treatments-xml/data/03/C1/87/03C187D2BA09E4103750CD0FFB25BD10.xml

<document id="6BE3EB7365B336C13D0DF63BBCF99C17" ID-CLB-Dataset="57822" ID-DOI="10.1645/19-14" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a78c8cda-924c-4cfa-8d5e-d72057d8dfce" ID-ISSN="1937-2345" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7752798" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1679077678642" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Aguilar-Aguilar, R., Ruiz-Campos, G., Martorelli, S., Montes, M. M. &amp; Martínez-Aquino, A." docDate="2019" docId="03C187D2BA09E4103750CD0FFB25BD10" docLanguage="en" docName="JourParasitol.105.4.524-532.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Parasitology (J. Parasitol.) 105 (4)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1645/19-14" docStyle="DocumentStyle:378338F1068CC775F20F95F13175CB49.2:JourParasitol.2019-.journal_article" docStyleId="378338F1068CC775F20F95F13175CB49" docStyleName="JourParasitol.2019-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Ascarophis morronei Aguilar-Aguilar &amp; Ruiz-Campos &amp; Martorelli &amp; Montes &amp; Martínez-Aquino 2019, n. sp." docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="528" masterDocId="FFF8FFAABA08E4143351CF64FFD0B833" masterDocTitle="A New Species Of Ascarophis (Nematoda: Cystidicolidae) Parasitizing Clinocottus Analis (Pisces: Cottidae) From Baja California, Mexico" masterLastPageNumber="532" masterPageNumber="524" pageNumber="525" updateTime="1699476999476" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="C64AE33025220AABE43AA38EFCF80BA0">A New Species Of Ascarophis (Nematoda: Cystidicolidae) Parasitizing Clinocottus Analis (Pisces: Cottidae) From Baja California, Mexico</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="F25780E96C8F6E2BF7AABD93DC870224">Aguilar-Aguilar, R.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="00C928F61EB1B10373E41F789BA07E43">Departamento de Biología Comparada, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s / n, C. P. 04510, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="DE4F83282DCBC147CAAD8E24471C5BBB">Ruiz-Campos, G.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="DB7F14E7F0ECE2342628500D586F6AA4">Departamento de Biología Comparada, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s / n, C. P. 04510, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico. &amp; Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Campus Ensenada, Carr. Transpeninsular No. 3917, Colonia Playitas, C. P. 22860, Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="5217535FFD3EA2B1A9EC8F3D0CEB5C9C">Martorelli, S.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="A3E6E895F6A7D0949BA6493D3C21CDF8">Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y Vectores (CEPAVE), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (CONICET-UNLP), boulevard 120 s / n e / 60 y 64, La Plata, Argentina. Correspondence should be sent to Rogelio Aguilar-Aguilar at: raguilar @ ciencias. unam. mx</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="FC8E502836F24576337493647A412EBE">Montes, M. M.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="5B83F5EC63564F58213B786E412BE31F">Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y Vectores (CEPAVE), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (CONICET-UNLP), boulevard 120 s / n e / 60 y 64, La Plata, Argentina. Correspondence should be sent to Rogelio Aguilar-Aguilar at: raguilar @ ciencias. unam. mx</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="330E725DA383C603576526DDDE634089">Martínez-Aquino, A.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="2912CA503AE5DD3BFD4F73BBFABCAF23">Departamento de Biología Comparada, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s / n, C. P. 04510, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico. &amp; Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Campus Ensenada, Carr. Transpeninsular No. 3917, Colonia Playitas, C. P. 22860, Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico. &amp; Departamento de Biología Comparada, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s / n, C. P. 04510, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="637E0478AD9E52730918450C8E57B589">Journal of Parasitology</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="73D0B5BA573F821D749B4BB07F5AAEAA">2019</mods:date>
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<mods:title id="BF3DC0F0AE465BA3A6B425CF125DF1F9">J. Parasitol.</mods:title>
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<mods:number id="13A35C7B7B7219245A2E0481841B3EC5">2019-07-12</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="25F3B39C515A89CFB52206E6F6713DDA">105</mods:number>
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<heading id="D09F81A8BA09E4153750CD0FFAE7BAB2" box="[1025,1335,619,641]" centered="true" fontSize="36" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="525" reason="2">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA09E4153750CD0FFAE7BAB2" bold="true" box="[1025,1335,619,641]" pageId="1" pageNumber="525">
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA09E4153750CD0FFB21BAB2" authority="Aguilar-Aguilar &amp; Ruiz-Campos &amp; Martorelli &amp; Montes &amp; Martínez-Aquino, 2019" authorityName="Aguilar-Aguilar &amp; Ruiz-Campos &amp; Martorelli &amp; Montes &amp; Martínez-Aquino" authorityYear="2019" box="[1025,1265,619,641]" class="Secernentea" family="Spiruridae" genus="Ascarophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="1" pageNumber="525" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="morronei" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA09E4153750CD0FFB21BAB2" bold="true" box="[1025,1265,619,641]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="525">Ascarophis morronei</emphasis>
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(
<figureCitation id="13532A41BA09E415373ACDEFFB1BBAAD" box="[1131,1227,651,670]" captionStart-0="Figure 1" captionStart-1="Figure 2" captionStart-2="Figure 3" captionStartId-0="2.[141,198,1638,1657]" captionStartId-1="3.[168,225,1541,1560]" captionStartId-2="4.[141,198,969,988]" captionTargetBox-0="[137,766,202,1611]" captionTargetBox-1="[338,1322,202,1514]" captionTargetBox-2="[117,1487,202,942]" captionTargetId-0="figure-579@2.[136,767,202,1611]" captionTargetId-1="figure-213@3.[338,1322,202,1514]" captionTargetId-2="figure-581@4.[117,1487,202,942]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="3" captionTargetPageId-2="4" captionText-0="Figure 1. Ascarophis morronei n. sp. (A) Male. Anterior end (dorsal view). (B) Male. Posterior end (lateral view)." captionText-1="Figure 2. SEM of Ascarophis morronei n. sp. (A) Male. Anterior end (anterolateral view). (B) Male. Anterior end (frontal view). (C) Tail of male (lateral view). (D) Female. Deirid." captionText-2="Figure 3. Ascarophis morronei n. sp. (A) Female. Anterior end (lateral view). (B) Eggs. (C) Female. Detail of excretory pore (e.p.) aperture in relation with the nervous ring (n.r.). (D) Detail of vulvar region." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7752802" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7752804" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7752806" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7752802/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7752804/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/7752806/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="525">Figs. 1–3</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD736C4BA09E4153034CDA5FAC6BC2A" blockId="1.[845,1516,705,1956]" pageId="1" pageNumber="525">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA09E4153034CDA5FC6BBAE5" box="[869,955,705,726]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="525">General:</emphasis>
Filiform medium-size nematodes. Two lateral amphids. Oral opening elongated along the dorsoventral axis and surrounded by 4 reduced submedial labia and 2 lateral pseudolabia, each one with a prominent conical tooth-like structure on its anterior surface. Four slender cephalic papillae located ventro- and dorsolaterally. Two lateral amphids. Mouth followed by buccal capsule and esophagus divided into muscular and glandular region. Deirids small, bifurcated, asymmetrically situated anterior to level of nerve ring. Excretory pore posterior to level of nerve ring. Nerve ring encircling the muscular esophagus near anterior end. Tail of both sexes conical, with rounded tip bearing a minute rounded apical projection.
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA09E4153034CB45FB40BC05" box="[869,1168,1057,1078]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="525">
Male (based on 
<specimenCount id="9D6EFD4DBA09E4153756CB45FB52BC05" box="[1031,1154,1057,1078]" pageId="1" pageNumber="525" type="generic">7 specimens</specimenCount>
):
</emphasis>
Body 6.56–7.59 (7.15 ± 0.53) mm long, maximum width 78.1–105.9 (89.1 ± 18.3). Buccal capsule (vestibule) 121.7–130.8 (126.4 ± 3.8) long. Muscular esophagus 172.1–200.1 (187.9 ± 14.34) long, glandular esophagus 1.32–1.46 (1.39 ± 0.09) mm long. Nerve ring 162.7–168.4 (165.6 ± 2.5), deirids 130.1–136.6 (133.8 ± 3.3)/132.3 ± 138.3 (135.5 ± 3.04), and excretory pore 251.1–295.4 (263.7 ± 27.6) from anterior end of body. Four pairs of subventral preanal papillae. Five pairs of postanal papillae, second pair lateral, remaining pairs subventral. A pair of small phasmids situated ventrally, near to the end of the body. Conspicuous ventral cuticular ridges (area rugosa). Left spicule 438.2–490.6 (471.8 ± 29.2) long, right spicule 80.8–106.9 (89.4 ± 10.1) long. Length ratio of spicules 1:4.6–5.7 (1:5.2 ± 0.6). Tail conical, with rounded tip bearing a very minute rounded apical projection.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD736C4BA09E4153034CAB3FBF2BF59" blockId="1.[845,1516,705,1956]" pageId="1" pageNumber="525">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA09E4153034CAB3FB3ABDDF" box="[869,1258,1495,1516]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="525">Female (based on 9 gravid specimens):</emphasis>
Body 11.39–15.31 (12.49 ± 1.88) mm long, maximum width 112.8–229.9 (157.1 ± 54.3). Buccal capsule (vestibule) 125.4–142.3 (135.7 ± 7.6). Muscular esophagus 369.2–438.7 (393.2 ± 31.9) long. Glandular esophagus 1.37–1.83 (1.6 ± 0.19) mm long. Nerve ring 170.9–190.7 (182.1 ± 8.1), deirids 133.9–157.5 (144.5 ± 8.6)/147.1–154.7 (151.9 ± 4.3), and excretory pore 239.7–288.8 (270.1 ± 26.5) from anterior end of body. Tail conical, with rounded tip bearing a minute rounded apical projection. Anus, 71.1–82.5 (78.9 ± 4.5) from posterior end of body. Uterus amphidelphic. Vulva postequatorial situated 7.1– 9.4 (8.3 ± 1.2) mm from anterior extremity, at 60–61% of body length. Mature (larvated) egg oval, bearing small knob with 2–3 large filaments on 1 pole. Size of eggs 37.2–39.3 X 19.6–21.3 (38.6 ± 0.8 X 20.6 ± 0.7).
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA09E4153034C815FBD7BFB5" box="[869,1031,1905,1926]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="525">Molecular data:</emphasis>
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A total of 8 
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assembly sequences (forward and reverse) were obtained from 
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<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA09E41537A5C8EAFAB2BF90" authorityName="Van Beneden" authorityYear="1871" box="[1268,1378,1934,1955]" class="Secernentea" family="Spiruridae" genus="Ascarophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="1" pageNumber="525" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA09E41537A5C8EAFAB2BF90" box="[1268,1378,1934,1955]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="525">Ascarophis</emphasis>
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specimens (
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and 
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) from 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0AE41632F5C9DAFDD2BEE0" baseAuthorityName="Girard" baseAuthorityYear="1858" box="[420,514,1726,1747]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cottidae" genus="Clinocottus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="526" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="analis">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0AE41632F5C9DAFDD2BEE0" box="[420,514,1726,1747]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">C. analis</emphasis>
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. Sequences of 
<collectionCode id="ED79AE01BA0AE41631FBC9DAFD08BEE7" box="[682,728,1726,1748]" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/fye2-vfes" name="Saratov State University" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">SSU</collectionCode>
gene fragments were obtained with 676 base pairs (bp). Nucleotide sequence variation in the 
<collectionCode id="ED79AE01BA0AE4163229C99DFE76BF3C" box="[376,422,1785,1807]" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/fye2-vfes" name="Saratov State University" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">SSU</collectionCode>
alignment from dracunculids to the phylogenetic reconstruction had 532 conserved sites, 50 variables sites, 28 parsimony-informative sites, and 22 singleton sites
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.
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0AE41633DCC902FF0FBE4A" bold="true" box="[141,223,1638,1657]" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">Figure 1.</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0AE41633A5C902FE7EBE4A" box="[244,430,1638,1657]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">Ascarophis morronei</emphasis>
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(
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0AE41632A9C902FDD7BE4A" bold="true" box="[504,519,1638,1657]" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">A</emphasis>
) Male. Anterior end (dorsal view). (
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0AE41633E8C91AFF17BEA2" bold="true" box="[185,199,1662,1681]" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">B</emphasis>
) Male. Posterior end (lateral view).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BD736C4BA0AE41633DCC837FB1DBC7C" blockId="2.[117,787,1726,1956]" lastBlockId="2.[818,1488,202,1103]" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">
In order to evaluate the phylogenetic position of 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0AE41631F4C837FF1FBFB5" authority="Aguilar-Aguilar &amp; Ruiz-Campos &amp; Martorelli &amp; Montes &amp; Martínez-Aquino, 2019" authorityName="Aguilar-Aguilar &amp; Ruiz-Campos &amp; Martorelli &amp; Montes &amp; Martínez-Aquino" authorityYear="2019" class="Secernentea" family="Spiruridae" genus="Ascarophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="2" pageNumber="526" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="morronei" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0AE41631F4C837FF1FBFB5" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">Ascarophis morronei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22F57ADBA0AE4163387C814FEC0BFB5" box="[214,272,1904,1926]" pageId="2" pageNumber="526" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, a Bayesian phylogenetic analysis was undertaken using 4 individuals of the new species, plus 2 other 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0AE41631F4C8EAFCA7B8D3" box="[677,887,202,1955]" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0AE41631F4C8EAFCC3BF90" box="[677,787,1934,1955]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">Ascarophis</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
(i.e., 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0AE41630EBCFAFFAF6B8D3" authority="Machida, 1981" authorityName="Machida" authorityYear="1981" box="[954,1318,202,224]" class="Secernentea" family="Spiruridae" genus="Ascarophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="2" pageNumber="526" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="adioryx">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0AE41630EBCFAFFBAFB8D3" box="[954,1151,203,224]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">Ascarophis adioryx</emphasis>
Machida, 1981
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0AE4163633CFAFFBE1B8CD" authority="Polyansky, 1952" authorityName="Polyansky" authorityYear="1952" class="Secernentea" family="Spiruridae" genus="Ascarophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="2" pageNumber="526" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="arctica">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0AE4163633CFAFFCA6B8CE" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">Ascarophis arctica</emphasis>
Polyansky, 1952
</taxonomicName>
), 1 for the genus 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0AE41637ADCF8CFA58B8CE" authorityName="Yorke &amp; Maplestone" authorityYear="1926" box="[1276,1416,232,253]" class="Chromadorea" family="Cystidicolidae" genus="Metabronema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="2" pageNumber="526" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0AE41637ADCF8CFA58B8CE" box="[1276,1416,232,253]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">Metabronema</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 1 for 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0AE4163063CE61FC13B929" authorityName="Machida" authorityYear="1976" box="[818,963,261,282]" class="Chromadorea" family="Cystidicolidae" genus="Neoascarophis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="2" pageNumber="526" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0AE4163063CE61FC13B929" box="[818,963,261,282]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">Neoascarophis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 1 for 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0AE4163771CE61FB66B929" authorityName="Skinker" authorityYear="1931" box="[1056,1206,261,282]" class="Chromadorea" family="Cystidicolidae" genus="Cystidicoloides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="2" pageNumber="526" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0AE4163771CE61FB66B929" box="[1056,1206,261,282]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">Cystidicoloides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 1 for 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0AE4163643CE61FA52B929" authorityName="Fisher" authorityYear="1798" box="[1298,1410,261,282]" class="Chromadorea" family="Cystidicolidae" genus="Cystidicola" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="2" pageNumber="526" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0AE4163643CE61FA52B929" box="[1298,1410,261,282]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">Cystidicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 1 for 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0AE4163063CE47FC4FB90B" authorityName="Fourment" authorityYear="1883" box="[818,927,291,312]" class="Chromadorea" family="Cystidicolidae" genus="Spinitectus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="2" pageNumber="526" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0AE4163063CE47FC4FB90B" box="[818,927,291,312]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">Spinitectus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 1 for 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0AE41630BDCE47FBB0B90B" authorityName="Moravec, Santos &amp; Brasil-Sato" authorityYear="2008" box="[1004,1120,291,312]" class="Chromadorea" family="Cystidicolidae" genus="Salmonema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="2" pageNumber="526" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0AE41630BDCE47FBB0B90B" box="[1004,1120,291,312]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">Salmonema</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and 1 for 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0AE416378DCE47FABAB90B" authorityName="Skrjabin" authorityYear="1924" box="[1244,1386,291,312]" class="Chromadorea" family="Cystidicolidae" genus="Capillospirura" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="2" pageNumber="526" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0AE416378DCE47FABAB90B" box="[1244,1386,291,312]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">Capillospirura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, all them considered as members of the family 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0AE41637FECE24FA92B965" box="[1199,1346,320,342]" class="Secernentea" family="Cystidicolidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="2" pageNumber="526" phylum="Nematoda" rank="family">Cystidicolidae</taxonomicName>
; furthermore, also included were 4 taxa of 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0AE4163700CE39FB14B940" authorityName="Railliet, Henry &amp; Sisoff" authorityYear="1912" box="[1105,1220,349,371]" class="Secernentea" family="Acuariidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="2" pageNumber="526" phylum="Nematoda" rank="family">Acuariidae</taxonomicName>
, 3 of 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0AE41637A8CE39FA4FB940" authorityName="Railliet" authorityYear="1893" box="[1273,1439,349,371]" class="Secernentea" family="Physalopteridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="2" pageNumber="526" phylum="Nematoda" rank="family">Physalopteridae</taxonomicName>
, 1 of 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0AE4163063CE1EFC34B9A3" authorityName="Skrjabin" authorityYear="1946" box="[818,996,378,400]" class="Chromadorea" family="Rhabdochonidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="2" pageNumber="526" phylum="Nematoda" rank="family">Rhabdochonidae</taxonomicName>
, and 1 of 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0AE416371ACE1EFB0AB9A3" authorityName="Baylis &amp; Daubney" authorityYear="1926" box="[1099,1242,378,400]" class="Secernentea" family="Philometridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Camallanida" pageId="2" pageNumber="526" phylum="Nematoda" rank="family">Philometridae</taxonomicName>
as outgroups. The SSU tree clearly shows that all samples of 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0AE4163786CEFCFA85B99E" authorityName="Aguilar-Aguilar &amp; Ruiz-Campos &amp; Martorelli &amp; Montes &amp; Martínez-Aquino" authorityYear="2019" box="[1239,1365,408,429]" class="Secernentea" family="Spiruridae" genus="Ascarophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="2" pageNumber="526" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="morronei">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0AE4163786CEFCFA85B99E" box="[1239,1365,408,429]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">A. morronei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
conform a monophyletic clade (PP 0.95); these samples are sister to the clade including 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0AE4163089CEB6FBEDB9D4" authorityName="Polyansky" authorityYear="1952" box="[984,1085,466,487]" class="Secernentea" family="Spiruridae" genus="Ascarophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="2" pageNumber="526" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="arctica">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0AE4163089CEB6FBEDB9D4" box="[984,1085,466,487]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">A. arctica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0AE4163726CEB6FA00B9DB" authority="Fischer, 1798" authorityName="Fischer" authorityYear="1798" box="[1143,1488,466,488]" class="Chromadorea" family="Cystidicolidae" genus="Cystidicola" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="2" pageNumber="526" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="farionis">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0AE4163726CEB6FAEBB9D4" box="[1143,1339,466,487]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">Cystidicola farionis</emphasis>
Fischer, 1798
</taxonomicName>
(with high nodal support values, PP 0.95); however, the phylogenetic relationship between 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0AE41637C5CD69FB27BA11" authorityName="Polyansky" authorityYear="1952" box="[1172,1271,525,546]" class="Secernentea" family="Spiruridae" genus="Ascarophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="2" pageNumber="526" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="arctica">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0AE41637C5CD69FB27BA11" box="[1172,1271,525,546]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">A. arctica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0AE416367DCD69FA45BA11" authorityName="Fischer" authorityYear="1798" box="[1324,1429,525,546]" class="Chromadorea" family="Cystidicolidae" genus="Cystidicola" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="2" pageNumber="526" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="farionis">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0AE416367DCD69FA45BA11" box="[1324,1429,525,546]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">C. farionis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
lacks nodal support value. 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0AE416375CCD4EFB10BA73" box="[1037,1216,554,576]" class="Chromadorea" family="Cystidicolidae" genus="Capillospirura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="2" pageNumber="526" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0AE416375CCD4EFB4BBA0C" box="[1037,1179,554,575]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">Capillospirura</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
is the sister group of both clades, with high nodal support values (PP 0.95). Only 1 clade (monophyletic group with PP 0.95), with 4 representatives from 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0AE4163063CDE6FC13BAAB" box="[818,963,642,664]" class="Secernentea" family="Cystidicolidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="2" pageNumber="526" phylum="Nematoda" rank="family">Cystidicolidae</taxonomicName>
family, was recovered, i.e., 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0AE41637A3CDE6FA79BAAB" box="[1266,1449,642,664]" class="Chromadorea" family="Cystidicolidae" genus="Capillospirura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="2" pageNumber="526" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0AE41637A3CDE6FA50BAA4" box="[1266,1408,642,663]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">Capillospirura</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0AE41636E9CDE6FCA6BA86" authorityName="Polyansky" authorityYear="1952" class="Secernentea" family="Spiruridae" genus="Ascarophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="2" pageNumber="526" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="arctica">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0AE41636E9CDE6FCA6BA86" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">A. arctica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0AE41630D7CDC4FC22BA86" authorityName="Fischer" authorityYear="1798" box="[902,1010,672,693]" class="Chromadorea" family="Cystidicolidae" genus="Cystidicola" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="2" pageNumber="526" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="farionis">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0AE41630D7CDC4FC22BA86" box="[902,1010,672,693]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">C. farionis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0AE4163761CDC4FAD1BA86" authority="Aguilar-Aguilar &amp; Ruiz-Campos &amp; Martorelli &amp; Montes &amp; Martínez-Aquino, 2019" authorityName="Aguilar-Aguilar &amp; Ruiz-Campos &amp; Martorelli &amp; Montes &amp; Martínez-Aquino" authorityYear="2019" box="[1072,1281,672,693]" class="Secernentea" family="Spiruridae" genus="Ascarophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="2" pageNumber="526" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="morronei" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0AE4163761CDC4FAD1BA86" box="[1072,1281,672,693]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">Ascarophis morronei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22F57ADBA0AE4163658CDFBFA93BA86" box="[1289,1347,671,693]" pageId="2" pageNumber="526" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(
<figureCitation id="13532A41BA0AE4163602CDFBFA44BA86" box="[1363,1428,671,693]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="5.[168,225,1479,1498]" captionTargetBox="[144,1515,202,1452]" captionTargetId="figure-254@5.[144,1515,202,1452]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 4. Phylogenetic relationships (Bayesian inference) within taxa of the infraorder Spirurimorpha based on small subunits (SSU), showing the position of Ascarophis morronei n. sp. in bold. Filled circles represent Bayesian posterior probability 0.95." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7752808" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7752808/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
). The genetic distance values of 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0AE416371DCDD9FB19BAE1" authority="Aguilar-Aguilar &amp; Ruiz-Campos &amp; Martorelli &amp; Montes &amp; Martínez-Aquino, 2019" authorityName="Aguilar-Aguilar &amp; Ruiz-Campos &amp; Martorelli &amp; Montes &amp; Martínez-Aquino" authorityYear="2019" box="[1100,1225,701,722]" class="Secernentea" family="Spiruridae" genus="Ascarophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="2" pageNumber="526" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="morronei" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0AE416371DCDD9FB19BAE1" box="[1100,1225,701,722]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">A. morronei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22F57ADBA0AE4163782CDD9FADFBAE0" box="[1235,1295,701,723]" pageId="2" pageNumber="526" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
in comparison to those taxa included in the ‘‘ 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0AE4163703CDBEFB36BAC3" box="[1106,1254,730,752]" class="Secernentea" family="Cystidicolidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="2" pageNumber="526" phylum="Nematoda" rank="family">Cystidicolidae</taxonomicName>
clade’’ were 1.72% to 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0AE4163062CD93FC45BB3F" authorityName="Polyansky" authorityYear="1952" box="[819,917,759,780]" class="Secernentea" family="Spiruridae" genus="Ascarophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="2" pageNumber="526" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="arctica">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0AE4163062CD93FC45BB3F" box="[819,917,759,780]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">A. arctica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 2.07% to 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0AE416375BCD93FBA4BB3F" authorityName="Fischer" authorityYear="1798" box="[1034,1140,759,780]" class="Chromadorea" family="Cystidicolidae" genus="Cystidicola" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="2" pageNumber="526" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="farionis">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0AE416375BCD93FBA4BB3F" box="[1034,1140,759,780]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">C. farionis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and 2.24% to 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0AE4163647CD93FA1BBB3E" box="[1302,1483,759,781]" class="Chromadorea" family="Cystidicolidae" genus="Capillospirura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="2" pageNumber="526" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0AE4163647CD93FA74BB3F" box="[1302,1444,759,780]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">Capillospirura</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
, whereas for other members of 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0AE4163725CC70FAD5BB19" box="[1140,1285,788,810]" class="Secernentea" family="Cystidicolidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="2" pageNumber="526" phylum="Nematoda" rank="family">Cystidicolidae</taxonomicName>
the distance values were 2.93% to 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0AE41630B0CC56FB83BB74" authorityName="Machida" authorityYear="1981" box="[993,1107,818,839]" class="Secernentea" family="Spiruridae" genus="Ascarophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="2" pageNumber="526" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="adioryx">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0AE41630B0CC56FB83BB74" box="[993,1107,818,839]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">A. adioryx</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 3.97% to 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0AE4163788CC56FC62BB56" authority="Petter, 1984" authorityName="Petter" authorityYear="1984" class="Chromadorea" family="Cystidicolidae" genus="Cystidicoloides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="2" pageNumber="526" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="vaucheri">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0AE4163788CC56FA00BB74" box="[1241,1488,818,839]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">Cystidicoloides vaucheri</emphasis>
Petter, 1984
</taxonomicName>
, 3.10% to 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0AE416377BCC2BFC12BBB1" authority="Moravec and Klimpel, 2009" authorityName="Moravec and Klimpel" authorityYear="2009" class="Chromadorea" family="Cystidicolidae" genus="Neoascarophis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="2" pageNumber="526" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="longispicula">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0AE416377BCC2BFAEBBB57" box="[1066,1339,847,868]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">Neoascarophis longispicula</emphasis>
Moravec and Klimpel, 2009
</taxonomicName>
, 3.79% to 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0AE4163765CC09FAB7BBB1" authority="Holl, 1928" authorityName="Holl" authorityYear="1928" box="[1076,1383,876,898]" class="Chromadorea" family="Cystidicolidae" genus="Spinitectus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="2" pageNumber="526" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="carolini">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0AE4163765CC09FB23BBB1" box="[1076,1267,877,898]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">Spinitectus carolini</emphasis>
Holl, 1928
</taxonomicName>
, 3.45% to 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0AE4163063CCEEFAFDBB93" authority="(von Linstow, 1872)" baseAuthorityName="von Linstow" baseAuthorityYear="1872" box="[818,1325,906,928]" class="Chromadorea" family="Cystidicolidae" genus="Salmonema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="2" pageNumber="526" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="ephemeridarum">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0AE4163063CCEEFB9ABBAC" box="[818,1098,906,927]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">Salmonema ephemeridarum</emphasis>
(von Linstow, 1872)
</taxonomicName>
, and 2.41% to 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0AE4163063CCC3FB63BB8E" authority="(Taylor, 1925)" baseAuthorityName="Taylor" baseAuthorityYear="1925" box="[818,1203,935,957]" class="Chromadorea" family="Cystidicolidae" genus="Metabronema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabditida" pageId="2" pageNumber="526" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="magnum">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0AE4163063CCC3FBCABB8F" box="[818,1050,935,956]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">Metabronema magnum</emphasis>
(Taylor, 1925)
</taxonomicName>
. The genetic distance values of 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0AE416301ECCA1FBCEBBE9" authority="Aguilar-Aguilar &amp; Ruiz-Campos &amp; Martorelli &amp; Montes &amp; Martínez-Aquino, 2019" authorityName="Aguilar-Aguilar &amp; Ruiz-Campos &amp; Martorelli &amp; Montes &amp; Martínez-Aquino" authorityYear="2019" box="[847,1054,965,986]" class="Secernentea" family="Spiruridae" genus="Ascarophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="2" pageNumber="526" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="morronei" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0AE416301ECCA1FBCEBBE9" box="[847,1054,965,986]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">Ascarophis morronei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22F57ADBA0AE4163775CCA0FB8DBBE9" box="[1060,1117,964,986]" pageId="2" pageNumber="526" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
to the 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0AE41637F6CCA0FAC7BBE9" authorityName="Railliet, Henry &amp; Sisoff" authorityYear="1912" box="[1191,1303,964,986]" class="Secernentea" family="Acuariidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="2" pageNumber="526" phylum="Nematoda" rank="family">Acuariidae</taxonomicName>
taxa ranged from 2.41 to 2.76%; furthermore, the distance of this new species to members of 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0AE41630EFCC9BFBB1BC26" authorityName="Railliet" authorityYear="1893" box="[958,1121,1023,1045]" class="Secernentea" family="Physalopteridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="2" pageNumber="526" phylum="Nematoda" rank="family">Physalopteridae</taxonomicName>
varied from 2.76 to 3.10%, and finally to 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0AE41630C7CB79FA1CBC01" authority="Prasad and Sahay, 1965" authorityName="Prasad and Sahay" authorityYear="1965" box="[918,1484,1052,1074]" class="Secernentea" family="Thelaziidae" genus="Rhabdochona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="2" pageNumber="526" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="mazeedi">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0AE41630C7CB79FBD4BC01" box="[918,1028,1053,1074]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">R. mazeedi</emphasis>
Prasad and Sahay, 1965 (Rhabdochonidae)
</taxonomicName>
, the distance value was 3.79% (
<tableCitation id="C6EA037FBA0AE4163723CB5DFB10BC7C" box="[1138,1216,1081,1103]" captionStart="Table I" captionStartId="6.[117,167,202,221]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Table I. Distance matrix of uncorrected p-distances between some taxa of the infraorder Spirurimorpha (Acuariidae, Cystidicolidae, Physalopteridae, and Rhabdochonidae), derived from small subunits (SSUs) by Bayesian phylogenetic analyses (percentage values). Sequences used in the analysis (except those for the new species) were obtained by Černotıḱováet al. (2011), Vidal et al. (2016), Choudhury and Nadler (2018) and Pereira et al. (2018)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF17664CBA0EE4123324CFAEFA64B93E" pageId="2" pageNumber="526" tableUuid="DF17664CBA0EE4123324CFAEFA64B93E">Table I</tableCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD736C4BA0AE4163063CB17FBF1BCBA" blockId="2.[818,1057,1139,1161]" box="[818,1057,1139,1161]" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">
<heading id="D09F81A8BA0AE4163063CB17FBF1BCBA" bold="true" box="[818,1057,1139,1161]" fontSize="9" level="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="526" reason="9">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0AE4163063CB17FBF1BCBA" bold="true" box="[818,1057,1139,1161]" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">Taxonomic summary</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD736C4BA0AE416301BCBC6FC4ABCE6" blockId="2.[818,1494,1185,1559]" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0AE416301BCBC6FC66BC84" box="[842,950,1186,1207]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">
<typeStatus id="54D38866BA0AE416301BCBC6FCACBC84" box="[842,892,1186,1207]" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">Type</typeStatus>
host:
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0AE41630EFCBC6FADEBC84" authority="(Girard, 1858)" baseAuthorityName="Girard" baseAuthorityYear="1858" box="[958,1294,1185,1207]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cottidae" genus="Clinocottus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="526" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="analis">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0AE41630EFCBC6FBA2BC84" box="[958,1138,1186,1207]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">Clinocottus analis</emphasis>
(Girard, 1858)
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0AE416364CCBC5FA1DBC84" box="[1309,1485,1185,1207]" class="Actinopterygii" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="526" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Scorpaeniformes</taxonomicName>
: 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0AE4163063CBDBFC5FBCE6" box="[818,911,1215,1237]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cottidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="526" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Cottidae</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C372654FBA0AE416301BCBB8FA84BD3C" pageId="2" pageNumber="526" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BD736C4BA0AE416301BCBB8FA84BD3C" blockId="2.[818,1494,1185,1559]" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">
<materialsCitation id="3B003C99BA0AE416301BCBB8FA80BD3C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4060851302" country="Mexico" county="Ensenada" latitude="31.86139" location="Punta Morro" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="-116.66583" municipality="Todos Santos Bay" pageId="2" pageNumber="526" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Baja California" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0AE416301BCBB8FC09BCC2" box="[842,985,1244,1265]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">
<typeStatus id="54D38866BA0AE416301BCBB8FCACBCC2" box="[842,892,1244,1265]" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">Type</typeStatus>
locality:
</emphasis>
<location id="8EB7601FBA0AE41630B3CBB8FBBDBCC1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C187D2BA09E4103750CD0FFB25BD10:8EB7601FBA0AE41630B3CBB8FBBDBCC1" box="[994,1133,1244,1266]" country="Mexico" county="Ensenada" latitude="31.86139" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="-116.66583" municipality="Todos Santos Bay" name="Punta Morro" pageId="2" pageNumber="526" stateProvince="Baja California">Punta Morro</location>
at 
<collectingMunicipality id="6BB3ACBEBA0AE41637C4CBB8FA88BCC1" box="[1173,1368,1244,1266]" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">Todos Santos Bay</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<collectingCounty id="62B64E48BA0AE4163637CBB8FA1CBCC1" box="[1382,1484,1244,1266]" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">Ensenada</collectingCounty>
, 
<collectingRegion id="49ACF826BA0AE4163063CB9DFC04BD3C" box="[818,980,1273,1295]" country="Mexico" name="Baja California" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">Baja California</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F37F7654BA0AE416308ECB9DFBFBBD3C" box="[991,1067,1273,1295]" name="Mexico" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">Mexico</collectingCountry>
(
<geoCoordinate id="EE5C5003BA0AE416376ACB9DFB63BD3C" box="[1083,1203,1270,1295]" degrees="31" direction="north" minutes="51" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="526" precision="15" seconds="41" value="31.86139">
31°51 
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0AE4163725CB92FBA9BD36" box="[1140,1145,1270,1285]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">
<superScript id="7C1D9B8CBA0AE4163725CB92FBA9BD36" attach="none" box="[1140,1145,1270,1285]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">′</superScript>
</emphasis>
41 
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0AE41637C5CB92FB4CBD36" box="[1172,1180,1270,1285]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">
<superScript id="7C1D9B8CBA0AE41637C5CB92FB4CBD36" attach="right" box="[1172,1180,1270,1285]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">′′</superScript>
</emphasis>
N
</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE5C5003BA0AE41637EECB9DFA98BD3C" box="[1215,1352,1270,1295]" degrees="116" direction="west" minutes="39" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="526" precision="15" seconds="57" value="-116.66583">
116°39 
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0AE4163655CB92FAD9BD36" box="[1284,1289,1270,1285]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">
<superScript id="7C1D9B8CBA0AE4163655CB92FAD9BD36" attach="none" box="[1284,1289,1270,1285]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">′</superScript>
</emphasis>
57 
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0AE4163675CB92FAFCBD36" box="[1316,1324,1270,1285]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">
<superScript id="7C1D9B8CBA0AE4163675CB92FAFCBD36" attach="right" box="[1316,1324,1270,1285]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">′′</superScript>
</emphasis>
W
</geoCoordinate>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C372654FBA0AE416301BCA73FB5EBD1E" box="[842,1166,1303,1325]" pageId="2" pageNumber="526" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BD736C4BA0AE416301BCA73FB5EBD1E" blockId="2.[818,1494,1185,1559]" box="[842,1166,1303,1325]" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0AE416301BCA73FC23BD1F" box="[842,1011,1303,1324]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">Site of infection:</emphasis>
Stomach wall.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C372654FBA0AE416301BCA50FC1BBDB6" pageId="2" pageNumber="526" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BD736C4BA0AE416301BCA50FC1BBDB6" blockId="2.[818,1494,1185,1559]" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0AE416301BCA50FB8CBD7A" box="[842,1116,1332,1353]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">Deposition of specimens:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B003C99BA0AE416373DCA50FA00BD79" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4060851303" box="[1132,1488,1332,1354]" collectionCode="CNHE" pageId="2" pageNumber="526" specimenCode="11124, 11125" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="54D38866BA0AE416373DCA50FB1EBD79" box="[1132,1230,1332,1354]" pageId="2" pageNumber="526" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
<collectionCode id="ED79AE01BA0AE416378ECA50FAF8BD79" box="[1247,1320,1332,1354]" collectionName="CNHE" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">CNHE</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="DBCE9EBFBA0AE4163668CA50FAA6BD79" box="[1337,1398,1332,1354]" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">11124</specimenCode>
(
<specimenCount id="9D6EFD4DBA0AE41636DFCA50FA14BD79" box="[1422,1476,1332,1354]" pageId="2" pageNumber="526" type="male">male</specimenCount>
);
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B003C99BA0AE4163063CA35FB5BBD54" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4060851305" box="[818,1163,1361,1383]" collectionCode="CNHE" pageId="2" pageNumber="526" specimenCode="11124, 11125" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="allotype">
<typeStatus id="54D38866BA0AE4163063CA35FC54BD54" box="[818,900,1361,1383]" pageId="2" pageNumber="526" type="allotype">allotype</typeStatus>
<collectionCode id="ED79AE01BA0AE41630C3CA35FC0ABD54" box="[914,986,1361,1383]" collectionName="CNHE" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">CNHE</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="DBCE9EBFBA0AE41630B9CA35FBF4BD54" box="[1000,1060,1361,1383]" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">11125</specimenCode>
(
<specimenCount id="9D6EFD4DBA0AE4163769CA35FB50BD54" box="[1080,1152,1361,1383]" pageId="2" pageNumber="526" type="female">female</specimenCount>
);
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B003C99BA0AE41637C8CA35FC1BBDB6" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4060851304" collectionCode="CNHE, CRPH" pageId="2" pageNumber="526" specimenCode="11126, N0001" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<typeStatus id="54D38866BA0AE41637C8CA35FB2CBD54" box="[1177,1276,1361,1383]" pageId="2" pageNumber="526" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
<collectionCode id="ED79AE01BA0AE416365BCA35FA82BD54" box="[1290,1362,1361,1383]" collectionName="CNHE" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">CNHE</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="DBCE9EBFBA0AE4163631CA35FA4CBD54" box="[1376,1436,1361,1383]" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">11126</specimenCode>
and 
<collectionCode id="ED79AE01BA0AE4163063CA0BFCA8BDB6" box="[818,888,1391,1413]" collectionName="CRPH" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">CRPH</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="DBCE9EBFBA0AE41630D1CA0BFC17BDB6" box="[896,967,1391,1413]" collectionCode="CRPH" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">N0001</specimenCode>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C372654FBA0AE416301BCAE8FB45BD8C" pageId="2" pageNumber="526" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BD736C4BA0AE416301BCAE8FB45BD8C" blockId="2.[818,1494,1185,1559]" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0AE416301BCAE8FBEEBD92" box="[842,1086,1420,1441]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">ZooBank Registration:</emphasis>
<uri id="FFF93AC6BA0AE416371CCAE8FB45BD8C" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 
<uuid id="FFCE0C11BA0AE416361DCAE8FB45BD8C" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">DA7011D4- EA10-45F1-A13D-E259D571E672</uuid>
</uri>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C372654FBA0AE416301BCAA3FA4EBE24" pageId="2" pageNumber="526" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BD736C4BA0AE416301BCAA3FA4EBE24" blockId="2.[818,1494,1185,1559]" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0AE416301BCAA3FC6FBDEF" box="[842,959,1479,1500]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">Etymology:</emphasis>
This species is named in honor of Dr. Juan Jose´ Morrone, in recognition of his significant contribution to the knowledge of the patterns of biodiversity in Latin America.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C372654FBA0AE4103063C95FFB25BD10" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="528" pageId="2" pageNumber="526" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BD736C4BA0AE4163063C95FFC46BE62" blockId="2.[818,918,1595,1617]" box="[818,918,1595,1617]" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">
<heading id="D09F81A8BA0AE4163063C95FFC46BE62" bold="true" box="[818,918,1595,1617]" fontSize="9" level="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="526" reason="9">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0AE4163063C95FFC46BE62" bold="true" box="[818,918,1595,1617]" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">Remarks</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD736C4BA0AE417301BC90DFD53BF19" blockId="2.[818,1488,1641,1956]" lastBlockId="3.[144,814,1629,1956]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="527" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">
The genus 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0AE41630E9C90DFBF6BE4D" authorityName="Van Beneden" authorityYear="1871" box="[952,1062,1641,1662]" class="Secernentea" family="Spiruridae" genus="Ascarophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="2" pageNumber="526" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0AE41630E9C90DFBF6BE4D" box="[952,1062,1641,1662]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">Ascarophis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
includes more than 40 species parasitic as adults in the gastrointestinal tract of marine and estuarine fishes (Moravec and Justine, 2007). 
<bibRefCitation id="EFF94B35BA0AE416373FC9C0FAE7BE89" author="FERRER, E. &amp; J AZNAR &amp; J. A. BALBUENA &amp; A. KOSTADINOVA &amp; J. A. RAGA &amp; F. MORAVEC" box="[1134,1335,1700,1722]" pageId="2" pageNumber="526" pagination="335 - 344" refId="ref6210" refString="FERRER, E., F. J AZNAR, J. A. BALBUENA, A. KOSTADINOVA, J. A. RAGA, AND F. MORAVEC. 2005. A new cystidicolid nematode from Mullus surmuletus (Perciformes: Mullidae) from the western Mediterranean. Journal of Parasitology 91: 335 - 344." type="journal article" year="2005">Ferrer et al. (2005)</bibRefCitation>
considered 34 valid species, dividing them in 3 groups by the presence (or lack) of egg filaments. Eight additional species, 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0AE416365FC9BBFA00BEC7" authorityName="Pereira, Pereira, Timi &amp; Luque" authorityYear="2013" baseAuthorityName="Solov'eva" baseAuthorityYear="1996" box="[1294,1488,1759,1780]" class="Secernentea" family="Spiruridae" genus="Ascarophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="2" pageNumber="526" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="tropica">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0AE416365FC9BBFA00BEC7" box="[1294,1488,1759,1780]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">Ascarophis tropica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Solov’eva, 1996); 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0AE41630ADC998FB9ABF1C" authority="(Munoz, Gonzalez and George-Nascimento, 2004)" baseAuthorityName="Munoz, Gonzalez and George-Nascimento" baseAuthorityYear="2004" class="Secernentea" family="Spiruridae" genus="Ascarophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="2" pageNumber="526" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="chilensis">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0AE41630ADC998FB1ABF22" box="[1020,1226,1788,1809]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">Ascarophis chilensis</emphasis>
(Muñoz, Gonzaĺez and George-Nascimento, 2004)
</taxonomicName>
; 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0AE4163706C87DFB7CBF7F" authority="(Munoz, Gonzalez and George-Nascimento, 2004)" baseAuthorityName="Munoz, Gonzalez and George-Nascimento" baseAuthorityYear="2004" class="Secernentea" family="Spiruridae" genus="Ascarophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="2" pageNumber="526" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="maulensis">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0AE4163706C87DFAFEBF1D" box="[1111,1326,1817,1838]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">Ascarophis maulensis</emphasis>
(Muñoz, González and George-Nascimento, 2004)
</taxonomicName>
; 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0AE41637E7C852FBA7BF5A" authority="Munoz and George-Nascimento, 2007" authorityName="Munoz and George-Nascimento" authorityYear="2007" class="Secernentea" family="Spiruridae" genus="Ascarophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="2" pageNumber="526" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="carvajali">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0AE41637E7C852FAAFBF78" box="[1206,1407,1846,1867]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">Ascarophis carvajali</emphasis>
Muñoz and George-Nascimento, 2007
</taxonomicName>
; 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0AE41637D4C830FB81BFB4" authority="Munoz and George-Nascimento, 2007" authorityName="Munoz and George-Nascimento" authorityYear="2007" class="Secernentea" family="Spiruridae" genus="Ascarophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="2" pageNumber="526" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="draconi">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0AE41637D4C830FA99BF5A" box="[1157,1353,1876,1897]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">Ascarophis draconi</emphasis>
Muñoz and George-Nascimento, 2007
</taxonomicName>
; 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0AE4163737C815FC15BF97" authority="Moravec and Justine, 2007" authorityName="Moravec and Justine" authorityYear="2007" class="Secernentea" family="Spiruridae" genus="Ascarophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="2" pageNumber="526" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="richeri">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0AE4163737C815FAFABFB5" box="[1126,1322,1905,1926]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">Ascarophis richeri</emphasis>
Moravec and Justine, 2007
</taxonomicName>
; 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0AE4173088C8EAFF13BE40" authority="Moravec and Klimpel, 2009" authorityName="Moravec and Klimpel" authorityYear="2009" class="Secernentea" family="Spiruridae" genus="Ascarophis" kingdom="Animalia" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="527" order="Spirurida" pageId="2" pageNumber="526" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="longiovata">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0AE4163088C8EAFB12BF90" box="[985,1218,1934,1955]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="526">Ascarophis longiovata</emphasis>
Moravec and Klimpel, 2009
</taxonomicName>
; and 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0BE41733AAC939FF13BEA2" authority="Moravec, Yooyen and Sanprick, 2018" authorityName="Moravec, Yooyen and Sanprick" authorityYear="2018" class="Secernentea" family="Spiruridae" genus="Ascarophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="3" pageNumber="527" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="scatophagi">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0BE41733AAC939FE09BE41" box="[251,473,1629,1650]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="527">Ascarophis scatophagi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF94B35BA0BE41732B1C939FF13BEA2" author="MORAVEC, F. &amp; T. YOOYEN &amp; A. SANPRICK" pageId="3" pageNumber="527" pagination="89 - 98" refId="ref7284" refString="MORAVEC, F., T. YOOYEN, AND A. SANPRICK. 2018. Two nematode species from freshwater and marine fishes in Thailand, including Ascarophis scatophagi sp. nov. (Cystidicolidae) from Scatophagus argus (Scatophagidae). Acta Parasitologica 63: 89 - 98." type="journal article" year="2018">Moravec, Yooyen and Sanprick, 2018</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, have been later described or transferred to the genus 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0BE41733C1C9FEFF2DBE9C" authorityName="Van Beneden" authorityYear="1871" box="[144,253,1690,1711]" class="Secernentea" family="Spiruridae" genus="Ascarophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="3" pageNumber="527" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0BE41733C1C9FEFF2DBE9C" box="[144,253,1690,1711]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="527">Ascarophis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and characterized considering the morphological and morphometrical variation of the cephalic structures, eggs, and spicules (
<bibRefCitation id="EFF94B35BA0BE41733A3C9B3FE14BEDE" author="MUNOZ, G. &amp; GONZALEZ, AND" box="[242,452,1751,1773]" pageId="3" pageNumber="527" pagination="823 - 834" refId="ref7374" refString="MUNOZ, G., M. T. GONZALEZ, AND M. GEORGE- NASCIMENTO. 2004. Similascarophis n. gen. n. spp. (Nematoda: Cystidicolidae) parasitizing marine fishes off the Chilean coast. Journal of Parasitology 90: 823 - 834." type="journal article" year="2004">Muñoz et al., 2004</bibRefCitation>
; Muñoz and George-Nascimento, 2007; Moravec and Justine, 2007, 2009, Moravec and Klimpel, 2009; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFF94B35BA0BE417339EC870FE44BF19" author="PEREIRA, F. B. &amp; A. N. PEREIRA &amp; J. T. TIMI &amp; J. L. LUQUE" box="[207,404,1812,1834]" pageId="3" pageNumber="527" refId="ref7544" refString="PEREIRA, F. B., A. N. PEREIRA, J. T. TIMI, AND J. L. LUQUE. 2013. Pseudoascarophis brasiliensis sp. nov. (Nematoda: Cystidicolidae) parasitic in the Bermuda chub Kyphosus sectatrix" type="book" year="2013">Pereira et al., 2013</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFF94B35BA0BE41732CEC870FDA7BF19" author="MORAVEC, F. &amp; T. YOOYEN &amp; A. SANPRICK" box="[415,631,1812,1834]" pageId="3" pageNumber="527" pagination="89 - 98" refId="ref7284" refString="MORAVEC, F., T. YOOYEN, AND A. SANPRICK. 2018. Two nematode species from freshwater and marine fishes in Thailand, including Ascarophis scatophagi sp. nov. (Cystidicolidae) from Scatophagus argus (Scatophagidae). Acta Parasitologica 63: 89 - 98." type="journal article" year="2018">Moravec et al., 2018</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF17664CBA0BE41733F9C961FE1ABE03" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7752804" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7752804" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7752804/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="527" startId="3.[168,225,1541,1560]" targetBox="[338,1322,202,1514]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="8BD736C4BA0BE41733F9C961FE1ABE03" blockId="3.[144,1515,1541,1584]" pageId="3" pageNumber="527">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0BE41733F9C961FF24BE2B" bold="true" box="[168,244,1541,1560]" pageId="3" pageNumber="527">Figure 2</emphasis>
. SEM of 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0BE417320FC961FDC6BE2B" authority="Aguilar-Aguilar &amp; Ruiz-Campos &amp; Martorelli &amp; Montes &amp; Martínez-Aquino, 2019" authorityName="Aguilar-Aguilar &amp; Ruiz-Campos &amp; Martorelli &amp; Montes &amp; Martínez-Aquino" authorityYear="2019" box="[350,534,1541,1560]" class="Secernentea" family="Spiruridae" genus="Ascarophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="3" pageNumber="527" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="morronei" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0BE417320FC961FDC6BE2B" box="[350,534,1541,1560]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="527">Ascarophis morronei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22F57ADBA0BE417314CC961FD80BE2B" box="[541,592,1541,1560]" pageId="3" pageNumber="527" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0BE417310CC961FDBCBE2B" bold="true" box="[605,620,1541,1560]" pageId="3" pageNumber="527">A</emphasis>
) Male. Anterior end (anterolateral view). (
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0BE41730A9C961FBD6BE2B" bold="true" box="[1016,1030,1541,1560]" pageId="3" pageNumber="527">B</emphasis>
) Male. Anterior end (frontal view). (
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0BE417360CC961FABCBE2B" bold="true" box="[1373,1388,1541,1560]" pageId="3" pageNumber="527">C</emphasis>
) Tail of male (lateral view). (
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0BE417324AC979FEFBBE03" bold="true" box="[283,299,1565,1584]" pageId="3" pageNumber="527">D</emphasis>
) Female. Deirid.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BD736C4BA0BE41033F9C857FF33BEE4" blockId="3.[144,814,1629,1956]" lastBlockId="4.[117,787,1057,1956]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="528" pageId="3" pageNumber="527">
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0BE41733F9C857FEA8BF7B" authority="Aguilar-Aguilar &amp; Ruiz-Campos &amp; Martorelli &amp; Montes &amp; Martínez-Aquino, 2019" authorityName="Aguilar-Aguilar &amp; Ruiz-Campos &amp; Martorelli &amp; Montes &amp; Martínez-Aquino" authorityYear="2019" box="[168,376,1843,1864]" class="Secernentea" family="Spiruridae" genus="Ascarophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="3" pageNumber="527" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="morronei" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0BE41733F9C857FEA8BF7B" box="[168,376,1843,1864]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="527">Ascarophis morronei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22F57ADBA0BE417322EC857FE68BF7A" box="[383,440,1843,1865]" pageId="3" pageNumber="527" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
belongs to those groups having egg filaments on a single pole and reduced submedial labia. Among 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0BE41733C1C814FE9CBFB5" box="[144,332,1904,1926]" pageId="3" pageNumber="527">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0BE41733C1C814FF2EBFB6" box="[144,254,1904,1925]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="527">Ascarophis</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
possessing a single polar knob with filaments (
<bibRefCitation id="EFF94B35BA0BE41733C6C8EAFE81BF97" author="FERRER, E. &amp; J AZNAR &amp; J. A. BALBUENA &amp; A. KOSTADINOVA &amp; J. A. RAGA &amp; F. MORAVEC" box="[151,337,1934,1956]" pageId="3" pageNumber="527" pagination="335 - 344" refId="ref6210" refString="FERRER, E., F. J AZNAR, J. A. BALBUENA, A. KOSTADINOVA, J. A. RAGA, AND F. MORAVEC. 2005. A new cystidicolid nematode from Mullus surmuletus (Perciformes: Mullidae) from the western Mediterranean. Journal of Parasitology 91: 335 - 344." type="journal article" year="2005">Ferrer et al., 2005</bibRefCitation>
), only 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0BE41732C5C8EAFD1ABF97" authority="Moravec" authorityName="Moravec" box="[404,714,1934,1956]" class="Secernentea" family="Spiruridae" genus="Ascarophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="3" pageNumber="527" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="mexicana">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0BE41732C5C8EAFDB6BF90" box="[404,614,1934,1955]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="527">Ascarophis mexicana</emphasis>
Moravec
</taxonomicName>
, Salgado-Maldonado and Vivas-Rodriguez, 1995 and 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0BE417364DC939FA3BBEA1" authority="Ferrer, Aznar, Balbuena, Kostadinova, Raga and Moravec, 2005" authorityName="Ferrer, Aznar, Balbuena, Kostadinova, Raga and Moravec" authorityYear="2005" class="Secernentea" family="Spiruridae" genus="Ascarophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="3" pageNumber="527" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="valentina">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0BE417364DC939FA3BBE41" box="[1308,1515,1629,1650]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="527">Ascarophis valentina</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF94B35BA0BE417301CC918FA3BBEA1" author="FERRER, E. &amp; J AZNAR &amp; J. A. BALBUENA &amp; A. KOSTADINOVA &amp; J. A. RAGA &amp; F. MORAVEC" box="[845,1515,1660,1682]" pageId="3" pageNumber="527" pagination="335 - 344" refId="ref6210" refString="FERRER, E., F. J AZNAR, J. A. BALBUENA, A. KOSTADINOVA, J. A. RAGA, AND F. MORAVEC. 2005. A new cystidicolid nematode from Mullus surmuletus (Perciformes: Mullidae) from the western Mediterranean. Journal of Parasitology 91: 335 - 344." type="journal article" year="2005">Ferrer, Aznar, Balbuena, Kostadinova, Raga and Moravec, 2005</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
have reduced labia; of these, the new species is easily distinguished from 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0BE41730D7C9DDFBD3BEFD" box="[902,1027,1721,1742]" class="Secernentea" family="Spiruridae" genus="Ascarophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="3" pageNumber="527" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="mexicana">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0BE41730D7C9DDFBD3BEFD" box="[902,1027,1721,1742]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="527">A. mexicana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
because this later species is much larger, having a very long left spicule of more than 
<quantity id="4C909B21BA0BE417379EC9B3FADABEDE" box="[1231,1290,1751,1773]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="527" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
long (
<bibRefCitation id="EFF94B35BA0BE417361CC9B3FC51BF3F" author="MORAVEC, F. &amp; MALDONADO, AND" pageId="3" pageNumber="527" pagination="952 - 955" refId="ref7227" refString="MORAVEC, F., G. SALGADO- MALDONADO, AND C. VIVAS- RODRI´ - GUEZ. 1995. Ascarophis mexicana n. sp. (Nematoda: Cystidicolidae) from two species of Epinephelus (Pisces) from the Gulf of Mexico in southeastern Mexico. Journal of Parasitology 81: 952 - 955." type="journal article" year="1995">Moravec et al., 1995</bibRefCitation>
). 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0BE41730C5C992FBB3BF38" authority="Aguilar-Aguilar &amp; Ruiz-Campos &amp; Martorelli &amp; Montes &amp; Martínez-Aquino, 2019" authorityName="Aguilar-Aguilar &amp; Ruiz-Campos &amp; Martorelli &amp; Montes &amp; Martínez-Aquino" authorityYear="2019" box="[916,1123,1782,1803]" class="Secernentea" family="Spiruridae" genus="Ascarophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="3" pageNumber="527" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="morronei" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0BE41730C5C992FBB3BF38" box="[916,1123,1782,1803]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="527">Ascarophis morronei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22F57ADBA0BE417373AC992FB74BF3F" box="[1131,1188,1782,1804]" pageId="3" pageNumber="527" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
resembles 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0BE4173644C992FA5FBF38" authorityName="Ferrer, Aznar, Balbuena, Kostadinova, Raga and Moravec" authorityYear="2005" box="[1301,1423,1782,1803]" class="Secernentea" family="Spiruridae" genus="Ascarophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="3" pageNumber="527" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="valentina">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0BE4173644C992FA5FBF38" box="[1301,1423,1782,1803]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="527">A. valentina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in terms of the close ranges for spicules, and sizes of the eggs, that also possess 2 long filaments; however, despite specimens of the new species are slightly smaller than 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0BE41737F0C835FACCBF55" authorityName="Ferrer, Aznar, Balbuena, Kostadinova, Raga and Moravec" authorityYear="2005" box="[1185,1308,1873,1894]" class="Secernentea" family="Spiruridae" genus="Ascarophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="3" pageNumber="527" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="valentina">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0BE41737F0C835FACCBF55" box="[1185,1308,1873,1894]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="527">A. valentina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, distances from the anterior extremity of nerve ring and excretory pore are comparatively longer. Additionally, esophagus length is consistently shorter in the new species (except for the length of the muscular esophagus of females, which is larger than 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0CE41031DDCB5BFCD4BC67" authorityName="Ferrer, Aznar, Balbuena, Kostadinova, Raga and Moravec" authorityYear="2005" box="[652,772,1087,1108]" class="Secernentea" family="Spiruridae" genus="Ascarophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="4" pageNumber="528" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="valentina">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0CE41031DDCB5BFCD4BC67" box="[652,772,1087,1108]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="528">A. valentina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), and the distance of the vulva from the anterior end is smaller than 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0CE4103324CB1DFF3FBCBD" authorityName="Ferrer, Aznar, Balbuena, Kostadinova, Raga and Moravec" authorityYear="2005" box="[117,239,1145,1166]" class="Secernentea" family="Spiruridae" genus="Ascarophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="4" pageNumber="528" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="valentina">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0CE4103324CB1DFF3FBCBD" box="[117,239,1145,1166]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="528">A. valentina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, probably associated with the slightly smaller size of females; furthermore, its position is more anterior (distance of the vulva from anterior end / body length ¼ 60 % ± 0.89 vs. 74% ± 3.0 for 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0CE4103390CBB5FEEBBCD5" authorityName="Ferrer, Aznar, Balbuena, Kostadinova, Raga and Moravec" authorityYear="2005" box="[193,315,1233,1254]" class="Secernentea" family="Spiruridae" genus="Ascarophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="4" pageNumber="528" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="valentina">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0CE4103390CBB5FEEBBCD5" box="[193,315,1233,1254]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="528">A. valentina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Additional differences between both species are host orders (
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0CE4103278CB8AFE05BD37" box="[297,469,1262,1284]" class="Actinopterygii" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="528" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Scorpaeniformes</taxonomicName>
vs. 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0CE4103156CB8AFD51BD37" box="[519,641,1262,1284]" class="Actinopterygii" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="528" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Perciformes</taxonomicName>
) and its very disjunct geographical distribution (Southern 
<collectingRegion id="49ACF826BA0CE4103116CA6FFD7FBD12" box="[583,687,1291,1313]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="4" pageNumber="528">California</collectingRegion>
Bight vs. Western Mediterranean, sensu 
<bibRefCitation id="EFF94B35BA0CE41032EFCA4CFD4EBD0D" author="SPALDING, M. D. &amp; H. E. FOX &amp; G. R. ALLEN &amp; N. DAVIDSON &amp; Z. A. FERDANA &amp; M. FINLAYSON &amp; B. S. HALPERN &amp; M. A. JORGE &amp; A. LOMBANA &amp; S. A &amp; LOURIE, ET &amp; AL" box="[446,670,1320,1342]" pageId="4" pageNumber="528" pagination="573 - 583" refId="ref7997" refString="SPALDING, M. D., H. E. FOX, G. R. ALLEN, N. DAVIDSON, Z. A. FERDANA, M. FINLAYSON, B. S. HALPERN, M. A. JORGE, A. LOMBANA, S. A. LOURIE, ET AL. 2007. Marine ecoregions of the world: A bioregionalization of coastal and shelf areas. BioScience 57: 573 - 583." type="journal article" year="2007">Spalding et al., 2007</bibRefCitation>
). All other remaining 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0CE41033BBCA22FE7ABD68" box="[234,426,1349,1371]" pageId="4" pageNumber="528">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0CE41033BBCA22FE88BD68" box="[234,344,1350,1371]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="528">Ascarophis</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
with filaments on a single pole (
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0CE410332CCA07FD11BD4A" authority="Nikolaeva and Naidenova, 1964" authorityName="Nikolaeva and Naidenova" authorityYear="1964" box="[125,705,1379,1401]" class="Secernentea" family="Spiruridae" genus="Ascarophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="4" pageNumber="528" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="capelanus">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0CE410332CCA07FE87BD4B" box="[125,343,1379,1400]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="528">Ascarophis capelanus</emphasis>
Nikolaeva and Naidenova, 1964
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0CE4103180CA07FE60BDA5" authority="Wang, 1984" authorityName="Wang" authorityYear="1984" class="Secernentea" family="Spiruridae" genus="Ascarophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="4" pageNumber="528" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="epinepheli">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0CE4103180CA07FECBBDA6" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="528">Ascarophis epinepheli</emphasis>
Wang, 1984
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0CE4103293CAE4FF78BD80" authority="Poljansky, 1952" authorityName="Poljansky" authorityYear="1952" class="Secernentea" family="Spiruridae" genus="Ascarophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="4" pageNumber="528" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="filiformis">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0CE4103293CAE4FD48BDA6" box="[450,664,1408,1429]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="528">Ascarophis filiformis</emphasis>
Poljansky, 1952
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0CE41033E8CAF9FE3EBD80" authority="Ko, 1985" authorityName="Ko" authorityYear="1985" box="[185,494,1437,1459]" class="Secernentea" family="Spiruridae" genus="Ascarophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="4" pageNumber="528" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="minuta">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0CE41033E8CAF9FEAABD81" box="[185,378,1437,1458]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="528">Ascarophis minuta</emphasis>
Ko, 1985
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0CE4103151CAF9FEC3BDE3" authority="Van Beneden, 1871" authorityName="Van Beneden" authorityYear="1871" class="Secernentea" family="Spiruridae" genus="Ascarophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="4" pageNumber="528" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="morrhuae">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0CE4103151CAF9FD0ABD81" box="[512,730,1437,1458]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="528">Ascarophis morrhuae</emphasis>
Van Beneden, 1871
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0CE4103274CADFFD44BDE3" authority="Olsen, 1952" authorityName="Olsen" authorityYear="1952" box="[293,660,1466,1488]" class="Secernentea" family="Spiruridae" genus="Ascarophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="4" pageNumber="528" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="sebastodis">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0CE4103274CADFFDD4BDE3" box="[293,516,1467,1488]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="528">Ascarophis sebastodis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF94B35BA0CE4103142CADEFD44BDE3" author="OLSEN, L. S." box="[531,660,1466,1488]" pageId="4" pageNumber="528" pagination="173 - 215" refId="ref7454" refString="OLSEN, L. S. 1952. Some nematodes parasitic in marine fishes. Publications of the Institute of Marine Science, University of Texas 11: 173 - 215." type="journal article" year="1952">Olsen, 1952</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0CE41031F4CADFFF19BDDE" authorityName="Solov'eva" authorityYear="1987" class="Secernentea" family="Spiruridae" genus="Ascarophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="4" pageNumber="528" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="slanskisi">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0CE41031F4CADFFF19BDDE" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="528">Ascarophis slanskisi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Solov’eva, 1987, 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0CE41032D5CABCFD0FBDDD" authority="Appy, 1981" authorityName="Appy" authorityYear="1981" box="[388,735,1496,1518]" class="Secernentea" family="Spiruridae" genus="Ascarophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="4" pageNumber="528" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="extalicola">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0CE41032D5CABCFD8BBDDE" box="[388,603,1496,1517]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="528">Ascarophis extalicola</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF94B35BA0CE4103134CABCFD0FBDDD" author="APPY, R. G." box="[613,735,1496,1518]" pageId="4" pageNumber="528" pagination="2193 - 2205" refId="ref5750" refString="APPY, R. G. 1981. Species of Ascarophis van Beneden, 1870 (Nematoda: Cystidicolidae) in North Atlantic fishes. Canadian Journal of Zoology 59: 2193 - 2205." type="journal article" year="1981">Appy, 1981</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0CE4103324CA91FE31BE38" authority="Zhukov, 1960" authorityName="Zhukov" authorityYear="1960" box="[117,481,1525,1547]" class="Secernentea" family="Spiruridae" genus="Ascarophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="4" pageNumber="528" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="japonica">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0CE4103324CA91FE91BE39" box="[117,321,1525,1546]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="528">Ascarophis japonica</emphasis>
Zhukov, 1960
</taxonomicName>
) can be easily differentiated from the new species by having well-developed buccal structures and/or the length of the left spicule (
<bibRefCitation id="EFF94B35BA0CE41032B7C94BFD96BE76" author="KO, R. C." box="[486,582,1583,1605]" pageId="4" pageNumber="528" refId="ref6568" refString="KO, R. C. 1986. A preliminary review of the genus Ascarophis van Beneden, 1871 (Nematoda: Cystidicolidae) of the gastrointestinal tract of fishes. Department of Zoology / University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China, 54 p." type="book" year="1986">Ko, 1986</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EFF94B35BA0CE4103101C94BFCD8BE76" author="FERRER, E. &amp; J AZNAR &amp; J. A. BALBUENA &amp; A. KOSTADINOVA &amp; J. A. RAGA &amp; F. MORAVEC" box="[592,776,1583,1605]" pageId="4" pageNumber="528" pagination="335 - 344" refId="ref6210" refString="FERRER, E., F. J AZNAR, J. A. BALBUENA, A. KOSTADINOVA, J. A. RAGA, AND F. MORAVEC. 2005. A new cystidicolid nematode from Mullus surmuletus (Perciformes: Mullidae) from the western Mediterranean. Journal of Parasitology 91: 335 - 344." type="journal article" year="2005">Ferrer et al., 2005</bibRefCitation>
). On the other hand, remaining species with reduced labia differ from 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0CE41033E3C90EFEFFBE4C" authorityName="Aguilar-Aguilar &amp; Ruiz-Campos &amp; Martorelli &amp; Montes &amp; Martínez-Aquino" authorityYear="2019" box="[178,303,1642,1663]" class="Secernentea" family="Spiruridae" genus="Ascarophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="4" pageNumber="528" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="morronei">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0CE41033E3C90EFEFFBE4C" box="[178,303,1642,1663]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="528">A. morronei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by lack of filaments on the eggs (
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0CE41031F6C90EFEC8BEAE" authority="Machida, 1981" authorityName="Machida" authorityYear="1981" class="Secernentea" family="Spiruridae" genus="Ascarophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="4" pageNumber="528" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="nasonis">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0CE41031F6C90EFCC3BE4C" box="[679,787,1642,1663]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="528">A. nasonis</emphasis>
Machida, 1981
</taxonomicName>
), or the presence of filaments on both poles (
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0CE410332CC9C0FE08BE89" authority="Caballero, 1975" authorityName="Caballero" authorityYear="1975" box="[125,472,1700,1722]" class="Secernentea" family="Spiruridae" genus="Ascarophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="4" pageNumber="528" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="ayalai">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0CE410332CC9C0FEFEBE8A" box="[125,302,1700,1721]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="528">Ascarophis ayalai</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF94B35BA0CE4103264C9C0FE08BE89" author="CABALLERO, G." box="[309,472,1700,1722]" pageId="4" pageNumber="528" pagination="649 - 652" refId="ref5829" refString="CABALLERO, G. 1975. Contribution a la connaissance den ne matodes de poissons marins du Mexique II. Sur une nouvelle espe`ce de Rhabdochonidae. Bulletin du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle 301: 649 - 652." type="journal article" year="1975">Caballero, 1975</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0CE41032B2C9C0FD84BE8A" baseAuthorityName="Munoz, Gonzalez and George-Nascimento" baseAuthorityYear="2004" box="[483,596,1700,1721]" class="Secernentea" family="Spiruridae" genus="Ascarophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="4" pageNumber="528" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="chilensis">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0CE41032B2C9C0FD84BE8A" box="[483,596,1700,1721]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="528">A. chilensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0CE4103130C9C0FD0FBE8A" baseAuthorityName="Munoz, Gonzalez and George-Nascimento" baseAuthorityYear="2004" box="[609,735,1700,1721]" class="Secernentea" family="Spiruridae" genus="Ascarophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="4" pageNumber="528" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="maulensis">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0CE4103130C9C0FD0FBE8A" box="[609,735,1700,1721]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="528">A. maulensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0CE4103324C9A6FF05BEE4" authorityName="Moravec and Justine" authorityYear="2007" box="[117,213,1730,1751]" class="Secernentea" family="Spiruridae" genus="Ascarophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="4" pageNumber="528" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="richeri">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0CE4103324C9A6FF05BEE4" box="[117,213,1730,1751]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="528">A. richeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF17664CBA0CE41033DCCCADFDAABBC7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7752806" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7752806" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7752806/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="528" startId="4.[141,198,969,988]" targetBox="[117,1487,202,942]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="8BD736C4BA0CE41033DCCCADFDAABBC7" blockId="4.[117,1488,969,1012]" pageId="4" pageNumber="528">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0CE41033DCCCADFF0BBBEF" bold="true" box="[141,219,969,988]" pageId="4" pageNumber="528">Figure 3.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0CE41033A0CCAEFE77BBEE" authority="Aguilar-Aguilar &amp; Ruiz-Campos &amp; Martorelli &amp; Montes &amp; Martínez-Aquino, 2019" authorityName="Aguilar-Aguilar &amp; Ruiz-Campos &amp; Martorelli &amp; Montes &amp; Martínez-Aquino" authorityYear="2019" box="[241,423,970,989]" class="Secernentea" family="Spiruridae" genus="Ascarophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="4" pageNumber="528" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="morronei" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0CE41033A0CCAEFE77BBEE" box="[241,423,970,989]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="528">Ascarophis morronei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22F57ADBA0CE41032FDCCADFE0DBBEF" box="[428,477,969,988]" pageId="4" pageNumber="528" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0CE41032B9CCADFE27BBEF" bold="true" box="[488,503,969,988]" pageId="4" pageNumber="528">A</emphasis>
) Female. Anterior end (lateral view). (
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0CE4103003CCADFCB0BBEF" bold="true" box="[850,864,969,988]" pageId="4" pageNumber="528">B</emphasis>
) Eggs. (
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0CE41030F8CCADFC68BBEF" bold="true" box="[937,952,969,988]" pageId="4" pageNumber="528">C</emphasis>
) Female. Detail of excretory pore (e.p.) aperture in relation with the nervous ring (n.r.). (
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0CE41032D3CC85FE42BBC7" bold="true" box="[386,402,993,1012]" pageId="4" pageNumber="528">D</emphasis>
) Detail of vulvar region.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BD736C4BA0CE41033DCC9BBFB25BD10" blockId="4.[117,787,1057,1956]" lastBlockId="4.[818,1488,1057,1315]" pageId="4" pageNumber="528">
Two species of the genus 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0CE41032C7C9BBFDD4BEC7" authorityName="Van Beneden" authorityYear="1871" box="[406,516,1759,1780]" class="Secernentea" family="Spiruridae" genus="Ascarophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="4" pageNumber="528" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0CE41032C7C9BBFDD4BEC7" box="[406,516,1759,1780]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="528">Ascarophis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have been described from fishes of the family 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0CE4103204C998FD45BF21" authority="(Ferrer et al., 2005)" baseAuthorityName="Ferrer" baseAuthorityYear="2005" box="[341,661,1788,1810]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cottidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="528" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">
Cottidae (
<bibRefCitation id="EFF94B35BA0CE4103290C998FD5EBF21" author="FERRER, E. &amp; J AZNAR &amp; J. A. BALBUENA &amp; A. KOSTADINOVA &amp; J. A. RAGA &amp; F. MORAVEC" box="[449,654,1788,1810]" pageId="4" pageNumber="528" pagination="335 - 344" refId="ref6210" refString="FERRER, E., F. J AZNAR, J. A. BALBUENA, A. KOSTADINOVA, J. A. RAGA, AND F. MORAVEC. 2005. A new cystidicolid nematode from Mullus surmuletus (Perciformes: Mullidae) from the western Mediterranean. Journal of Parasitology 91: 335 - 344." type="journal article" year="2005">Ferrer et al., 2005</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0CE41031F4C998FF69BF1D" authorityName="Polyansky" authorityYear="1952" class="Secernentea" family="Spiruridae" genus="Ascarophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="4" pageNumber="528" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="arctica">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0CE41031F4C998FF69BF1D" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="528">Ascarophis arctica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was recorded from the Fourhorn Sculpin 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0CE4103124C87DFF20BF7F" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cottidae" genus="Myoxocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="528" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="quadricornis">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0CE4103124C87DFF20BF7F" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="528">Myoxocephalus quadricornis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(L., 1758), from the northern Baltic Sea (Fagerholm and Berland, 1988), and clearly differs of 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0CE410314BC830FD42BF5A" authority="Aguilar-Aguilar &amp; Ruiz-Campos &amp; Martorelli &amp; Montes &amp; Martínez-Aquino, 2019" authorityName="Aguilar-Aguilar &amp; Ruiz-Campos &amp; Martorelli &amp; Montes &amp; Martínez-Aquino" authorityYear="2019" box="[538,658,1876,1897]" class="Secernentea" family="Spiruridae" genus="Ascarophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="4" pageNumber="528" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="morronei" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0CE410314BC830FD42BF5A" box="[538,658,1876,1897]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="528">A. morronei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22F57ADBA0CE41031C6C830FD1EBF59" box="[663,718,1876,1898]" pageId="4" pageNumber="528" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
by the presence of filaments on both poles. Furthermore, 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0CE41031F8C815FCC2BFB5" authorityName="Polyansky" authorityYear="1952" box="[681,786,1905,1926]" class="Secernentea" family="Spiruridae" genus="Ascarophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="4" pageNumber="528" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="arctica">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0CE41031F8C815FCC2BFB5" box="[681,786,1905,1926]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="528">A. arctica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
exhibits a left spicule two times bigger than in the new species. The other species, 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0CE41030BCCB46FBBCBC04" authorityName="Appy" authorityYear="1981" box="[1005,1132,1058,1079]" class="Secernentea" family="Spiruridae" genus="Ascarophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="4" pageNumber="528" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="extalicola">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0CE41030BCCB46FBBCBC04" box="[1005,1132,1058,1079]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="528">A. extalicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, was described from the mucosa of rectum and posterior intestine of the Atlantic Cod 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0CE410366ECB5BFA1FBC67" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[1343,1487,1087,1108]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gadidae" genus="Gadus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gadiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="528" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="morhua">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0CE410366ECB5BFA1FBC67" box="[1343,1487,1087,1108]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="528">Gadus morhua</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(L., 1758), and was also found in the rectum of one longhorn sculpin 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0CE41030D5CB1EFA41BCA3" authority="(Mitchill, 1814)" baseAuthorityName="Mitchill" baseAuthorityYear="1814" box="[900,1425,1146,1168]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cottidae" genus="Myoxocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="528" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="octodecemspinosus">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0CE41030D5CB1EFB34BCBC" box="[900,1252,1146,1167]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="528">Myoxocephalus octodecemspinosus</emphasis>
(Mitchill, 1814)
</taxonomicName>
, from Passamaquoddy Bay, 
<collectingCountry id="F37F7654BA0CE410377CCBF3FBAEBC9E" box="[1069,1150,1175,1197]" name="Canada" pageId="4" pageNumber="528">Canada</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFF94B35BA0CE41037C7CBF3FACDBC9E" author="APPY, R. G." box="[1174,1309,1175,1197]" pageId="4" pageNumber="528" pagination="2193 - 2205" refId="ref5750" refString="APPY, R. G. 1981. Species of Ascarophis van Beneden, 1870 (Nematoda: Cystidicolidae) in North Atlantic fishes. Canadian Journal of Zoology 59: 2193 - 2205." type="journal article" year="1981">Appy, 1981</bibRefCitation>
). Both sites of infection inside the host and geographic locations are relevant differences respect to the new species. In addition, 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0CE410361CCBB7FA1FBCDB" authorityName="Appy" authorityYear="1981" box="[1357,1487,1235,1256]" class="Secernentea" family="Spiruridae" genus="Ascarophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="4" pageNumber="528" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="extalicola">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0CE410361CCBB7FA1FBCDB" box="[1357,1487,1235,1256]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="528">A. extalicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
exhibits numerous filaments arising from one pole, and the left spicule is smaller than in 
<taxonomicName id="4C684D47BA0CE410376ACA6AFB65BD10" authority="Aguilar-Aguilar &amp; Ruiz-Campos &amp; Martorelli &amp; Montes &amp; Martínez-Aquino, 2019" authorityName="Aguilar-Aguilar &amp; Ruiz-Campos &amp; Martorelli &amp; Montes &amp; Martínez-Aquino" authorityYear="2019" box="[1083,1205,1294,1315]" class="Secernentea" family="Spiruridae" genus="Ascarophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="4" pageNumber="528" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="morronei" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B91CEAD6BA0CE410376ACA6AFB65BD10" box="[1083,1205,1294,1315]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="528">A. morronei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22F57ADBA0CE41037EDCA69FB25BD10" box="[1212,1269,1293,1315]" pageId="4" pageNumber="528" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>