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<document id="B0D6B6FDDFBB2D632002E5AAE8B7F246" ID-CLB-Dataset="7153" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2021.747.1333" ID-GBIF-Dataset="aca67cc8-96ca-4f24-b8af-2b532ecd355c" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4836744" ID-ZooBank="3F0B6EAF-C616-4865-811A-414A094B590C" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1619605517524" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Moctezuma, Victor &amp; Halffter, Gonzalo" docDate="2021" docId="03CA87F2FFD2FFEFFDC140ABBD9F384D" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-747_1-71.pdf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 747" docSource="http://zoobank.org/3f0b6eaf-c616-4865-811a-414a094b590c" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Phanaeus rzedowskii Moctezuma &amp; Halffter 2021, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="A98B849A-4240-4DD3-9997-D0B3CB7B00C2" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="47" masterDocId="FFF3FF8AFFFEFFC1FFA8420BBF723A3A" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic revision of the Phanaeus endymion species group (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), with the descriptions of five new species" masterLastPageNumber="71" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="45" updateTime="1698937721231" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:titleInfo id="9DD57A66D971E6E88BB03E0F6D2A0F41">
<mods:title id="64AEDDD0F295837B75AA4A161BED1F2C">Taxonomic revision of the Phanaeus endymion species group (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), with the descriptions of five new species</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:namePart id="96CD9D5B0E87E62AD44DA212E0D5B38A">Moctezuma, Victor</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="03BDE1A95378976CB26DB95A6C0F4389">Red de Ecoetología, Instituto de Ecología, A. C. Carretera antigua a Coatepec 351, El Haya, Xalapa, Veracruz 91073, Mexico.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="FD3FF2B626392B691DE10925ED728171" type="email">abadonjvpm@hotmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="78BFBE541501580AEE1BE3BF7F6952D5">Halffter, Gonzalo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="96243D2516D4B7F37F93FD9C1E36C0B3">Red de Ecoetología, Instituto de Ecología, A. C. Carretera antigua a Coatepec 351, El Haya, Xalapa, Veracruz 91073, Mexico.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="C9D276CF0C070B65C715827084F768EF" type="email">gonzalohalffter@inecol.mx</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="6B807515C4312909857F18EFF2B900E8">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="163F3BF68A69131AF0EEA9485607B317">
<mods:date id="3A7336F19DBE978D1F992E57C80D6C5D">2021</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="60C76087FB5004E0D2896CE454DADA59" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="6F07E60EE11384BFA94875F557AEF05F">2021-04-28</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="C69805347CDA155944CA80A267226B31">747</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03CA87F2FFD2FFEFFDC140ABBD9F384D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4726199" ID-GBIF-Taxon="181753777" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4726199" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:A98B849A-4240-4DD3-9997-D0B3CB7B00C2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CA87F2FFD2FFEFFDC140ABBD9F384D" lastPageId="46" lastPageNumber="47" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<subSubSection id="C379656FFFD2FFEDFDC140ABBCB83881" box="[617,970,672,699]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BDC36E4FFD2FFEDFDC140ABBCB83881" blockId="44.[362,1225,672,770]" box="[617,970,672,699]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<heading id="D0948188FFD2FFEDFDC140ABBCB83881" box="[617,970,672,699]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C634D67FFD2FFEDFDC140ABBC1A3881" ID-CoL="874G3" authority="Moctezuma &amp; Halffter, 2021" authorityName="Moctezuma &amp; Halffter" authorityYear="2021" box="[617,872,672,699]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Phanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rzedowskii" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFD2FFEDFDC140ABBC1A3881" bold="true" box="[617,872,672,699]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Phanaeus rzedowskii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A224578DFFD2FFEDFCD840AABCB83881" box="[880,970,673,699]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C379656FFFD2FFEDFEC240CFBCBB393B" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BDC36E4FFD2FFEDFEC240CFBBBB38E4" blockId="44.[362,1225,672,770]" box="[362,1225,708,734]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<uri id="FFF23AE6FFD2FFEDFEC240CFBBBB38E4" box="[362,1225,708,734]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
<uuid id="FFC50C31FFD2FFEDFD2440CFBBBB38E4" box="[652,1225,708,734]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">A98B849A-4240-4DD3-9997-D0B3CB7B00C2</uuid>
</uri>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDC36E4FFD2FFEDFDC340ECBCBB393B" blockId="44.[362,1225,672,770]" box="[619,969,743,770]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<figureCitation id="13582A61FFD2FFEDFDC340ECBDB9393B" box="[619,715,743,769]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[189,232,1681,1707]" captionTargetBox="[334,1251,265,1642]" captionTargetId="figure-153@8.[333,1254,265,1655]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 1. Endophallite copulatrix of the Phanaeus endymion species group (except for P. arletteae Arnaud, 2018). A. Phanaeus bravoensis Moctezuma, Sánchez-Huerta &amp; Halffter, 2017 (IEXA). B. Phanaeus chiapanecus sp. nov. (TAMU). C. Phanaeus edmondsi Moctezuma, Deloya &amp; Halffter, 2019 (IEXA). D. Phanaeus endymion Harold, 1863 (VMC). E. Phanaeus funereus Balthasar, 1939 stat. rev. (VMC). F. Phanaeus halffterorum Edmonds, 1979 (TAMU). G. Phanaeus huichol Moctezuma, Sánchez- Huerta &amp; Halffter, 2017 (IEXA). H. Phanaeus jackenioi sp. nov. (UVGC). I. Phanaeus malyi Arnaud, 2002 (VMC). J. Phanaeus olsoufieffi Balthasar, 1939 stat. rev. (VMC). K. Phanaeus pacificus sp. nov. (UVGC). L. Phanaeus panamensis sp. nov. (TAMU). M. Phanaeus porioni Arnaud, 2001 stat. rev. (VMC). N. Phanaeus pyrois Bates, 1887 (VMC).O. Phanaeus rzedowskii sp. nov. (TAMU).P. Phanaeus zapotecus Edmonds, 2006 (VMC). Q. Phanaeus zoque Moctezuma &amp; Halffter, 2017 (IEXA)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4836748" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4836748/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Figs 1O</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13582A61FFD2FFEDFD7040ECBD8C393B" box="[728,766,743,769]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[189,232,1786,1812]" captionTargetBox="[260,1330,265,1758]" captionTargetId="figure-104@9.[257,1330,265,1765]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 2. Lateral view of males within the Phanaeus endymion species group. A. Phanaeus chiapanecus sp. nov. (TAMU). B. Phanaeus endymion Harold, 1863 (VMC). C. Phanaeus funereus Balthasar, 1939 stat. rev. (VMC). D. Phanaeus jackenioi sp. nov. (UVGC). E. Phanaeus malyi Arnaud, 2002 (VMC). F. Phanaeus olsoufieffi Balthasar, 1939 stat. rev. (VMC). G. Phanaeus pacificus sp. nov. (UVGC). H. Phanaeus panamensis sp. nov. (TAMU). I. Phanaeus porioni Arnaud, 2001 stat. rev. (VMC). J. Phanaeus pyrois Bates, 1887, green morph (VMC). K. Phanaeus rzedowskii sp. nov. (TAMU). L. Phanaeus zapotecus Edmonds, 2006 (VMC)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4836752" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4836752/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">2K</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13582A61FFD2FFEDFCA240ECBC5B393B" box="[778,809,743,769]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="45.[189,232,1998,2024]" captionTargetBox="[220,1360,1157,1946]" captionTargetId="figure-204@45.[189,1399,1157,1960]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="Fig. 13. Phanaeus rzedowskii sp. nov. A. Holotype, ♂ (TAMU). B. ♀ (VMC)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4836792" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4836792/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">13</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13582A61FFD2FFEDFC9E40ECBC273938" box="[822,853,743,770]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="50.[189,232,1890,1916]" captionTargetBox="[193,1392,927,1854]" captionTargetId="figure-235@50.[189,1398,924,1857]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="Fig. 15. Distribution of the Phanaeus endymion species group in North and Central America (in part). Phanaeus bravoensis Moctezuma, Sánchez-Huerta &amp; Halffter, 2017;P. edmondsi Moctezuma, Deloya &amp; Halffter, 2019; P. halffterorum Edmonds, 1979; and P. huichol Moctezuma, Sánchez-Huerta &amp; Halffter, 2017 by Jose Luis Sánchez-Huerta." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4836796" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4836796/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">15</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13582A61FFD2FFEDFCCA40ECBCFD393B" box="[866,911,743,769]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="55.[189,232,1681,1707]" captionTargetBox="[258,1329,264,1646]" captionTargetId="figure-157@55.[258,1329,264,1646]" captionTargetPageId="55" captionText="Fig. 18. Pronotum of females within the Phanaeus endymion species group. A. Phanaeus arletteae Arnaud, 2018 (modified from Arnaud 2018). B. Phanaeus bravoensis Moctezuma, Sánchez-Huerta &amp; Halffter, 2017 (by Jose Luis Sánchez-Huerta).C. Phanaeus chiapanecus sp. nov. D. Phanaeus edmondsi Moctezuma, Deloya &amp; Halffter, 2019 (by Jose Luis Sánchez-Huerta). E. Phanaeus endymion Harold, 1863. F. Phanaeus funereus Balthasar, 1939 stat. rev. G. Phanaeus halffterorum Edmonds, 1979 (by Jose Luis Sánchez-Huerta).H. Phanaeus huichol Moctezuma, Sánchez-Huerta &amp; Halffter, 2017 (by Jose Luis Sánchez-Huerta). I. Phanaeus jackenioi sp. nov. J. Phanaeus malyi Arnaud, 2002. K. Phanaeus olsoufieffi Balthasar, 1939 stat. rev. L. Phanaeus pacificus sp. nov. M. Phanaeus panamensis sp. nov. N. Phanaeus porioni Arnaud, 2001 stat. rev. O. Phanaeus pyrois Bates, 1887. P. Phanaeus rzedowskii sp. nov. Q. Phanaeus zapotecus Edmonds, 2006. R. Phanaeus zoque Moctezuma &amp; Halffter, 2017." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4836802" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4836802/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">18P</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13582A61FFD2FFEDFC3340ECBCBB393B" box="[923,969,743,769]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="56.[189,231,1678,1704]" captionTargetBox="[306,1282,265,1646]" captionTargetId="figure-158@56.[306,1282,265,1646]" captionTargetPageId="56" captionText="Fig. 19. Elytral integument of species within the Phanaeus endymion species group. A. Phanaeus arletteae Arnaud, 2018 (modified from Arnaud 2018). B. Phanaeus bravoensis Moctezuma, Sánchez- Huerta &amp; Halffter, 2017 (by Jose Luis Sánchez-Huerta). C. Phanaeus chiapanecus sp. nov. D. Phanaeus edmondsi Moctezuma, Deloya &amp; Halffter, 2019 (by Jose Luis Sánchez-Huerta). E. Phanaeus endymion Harold, 1863. F. Phanaeus funereus Balthasar, 1939 stat. rev. G. Phanaeus halffterorum Edmonds, 1979 (by Jose Luis Sánchez-Huerta). H. Phanaeus huichol Moctezuma, Sánchez-Huerta &amp; Halffter, 2017 (by Jose Luis Sánchez-Huerta). I. Phanaeus jackenioi sp. nov. J. Phanaeus malyi Arnaud, 2002.K. Phanaeus olsoufieffi Balthasar, 1939 stat. rev. L. Phanaeus pacificus sp. nov. M. Phanaeus panamensis sp. nov. N. Phanaeus porioni Arnaud, 2001 stat. rev. O. Phanaeus pyrois Bates, 1887. P. Phanaeus rzedowskii sp. nov. Q. Phanaeus zapotecus Edmonds, 2006. R. Phanaeus zoque Moctezuma &amp; Halffter, 2017." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4836804" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4836804/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">19P</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C379656FFFD2FFEDFF154123BD8839AF" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BDC36E4FFD2FFEDFF154123BE443978" blockId="44.[189,310,808,834]" box="[189,310,808,834]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<heading id="D0948188FFD2FFEDFF154123BE443978" bold="true" box="[189,310,808,834]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFD2FFEDFF154123BE443978" bold="true" box="[189,310,808,834]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Diagnosis</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDC36E4FFD2FFEDFF15415CBD8839AF" blockId="44.[189,1398,855,917]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
This is the only species within the
<taxonomicName id="4C634D67FFD2FFEDFDF14153BD9B394B" authorityName="Harold. Ex-Mus" authorityYear="1863" box="[601,745,855,881]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Phanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="endymion">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFD2FFEDFDF14153BD9B394B" box="[601,745,855,881]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">P. endymion</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species group where major males show a pronotal disc with a superficially impressed midline (
<figureCitation id="13582A61FFD2FFEDFD264170BD9E39AF" box="[654,748,891,917]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[189,232,1786,1812]" captionTargetBox="[260,1330,265,1758]" captionTargetId="figure-104@9.[257,1330,265,1765]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 2. Lateral view of males within the Phanaeus endymion species group. A. Phanaeus chiapanecus sp. nov. (TAMU). B. Phanaeus endymion Harold, 1863 (VMC). C. Phanaeus funereus Balthasar, 1939 stat. rev. (VMC). D. Phanaeus jackenioi sp. nov. (UVGC). E. Phanaeus malyi Arnaud, 2002 (VMC). F. Phanaeus olsoufieffi Balthasar, 1939 stat. rev. (VMC). G. Phanaeus pacificus sp. nov. (UVGC). H. Phanaeus panamensis sp. nov. (TAMU). I. Phanaeus porioni Arnaud, 2001 stat. rev. (VMC). J. Phanaeus pyrois Bates, 1887, green morph (VMC). K. Phanaeus rzedowskii sp. nov. (TAMU). L. Phanaeus zapotecus Edmonds, 2006 (VMC)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4836752" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4836752/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Fig. 2K</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C379656FFFD2FFEDFF1541B6BB9C3E13" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BDC36E4FFD2FFEDFF1541B6BE3639ED" blockId="44.[189,324,957,983]" box="[189,324,957,983]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<heading id="D0948188FFD2FFEDFF1541B6BE3639ED" bold="true" box="[189,324,957,983]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFD2FFEDFF1541B6BE3639ED" bold="true" box="[189,324,957,983]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Etymology</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDC36E4FFD2FFEDFF1541E7BB9C3E13" blockId="44.[186,1398,1003,1065]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">We are honoured to name the new species after Jerzy Rzedowski, to recognise his outstanding contribution to the knowledge of the Mexican biodiversity, particularly to the flora from El Bajío region.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C379656FFFD2FFEDFF15465ABD363F8C" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BDC36E4FFD2FFEDFF15465ABD5A3E51" blockId="44.[189,552,1104,1131]" box="[189,552,1104,1131]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFD2FFEDFF15465ABE083E50" bold="true" box="[189,378,1104,1131]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Tyepa material</emphasis>
(
<specimenCount id="9D65FD6DFFD2FFEDFE22465ABEBD3E51" box="[394,463,1105,1131]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="male">2 ♂♂</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="9D65FD6DFFD2FFEDFE74465ABD6E3E51" box="[476,540,1105,1131]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="female">2 ♀♀</specimenCount>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDC36E4FFD2FFEDFF424674BE2E3EA3" blockId="44.[189,1239,1151,1213]" box="[234,348,1151,1177]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFD2FFEDFF424674BE2E3EA3" bold="true" box="[234,348,1151,1177]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<typeStatus id="54D88846FFD2FFEDFF424674BE2E3EA3" box="[234,348,1151,1177]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDC36E4FFD2FFEDFF1546A8BBA53E87" blockId="44.[189,1239,1151,1213]" box="[189,1239,1186,1213]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<materialsCitation id="3B0B3CB9FFD2FFEDFF1546A8BBA53E87" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3093980401" box="[189,1239,1186,1213]" collectingDate="1990-07-24" collectionCode="TAMU" collectorName="Terry Taylor" country="Mexico" location="Coalcoman" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Michoacan" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry id="F3747674FFD2FFEDFF1546A8BE433E87" box="[189,305,1187,1213]" name="Mexico" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">MEXICO</collectingCountry>
–
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFD2FFEDFEE646A9BEAB3E87" bold="true" box="[334,473,1186,1213]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<collectingRegion id="49A7F806FFD2FFEDFEE646A9BEAB3E87" box="[334,473,1186,1213]" country="Mexico" name="Michoacan de Ocampo" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Michoacán</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
•
<specimenCount id="9D65FD6DFFD2FFEDFE5946A8BD783E87" box="[497,522,1187,1213]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
; “
<location id="8EBC603FFFD2FFEDFD8946A8BDDF3E87" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CA87F2FFD2FFEFFDC140ABBD9F384D:8EBC603FFFD2FFEDFD8946A8BDDF3E87" box="[545,685,1187,1213]" country="Mexico" name="Coalcoman" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" stateProvince="Michoacan">Coalcoman</location>
.
<date id="FFDD1024FFD2FFEDFD1046A8BC413E87" box="[696,819,1187,1213]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" value="1990-07-24">
<collectingDate id="EF99E9CCFFD2FFEDFD1046A8BC413E87" box="[696,819,1187,1213]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" value="1990-07-24">24-VII-90</collectingDate>
</date>
. Fungus.
<collectorName id="26965332FFD2FFEDFC0A46A8BB463E87" box="[930,1076,1187,1213]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Terry Taylor</collectorName>
col”;
<collectionCode id="ED72AE21FFD2FFEDFBD446A8BBA63E87" box="[1148,1236,1187,1213]" collectionName="USA, Texas, College Station, Texas A &amp; M University" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">TAMU</collectionCode>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDC36E4FFD2FFEDFF4246EFBE153EC4" blockId="44.[189,1399,1252,1350]" box="[234,359,1252,1278]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFD2FFEDFF4246EFBE153EC4" bold="true" box="[234,359,1252,1278]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<typeStatus id="54D88846FFD2FFEDFF4246EFBE153EC4" box="[234,359,1252,1278]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDC36E4FFD2FFEDFF154703BD7E3F7F" blockId="44.[189,1399,1252,1350]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<materialsCitation id="3B0B3CB9FFD2FFEDFF154703BB443F18" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3093980476" box="[189,1078,1287,1314]" collectionCode="TAMU" collectorName="Fungus. Terry Taylor" country="Mexico" location="Michoacan" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Michoacan" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectingCountry id="F3747674FFD2FFEDFF154703BE433F18" box="[189,305,1288,1314]" name="Mexico" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">MEXICO</collectingCountry>
–
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFD2FFEDFEE6470CBEAB3F18" bold="true" box="[334,473,1287,1314]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<collectingRegion id="49A7F806FFD2FFEDFEE6470CBEAB3F18" box="[334,473,1287,1314]" country="Mexico" name="Michoacan de Ocampo" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Michoacán</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
•
<specimenCount id="9D65FD6DFFD2FFEDFE594703BD6C3F18" box="[497,542,1288,1314]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
; same collection data as for holotype;
<collectionCode id="ED72AE21FFD2FFEDFC4A4703BB443F18" box="[994,1078,1288,1314]" collectionName="USA, Texas, College Station, Texas A &amp; M University" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">TAMU</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="3B0B3CB9FFD2FFEDFBE64703BD7A3F7F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3093980546" collectingDate="1995-08-31" collectionCode="VMC" country="Mexico" elevation="0" location="Villa Victoria" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Michoacan de Ocampo" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="9D65FD6DFFD2FFEDFBE64703BB0E3F18" box="[1102,1148,1288,1314]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="9D65FD6DFFD2FFEDFB214703BBC43F18" box="[1161,1206,1288,1314]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
; “
<location id="8EBC603FFFD2FFEDFB664703BA013F18" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CA87F2FFD2FFEFFDC140ABBD9F384D:8EBC603FFFD2FFEDFB664703BA013F18" box="[1230,1395,1288,1314]" country="Mexico" name="Villa Victoria" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" stateProvince="Michoacan de Ocampo">Villa Victoria</location>
.
<date id="FFDD1024FFD2FFEDFF154720BE333F7C" box="[189,321,1323,1350]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" value="1995-08-31">
<collectingDate id="EF99E9CCFFD2FFEDFF154720BE333F7C" box="[189,321,1323,1350]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" value="1995-08-31">
31-VIII-
<quantity id="4C9B9B01FFD2FFEDFE8B4720BE333F7C" box="[291,321,1323,1350]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5155" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" unit="m" value="95.155">95</quantity>
</collectingDate>
</date>
.
<elevation id="004ED1D7FFD2FFEDFEE44720BEDB3F7F" box="[332,425,1323,1350]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">1550 m</elevation>
”;
<collectionCode id="ED72AE21FFD2FFEDFE694720BD7A3F7F" box="[449,520,1323,1349]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">VMC</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDC36E4FFD2FFEDFF154766BE2F3FBD" blockId="44.[189,349,1389,1415]" box="[189,349,1389,1415]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<heading id="D0948188FFD2FFEDFF154766BE2F3FBD" bold="true" box="[189,349,1389,1415]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFD2FFEDFF154766BE2F3FBD" bold="true" box="[189,349,1389,1415]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Type locality</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDC36E4FFD2FFEDFF154797BD363F8C" blockId="44.[189,580,1436,1462]" box="[189,580,1436,1462]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<collectingCountry id="F3747674FFD2FFEDFF154797BE683F8C" box="[189,282,1436,1462]" name="Mexico" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Mexico</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="49A7F806FFD2FFEDFE8D4797BED83F8C" box="[293,426,1436,1462]" country="Mexico" name="Michoacan de Ocampo" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Michoacán</collectingRegion>
, Coalcomán.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C379656FFFD2FFEFFF1547D6BA553B7D" lastPageId="46" lastPageNumber="47" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BDC36E4FFD2FFEDFF1547D6BE3C3FCD" blockId="44.[189,334,1501,1527]" box="[189,334,1501,1527]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<heading id="D0948188FFD2FFEDFF1547D6BE3C3FCD" bold="true" box="[189,334,1501,1527]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFD2FFEDFF1547D6BE3C3FCD" bold="true" box="[189,334,1501,1527]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Description</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDC36E4FFD2FFEDFF424407BE8D3C1D" blockId="44.[189,511,1548,1610]" box="[234,511,1548,1575]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFD2FFEDFF424407BE0F3C1C" bold="true" box="[234,381,1548,1574]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Major male</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="54D88846FFD2FFEDFE254407BE853C1D" box="[397,503,1548,1575]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDC36E4FFD2FFEDFF154424BE033C70" blockId="44.[189,511,1548,1610]" box="[189,369,1583,1610]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
Length
<quantity id="4C9B9B01FFD2FFEDFEBF443BBE1F3C70" box="[279,365,1584,1610]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="18.0">18 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDC36E4FFD2FFEDFF154479BE073CCC" blockId="44.[188,1399,1649,1782]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
HEAD. Clypeus bidentate, black on anterior margin, dark metallic blue-green on posterior portion, roughened sculpture. Genae dark metallic blue-green, with roughened sculpture. Front dark metallic blue-green on portions adjacent to cephalic horn. Cephalic horn black, curved posteriorly over pronotum (
<figureCitation id="13582A61FFD2FFEDFF6C44D0BE573CCC" box="[196,293,1755,1782]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[189,232,1786,1812]" captionTargetBox="[260,1330,265,1758]" captionTargetId="figure-104@9.[257,1330,265,1765]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 2. Lateral view of males within the Phanaeus endymion species group. A. Phanaeus chiapanecus sp. nov. (TAMU). B. Phanaeus endymion Harold, 1863 (VMC). C. Phanaeus funereus Balthasar, 1939 stat. rev. (VMC). D. Phanaeus jackenioi sp. nov. (UVGC). E. Phanaeus malyi Arnaud, 2002 (VMC). F. Phanaeus olsoufieffi Balthasar, 1939 stat. rev. (VMC). G. Phanaeus pacificus sp. nov. (UVGC). H. Phanaeus panamensis sp. nov. (TAMU). I. Phanaeus porioni Arnaud, 2001 stat. rev. (VMC). J. Phanaeus pyrois Bates, 1887, green morph (VMC). K. Phanaeus rzedowskii sp. nov. (TAMU). L. Phanaeus zapotecus Edmonds, 2006 (VMC)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4836752" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4836752/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Figs 2K</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13582A61FFD2FFEDFE9A44D7BE1A3CCC" box="[306,360,1756,1782]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="45.[189,232,1998,2024]" captionTargetBox="[220,1360,1157,1946]" captionTargetId="figure-204@45.[189,1399,1157,1960]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="Fig. 13. Phanaeus rzedowskii sp. nov. A. Holotype, ♂ (TAMU). B. ♀ (VMC)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4836792" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4836792/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">13A</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDC36E4FFD2FFECFF154515BE053B7C" blockId="44.[188,1399,1821,2025]" lastBlockId="45.[189,1398,265,326]" lastPageId="45" lastPageNumber="46" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
PRONOTUM. Uniformly dark metallic blue-green, becoming completely black on and beneath lateral margins of posterolateral angles, and on posterior margin. Keel absent in the middle of anterior pronotal margin. Disc triangular, flat, with two distinctly developed tubercles on anterior portion. Triangle lightly granulate, with midline superficially impressed, scabriculous, impunctate. Sides with smooth sculpture, scabriculous, with superficially impressed punctures. Lateral lines of pronotal triangle straight. Posterolateral angles sharply acute, projected posteriorly. Lateral fossae distinctly impressed. Basal fossae obtusely oval, distinctly impressed. Posterior margin with superficially impressed punctures (
<figureCitation id="13582A61FFD3FFECFF6D4327BE553B7C" box="[197,295,300,326]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[189,232,1786,1812]" captionTargetBox="[260,1330,265,1758]" captionTargetId="figure-104@9.[257,1330,265,1765]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 2. Lateral view of males within the Phanaeus endymion species group. A. Phanaeus chiapanecus sp. nov. (TAMU). B. Phanaeus endymion Harold, 1863 (VMC). C. Phanaeus funereus Balthasar, 1939 stat. rev. (VMC). D. Phanaeus jackenioi sp. nov. (UVGC). E. Phanaeus malyi Arnaud, 2002 (VMC). F. Phanaeus olsoufieffi Balthasar, 1939 stat. rev. (VMC). G. Phanaeus pacificus sp. nov. (UVGC). H. Phanaeus panamensis sp. nov. (TAMU). I. Phanaeus porioni Arnaud, 2001 stat. rev. (VMC). J. Phanaeus pyrois Bates, 1887, green morph (VMC). K. Phanaeus rzedowskii sp. nov. (TAMU). L. Phanaeus zapotecus Edmonds, 2006 (VMC)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4836752" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4836752/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Figs 2K</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13582A61FFD3FFECFE9B4327BE183B7C" box="[307,362,300,326]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="45.[189,232,1998,2024]" captionTargetBox="[220,1360,1157,1946]" captionTargetId="figure-204@45.[189,1399,1157,1960]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="Fig. 13. Phanaeus rzedowskii sp. nov. A. Holotype, ♂ (TAMU). B. ♀ (VMC)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4836792" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4836792/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">13A</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDC36E4FFD3FFECFF154365BC953BF4" blockId="45.[189,1399,366,463]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
ELYTRA. Fine striae, dark blue-green, with superficially impressed punctures, scabriculous, impressed basally as distinct fossae. Interstriae black, scabriculous, partially roughened, with superficially impressed punctures. Sutural margin without apical tooth (
<figureCitation id="13582A61FFD3FFECFCC543BFBCA83BF4" box="[877,986,436,462]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="45.[189,232,1998,2024]" captionTargetBox="[220,1360,1157,1946]" captionTargetId="figure-204@45.[189,1399,1157,1960]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="Fig. 13. Phanaeus rzedowskii sp. nov. A. Holotype, ♂ (TAMU). B. ♀ (VMC)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4836792" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4836792/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Fig. 13A</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDC36E4FFD3FFECFF1543FDBDCA3835" blockId="45.[189,696,501,528]" box="[189,696,501,528]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">PROTIBIAE. Quadridentate with apical spine.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDC36E4FFD3FFECFF15403CBDE4384E" blockId="45.[189,1399,567,629]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">TERGITE VIII. Dark metallic blue-green, scabriculous; with rough, superficially impressed punctures. Basal margin with setae variable in size.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDC36E4FFD3FFECFF154097BCAA38C6" blockId="45.[189,1398,667,764]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
GENITALIA. Right lobe of endophallite copulatrix more developed than left lobe. Right lobe obtusely triangular in shape, sharply acute frontally, rounded superiorly. Left lobe strongly developed, obtusely lobed. Central ridge more developed than central column (
<figureCitation id="13582A61FFD3FFECFCC440E9BCBB38C6" box="[876,969,738,764]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[189,232,1681,1707]" captionTargetBox="[334,1251,265,1642]" captionTargetId="figure-153@8.[333,1254,265,1655]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 1. Endophallite copulatrix of the Phanaeus endymion species group (except for P. arletteae Arnaud, 2018). A. Phanaeus bravoensis Moctezuma, Sánchez-Huerta &amp; Halffter, 2017 (IEXA). B. Phanaeus chiapanecus sp. nov. (TAMU). C. Phanaeus edmondsi Moctezuma, Deloya &amp; Halffter, 2019 (IEXA). D. Phanaeus endymion Harold, 1863 (VMC). E. Phanaeus funereus Balthasar, 1939 stat. rev. (VMC). F. Phanaeus halffterorum Edmonds, 1979 (TAMU). G. Phanaeus huichol Moctezuma, Sánchez- Huerta &amp; Halffter, 2017 (IEXA). H. Phanaeus jackenioi sp. nov. (UVGC). I. Phanaeus malyi Arnaud, 2002 (VMC). J. Phanaeus olsoufieffi Balthasar, 1939 stat. rev. (VMC). K. Phanaeus pacificus sp. nov. (UVGC). L. Phanaeus panamensis sp. nov. (TAMU). M. Phanaeus porioni Arnaud, 2001 stat. rev. (VMC). N. Phanaeus pyrois Bates, 1887 (VMC).O. Phanaeus rzedowskii sp. nov. (TAMU).P. Phanaeus zapotecus Edmonds, 2006 (VMC). Q. Phanaeus zoque Moctezuma &amp; Halffter, 2017 (IEXA)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4836748" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4836748/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Fig. 1O</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDC36E4FFD3FFECFF424128BE0F3907" blockId="45.[189,381,803,864]" box="[234,381,803,829]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFD3FFECFF424128BE0F3907" bold="true" box="[234,381,803,829]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Minor male</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDC36E4FFD3FFECFF15414DBE4B395A" blockId="45.[189,381,803,864]" box="[189,313,838,864]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Unknown.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDC36E4FFD3FFECFF424183BE373998" blockId="45.[186,1400,904,1107]" box="[234,325,904,930]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFD3FFECFF424183BE373998" bold="true" box="[234,325,904,930]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Female</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDC36E4FFD3FFECFF1541A0BA1E3E68" blockId="45.[186,1400,904,1107]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
Similar to the male, except for the head showing a cephalic trituberculate carina; with almost aligned, conical tubercles, similar in size tubercles; frons distinctly impressed, rough punctures; pronotal sculpture completely smooth, with superficially impressed punctures; colour of pronotum as in
<taxonomicName id="4C634D67FFD3FFECFB7341F9BA1C3E31" authorityName="Harold. Ex-Mus" authorityYear="1863" box="[1243,1390,1009,1035]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Phanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="endymion">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFD3FFECFB7341F9BA1C3E31" box="[1243,1390,1009,1035]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">P. endymion</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; pronotal process trituberculate, posteriorly concave; dentiform middle tubercle, strongly developed, more frontally projected than lateral tubercles; almost completely reduced lateral tubercles (
<figureCitation id="13582A61FFD3FFECFB5B4633BA2D3E68" box="[1267,1375,1080,1106]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="45.[189,232,1998,2024]" captionTargetBox="[220,1360,1157,1946]" captionTargetId="figure-204@45.[189,1399,1157,1960]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="Fig. 13. Phanaeus rzedowskii sp. nov. A. Holotype, ♂ (TAMU). B. ♀ (VMC)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4836792" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4836792/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Fig. 13B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF1C666CFFD3FFECFF1545C5BB233DD3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4836792" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4836792" box="[189,1105,1998,2025]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4836792/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" startId="45.[189,232,1998,2024]" targetBox="[220,1360,1157,1946]" targetPageId="45">
<paragraph id="8BDC36E4FFD3FFECFF1545C5BB233DD3" blockId="45.[189,1105,1998,2025]" box="[189,1105,1998,2025]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFD3FFECFF1545C5BE6B3DD2" bold="true" box="[189,281,1998,2024]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Fig. 13.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C634D67FFD3FFECFE8845C5BD6A3DD2" authority="Moctezuma &amp; Halffter, 2021" authorityName="Moctezuma &amp; Halffter" authorityYear="2021" box="[288,536,1998,2024]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Phanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rzedowskii" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFD3FFECFE8845C5BD6A3DD2" box="[288,536,1998,2024]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Phanaeus rzedowskii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A224578DFFD3FFECFD8845C4BD093DD3" box="[544,635,1999,2025]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFD3FFECFD2845C5BDE73DD2" bold="true" box="[640,661,1998,2024]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">A</emphasis>
. Holotype, ♂ (TAMU).
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFD3FFECFC1B45C4BCB53DD3" bold="true" box="[947,967,1999,2025]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">B</emphasis>
. ♀ (VMC).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BDC36E4FFD0FFEFFF424303BE123B18" blockId="46.[189,1319,264,328]" box="[234,352,264,290]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFD0FFEFFF424303BE123B18" bold="true" box="[234,352,264,290]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Variation</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDC36E4FFD0FFEFFF154325BA553B7D" blockId="46.[189,1319,264,328]" box="[189,1319,301,328]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
Mean length
<quantity id="4C9B9B01FFD0FFEFFEF04326BEB23B72" box="[344,448,301,328]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7399999999999998" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" unit="mm" value="17.4">17.4 mm</quantity>
(
<quantity id="4C9B9B01FFD0FFEFFE784326BDF33B72" box="[464,641,301,328]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.735" metricValueMax="1.8199999999999998" metricValueMin="1.65" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" unit="mm" value="17.35" valueMax="18.2" valueMin="16.5">16.5–18.2 mm</quantity>
). Chromatic variation was not observed in the
<typeStatus id="54D88846FFD0FFEFFB0B4325BBA43B72" box="[1187,1238,302,328]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">type</typeStatus>
series.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C379656FFFD0FFEFFF15437BBC513B81" box="[189,803,368,443]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BDC36E4FFD0FFEFFF15437BBE243BB0" blockId="46.[189,342,368,394]" box="[189,342,368,394]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
<heading id="D0948188FFD0FFEFFF15437BBE243BB0" bold="true" box="[189,342,368,394]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFD0FFEFFF15437BBE243BB0" bold="true" box="[189,342,368,394]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Distribution</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDC36E4FFD0FFEFFF1543ABBC513B81" blockId="46.[189,803,416,443]" box="[189,803,416,443]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
Sierra Madre del Sur, southern
<collectingRegion id="49A7F806FFD0FFEFFD8443ABBDDC3B80" box="[556,686,416,442]" country="Mexico" name="Michoacan de Ocampo" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Michoacán</collectingRegion>
(
<figureCitation id="13582A61FFD0FFEFFD1643ABBC673B81" box="[702,789,416,443]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="50.[189,232,1890,1916]" captionTargetBox="[193,1392,927,1854]" captionTargetId="figure-235@50.[189,1398,924,1857]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="Fig. 15. Distribution of the Phanaeus endymion species group in North and Central America (in part). Phanaeus bravoensis Moctezuma, Sánchez-Huerta &amp; Halffter, 2017;P. edmondsi Moctezuma, Deloya &amp; Halffter, 2019; P. halffterorum Edmonds, 1979; and P. huichol Moctezuma, Sánchez-Huerta &amp; Halffter, 2017 by Jose Luis Sánchez-Huerta." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4836796" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4836796/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C379656FFFD0FFEFFF1543E8BD9F384D" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BDC36E4FFD0FFEFFF1543E8BE5D3BC7" blockId="46.[189,303,483,509]" box="[189,303,483,509]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
<heading id="D0948188FFD0FFEFFF1543E8BE5D3BC7" bold="true" box="[189,303,483,509]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFD0FFEFFF1543E8BE5D3BC7" bold="true" box="[189,303,483,509]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Remarks</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDC36E4FFD0FFEFFF154018BD9F384D" blockId="46.[188,1399,531,631]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
This new species was previously confused with
<taxonomicName id="4C634D67FFD0FFEFFC89401FBBE63817" authority="(Edmonds 1994)" baseAuthorityName="Edmonds" baseAuthorityYear="1994" box="[801,1172,531,557]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Phanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="endymion">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFD0FFEFFC89401FBCC53817" box="[801,951,531,557]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">P. endymion</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFF24B15FFD0FFEFFC654018BBF93817" author="Edmonds W. D." box="[973,1163,531,557]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" pagination="1 - 105" refId="ref37487" refString="Edmonds W. D. 1994. Revision of Phanaeus Macleay, a New World genus of Scarabaeinae dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae, Scarabaeinae). Contributions in Science, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County 443: 1 - 105." type="journal article" year="1994">Edmonds 1994</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. Nevertheless, the distribution areas for
<taxonomicName id="4C634D67FFD0FFEFFE1D4032BD303868" baseAuthorityName="Edmonds" baseAuthorityYear="1994" box="[437,578,568,594]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Phanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="endymion">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFD0FFEFFE1D4032BD303868" box="[437,578,568,594]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">P. endymion</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C634D67FFD0FFEFFDD14032BC603868" authority="Moctezuma &amp; Halffter, 2021" authorityName="Moctezuma &amp; Halffter" authorityYear="2021" box="[633,786,568,594]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Phanaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rzedowskii" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B917EAF6FFD0FFEFFDD14032BC603868" box="[633,786,568,594]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">P. rzedowskii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A224578DFFD0FFEFFCB24033BC063868" box="[794,884,568,594]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
are completely different, and they are easily recognized by external and genital morphology.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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