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<document id="47E9232EF83A4E4A5D4FD1C6F5966195" ID-CLB-Dataset="51259" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.156539" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e716a0de-612e-443f-9033-72986c2d1765" ID-ISSN="1175­5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="156539" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459635498284" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Takiya, Daniela Maeda, Cavichioli, Rodney Ramiro &amp; Gabriel" docDate="2003" docId="6E4087D9AA3EFF8BFEACFEE7FC2D5391" docLanguage="en" docName="zt00335.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 335" docStyle="DocumentStyle:FA7E419B012A62B0FC3AC15A186C3DAF.3:Zootaxa.2001-2006.journal_article" docStyleId="FA7E419B012A62B0FC3AC15A186C3DAF" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2001-2006.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Caragonia Takiya, Cavichioli et Mejdalani" docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="7" masterDocId="9279FFA1AA3CFF8DFFA4FFFBFFBE5517" masterDocTitle="Caragonia, a new genus of Cicadellini (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) from Southeastern Brazil" masterLastPageNumber="10" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="3" updateTime="1698205535001" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="4B1C65CD1D607E3F0845D70E1975140A" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="73B943783458E413127CD96D70BE2FD4">
<mods:title id="33D1A062407874657986F593FDB0179E">Caragonia, a new genus of Cicadellini (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) from Southeastern Brazil</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="60865E472AB127A570DE21CC7CF0A4D2" type="personal">
<mods:role id="366FFADADB6FA3A2E0F866F4B5DEAF7E">
<mods:roleTerm id="54F97ABB9C5420D7CBFC403F6663E0AA">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="B363189DD6FB4A65EA5C408AC81B5A14">Takiya, Daniela Maeda</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="8B2CD062012211CB1EC08025DBCC5CA6" type="personal">
<mods:role id="1512463F69E5B1D41608024D7F873D18">
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="322CB0C09446B02FFD6BF01B94885119">Cavichioli, Rodney Ramiro</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="1B6BB8963281594837AAC812F1E64898" type="personal">
<mods:role id="25D1402136C9CA1B16B67E7BBC4EB622">
<mods:roleTerm id="04FFBA72C5DBB25C51693AD5120F7914">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="BA866E2FAAD173C7E48DBBE55485C288">Gabriel</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="7C952801538F3AE3F4AE4153B1C4FC98">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="C509B299009F32FEBED7DF91A0379CDA" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="193166A7E152CD07942C236269B671EA">
<mods:title id="0BE95D4B4866A31CA19466CB4AEC71F3">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="D4DACFD9C0831D0471FBFD53BB020E85">
<mods:date id="9903F8058B539BE2AED569C426F39834">2003</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="29DE53BB01099DCC9FF023EACAF84AC4" type="volume">
<mods:number id="91C58844598DFC3150BD10EF5BEA30E1">335</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="F34D4A5D1222D9AC28A053DE7A6E189C">1</mods:start>
<mods:end id="1443E79E50F41ACB7797A04CBFC92267">10</mods:end>
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<mods:classification id="CF5CBEED49F31638382C6AA02A0A3812">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="0F60199E993893E23103A9CD222D9D4E" type="CLB-Dataset">51259</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="E7162381F6869C67F1B09AAD665485B8" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.156539</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="2C19B1E60384509535CE3B7005CADEAD" type="GBIF-Dataset">e716a0de-612e-443f-9033-72986c2d1765</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="C09FAF8941D9C3BC1C6A484A803F49C2" type="ISSN">1175­5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="C63BAB1C6FA9A7FCF12802478350A71B" type="Zenodo-Dep">156539</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="6E4087D9AA3EFF8BFEACFEE7FC2D5391" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6274619" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119332359" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6274619" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6E4087D9AA3EFF8BFEACFEE7FC2D5391" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6E4087D9AA3EFF8BFEACFEE7FC2D5391" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<subSubSection id="AEF36544AA3EFF8FFEACFEE7FE31544E" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="E65636CFAA3EFF8FFEACFEE7FC2B5422" blockId="2.[264,917,283,345]" box="[264,917,283,310]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<heading id="BD1E81A3AA3EFF8FFEACFEE7FC2B5422" bold="true" box="[264,917,283,310]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" reason="1">
<emphasis id="D49DEADDAA3EFF8FFEACFEE7FC2B5422" bold="true" box="[264,917,283,310]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<taxonomicName id="21E94D4CAA3EFF8FFEACFEE7FCA55422" ID-CoL="8JKTN" authority="Takiya, Cavichioli et Mejdalani" authorityName="Takiya, Cavichioli et Mejdalani" box="[264,795,283,310]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Caragonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D49DEADDAA3EFF8FFEACFEE7FE365421" bold="true" box="[264,392,284,310]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Caragonia</emphasis>
Takiya, Cavichioli et Mejdalani
</taxonomicName>
, gen. nov.
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E65636CFAA3EFF8FFEACFEC4FE31544E" blockId="2.[264,917,283,345]" box="[264,399,319,345]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
(
<figureCitation id="7ED22A4AAA3EFF8FFEB4FEC4FE39544E" box="[272,391,319,345]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 1 – 2" captionStart-1="FIGURES 3 – 16" captionStart-2="FIGURES 17 – 20" captionStartId-0="2.[264,382,1558,1582]" captionStartId-1="3.[264,382,1555,1579]" captionStartId-2="5.[264,382,955,979]" captionTargetBox-0="[364,1222,867,1547]" captionTargetBox-2="[330,1270,333,925]" captionTargetId-0="figure@2.[277,1336,866,1550]" captionTargetId-2="figure@5.[273,1332,309,946]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-2="5" captionText-0="FIGURES 1 – 2, Caragonia gen. nov. (1) Dorsal habitus of female lectotype of C. monstruosa (Signoret) comb. nov., NHMW; (2) dorsal habitus of female paratype of C. bella sp. nov., DZUP. Photographs taken under the same magnification." captionText-1="FIGURES 3 – 16, Caragonia bella sp. nov. (3) Dorsal habitus of male holotype, MNRJ. Figures 4 – 9, male genitalia. (4) Pygofer, anal tube, valve, subgenital plate, style, and aedeagus, lateral view; (5) pygofer apex, caudal view; (6) aedeagus, lateral view; (7) detail of aedeagus apex, ventral view, (8) connective, style, and paraphyses, dorsal view; (9) valve and subgenital plate, ventral view. Figures 10 – 16, female genitalia. (10) Sternite VII, first valvifer, tergite VIII, pygofer, gonoplac, and anal tube, lateral view (internal sternite VIII not illustrated); (11) sternite VII, tergite VIII, and internal sternite VIII, dorsal view; (12) sternite VII, pygofer, ovipositor valvulae (bases not illustrated), and gonoplacs, ventral view; (13) base of first valvula and first valvifer, ventral view. Figs 14 – 16, second valvula, lateral view. (14) General aspect; (15) detail of apex; (16) tooth XI from base." captionText-2="FIGURES 17 – 20, Caragonia monstruosa (Signoret) comb. nov., female genitalia. (17) Sternite VII, first valvifer, tergite VIII, pygofer, gonoplac, and anal tube, lateral view (internal sternite VIII not illustrated); (18) sternite VII, tergite VIII, and internal sternite VIII, dorsal view; (19) sternite VII, pygofer, ovipositor valvulae (bases not illustrated), and gonoplacs, ventral view; (20) base of first valvula and first valvifer, ventral view." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/168810/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/156541/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Figs 1–20</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="AEF36544AA3EFF8FFEACFE75FC4754BE" box="[264,1017,398,425]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="description">
<paragraph id="E65636CFAA3EFF8FFEACFE75FC4754BE" blockId="2.[264,1323,398,825]" box="[264,1017,398,425]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis id="D49DEADDAA3EFF8FFEACFE75FE1254BF" bold="true" box="[264,428,398,424]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Type­species.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="21E94D4CAA3EFF8FFE10FE74FDC854BF" box="[436,630,399,424]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Caragonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bella" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="D49DEADDAA3EFF8FFE10FE74FDC854BF" box="[436,630,399,424]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Caragonia bella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CFAE57A6AA3EFF8FFDD8FE75FD6454BF" box="[636,730,398,424]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" rank="species">
<emphasis id="D49DEADDAA3EFF8FFDD8FE75FD6454BF" bold="true" box="[636,730,398,424]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, by present designation.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="AEF36544AA3EFF8EFE9CFE4DFBD95671" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="E65636CFAA3EFF8FFE9CFE4DFBF8562E" blockId="2.[264,1323,398,825]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis id="D49DEADDAA3EFF8FFE9CFE4DFE0654C7" bold="true" box="[312,440,438,464]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Large and robust cicadellines; head and thorax mostly black, forewings red with maculae and apical portion dark brown to black; crown slightly produced anteriorly, forming approximately a right angle with frons in lateral view, anterior margin not carinate; pronotum wider than head with lateral margins convergent anteriorly; female sternite VII with median longitudinal fold, posterior margin with narrow and deep concavity, lateral margins well produced posteriorly; teeth of second valvulae of ovipositor gradually declivous posteriorly. The following diagnostic characteristics of the male genitalia are based only on the type­species: aedeagus cylindrical and elongate, shaft with base directed anteriorly and then curving gradually posteriorly, with apical pair of processes; paraphyses with stalk longer than rami; subgenital plates with apex broadly round.
