340 lines
37 KiB
XML
340 lines
37 KiB
XML
<document id="731C78504EA76D63F4CBAA7ACB8FCD81" ID-CLB-Dataset="305477" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.253.3.6" ID-GBIF-Dataset="fe372868-736a-4d78-a001-6d9bae0a861c" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13675316" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="guilherme" checkinTime="1725406153821" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Gustafsson, Mats H. G. & Borchsenius, Finn" docDate="2016" docId="03B7776DFFB8961CFF47F9F57D971068" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.253.3.6.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 253 (3)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.253.3.6" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.13:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="13" docTitle="Clusia nubium M. H. G. Gust. & Borchs. 2016, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="221" masterDocId="FF8E0F15FFB8961EFFCFFF887D4A165B" masterDocTitle="Clusia nubium (Clusiaceae): a new species from cloud-forests of southwestern Ecuador" masterLastPageNumber="222" masterPageNumber="219" pageNumber="219" updateTime="1732722980024" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:mods id="E77685350BFDA4D40E6BC70C5EDFB5A8" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="B13C26A4901CD25DB7C78915DD0C0468">
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<mods:title id="D6EA09371F9417EA1AC98BB226D4067B">Clusia nubium (Clusiaceae): a new species from cloud-forests of southwestern Ecuador</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="66D0F94BBDB9B412D6E0982ADB0223FA" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="44A544FDD93C12F8102299607A676C49">
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<mods:roleTerm id="EF58ECAB60849A173EBCD30FAC895507">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="9F58833CA6377A68B00CC8A9D3A412E4">Gustafsson, Mats H. G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="31C5BEC04CCB2567C2F2130490DD18B5" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="F0E9904DD1DDE6B01FA6F4D392ECC4C6">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="9C174B04CDE1AE7580A56AB0D3E52F97">Borchsenius, Finn</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="4DE369BA956EA174C95AA9643EC8E5F8">Science Museums, Aarhus University, Ole Worms Alle 1, Building 1137, DK- 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="C49A3E702835B4DE6EBBEFD00F2038D1">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="542D287EE175FC6AC6AC35A149610F42">
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<mods:title id="321B1B3FBCA1C421FA9EEB409FD70E56">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="3C0CB39752E937FA03B6AEE8119C26A4">
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<mods:date id="99440E1EC90E04F04F6D9195C26D9048">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="E1979AB17CB13F66D3B1488701D25705" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="D11652175DD2C10DDF461A9631B5DC2B">2016-03-29</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="C34E9E9088C5F806EF8E11E9696417DF">253</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="74B83B46E9EB1CE41949EFCCAEC875AB" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="58E875981EE3346140AF58D5C6BD2613">3</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="56AD2EB8A52EF4903DD36F87273B3F34">219</mods:start>
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<mods:url id="56E024D1DF4C03D17EDA966D3C4D7EE8">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.253.3.6</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification id="F334386B16096211918E089DE70B859D">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="D951A3A6BE40D1C83F0E07F21DEE7182" type="CLB-Dataset">305477</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="49A0A66BE37291C0CF386077E71AC3B6" type="DOI">10.11646/phytotaxa.253.3.6</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="2E07237CF785CEC963F50CE477E5CCEF" type="GBIF-Dataset">fe372868-736a-4d78-a001-6d9bae0a861c</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="97BC55E39AEF729D23505733F75DD7C0" type="ISSN">1179-3163</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="E88E59CEECDB82659DA96DF90B53B3AB" type="Zenodo-Dep">13675316</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="03B7776DFFB8961CFF47F9F57D971068" ID-GBIF-Taxon="247561599" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B7776DFFB8961CFF47F9F57D971068" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B7776DFFB8961CFF47F9F57D971068" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="221" pageId="0" pageNumber="219" scope_family="Clusiaceae">
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<subSubSection id="C30495F0FFB8961EFF47F9F57E8C10CD" box="[136,966,1661,1686]" pageId="0" pageNumber="219" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BA1C67BFFB8961EFF47F9F57E8C10CD" blockId="0.[136,966,1627,1686]" box="[136,966,1661,1686]" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1EBDF8FFB8961EFF47F9F57F7910CD" ID-CoL="WD8D" authority="M.H.G.Gust. & Borchs." authorityName="M. H. G. Gust. & Borchs." authorityYear="2016" box="[136,563,1661,1686]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Clusiaceae" genus="Clusia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="219" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nubium" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B96A1A69FFB8961EFF47F9F57C6610CE" bold="true" box="[136,300,1661,1685]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">Clusia nubium</emphasis>
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M.H.G.Gust. & Borchs.
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="B96A1A69FFB8961EFDF6F9F77FC010CD" box="[569,650,1663,1686]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A259A712FFB8961EFDF6F9F77FC010CD" box="[569,650,1663,1686]" pageId="0" pageNumber="219" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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(sect.
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<emphasis id="B96A1A69FFB8961EFD00F9F67E2C10CD" bold="true" box="[719,870,1662,1686]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">Retinostemon</emphasis>
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) (
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<figureCitation id="1325DAFEFFB8961EFCB1F9F77EF610CD" box="[894,956,1663,1686]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[136,229,1876,1897]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,211,1812]" captionTargetId="figure-14@1.[151,1436,188,1850]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Clusia nubium. A—Branch with male flowers; B—Female flower; C—Fruit; D—Partially open fruit; E—Fully mature, open fruit with seeds. Drawn from the type. Scale 1:1." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13675318" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13675318/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C30495F0FFB8961EFF47F9407C241112" pageId="0" pageNumber="219" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BA1C67BFFB8961EFF47F9407C241112" blockId="0.[136,1452,1736,1973]" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1EBDF8FFB8961EFF47F9407F5D1086" authority="M. H. G. Gust. & Borchs." authorityName="M. H. G. Gust. & Borchs." box="[136,535,1736,1757]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Clusiaceae" genus="Clusia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="219" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nubium">
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<emphasis id="B96A1A69FFB8961EFF47F9407C521086" box="[136,280,1736,1757]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">Clusia nubium</emphasis>
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M.H.G. Gust. & Borchs.
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</taxonomicName>
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is distinct from all other species of sect.
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<emphasis id="B96A1A69FFB8961EFC74F94079741086" box="[955,1086,1736,1757]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">Retinostemon</emphasis>
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in the combination of creamy-white petals, turning yellowish brown with age; the presence of a dome-shaped synandrium with well over 150 numerous fertile anthers surrounding a small number of central (15–40), resiniferous staminodia; and large fruits over
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<quantity id="4CE66B9EFFB8961EFB8AF898793E117E" box="[1093,1140,1808,1829]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="0" pageNumber="219" unit="cm" value="5.0">5 cm</quantity>
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long with 9–15 peltate stigmata arranged in a ring.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C30495F0FFB8961EFF47F8D07EBB11EE" pageId="0" pageNumber="219" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BA1C67BFFB8961EFF47F8D07EBB11EE" blockId="0.[136,1452,1736,1973]" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">
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<collectingCounty id="62C0BEF7FFB8961EFF47F8D07DF01136" box="[136,186,1880,1901]" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">Type</collectingCounty>
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:—
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<materialsCitation id="3B76CC26FFB8961EFF1AF8D07E1A11EE" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4983506305" collectingDate="2004-08-13" collectionCode="QCA" collectorName="M. H. G. Gustafsson & F. Borchsenius & P. Trenel" country="Ecuador" elevation="1750" location="Pinas - Machala" municipality="Sambotambo" pageId="0" pageNumber="219" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="El Oro province" typeStatus="holotype">
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<collectingCountry id="F30986EBFFB8961EFF1AF8D07C071136" box="[213,333,1880,1901]" name="Ecuador" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">ECUADOR</collectingCountry>
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.
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<collectingRegion id="49DA0899FFB8961EFE98F8D07CBD1136" box="[343,503,1880,1901]" country="Ecuador" name="El Oro" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">El Oro province</collectingRegion>
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:
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<collectingMunicipality id="6BC55C01FFB8961EFDCFF8D07FCB1136" box="[512,641,1880,1901]" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">Sambotambo</collectingMunicipality>
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, km 11.5 on dirt road going north from main road
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<location id="8EC190A0FFB8961EFBA2F8D078481136" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B7776DFFB8961CFF47F9F57D971068:8EC190A0FFB8961EFBA2F8D078481136" box="[1133,1282,1880,1901]" country="Ecuador" county="Type" municipality="Sambotambo" name="Pinas - Machala" pageId="0" pageNumber="219" stateProvince="El Oro province">Piñas–Machala</location>
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,
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||
<quantity id="4CE66B9EFFB8961EFAC3F8D078741136" box="[1292,1342,1880,1901]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="0" pageNumber="219" unit="km" value="8.0">8 km</quantity>
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||
past Piñas, remnants of montane rainforest along small river, surrounded by pastures,
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||
<quantity id="4CE66B9EFFB8961EFC4AF8F4794011CA" box="[901,1034,1916,1937]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.7" pageId="0" pageNumber="219" unit="m" value="1750.0" valueMax="1800.0" valueMin="1700.0">
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<elevation id="00332148FFB8961EFC4AF8F4794011CA" box="[901,1034,1916,1937]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.7" pageId="0" pageNumber="219" unit="m" value="1750.0" valueMax="1800.0" valueMin="1700.0">1700–1800 m</elevation>
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||
</quantity>
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||
elevation,
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||
<date id="FFA0E0BBFFB8961EFBBCF8F4784011CA" box="[1139,1290,1916,1937]" pageId="0" pageNumber="219" value="2004-08-13">
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||
<collectingDate id="EFE41953FFB8961EFBBCF8F4784011CA" box="[1139,1290,1916,1937]" pageId="0" pageNumber="219" value="2004-08-13">13 August 2004</collectingDate>
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||
</date>
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||
(fl.
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||
<specimenCount id="9D180DF2FFB8961EFAFDF8F1780E11CA" box="[1330,1348,1913,1937]" count="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="219" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
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; fl.
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<specimenCount id="9D180DF2FFB8961EFAA5F8F1783611CA" box="[1386,1404,1913,1937]" count="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="219" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
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; fr.),
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<emphasis id="B96A1A69FFB8961EFF72F8287FE411EE" box="[189,686,1952,1973]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">
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<collectorName id="26EBA3ADFFB8961EFF72F8287C3311EE" box="[189,377,1952,1973]" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">M.H.G. Gustafsson</collectorName>
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,
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<collectorName id="26EBA3ADFFB8961EFE4CF8287F5A11EE" box="[387,528,1952,1973]" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">F. Borchsenius</collectorName>
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&
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<collectorName id="26EBA3ADFFB8961EFDE0F8287FC911EE" box="[559,643,1952,1973]" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">P. Trénel</collectorName>
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569
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</emphasis>
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||
(
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<typeStatus id="54A578D9FFB8961EFD75F8287E5A11EE" box="[698,784,1952,1973]" pageId="0" pageNumber="219" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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||
<collectionCode id="ED0F5EBEFFB8961EFCD9F8287E1A11EE" box="[790,848,1952,1973]" collectionName="QCA" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">QCA</collectionCode>
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</materialsCitation>
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!,
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<materialsCitation id="3B76CC26FFB8961EFC93F8287EAD11EE" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4983506303" box="[860,999,1952,1973]" collectingDate="2004-08-13" collectionCode="AAU" collectorName="M. H. G. Gustafsson & F. Borchsenius & P. Trenel" country="Ecuador" elevation="1750" location="Pinas - Machala" municipality="Sambotambo" pageId="0" pageNumber="219" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="El Oro province" typeStatus="isotype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A578D9FFB8961EFC93F8287EEB11EE" box="[860,929,1952,1973]" pageId="0" pageNumber="219" type="isotype">isotype</typeStatus>
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||
<collectionCode id="ED0F5EBEFFB8961EFC69F8287EA911EE" box="[934,995,1952,1973]" collectionName="AAU" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">AAU</collectionCode>
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||
!
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C30495F0FFB8961CFF47F86F7FE31488" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="221" pageId="0" pageNumber="219" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA1C67BFFB8961CFF47F86F7FE31488" blockId="0.[136,1452,2023,2082]" lastBlockId="2.[136,1452,160,1587]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="221" pageId="0" pageNumber="219">
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||
Epiphytic or terrestrial shrubs or small trees up to
|
||
<quantity id="4CE66B9EFFB8961EFD68F86F7F9B11A5" box="[679,721,2023,2046]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="0" pageNumber="219" unit="m" value="7.0">7 m</quantity>
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tall. Latex in branches and leaves white to cream-colored, in centre of branches darker; soon turning brown. Young branches with cuticle regularly peeling off in tiny, transverse strips. Leaf blades broadly obovate or rounded oblanceolate, (4–)6–30(–35) cm long; petiole
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||
<quantity id="4CE66B9EFFBA961CFC38FF28791716EC" box="[1015,1117,160,183]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="0.7" pageId="2" pageNumber="221" unit="mm" value="11.0" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="7.0">7–15 mm</quantity>
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long, not winged, but strongly widened basally; leaf surface often dull except when young, dark green, venation somewhat obscure in fresh leaves, secretory channels appearing as slightly undulating, fine lines abaxially, mostly crossing the veins at a steep angle, parallel to the midvein except near margin. Inflorescences terminal, the staminate ones with up to 10 flowers, the pistillate ones with 1–5 flowers; bracts and bracteoles decussate, similar in size and shape, ca.
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||
<quantity id="4CE66B9EFFBA961CFCBAFEB87EFB171C" box="[885,945,304,327]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="221" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
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||
long, broadly sessile, rounded at apex. Flowers
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||
<quantity id="4CE66B9EFFBA961CFF47FEDC7D931730" box="[136,217,340,363]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="221" unit="cm" value="4.5" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="4.0">4–5 cm</quantity>
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||
diam., cup-like in shape; sepals 4–5, to
|
||
<quantity id="4CE66B9EFFBA961CFD43FEDC7F921730" box="[652,728,340,363]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="221" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 mm</quantity>
|
||
long and
|
||
<quantity id="4CE66B9EFFBA961CFC8AFEDC7EDA1730" box="[837,912,340,363]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="221" unit="mm" value="15.0">15 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide, depressed-ovate green to purplish red, with a translucent margin; petals 5–6, 25–32 ×
|
||
<quantity id="4CE66B9EFFBA961CFD96FEF07F9A17D4" box="[601,720,376,399]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" metricValueMax="3.2" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="221" unit="mm" value="26.0" valueMax="32.0" valueMin="20.0">20–32 mm</quantity>
|
||
, concave, often broader than wide, sometimes irregularly lobed, at first white to cream-colored, later darkening to brownish yellow; resin in flowers of both sexes brightly yellow; staminate flowers with a dome-shaped synandrium, ca.
|
||
<quantity id="4CE66B9EFFBA961CFDA7FE487FEF178C" box="[616,677,448,471]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="221" unit="mm" value="9.0">9 mm</quantity>
|
||
tall and
|
||
<quantity id="4CE66B9EFFBA961CFCCFFE487E3B178C" box="[768,881,448,471]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" metricValueMax="1.4" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="2" pageNumber="221" unit="mm" value="13.5" valueMax="14.0" valueMin="13.0">13–14 mm</quantity>
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||
diam., with 150–250 fertile, tetrasporangiate stamens and 15–40 central resiniferous staminodia, some of which may bear rudimentary anthers; stamens and staminodia almost completely fused but anthers and tips of the staminodia free; pistillate flowers with an undivided, resin secreting, staminodial ring surrounding the base of the globular to cylindrical ovary, which is greenish with a ring of 9–15 peltate, white stigmata, each ca. 6 ×
|
||
<quantity id="4CE66B9EFFBA961CFEDBFDD87C1C143C" box="[276,342,592,615]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="221" unit="mm" value="4.0">4 mm</quantity>
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||
, minutely papillose, their base positioned ca.
|
||
<quantity id="4CE66B9EFFBA961CFC89FDD87ECF143C" box="[838,901,592,615]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="221" unit="mm" value="8.0">8 mm</quantity>
|
||
below the apex of the ovary. Mature fruit a green, fleshy capsule, to
|
||
<quantity id="4CE66B9EFFBA961CFE8AFDFC7C3314D0" box="[325,377,628,651]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="221" unit="cm" value="5.0">5 cm</quantity>
|
||
long or more; seeds ca. 15 per carpel,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE66B9EFFBA961CFCC4FDFC7E2B14D0" box="[779,865,628,651]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="221" unit="mm" value="5.0" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="4.0">4–6 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE66B9EFFBA961CFC6CFDFC794714D0" box="[931,1037,628,651]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="221" unit="mm" value="1.75" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.5">1.5–2 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide, bright red, embedded in a single, cylindrical mass formed by the brightly orange arils; seeds of each carpel closely positioned in a vertical row, endocarp scarcely lignified. Stigmata persistent on the fruits.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF6196F3FFB9961FFF47F8DC7F1111D6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13675318" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13675318" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13675318/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="220" startId="1.[136,229,1876,1897]" targetBox="[151,1435,211,1812]" targetPageId="1" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA1C67BFFB9961FFF47F8DC7F1111D6" blockId="1.[136,1452,1876,1933]" pageId="1" pageNumber="220">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A1A69FFB9961FFF47F8DC7DBD1132" bold="true" box="[136,247,1876,1897]" pageId="1" pageNumber="220">FIGURE 1</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1EBDF8FFB9961FFECDF8DC7CC41132" box="[258,398,1876,1897]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Clusiaceae" genus="Clusia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="1" pageNumber="220" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nubium">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A1A69FFB9961FFECDF8DC7CC41132" box="[258,398,1876,1897]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="220">Clusia nubium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. A—Branch with male flowers; B—Female flower; C—Fruit; D—Partially open fruit; E—Fully mature, open fruit with seeds. Drawn from the type. Scale 1:1.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30495F0FFBA961CFF72FD6879EE15F0" pageId="2" pageNumber="221" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA1C67BFFBA961CFF72FD6879EE15F0" blockId="2.[136,1452,160,1587]" pageId="2" pageNumber="221">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A1A69FFBA961CFF72FD687F8014AC" bold="true" box="[189,714,736,759]" pageId="2" pageNumber="221">
|
||
Additional specimen examined (
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A578D9FFBA961CFDE3FD687FE814AC" box="[556,674,736,759]" pageId="2" pageNumber="221" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
):—
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B76CC26FFBA961CFD05FD687F751564" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4983506301" collectingDate="2000-08-12" collectionCode="AAU, QCA" collectorName="M. H. G. Gustafsson & S. Calderon & K. S. Kyed" country="Ecuador" elevation="1950" latitude="-4.0833335" location="on road to Mercadillo" longLatPrecision="1307" longitude="-79.98333" municipality="Celica" pageId="2" pageNumber="221" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Loja province">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30986EBFFBA961CFD05FD687E0514AC" box="[714,847,736,759]" name="Ecuador" pageId="2" pageNumber="221">ECUADOR</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49DA0899FFBA961CFC96FD687EBE14AC" box="[857,1012,736,759]" country="Ecuador" name="Loja" pageId="2" pageNumber="221">Loja province</collectingRegion>
|
||
:
|
||
<quantity id="4CE66B9EFFBA961CFC31FD68797F14AC" box="[1022,1077,736,759]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="221" unit="km" value="3.0">
|
||
<locationDeviation id="9A13DF59FFBA961CFC31FD68797F14AC" box="[1022,1077,736,759]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="221" unit="km" value="3.0">3 km</locationDeviation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
past
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BC55C01FFBA961CFBA0FD6879F914AC" box="[1135,1203,736,759]" pageId="2" pageNumber="221">Celica</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
<location id="8EC190A0FFBA961CFB75FD6878E214AC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B7776DFFB8961CFF47F9F57D971068:8EC190A0FFBA961CFB75FD6878E214AC" box="[1210,1448,736,759]" country="Ecuador" latitude="-4.0833335" longLatPrecision="1307" longitude="-79.98333" municipality="Celica" name="on road to Mercadillo" pageId="2" pageNumber="221" stateProvince="Loja province">on road to Mercadillo</location>
|
||
, pasture with remnant vegetation,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE66B9EFFBA961CFE26FC8C7F361540" box="[489,636,772,795]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.95" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.9" pageId="2" pageNumber="221" unit="m" value="1950.0" valueMax="2000.0" valueMin="1900.0">
|
||
<elevation id="00332148FFBA961CFE26FC8C7F361540" box="[489,636,772,795]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.95" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.9" pageId="2" pageNumber="221" unit="m" value="1950.0" valueMax="2000.0" valueMin="1900.0">1900–2000 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
elevation,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE2AA0BCFFBA961CFD20FC8C7E671540" box="[751,813,772,795]" degrees="4" direction="south" minutes="5" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="221" precision="925" value="-4.0833335">4°5’S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE2AA0BCFFBA961CFCFDFC8C7EDE1540" box="[818,916,772,795]" degrees="79" direction="west" minutes="59" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="221" precision="925" value="-79.98333">79°59’W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFA0E0BBFFBA961CFC51FC8C79021540" box="[926,1096,772,795]" pageId="2" pageNumber="221" value="2000-08-12">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFE41953FFBA961CFC51FC8C79021540" box="[926,1096,772,795]" pageId="2" pageNumber="221" value="2000-08-12">12 August 2000</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, (fl.
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D180DF2FFBA961CFBB8FC8879C11540" box="[1143,1163,768,795]" count="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="221" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
; fr.)
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A1A69FFBA961CFB71FC8C7CEF1564" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="221">
|
||
<collectorName id="26EBA3ADFFBA961CFB71FC8C78C71540" box="[1214,1421,772,795]" pageId="2" pageNumber="221">M.H.G. Gustafsson</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26EBA3ADFFBA961CFA58FC8C7DA61564" pageId="2" pageNumber="221">S. Calderon</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName id="26EBA3ADFFBA961CFEC2FCA07C3D1564" box="[269,375,808,831]" pageId="2" pageNumber="221">K.S. Kyed</collectorName>
|
||
381
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED0F5EBEFFBA961CFE7DFCA07CBA1564" box="[434,496,808,831]" pageId="2" pageNumber="221">AAU</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED0F5EBEFFBA961CFE35FCA07F7D1564" box="[506,567,808,831]" pageId="2" pageNumber="221">QCA</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B76CC26FFBA961CFD86FCA07CF515DC" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4983506304" collectingDate="2000-08-12" collectionCode="AAU, QCA" collectorName="M. H. G. Gustafsson & S. Calderon & K. S. Kyed" country="Ecuador" county="Finca" elevation="1750" latitude="-4.0" location="Mercadillo" longLatPrecision="1307" longitude="-79.95" municipality="Calderon" pageId="2" pageNumber="221" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
|
||
Finca of the
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BC55C01FFBA961CFD01FCA07E7A1564" box="[718,816,808,831]" pageId="2" pageNumber="221">Calderón</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
family, taking a trail NE from
|
||
<location id="8EC190A0FFBA961CFBB9FCA079A11564" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B7776DFFB8961CFF47F9F57D971068:8EC190A0FFBA961CFBB9FCA079A11564" box="[1142,1259,808,831]" country="Ecuador" county="Finca" latitude="-4.0" longLatPrecision="1307" longitude="-79.95" municipality="Calderon" name="Mercadillo" pageId="2" pageNumber="221">Mercadillo</location>
|
||
towards the crest, cloud forest remnants,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE66B9EFFBA961CFEB3FCC47F5A1538" box="[380,528,844,867]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.7" pageId="2" pageNumber="221" unit="m" value="1750.0" valueMax="1800.0" valueMin="1700.0">
|
||
<elevation id="00332148FFBA961CFEB3FCC47F5A1538" box="[380,528,844,867]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.7" pageId="2" pageNumber="221" unit="m" value="1750.0" valueMax="1800.0" valueMin="1700.0">1700–1800 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
elevation,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE2AA0BCFFBA961CFD4AFCC47F881538" box="[645,706,844,867]" degrees="4" direction="south" minutes="0" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="221" precision="925" value="-4.0">4°0’S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE2AA0BCFFBA961CFD06FCC47E611538" box="[713,811,844,867]" degrees="79" direction="west" minutes="57" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="221" precision="925" value="-79.95">79°57’W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFA0E0BBFFBA961CFCF9FCC47E951538" box="[822,991,844,867]" pageId="2" pageNumber="221" value="2000-08-12">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFE41953FFBA961CFCF9FCC47E951538" box="[822,991,844,867]" pageId="2" pageNumber="221" value="2000-08-12">12 August 2000</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
(fl.
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D180DF2FFBA961CFBC3FCC0796A1538" box="[1036,1056,840,867]" count="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="221" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
),
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A1A69FFBA961CFBF9FCC47C6815DC" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="221">
|
||
<collectorName id="26EBA3ADFFBA961CFBF9FCC4784D1538" box="[1078,1287,844,867]" pageId="2" pageNumber="221">M.H.G. Gustafsson</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26EBA3ADFFBA961CFADDFCC478DA1538" box="[1298,1424,844,867]" pageId="2" pageNumber="221">S. Calderon</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName id="26EBA3ADFFBA961CFF47FCF87DB915DC" box="[136,243,880,903]" pageId="2" pageNumber="221">K.S. Kyed</collectorName>
|
||
382
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED0F5EBEFFBA961CFEFEFCF87C2515DC" box="[305,367,880,903]" collectionName="AAU" pageId="2" pageNumber="221">AAU</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED0F5EBEFFBA961CFEB5FCF87CFD15DC" box="[378,439,880,903]" collectionName="QCA" pageId="2" pageNumber="221">QCA</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B76CC26FFBA961CFE05FCF879EB15F0" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4983506302" collectingDate="2004-01-12" collectionCode="AAU, QCA" collectorName="M. H. G. Gustafsson & P. Trenel" country="Ecuador" elevation="1450" latitude="-3.889722" location="road to Balsas" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-79.64555" municipality="Olmedo" pageId="2" pageNumber="221" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<quantity id="4CE66B9EFFBA961CFE05FCF87F4415DC" box="[458,526,880,903]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="2" pageNumber="221" unit="km" value="19.0">19 km</quantity>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BC55C01FFBA961CFD9FFCF87FEC15DC" box="[592,678,880,903]" pageId="2" pageNumber="221">Olmedo</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
on
|
||
<location id="8EC190A0FFBA961CFD1FFCF87E2015DC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B7776DFFB8961CFF47F9F57D971068:8EC190A0FFBA961CFD1FFCF87E2015DC" box="[720,874,880,903]" country="Ecuador" latitude="-3.889722" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-79.64555" municipality="Olmedo" name="road to Balsas" pageId="2" pageNumber="221">road to Balsas</location>
|
||
, pasture with scattered trees,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE66B9EFFBA961CFB67FCF8787615DC" box="[1192,1340,880,903]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.45" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="2" pageNumber="221" unit="m" value="1450.0" valueMax="1500.0" valueMin="1400.0">
|
||
<elevation id="00332148FFBA961CFB67FCF8787615DC" box="[1192,1340,880,903]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.45" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="2" pageNumber="221" unit="m" value="1450.0" valueMax="1500.0" valueMin="1400.0">1400–1500 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
elevation,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE2AA0BCFFBA961CFF47FC1C7DB615F0" box="[136,252,916,939]" degrees="3" direction="south" minutes="53" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="221" precision="15" seconds="23" value="-3.889722">3°53’23’’S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE2AA0BCFFBA961CFECBFC1C7CDA15F0" box="[260,400,916,939]" degrees="79" direction="west" minutes="38" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="221" precision="15" seconds="44" value="-79.64555">79°38’44’’W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFA0E0BBFFBA961CFE54FC1C7F0115F0" box="[411,587,916,939]" pageId="2" pageNumber="221" value="2004-01-12">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFE41953FFBA961CFE54FC1C7F0115F0" box="[411,587,916,939]" pageId="2" pageNumber="221" value="2004-01-12">12 January 2004</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
(fr.),
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A1A69FFBA961CFD47FC1C7EA015F0" box="[648,1002,916,939]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="221">
|
||
<collectorName id="26EBA3ADFFBA961CFD47FC1C7E1C15F0" box="[648,854,916,939]" pageId="2" pageNumber="221">M.H.G. Gustafsson</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName id="26EBA3ADFFBA961CFCB7FC1C7E9C15F0" box="[888,982,916,939]" pageId="2" pageNumber="221">P. Trénel</collectorName>
|
||
5
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
66 (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED0F5EBEFFBA961CFBDCFC1C791B15F0" box="[1043,1105,916,939]" collectionName="AAU" pageId="2" pageNumber="221">AAU</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED0F5EBEFFBA961CFB93FC1C79D315F0" box="[1116,1177,916,939]" collectionName="QCA" pageId="2" pageNumber="221">QCA</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30495F0FFBA961CFF72FC307EC41348" pageId="2" pageNumber="221" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA1C67BFFBA961CFF72FC307EC41348" blockId="2.[136,1452,160,1587]" pageId="2" pageNumber="221">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A1A69FFBA961CFF72FC307C131594" bold="true" box="[189,345,952,975]" pageId="2" pageNumber="221">Discussion:—</emphasis>
|
||
The new species clearly belongs to
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A1A69FFBA961CFD14FC307FBE1594" box="[731,756,952,975]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="221">C.</emphasis>
|
||
sect.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A1A69FFBA961CFCFCFC307E8E1594" box="[819,964,952,975]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="221">Retinostemon</emphasis>
|
||
, which is distributed in Central America, the Andes region and western Amazon, up to
|
||
<quantity id="4CE66B9EFFBA961CFDF7FC547FCD15A8" box="[568,647,988,1011]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="221" unit="m" value="2000.0">2000 m</quantity>
|
||
elevation. The section is characterized by male flowers with a resin-secreting synandrium of completely fused stamens and sometimes also anthers and staminodes. Resin functions as a pollinator reward and is collected by certain groups of bees that use it in nest construction, an adaptation known from only four angiosperm genera (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8FBB8AFFBA961CFF13FBC07CDC1204" author="Armbruster, W. S." box="[220,406,1096,1119]" pageId="2" pageNumber="221" pagination="1149 - 1160" refId="ref1872" refString="Armbruster, W. S. (1984) The role of resin in angiosperm pollination: ecological and chemical considerations. American Journal of Botany 71: 1149 - 1160. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2307 / 2443391" type="journal article" year="1984">Armbruster 1984</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8FBB8AFFBA961CFE50FBC07F8C1204" author="Gustafsson, M. H. G. & Bittrich, V." box="[415,710,1096,1119]" pageId="2" pageNumber="221" pagination="183 - 203" refId="ref1954" refString="Gustafsson, M. H. G. & Bittrich, V. (2003) Evolution of morphological diversity and resin secretion in flowers of Clusia L. (Clusiaceae): Insights from ITS sequence variation. Nordic Journal of Botany 22: 183 - 203. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1756 - 1051.2002. tb 01364. x" type="journal article" year="2003">Gustafsson & Bittrich 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The flowers of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1EBDF8FFBA961CFCB9FBC0795B1204" box="[886,1041,1096,1119]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Clusiaceae" genus="Clusia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="221" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nubium">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A1A69FFBA961CFCB9FBC0795B1204" box="[886,1041,1096,1119]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="221">Clusia nubium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are unusual within the section in being creamy-white at first. As in several other species they turn yellowish brown with age. Petal color in
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A1A69FFBA961CFB0DFBE4799112D8" box="[1218,1243,1132,1155]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="221">C.</emphasis>
|
||
sect.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A1A69FFBA961CFAD5FBE478E112D8" box="[1306,1451,1132,1155]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="221">Retinostemon</emphasis>
|
||
is otherwise either bright white, or various shades of pink, red, purple or black. The species is further unique in having a dome-shaped synandrium with numerous fertile anthers surrounding a number of central, resiniferous staminodes. Usually the same stamens produce both resin and pollen. The high number of peltate stigmata in the female flowers is also highly distinctive. Finally, fruits are larger than usual for
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A1A69FFBA961CFD50FB747FF21348" box="[671,696,1276,1299]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="221">C.</emphasis>
|
||
sect.
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A1A69FFBA961CFD3AFB747ECC1348" box="[757,902,1276,1299]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="221">Retinostemon</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30495F0FFBA961CFF72FAA8780913B0" pageId="2" pageNumber="221" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA1C67BFFBA961CFF72FAA8780913B0" blockId="2.[136,1452,160,1587]" pageId="2" pageNumber="221">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A1A69FFBA961CFF72FAA87CAC136C" bold="true" box="[189,486,1312,1335]" pageId="2" pageNumber="221">Habitat and conservation:</emphasis>
|
||
—
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1EBDF8FFBA961CFDCFFAA87FD6136C" box="[512,668,1312,1335]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Clusiaceae" genus="Clusia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="221" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nubium">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A1A69FFBA961CFDCFFAA87FD6136C" box="[512,668,1312,1335]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="221">Clusia nubium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
occurs in lower montane cloud forests of Southern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30986EBFFBA961CFB72FAA87852136C" box="[1213,1304,1312,1335]" name="Ecuador" pageId="2" pageNumber="221">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
. The montane forests in the Sambotambo area are situated on the western slopes of the Andes just outside the mouth of the dry valley of Piñas, and are frequently covered by clouds formed by the rise of moisture laden air blowing in from the Pacific Ocean. The new species appears to be endemic to this region that is also home to a variety of other narrowly endemic plant species (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8FBB8AFFBA961CFF40FA387C1F139C" author="Borchsenius, F." box="[143,341,1456,1479]" pageId="2" pageNumber="221" pagination="379 - 399" refId="ref1916" refString="Borchsenius, F. (1997) Patterns of plant species endemism in Ecuador. Biodiversity and Conservation 6: 379 - 399. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1023 / A: 1018312724137" type="journal article" year="1997">Borchsenius 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Given the few existing collections it is difficult to assess its conservation status with certainty, but the apparently limited range and high degree of deforestation in its area of occurrence suggest it might be vulnerable.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30495F0FFBA961CFF72FA707D971068" pageId="2" pageNumber="221" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA1C67BFFBA961CFF72FA707D971068" blockId="2.[136,1452,160,1587]" pageId="2" pageNumber="221">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A1A69FFBA961CFF72FA707C0B1054" bold="true" box="[189,321,1528,1551]" pageId="2" pageNumber="221">Etymology:</emphasis>
|
||
—The new species has been named
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1EBDF8FFBA961CFD01FA707E601054" box="[718,810,1528,1551]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Clusiaceae" genus="Clusia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="221" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nubium">
|
||
“
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A1A69FFBA961CFD15FA707E601054" box="[730,810,1528,1551]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="221">nubium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
” meaning “of the clouds”, a reference to the habitat of the species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |