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<document id="A3B08B6DA4D0497A8C5EA7E4C9EA6D2C" ID-DOI="10.3853/j.2201-4349.76.2024.1901" ID-ISSN="2201-4349" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14669017" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1737003891474" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Kupriyanova, Elena K. &amp; Flaxman, Beth" docDate="2024" docId="03CF5E32FF8353765FC64D6EFABFFB89" docLanguage="en" docName="RecAustMus.76.4.211-242.pdf" docOrigin="Records of the Australian Museum (Rec. Aust. Mus.) 76 (4)" docSource="https://doi.org/10.3853/j.2201-4349.76.2024.1901" docStyle="DocumentStyle:997BA24B490466A2F99594A367FA147F.4:RecAustMus.2019-.journal_article.0cover" docStyleId="997BA24B490466A2F99594A367FA147F" docStyleName="RecAustMus.2019-.journal_article.0cover" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Bathyvermilioides Kupriyanova &amp; Flaxman, 2024, n. gen." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="221" masterDocId="FFF6264AFF89537C5F374932FFECFFA9" masterDocTitle="Serpulidae (Annelida) of the Australian Indian Ocean Territories" masterLastPageNumber="242" masterPageNumber="211" pageNumber="221" updateTime="1737010608012" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="22AAF942149362A0E0F347619CE47EE1">Serpulidae (Annelida) of the Australian Indian Ocean Territories</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="80322D7D4E0F47F14792C6D7156A6148">Kupriyanova, Elena K.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="7AA8465B3B4574DC7645DDA5FD6801F5">Australian Museum Research Institute, 1 William Street, Sydney NSW, 2010, Australia &amp; Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde NSW 2109 Australia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="38E5F843FAB06D272BC8AC1389EC5C55">Flaxman, Beth</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="0944271E2FBDBB15233E9DCF26BCAD0B">Australian Museum Research Institute, 1 William Street, Sydney NSW, 2010, Australia &amp; School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="EC671D39470979168E4E3889EEE1B5E9">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="5E64DD4104FE2AE7146F276203FC68FC">76</mods:number>
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<subSubSection id="C37CBCAFFF8353765FC64D6EFD16FB36" pageId="10" pageNumber="221" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BD9EF24FF8353765FC64D6EFD22FBD5" blockId="10.[241,718,1116,1148]" box="[241,718,1116,1148]" pageId="10" pageNumber="221">
<heading id="D0915848FF8353765FC64D6EFD22FBD5" bold="true" box="[241,718,1116,1148]" centered="true" fontSize="12" level="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="221" reason="2">
<emphasis id="B9123336FF8353765FC64D6EFD22FBD5" bold="true" box="[241,718,1116,1148]" pageId="10" pageNumber="221">
Genus
<taxonomicName id="4C6694A7FF8353765E6D4D6EFD8EFBD2" ID-CoL="CL276" authorityName="Kupriyanova &amp; Flaxman" authorityYear="2024" box="[346,610,1116,1147]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Bathyvermilioides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="10" pageNumber="221" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9123336FF8353765E6D4D6EFD8EFBD2" bold="true" box="[346,610,1116,1147]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="221">Bathyvermilioides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2218E4DFF8353765D5C4D6FFD22FBD5" box="[619,718,1117,1148]" pageId="10" pageNumber="221" rank="genus">n. gen.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD9EF24FF8353765FF14DBCFD16FB36" blockId="10.[198,762,1166,1183]" box="[198,762,1166,1183]" pageId="10" pageNumber="221">
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
<uuid id="FFC0D5F1FF8353765E494DBCFD16FB36" box="[382,762,1166,1183]" pageId="10" pageNumber="221">6965D659-044F-4247-83DA-B031CDACDA0C</uuid>
</uri>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37CBCAFFF8353765F914D84FEF3F947" pageId="10" pageNumber="221" type="type_taxon">
<paragraph id="8BD9EF24FF8353765F914D84FD22FB64" blockId="10.[166,718,1206,1230]" box="[166,718,1206,1230]" pageId="10" pageNumber="221">
<emphasis id="B9123336FF8353765F914D84FED8FB67" bold="true" box="[166,308,1206,1230]" pageId="10" pageNumber="221">
<typeStatus id="54DD5186FF8353765F914D84FF32FB67" box="[166,222,1206,1230]" pageId="10" pageNumber="221">Type</typeStatus>
species
</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C6694A7FF8353765E764D84FD61FB67" ID-CoL="CL2C8" authorityName="Kupriyanova &amp; Flaxman" authorityYear="2024" box="[321,653,1206,1230]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Bathyvermilioides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="10" pageNumber="221" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="juliebrockae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9123336FF8353765E764D84FD61FB67" box="[321,653,1206,1230]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="221">Bathyvermilioides juliebrockae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2218E4DFF8353765DA34D84FD22FB64" box="[660,718,1206,1229]" pageId="10" pageNumber="221" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD9EF24FF8353765F914DD3FEF3F947" blockId="10.[166,795,1249,1774]" pageId="10" pageNumber="221">
<emphasis id="B9123336FF8353765F914DD3FE61FB52" bold="true" box="[166,397,1249,1275]" pageId="10" pageNumber="221">Generic diagnosis</emphasis>
. Tube white, opaque, tusk-shaped, quadrangular in cross-section, without peristomes. Operculum very hard, semi-globular shiny endplate. Peduncle cylindrical, smooth, without wings; inserted as 2
<superScript id="7C13426CFF8353765C3E4C08FCF6FAE1" attach="none" box="[777,794,1338,1352]" fontSize="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="221">nd</superScript>
dorsal radiole on one side. Pseudoperculum absent. Radioles arranged in semi-circles, up to 12 per lobe. Inter-radiolar membrane and stylodes absent. Radiolar eyes and mouth palps absent. Seven thoracic chaetigerous segments. Collar trilobed, with entire edge, continuous with short thoracic membranes ending at 2
<superScript id="7C13426CFF8353765E874CD8FE2DFA51" attach="left" box="[432,449,1514,1528]" fontSize="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="221">nd</superScript>
thoracic chaetiger. Tonguelets absent. Collar chaetae limbate.
<taxonomicName id="4C6694A7FF8353765ECC4F3BFD8AF989" ID-CoL="84LHF" authorityName="Philippi" authorityYear="1844" box="[507,614,1545,1568]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Apomatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="10" pageNumber="221" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9123336FF8353765ECC4F3BFD8AF989" box="[507,614,1545,1568]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="221">Apomatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
chaetae present. Thoracic uncini saw-shaped with 910 teeth in profile, anterior fang pointed. Triangular depression absent. Abdominal chaetae short, flat triangular with wide distal denticulate blade; abdominal uncini rasp-shaped, anterior fang pointed. Achaetous anterior abdominal zone absent. Long posterior capillary chaetae absent. Posterior glandular pad absent.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37CBCAFFF8353765F914E31FABFFB89" pageId="10" pageNumber="221" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BD9EF24FF8353765F914E31FA43FF64" blockId="10.[166,794,1795,1995]" lastBlockId="10.[839,1467,152,1056]" pageId="10" pageNumber="221">
<emphasis id="B9123336FF8353765F914E31FEFFF8B2" bold="true" box="[166,275,1795,1819]" pageId="10" pageNumber="221">Remarks.</emphasis>
The new genus
<taxonomicName id="4C6694A7FF8353765E824E31FD9EF8B2" authorityName="Kupriyanova &amp; Flaxman" authorityYear="2024" box="[437,626,1795,1819]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Bathyvermilioides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="10" pageNumber="221" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9123336FF8353765E824E31FD9EF8B2" box="[437,626,1795,1819]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="221">Bathyvermilioides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has tusk-shaped quadrangular in cross-section tubes resembling those of nominal
<taxonomicName id="4C6694A7FF8353765E324E0CFE7EF8FF" authorityName="Kupriyanova" authorityYear="1993" box="[261,402,1854,1878]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Bathyditrupa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="10" pageNumber="221" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9123336FF8353765E324E0CFE7EF8FF" box="[261,402,1854,1878]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="221">Bathyditrupa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C6694A7FF8353765EFF4E0CFDAFF8FF" authorityName="Fauvel" authorityYear="1909" box="[456,579,1854,1878]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Spirodiscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="10" pageNumber="221" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9123336FF8353765EFF4E0CFDAFF8FF" box="[456,579,1854,1878]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="221">Spirodiscus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but the similarities end here, and quadrangular tubes are apparently convergent in several genera of deep-sea serpulids (Kupriyanova &amp; Ippolitov, 2015). The genus clearly belongs to the subfamily
<taxonomicName id="4C6694A7FF8353765F914E81FEC1F862" box="[166,301,1971,1995]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="10" pageNumber="221" phylum="Annelida" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Filograninae">Filograninae</taxonomicName>
as indicated by the presence of the thoracic
<taxonomicName id="4C6694A7FF8353765C7049AAFC5FFF06" authorityName="Philippi" authorityYear="1844" box="[839,947,152,175]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Apomatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="10" pageNumber="221" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9123336FF8353765C7049AAFC5FFF06" box="[839,947,152,175]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="221">Apomatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
chaetae and flat geniculate abdominal chaetae and which is supported by molecular results here (
<figureCitation id="135DF3A1FF8353765A574987FA73FF64" box="[1376,1439,181,205]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="4.[166,234,1920,1942]" captionTargetBox="[168,1385,154,1887]" captionTargetId="figure-45@4.[166,1387,151,1890]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 1. Maximum Likelihood consensus phylogram of the concatenated (18S and Cyt b) data set. Only nodes with bootstrap values&gt; 70 are indicated. Nodes with bootstrap values 100 are indicated by *(asterisk)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14669019" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14669019/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="221">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD9EF24FF8353765C5249E2FAC0FD74" blockId="10.[839,1467,152,1056]" pageId="10" pageNumber="221">
The results of the phylogenetic analysis here (
<figureCitation id="135DF3A1FF8353765ABA49E2FCBFFEAC" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="4.[166,234,1920,1942]" captionTargetBox="[168,1385,154,1887]" captionTargetId="figure-45@4.[166,1387,151,1890]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 1. Maximum Likelihood consensus phylogram of the concatenated (18S and Cyt b) data set. Only nodes with bootstrap values&gt; 70 are indicated. Nodes with bootstrap values 100 are indicated by *(asterisk)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14669019" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14669019/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="221">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
) showed that the new taxon does not fall into the
<taxonomicName id="4C6694A7FF8353765C7F4838FC05FE8B" authorityName="Zibrowius" authorityYear="1973" box="[840,1001,266,290]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Bathyvermilia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="10" pageNumber="221" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9123336FF8353765C7F4838FC05FE8B" box="[840,1001,266,290]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="221">Bathyvermilia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
clade (
<typeStatus id="54DD5186FF8353765B754838FB99FE8B" box="[1090,1141,266,290]" pageId="10" pageNumber="221">type</typeStatus>
species
<taxonomicName id="4C6694A7FF8353765BE94839FA6EFE8B" baseAuthorityName="Zibrowius" baseAuthorityYear="1973" box="[1246,1410,266,290]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Bathyvermilia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="10" pageNumber="221" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="challengeri">
<emphasis id="B9123336FF8353765BE94839FA6EFE8B" box="[1246,1410,266,290]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="221">B. challengeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) but belongs to the well supported clade with
<emphasis id="B9123336FF8353765BC1481AFC0BFEF4" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="221">
<taxonomicName id="4C6694A7FF8353765BC1481AFA5BFEE9" box="[1270,1463,296,320]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Rhodopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="10" pageNumber="221" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="pusilla">Rhodopsis pusilla</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C6694A7FF8353765C704877FC0FFEF4" authorityName="ten Hove" authorityYear="1975" box="[839,995,325,349]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Semivermilia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="10" pageNumber="221" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">Semivermilia</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C6694A7FF8353765B1E4877FB32FEF4" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="1907" box="[1065,1246,325,349]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Pseudovermilia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="10" pageNumber="221" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9123336FF8353765B1E4877FB32FEF4" box="[1065,1246,325,349]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="221">Pseudovermilia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The phylogenetic position of
<taxonomicName id="4C6694A7FF8353765CF44854FB8AFED4" authorityName="Kupriyanova &amp; Flaxman" authorityYear="2024" box="[963,1126,357,381]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Bathyvermilioides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="10" pageNumber="221" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="juliebrockae" status="n. gen., n. sp.">
<emphasis id="B9123336FF8353765CF44854FC3FFED4" box="[963,979,358,381]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="221">B</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B9123336FF8353765CD54857FB8AFED4" box="[994,1126,357,381]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="221">juliebrockae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2218E4DFF8353765B594857FAECFED5" box="[1134,1280,357,381]" pageId="10" pageNumber="221" rank="species">n. gen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
suggests that the new taxon could have been included in the genus
<emphasis id="B9123336FF8353765A7148B0FA57FE33" box="[1350,1467,386,410]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="221">
<taxonomicName id="4C6694A7FF8353765A7148B0FA54FE33" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="1905" box="[1350,1464,386,410]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Rhodopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="10" pageNumber="221" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">Rhodopsis</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
However, the taxa are very different morphologically, as the two currently valid species of the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C6694A7FF8353765A14488FFA7EFE7C" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="1905" box="[1315,1426,445,469]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Rhodopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="10" pageNumber="221" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9123336FF8353765A14488FFA7EFE7C" box="[1315,1426,445,469]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="221">Rhodopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are tiny, with the tubes &lt;
<quantity id="4C9E42C1FF8353765B1048E8FB95FE5B" box="[1063,1145,474,498]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="221" unit="mm" value="0.2">0.2 mm</quantity>
in diameter and often bearing unpaired brood chambers. The operculum in
<taxonomicName id="4C6694A7FF8353765A7E48CAFA57FDB9" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="1905" box="[1353,1467,504,528]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Rhodopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="10" pageNumber="221" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9123336FF8353765A7E48CAFA57FDB9" box="[1353,1467,504,528]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="221">Rhodopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is usually covered with a well-developed soft chitinous endplate bearing spines, the number of thoracic chaetigerous segments varies from four to six, and the achaetous anterior abdominal zone is long. Chaetal characters also differ in the two taxa as in
<taxonomicName id="4C6694A7FF8353765B174BB8FB7EFD0B" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="1905" box="[1056,1170,650,674]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Rhodopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="10" pageNumber="221" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9123336FF8353765B174BB8FB7EFD0B" box="[1056,1170,650,674]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="221">Rhodopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
collar chaetae are absent, both thoracic and abdominal uncini are rasp-shaped, and abdominal chaetae are flat narrow geniculate.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD9EF24FF8353765C524BD0FABFFB89" blockId="10.[839,1467,152,1056]" pageId="10" pageNumber="221">
Morphologically the new species most closely resembles
<taxonomicName id="4C6694A7FF8353765C704A32FB8CFCBE" authorityName="Kupriyanova &amp; Ippolitov" authorityYear="2015" box="[839,1120,768,792]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Bathyvermilia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="10" pageNumber="221" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="gregrousei">
<emphasis id="B9123336FF8353765C704A32FB8CFCBE" box="[839,1120,768,792]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="221">Bathyvermilia gregrousei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, a deep-sea species inhabiting similarly quadrangular, although smaller and slightly spirally twisted, tubes. It is likely that the
<taxonomicName id="4C6694A7FF8353765B9B4A08FA57FCFB" authorityName="Kupriyanova &amp; Ippolitov" authorityYear="2015" box="[1196,1467,826,850]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Bathyvermilia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="10" pageNumber="221" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="gregrousei">
<emphasis id="B9123336FF8353765B9B4A08FA57FCFB" box="[1196,1467,826,850]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="221">Bathyvermilia gregrousei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
also should be transferred to the new genus, but molecular data are needed to confirm this hypothesis. Because of these morphological similarities with
<taxonomicName id="4C6694A7FF8353765BC74AA0FA66FC03" authorityName="Zibrowius" authorityYear="1973" box="[1264,1418,914,938]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Bathyvermilia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="10" pageNumber="221" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9123336FF8353765BC74AA0FA66FC03" box="[1264,1418,914,938]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="221">Bathyvermilia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and phylogenetic position of the new species we established the new genus
<taxonomicName id="4C6694A7FF8353765CDE4AFFFB47FC4C" authorityName="Kupriyanova &amp; Flaxman" authorityYear="2024" box="[1001,1195,973,997]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Bathyvermilioides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="10" pageNumber="221" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9123336FF8353765CDE4AFFFB47FC4C" box="[1001,1195,973,997]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="221">Bathyvermilioides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The suffix -oides means “similar to”. This taxonomical decision will again be tested in future molecular studies of deep-sea serpulids.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>