265 lines
27 KiB
XML
265 lines
27 KiB
XML
<document id="B420FACCA8DC4A5FEA0E34F704E18338" ID-CLB-Dataset="42365" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3908.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6f1d1977-6b97-4789-828c-76ed250cf1ae" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="242729" ID-ZooBank="D6AD2B49-170B-4D9C-84AA-DBE0FEEAD8BE" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460936415633" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Gravili, Cinzia, Vito, Doris De, Camillo, Cristina Gioia Di, Martell, Luis, Piraino, Stefano & Boero, Ferdinando" docDate="2015" docId="03F887DEFF62FF2F9CD609ACD47FFDEA" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03908p187.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3908 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Clytia viridicans Leuckart 1856" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="151" masterDocId="FFC1FFA6FFF6FFB99C410F49D739FFD6" masterDocTitle="The non-Siphonophoran Hydrozoa (Cnidaria) of Salento, Italy with notes on their life-cycles: an illustrated guide" masterLastPageNumber="187" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="149" updateTime="1698583517399" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="3ABE1120D34E70E5DF079D16FE8670CD">
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<mods:title id="B76CDD7300BA01A56D32576AFC53A090">The non-Siphonophoran Hydrozoa (Cnidaria) of Salento, Italy with notes on their life-cycles: an illustrated guide</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="F04744075208A9F45AB886F57D2D5C4B" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="427D98BE1C07D049C8CB4A937D8D9469">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="349B4B4E13D647D3EA49554FF91F9817">Gravili, Cinzia</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:roleTerm id="0B43B1BCD778CD34E720BC5387827E56">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="88548D5A9B2974C2640E2B7D777F8153">Vito, Doris De</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="8C3C5C6AFECA1CBCA3D819802C2F9EAC" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="87C901D0634D1DBC280131DC220B3918">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="A3EE9CBA7D5DEA68D092C036A0C56457">Camillo, Cristina Gioia Di</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="3FE1295C3067376532D5887CCD46D09A" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="02A978059E3E20D54DEF575429A801AC">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="AC964120D1A1E00F93092F20157AAAE6">Martell, Luis</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="CD1869B407D807D1F4D49C22549CF2E4" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="1D0F7713FFC61480EF3573FEEB0C6ED7">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="653B656D74996CC15A4B860897FE2009">Piraino, Stefano</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="B7E388B9306D932CF2D6B687D8138041" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="6A5FD8C614DD4D03E23B01C0717EA976">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="D5796559A263B2C30C680AA80C1D20A0">Boero, Ferdinando</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="0733A3D6D737D8E03CF9A782FF2A100B">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="AD81D40F158AAC003F2989634BAD7CF4">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="7C0FC37BEF38FB412A4151AF10D61811">
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<mods:date id="97A1CB5CFD2D2B577F2E65F64D470D29">2015</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="976681FBA8739F18DC52C1557C88CDF7" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="E7023BD42B00177CBDA12D0B50258B45">3908</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="C487F569F8475A55F26D2E56606B148D">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="CF947711CD46E6C7D74BAE26B481AB57" type="CLB-Dataset">42365</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="452D3FDBD792927A509A341C786D7B3F" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3908.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="E028BDEB9ACE64407A58A017D1BF66B4" type="GBIF-Dataset">6f1d1977-6b97-4789-828c-76ed250cf1ae</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="68614A399DA707348316AA2A720076B7" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="B2A28B6567E9082FF89B9D6F4D7D0C3B" type="Zenodo-Dep">242729</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="CAF11ECCDE6C208B6D7AD92049C0FC73" type="ZooBank">D6AD2B49-170B-4D9C-84AA-DBE0FEEAD8BE</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="03F887DEFF62FF2F9CD609ACD47FFDEA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6107204" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119591270" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6107204" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F887DEFF62FF2F9CD609ACD47FFDEA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F887DEFF62FF2F9CD609ACD47FFDEA" lastPageId="150" lastPageNumber="151" pageId="148" pageNumber="149">
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<subSubSection id="C34B6543FF62FF2D9CD609ACD59CF8B3" pageId="148" pageNumber="149" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF62FF2D9CD609ACD50DF929" blockId="148.[151,564,1765,1824]" box="[151,564,1765,1791]" pageId="148" pageNumber="149">
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<heading id="D0A681A4FF62FF2D9CD609ACD50DF929" bold="true" box="[151,564,1765,1791]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="148" pageNumber="149" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C514D4BFF62FF2D9CD609ACD50DF929" ID-CoL="5ZFDS" authority="Leuckart, 1856" authorityName="Leuckart" authorityYear="1856" box="[151,564,1765,1791]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulariidae" genus="Clytia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="148" pageNumber="149" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="viridicans">
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFF62FF2D9CD609ACD50DF929" bold="true" box="[151,564,1765,1791]" pageId="148" pageNumber="149">
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFF62FF2D9CD609ACD664F929" bold="true" box="[151,349,1765,1791]" italics="true" pageId="148" pageNumber="149">Clytia viridicans</emphasis>
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(Leuckart, 1856)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF62FF2D9CD6084ED610F8F6" blockId="148.[151,564,1765,1824]" box="[151,297,1799,1824]" pageId="148" pageNumber="149">
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<figureCitation id="136A2A4DFF62FF2D9CD6084ED7CAF8F6" box="[151,243,1799,1824]" captionStart="FIGURE 106" captionStartId="149.[151,250,1121,1143]" captionTargetBox="[506,1083,197,1092]" captionTargetId="figure@149.[498,1090,193,1099]" captionTargetPageId="149" captionText="FIGURE 106. Clytia viridicans: A, hydrotheca; B, hydroid, gonothecae and newly released medusae; C, adult medusa (A, B drawn by F. Boero; C modified after Pagliara et al. 2000). Scale bars: A, 0.5 mm; B, 1.0 mm; C, 3.0 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/242835/files/figure.png" pageId="148" pageNumber="149">Fig. 106</figureCitation>
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A–C
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF62FF2D9CD60806D59CF8B3" blockId="148.[151,677,1871,1894]" box="[151,677,1871,1894]" pageId="148" pageNumber="149">
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See Pagliara
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFF62FF2D9D5A0818D671F8B3" box="[283,328,1871,1894]" italics="true" pageId="148" pageNumber="149">et al</emphasis>
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. (2000) for a complete synonymy.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C34B6543FF62FF2D9CD608DBD688F819" pageId="148" pageNumber="149" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF62FF2D9CD608DBD688F819" blockId="148.[151,1436,1938,2035]" pageId="148" pageNumber="149">
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFF62FF2D9CD608DBD6B4F87D" bold="true" box="[151,397,1938,1963]" pageId="148" pageNumber="149">Material examined.</emphasis>
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HCUS-S 113 (Hydrozoa Collection, University of Salento—fauna of the Salento Peninsula)—polyp stage.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C34B6543FF62FF2C9C860893D447F873" lastPageId="149" lastPageNumber="150" pageId="148" pageNumber="149" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF62FF2D9C860893D48FF825" blockId="148.[151,1436,1938,2035]" box="[199,950,2010,2035]" pageId="148" pageNumber="149">
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFF62FF2D9C860893D668F825" bold="true" box="[199,337,2010,2035]" pageId="148" pageNumber="149">Description</emphasis>
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(based on our own observations; Pagliara
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFF62FF2D9F6F0892D466F825" box="[814,863,2010,2035]" italics="true" pageId="148" pageNumber="149">et al</emphasis>
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. 2000):
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="DF2E6640FF63FF2C9CD60B28D3F9FB43" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/242835/files/figure.png" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" targetBox="[506,1083,197,1092]" targetPageId="149">
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<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF63FF2C9CD60B28D3F9FB43" blockId="149.[151,1436,1121,1174]" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFF63FF2C9CD60B28D614FBA0" bold="true" box="[151,301,1121,1143]" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">FIGURE 106.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C514D4BFF63FF2C9D750B28D6E6FBA1" box="[308,479,1121,1143]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulariidae" genus="Clytia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="viridicans">
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFF63FF2C9D750B28D6E6FBA1" box="[308,479,1121,1143]" italics="true" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">Clytia viridicans</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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:
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFF63FF2C9DAC0B28D6C6FBA0" bold="true" box="[493,511,1121,1142]" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">A</emphasis>
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, hydrotheca;
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFF63FF2C9ECD0B28D5A4FBA0" bold="true" box="[652,669,1121,1142]" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">B</emphasis>
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, hydroid, gonothecae and newly released medusae;
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFF63FF2C98F50B28D3FFFBA1" bold="true" box="[1204,1222,1121,1143]" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">C</emphasis>
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, adult medusa (A, B drawn by F. Boero; C modified after Pagliara
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFF63FF2C9E260BC8D5AAFB43" box="[615,659,1151,1174]" italics="true" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">et al</emphasis>
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. 2000). Scale bars: A, 0.5 mm; B, 1.0 mm; C, 3.0 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF63FF2C9C860BF5D26BFA97" blockId="149.[151,1437,1212,2029]" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFF63FF2C9C860BF5D60AFB03" bold="true" box="[199,307,1212,1237]" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">Hydroid.</emphasis>
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Hydrorhiza stolonal, as thin, slightly ramified tubes; colonies stolonal; pedicel short, annulated at base and below hydrotheca; hydranths with peduncled hypostome; 14–18 amphicoronate tentacles, hydrotheca conical, with 7–9 cusps, projecting inwards and with outwards perisarc projections in bays between nearby cusps. Gonothecae on hydrorhiza, either corrugated or smooth, containing up to 4 developing green medusae buds.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF63FF2C9C860A05D5CBFAB3" blockId="149.[151,1437,1212,2029]" box="[199,754,1356,1381]" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFF63FF2C9C860A05D664FAB3" bold="true" box="[199,349,1356,1381]" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">
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Habitat
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<typeStatus id="54EA886AFF63FF2C9D6B0A05D664FAB3" box="[298,349,1356,1381]" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">type</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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. Rocky shore (Pagliara
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFF63FF2C9E2A0A07D5A5FAB3" box="[619,668,1356,1381]" italics="true" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">et al</emphasis>
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. 2000).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF63FF2C9C860A38D452FA5C" blockId="149.[151,1437,1212,2029]" box="[199,875,1393,1418]" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFF63FF2C9C860A38D678FA5C" bold="true" box="[199,321,1393,1418]" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">Substrate.</emphasis>
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Algae, other hydroids, bryozoans, and barnacles.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF63FF2C9C860ADDD3BEFA7B" blockId="149.[151,1437,1212,2029]" box="[199,1159,1428,1454]" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFF63FF2C9C860ADDD66DFA7B" bold="true" box="[199,340,1428,1453]" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">Seasonality.</emphasis>
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From January to December in Salento waters (De Vito 2006; this study).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF63FF2C9C860AF0D3D5FA07" blockId="149.[151,1437,1212,2029]" box="[199,1260,1465,1490]" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFF63FF2C9C860AF0D6FDFA04" bold="true" box="[199,452,1465,1490]" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">Reproductive period.</emphasis>
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April–July, and December (De Vito 2006; this study) in Salento waters.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF63FF2C9C860A95D417F9B4" blockId="149.[151,1437,1212,2029]" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFF63FF2C9C860A95D614FA23" bold="true" box="[199,301,1500,1525]" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">Medusa.</emphasis>
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Adult. Umbrella flattened, about
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<quantity id="4CA99B2DFF63FF2C9EF00A94D438FA23" box="[689,769,1501,1525]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" unit="mm" value="11.0">11 mm</quantity>
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wide, mesoglea thin; manubrium bottle-shaped on a short peduncle; mouth with 4 corrugated lips; gonads oval, elongated along the distal part of radial canals not reaching umbrellar margin; 16–32 marginal tentacles; 24–40 statocysts. Colours: exumbrella transparent, manubrium, gonads and tentacular bulbs bright green in living material.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF63FF2C9C860925D6D7F8C0" blockId="149.[151,1437,1212,2029]" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">Developmental stages. Newly released medusa with umbrella hemispherical, about 0.5 mm high, a row of nematocysts often present on exumbrella, parallel to umbrellar margin; manubrium tubular, reaching half of subumbrellar cavity; mouth with 4 lips; 4 radial canals; velum wide, with a small opening; 4 perradial tentacled bulbs, 4 small interradial bulbs sometimes present; 8 statocysts along the circular canal, with one statolyth each. Colour: umbrella bright green.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF63FF2C9C86086BD3D5F854" blockId="149.[151,1437,1212,2029]" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">Two days after release, gonad rudiments developed on radial canals, along with other 4 tentacles on interradial marginal bulbs and other statocysts between adjacent tentacles; the umbrella tends to flatten; marginal bulbs, tentacles and statocysts are gradually added and, 30–45 days after release, medusae reach maturity.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF63FF2C9C8608C5D447F873" blockId="149.[151,1437,1212,2029]" box="[199,894,1932,1957]" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFF63FF2C9C8608C5D602F873" bold="true" box="[199,315,1932,1957]" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">Cnidome.</emphasis>
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Atrichous isorhizas and microbasic mastigophores.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C34B6543FF63FF2F9C8608F8D410FF2E" lastPageId="150" lastPageNumber="151" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF63FF2C9C8608F8D2AAF81F" blockId="149.[151,1437,1212,2029]" box="[199,1427,1969,1994]" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFF63FF2C9C8608F8D659F81C" bold="true" box="[199,352,1969,1994]" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">Distribution.</emphasis>
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Endemic to Mediterranean Sea (Pagliara
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFF63FF2C9F7508FBD45DF81C" box="[820,868,1969,1994]" italics="true" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">et al</emphasis>
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. 2000; Bouillon
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFF63FF2C986208FBD362F81C" box="[1059,1115,1969,1994]" italics="true" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">et al.</emphasis>
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2004;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF63FF2C98E808F8D2BEF81F" author="Gravili" box="[1193,1415,1969,1994]" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" refString="Gravili, C., Boero, F. & Licandro, P. (2008 a) Hydrozoa. Biologia Marina Mediterranea, 15 (Supplement), 71 - 91." type="journal article" year="2008" yearSuffix="a">
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Gravili
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<emphasis id="B925EADAFF63FF2C98BE08FBD20EF81C" box="[1279,1335,1969,1994]" italics="true" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">et al.</emphasis>
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2008a
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</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF63FF2F9C86089DD410FF2E" blockId="149.[151,1437,1212,2029]" lastBlockId="150.[151,1436,151,573]" lastPageId="150" lastPageNumber="151" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF63FF2C9C86089DD682F83B" bold="true" box="[199,443,2004,2029]" pageId="149" pageNumber="150">Records in Salento.</emphasis>
|
||
Moderately frequent at: La Strea, Porto Cesareo (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF63FF2C9861089DD215F83B" author="Faucci" box="[1056,1324,2004,2029]" pageId="149" pageNumber="150" refString="Faucci, A. & Boero, F. (2000) Structure of an epiphytic hydroid community on Cystoseira at two sites of different wave exposure. In: Mills, C. E., Boero, F., Migotto, A. & Gili, J. M. (Eds.), Trends in Hydrozoan Biology - IV. Scientia Marina, 64 (Supplement 1), pp. 255 - 264. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.3989 / scimar. 2000.64 s 1255" type="journal article" year="2000">Faucci & Boero 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); Otranto (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF60FF2F9CDF0FDED6A0FF66" author="Fraschetti" box="[158,409,151,176]" pageId="150" pageNumber="151" refString="Fraschetti, S., Giangrande, A., Terlizzi, A., Miglietta, M. P., Della Tommasa, L. & Boero, F. (2002) Spatio-temporal variation of hydroids and polychaetes associated with Cystoseira amentacea (Fucales: Phaeophyceae). Marine Biology, 140 (5), 949 - 957. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1007 / s 00227 - 001 - 0770 - 9" type="journal article" year="2002">
|
||
Fraschetti
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF60FF2F9D590FD0D675FF66" box="[280,332,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="150" pageNumber="151">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2002
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; De Vito 2006; Gravili 2006;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF60FF2F9EB90FDED4E7FF66" author="Gravili" box="[760,990,151,176]" pageId="150" pageNumber="151" refString="Gravili, C., Boero, F. & Licandro, P. (2008 a) Hydrozoa. Biologia Marina Mediterranea, 15 (Supplement), 71 - 91." type="journal article" year="2008" yearSuffix="a">
|
||
Gravili
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF60FF2F9F100FD0D4B5FF66" box="[849,908,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="150" pageNumber="151">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2008a
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF60FF2F9FAD0FDED3F1FF66" author="Piraino" box="[1004,1224,151,176]" pageId="150" pageNumber="151" refString="Piraino, S., De Vito, D., Brodbeck, E., Di Camillo, G. C., Fanelli, G. & Boero, F. (2013) Destructive standard squares or lowimpact visually driven collection? A comparison of methods for quantitative samplings of benthic hydrozoans. Italian Journal of Zoology, 80 (3), 424 - 436. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 11250003.2013.787461" type="journal article" year="2013">
|
||
Piraino
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF60FF2F98060FD0D3BBFF66" box="[1095,1154,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="150" pageNumber="151">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2013
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; this study); Torre dell’Inserraglio, Costa Merlata (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF60FF2F9E440FF5D585FF02" author="Andreano" box="[517,700,188,213]" pageId="150" pageNumber="151" refString="Andreano, F. (2007) Identificazione degli idroidi (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) nella fascia batimetrica dei 0 - 5 m. Degree Thesis, Marine Biology, University of Salento, 152 pp." type="book" year="2007">Andreano 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); Grotta del Ciolo (Denitto
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF60FF2F9FBD0FF4D309FF03" box="[1020,1072,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="150" pageNumber="151">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2007;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF60FF2F98CB0FF5D7EDFF2E" author="Moscatello" pageId="150" pageNumber="151" refString="Moscatello, S. & Belmonte, G. (2007) The plankton of a shallow submarine cave (' Grotta di Ciolo', Salento Peninsula, SE Italy). Marine Ecology, 28 (s 1), 47 - 59. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1439 - 0485.2007.00167. x" type="journal article" year="2007">Moscatello & Belmonte 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); Il Chiapparo (C. Gravili unpublished observations).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34B6543FF60FF2F9C860E4DD434FE06" pageId="150" pageNumber="151" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF60FF2F9C860E4DD434FE06" blockId="150.[151,1436,151,573]" pageId="150" pageNumber="151">
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF60FF2F9C860E4DD602FECB" bold="true" box="[199,315,260,285]" pageId="150" pageNumber="151">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
The whole life cycle was examined in the present study. Some planulae settled on the underside of the surface film of water and gave rise to floating colonies that developed for weeks in that position (for more details see Pagliara
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF60FF2F9D370E04D691FEB3" box="[374,424,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="150" pageNumber="151">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2000). As in all other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C514D4BFF60FF2F9EF10E05D5CCFEB3" box="[688,757,332,357]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulariidae" genus="Clytia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="150" pageNumber="151" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF60FF2F9EF10E05D5CCFEB3" box="[688,757,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="150" pageNumber="151">Clytia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species with amphicoronate tentacles, the tentacles oriented downwards lay on the perisarc projections between adjacent cusps, the ones oriented upwards are sustained by cusps. The number of tentacles, as a rule, should be double the number of cusps. Green forms attributed to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C514D4BFF60FF2F99160EDDD605FE06" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulariidae" genus="Clytia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="150" pageNumber="151" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="hemisphaerica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF60FF2F99160EDDD605FE06" italics="true" pageId="150" pageNumber="151">Clytia hemisphaerica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
might be referable to the present species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34B6543FF60FF2F9C860E95D47FFDEA" pageId="150" pageNumber="151" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEE36C8FF60FF2F9C860E95D47FFDEA" blockId="150.[151,1436,151,573]" pageId="150" pageNumber="151">
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF60FF2F9C860E95D669FE23" bold="true" box="[199,336,476,501]" pageId="150" pageNumber="151">References.</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF60FF2F9D1C0E95D52BFE23" author="Haeckel" box="[349,530,476,501]" pageId="150" pageNumber="151" refString="Haeckel, E. (1864) Beschreibung neuer Craspedoter Medusen aus dem Golfe von Nizza. Jena. Zeitschrift Fur Medizinische Naturwissenschaftlich, 1, 326 - 342." type="journal article" year="1864">Haeckel (1864)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF60FF2F9E650E95D420FE23" author="Metschnikoff" box="[548,793,476,501]" pageId="150" pageNumber="151" refString="Metschnikoff, E. (1886 a) Medusologische Mittheilungen. Arbeiten aus dem zoologischen Institut der Universitat Wien, 6, 237 - 266." type="journal article" year="1886" yearSuffix="a">Metschnikoff (1886a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF60FF2F9F5F0E95D414FE23" author="Metschnikoff" box="[798,813,476,501]" pageId="150" pageNumber="151" refString="Metschnikoff, E. (1886 b) Embryologische Studien an Medusen. Ein Beitrag zur Genealogie der Primitiv-Organe. Verlag v. Alfred Holder, k. k. Hof-u Universitats-Buchhandler in Wien, 1 - 159. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 5982" type="book chapter" year="1886" yearSuffix="b">b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF60FF2F9F060E95D4CAFE23" author="Russell" box="[839,1011,476,501]" pageId="150" pageNumber="151" refString="Russell, F. S. (1953) The medusae of the British Isles, Anthomedusae, Leptomedusae, Limnomedusae, Trachymedusae and Narcomedusae. London, Cambridge University Press, 530 pp. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1126 / science. 119.3095.562" type="book" year="1953">Russell (1953)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF60FF2F98440E95D3F5FE22" author="Cornelius" box="[1029,1228,476,501]" pageId="150" pageNumber="151" refString="Cornelius, P. F. S. (1982) Hydroids and medusae of the family Campanulariidae recorded from the eastern North Atlantic, with a world synopsis of genera. Bulletin of the British Museum of Natural History, Zoology, 42 (2), 37 - 148." type="journal article" year="1982">Cornelius (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF60FF2F989C0E95D7DDFDCE" author="Faucci" pageId="150" pageNumber="151" refString="Faucci, A. & Boero, F. (2000) Structure of an epiphytic hydroid community on Cystoseira at two sites of different wave exposure. In: Mills, C. E., Boero, F., Migotto, A. & Gili, J. M. (Eds.), Trends in Hydrozoan Biology - IV. Scientia Marina, 64 (Supplement 1), pp. 255 - 264. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.3989 / scimar. 2000.64 s 1255" type="journal article" year="2000">Faucci & Boero (2000)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, Pagliara
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF60FF2F9D140D48D6BEFDCE" box="[341,391,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="150" pageNumber="151">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2000),
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF60FF2F9DB00EB6D5CFFDCE" box="[497,758,511,536]" pageId="150" pageNumber="151" refString="Fraschetti, S., Giangrande, A., Terlizzi, A., Miglietta, M. P., Della Tommasa, L. & Boero, F. (2002) Spatio-temporal variation of hydroids and polychaetes associated with Cystoseira amentacea (Fucales: Phaeophyceae). Marine Biology, 140 (5), 949 - 957. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1007 / s 00227 - 001 - 0770 - 9" type="journal article">
|
||
Fraschetti
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF60FF2F9E260D48D5A3FDCE" box="[615,666,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="150" pageNumber="151">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2002)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, Bouillon
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF60FF2F9F2C0D48D49EFDCE" box="[877,935,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="150" pageNumber="151">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2004), Denitto
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF60FF2F98240D48D3A6FDCE" box="[1125,1183,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="150" pageNumber="151">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2007),
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF60FF2F99400EB6D661FDEA" author="Moscatello" pageId="150" pageNumber="151" refString="Moscatello, S. & Belmonte, G. (2007) The plankton of a shallow submarine cave (' Grotta di Ciolo', Salento Peninsula, SE Italy). Marine Ecology, 28 (s 1), 47 - 59. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1439 - 0485.2007.00167. x" type="journal article" year="2007">Moscatello & Belmonte (2007)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF60FF2F9D220D6DD56BFDEA" box="[355,594,548,573]" pageId="150" pageNumber="151" refString="Gravili, C., Boero, F. & Licandro, P. (2008 a) Hydrozoa. Biologia Marina Mediterranea, 15 (Supplement), 71 - 91." type="journal article">
|
||
Gravili
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF60FF2F9DFB0D6CD6CBFDEB" box="[442,498,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="150" pageNumber="151">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2008a)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC04B39FF60FF2F9E1F0D6DD47BFDEA" box="[606,834,548,573]" pageId="150" pageNumber="151" refString="Piraino, S., De Vito, D., Brodbeck, E., Di Camillo, G. C., Fanelli, G. & Boero, F. (2013) Destructive standard squares or lowimpact visually driven collection? A comparison of methods for quantitative samplings of benthic hydrozoans. Italian Journal of Zoology, 80 (3), 424 - 436. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 11250003.2013.787461" type="journal article">
|
||
Piraino
|
||
<emphasis id="B925EADAFF60FF2F9EF40D6CD5D7FDEB" box="[693,750,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="150" pageNumber="151">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2013)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |