352 lines
34 KiB
XML
352 lines
34 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.272951" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e2c88f4c-3ac2-45f9-95e4-99b75561a081" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="272951" ID-ZooBank="6D68A019-6F63-4AA4-A8B3-92D351F1F69B" checkinTime="1484409208030" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Van, Rob W. M." docDate="2017" docId="03A800107700FFF5FF14A5379253FB3A" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4217.1.1.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1" docStyle="DocumentStylede.uka.ipd.idaho.easyIO.settings.Settings@5ce3343f" docStyleName="zootaxa.2013.monograph" docTitle="Erylus rhabdocoronatus Van, 2017, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="19" lastPageNumber="90" masterDocId="FF9178687757FFACFF83A36B907DFF9A" masterDocTitle="Sponges of the Guyana Shelf" masterLastPageNumber="225" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="88" updateTime="1645784257244" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Sponges of the Guyana Shelf</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Van, Rob W. M.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2017</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>1</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>225</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.272951</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">e2c88f4c-3ac2-45f9-95e4-99b75561a081</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">272951</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">6D68A019-6F63-4AA4-A8B3-92D351F1F69B</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5698636" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127419938" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5698636" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A800107700FFF5FF14A5379253FB3A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A800107700FFF5FF14A5379253FB3A" lastPageId="89" lastPageNumber="90" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
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<subSubSection pageId="87" pageNumber="88" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="87.[151,546,1628,1687]" box="[151,546,1628,1654]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
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<heading bold="true" box="[151,546,1628,1654]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" reason="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,546,1628,1654]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
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<taxonomicName box="[151,445,1628,1654]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="rhabdocoronatus" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,445,1628,1654]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Erylus rhabdocoronatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel box="[452,546,1628,1654]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="87.[151,546,1628,1687]" box="[151,310,1662,1687]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
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<figureCitation box="[151,269,1662,1687]" captionStart="FIGURE 55" captionStartId="88.[151,250,1923,1945]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,481,1901]" captionTargetId="figure@88.[151,1436,481,1901]" captionTargetPageId="88" captionText="FIGURE 55. Erylus rhabdocoronatus sp. nov., a, habitus of holotype RMNH Por. 9339 (scale bar = 1 cm), b – g, SEM images of spicules, b, oxea, b 1, details of b, c, orthotriaene, d, microrhabd, d 1, enlarged microrhabd to show crowns of spines on the apices, e, aspidaster, e 1, detail of surface of aspidaster, f, large oxyasters, g, small oxyaster." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/273006/files/figure.png" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Figures 55</figureCitation>
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a–g
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="87" pageNumber="88" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph blockId="87.[151,1436,1734,2011]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1424726244" collectingDate="1970-08-26" collectionCode="RMNH" country="Guyana" elevation="76" latitude="6.7333" location="Material" longLatPrecision="551" longitude="-52.75" municipality="Por" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,385,1734,1759]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A800107700FFF5FF14A5379253FB3A:8EDEE7DD7700FFFBFF14A5AD9082F945" box="[151,255,1734,1759]" country="Guyana" latitude="6.7333" longLatPrecision="551" longitude="-52.75" municipality="Por" name="Material" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Material</location>
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examined.
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</emphasis>
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<typeStatus box="[393,497,1734,1759]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Holotype</typeStatus>
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<collectionCode box="[505,589,1735,1758]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">RMNH</collectionCode>
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<collectingMunicipality box="[597,636,1735,1758]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Por</collectingMunicipality>
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9339, French
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<collectingCountry box="[800,890,1735,1759]" name="Guyana" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Guyana</collectingCountry>
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, ‘Luymes’
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<collectingCountry box="[1019,1106,1735,1759]" name="Guyana" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Guyana</collectingCountry>
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Shelf Expedition, station 14,
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<geoCoordinate box="[151,259,1770,1795]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" precision="5" value="6.7333">6.7333°N</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate box="[266,367,1770,1795]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" precision="555" value="-52.75">52.75°W</geoCoordinate>
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, depth
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<quantity box="[447,507,1770,1795]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.6" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" unit="m" value="76.0">
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<elevation box="[447,507,1770,1795]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.6" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" unit="m" value="76.0">76 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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, bottom muddy calcareous sand,
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<date box="[880,1063,1770,1795]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" value="1970-08-26">
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<collectingDate box="[880,1063,1770,1795]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" value="1970-08-26">26 August 1970</collectingDate>
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</date>
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="87.[151,1436,1734,2011]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1424726225" collectionCode="USNM" country="Puerto Rico" elevation="120" location="Puerto Rico" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" specimenCode="USNM 22268" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,519,1806,1831]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Examined for comparison.</emphasis>
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Slide of the
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<typeStatus box="[666,764,1806,1831]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">holotype</typeStatus>
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of
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<taxonomicName authority="De Laubenfels, 1934" authorityName="De Laubenfels" authorityYear="1934" box="[804,1195,1806,1831]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="alleni">
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<emphasis box="[804,948,1806,1831]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Erylus alleni</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation author="De" box="[956,1195,1806,1831]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" refString="De Laubenfels, M. W. (1934) New sponges from the Puerto Rican Deep. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, 91, 1 - 28." type="journal article" year="1934">De Laubenfels, 1934</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<specimenCode box="[1208,1369,1806,1831]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
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<collectionCode box="[1208,1289,1807,1831]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">USNM</collectionCode>
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22268
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</specimenCode>
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, from
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<collectingCountry box="[151,287,1842,1867]" name="Puerto Rico" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Puerto Rico</collectingCountry>
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,
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<quantity box="[298,414,1842,1867]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1949999999999998" metricValueMax="1.7100000000000002" metricValueMin="0.6799999999999999" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" unit="m" value="119.5" valueMax="171.0" valueMin="68.0">
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<elevation box="[298,414,1842,1867]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1949999999999998" metricValueMax="1.7100000000000002" metricValueMin="0.6799999999999999" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" unit="m" value="119.5" valueMax="171.0" valueMin="68.0">68–171 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="89" lastPageNumber="90" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="87.[151,1436,1734,2011]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,345,1878,1903]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Description.</emphasis>
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A fragment of a finger-shaped sponge (
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<figureCitation box="[808,887,1878,1903]" captionStart="FIGURE 55" captionStartId="88.[151,250,1923,1945]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,481,1901]" captionTargetId="figure@88.[151,1436,481,1901]" captionTargetPageId="88" captionText="FIGURE 55. Erylus rhabdocoronatus sp. nov., a, habitus of holotype RMNH Por. 9339 (scale bar = 1 cm), b – g, SEM images of spicules, b, oxea, b 1, details of b, c, orthotriaene, d, microrhabd, d 1, enlarged microrhabd to show crowns of spines on the apices, e, aspidaster, e 1, detail of surface of aspidaster, f, large oxyasters, g, small oxyaster." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/273006/files/figure.png" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Fig 55</figureCitation>
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a),
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<quantity box="[923,1001,1878,1903]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" unit="cm" value="2.5">2.5 cm</quantity>
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high and
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<quantity box="[1120,1188,1879,1903]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" unit="mm" value="8.0">8 mm</quantity>
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in diameter. Color in alcohol beige, both inside and outside. Surface optically smooth, but microhispid due to being overgrown by a thinly encrusting
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<taxonomicName box="[347,478,1950,1975]" class="Demospongiae" family="Spirastrellidae" genus="Spirastrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[347,478,1950,1975]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Spirastrella</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(see below); no apparent openings. Consistency firm, but fragile.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="87.[151,1436,1734,2011]" lastBlockId="88.[151,1436,151,429]" lastPageId="88" lastPageNumber="89" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,309,1986,2011]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Skeleton.</emphasis>
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The usual surface skeleton is present consisting of a layer of partially overlapping aspidasters covered by a dense mass of microrhabds and carried by the cladomes of subcortical orthotriaenes. Choanosomal skeleton a largely confused mass of oxeas and a few triaenes, with bundles of oxeas traversing the choanosome.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="88.[151,1436,151,429]" box="[199,1321,223,248]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,304,223,248]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Spicules.</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation box="[319,403,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURE 55" captionStartId="88.[151,250,1923,1945]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,481,1901]" captionTargetId="figure@88.[151,1436,481,1901]" captionTargetPageId="88" captionText="FIGURE 55. Erylus rhabdocoronatus sp. nov., a, habitus of holotype RMNH Por. 9339 (scale bar = 1 cm), b – g, SEM images of spicules, b, oxea, b 1, details of b, c, orthotriaene, d, microrhabd, d 1, enlarged microrhabd to show crowns of spines on the apices, e, aspidaster, e 1, detail of surface of aspidaster, f, large oxyasters, g, small oxyaster." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/273006/files/figure.png" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Figs 55</figureCitation>
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b–g) Oxeas, plagiotriaenes, microrhabds, aspidasters, two categories of oxyasters.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="88.[151,1436,151,429]" box="[199,1215,260,285]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">
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Oxeas (
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<figureCitation box="[284,372,260,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 55" captionStartId="88.[151,250,1923,1945]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,481,1901]" captionTargetId="figure@88.[151,1436,481,1901]" captionTargetPageId="88" captionText="FIGURE 55. Erylus rhabdocoronatus sp. nov., a, habitus of holotype RMNH Por. 9339 (scale bar = 1 cm), b – g, SEM images of spicules, b, oxea, b 1, details of b, c, orthotriaene, d, microrhabd, d 1, enlarged microrhabd to show crowns of spines on the apices, e, aspidaster, e 1, detail of surface of aspidaster, f, large oxyasters, g, small oxyaster." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/273006/files/figure.png" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Figs 55</figureCitation>
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b,b1), fusiform, curved, with sharp points, 261–
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<emphasis box="[904,946,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">513</emphasis>
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–648
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<date box="[1009,1056,260,284]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" value="2014-10">x 14</date>
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–
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<emphasis box="[1072,1121,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">21.1</emphasis>
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–29 µm.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="88.[151,1436,151,429]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">
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Ortho/plagiotriaenes (
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<figureCitation box="[458,553,295,320]" captionStart="FIGURE 55" captionStartId="88.[151,250,1923,1945]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,481,1901]" captionTargetId="figure@88.[151,1436,481,1901]" captionTargetPageId="88" captionText="FIGURE 55. Erylus rhabdocoronatus sp. nov., a, habitus of holotype RMNH Por. 9339 (scale bar = 1 cm), b – g, SEM images of spicules, b, oxea, b 1, details of b, c, orthotriaene, d, microrhabd, d 1, enlarged microrhabd to show crowns of spines on the apices, e, aspidaster, e 1, detail of surface of aspidaster, f, large oxyasters, g, small oxyaster." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/273006/files/figure.png" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Fig. 55</figureCitation>
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c), short-shafted; rhabdomes 204–
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<emphasis box="[973,1015,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">309</emphasis>
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–378
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<date box="[1092,1139,296,320]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">x 9</date>
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–
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<emphasis box="[1154,1203,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">15.3</emphasis>
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–24 µm, cladomes 305–
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<emphasis box="[207,249,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">371</emphasis>
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–450 µm; cladi 163–
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<emphasis box="[482,524,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">206</emphasis>
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–224
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<date box="[587,621,332,356]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">x 9</date>
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–
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<emphasis box="[636,681,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">11.6</emphasis>
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–21 µm.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="88.[151,1436,151,429]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">
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Microrhabds (
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<figureCitation box="[362,456,367,392]" captionStart="FIGURE 55" captionStartId="88.[151,250,1923,1945]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,481,1901]" captionTargetId="figure@88.[151,1436,481,1901]" captionTargetPageId="88" captionText="FIGURE 55. Erylus rhabdocoronatus sp. nov., a, habitus of holotype RMNH Por. 9339 (scale bar = 1 cm), b – g, SEM images of spicules, b, oxea, b 1, details of b, c, orthotriaene, d, microrhabd, d 1, enlarged microrhabd to show crowns of spines on the apices, e, aspidaster, e 1, detail of surface of aspidaster, f, large oxyasters, g, small oxyaster." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/273006/files/figure.png" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Figs 55</figureCitation>
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d,d1), curved, centrotylote, all are provided with rounded ends bearing a crown of conical spines (
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<figureCitation box="[324,408,404,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 55" captionStartId="88.[151,250,1923,1945]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,481,1901]" captionTargetId="figure@88.[151,1436,481,1901]" captionTargetPageId="88" captionText="FIGURE 55. Erylus rhabdocoronatus sp. nov., a, habitus of holotype RMNH Por. 9339 (scale bar = 1 cm), b – g, SEM images of spicules, b, oxea, b 1, details of b, c, orthotriaene, d, microrhabd, d 1, enlarged microrhabd to show crowns of spines on the apices, e, aspidaster, e 1, detail of surface of aspidaster, f, large oxyasters, g, small oxyaster." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/273006/files/figure.png" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Fig. 55</figureCitation>
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d1); sizes 36–
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<emphasis box="[560,588,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">48</emphasis>
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||
–
|
||
<date box="[603,651,404,429]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" value="1957-10">57 x</date>
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2.5–
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<emphasis box="[707,742,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">4.1</emphasis>
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–6 µm.
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</paragraph>
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<caption httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/273006/files/figure.png" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" targetBox="[151,1436,481,1901]" targetPageId="88">
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<paragraph blockId="88.[151,1436,1923,2006]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">
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||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,288,1923,1945]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">FIGURE 55.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName box="[294,540,1923,1945]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="rhabdocoronatus" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis box="[294,540,1923,1945]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Erylus rhabdocoronatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
|
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[547,628,1923,1944]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">
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<taxonomicNameLabel box="[547,628,1923,1944]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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, a, habitus of holotype RMNH Por. 9339 (scale bar = 1 cm), b–g, SEM images of spicules, b, oxea, b1, details of b, c, orthotriaene, d, microrhabd, d1, enlarged microrhabd to show crowns of spines on the apices, e, aspidaster, e1, detail of surface of aspidaster, f, large oxyasters, g, small oxyaster.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph blockId="89.[151,1436,151,1184]" box="[199,1436,151,176]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
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Aspidasters (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[344,433,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURE 55" captionStartId="88.[151,250,1923,1945]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,481,1901]" captionTargetId="figure@88.[151,1436,481,1901]" captionTargetPageId="88" captionText="FIGURE 55. Erylus rhabdocoronatus sp. nov., a, habitus of holotype RMNH Por. 9339 (scale bar = 1 cm), b – g, SEM images of spicules, b, oxea, b 1, details of b, c, orthotriaene, d, microrhabd, d 1, enlarged microrhabd to show crowns of spines on the apices, e, aspidaster, e 1, detail of surface of aspidaster, f, large oxyasters, g, small oxyaster." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/273006/files/figure.png" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Figs 55</figureCitation>
|
||
e,e1), oval, thin, provided with rather spaced out rosettes, 138–
|
||
<emphasis box="[1132,1174,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">148</emphasis>
|
||
–159
|
||
<date box="[1237,1285,152,176]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" value="1989-10">x 89</date>
|
||
–
|
||
<emphasis box="[1300,1328,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">94</emphasis>
|
||
–102 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="89.[151,1436,151,1184]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
|
||
Large oxyasters (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[398,486,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 55" captionStartId="88.[151,250,1923,1945]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,481,1901]" captionTargetId="figure@88.[151,1436,481,1901]" captionTargetPageId="88" captionText="FIGURE 55. Erylus rhabdocoronatus sp. nov., a, habitus of holotype RMNH Por. 9339 (scale bar = 1 cm), b – g, SEM images of spicules, b, oxea, b 1, details of b, c, orthotriaene, d, microrhabd, d 1, enlarged microrhabd to show crowns of spines on the apices, e, aspidaster, e 1, detail of surface of aspidaster, f, large oxyasters, g, small oxyaster." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/273006/files/figure.png" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Figs 55</figureCitation>
|
||
f), with almost smooth rays, only occasional spines, variable diameters, 19–
|
||
<emphasis box="[1366,1394,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">52</emphasis>
|
||
–60 µm, ray number 3–6.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="89.[151,1436,151,1184]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
|
||
Small oxyasters (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[398,483,260,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 55" captionStartId="88.[151,250,1923,1945]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,481,1901]" captionTargetId="figure@88.[151,1436,481,1901]" captionTargetPageId="88" captionText="FIGURE 55. Erylus rhabdocoronatus sp. nov., a, habitus of holotype RMNH Por. 9339 (scale bar = 1 cm), b – g, SEM images of spicules, b, oxea, b 1, details of b, c, orthotriaene, d, microrhabd, d 1, enlarged microrhabd to show crowns of spines on the apices, e, aspidaster, e 1, detail of surface of aspidaster, f, large oxyasters, g, small oxyaster." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/273006/files/figure.png" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<quantity box="[453,483,260,285]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="5.5" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" unit="g" value="55.0">55</quantity>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
g), with much more rays, but also with few spines; diameters 12–
|
||
<emphasis box="[1244,1293,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">14.6</emphasis>
|
||
–21 µm, ray number 9–14.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection box="[199,992,332,357]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="89.[151,1436,151,1184]" box="[199,992,332,357]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,498,332,357]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Distribution and ecology.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[505,592,332,356]" name="Guyana" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Guyana</collectingCountry>
|
||
Shelf, sandy bottom at
|
||
<quantity box="[858,915,332,357]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.6" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" unit="m" value="76.0">76 m</quantity>
|
||
depth.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection box="[199,1245,367,392]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="89.[151,1436,151,1184]" box="[199,1245,367,392]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,334,367,392]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The name reflects the crown of blunt spines on the apices of all the microrhabds.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="89" pageNumber="90" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="89.[151,1436,151,1184]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,315,404,429]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
The new species differs from the closest species,
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="De Laubenfels (1934)" authorityName="De Laubenfels" authorityYear="1934" box="[890,1245,404,429]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="alleni">
|
||
<emphasis box="[890,987,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">E. alleni</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation box="[996,1245,404,429]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" refString="De Laubenfels, M. W. (1934) New sponges from the Puerto Rican Deep. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, 91, 1 - 28." type="journal article">De Laubenfels (1934)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the following features—based on a comparison with a slide made from the
|
||
<typeStatus box="[982,1080,439,464]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
<collectionCode box="[1101,1182,440,464]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
22268 and spicule measurements—(1) the aspidasters are larger (138–159
|
||
<date box="[774,822,476,500]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" value="1989-10">x 89</date>
|
||
–102 µm in the present species vs. 70–114
|
||
<date box="[1301,1392,476,500]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" value="1981-10-30">x 30–81</date>
|
||
µm in
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[180,275,511,536]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="alleni">
|
||
<emphasis box="[180,275,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">E. alleni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(curiously De Laubenfels gives only 70
|
||
<date box="[732,781,511,536]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" value="1935-10">x 35</date>
|
||
µm); (2) the microrhabds do not have the crown of spines and are on average shorter; (3) oxeas are approximately half as thick in
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[958,1053,548,573]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="alleni">
|
||
<emphasis box="[958,1053,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">E. alleni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; (4) the euaster sizes given by De Laubenfels are half the diameter (30 µm and 7 µm) of those of the new species, but re-measurement yielded sizes on average similar in both species. Perhaps De Laubenfels gave measurements of the rays. However, the shape of the rays of the larger euasters differs clearly in
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[681,776,655,680]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="alleni">
|
||
<emphasis box="[681,776,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">E. alleni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by being thinner and curved or slightly flexuous, not rigid like in
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[228,451,692,717]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="rhabdocoronatus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[228,245,693,716]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">E</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[260,451,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">rhabdocoronatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[458,548,692,717]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[458,548,692,717]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="89.[151,1436,151,1184]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
|
||
Mothes
|
||
<emphasis box="[290,346,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(1999) redescribed
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[569,664,727,752]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="alleni">
|
||
<emphasis box="[569,664,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">E. alleni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and also assigned several specimens along the Brazilian coast to that species. Spicules of one of the specimens were depicted in their fig. 4 and these images appear close to those of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="rhabdocoronatus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">E. rhabdocoronatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[350,441,799,824]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[350,441,799,824]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, especially the euasters, but there are no spines on the ends of the microrhabds, and the shape of the aspidaster is subtly broader. The larger oxyasters in Mothes
|
||
<emphasis box="[991,1050,836,861]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
’s
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1077,1174,836,861]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="alleni">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1077,1174,836,861]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">E. alleni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are dissimilar to those seen in the slide of the
|
||
<typeStatus box="[409,507,871,896]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[544,639,871,896]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="alleni">
|
||
<emphasis box="[544,639,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">E. alleni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
examined here.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="89.[151,1436,151,1184]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
|
||
<bibRefCitation box="[199,533,908,933]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" refString="Van Soest, R. W. M. & Stentoft, N. (1988) Barbados Deep-Water Sponges. In: Hummelinck, P. W. & Van der Steen, L. J. (Eds.), Uitgaven van de Natuurwetenschappelijke Studiekring voor Suriname en de Nederlandse Antillen. No. 122. Studies on the Fauna of Curacao and other Caribbean Islands, 70 (215), 1 - 175. Avaliable from: http: // www. repository. naturalis. nl / document / 549872 (Accessed 11 Jan. 2017)" type="journal article">Van Soest & Stentoft (1988)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(p. 17) reported
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[739,927,908,933]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="transiens">
|
||
<emphasis box="[739,927,908,933]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Erylus transiens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<quantity box="[1004,1079,908,932]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" unit="m" value="100.0">100 m</quantity>
|
||
off
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[1133,1242,908,933]" name="Barbados" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Barbados</collectingCountry>
|
||
, which does not conform to Weltner’s (1882) description of that species (perhaps it is
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Boury-Esnault, 1973" authorityName="Boury-Esnault" authorityYear="1973" box="[970,1346,943,968]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="corneus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[970,1094,945,968]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">E. corneus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Boury-Esnault" box="[1105,1346,943,968]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" refString="Boury-Esnault, N. (1973) Resultats scientifiques des campagnes de la " Calypso "." type="book" year="1973">Boury-Esnault, 1973</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). These authors suggested
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Sollas (1888)" authorityName="Sollas" authorityYear="1888" box="[356,715,980,1005]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="transiens">
|
||
<emphasis box="[356,490,981,1004]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">E. transiens</emphasis>
|
||
sensu
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Sollas" box="[565,715,980,1005]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" refString="Sollas, W. J. (1888) Report on the Tetractinellida collected by H. M. S. ' Challenger', during the years 1873 - 1876. Report on the Scientific Results of the Foyage of H. M. S. ' Challenger', 1873 - 1876, Zoology, 25 (63), 1 - 458." type="journal article" year="1888">Sollas (1888)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[768,863,980,1005]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="alleni">
|
||
<emphasis box="[768,863,980,1005]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">E. alleni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were synonyms. According to Mothes
|
||
<emphasis box="[1301,1356,980,1005]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(1999: 375), followed by Muricy
|
||
<emphasis box="[454,512,1015,1040]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2011: 44), the two species differ in the possession of one (
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1200,1336,1017,1040]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="transiens">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1200,1336,1017,1040]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">E. transiens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) vs. two categories of oxyasters.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="89.[151,1436,151,1184]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
|
||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1424726239" country="Brazil" location="Azores" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Azores">
|
||
The decoration of the microrhabds with crowns of spines is intermediate between entirely smooth microrhabds and those that are spined all over such as in
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Topsent, 1904" authorityName="Topsent" authorityYear="1904" box="[666,1036,1124,1149]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="granularis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[666,866,1124,1149]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Erylus granularis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Topsent" box="[875,1036,1124,1148]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" refString="Topsent, E. (1904) Spongiaires des Acores. Resultats des campagnes scientifiques accomplies par le Prince Albert I. Monaco, 25, 1 - 280." type="journal article" year="1904">Topsent, 1904</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[1152,1231,1124,1148]" country="Portugal" name="Acores" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Azores</collectingRegion>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Mothes & Lerner, 2001" authorityName="Mothes & Lerner" authorityYear="2001" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Erylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="soesti">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1290,1436,1124,1149]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Erylus soesti</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Mothes" box="[151,414,1159,1184]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" refString="Mothes, B. & Lerner, C. (2001) A new species of Erylus Gray, 1867 (Porifera, Geodiidae) from the southeastern coast of Brazil. Beaufortia, 51 (4), 83 - 89." type="journal article" year="2001">Mothes & Lerner, 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[483,555,1159,1184]" name="Brazil" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |