130 lines
15 KiB
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130 lines
15 KiB
XML
<document id="DB2917F85F8A3AE62F5952B48C839C29" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3872.4.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="3278c375-6c89-42a2-b7ac-24b9bb91730e" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="251860" ID-ZooBank="8FECCFC1-7CA9-4A90-B881-4BD40157AD99" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460928091107" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Cock, Matthew J. W. & Congdon, T. Colin E." docDate="2014" docId="03AA87B3FFF63530FF79FA1924DCDE02" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03872p354.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3872 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Monza punctata subsp. punctata Aurivillius 1910" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="350" masterDocId="FF93FFCBFFC63501FFEEFFD82603DF67" masterDocTitle="Observations on the biology of Afrotropical Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera). Part 7. Hesperiinae incertae sedis: grass and bamboo feeders" masterLastPageNumber="354" masterPageNumber="301" pageNumber="349" updateTime="1698362795193" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="C6D4F9D97CA2BAA8DD13092059267982">Observations on the biology of Afrotropical Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera). Part 7. Hesperiinae incertae sedis: grass and bamboo feeders</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="CE26713E30B8ACAB5EBAD5726BD34D89">Cock, Matthew J. W.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="F450310E513C0958D13EBD33700969A9">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="8442D2D4219595B0238487AFCC62798A">Congdon, T. Colin E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="34D49234FE4022DEFEF00BB27E6133F1">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="01FE2B076608986DF4E74B6B2441F5E5">
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<mods:date id="4CC2B4DC94D8E713FCAF173389266B99">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="2195F67656E54E0BEEF2012202282341">3872</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03AA87B3FFF63530FF79FA1924DCDE02" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5681032" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119589689" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5681032" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AA87B3FFF63530FF79FA1924DCDE02" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AA87B3FFF63530FF79FA1924DCDE02" lastPageId="49" lastPageNumber="350" pageId="48" pageNumber="349">
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<subSubSection id="C319652EFFF63530FF79FA1924DCDE02" lastPageId="49" lastPageNumber="350" pageId="48" pageNumber="349" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BBC36A5FFF63531FF79FA1925ACDABC" blockId="48.[151,943,1473,1499]" box="[151,943,1473,1499]" pageId="48" pageNumber="349">
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<heading id="D0F481C9FFF63531FF79FA1925ACDABC" bold="true" box="[151,943,1473,1499]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="48" pageNumber="349" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B977EAB7FFF63531FF79FA1925ACDABC" bold="true" box="[151,943,1473,1499]" pageId="48" pageNumber="349">
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<taxonomicName id="4C034D26FFF63531FF79FA1924A2DABC" authority="Aurivillius, 1910" authorityName="Aurivillius" authorityYear="1910" box="[151,673,1473,1499]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Monza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="349" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="punctata" subSpecies="punctata">
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<emphasis id="B977EAB7FFF63531FF79FA1927C9DABC" bold="true" box="[151,458,1473,1499]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="349">Monza punctata punctata</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF924B54FFF63531FE3CFA1924A2DABC" author="Aurivillius" box="[466,673,1473,1499]" pageId="48" pageNumber="349" refString="Aurivillius, C. (1910) Lepidoptera. Wissenchaftliche Ergebnisse der Schwedische Zoologischen Expedition nach dem Kilimandjaro, dem Meru und den Umbebenden Massaisteppen Deutsch-Ostafrikas 1905 - 1906 unter Leitung von Prof. Dr. Yngve Sjostedt, 2 (9), 1 - 56, 2 plates. Available from: http: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / pdf 3 / 006399500017061. pdf (accessed 9 September 2014)" type="book chapter" year="1910">Aurivillius, 1910</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Mt Mlanje,
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<collectingCountry id="F3147635FFF63531FCA8FA1925A5DABC" box="[838,934,1473,1499]" name="Malawi" pageId="48" pageNumber="349">Malawi</collectingCountry>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BBC36A5FFF63531FF79F9D1251ED99E" blockId="48.[151,1437,1544,2037]" pageId="48" pageNumber="349">
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As noted above, this material is from the vicinity of the
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<typeStatus id="54B88807FFF63531FCFAF9D12547D946" box="[788,836,1545,1569]" pageId="48" pageNumber="349">type</typeStatus>
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locality (Mt Mlanje,
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<collectingCountry id="F3147635FFF63531FBD7F9D02293D946" box="[1081,1168,1544,1569]" name="Malawi" pageId="48" pageNumber="349">Malawi</collectingCountry>
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) of the distinctive form
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<emphasis id="B977EAB7FFF63531FF79F9F526D4D923" box="[151,215,1581,1604]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="349">crona</emphasis>
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, currently treated as a synonym of
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<taxonomicName id="4C034D26FFF63531FD97F9F52218D922" authority="Ackery et al. 1995" authorityName="Ackery et al." authorityYear="1995" box="[633,1051,1580,1605]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Monza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="349" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="punctata" subSpecies="punctata">
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<emphasis id="B977EAB7FFF63531FD97F9F52521D923" box="[633,802,1581,1604]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="349">M. p. punctata</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EF924B54FFF63531FCDAF9F42210D922" author="Ackery" box="[820,1043,1580,1605]" pageId="48" pageNumber="349" refString="Ackery, P. R., Smith, C. R. & Vane-Wright, R. I. (1995) Carcasson's African Butterflies. An annotated catalogue of the Papilionoidea and Hesperioidea of the Afrotropical Region. CSIRO Publications, Melbourne, Australia, 803 pp." type="book" year="1995">
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Ackery
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<emphasis id="B977EAB7FFF63531FC7DF9F525C4D922" box="[915,967,1580,1605]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="349">et al</emphasis>
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. 1995
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</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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, but likely to be a separate valid species (T.B. Larsen pers. comm. 2014). TCEC found early stages at Ruo Gorge at the foot of Mlanje Mountain, southern
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<collectingCountry id="F3147635FFF63531FF11F9AC2754D9EA" box="[255,343,1652,1677]" name="Malawi" pageId="48" pageNumber="349">Malawi</collectingCountry>
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, feeding on a large-leaved
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<taxonomicName id="4C034D26FFF63531FD66F9AD24DAD9EB" box="[648,729,1653,1676]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Setaria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="48" pageNumber="349" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B977EAB7FFF63531FD66F9AD24DAD9EB" box="[648,729,1653,1676]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="349">Setaria</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp., identified as
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<emphasis id="B977EAB7FFF63531FC4FF9AD2254D9EA" box="[929,1111,1652,1677]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="349">
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<taxonomicName id="4C034D26FFF63531FC4FF9AD2250D9EA" box="[929,1107,1652,1677]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Setaria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="48" pageNumber="349" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="grandis">Setaria grandis</taxonomicName>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Most reports indicate that
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<taxonomicName id="4C034D26FFF63531FA69F9AD26EED9D6" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Setaria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="48" pageNumber="349" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="grandis">
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<emphasis id="B977EAB7FFF63531FA69F9AD26EED9D6" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="349">S. grandis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is restricted to the Nyika Plateau of northern
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<collectingCountry id="F3147635FFF63531FCDEF9402586D9D6" box="[816,901,1688,1713]" name="Malawi" pageId="48" pageNumber="349">Malawi</collectingCountry>
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(e.g.
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<bibRefCitation id="EF924B54FFF63531FC3BF9402274D9D7" author="Clayton" box="[981,1143,1688,1713]" pageId="48" pageNumber="349" refString="Clayton, W. D. (1989) Setaria grandis Stapf. In: Flora Zambesiaca, 10 (3). Available from: http: // plants. jstor. org / flora / fz 8569 (accessed 9 September 2014)" type="journal article" year="1989">Clayton 1989</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EF924B54FFF63531FB64F9402332D9D7" author="Golding" box="[1162,1329,1688,1713]" pageId="48" pageNumber="349" refString="Golding, J. S. (Ed.) (2002) Southern African plant Red Data Lists. SABONET Report No. 14. Southern African Botanical Diversity Network, Pretoria, South Africa, 256 pp. http: // www. sabonet. org. za / reddatalist / reddatalist _ index. htm" type="book" year="2002">Golding 2002</bibRefCitation>
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), so this identification may need confirmation. The early stages were found in semi-shade along the road edge, and not on the much more plentiful food plant just outside the forest.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BBC36A5FFF63531FF29F8DC2413D892" blockId="48.[151,1437,1544,2037]" pageId="48" pageNumber="349">
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TCEC made observations on the leaf shelters (
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<figureCitation id="13382A20FFF63531FD21F8DC2542D87B" box="[719,833,1796,1821]" captionStart="FIGURE 48" captionStartId="48.[151,250,1322,1344]" captionTargetBox="[153,1436,301,1301]" captionTargetId="figure@48.[153,1438,288,1302]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="FIGURE 48. Leaf shelters of Monza punctata punctata on Setaria sp., Ruo Gorge, Malawi [TCEC]. 1, shelter of a young caterpillar, 12 Mar 2014; 2, shelter of a medium-grown caterpillar, 12 Mar 2014; 3, shelter of final instar caterpillar, 12 Mar 2014; 4, pupal shelter, 31 Mar 2014." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/251908/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="349">Figure 48</figureCitation>
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). A young caterpillar’s shelter consisted of the midrib and one leaf margin, rolled from the leaf apex back towards the base (Figure 48.1). A more advanced caterpillar was feeding on both sides of the midrib, but left the leaf margins intact (Figure 48.2), while the final instar caterpillar ate the leaf out to the margins on both sides, leaving a simple, tightly rolled tubular shelter (Figure 48.3). A field collected pupa was found in a dead-looking shelter, hanging down as described above for
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<taxonomicName id="4C034D26FFF63531FB36F84D2344D8CA" box="[1240,1351,1940,1965]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Monza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="349" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alberti">
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<emphasis id="B977EAB7FFF63531FB36F84D2344D8CA" box="[1240,1351,1940,1965]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="349">M. alberti</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C034D26FFF63531FA93F84D26F5D8B7" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Monza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="349" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cretacea">
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<emphasis id="B977EAB7FFF63531FA93F84D26F5D8B7" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="349">M. cretacea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, tightly sealed at each end. The pupal shelter is lined with white waxy powder, but this hardly extends to the pupa (Figure 46.8–9, 47.5–6).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BBC36A5FFF73530FF29FF4024DCDE02" blockId="49.[151,1437,151,357]" pageId="49" pageNumber="350">
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In the Ruo Gorge population, the penultimate instar caterpillars (Figure 49.1) have unmarked black heads, with no sign of paler colour, and no indication of black markings on the anal plate—very different in this respect from the
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<taxonomicName id="4C034D26FFF73530FF2AFF072722DF9F" box="[196,289,223,248]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Chondrolepis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="336" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="uluguru">Uluguru</taxonomicName>
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population. In the final instar, the head is similar to the dark form illustrated from the Udzungwa Mountains, but laterally it is pale brown (Figure 49.2–3). There seems to be little variability in the head markings of the final instar, unlike
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<taxonomicName id="4C034D26FFF73530FE2DFEF1246DDE27" box="[451,622,297,320]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Monza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="350" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="punctata" subSpecies="punctata">
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<emphasis id="B977EAB7FFF73530FE2DFEF1246DDE27" box="[451,622,297,320]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="350">M. p. punctata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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from
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<collectingCountry id="F3147635FFF73530FD57FEFF2522DE27" box="[697,801,295,320]" name="Tanzania" pageId="49" pageNumber="350">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
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. The pupa (Figure 49.4) is similar to that of the other populations of
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<taxonomicName id="4C034D26FFF73530FED1FE9527C5DE03" box="[319,454,333,356]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Monza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="350" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctata">
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<emphasis id="B977EAB7FFF73530FED1FE9527C5DE03" box="[319,454,333,356]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="350">M. punctata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Figure 46.8–9, 47.5–6).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |