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<document id="68FAD435C624DC3F3BCA8E9DCB30CD6D" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.383.1.3" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13725223" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1725673261152" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Woźniak-Chodacka, Monika" docDate="2018" docId="03CA330ECB3044518BAAD6C8D4E2C2E3" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.383.1.3.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 383 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.383.1.3" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.13:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="13" docTitle="Oenothera ersteinensis Linder &amp; Jean, Bull. Soc. Bot." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="62" masterDocId="FFF34B76CB3344568B22D03BD671C132" masterDocTitle="A revision of taxonomic relation between Oenothera perangusta and O. ersteinensis (Onagraceae) based on morphometric research and statistical analyses" masterLastPageNumber="74" masterPageNumber="55" pageNumber="58" updateTime="1725684554128" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="05CB142F538FD109026C8A669612B3CB">A revision of taxonomic relation between Oenothera perangusta and O. ersteinensis (Onagraceae) based on morphometric research and statistical analyses</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="B58938373B5BC9F9DFC7F75207D6973A">Woźniak-Chodacka, Monika</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="8D627C286768B43899267E9DEEDB42BB">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="27167716FD5311AA611D803B575D0D79">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="E43EFAB9B67F580651BCDDC713588D45">2018-12-13</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="444A1EA948EE1876E8A571B7F68BB60C">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="B5B96A7B36F1CCB50F4EE11B6058D4AA" type="DOI">10.11646/phytotaxa.383.1.3</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="ECB7B6FD5741EE0C5C1CD7BCBE83E969" type="ISSN">1179-3163</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="743CC2235528BB967D357BC0FB7F77B7" type="Zenodo-Dep">13725223</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03CA330ECB3044518BAAD6C8D4E2C2E3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13725243" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13725243" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CA330ECB3044518BAAD6C8D4E2C2E3" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CA330ECB3044518BAAD6C8D4E2C2E3" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="62" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">
<subSubSection id="C379D193CB3044558BAAD6C8D587C63D" box="[136,1014,1779,1807]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BDC8218CB3044558BAAD6C8D587C63D" blockId="3.[136,1014,1779,1807]" box="[136,1014,1779,1807]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">
<heading id="D0943574CB3044558BAAD6C8D587C63D" box="[136,1014,1779,1807]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" reason="3">
<treatmentCitation id="0AC2A409CB3044558BAAD6C8D580C63D" author="Linder &amp; Jean" box="[136,1009,1779,1807]" journal="Bull. Soc. Bot. France" page="523" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" score="67.94127085788433" volume="116" year="1969">
<taxonomicName id="4C63F99BCB3044558BAAD6C8D49CC63D" ID-CoL="74K2K" authority="Linder &amp; Jean, Bull. Soc. Bot." box="[136,749,1779,1807]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Onagraceae" genus="Oenothera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ersteinensis">
<emphasis id="B9175E0ACB3044558BAAD6C8D7E0C63C" bold="true" box="[136,401,1779,1806]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">Oenothera ersteinensis</emphasis>
Linder &amp; Jean, Bull. Soc. Bot.
</taxonomicName>
<collectingCountry id="F374C288CB30445589D1D6CDD54EC63D" box="[755,831,1782,1807]" name="France" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">France</collectingCountry>
116: 523. 1969
</treatmentCitation>
.
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C379D193CB3044558BAAD727D4D7C6D2" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BDC8218CB3044558BAAD727D43FC667" blockId="3.[136,1452,1820,1877]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">
<materialsCitation id="3B0B8845CB3044558BAAD727D43BC667" collectingDate="1968-07" collectionCode="LILLE" country="France" county="Jean" location="Type" municipality="Erstein" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" specimenCount="2" typeStatus="holotype">
<location id="8EBCD4C3CB3044558BAAD727D6CBC603" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CA330ECB3044518BAAD6C8D4E2C2E3:8EBCD4C3CB3044558BAAD727D6CBC603" box="[136,186,1820,1841]" country="France" county="Jean" municipality="Erstein" name="Type" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">Type</location>
:—
<collectingCountry id="F374C288CB3044558BF4D727D748C603" box="[214,313,1820,1841]" name="France" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">FRANCE</collectingCountry>
.
<location id="8EBCD4C3CB3044558A61D727D7D3C603" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CA330ECB3044518BAAD6C8D4E2C2E3:8EBCD4C3CB3044558A61D727D7D3C603" box="[323,418,1820,1841]" country="France" county="Jean" municipality="Erstein" name="Bas-Rhin" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">Bas-Rhin</location>
:
<collectingMunicipality id="6BB81862CB3044558A8ED727D783C603" box="[428,498,1820,1841]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">Erstein</collectingMunicipality>
, at junction of national road 83 with 426 [cultivated from seeds],
<date id="FFDDA4D8CB3044558F5FD727D2AEC603" box="[1149,1247,1820,1841]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" value="1968-07">
<collectingDate id="EF995D30CB3044558F5FD727D2AEC603" box="[1149,1247,1820,1841]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" value="1968-07">July 1968</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B9175E0ACB3044558FC9D727D330C603" box="[1259,1345,1820,1841]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">
<collectingCounty id="62BDFA94CB3044558FC9D727D369C603" box="[1259,1304,1820,1841]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">Jean</collectingCounty>
s.n.
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="54D83CBACB3044558E6DD727D3D9C603" box="[1359,1448,1820,1841]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
:
<collectionCode id="ED721ADDCB3044558B9FD77BD772C667" box="[189,259,1856,1877]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13288" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13288" name="Institut Catholique de Lille" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" type="Herbarium">LILLE</collectionCode>
;
<typeStatus id="54D83CBACB3044558A2FD77BD712C667" box="[269,355,1856,1877]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
: STR-40811!).
<figureCitation id="13589E9DCB3044558AD5D77BD43BC667" box="[503,586,1856,1877]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[136,229,2029,2050]" captionTargetBox="[261,1327,190,2004]" captionTargetId="figure-16@6.[261,1327,190,2004]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. The paratype of Oenothera ersteinensis Linder &amp; Jean (STR-40811)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13725231" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13725231/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">Figure 3</figureCitation>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDC8218CB3044558BAAD744D4D7C6D2" blockId="3.[136,1451,1919,2088]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">
<emphasis id="B9175E0ACB3044558BAAD744D722C6AA" bold="true" box="[136,339,1919,1944]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">Genetic features:</emphasis>
—Number of chromosomes: 2n=14; Renner’s complexes combination:
<specimenCount id="9D654991CB3044558F4FD744D2F3C6AA" box="[1133,1154,1919,1944]" count="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
<emphasis id="B9175E0ACB3044558FA0D744D2BCC6AA" box="[1154,1229,1919,1944]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">cruens</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="9D654991CB3044558FF0D744D296C6AA" box="[1234,1255,1919,1944]" count="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
<emphasis id="B9175E0ACB3044558FC5D744D35BC6AA" box="[1255,1322,1919,1944]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">virens</emphasis>
; catenation figure: ring of 14 chromosomes (
<bibRefCitation id="EFF2FFE9CB3044558921D798D49FC68E" author="Linder, R. &amp; Jean, R." box="[515,750,1955,1980]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" pagination="523 - 529" refId="ref11519" refString="Linder, R. &amp; Jean, R. (1969) Oenothera ersteinensis, espece nouvelle. Acta Botanica Gallica 116: 523 - 529. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00378941.1969.10838694" type="journal article" year="1969">Linder &amp; Jean 1969</bibRefCitation>
); permanent translocation heterozygote (
<collectionCode id="ED721ADDCB3044558F9DD798D28BC68E" box="[1215,1274,1955,1980]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13854" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13854" name="Perth Museum and Art Gallery" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" type="Herbarium">PTH</collectionCode>
); main
<typeStatus id="54D83CBACB3044558E72D798D3FAC68E" box="[1360,1419,1955,1980]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">types</typeStatus>
of genomes combination: AB (
<bibRefCitation id="EFF2FFE9CB3044558AE3D7FCD4EBC6D2" author="Dietrich, W. &amp; Wagner, W. L. &amp; Raven, P. H." box="[449,666,1991,2016]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" pagination="1 - 234" refId="ref10864" refString="Dietrich, W., Wagner, W. L. &amp; Raven, P. H. (1997) Systematics of Oenothera section Oenothera subsection Oenothera (Onagraceae). Systematic Botany Monographs 50: 1 - 234. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2307 / 25027870" type="journal article" year="1997">
Dietrich
<emphasis id="B9175E0ACB3044558904D7FCD426C6D2" box="[550,599,1991,2016]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">et al</emphasis>
1997
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C379D193CB3044518B9FD7D0D4E2C2E3" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="62" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BDC8218CB3044558B9FD7D0D7BEC91A" blockId="3.[136,1451,1919,2088]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">
<emphasis id="B9175E0ACB3044558B9FD7D0D728C936" bold="true" box="[189,345,2027,2052]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">Distribution:</emphasis>
—Western and Central Europe:
<collectingCountry id="F374C288CB304455899DD7D0D57FC936" box="[703,782,2027,2052]" name="France" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">France</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F374C288CB304455883AD7D0D5F0C936" box="[792,897,2027,2052]" name="Germany" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">Germany</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F374C288CB30445588AFD7D0D59CC936" box="[909,1005,2027,2052]" name="Belgium" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">Belgium</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="F374C288CB3044558F01D7D0D2D8C936" box="[1059,1193,2027,2052]" name="Switzerland" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">Switzerland</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFF2FFE9CB3044558F95D7D0D3D6C936" author="Rostanski, K. &amp; Rostanski, A. &amp; Gerold-Smietanska, I. &amp; Wasowicz, P." box="[1207,1447,2027,2052]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" refId="ref12189" refString="Rostanski, K., Rostanski, A., Gerold-Smietanska, I. &amp; Wasowicz, P. (2010) Evening-primroses (Oenothera) occurring in Europe. W. Szafer Institute of Botany, PAS, Katowice-Krakow, 157 pp." type="book" year="2010">
Rostański
<emphasis id="B9175E0ACB3044558E0CD7D0D317C936" box="[1326,1382,2027,2052]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="58">et al.</emphasis>
2010
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFF2FFE9CB3044558BAAD834D7B2C91A" author="Rostanski, K. &amp; Verloove, P." box="[136,451,2063,2088]" pageId="3" pageNumber="58" pagination="12 - 42" refId="ref12101" refString="Rostanski, K. &amp; Verloove, P. (2015) The genus Oenothera (Onagraceae) in Belgium. Dumortiera 106: 12 - 42." type="journal article" year="2015">Rostański &amp; Verloove 2015</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF1CD290CB3744528BAAD7D6D511C930" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13725225" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13725225" box="[136,864,2029,2050]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13725225/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" startId="4.[136,229,2029,2050]" targetBox="[167,1420,187,2001]" targetPageId="4" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BDC8218CB3744528BAAD7D6D511C930" blockId="4.[136,864,2029,2050]" box="[136,864,2029,2050]" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">
<emphasis id="B9175E0ACB3744528BAAD7D6D68FC930" bold="true" box="[136,254,2029,2050]" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
The holotype of
<taxonomicName id="4C63F99BCB3744528A81D7D6D4C9C930" authority="Gates" authorityName="Gates, Canad. Field-Naturalist" authorityYear="1950" box="[419,696,2029,2050]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Onagraceae" genus="Oenothera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="4" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="perangusta">
<emphasis id="B9175E0ACB3744528A81D7D6D40AC930" box="[419,635,2029,2050]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="59">Oenothera perangusta</emphasis>
Gates
</taxonomicName>
(GH-00073029).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF1CD290CB3644538BAAD7D6D241C930" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13725229" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13725229" box="[136,1072,2029,2050]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13725229/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" startId="5.[136,229,2029,2050]" targetBox="[175,1413,190,2004]" targetPageId="5" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BDC8218CB3644538BAAD7D6D241C930" blockId="5.[136,1072,2029,2050]" box="[136,1072,2029,2050]" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">
<emphasis id="B9175E0ACB3644538BAAD7D6D68FC930" bold="true" box="[136,254,2029,2050]" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
The holotype of
<taxonomicName id="4C63F99BCB3644538A81D7D6D5F9C930" authority="Gates" authorityName="Gates, Canad. Field-Naturalist" authorityYear="1950" box="[419,904,2029,2050]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Onagraceae" genus="Oenothera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="5" pageNumber="60" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="perangusta" variety="rubricalyx">
<emphasis id="B9175E0ACB3644538A81D7D6D40AC930" box="[419,635,2029,2050]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">Oenothera perangusta</emphasis>
Gates var.
<emphasis id="B9175E0ACB36445389C5D7D6D53AC930" box="[743,843,2029,2050]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="60">rubricalyx</emphasis>
Gates
</taxonomicName>
(GH-00073030).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF1CD290CB3544508BAAD7D6D5EAC930" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13725231" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13725231" box="[136,923,2029,2050]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13725231/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="61" startId="6.[136,229,2029,2050]" targetBox="[261,1327,190,2004]" targetPageId="6" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BDC8218CB3544508BAAD7D6D5EAC930" blockId="6.[136,923,2029,2050]" box="[136,923,2029,2050]" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">
<emphasis id="B9175E0ACB3544508BAAD7D6D68FC930" bold="true" box="[136,254,2029,2050]" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
The paratype of
<taxonomicName id="4C63F99BCB3544508A83D7D6D57EC930" authority="Linder &amp; Jean" authorityName="Linder &amp; Jean" box="[417,783,2029,2050]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Onagraceae" genus="Oenothera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="6" pageNumber="61" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ersteinensis">
<emphasis id="B9175E0ACB3544508A83D7D6D40EC930" box="[417,639,2029,2050]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="61">Oenothera ersteinensis</emphasis>
Linder &amp; Jean
</taxonomicName>
(STR-40811).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BDC8218CB3444518B9FD09BD5D7C017" blockId="7.[136,1452,160,977]" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">
Representatives of the American school of taxonomy treat the names
<taxonomicName id="4C63F99BCB344451888BD09BD23DC18B" box="[937,1100,160,185]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Onagraceae" genus="Oenothera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ersteinensis">
<emphasis id="B9175E0ACB344451888BD09BD23DC18B" box="[937,1100,160,185]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">O. ersteinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C63F99BCB3444518F5FD09BD36BC18B" authorityName="Gates, Canad. Field-Naturalist" authorityYear="1950" box="[1149,1306,160,185]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Onagraceae" genus="Oenothera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="perangusta">
<emphasis id="B9175E0ACB3444518F5FD09BD36BC18B" box="[1149,1306,160,185]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">O. perangusta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as synonyms assigned to separate and distinct species within subsect.
<taxonomicName id="4C63F99BCB34445189DDD0FFD506C1EF" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" box="[767,887,196,221]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Onagraceae" genus="Oenothera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9175E0ACB34445189DDD0FFD506C1EF" box="[767,887,196,221]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">Oenothera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C63F99BCB34445188A6D0FFD589C1EF" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" box="[900,1016,196,221]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Onagraceae" genus="Oenothera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="biennis">
<emphasis id="B9175E0ACB34445188A6D0FFD589C1EF" box="[900,1016,196,221]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">O. biennis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A224E371CB34445188DCD0FFD26EC1EF" box="[1022,1055,196,221]" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" sensu="lato">s.l.</taxonomicNameLabel>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C63F99BCB3444518F77D0FFD29BC1EF" authorityName="Robbins ex Watson &amp; Coulter" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[1109,1258,196,221]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Onagraceae" genus="Oenothera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oakesiana">
<emphasis id="B9175E0ACB3444518F77D0FFD29BC1EF" box="[1109,1258,196,221]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">O. oakesiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A224E371CB3444518FD2D0FFD363C1EF" box="[1264,1298,196,221]" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" sensu="lato">s.l.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, respectively. In the opinion of those researchers, both taxa are clearly unlike, not only morphologically but also genetically, due to the different haploid genome
<typeStatus id="54D83CBACB3444518AF1D137D47FC017" box="[467,526,268,293]" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">types</typeStatus>
combinations (
<bibRefCitation id="EFF2FFE9CB3444518998D137D5EBC017" author="Dietrich, W. &amp; Wagner, W. L. &amp; Raven, P. H." box="[698,922,268,293]" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" pagination="1 - 234" refId="ref10864" refString="Dietrich, W., Wagner, W. L. &amp; Raven, P. H. (1997) Systematics of Oenothera section Oenothera subsection Oenothera (Onagraceae). Systematic Botany Monographs 50: 1 - 234. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2307 / 25027870" type="journal article" year="1997">
Dietrich
<emphasis id="B9175E0ACB344451883DD137D526C017" box="[799,855,268,293]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">et al.</emphasis>
1997
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDC8218CB3444518B9FD10BD22BC0A3" blockId="7.[136,1452,160,977]" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">
The analysis of the interpretation of examined taxa by European researchers is much more complicated due to the inconsistent usage of particular names. The only one
<taxonomicName id="4C63F99BCB3444518826D16FD50DC05F" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" box="[772,892,340,365]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Onagraceae" genus="Oenothera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9175E0ACB3444518826D16FD50DC05F" box="[772,892,340,365]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">Oenothera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
taxonomist who conducted research on the whole European continent was K. Rostański and that is why mainly his papers were analyzed.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDC8218CB3444518B9FD1A7D6BEC273" blockId="7.[136,1452,160,977]" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">
In his earlier publications, Rostański used the name
<taxonomicName id="4C63F99BCB3444518832D1A7D5C3C087" authorityName="Gates, Canad. Field-Naturalist" authorityYear="1950" box="[784,946,412,437]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Onagraceae" genus="Oenothera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="perangusta">
<emphasis id="B9175E0ACB3444518832D1A7D5C3C087" box="[784,946,412,437]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">O. perangusta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(without giving any synonyms) in reference to specimens found in
<collectingCountry id="F374C288CB3444518AB6D1FBD7AEC0EB" box="[404,479,448,473]" name="Russia" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">Russia</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFF2FFE9CB3444518AD2D1FBD4D5C0EB" author="Rostanski, K." box="[496,676,448,473]" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" pagination="7 - 35" refId="ref11709" refString="Rostanski, K. (1975) Rozmieszczenie gatunkow rodzaju Oenothera L. z podrodzaju Oenothera w ZSRR. Acta Biologica (Katowice) 90: 7 - 35." type="journal article" year="1975">Rostański 1975</bibRefCitation>
) and
<collectingCountry id="F374C288CB34445189C8D1FBD55FC0EB" box="[746,814,448,473]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">Wales</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFF2FFE9CB344451881DD1FBD225C0EB" author="Rostanski, K. &amp; Ellis, G." box="[831,1108,448,473]" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" pagination="238 - 249" refId="ref11927" refString="Rostanski, K. &amp; Ellis, G. (1979) Evening-Primroses (Oenothera L.) in Wales. Nature in Wales 16 (4): 238 - 249." type="journal article" year="1979">Rostański &amp; Ellis 1979</bibRefCitation>
). In 1985 he proposed a new systematics of subsect.
<taxonomicName id="4C63F99BCB3444518AB4D1DFD47FC0CF" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" box="[406,526,484,509]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Onagraceae" genus="Oenothera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9175E0ACB3444518AB4D1DFD47FC0CF" box="[406,526,484,509]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">Oenothera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, in which
<taxonomicName id="4C63F99BCB34445189A8D1DFD55CC0CF" authorityName="Gates, Canad. Field-Naturalist" authorityYear="1950" box="[650,813,484,509]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Onagraceae" genus="Oenothera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="perangusta">
<emphasis id="B9175E0ACB34445189A8D1DFD55CC0CF" box="[650,813,484,509]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">O. perangusta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C63F99BCB3444518845D1DFD261C0CF" box="[871,1040,484,509]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Onagraceae" genus="Oenothera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ersteinensis">
<emphasis id="B9175E0ACB3444518845D1DFD261C0CF" box="[871,1040,484,509]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">O. ersteinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were treated as one species (within series
<taxonomicName id="4C63F99BCB3444518BF3D233D738C313" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" box="[209,329,520,545]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Onagraceae" genus="Oenothera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9175E0ACB3444518BF3D233D738C313" box="[209,329,520,545]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">Oenothera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) under the name
<taxonomicName id="4C63F99BCB3444518937D233D370C313" authority="(Rydberg 1900: 278) Mackenzie &amp; Bush (1902: 139)" authorityName="Mackenzie &amp; Bush" authorityPageNumber="139" authorityYear="1902" baseAuthorityName="Rydberg" baseAuthorityPageNumber="278" baseAuthorityYear="1900" box="[533,1281,520,545]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Onagraceae" genus="Oenothera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="strigosa">
<emphasis id="B9175E0ACB3444518937D233D4E2C313" box="[533,659,520,545]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">O. strigosa</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFF2FFE9CB3444518986D233D5F0C313" author="Rydberg, A." box="[676,897,520,545]" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" refId="ref12233" refString="Rydberg, A. (1900) Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden, vol. I. The New Era Printing Company, Lancester, PA, New York, 492 pp." type="book" year="1900">Rydberg 1900: 278</bibRefCitation>
)
<bibRefCitation id="EFF2FFE9CB34445188B1D233D370C313" author="Mackenzie, K. K. &amp; Bush, B. F." box="[915,1281,520,545]" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" refId="ref11576" refString="Mackenzie, K. K. &amp; Bush, B. F. (1902) Manual of the flora of Jackson County, Missouri. Kansas City, Mo., 242 pp. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 10756" type="book" year="1902">Mackenzie &amp; Bush (1902: 139)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. After the year 2001, Rostański started to consider
<taxonomicName id="4C63F99BCB3444518930D217D4C6C377" box="[530,695,556,581]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Onagraceae" genus="Oenothera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ersteinensis">
<emphasis id="B9175E0ACB3444518930D217D4C6C377" box="[530,695,556,581]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">O. ersteinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C63F99BCB34445189C9D217D5FBC377" authorityName="Gates, Canad. Field-Naturalist" authorityYear="1950" box="[747,906,556,581]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Onagraceae" genus="Oenothera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="perangusta">
<emphasis id="B9175E0ACB34445189C9D217D5FBC377" box="[747,906,556,581]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">O. perangusta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as separate species:
<taxonomicName id="4C63F99BCB3444518F4FD217D37DC377" authorityName="Gates, Canad. Field-Naturalist" authorityYear="1950" box="[1133,1292,556,581]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Onagraceae" genus="Oenothera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="perangusta">
<emphasis id="B9175E0ACB3444518F4FD217D37DC377" box="[1133,1292,556,581]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">O. perangusta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was supposed to reach Scandinavia and Eastern Europe (
<bibRefCitation id="EFF2FFE9CB3444518943D26BD50FC35B" author="Rostanski, K. &amp; Ramst, U." box="[609,894,592,617]" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" pagination="44 - 57" refId="ref11960" refString="Rostanski, K. &amp; Ramst, U. (2001) The distribution of Oenothera L. in Estonia. Eesti Loodsmuuseumi Toid 4: 44 - 57." type="journal article" year="2001">Rostański &amp; Ramst 2001</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFF2FFE9CB34445188AAD26BD206C35B" author="Rostanski, K. &amp; Dzhus, M. &amp; Gudzinskas, Z. &amp; Rostanski, A. &amp; Shevera, M. &amp; Sulcs, V. &amp; Tokhtar, V." box="[904,1143,592,617]" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" refId="ref12129" refString="Rostanski, K., Dzhus, M., Gudzinskas, Z., Rostanski, A., Shevera, M., Sulcs, V. &amp; Tokhtar, V. (2004) The genus Oenothera L. in Eastern Europe. W. Szafer Institute of Botany, PAS, Krakow, 134 pp." type="book" year="2004">
Rostański
<emphasis id="B9175E0ACB34445188DCD26BD247C35B" box="[1022,1078,592,617]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">et al.</emphasis>
2004
</bibRefCitation>
, Rostański 2006,
<bibRefCitation id="EFF2FFE9CB3444518E1FD26BD737C3BF" author="Rostanski, K. &amp; Rostanski, A. &amp; Gerold-Smietanska, I. &amp; Wasowicz, P." pageId="7" pageNumber="62" refId="ref12189" refString="Rostanski, K., Rostanski, A., Gerold-Smietanska, I. &amp; Wasowicz, P. (2010) Evening-primroses (Oenothera) occurring in Europe. W. Szafer Institute of Botany, PAS, Katowice-Krakow, 157 pp." type="book" year="2010">Rostański &amp; Karlsson 2010</bibRefCitation>
) whereas the range of
<taxonomicName id="4C63F99BCB344451891FD24FD49FC3BF" box="[573,750,628,653]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Onagraceae" genus="Oenothera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ersteienensis">
<emphasis id="B9175E0ACB344451891FD24FD49FC3BF" box="[573,750,628,653]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">O. ersteienensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was thought to be limited to Western Europe mostly (
<bibRefCitation id="EFF2FFE9CB3444518E19D24FD73BC383" author="Rostanski, K. &amp; Meierott, L." pageId="7" pageNumber="62" pagination="19 - 23" refId="ref11990" refString="Rostanski, K. &amp; Meierott, L. (2006) Zur Gattung Oenothera L. in Franken - mit besonderer Berucksichtigung von Oenothera stucchii Soldano (neu fur Deutschland). The Genus Oenothera in Franconia - with special reference to Oenothera stucchii Soldano (new for Germany). Forum geobotanicum 2: 19 - 23." type="journal article" year="2006">Rostański &amp; Meierott 2006</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFF2FFE9CB3444518A75D2A3D47AC383" author="Rostanski, K." box="[343,523,664,689]" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" pagination="329 - 339" refId="ref11882" refString="Rostanski, K. (2007) Oenothera (Onagraceae) In: Haeupler, H. &amp; Muer, T. (Eds.) Bildatlas der Farn-und Blutenpflanzen Deutschlands. Verlag Eugen Ulmer KG, Stuttgart, pp. 329 - 339." type="book chapter" year="2007">Rostański 2007</bibRefCitation>
). However, roughly at the same time, Rostański came back to the conclusion that both names refer to the same taxon (
<bibRefCitation id="EFF2FFE9CB3444518919D287D483C3E7" author="Rostanski, K." box="[571,754,700,725]" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" pagination="6 - 7" refId="ref11774" refString="Rostanski, K. (1995) Rodzaj Oenothera L. (Wiesiolek) w Europie. In: Zbior prac II Sympozjum n. t. Olej z nasion wiesiolka w profilaktyce i terapii. pp. 6 - 12. [Lodz. 6 - 7 X 1995]" type="book chapter" year="1995">Rostański 1995</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFF2FFE9CB3444518823D287D5C6C3E7" author="Rostanski, K." box="[769,951,700,725]" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" pagination="329 - 339" refId="ref11882" refString="Rostanski, K. (2007) Oenothera (Onagraceae) In: Haeupler, H. &amp; Muer, T. (Eds.) Bildatlas der Farn-und Blutenpflanzen Deutschlands. Verlag Eugen Ulmer KG, Stuttgart, pp. 329 - 339." type="book chapter" year="2007">Rostański 2007</bibRefCitation>
). Finally, in his latest papers, the status of
<taxonomicName id="4C63F99BCB3444518BAAD2DBD741C3CB" box="[136,304,736,761]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Onagraceae" genus="Oenothera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ersteinensis">
<emphasis id="B9175E0ACB3444518BAAD2DBD741C3CB" box="[136,304,736,761]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">O. ersteinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C63F99BCB3444518A49D2DBD47CC3CB" authorityName="Gates, Canad. Field-Naturalist" authorityYear="1950" box="[363,525,736,761]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Onagraceae" genus="Oenothera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="perangusta">
<emphasis id="B9175E0ACB3444518A49D2DBD47CC3CB" box="[363,525,736,761]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">O. perangusta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is quite unclear; they are considered as separate, but “possible identical” species (
<bibRefCitation id="EFF2FFE9CB3444518BB2D33FD7F4C22F" author="Rostanski, K. &amp; Rostanski, A. &amp; Gerold-Smietanska, I. &amp; Wasowicz, P." box="[144,389,772,797]" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" refId="ref12189" refString="Rostanski, K., Rostanski, A., Gerold-Smietanska, I. &amp; Wasowicz, P. (2010) Evening-primroses (Oenothera) occurring in Europe. W. Szafer Institute of Botany, PAS, Katowice-Krakow, 157 pp." type="book" year="2010">
Rostański
<emphasis id="B9175E0ACB3444518A2AD33FD733C22F" box="[264,322,772,797]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">et al.</emphasis>
2010
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFF2FFE9CB3444518AB3D33FD4A1C22F" author="Rostanski, K. &amp; Verloove, P." box="[401,720,772,797]" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" pagination="12 - 42" refId="ref12101" refString="Rostanski, K. &amp; Verloove, P. (2015) The genus Oenothera (Onagraceae) in Belgium. Dumortiera 106: 12 - 42." type="journal article" year="2015">Rostański &amp; Verloove 2015</bibRefCitation>
). Such unstable treatment leads to taxonomic and nomenclatural chaos.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDC8218CB3444518B9FD377D4E2C2E3" blockId="7.[136,1452,160,977]" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">
In this paper I present the results of morphometric research and statistical analyses performed on specimens labelled as
<taxonomicName id="4C63F99BCB3444518A25D34BD7D9C2BB" authorityName="Gates, Canad. Field-Naturalist" authorityYear="1950" box="[263,424,880,905]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Onagraceae" genus="Oenothera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="perangusta">
<emphasis id="B9175E0ACB3444518A25D34BD7D9C2BB" box="[263,424,880,905]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">O. perangusta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C63F99BCB3444518A95D34BD577C2BB" authorityName="Gates, Canad. Field-Naturalist" authorityYear="1950" box="[439,774,880,905]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Onagraceae" genus="Oenothera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="perangusta" variety="rubricalyx">
<emphasis id="B9175E0ACB3444518A95D34BD429C2BB" box="[439,600,880,905]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">O. perangusta</emphasis>
var.
<emphasis id="B9175E0ACB34445189B3D34BD577C2BB" box="[657,774,880,905]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">rubricalyx</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(including the
<typeStatus id="54D83CBACB3444518890D34BD250C2BB" box="[946,1057,880,905]" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" type="holotype">holotypes</typeStatus>
) and
<taxonomicName id="4C63F99BCB3444518F42D34BD377C2BB" box="[1120,1286,880,905]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Onagraceae" genus="Oenothera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ersteinensis">
<emphasis id="B9175E0ACB3444518F42D34BD377C2BB" box="[1120,1286,880,905]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">O. ersteinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(including the
<typeStatus id="54D83CBACB3444518BAAD3AFD69FC29F" box="[136,238,916,941]" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
). European representatives of two distant species—
<taxonomicName id="4C63F99BCB344451880AD3AFD5CAC29F" authorityName="Robbins ex Watson &amp; Coulter" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[808,955,916,941]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Onagraceae" genus="Oenothera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oakesiana">
<emphasis id="B9175E0ACB344451880AD3AFD5CAC29F" box="[808,955,916,941]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">O. oakesiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C63F99BCB34445188CDD3AFD210C29F" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" box="[1007,1121,916,941]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Onagraceae" genus="Oenothera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="7" pageNumber="62" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="biennis">
<emphasis id="B9175E0ACB34445188CDD3AFD210C29F" box="[1007,1121,916,941]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="62">O. biennis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, have served as a background to show the relations between the studied taxa.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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