</paragraph>
<caption id="B2966647AA3EFF8FFEACF9EDFCA65364" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/168810/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" targetBox="[364,1222,867,1547]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="E65636CFAA3EFF8FFEACF9EDFCA65364" blockId="2.[264,1324,1558,1651]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis id="D49DEADDAA3EFF8FFEACF9EDFE0F5339" bold="true" box="[264,433,1558,1582]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">FIGURES 1–2</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="21E94D4CAA3EFF8FFE67F9ECFD895339" box="[451,567,1559,1582]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Caragonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="D49DEADDAA3EFF8FFE67F9ECFD895339" box="[451,567,1559,1582]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Caragonia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CFAE57A6AA3EFF8FFDE6F9EDFD145339" box="[578,682,1558,1582]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D49DEADDAA3EFF8FFDE6F9EDFD145339" bold="true" box="[578,682,1558,1582]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">gen. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
(1) Dorsal habitus of female lectotype of
<taxonomicName id="21E94D4CAA3EFF8FFB2FF9ECFECA5347" authority="Signoret" authorityName="Signoret" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Tettigonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="monstruosa" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="D49DEADDAA3EFF8FFB2FF9ECFA955339" box="[1163,1323,1559,1582]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">C. monstruosa</emphasis>
(Signoret)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CFAE57A6AA3EFF8FFED8F9C2FE495346" box="[380,503,1593,1617]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis id="D49DEADDAA3EFF8FFED8F9C2FE495346" bold="true" box="[380,503,1593,1617]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">comb. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, NHMW; (2) dorsal habitus of female paratype of
<taxonomicName id="21E94D4CAA3EFF8FFBBBF9C1FBCB5346" box="[1055,1141,1594,1617]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Caragonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bella" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="D49DEADDAA3EFF8FFBBBF9C1FBCB5346" box="[1055,1141,1594,1617]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">C. bella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CFAE57A6AA3EFF8FFBD9F9C2FB6C5347" box="[1149,1234,1593,1617]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" rank="species">
<emphasis id="D49DEADDAA3EFF8FFBD9F9C2FB725346" bold="true" box="[1149,1228,1593,1617]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">sp. nov</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, DZUP. Photographs taken under the same magnification.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="E65636CFAA3EFF8EFE9CF95DFDA454C1" blockId="2.[264,1323,1702,1889]" lastBlockId="3.[264,1323,284,1470]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis id="D49DEADDAA3EFF8FFE9CF95DFDF453D7" bold="true" box="[312,586,1702,1728]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">External morphology.</emphasis>
Crown (
<figureCitation id="7ED22A4AAA3EFF8FFD16F95CFCA753D6" box="[690,793,1703,1729]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 1 – 2" captionStart-1="FIGURES 3 – 16" captionStartId-0="2.[264,382,1558,1582]" captionStartId-1="3.[264,382,1555,1579]" captionTargetBox-0="[364,1222,867,1547]" captionTargetId-0="figure@2.[277,1336,866,1550]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionText-0="FIGURES 1 – 2, Caragonia gen. nov. (1) Dorsal habitus of female lectotype of C. monstruosa (Signoret) comb. nov., NHMW; (2) dorsal habitus of female paratype of C. bella sp. nov., DZUP. Photographs taken under the same magnification." captionText-1="FIGURES 3 – 16, Caragonia bella sp. nov. (3) Dorsal habitus of male holotype, MNRJ. Figures 4 – 9, male genitalia. (4) Pygofer, anal tube, valve, subgenital plate, style, and aedeagus, lateral view; (5) pygofer apex, caudal view; (6) aedeagus, lateral view; (7) detail of aedeagus apex, ventral view, (8) connective, style, and paraphyses, dorsal view; (9) valve and subgenital plate, ventral view. Figures 10 – 16, female genitalia. (10) Sternite VII, first valvifer, tergite VIII, pygofer, gonoplac, and anal tube, lateral view (internal sternite VIII not illustrated); (11) sternite VII, tergite VIII, and internal sternite VIII, dorsal view; (12) sternite VII, pygofer, ovipositor valvulae (bases not illustrated), and gonoplacs, ventral view; (13) base of first valvula and first valvifer, ventral view. Figs 14 – 16, second valvula, lateral view. (14) General aspect; (15) detail of apex; (16) tooth XI from base." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/168810/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Figs 1–3</figureCitation>
) slightly produced; surface finely granulose; anterior margin broadly rounded; without carina at transition from crown to face; median length of crown approximately four­tenths interocular width and three­tenths transocular width. Ocelli (
<figureCitation id="7ED22A4AAA3EFF8FFE11F8E4FDA3522E" box="[437,541,1823,1849]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 1 – 2" captionStart-1="FIGURES 3 – 16" captionStartId-0="2.[264,382,1558,1582]" captionStartId-1="3.[264,382,1555,1579]" captionTargetBox-0="[364,1222,867,1547]" captionTargetId-0="figure@2.[277,1336,866,1550]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionText-0="FIGURES 1 – 2, Caragonia gen. nov. (1) Dorsal habitus of female lectotype of C. monstruosa (Signoret) comb. nov., NHMW; (2) dorsal habitus of female paratype of C. bella sp. nov., DZUP. Photographs taken under the same magnification." captionText-1="FIGURES 3 – 16, Caragonia bella sp. nov. (3) Dorsal habitus of male holotype, MNRJ. Figures 4 – 9, male genitalia. (4) Pygofer, anal tube, valve, subgenital plate, style, and aedeagus, lateral view; (5) pygofer apex, caudal view; (6) aedeagus, lateral view; (7) detail of aedeagus apex, ventral view, (8) connective, style, and paraphyses, dorsal view; (9) valve and subgenital plate, ventral view. Figures 10 – 16, female genitalia. (10) Sternite VII, first valvifer, tergite VIII, pygofer, gonoplac, and anal tube, lateral view (internal sternite VIII not illustrated); (11) sternite VII, tergite VIII, and internal sternite VIII, dorsal view; (12) sternite VII, pygofer, ovipositor valvulae (bases not illustrated), and gonoplacs, ventral view; (13) base of first valvula and first valvifer, ventral view. Figs 14 – 16, second valvula, lateral view. (14) General aspect; (15) detail of apex; (16) tooth XI from base." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/168810/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Figs 1–3</figureCitation>
) located slightly behind imaginary transversal line between anterior eye angles; each ocellus approximately equidistant from median line of crown and adjacent eye angle. Antennal ledges slightly protuberant in dorsal view; dorsal margin oblique, not carinate, descending anteriorly in lateral view. Frons flattened; disc surface finely granulose; muscle impressions distinct. Epistomal suture incomplete along small median distance. Clypeus with contour of its inferior portion forming angle with remain­ der of face; disc setose.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E65636CFAA3FFF8EFE9CFE1FFB1C5601" blockId="3.[264,1323,284,1470]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
Pronotum (
<figureCitation id="7ED22A4AAA3FFF8EFE1FFE1FFD9C54E9" box="[443,546,484,510]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 1 – 2" captionStart-1="FIGURES 3 – 16" captionStartId-0="2.[264,382,1558,1582]" captionStartId-1="3.[264,382,1555,1579]" captionTargetBox-0="[364,1222,867,1547]" captionTargetId-0="figure@2.[277,1336,866,1550]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionText-0="FIGURES 1 – 2, Caragonia gen. nov. (1) Dorsal habitus of female lectotype of C. monstruosa (Signoret) comb. nov., NHMW; (2) dorsal habitus of female paratype of C. bella sp. nov., DZUP. Photographs taken under the same magnification." captionText-1="FIGURES 3 – 16, Caragonia bella sp. nov. (3) Dorsal habitus of male holotype, MNRJ. Figures 4 – 9, male genitalia. (4) Pygofer, anal tube, valve, subgenital plate, style, and aedeagus, lateral view; (5) pygofer apex, caudal view; (6) aedeagus, lateral view; (7) detail of aedeagus apex, ventral view, (8) connective, style, and paraphyses, dorsal view; (9) valve and subgenital plate, ventral view. Figures 10 – 16, female genitalia. (10) Sternite VII, first valvifer, tergite VIII, pygofer, gonoplac, and anal tube, lateral view (internal sternite VIII not illustrated); (11) sternite VII, tergite VIII, and internal sternite VIII, dorsal view; (12) sternite VII, pygofer, ovipositor valvulae (bases not illustrated), and gonoplacs, ventral view; (13) base of first valvula and first valvifer, ventral view. Figs 14 – 16, second valvula, lateral view. (14) General aspect; (15) detail of apex; (16) tooth XI from base." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/168810/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs 1–3</figureCitation>
) width slightly greater than transocular width of head; disc finely transversely striated; lateral margins convergent anteriorly; posterior margin very slightly concave. Mesonotum (
<figureCitation id="7ED22A4AAA3FFF8EFDB6FDCFFDC65759" box="[530,632,564,590]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 1 – 2" captionStart-1="FIGURES 3 – 16" captionStartId-0="2.[264,382,1558,1582]" captionStartId-1="3.[264,382,1555,1579]" captionTargetBox-0="[364,1222,867,1547]" captionTargetId-0="figure@2.[277,1336,866,1550]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionText-0="FIGURES 1 – 2, Caragonia gen. nov. (1) Dorsal habitus of female lectotype of C. monstruosa (Signoret) comb. nov., NHMW; (2) dorsal habitus of female paratype of C. bella sp. nov., DZUP. Photographs taken under the same magnification." captionText-1="FIGURES 3 – 16, Caragonia bella sp. nov. (3) Dorsal habitus of male holotype, MNRJ. Figures 4 – 9, male genitalia. (4) Pygofer, anal tube, valve, subgenital plate, style, and aedeagus, lateral view; (5) pygofer apex, caudal view; (6) aedeagus, lateral view; (7) detail of aedeagus apex, ventral view, (8) connective, style, and paraphyses, dorsal view; (9) valve and subgenital plate, ventral view. Figures 10 – 16, female genitalia. (10) Sternite VII, first valvifer, tergite VIII, pygofer, gonoplac, and anal tube, lateral view (internal sternite VIII not illustrated); (11) sternite VII, tergite VIII, and internal sternite VIII, dorsal view; (12) sternite VII, pygofer, ovipositor valvulae (bases not illustrated), and gonoplacs, ventral view; (13) base of first valvula and first valvifer, ventral view. Figs 14 – 16, second valvula, lateral view. (14) General aspect; (15) detail of apex; (16) tooth XI from base." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/168810/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs 1–3</figureCitation>
) smooth, finely transversely striated behind transverse sulcus. Forewings (
<figureCitation id="7ED22A4AAA3FFF8EFE6EFDA7FD8F5761" box="[458,561,604,630]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 1 – 2" captionStart-1="FIGURES 3 – 16" captionStartId-0="2.[264,382,1558,1582]" captionStartId-1="3.[264,382,1555,1579]" captionTargetBox-0="[364,1222,867,1547]" captionTargetId-0="figure@2.[277,1336,866,1550]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionText-0="FIGURES 1 – 2, Caragonia gen. nov. (1) Dorsal habitus of female lectotype of C. monstruosa (Signoret) comb. nov., NHMW; (2) dorsal habitus of female paratype of C. bella sp. nov., DZUP. Photographs taken under the same magnification." captionText-1="FIGURES 3 – 16, Caragonia bella sp. nov. (3) Dorsal habitus of male holotype, MNRJ. Figures 4 – 9, male genitalia. (4) Pygofer, anal tube, valve, subgenital plate, style, and aedeagus, lateral view; (5) pygofer apex, caudal view; (6) aedeagus, lateral view; (7) detail of aedeagus apex, ventral view, (8) connective, style, and paraphyses, dorsal view; (9) valve and subgenital plate, ventral view. Figures 10 – 16, female genitalia. (10) Sternite VII, first valvifer, tergite VIII, pygofer, gonoplac, and anal tube, lateral view (internal sternite VIII not illustrated); (11) sternite VII, tergite VIII, and internal sternite VIII, dorsal view; (12) sternite VII, pygofer, ovipositor valvulae (bases not illustrated), and gonoplacs, ventral view; (13) base of first valvula and first valvifer, ventral view. Figs 14 – 16, second valvula, lateral view. (14) General aspect; (15) detail of apex; (16) tooth XI from base." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/168810/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs 1–3</figureCitation>
) opaque and smooth; without distinct membrane; without anteapical plexus of veins; with three closed anteapical cells and five apical cells; base of third apical cell more distal than all other apical cell bases. Hindlegs with femoral apex setal formula 2:1:1; basal tarsomere approximately as long as combined length of two more distal tarsomeres; plantar surface with two parallel rows of undifferentiated setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E65636CFAA3FFF8EFE9CFCDFFBD95671" blockId="3.[264,1323,284,1470]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="D49DEADDAA3FFF8EFE9CFCDFFE785629" bold="true" box="[312,454,804,830]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Coloration.</emphasis>
Head and thorax mostly black (
<figureCitation id="7ED22A4AAA3FFF8EFCE7FCDFFC155629" box="[835,939,804,830]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 1 – 2" captionStart-1="FIGURES 3 – 16" captionStartId-0="2.[264,382,1558,1582]" captionStartId-1="3.[264,382,1555,1579]" captionTargetBox-0="[364,1222,867,1547]" captionTargetId-0="figure@2.[277,1336,866,1550]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionText-0="FIGURES 1 – 2, Caragonia gen. nov. (1) Dorsal habitus of female lectotype of C. monstruosa (Signoret) comb. nov., NHMW; (2) dorsal habitus of female paratype of C. bella sp. nov., DZUP. Photographs taken under the same magnification." captionText-1="FIGURES 3 – 16, Caragonia bella sp. nov. (3) Dorsal habitus of male holotype, MNRJ. Figures 4 – 9, male genitalia. (4) Pygofer, anal tube, valve, subgenital plate, style, and aedeagus, lateral view; (5) pygofer apex, caudal view; (6) aedeagus, lateral view; (7) detail of aedeagus apex, ventral view, (8) connective, style, and paraphyses, dorsal view; (9) valve and subgenital plate, ventral view. Figures 10 – 16, female genitalia. (10) Sternite VII, first valvifer, tergite VIII, pygofer, gonoplac, and anal tube, lateral view (internal sternite VIII not illustrated); (11) sternite VII, tergite VIII, and internal sternite VIII, dorsal view; (12) sternite VII, pygofer, ovipositor valvulae (bases not illustrated), and gonoplacs, ventral view; (13) base of first valvula and first valvifer, ventral view. Figs 14 – 16, second valvula, lateral view. (14) General aspect; (15) detail of apex; (16) tooth XI from base." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/168810/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs 1–3</figureCitation>
). Forewings (
<figureCitation id="7ED22A4AAA3FFF8EFBEBFCDFFB095629" box="[1103,1207,804,830]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 1 – 2" captionStart-1="FIGURES 3 – 16" captionStartId-0="2.[264,382,1558,1582]" captionStartId-1="3.[264,382,1555,1579]" captionTargetBox-0="[364,1222,867,1547]" captionTargetId-0="figure@2.[277,1336,866,1550]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionText-0="FIGURES 1 – 2, Caragonia gen. nov. (1) Dorsal habitus of female lectotype of C. monstruosa (Signoret) comb. nov., NHMW; (2) dorsal habitus of female paratype of C. bella sp. nov., DZUP. Photographs taken under the same magnification." captionText-1="FIGURES 3 – 16, Caragonia bella sp. nov. (3) Dorsal habitus of male holotype, MNRJ. Figures 4 – 9, male genitalia. (4) Pygofer, anal tube, valve, subgenital plate, style, and aedeagus, lateral view; (5) pygofer apex, caudal view; (6) aedeagus, lateral view; (7) detail of aedeagus apex, ventral view, (8) connective, style, and paraphyses, dorsal view; (9) valve and subgenital plate, ventral view. Figures 10 – 16, female genitalia. (10) Sternite VII, first valvifer, tergite VIII, pygofer, gonoplac, and anal tube, lateral view (internal sternite VIII not illustrated); (11) sternite VII, tergite VIII, and internal sternite VIII, dorsal view; (12) sternite VII, pygofer, ovipositor valvulae (bases not illustrated), and gonoplacs, ventral view; (13) base of first valvula and first valvifer, ventral view. Figs 14 – 16, second valvula, lateral view. (14) General aspect; (15) detail of apex; (16) tooth XI from base." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/168810/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs 1–3</figureCitation>
) red with maculae on corium and clavus and large apical area, dark brown to black.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="AEF36544AA3FFF8EFE9CFC8FFE0250A9" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="description">
<paragraph id="E65636CFAA3FFF8EFE9CFC8FFDCD56A1" blockId="3.[264,1323,284,1470]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="D49DEADDAA3FFF8EFE9CFC8FFE4C5699" bold="true" box="[312,498,884,910]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Male genitalia.</emphasis>
Male of
<taxonomicName id="21E94D4CAA3FFF8EFDFAFC8FFC535699" authority="Signoret" authorityName="Signoret" box="[606,1005,884,910]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Caragonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="monstruosa" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="D49DEADDAA3FFF8EFDFAFC8FFCD0569A" box="[606,878,884,909]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Caragonia monstruosa</emphasis>
(Signoret)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CFAE57A6AA3FFF8EFC51FC8FFBC25699" box="[1013,1148,884,910]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="D49DEADDAA3FFF8EFC51FC8FFBC25699" bold="true" box="[1013,1148,884,910]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">comb. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
unknown. See description of
<taxonomicName id="21E94D4CAA3FFF8EFE15FC67FDB156A2" box="[433,527,924,949]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Caragonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bella" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="D49DEADDAA3FFF8EFE15FC67FDB156A2" box="[433,527,924,949]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">C. bella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="D49DEADDAA3FFF8EFDB1FC67FDCD56A1" bold="true" box="[533,627,924,950]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CFAE57A6AA3FFF8EFDB1FC67FDCD56A1" box="[533,627,924,950]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E65636CFAA3FFF8EFE9CFC3FFE0250A9" blockId="3.[264,1323,284,1470]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="D49DEADDAA3FFF8EFE9CFC3FFDB356C9" bold="true" box="[312,525,964,990]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Female genitalia.</emphasis>
Abdominal sternite VII (
<figureCitation id="7ED22A4AAA3FFF8EFC92FC3FFC2C56C9" box="[822,914,964,990]" captionStart="FIGURES 3 – 16" captionStartId="3.[264,382,1555,1579]" captionText="FIGURES 3 – 16, Caragonia bella sp. nov. (3) Dorsal habitus of male holotype, MNRJ. Figures 4 – 9, male genitalia. (4) Pygofer, anal tube, valve, subgenital plate, style, and aedeagus, lateral view; (5) pygofer apex, caudal view; (6) aedeagus, lateral view; (7) detail of aedeagus apex, ventral view, (8) connective, style, and paraphyses, dorsal view; (9) valve and subgenital plate, ventral view. Figures 10 – 16, female genitalia. (10) Sternite VII, first valvifer, tergite VIII, pygofer, gonoplac, and anal tube, lateral view (internal sternite VIII not illustrated); (11) sternite VII, tergite VIII, and internal sternite VIII, dorsal view; (12) sternite VII, pygofer, ovipositor valvulae (bases not illustrated), and gonoplacs, ventral view; (13) base of first valvula and first valvifer, ventral view. Figs 14 – 16, second valvula, lateral view. (14) General aspect; (15) detail of apex; (16) tooth XI from base." pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs 12</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="7ED22A4AAA3FFF8EFC3AFC3FFC0256C9" box="[926,956,964,990]" captionStart="FIGURES 17 – 20" captionStartId="5.[264,382,955,979]" captionTargetBox="[330,1270,333,925]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[273,1332,309,946]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 17 – 20, Caragonia monstruosa (Signoret) comb. nov., female genitalia. (17) Sternite VII, first valvifer, tergite VIII, pygofer, gonoplac, and anal tube, lateral view (internal sternite VIII not illustrated); (18) sternite VII, tergite VIII, and internal sternite VIII, dorsal view; (19) sternite VII, pygofer, ovipositor valvulae (bases not illustrated), and gonoplacs, ventral view; (20) base of first valvula and first valvifer, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/156541/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">19</figureCitation>
) with median longitudinal fold extending almost throughout disc length; posterior margin with narrow concavity; lateral margins well produced posteriorly. First valvulae of ovipositor in ventral view with anterior margin of bases straight (
<figureCitation id="7ED22A4AAA3FFF8EFDC6FBC7FD065141" box="[610,696,1084,1110]" captionStart="FIGURES 17 – 20" captionStartId="5.[264,382,955,979]" captionTargetBox="[330,1270,333,925]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[273,1332,309,946]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 17 – 20, Caragonia monstruosa (Signoret) comb. nov., female genitalia. (17) Sternite VII, first valvifer, tergite VIII, pygofer, gonoplac, and anal tube, lateral view (internal sternite VIII not illustrated); (18) sternite VII, tergite VIII, and internal sternite VIII, dorsal view; (19) sternite VII, pygofer, ovipositor valvulae (bases not illustrated), and gonoplacs, ventral view; (20) base of first valvula and first valvifer, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/156541/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
) or with median concavity (
<figureCitation id="7ED22A4AAA3FFF8EFBA6FBC7FBE75141" box="[1026,1113,1084,1110]" captionStart="FIGURES 3 – 16" captionStartId="3.[264,382,1555,1579]" captionText="FIGURES 3 – 16, Caragonia bella sp. nov. (3) Dorsal habitus of male holotype, MNRJ. Figures 4 – 9, male genitalia. (4) Pygofer, anal tube, valve, subgenital plate, style, and aedeagus, lateral view; (5) pygofer apex, caudal view; (6) aedeagus, lateral view; (7) detail of aedeagus apex, ventral view, (8) connective, style, and paraphyses, dorsal view; (9) valve and subgenital plate, ventral view. Figures 10 – 16, female genitalia. (10) Sternite VII, first valvifer, tergite VIII, pygofer, gonoplac, and anal tube, lateral view (internal sternite VIII not illustrated); (11) sternite VII, tergite VIII, and internal sternite VIII, dorsal view; (12) sternite VII, pygofer, ovipositor valvulae (bases not illustrated), and gonoplacs, ventral view; (13) base of first valvula and first valvifer, ventral view. Figs 14 – 16, second valvula, lateral view. (14) General aspect; (15) detail of apex; (16) tooth XI from base." pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
). Internal abdominal sternite VIII (
<figureCitation id="7ED22A4AAA3FFF8EFE78FB9FFD885169" box="[476,566,1124,1150]" captionStart="FIGURES 3 – 16" captionStartId="3.[264,382,1555,1579]" captionText="FIGURES 3 – 16, Caragonia bella sp. nov. (3) Dorsal habitus of male holotype, MNRJ. Figures 4 – 9, male genitalia. (4) Pygofer, anal tube, valve, subgenital plate, style, and aedeagus, lateral view; (5) pygofer apex, caudal view; (6) aedeagus, lateral view; (7) detail of aedeagus apex, ventral view, (8) connective, style, and paraphyses, dorsal view; (9) valve and subgenital plate, ventral view. Figures 10 – 16, female genitalia. (10) Sternite VII, first valvifer, tergite VIII, pygofer, gonoplac, and anal tube, lateral view (internal sternite VIII not illustrated); (11) sternite VII, tergite VIII, and internal sternite VIII, dorsal view; (12) sternite VII, pygofer, ovipositor valvulae (bases not illustrated), and gonoplacs, ventral view; (13) base of first valvula and first valvifer, ventral view. Figs 14 – 16, second valvula, lateral view. (14) General aspect; (15) detail of apex; (16) tooth XI from base." pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs 11</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="7ED22A4AAA3FFF8EFDE0FB9FFDDC5169" box="[580,610,1124,1150]" captionStart="FIGURES 17 – 20" captionStartId="5.[264,382,955,979]" captionTargetBox="[330,1270,333,925]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[273,1332,309,946]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 17 – 20, Caragonia monstruosa (Signoret) comb. nov., female genitalia. (17) Sternite VII, first valvifer, tergite VIII, pygofer, gonoplac, and anal tube, lateral view (internal sternite VIII not illustrated); (18) sternite VII, tergite VIII, and internal sternite VIII, dorsal view; (19) sternite VII, pygofer, ovipositor valvulae (bases not illustrated), and gonoplacs, ventral view; (20) base of first valvula and first valvifer, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/156541/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">18</figureCitation>
) in dorsal view sclerotized, forming single transversal plate; posterior margin broadly concave. Pygofer (
<figureCitation id="7ED22A4AAA3FFF8EFCB6FB77FCD151B1" box="[786,879,1164,1190]" captionStart="FIGURES 3 – 16" captionStartId="3.[264,382,1555,1579]" captionText="FIGURES 3 – 16, Caragonia bella sp. nov. (3) Dorsal habitus of male holotype, MNRJ. Figures 4 – 9, male genitalia. (4) Pygofer, anal tube, valve, subgenital plate, style, and aedeagus, lateral view; (5) pygofer apex, caudal view; (6) aedeagus, lateral view; (7) detail of aedeagus apex, ventral view, (8) connective, style, and paraphyses, dorsal view; (9) valve and subgenital plate, ventral view. Figures 10 – 16, female genitalia. (10) Sternite VII, first valvifer, tergite VIII, pygofer, gonoplac, and anal tube, lateral view (internal sternite VIII not illustrated); (11) sternite VII, tergite VIII, and internal sternite VIII, dorsal view; (12) sternite VII, pygofer, ovipositor valvulae (bases not illustrated), and gonoplacs, ventral view; (13) base of first valvula and first valvifer, ventral view. Figs 14 – 16, second valvula, lateral view. (14) General aspect; (15) detail of apex; (16) tooth XI from base." pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs 10</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="7ED22A4AAA3FFF8EFCD8FB77FC2451B1" box="[892,922,1164,1190]" captionStart="FIGURES 17 – 20" captionStartId="5.[264,382,955,979]" captionTargetBox="[330,1270,333,925]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[273,1332,309,946]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 17 – 20, Caragonia monstruosa (Signoret) comb. nov., female genitalia. (17) Sternite VII, first valvifer, tergite VIII, pygofer, gonoplac, and anal tube, lateral view (internal sternite VIII not illustrated); (18) sternite VII, tergite VIII, and internal sternite VIII, dorsal view; (19) sternite VII, pygofer, ovipositor valvulae (bases not illustrated), and gonoplacs, ventral view; (20) base of first valvula and first valvifer, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/156541/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">17</figureCitation>
) in lateral view only slightly produced posteriorly; posterior margin round; macrosetae distributed on posterior half. Second valvulae of ovipositor (
<figureCitation id="7ED22A4AAA3FFF8EFDFCFB27FD1151E1" box="[600,687,1244,1270]" captionStart="FIGURES 3 – 16" captionStartId="3.[264,382,1555,1579]" captionText="FIGURES 3 – 16, Caragonia bella sp. nov. (3) Dorsal habitus of male holotype, MNRJ. Figures 4 – 9, male genitalia. (4) Pygofer, anal tube, valve, subgenital plate, style, and aedeagus, lateral view; (5) pygofer apex, caudal view; (6) aedeagus, lateral view; (7) detail of aedeagus apex, ventral view, (8) connective, style, and paraphyses, dorsal view; (9) valve and subgenital plate, ventral view. Figures 10 – 16, female genitalia. (10) Sternite VII, first valvifer, tergite VIII, pygofer, gonoplac, and anal tube, lateral view (internal sternite VIII not illustrated); (11) sternite VII, tergite VIII, and internal sternite VIII, dorsal view; (12) sternite VII, pygofer, ovipositor valvulae (bases not illustrated), and gonoplacs, ventral view; (13) base of first valvula and first valvifer, ventral view. Figs 14 – 16, second valvula, lateral view. (14) General aspect; (15) detail of apex; (16) tooth XI from base." pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
) in lateral view broadened beyond one­third of total length excluding basal curvature; slightly tapering to apex; shaft bearing 20–24 continuous teeth throughout broadened portion; teeth elongate (
<figureCitation id="7ED22A4AAA3FFF8EFCD0FAD7FC735051" box="[884,973,1324,1350]" captionStart="FIGURES 3 – 16" captionStartId="3.[264,382,1555,1579]" captionText="FIGURES 3 – 16, Caragonia bella sp. nov. (3) Dorsal habitus of male holotype, MNRJ. Figures 4 – 9, male genitalia. (4) Pygofer, anal tube, valve, subgenital plate, style, and aedeagus, lateral view; (5) pygofer apex, caudal view; (6) aedeagus, lateral view; (7) detail of aedeagus apex, ventral view, (8) connective, style, and paraphyses, dorsal view; (9) valve and subgenital plate, ventral view. Figures 10 – 16, female genitalia. (10) Sternite VII, first valvifer, tergite VIII, pygofer, gonoplac, and anal tube, lateral view (internal sternite VIII not illustrated); (11) sternite VII, tergite VIII, and internal sternite VIII, dorsal view; (12) sternite VII, pygofer, ovipositor valvulae (bases not illustrated), and gonoplacs, ventral view; (13) base of first valvula and first valvifer, ventral view. Figs 14 – 16, second valvula, lateral view. (14) General aspect; (15) detail of apex; (16) tooth XI from base." pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
), regularly declivous posteriorly, with denticles along dorsal margin; preapical area of shaft (
<figureCitation id="7ED22A4AAA3FFF8EFBAFFAAFFBDF5079" box="[1035,1121,1364,1390]" captionStart="FIGURES 3 – 16" captionStartId="3.[264,382,1555,1579]" captionText="FIGURES 3 – 16, Caragonia bella sp. nov. (3) Dorsal habitus of male holotype, MNRJ. Figures 4 – 9, male genitalia. (4) Pygofer, anal tube, valve, subgenital plate, style, and aedeagus, lateral view; (5) pygofer apex, caudal view; (6) aedeagus, lateral view; (7) detail of aedeagus apex, ventral view, (8) connective, style, and paraphyses, dorsal view; (9) valve and subgenital plate, ventral view. Figures 10 – 16, female genitalia. (10) Sternite VII, first valvifer, tergite VIII, pygofer, gonoplac, and anal tube, lateral view (internal sternite VIII not illustrated); (11) sternite VII, tergite VIII, and internal sternite VIII, dorsal view; (12) sternite VII, pygofer, ovipositor valvulae (bases not illustrated), and gonoplacs, ventral view; (13) base of first valvula and first valvifer, ventral view. Figs 14 – 16, second valvula, lateral view. (14) General aspect; (15) detail of apex; (16) tooth XI from base." pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
) with dorsal and ventral margins bearing denticles, with prominence slightly distinct; apex of shaft narrowly rounded.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="B2966647AA3FFF8EFEACF9E8FE805274" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<paragraph id="E65636CFAA3FFF8EFEACF9E8FE805274" blockId="3.[264,1323,1555,1891]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="D49DEADDAA3FFF8EFEACF9E8FE05533C" bold="true" box="[264,443,1555,1579]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">FIGURES 3–16</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="21E94D4CAA3FFF8EFE6CF9EFFDC9533C" box="[456,631,1556,1579]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Caragonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bella" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="D49DEADDAA3FFF8EFE6CF9EFFDC9533C" box="[456,631,1556,1579]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Caragonia bella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CFAE57A6AA3FFF8EFDDAF9E8FD6A533C" box="[638,724,1555,1579]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rank="species">
<emphasis id="D49DEADDAA3FFF8EFDDAF9E8FD6A533C" bold="true" box="[638,724,1555,1579]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
(3) Dorsal habitus of male holotype, MNRJ. Figures 4– 9, male genitalia. (4) Pygofer, anal tube, valve, subgenital plate, style, and aedeagus, lateral view; (5) pygofer apex, caudal view; (6) aedeagus, lateral view; (7) detail of aedeagus apex, ventral view, (8) connective, style, and paraphyses, dorsal view; (9) valve and subgenital plate, ventral view. Figures 10–16, female genitalia. (10) Sternite VII, first valvifer, tergite VIII, pygofer, gonoplac, and anal tube, lateral view (internal sternite VIII not illustrated); (11) sternite VII, tergite VIII, and internal sternite VIII, dorsal view; (12) sternite VII, pygofer, ovipositor valvulae (bases not illustrated), and gonoplacs, ventral view; (13) base of first valvula and first valvifer, ventral view. Figs 14–16, second valvula, lateral view. (14) General aspect; (15) detail of apex; (16) tooth XI from base.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="B2966647AA39FF88FEACFC40FD695149" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/156541/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" targetBox="[330,1270,333,925]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="E65636CFAA39FF88FEACFC40FD695149" blockId="5.[264,1323,955,1118]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="D49DEADDAA39FF88FEACFC40FE7456C4" bold="true" box="[264,458,955,979]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">FIGURES 17–20</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="21E94D4CAA39FF88FE78FC47FCF556C4" authority="Signoret" authorityName="Signoret" box="[476,843,956,979]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Caragonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="monstruosa" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="D49DEADDAA39FF88FE78FC47FD6856C4" box="[476,726,956,979]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Caragonia monstruosa</emphasis>
(Signoret)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CFAE57A6AA39FF88FCF1FC40FC6D56C4" box="[853,979,955,979]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="D49DEADDAA39FF88FCF1FC40FC6D56C4" bold="true" box="[853,979,955,979]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">comb. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, female genitalia. (17) Sternite VII, first valvifer, tergite VIII, pygofer, gonoplac, and anal tube, lateral view (internal sternite VIII not illustrated); (18) sternite VII, tergite VIII, and internal sternite VIII, dorsal view; (19) sternite VII, pygofer, ovipositor valvulae (bases not illustrated), and gonoplacs, ventral view; (20) base of first valvula and first valvifer, ventral view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="AEF36544AA39FF8BFE9CFB42FE0056A1" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="E65636CFAA39FF88FE9CFB42FE4F50D3" blockId="5.[264,1323,1209,1876]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="D49DEADDAA39FF88FE9CFB42FE6651C4" bold="true" box="[312,472,1209,1235]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Distribution.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="21E94D4CAA39FF88FE41FB42FDDA51C5" box="[485,612,1209,1234]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Caragonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="D49DEADDAA39FF88FE41FB42FDDA51C5" box="[485,612,1209,1234]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Caragonia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CFAE57A6AA39FF88FDD5FB42FD5A51C4" box="[625,740,1209,1235]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D49DEADDAA39FF88FDD5FB42FD5A51C4" bold="true" box="[625,740,1209,1235]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">gen. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
is apparently restricted to Southeastern
<collectingCountry id="9EFE765FAA39FF88FB78FB42FA9951C4" box="[1244,1319,1209,1235]" name="Brazil" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Brazil</collectingCountry>
. Although the labels of the two females of
<taxonomicName id="21E94D4CAA39FF88FD54FB19FC2551EC" box="[752,923,1250,1275]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Caragonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="monstruosa" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="D49DEADDAA39FF88FD54FB19FC2551EC" box="[752,923,1250,1275]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">C. monstruosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CFAE57A6AA39FF88FC05FB1AFB9951EC" box="[929,1063,1249,1275]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="D49DEADDAA39FF88FC05FB1AFB9951EC" bold="true" box="[929,1063,1249,1275]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">comb. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
determined by Signoret (including the
<typeStatus id="3952886DAA39FF88FE4FFAF1FDE55033" box="[491,603,1290,1316]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
), deposited at the NHMW, state no more than “
<collectingCountry id="9EFE765FAA39FF88FB1DFAF1FAA25033" box="[1209,1308,1290,1316]" name="Brazil" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Brasilia</collectingCountry>
,”
<bibRefCitation id="82784B3EAA39FF88FEACFAC9FE7D505B" author="Signoret" box="[264,451,1330,1356]" pageId="5" pageNumber="10" refString="Signoret, V. (1853) Revue iconographique des Tettigonides. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France, 1, 323 - 374." type="journal article" year="1853">Signoret (1853)</bibRefCitation>
cited “Capitainerie de Saint­Paul” as the type­locality, considered herein as São Paulo State. The distribution of
<taxonomicName id="21E94D4CAA39FF88FD40FAA1FCDD5064" box="[740,867,1370,1395]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Caragonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D49DEADDAA39FF88FD40FAA1FCDD5064" box="[740,867,1370,1395]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Caragonia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is in agreement with that of its sister genus
<taxonomicName id="21E94D4CAA39FF88FEF1FA79FE09508C" box="[341,439,1410,1435]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Balacha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D49DEADDAA39FF88FEF1FA79FE09508C" box="[341,439,1410,1435]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Balacha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which is most probably restricted to southern South
<collectingCountry id="9EFE765FAA39FF88FB91FA79FB24508B" box="[1077,1178,1410,1436]" name="United States of America" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">America</collectingCountry>
(see
<bibRefCitation id="82784B3EAA39FF88FB7EFA79FE5B50D3" author="Takiya" pageId="5" pageNumber="10" refString="Takiya, D. M. &amp; Mejdalani, G. (2004) Taxonomic revision and phylogenetic analysis of the genus Balacha Melichar (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Cicadellini). Systematic Entomology, in press." type="book" year="2004">Takiya &amp; Mejdalani 2004</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E65636CFAA39FF8BFE9CFA2AFCB05449" blockId="5.[264,1323,1209,1876]" lastBlockId="6.[264,1323,284,1670]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="D49DEADDAA39FF88FE9CFA2AFDB050FC" bold="true" box="[312,526,1489,1515]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Systematic notes.</emphasis>
The genus
<taxonomicName id="21E94D4CAA39FF88FD32FA29FCAB50FC" box="[662,789,1490,1515]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Caragonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D49DEADDAA39FF88FD32FA29FCAB50FC" box="[662,789,1490,1515]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Caragonia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is most closely related to
<taxonomicName id="21E94D4CAA39FF88FBE3FA29FB1750FC" box="[1095,1193,1490,1515]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Balacha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D49DEADDAA39FF88FBE3FA29FB1750FC" box="[1095,1193,1490,1515]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Balacha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and shares with it unambiguous synapomorphies (
<bibRefCitation id="82784B3EAA39FF88FD7FFA01FE85532C" author="Takiya" pageId="5" pageNumber="10" refString="Takiya, D. M. &amp; Mejdalani, G. (2004) Taxonomic revision and phylogenetic analysis of the genus Balacha Melichar (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Cicadellini). Systematic Entomology, in press." type="book" year="2004">
Takiya &amp; Mejdalani 2004, based on
<taxonomicName id="21E94D4CAA39FF88FB39FA01FB435304" box="[1181,1277,1530,1555]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Caragonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bella" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="D49DEADDAA39FF88FB39FA01FB435304" box="[1181,1277,1530,1555]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">C. bella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CFAE57A6AA39FF88FAA3FA02FE85532C" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="species">
<emphasis id="D49DEADDAA39FF88FAA3FA02FE85532C" bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
</bibRefCitation>
), such as: (1) male subgenital plates robust with apex broadly rounded, (2) aedeagus apex with pair of processes, and (3) female sternite VII with median longitudinal fold. On the other hand, the new genus can be easily distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="21E94D4CAA39FF88FC52F989FBE6539C" box="[1014,1112,1650,1675]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Balacha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D49DEADDAA39FF88FC52F989FBE6539C" box="[1014,1112,1650,1675]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Balacha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by putative synapomorphies given below and the following plesiomorphic traits shared with
<taxonomicName id="21E94D4CAA39FF88FB31F961FA9553A4" box="[1173,1323,1690,1715]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Caragonalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D49DEADDAA39FF88FB31F961FA9553A4" box="[1173,1323,1690,1715]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Caragonalia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="21E94D4CAA39FF88FE9FF939FE0453CC" box="[315,442,1730,1755]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Pegogonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D49DEADDAA39FF88FE9FF939FE0453CC" box="[315,442,1730,1755]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Pegogonia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: (1) the slightly produced crown with anterior margin broadly round (
<figureCitation id="7ED22A4AAA39FF88FB53F939FE8A5213" captionStart-0="FIGURES 1 – 2" captionStart-1="FIGURES 3 – 16" captionStartId-0="2.[264,382,1558,1582]" captionStartId-1="3.[264,382,1555,1579]" captionTargetBox-0="[364,1222,867,1547]" captionTargetId-0="figure@2.[277,1336,866,1550]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionText-0="FIGURES 1 – 2, Caragonia gen. nov. (1) Dorsal habitus of female lectotype of C. monstruosa (Signoret) comb. nov., NHMW; (2) dorsal habitus of female paratype of C. bella sp. nov., DZUP. Photographs taken under the same magnification." captionText-1="FIGURES 3 – 16, Caragonia bella sp. nov. (3) Dorsal habitus of male holotype, MNRJ. Figures 4 – 9, male genitalia. (4) Pygofer, anal tube, valve, subgenital plate, style, and aedeagus, lateral view; (5) pygofer apex, caudal view; (6) aedeagus, lateral view; (7) detail of aedeagus apex, ventral view, (8) connective, style, and paraphyses, dorsal view; (9) valve and subgenital plate, ventral view. Figures 10 – 16, female genitalia. (10) Sternite VII, first valvifer, tergite VIII, pygofer, gonoplac, and anal tube, lateral view (internal sternite VIII not illustrated); (11) sternite VII, tergite VIII, and internal sternite VIII, dorsal view; (12) sternite VII, pygofer, ovipositor valvulae (bases not illustrated), and gonoplacs, ventral view; (13) base of first valvula and first valvifer, ventral view. Figs 14 – 16, second valvula, lateral view. (14) General aspect; (15) detail of apex; (16) tooth XI from base." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/168810/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Figs 1–3</figureCitation>
), (2) transition crown­face forming an approximately right angle, (3) posteriorly elevated pronotum, and (4) teeth of second valvulae of ovipositor gradually declivous posteriorly (
<figureCitation id="7ED22A4AAA39FF88FEE8F8C1FE165243" box="[332,424,1850,1876]" captionStart="FIGURES 3 – 16" captionStartId="3.[264,382,1555,1579]" captionText="FIGURES 3 – 16, Caragonia bella sp. nov. (3) Dorsal habitus of male holotype, MNRJ. Figures 4 – 9, male genitalia. (4) Pygofer, anal tube, valve, subgenital plate, style, and aedeagus, lateral view; (5) pygofer apex, caudal view; (6) aedeagus, lateral view; (7) detail of aedeagus apex, ventral view, (8) connective, style, and paraphyses, dorsal view; (9) valve and subgenital plate, ventral view. Figures 10 – 16, female genitalia. (10) Sternite VII, first valvifer, tergite VIII, pygofer, gonoplac, and anal tube, lateral view (internal sternite VIII not illustrated); (11) sternite VII, tergite VIII, and internal sternite VIII, dorsal view; (12) sternite VII, pygofer, ovipositor valvulae (bases not illustrated), and gonoplacs, ventral view; (13) base of first valvula and first valvifer, ventral view. Figs 14 – 16, second valvula, lateral view. (14) General aspect; (15) detail of apex; (16) tooth XI from base." pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="21E94D4CAA39FF88FE60F8C1FDFD5244" box="[452,579,1850,1875]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Caragonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D49DEADDAA39FF88FE60F8C1FDFD5244" box="[452,579,1850,1875]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Caragonia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can also be distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="21E94D4CAA39FF88FC72F8C1FB865244" box="[982,1080,1850,1875]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Balacha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D49DEADDAA39FF88FC72F8C1FB865244" box="[982,1080,1850,1875]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Balacha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
based on the latter association with the plant genus
<taxonomicName id="21E94D4CAA3AFF8BFD23FEE7FD455422" box="[647,763,284,309]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apiaceae" genus="Eryngium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Apiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D49DEADDAA3AFF8BFD23FEE7FD455422" box="[647,763,284,309]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Eryngium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
L. (
<taxonomicName id="21E94D4CAA3AFF8BFC8FFEE7FC205421" box="[811,926,284,310]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apiaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Apiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Apiaceae</taxonomicName>
), with which
<taxonomicName id="21E94D4CAA3AFF8BFB98FEE7FB055422" box="[1084,1211,284,309]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Caragonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D49DEADDAA3AFF8BFB98FEE7FB055422" box="[1084,1211,284,309]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Caragonia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is probably not associated (see habitat notes below).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E65636CFAA3AFF8BFE9CFE97FE0056A1" blockId="6.[264,1323,284,1670]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
Putative unambiguous synapomorphies of the new genus
<taxonomicName id="21E94D4CAA3AFF8BFC73FE97FBE85492" box="[983,1110,364,389]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Caragonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D49DEADDAA3AFF8BFC73FE97FBE85492" box="[983,1110,364,389]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Caragonia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, based on autapomorphies of
<taxonomicName id="21E94D4CAA3AFF8BFE38FE6FFE4754BA" box="[412,505,404,429]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Caragonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bella" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="D49DEADDAA3AFF8BFE38FE6FFE4754BA" box="[412,505,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C. bella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CFAE57A6AA3AFF8BFDA4FE68FDE354BA" box="[512,605,403,429]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" rank="species">
<emphasis id="D49DEADDAA3AFF8BFDA4FE68FDE354BA" bold="true" box="[512,605,403,429]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, are as follows: (1) pronotum wider than head (
<figureCitation id="7ED22A4AAA3AFF8BFB2EFE6FFB4F54B9" box="[1162,1265,404,430]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 1 – 2" captionStart-1="FIGURES 3 – 16" captionStartId-0="2.[264,382,1558,1582]" captionStartId-1="3.[264,382,1555,1579]" captionTargetBox-0="[364,1222,867,1547]" captionTargetId-0="figure@2.[277,1336,866,1550]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionText-0="FIGURES 1 – 2, Caragonia gen. nov. (1) Dorsal habitus of female lectotype of C. monstruosa (Signoret) comb. nov., NHMW; (2) dorsal habitus of female paratype of C. bella sp. nov., DZUP. Photographs taken under the same magnification." captionText-1="FIGURES 3 – 16, Caragonia bella sp. nov. (3) Dorsal habitus of male holotype, MNRJ. Figures 4 – 9, male genitalia. (4) Pygofer, anal tube, valve, subgenital plate, style, and aedeagus, lateral view; (5) pygofer apex, caudal view; (6) aedeagus, lateral view; (7) detail of aedeagus apex, ventral view, (8) connective, style, and paraphyses, dorsal view; (9) valve and subgenital plate, ventral view. Figures 10 – 16, female genitalia. (10) Sternite VII, first valvifer, tergite VIII, pygofer, gonoplac, and anal tube, lateral view (internal sternite VIII not illustrated); (11) sternite VII, tergite VIII, and internal sternite VIII, dorsal view; (12) sternite VII, pygofer, ovipositor valvulae (bases not illustrated), and gonoplacs, ventral view; (13) base of first valvula and first valvifer, ventral view. Figs 14 – 16, second valvula, lateral view. (14) General aspect; (15) detail of apex; (16) tooth XI from base." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/168810/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Figs 1–3</figureCitation>
), (2) forewing clavus with jugal margin bordered with dark brown or black (
<figureCitation id="7ED22A4AAA3AFF8BFBE6FE47FB1754C1" box="[1090,1193,444,470]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 1 – 2" captionStart-1="FIGURES 3 – 16" captionStartId-0="2.[264,382,1558,1582]" captionStartId-1="3.[264,382,1555,1579]" captionTargetBox-0="[364,1222,867,1547]" captionTargetId-0="figure@2.[277,1336,866,1550]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionText-0="FIGURES 1 – 2, Caragonia gen. nov. (1) Dorsal habitus of female lectotype of C. monstruosa (Signoret) comb. nov., NHMW; (2) dorsal habitus of female paratype of C. bella sp. nov., DZUP. Photographs taken under the same magnification." captionText-1="FIGURES 3 – 16, Caragonia bella sp. nov. (3) Dorsal habitus of male holotype, MNRJ. Figures 4 – 9, male genitalia. (4) Pygofer, anal tube, valve, subgenital plate, style, and aedeagus, lateral view; (5) pygofer apex, caudal view; (6) aedeagus, lateral view; (7) detail of aedeagus apex, ventral view, (8) connective, style, and paraphyses, dorsal view; (9) valve and subgenital plate, ventral view. Figures 10 – 16, female genitalia. (10) Sternite VII, first valvifer, tergite VIII, pygofer, gonoplac, and anal tube, lateral view (internal sternite VIII not illustrated); (11) sternite VII, tergite VIII, and internal sternite VIII, dorsal view; (12) sternite VII, pygofer, ovipositor valvulae (bases not illustrated), and gonoplacs, ventral view; (13) base of first valvula and first valvifer, ventral view. Figs 14 – 16, second valvula, lateral view. (14) General aspect; (15) detail of apex; (16) tooth XI from base." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/168810/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Figs 1–3</figureCitation>
), (3) styles with acute apices (
<figureCitation id="7ED22A4AAA3AFF8BFE46FE1FFD9654E9" box="[482,552,484,510]" captionStart="FIGURES 3 – 16" captionStartId="3.[264,382,1555,1579]" captionText="FIGURES 3 – 16, Caragonia bella sp. nov. (3) Dorsal habitus of male holotype, MNRJ. Figures 4 – 9, male genitalia. (4) Pygofer, anal tube, valve, subgenital plate, style, and aedeagus, lateral view; (5) pygofer apex, caudal view; (6) aedeagus, lateral view; (7) detail of aedeagus apex, ventral view, (8) connective, style, and paraphyses, dorsal view; (9) valve and subgenital plate, ventral view. Figures 10 – 16, female genitalia. (10) Sternite VII, first valvifer, tergite VIII, pygofer, gonoplac, and anal tube, lateral view (internal sternite VIII not illustrated); (11) sternite VII, tergite VIII, and internal sternite VIII, dorsal view; (12) sternite VII, pygofer, ovipositor valvulae (bases not illustrated), and gonoplacs, ventral view; (13) base of first valvula and first valvifer, ventral view. Figs 14 – 16, second valvula, lateral view. (14) General aspect; (15) detail of apex; (16) tooth XI from base." pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
), and (4) aedeagus with cuticular dentiform sculpturing on lateral preapical area (
<figureCitation id="7ED22A4AAA3AFF8BFE18FDF7FD9A5731" box="[444,548,524,550]" captionStart="FIGURES 3 – 16" captionStartId="3.[264,382,1555,1579]" captionText="FIGURES 3 – 16, Caragonia bella sp. nov. (3) Dorsal habitus of male holotype, MNRJ. Figures 4 – 9, male genitalia. (4) Pygofer, anal tube, valve, subgenital plate, style, and aedeagus, lateral view; (5) pygofer apex, caudal view; (6) aedeagus, lateral view; (7) detail of aedeagus apex, ventral view, (8) connective, style, and paraphyses, dorsal view; (9) valve and subgenital plate, ventral view. Figures 10 – 16, female genitalia. (10) Sternite VII, first valvifer, tergite VIII, pygofer, gonoplac, and anal tube, lateral view (internal sternite VIII not illustrated); (11) sternite VII, tergite VIII, and internal sternite VIII, dorsal view; (12) sternite VII, pygofer, ovipositor valvulae (bases not illustrated), and gonoplacs, ventral view; (13) base of first valvula and first valvifer, ventral view. Figs 14 – 16, second valvula, lateral view. (14) General aspect; (15) detail of apex; (16) tooth XI from base." pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Figs 6–7</figureCitation>
). Although these character states (henceforth referred to as “characters” for convenience) were recovered as autapomorphies in the phylogenetic analysis of
<bibRefCitation id="82784B3EAA3AFF8BFEACFDA7FDEB5761" author="Takiya" box="[264,597,604,630]" pageId="6" pageNumber="10" refString="Takiya, D. M. &amp; Mejdalani, G. (2004) Taxonomic revision and phylogenetic analysis of the genus Balacha Melichar (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Cicadellini). Systematic Entomology, in press." type="book" year="2004">Takiya &amp; Mejdalani (2004)</bibRefCitation>
, most are shared by convergence with other cicadelline lineages. For example, character (1) is present in many other cicadellines, whereas characters (2) and (4) are more restricted, occurring as homoplastic apomorphies of
<taxonomicName id="21E94D4CAA3AFF8BFBF9FD57FE7757F9" authority="Signoret, 1854" authorityName="Signoret" authorityYear="1854" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Balacha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="distincta">
<emphasis id="D49DEADDAA3AFF8BFBF9FD57FA9557D2" box="[1117,1323,684,709]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Balacha distincta</emphasis>
(Signoret, 1854)
</taxonomicName>
+
<taxonomicName id="21E94D4CAA3AFF8BFE4DFD2FFBB857F9" authority="Cavichioli et Sakakibara, 1985" authorityName="Cavichioli et Sakakibara" authorityYear="1985" box="[489,1030,724,750]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Balacha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubripennis">
<emphasis id="D49DEADDAA3AFF8BFE4DFD2FFD2D57FA" box="[489,659,724,749]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">B. rubripennis</emphasis>
Cavichioli et Sakakibara, 1985
</taxonomicName>
and (4) also within
<taxonomicName id="21E94D4CAA3AFF8BFB57FD2FFECE5602" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Caragonalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D49DEADDAA3AFF8BFB57FD2FFECE5602" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Caragonalia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="21E94D4CAA3AFF8BFE0DFD07FCD45601" authority="Takiya &amp; Mejdalani 2004" authorityName="Takiya &amp; Mejdalani" authorityYear="2004" box="[425,874,764,790]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Pawiloma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D49DEADDAA3AFF8BFE0DFD07FD9E5602" box="[425,544,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Pawiloma</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="82784B3EAA3AFF8BFD8AFD07FCDC5601" author="Takiya" box="[558,866,764,790]" pageId="6" pageNumber="10" refString="Takiya, D. M. &amp; Mejdalani, G. (2004) Taxonomic revision and phylogenetic analysis of the genus Balacha Melichar (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Cicadellini). Systematic Entomology, in press." type="book" year="2004">Takiya &amp; Mejdalani 2004</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. Character (3) is the only unique putative synapomorphy of the genus
<taxonomicName id="21E94D4CAA3AFF8BFD12FCDFFC8B562A" box="[694,821,804,829]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Caragonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D49DEADDAA3AFF8BFD12FCDFFC8B562A" box="[694,821,804,829]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Caragonia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The characters (3) and (4) and other diagnostic characteristics of the male genitalia, such as pygofer with robust ventral processes (
<figureCitation id="7ED22A4AAA3AFF8BFEC6FC8FFE175699" box="[354,425,884,910]" captionStart="FIGURES 3 – 16" captionStartId="3.[264,382,1555,1579]" captionText="FIGURES 3 – 16, Caragonia bella sp. nov. (3) Dorsal habitus of male holotype, MNRJ. Figures 4 – 9, male genitalia. (4) Pygofer, anal tube, valve, subgenital plate, style, and aedeagus, lateral view; (5) pygofer apex, caudal view; (6) aedeagus, lateral view; (7) detail of aedeagus apex, ventral view, (8) connective, style, and paraphyses, dorsal view; (9) valve and subgenital plate, ventral view. Figures 10 – 16, female genitalia. (10) Sternite VII, first valvifer, tergite VIII, pygofer, gonoplac, and anal tube, lateral view (internal sternite VIII not illustrated); (11) sternite VII, tergite VIII, and internal sternite VIII, dorsal view; (12) sternite VII, pygofer, ovipositor valvulae (bases not illustrated), and gonoplacs, ventral view; (13) base of first valvula and first valvifer, ventral view. Figs 14 – 16, second valvula, lateral view. (14) General aspect; (15) detail of apex; (16) tooth XI from base." pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
) and aedeagus shaft elongate (
<figureCitation id="7ED22A4AAA3AFF8BFCBCFC8FFCDF5699" box="[792,865,884,910]" captionStart="FIGURES 3 – 16" captionStartId="3.[264,382,1555,1579]" captionText="FIGURES 3 – 16, Caragonia bella sp. nov. (3) Dorsal habitus of male holotype, MNRJ. Figures 4 – 9, male genitalia. (4) Pygofer, anal tube, valve, subgenital plate, style, and aedeagus, lateral view; (5) pygofer apex, caudal view; (6) aedeagus, lateral view; (7) detail of aedeagus apex, ventral view, (8) connective, style, and paraphyses, dorsal view; (9) valve and subgenital plate, ventral view. Figures 10 – 16, female genitalia. (10) Sternite VII, first valvifer, tergite VIII, pygofer, gonoplac, and anal tube, lateral view (internal sternite VIII not illustrated); (11) sternite VII, tergite VIII, and internal sternite VIII, dorsal view; (12) sternite VII, pygofer, ovipositor valvulae (bases not illustrated), and gonoplacs, ventral view; (13) base of first valvula and first valvifer, ventral view. Figs 14 – 16, second valvula, lateral view. (14) General aspect; (15) detail of apex; (16) tooth XI from base." pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
), are unknown in
<taxonomicName id="21E94D4CAA3AFF8BFB9DFC8FFE8E56A2" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Caragonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="monstruosa" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="D49DEADDAA3AFF8BFB9DFC8FFE8E56A2" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Caragonia monstruosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CFAE57A6AA3AFF8BFE9CFC67FE0056A1" box="[312,446,924,950]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis id="D49DEADDAA3AFF8BFE9CFC67FE0056A1" bold="true" box="[312,446,924,950]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">comb. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="AEF36544AA3AFF8BFE9CFC3FFC2D5391" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="E65636CFAA3AFF8BFE9CFC3FFC2D5391" blockId="6.[264,1323,284,1670]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<taxonomicName id="21E94D4CAA3AFF8BFE9CFC3FFD8056CA" ID-CoL="7BTMR" box="[312,574,964,989]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Tettigonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="monstruosa">
<emphasis id="D49DEADDAA3AFF8BFE9CFC3FFD8056CA" box="[312,574,964,989]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Tettigonia monstruosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is known only from females and was placed in the genus
<taxonomicName id="21E94D4CAA3AFF8BFB40FC3FFEDF5112" ID-CoL="8HFLJ" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Caragonalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D49DEADDAA3AFF8BFB40FC3FFEDF5112" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Caragonalia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation id="82784B3EAA3AFF8BFE2BFC17FD8E5111" author="Young" box="[399,560,1004,1030]" pageId="6" pageNumber="10" refString="Young, D. A. (1977) Taxonomic study of the Cicadellinae (Homoptera: Cicadellidae). Part 2, New World Cicadellini and the genus Cicadella. Bulletin of the North Carolina Agricultural Experiment Station, 239, Raleigh, 1135 pp." type="book" year="1977">Young (1977)</bibRefCitation>
mostly based on its external morphology and coloration. Nevertheless, the shape of the female sternite VII of
<taxonomicName id="21E94D4CAA3AFF8BFC97FBEFFC61513A" ID-CoL="7BTMR" box="[819,991,1044,1069]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Tettigonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="monstruosa">
<emphasis id="D49DEADDAA3AFF8BFC97FBEFFC61513A" box="[819,991,1044,1069]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C. monstruosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs drastically from that of other species of
<taxonomicName id="21E94D4CAA3AFF8BFE52FBC7FD325142" ID-CoL="8HFLJ" box="[502,652,1084,1109]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Caragonalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D49DEADDAA3AFF8BFE52FBC7FD325142" box="[502,652,1084,1109]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Caragonalia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, including the type­species
<taxonomicName id="21E94D4CAA3AFF8BFC40FBC7FB3C5142" ID-CoL="R23D" box="[996,1154,1084,1109]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Caragonalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carminata">
<emphasis id="D49DEADDAA3AFF8BFC40FBC7FB3C5142" box="[996,1154,1084,1109]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C. carminata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="21E94D4CAA3AFF8BFB31FBC7FA955142" ID-CoL="8HFLJ" box="[1173,1323,1084,1109]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Caragonalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D49DEADDAA3AFF8BFB31FBC7FA955142" box="[1173,1323,1084,1109]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Caragonalia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
females have a simple sternite VII with the disc surface uniformly convex (as found in the majority of
<taxonomicName id="21E94D4CAA3AFF8BFE3DFB77FD9551B1" ID-CoL="8JK3W" box="[409,555,1164,1190]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Cicadellinae">Cicadellinae</taxonomicName>
species) and with the posterior margin broadly shallowly concave.
<taxonomicName id="21E94D4CAA3AFF8BFEEAFB4FFDE851DA" ID-CoL="7BTMR" box="[334,598,1204,1229]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Tettigonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="monstruosa">
<emphasis id="D49DEADDAA3AFF8BFEEAFB4FFDE851DA" box="[334,598,1204,1229]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Tettigonia monstruosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, on the other hand, has a very complex sternite VII, with an elevated longitudinal fold, a median narrow deep concavity on posterior margin, and produced lateral margins (
<figureCitation id="7ED22A4AAA3AFF8BFDB9FAFFFDC85009" box="[541,630,1284,1310]" captionStart="FIGURES 17 – 20" captionStartId="5.[264,382,955,979]" captionTargetBox="[330,1270,333,925]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[273,1332,309,946]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 17 – 20, Caragonia monstruosa (Signoret) comb. nov., female genitalia. (17) Sternite VII, first valvifer, tergite VIII, pygofer, gonoplac, and anal tube, lateral view (internal sternite VIII not illustrated); (18) sternite VII, tergite VIII, and internal sternite VIII, dorsal view; (19) sternite VII, pygofer, ovipositor valvulae (bases not illustrated), and gonoplacs, ventral view; (20) base of first valvula and first valvifer, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/156541/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
). The complex sternite VII appears to be the structure to which
<taxonomicName id="21E94D4CAA3AFF8BFEF3FAD7FE425052" ID-CoL="7BTMR" box="[343,508,1324,1349]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Tettigonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="monstruosa">
<emphasis id="D49DEADDAA3AFF8BFEF3FAD7FE425052" box="[343,508,1324,1349]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">T. monstruosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
owes its specific epithet, as
<bibRefCitation id="82784B3EAA3AFF8BFCE3FAD7FBBE5051" author="Signoret" box="[839,1024,1324,1350]" pageId="6" pageNumber="10" refString="Signoret, V. (1853) Revue iconographique des Tettigonides. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France, 1, 323 - 374." type="journal article" year="1853">Signoret (1853)</bibRefCitation>
perceived it as “vraiment remarquable (…), par sa forme gigantesque et bizarre.” The general form of the sternite VII of
<taxonomicName id="21E94D4CAA3AFF8BFEFFFA87FDBC5082" ID-CoL="7BTMR" box="[347,514,1404,1429]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Tettigonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="monstruosa">
<emphasis id="D49DEADDAA3AFF8BFEFFFA87FDBC5082" box="[347,514,1404,1429]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">T. monstruosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is shared with the type­species of the presently described genus,
<taxonomicName id="21E94D4CAA3AFF8BFAB4FA87FEFC50AA" ID-CoL="R23H" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Caragonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bella" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="D49DEADDAA3AFF8BFAB4FA87FEFC50AA" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C. bella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CFAE57A6AA3AFF8BFEE8FA5FFE1250A9" box="[332,428,1444,1470]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" rank="species">
<emphasis id="D49DEADDAA3AFF8BFEE8FA5FFE1250A9" bold="true" box="[332,428,1444,1470]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, and basal lineages of the genus
<taxonomicName id="21E94D4CAA3AFF8BFC98FA5FFC2050AA" ID-CoL="8HDLV" box="[828,926,1444,1469]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Balacha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D49DEADDAA3AFF8BFC98FA5FFC2050AA" box="[828,926,1444,1469]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Balacha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Therefore, the former species is herein transferred to
<taxonomicName id="21E94D4CAA3AFF8BFE58FA37FDC550F2" ID-CoL="8JKTN" box="[508,635,1484,1509]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Caragonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="D49DEADDAA3AFF8BFE58FA37FDC550F2" box="[508,635,1484,1509]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Caragonia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CFAE57A6AA3AFF8BFD25FA37FD5150F1" box="[641,751,1484,1510]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D49DEADDAA3AFF8BFD25FA37FD5150F1" bold="true" box="[641,751,1484,1510]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">gen. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, based on the shape of the sternite VII and external morphology (which will readily distinguish the new genus from
<taxonomicName id="21E94D4CAA3AFF8BFB87FA0FFB3B531A" ID-CoL="8HDLV" box="[1059,1157,1524,1549]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Balacha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D49DEADDAA3AFF8BFB87FA0FFB3B531A" box="[1059,1157,1524,1549]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Balacha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species). Furthermore,
<taxonomicName id="21E94D4CAA3AFF8BFE27F9E7FDBC5322" ID-CoL="8JKTN" box="[387,514,1564,1589]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Caragonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D49DEADDAA3AFF8BFE27F9E7FDBC5322" box="[387,514,1564,1589]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Caragonia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from
<taxonomicName id="21E94D4CAA3AFF8BFD07F9E7FC875322" ID-CoL="8HFLJ" box="[675,825,1564,1589]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Caragonalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D49DEADDAA3AFF8BFD07F9E7FC875322" box="[675,825,1564,1589]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Caragonalia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in male genitalia characters (unknown in
<taxonomicName id="21E94D4CAA3AFF8BFEACF9BFFE08534A" ID-CoL="7BTMR" box="[264,438,1604,1629]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Tettigonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="monstruosa">
<emphasis id="D49DEADDAA3AFF8BFEACF9BFFE08534A" box="[264,438,1604,1629]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C. monstruosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). In the latter genus, the aedeagal shaft is short and laterally compressed and the paraphyses rami are much longer than the stalk.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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