145 lines
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145 lines
17 KiB
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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.226.103500" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-226-33" ID-Pensoft-UUID="7ACDC9791B575F5E9AFE954DE6D6C185" ModsDocID="1314-2003-226-33" checkinTime="1683649920426" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Levanets, Anatoliy & Janse van Vuuren, Sanet" docDate="2023" docId="942BA4096F6251C4AB8F6FE6F56AC5EB" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 226: 33-51" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 226" docPubDate="2023-05-09" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.226.103500" docTitle="Micrasterias foliacea subsp. var. var. ornata Nordstedt 1869" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="7ACDC9791B575F5E9AFE954DE6D6C185" lastPageNumber="33" masterDocId="7ACDC9791B575F5E9AFE954DE6D6C185" masterDocTitle="Morphology, taxonomy, biogeography and ecology of Micrasterias foliacea Bailey ex Ralfs (Desmidiales, Zygnematophyceae)" masterLastPageNumber="51" masterPageNumber="33" pageNumber="33" updateTime="1683649920426" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Morphology, taxonomy, biogeography and ecology of Micrasterias foliacea Bailey ex Ralfs (Desmidiales, Zygnematophyceae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Levanets, Anatoliy</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Private Bag X 6001, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">20868421@nwu.ac.za</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Janse van Vuuren, Sanet</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5361-9905</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Private Bag X 6001, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2023</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2023-05-09</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>226</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>33</mods:start>
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<mods:end>51</mods:end>
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</mods:part>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.226.103500</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.226.103500</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-226-33</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">7ACDC9791B575F5E9AFE954DE6D6C185</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:942BA4096F6251C4AB8F6FE6F56AC5EB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/942BA4096F6251C4AB8F6FE6F56AC5EB" lastPageNumber="33" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="33" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
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6.
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<taxonomicName LSID="942BA409-6F62-51C4-AB8F-6FE6F56AC5EB" authority="Nordstedt, 1869" authorityName="Nordstedt" authorityYear="1869" class="Conjugatophyceae" family="Desmidiaceae" genus="Micrasterias" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Micrasterias foliacea subsp. var. var. ornata" order="Desmidiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" phylum="Charophyta" rank="variety" species="foliacea" subSpecies="var." variety="ornata">Micrasterias foliacea var. ornata Nordstedt, 1869</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="33" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Nordstedt" authorityYear="1869" class="Conjugatophyceae" family="Desmidiaceae" genus="Micrasterias" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Micrasterias foliacea subsp. var. var. ornata" order="Desmidiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" phylum="Charophyta" rank="variety" species="foliacea" subSpecies="var." variety="ornata">Micrasterias foliacea var. ornata</taxonomicName>
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Nordstedt, 1869. "Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra den Naturhistorisk Forening i
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Kjøbenhavn">Kjobenhavn</normalizedToken>
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for Aaret" 21: 221, Taf. 2, fig. 16.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="33" type="morphology">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Morphology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
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Each semicell is rectangular and the cell wall bears one to three small spines along the sinus, as well as on the upper margin of the upper lateral lobe near its base and the lower margin of the lower lateral lobes near the isthmus (
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<bibRefCitation author="Kim, HS" journalOrPublisher="Desmidiales: Closteriaceae II, Desmidiaceae II. Freshwater Green Algae. Sang Pal Lee Publisher" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" refId="B27" refString="Kim, HS, 2013. Algal Flora of Korea (Vol. 6, Number 3). Charophyta: Conjugatophyceae (Desmids II). Desmidiales: Closteriaceae II, Desmidiaceae II. Freshwater Green Algae. Sang Pal Lee Publisher" title="Algal Flora of Korea (Vol. 6, Number 3). Charophyta: Conjugatophyceae (Desmids II)." year="2013">Kim 2013</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.5141/ecoenv.2014.032" author="Kim, HS" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Ecology and Environment" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" pagination="285 - 298" refId="B28" refString="Kim, HS, 2014. Desmids from Korea; 1. Desmidiaceae 1 (Micrasterias). Journal of Ecology and Environment 37 (4): 285 - 298, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5141/ecoenv.2014.032" title="Desmids from Korea; 1. Desmidiaceae 1 (Micrasterias)." url="https://doi.org/10.5141/ecoenv.2014.032" volume="37" year="2014">2014</bibRefCitation>
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). The presence of the spines on the upper and lower margins of the lateral lobes, as well as the incision which separates the polar lobe, is regarded as the major difference between this variety and the type (
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<bibRefCitation author="Nordstedt, CFO" editor="Warming, E" journalOrPublisher="Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra den Naturhistorisk Forening i Kjobenhavn for Aaret 14, 15" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" pagination="195 - 234" refId="B43" refString="Nordstedt, CFO, 1869. Desmidiaceae. In: Warming, E, Ed., Symbolae ad floram Brasiliae centralis cognoscendam. Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra den Naturhistorisk Forening i Kjobenhavn for Aaret 14, 15: 195 - 234" title="Desmidiaceae." volumeTitle="Symbolae ad floram Brasiliae centralis cognoscendam." year="1869">Nordstedt 1869</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation author="Zalocar de Domitrovic, Y" journalOrPublisher="B" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" pagination="55 - 62" refId="B73" refString="Zalocar de Domitrovic, Y, 1981. Desmidiales (Chlorophyta) de la provincia de Corrientes (Argentina). II. El genero Micrasterias. Physis (Buenos Aires). Sec. B 40 (98): 55 - 62" title="Desmidiales (Chlorophyta) de la provincia de Corrientes (Argentina). II. El genero Micrasterias. Physis (Buenos Aires). Sec." volume="40" year="1981">Zalocar de Domitrovic 1981</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
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In Asian specimens of both the specific form and var.
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<taxonomicName authority="ornata" class="Conjugatophyceae" family="Desmidiaceae" genus="Micrasterias" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Micrasterias ornata var. ornata" order="Desmidiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" phylum="Charophyta" rank="variety" species="ornata" variety="ornata">Micrasterias ornata ornata</taxonomicName>
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a peculiar phenomenon, never seen in any American specimens, was observed. This is a warping of the surface of the filament, resulting in the twisting of the side (edge) view of the chains into a sinusoidal curve which is sometimes quite pronounced. It is caused by the curving and dishing in opposite directions of the right and left lateral lobes of one semicell, those of the other semicell being curved and dished in the reverse manner (
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00040416" author="Scott, AM" journalOrPublisher="Hydrobiologia" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" pagination="1 - 132" refId="B59" refString="Scott, AM, Prescott, GW, 1961. Indonesian Desmids. Hydrobiologia 17 (1-2): 1 - 132, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00040416" title="Indonesian Desmids." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00040416" volume="17" year="1961">Scott and Prescott 1961</bibRefCitation>
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). Illustrations of these twisting of the chains can be found in
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00040416" author="Scott, AM" journalOrPublisher="Hydrobiologia" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" pagination="1 - 132" refId="B59" refString="Scott, AM, Prescott, GW, 1961. Indonesian Desmids. Hydrobiologia 17 (1-2): 1 - 132, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00040416" title="Indonesian Desmids." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00040416" volume="17" year="1961">Scott and Prescott (1961)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="33" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
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Although variety
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<taxonomicName class="Conjugatophyceae" family="Desmidiaceae" genus="Micrasterias" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Micrasterias ornata" order="Desmidiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" phylum="Charophyta" rank="species" species="ornata">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Micrasterias ornata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is less widespread than var.
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<taxonomicName class="Conjugatophyceae" family="Desmidiaceae" genus="Micrasterias" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Micrasterias ornata var. foliacea" order="Desmidiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" phylum="Charophyta" rank="variety" species="ornata" variety="foliacea">Micrasterias ornata foliacea</taxonomicName>
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, it is also widely distributed throughout the world. Similar to the type, it was not recorded anywhere in Europe and in North America it was only recorded from northwestern Canada and two eastern states of the USA. It is more abundant in South America, Africa, and Asia and it was also recorded from Australia. The distribution of var.
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<taxonomicName authority="ornata" class="Conjugatophyceae" family="Desmidiaceae" genus="Micrasterias" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Micrasterias ornata var. ornata" order="Desmidiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" phylum="Charophyta" rank="variety" species="ornata" variety="ornata">Micrasterias ornata ornata</taxonomicName>
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is illustrated in Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Worldwide distribution of different varieties of Micrasterias foliacea." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.226.103500.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/847713" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">2</figureCitation>
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and more details regarding its patterns of distribution are presented in Suppl. material 3.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="33" type="habitat">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Habitat and ecology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
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Variety
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<taxonomicName class="Conjugatophyceae" family="Desmidiaceae" genus="Micrasterias" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Micrasterias ornata" order="Desmidiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" phylum="Charophyta" rank="species" species="ornata">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Micrasterias ornata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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was recorded from a wide range of different ecological niches - it was found in different types of freshwaters, both standing (rainwater pools, rock ponds, rice fields, reservoirs, lakes, swamps, wetlands, flooded savannahs and lagoons) and flowing (creeks, moderate to rapidly flowing rivers). It was growing on the leaves of
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<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Hymenachne" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Hymenachne amplexicaulis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="amplexicaulis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="33">Hymenachne amplexicaulis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Poaceae</taxonomicName>
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) by
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<bibRefCitation author="Salazar Pereira, CV" journalOrPublisher="Doctorado en Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, La Plata" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" refId="B57" refString="Salazar Pereira, CV, 1991. Estudio sistematico de la ficoflora perifitica (Desmidiales y Euglenaceae) asociada a Himenachne amplexicaulis en una sabana inundable de Venezuela. Doctorado en Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, La Plata" title="Estudio sistematico de la ficoflora perifitica (Desmidiales y Euglenaceae) asociada a Himenachne amplexicaulis en una sabana inundable de Venezuela." year="1991">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Salazár">Salazar</normalizedToken>
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Pereira (1991)
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</bibRefCitation>
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and
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<bibRefCitation author="Salazar, C" journalOrPublisher="Memoria de la Fundacion La Salle de Ciencias Naturales" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" pagination="95 - 131" refId="B56" refString="Salazar, C, 2006/2007. Desmidiaceae (Zygophyceae) asociadas a Hymenachne amplexicaulis (Poaceae) en una sabana tropical inundable, Venezuela. Memoria de la Fundacion La Salle de Ciencias Naturales 166: 95 - 131" title="Desmidiaceae (Zygophyceae) asociadas a Hymenachne amplexicaulis (Poaceae) en una sabana tropical inundable, Venezuela." volume="166" year="2006 / 2007">Salazar (2006/2007)</bibRefCitation>
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. It was also found in a coastal area in Nigeria (
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.4314/gjpas.v8i2.16036" author="Kadiri, MO" journalOrPublisher="Global Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" pagination="223 - 237" refId="B24" refString="Kadiri, MO, 2002. A checklist of desmids in Nigeria. Global Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences 8 (2): 223 - 237, DOI: https://doi.org/10.4314/gjpas.v8i2.16036" title="A checklist of desmids in Nigeria." url="https://doi.org/10.4314/gjpas.v8i2.16036" volume="8" year="2002">Kadiri 2002</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="33">
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According to
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<bibRefCitation author="Kim, HS" journalOrPublisher="Desmidiales: Closteriaceae II, Desmidiaceae II. Freshwater Green Algae. Sang Pal Lee Publisher" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" refId="B27" refString="Kim, HS, 2013. Algal Flora of Korea (Vol. 6, Number 3). Charophyta: Conjugatophyceae (Desmids II). Desmidiales: Closteriaceae II, Desmidiaceae II. Freshwater Green Algae. Sang Pal Lee Publisher" title="Algal Flora of Korea (Vol. 6, Number 3). Charophyta: Conjugatophyceae (Desmids II)." year="2013">Kim (2013)</bibRefCitation>
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this variety occurs mostly in oligo-mesotrophic, neutral-alkaline water bodies. The variety had a rare abundance in a natural oligotrophic pond on Jeju Island (South Korea), with pH ranging between 6.1 and 7.5 and conductivity between 44 and 108
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μS">μS</normalizedToken>
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/cm (
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.5141/ecoenv.2014.032" author="Kim, HS" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Ecology and Environment" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" pagination="285 - 298" refId="B28" refString="Kim, HS, 2014. Desmids from Korea; 1. Desmidiaceae 1 (Micrasterias). Journal of Ecology and Environment 37 (4): 285 - 298, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5141/ecoenv.2014.032" title="Desmids from Korea; 1. Desmidiaceae 1 (Micrasterias)." url="https://doi.org/10.5141/ecoenv.2014.032" volume="37" year="2014">Kim 2014</bibRefCitation>
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). In Venezuela it was found in a flooded savannah which was acidic, with a low salinity and a high biomass of macrophytes (
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<bibRefCitation author="Salazar Pereira, CV" journalOrPublisher="Doctorado en Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, La Plata" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" refId="B57" refString="Salazar Pereira, CV, 1991. Estudio sistematico de la ficoflora perifitica (Desmidiales y Euglenaceae) asociada a Himenachne amplexicaulis en una sabana inundable de Venezuela. Doctorado en Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, La Plata" title="Estudio sistematico de la ficoflora perifitica (Desmidiales y Euglenaceae) asociada a Himenachne amplexicaulis en una sabana inundable de Venezuela." year="1991">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Salazár">Salazar</normalizedToken>
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Pereira 1991
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</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation author="Salazar, C" journalOrPublisher="Memoria de la Fundacion La Salle de Ciencias Naturales" pageId="0" pageNumber="33" pagination="95 - 131" refId="B56" refString="Salazar, C, 2006/2007. Desmidiaceae (Zygophyceae) asociadas a Hymenachne amplexicaulis (Poaceae) en una sabana tropical inundable, Venezuela. Memoria de la Fundacion La Salle de Ciencias Naturales 166: 95 - 131" title="Desmidiaceae (Zygophyceae) asociadas a Hymenachne amplexicaulis (Poaceae) en una sabana tropical inundable, Venezuela." volume="166" year="2006 / 2007">Salazar 2006/2007</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |