rhamphostomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="commandorica" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9544E700B3A3330FB30AB921D92FA9C" box="[1236,1253,1267,1292]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">R</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9544E700B3A3330FB10AB921CEBFA9D" box="[1268,1436,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">commandorica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B9544E700B3A3330FF73AA7619A2FAA1" bold="true" box="[151,213,1303,1329]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A267F30B0B3A3330FF73AA7619A2FAA1" box="[151,213,1303,1329]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
resembles
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C20E9E10B3A3330FEB5AA7618BDFAA1" baseAuthorityName="O'Donoghue" baseAuthorityYear="1925" box="[337,458,1303,1329]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Umbonulidae" genus="Rhamphostomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="pacifica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9544E700B3A3330FEB5AA761815FAA0" box="[337,354,1303,1328]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">R</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9544E700B3A3330FE94AA7618BDFAA1" box="[368,458,1303,1329]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">pacifica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see below), but differs from the latter as follows: 1) the primary orifice is submerged in zooids of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C20E9E10B3A3330FEE0AA5A18BDFAC5" authority="Grischenko & Gordon & Taylor & Kuklinski & Denisenko & Spencer-Jones & Ostrovsky, 2022" authorityName="Grischenko & Gordon & Taylor & Kuklinski & Denisenko & Spencer-Jones & Ostrovsky" authorityYear="2022" box="[260,458,1339,1365]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Umbonulidae" genus="Rhamphostomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="commandorica" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9544E700B3A3330FEE0AA5A1862FAC4" box="[260,277,1339,1364]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">R</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9544E700B3A3330FEC6AA5A18BDFAC5" box="[290,458,1339,1365]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">commandorica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B9544E700B3A3330FE34AA5A1B7AFAC5" bold="true" box="[464,525,1339,1365]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A267F30B0B3A3330FE34AA5A1B7AFAC5" box="[464,525,1339,1365]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
at all stages of zooidal development, whereas it is clearly visible in non-ovicellate zooids and surrounded by a tubular peristome in ovicellate zooids of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C20E9E10B3A3330FC24AA3E1D4BFAE9" baseAuthorityName="O'Donoghue" baseAuthorityYear="1925" box="[960,1084,1375,1401]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Umbonulidae" genus="Rhamphostomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="pacifica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9544E700B3A3330FC24AA3E1AA6FAE8" box="[960,977,1375,1400]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">R</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9544E700B3A3330FC06AA3E1D4BFAE9" box="[994,1084,1375,1401]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">pacifica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; 2) the palatal foramen of the adventitious avicularia is heart-shaped in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C20E9E10B3A3330FD8BAAE21A4FFA0D" authority="Grischenko & Gordon & Taylor & Kuklinski & Denisenko & Spencer-Jones & Ostrovsky, 2022" authorityName="Grischenko & Gordon & Taylor & Kuklinski & Denisenko & Spencer-Jones & Ostrovsky" authorityYear="2022" box="[623,824,1411,1437]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Umbonulidae" genus="Rhamphostomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="commandorica" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9544E700B3A3330FD8BAAE21BF7FA0C" box="[623,640,1411,1436]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">R</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9544E700B3A3330FD74AAE21A4FFA0D" box="[656,824,1411,1437]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">commandorica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B9544E700B3A3330FCA4AAE21AF7FA0D" bold="true" box="[832,896,1411,1437]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A267F30B0B3A3330FCA4AAE21AF7FA0D" box="[832,896,1411,1437]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, but Y-shaped in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C20E9E10B3A3330FBADAAE21DB4FA0D" baseAuthorityName="O'Donoghue" baseAuthorityYear="1925" box="[1097,1219,1411,1437]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Umbonulidae" genus="Rhamphostomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="pacifica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9544E700B3A3330FBADAAE21D2DFA0C" box="[1097,1114,1411,1436]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">R</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9544E700B3A3330FB8DAAE21DB4FA0D" box="[1129,1219,1411,1437]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">pacifica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; 3) the two known colonies of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C20E9E10B3A3330FEF3AAC618AAFA51" authority="Grischenko & Gordon & Taylor & Kuklinski & Denisenko & Spencer-Jones & Ostrovsky, 2022" authorityName="Grischenko & Gordon & Taylor & Kuklinski & Denisenko & Spencer-Jones & Ostrovsky" authorityYear="2022" box="[279,477,1447,1473]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Umbonulidae" genus="Rhamphostomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="commandorica" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9544E700B3A3330FEF3AAC6185FFA50" box="[279,296,1447,1472]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">R</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9544E700B3A3330FED1AAC618AAFA51" box="[309,477,1447,1473]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">commandorica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B9544E700B3A3330FE07AAC61B57FA51" bold="true" box="[483,544,1447,1473]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A267F30B0B3A3330FE07AAC61B57FA51" box="[483,544,1447,1473]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
are both encrusting, whereas colonies of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C20E9E10B3A3330FC0CAAC61D17FA51" baseAuthorityName="O'Donoghue" baseAuthorityYear="1925" box="[1000,1120,1447,1473]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Umbonulidae" genus="Rhamphostomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="pacifica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9544E700B3A3330FC0CAAC61A8EFA50" box="[1000,1017,1447,1472]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">R</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9544E700B3A3330FBE2AAC61D17FA51" box="[1030,1120,1447,1473]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">pacifica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are encrusting only initially, but rapidly grow into erect bilamellar ruffled expansions.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33AC1E90B3A3330FF23AA8E1D78F9BD" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9F92620B3A3330FF23AA8E1D78F9BD" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,1689]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9544E700B3A3330FF23AA8E185BF999" bold="true" box="[199,300,1519,1545]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Ecology.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C20E9E10B3A3330FED1AA8E1BC7F999" authority="Grischenko & Gordon & Taylor & Kuklinski & Denisenko & Spencer-Jones & Ostrovsky, 2022" authorityName="Grischenko & Gordon & Taylor & Kuklinski & Denisenko & Spencer-Jones & Ostrovsky" authorityYear="2022" box="[309,688,1519,1545]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Umbonulidae" genus="Rhamphostomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="commandorica" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9544E700B3A3330FED1AA8E1BC7F999" box="[309,688,1519,1545]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Rhamphostomella commandorica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B9544E700B3A3330FD5DAA8E1B8DF999" bold="true" box="[697,762,1519,1545]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A267F30B0B3A3330FD5DAA8E1B8DF999" box="[697,762,1519,1545]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
has been found at depths of
|
||
<quantity id="4CD83F870B3A3330FBAFAA8F1DB7F999" box="[1099,1216,1518,1545]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="0.1" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="m" value="130.0" valueMax="250.0" valueMin="10.0">10–250 m</quantity>
|
||
, on mixed bottoms (silt, pebbles, boulders). The original substrata for our specimens are unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33AC1E90B3A3330FF23A957181FF909" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9F92620B3A3330FF23A957181FF909" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,1689]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9544E700B3A3330FF23A9571816F9C0" bold="true" box="[199,353,1590,1616]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Presently known only from Poludennaya Bight off Medny Island, Commander Islands, and Adak Island, Andreanof Islands, Aleutian Islands,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C20E9E10B3A3330FD74A93A1A2EF9E5" authority="Grischenko & Gordon & Taylor & Kuklinski & Denisenko & Spencer-Jones & Ostrovsky, 2022" authorityName="Grischenko & Gordon & Taylor & Kuklinski & Denisenko & Spencer-Jones & Ostrovsky" authorityYear="2022" box="[656,857,1627,1653]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Umbonulidae" genus="Rhamphostomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="commandorica" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9544E700B3A3330FD74A93A1BD6F9E4" box="[656,673,1627,1652]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">R</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9544E700B3A3330FD55A93A1A2EF9E5" box="[689,857,1627,1653]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">commandorica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B9544E700B3A3330FC86A93A1AD5F9E5" bold="true" box="[866,930,1627,1653]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A267F30B0B3A3330FC86A93A1AD5F9E5" box="[866,930,1627,1653]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
can be categorized as a Pacific high-boreal, sublittoral species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |