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<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC9E429FC4BF983FB69F9DC" bold="true" box="[1011,1256,1621,1647]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="540">Pronucellopsis pacaudi</emphasis>
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Merle, Ledon &amp; Goret,
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(
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;
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<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC9E429FC4EF8BDFBF8F830" box="[1014,1145,1899,1923]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="540">multistriatus</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC9E429FC95F86CFB9CF862" box="[813,1053,1977,2001]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="540">Muricopsis multistriatus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC9E429FB85F86FFADAF862" author="COSSMANN M. &amp; PISSARRO G." box="[1085,1371,1977,2001]" pageId="47" pageNumber="540" pagination="26 - 45" refId="ref43883" refString="COSSMANN M. &amp; PISSARRO G. 1911. - Iconographie complete des coquilles fossiles de l'Eocene du Bassin de Paris. Tome 2. Hermann, Paris: pl. 26 - 45. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 36319938" type="book chapter" year="1911">Cossmann &amp; Pissarro 1911</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 36, fig. 169bis-5 [
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC9E429FC0EF802FC5BF858" box="[950,986,2004,2027]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="540">non</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC9E429FC58F805FBFFF858" author="DESHAYES G. - P." box="[992,1150,2003,2027]" pageId="47" pageNumber="540" pagination="101 - 107" refId="ref44001" refString="DESHAYES G. - P. 1865. - Description des Animaux sans vertebres decouverts dans le bassin de Paris pour servir de supplement a la description des coquilles fossiles des environs de Paris, comprenant une revue generale de toutes les especes actuellement connues. Tome 3. Bailliere, Paris, Livraisons 45 - 46, p. 201 - 288; Atlas 2, pl. 86 - 93 [2 January]; Livraisons 47 - 48, p. 289 - 424, Atlas 2, pl. 94 - 100 [10 June]; Livraisons 49 - 50, p. 425 - 668; Atlas 2, pl. 101 - 107 [15 December]." type="journal article" year="1865">Deshayes, 1865</bibRefCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFD6E436FF3CFAC3FE89FA76" blockId="48.[132,1457,1301,1477]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFD6E436FF3CFAC3FF1CFA96" baselines="1314,1314" box="[132,157,1301,1318]" lowerCaseFontSize="5" mainFontSize="7" normCase="title" normString="Fig" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">FIG</smallCapsWord>
. 28. — New species of
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFD6E436FEDBFAC3FDB2FA95" authority="Shuto, 1969" authorityName="Shuto" authorityYear="1969" box="[355,563,1301,1318]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Flexopteron" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="48" pageNumber="541" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD6E436FEDBFAC3FE47FA95" box="[355,454,1301,1318]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">Flexopteron</emphasis>
Shuto, 1969
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFD6E436FD82FAC3FCB2FA95" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[570,819,1301,1318]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Crassimurex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="48" pageNumber="541" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subGenus" status="subgen. nov." subGenus="Pliocrassimurex">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD6E436FD82FAC3FD20FA95" box="[570,673,1301,1318]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">Crassimurex</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD6E436FD13FAC3FCAFFA95" box="[683,814,1301,1318]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">Pliocrassimurex</emphasis>
)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFD6E436FC80FAC3FC15FA95" box="[824,916,1301,1318]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541" rank="subGenus">n. subgen.</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFD6E436FC22FAC3FBE3FA95" authority="Merle, 2005" authorityName="Merle" authorityYear="2005" box="[922,1122,1301,1318]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Nucellopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="48" pageNumber="541" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD6E436FC22FAC3FC7BFA95" box="[922,1018,1301,1318]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">Nucellopsis</emphasis>
Merle, 2005
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFD6E436FB33FAC3FABDFA95" authority="Merle" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[1163,1340,1301,1318]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Pronucellopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="48" pageNumber="541" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD6E436FB33FAC3FA84FA95" box="[1163,1285,1301,1318]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">Pronucellopsis</emphasis>
Merle
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFD6E436FAFBFAC3FA01FA95" box="[1347,1408,1301,1318]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541" rank="genus">n. gen.</taxonomicNameLabel>
:
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD6E436FA3EFAC3FA12FA95" bold="true" box="[1414,1427,1301,1318]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">A</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD6E436FA25FAC3FA2BFA95" bold="true" box="[1437,1450,1301,1318]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">B</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFD6E436FF3CFAFAFED0FA8E" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[132,337,1324,1341]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Flexopteron" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="48" pageNumber="541" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="liancurtense" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD6E436FF3CFAFAFED0FA8E" box="[132,337,1324,1341]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">Flexopteron liancurtense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFD6E436FEEFFAFAFE08FA8E" box="[343,393,1324,1341]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
:
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD6E436FE28FAFAFE1CFA8E" bold="true" box="[400,413,1324,1341]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">A</emphasis>
, holotype, MNHN.F.J02578 (Cossmann coll.), Liancourt-Saint-Pierre, France, Ypresian;
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD6E436FBC4FAFAFB08FA8E" bold="true" box="[1148,1161,1324,1341]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">B</emphasis>
, paratype: MNHN.F.A77758 (
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFD6E436FA38FAFAFA2EFA8E" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[1408,1455,1324,1341]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="48" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Merle">Merle</taxonomicName>
coll.), Liancourt-Saint-Pierre;
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD6E436FEC1FA95FE1AFAE7" bold="true" box="[377,411,1347,1364]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">C -E</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFD6E436FE1EFA95FD52FAE7" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[422,723,1347,1364]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Crassimurex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="48" pageNumber="541" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="hirtus" status="n. subgen., n. sp." subGenus="Pliocrassimurex">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD6E436FE1EFA95FD8CFAE7" box="[422,525,1347,1364]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">Crassimurex</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD6E436FDAFFA95FD1BFAE7" box="[535,666,1347,1364]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">Pliocrassimurex</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD6E436FD1DFA95FD52FAE7" box="[677,723,1347,1364]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">hirtus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFD6E436FD61FA95FCEEFAE7" box="[729,879,1347,1364]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541" rank="species">n. subgen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
:
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD6E436FCCEFA95FC05FAE7" bold="true" box="[886,900,1347,1364]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">C</emphasis>
, paratype (juvenile), MNHN.F.A77753, Molins del Rei, Spain, Zanclean;
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD6E436FF03FA8FFF48FAD9" bold="true" box="[187,201,1369,1386]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">D</emphasis>
, paratype, MNHN.F.A77752, Molins del Rei;
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD6E436FD84FA8FFDC9FAD9" bold="true" box="[572,584,1369,1386]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">E</emphasis>
, holotype, MNHN.F.A77751 (MNHN coll.), Molins del Rei;
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD6E436FB90FA8FFBB2FAD9" bold="true" box="[1064,1075,1369,1386]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">F</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD6E436FB85FA8FFBCAFAD9" bold="true" box="[1085,1099,1369,1386]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">G</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFD6E436FBEDFA8FFA90FAD9" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[1109,1297,1369,1386]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Nucellopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="48" pageNumber="541" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="parisiensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD6E436FBEDFA8FFA90FAD9" box="[1109,1297,1369,1386]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">Nucellopsis parisiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFD6E436FAADFA8FFAC6FAD9" box="[1301,1351,1369,1386]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
:
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD6E436FAF5FA8FFAD9FAD9" bold="true" box="[1357,1368,1369,1386]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">F</emphasis>
, holotype, MNHN.F.R64955 (
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFD6E436FEA4FAA6FECAFA32" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[284,331,1392,1409]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="48" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Merle">Merle</taxonomicName>
coll.), Saint-Witz (Le Guépelle), France, Bartonian;
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD6E436FD4CFAA6FC83FA32" bold="true" box="[756,770,1392,1409]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">G</emphasis>
, paratype, MNHN.F.A90963 (Faullummel coll.), Saint-Witz (Le Guépelle);
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD6E436FADBFAA6FAF0FA32" bold="true" box="[1379,1393,1392,1409]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">H</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD6E436FAC3FAA6FA00FA32" bold="true" box="[1403,1409,1392,1409]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">I</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFD6E436FA33FAA6FE68FA2B" authority="Merle, Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityName="Merle, Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Pronucellopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="48" pageNumber="541" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pacaudi" status="n. gen., n. sp.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD6E436FA33FAA6FEABFA2B" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">Pronucellopsis pacaudi</emphasis>
Merle, Ledon &amp; Goret
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFD6E436FE49FA51FDEBFA2B" box="[497,618,1415,1432]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541" rank="species">n. gen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
:
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD6E436FDCAFA51FD01FA2B" bold="true" box="[626,640,1415,1432]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">H</emphasis>
, holotype, MNHN.F.J02587 (Cossmann coll.), Châlons-sur-Vesle, France, Thanetian;
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD6E436FAF7FA51FAD4FA2B" bold="true" box="[1359,1365,1415,1432]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">I</emphasis>
, paratype, MNHN.F.A90829 (Pacaud coll.), Jonchery-sur-Vesle, France, Thanetian. Scale bars: 5 mm. Scale bar: A, B, 3 mm; C, D, F-I, 5 mm; E, 10 mm. Credits: P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFD6E436FF3CF9DCFC89F991" blockId="48.[132,776,1546,1570]" box="[132,776,1546,1570]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB3711E2FFD6E436FF3CF9DCFC89F991" box="[132,776,1546,1570]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFD6E436FF36F9DDFECBF991" ID-CoL="8ZFS8" authorityName="Deshayes" authorityYear="1865" box="[142,330,1546,1570]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="48" pageNumber="541" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="multistriatus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD6E436FF36F9DDFF48F991" box="[142,201,1547,1570]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">Murex</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD6E436FF60F9DCFECBF991" box="[216,330,1546,1570]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">multistriatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<treatmentCitation id="0A8610DDFFD6E436FEE4F9DCFE7CF991" author="GLIBERT M." box="[348,509,1546,1570]" page="30" pageId="48" pageNumber="541" year="1963">
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFD6E436FEE4F9DCFE7CF991" author="GLIBERT M." box="[348,509,1546,1570]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541" pagination="1 - 179" refId="ref44626" refString="GLIBERT M. 1963. - Les Muricacea et les Buccinacea du Cenozoique etranger des collections de l'Institut royal des Sciences naturelles de Belgique. Memoires de l'Institut royal des Sciences naturelles de Belgique serie 2, 74: 1 - 179." type="journal article" year="1963">Glibert 1963: 30</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, no. 8 [
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD6E436FDF8F9DDFDE2F991" box="[576,611,1547,1570]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">non</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFD6E436FDDFF9DCFD7FF991" author="DESHAYES G. - P." box="[615,766,1546,1570]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541" pagination="101 - 107" refId="ref44001" refString="DESHAYES G. - P. 1865. - Description des Animaux sans vertebres decouverts dans le bassin de Paris pour servir de supplement a la description des coquilles fossiles des environs de Paris, comprenant une revue generale de toutes les especes actuellement connues. Tome 3. Bailliere, Paris, Livraisons 45 - 46, p. 201 - 288; Atlas 2, pl. 86 - 93 [2 January]; Livraisons 47 - 48, p. 289 - 424, Atlas 2, pl. 94 - 100 [10 June]; Livraisons 49 - 50, p. 425 - 668; Atlas 2, pl. 101 - 107 [15 December]." type="journal article" year="1865">Deshayes, 1865</bibRefCitation>
].
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFD6E436FF3AF9EFFE3DF9DE" blockId="48.[130,774,1593,1645]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB3711E2FFD6E436FF3AF9EFFE3DF9DE" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFD6E436FF3AF9EFFEE9F9E2" ID-CoL="8YPH4" baseAuthorityName="Deshayes" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[130,360,1593,1617]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Trophonopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="48" pageNumber="541" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="multistriata">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD6E436FF3AF9EFFEE9F9E2" box="[130,360,1593,1617]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">Trophonopsis multistriata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<treatmentCitation id="0A8610DDFFD6E436FEC5F9EFFD28F9E2" author="LE RENARD J. &amp; PACAUD J. - M." box="[381,681,1593,1617]" page="114" pageId="48" pageNumber="541" year="1995">
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFD6E436FEC5F9EFFD28F9E2" author="LE RENARD J. &amp; PACAUD J. - M." box="[381,681,1593,1617]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541" pagination="65 - 132" refId="ref45932" refString="LE RENARD J. &amp; PACAUD J. - M. 1995. - Revision des Mollusques paleogenes du Bassin de Paris. 2: Liste des references primaires des especes. Cossmanniana 3 (3): 65 - 132." type="journal article" year="1995">Le Renard &amp; Pacaud 1995: 114</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, Ref.GA-169bis-5 [
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD6E436FF51F980FE8CF9DE" box="[233,269,1622,1645]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">non</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFD6E436FEABF983FE30F9DE" author="DESHAYES G. - P." box="[275,433,1621,1645]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541" pagination="101 - 107" refId="ref44001" refString="DESHAYES G. - P. 1865. - Description des Animaux sans vertebres decouverts dans le bassin de Paris pour servir de supplement a la description des coquilles fossiles des environs de Paris, comprenant une revue generale de toutes les especes actuellement connues. Tome 3. Bailliere, Paris, Livraisons 45 - 46, p. 201 - 288; Atlas 2, pl. 86 - 93 [2 January]; Livraisons 47 - 48, p. 289 - 424, Atlas 2, pl. 94 - 100 [10 June]; Livraisons 49 - 50, p. 425 - 668; Atlas 2, pl. 101 - 107 [15 December]." type="journal article" year="1865">Deshayes, 1865</bibRefCitation>
].
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFD6E436FF3CF952FE5BF858" pageId="48" pageNumber="541" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFD6E436FF3CF952FEC9F8BF" blockId="48.[131,775,1668,2027]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFD6E436FF3CF952FF34F929" baselines="1685,1686" box="[132,181,1668,1691]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Type" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">TYPE</smallCapsWord>
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFD6E436FF01F95FFE95F929" baselines="1686" box="[185,276,1673,1690]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="material" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">MATERIAL</smallCapsWord>
. —
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFD6E436FE83F952FEC9F8BF" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4958671395" collectionCode="MNHN" collectorName="de Chalons-sur-Vesle &amp; Cossmann" country="France" county="Thanetian" location="Paris Basin" municipality="Paleocene" pageId="48" pageNumber="541" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD6E436FE83F952FE65F92F" bold="true" box="[315,484,1668,1692]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">
<typeStatus id="549C886EFFD6E436FE83F952FE1AF92F" box="[315,411,1668,1692]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
.
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFD6E436FE1CF952FE65F92F" box="[420,484,1668,1692]" name="France" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">France</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
<location id="8EF86017FFD6E436FE4EF952FDDEF92F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E87DAFFC9E434FC4BF983FE5FFD81:8EF86017FFD6E436FE4EF952FDDEF92F" box="[502,607,1668,1692]" country="France" county="Thanetian" municipality="Paleocene" name="Paris Basin" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">Paris Basin</location>
,
<location id="8EF86017FFD6E436FDDEF952FD29F928" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E87DAFFC9E434FC4BF983FE5FFD81:8EF86017FFD6E436FDDEF952FD29F928" box="[614,680,1668,1691]" country="France" county="Thanetian" municipality="Paleocene" name="Marne" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">Marne</location>
,
<location id="8EF86017FFD6E436FD08F952FF61F90B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E87DAFFC9E434FC4BF983FE5FFD81:8EF86017FFD6E436FD08F952FF61F90B" country="France" county="Thanetian" municipality="Paleocene" name="Chalons-sur-Vesle" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">Châlons-sur-Vesle</location>
;
<location id="8EF86017FFD6E436FF54F976FD87F90B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E87DAFFC9E434FC4BF983FE5FFD81:8EF86017FFD6E436FF54F976FD87F90B" box="[236,518,1696,1720]" country="France" county="Thanetian" municipality="Paleocene" name="Sables de Chalons-sur-Vesle" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">
Sables
<collectorName id="26D2531AFFD6E436FE88F976FD87F90B" box="[304,518,1696,1720]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">de Châlons-sur-Vesle</collectorName>
</location>
, biozone NP9;
<collectingMunicipality id="6BFCACB6FFD6E436FD1EF976FC86F90B" box="[678,775,1696,1720]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">Paleocene</collectingMunicipality>
(
<collectingCounty id="62F94E40FFD6E436FF35F96AFF75F967" box="[141,244,1724,1748]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">Thanetian</collectingCounty>
);
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFD6E436FEB9F96AFED4F960" box="[257,341,1724,1747]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">MNHN</collectionCode>
.F.J02587 (
<collectorName id="26D2531AFFD6E436FE04F96AFDA5F967" box="[444,548,1724,1748]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">Cossmann</collectorName>
coll.), figured specimen in
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFD6E436FF27F90EFE37F943" author="COSSMANN M. &amp; PISSARRO G." box="[159,438,1752,1776]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541" pagination="26 - 45" refId="ref43883" refString="COSSMANN M. &amp; PISSARRO G. 1911. - Iconographie complete des coquilles fossiles de l'Eocene du Bassin de Paris. Tome 2. Hermann, Paris: pl. 26 - 45. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 36319938" type="book chapter" year="1911">Cossmann &amp; Pissarro (1911</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 36, fig. 169bis-5), H:
<quantity id="4CDF9B29FFD6E436FD07F90EFC86F95C" box="[703,775,1752,1776]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="48" pageNumber="541" unit="mm" value="22.0">22 mm</quantity>
(
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFD6E436FF34F922FE81F8B8" box="[140,256,1780,1804]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="43.[132,143,1280,1297]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1218]" captionTargetId="figure-416@43.[700,1256,234,771]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIG. 24. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in Pronucellopsis pacaudi Merle, Ledon &amp; Goret, n. gen, n. sp.: A, B, holotype, MNHN.F.J02587 (Cossmann coll.), Châlons-sur-Vesle, Marne, Paris Basin,France, late Paleocene (Thanetian), France; C, D, paratype, MNHN.F.A90829 (Pacaud coll.), Joncherysur-Vesle, Marne, late Paleocene (Thanetian); E, F, specimen UPMC (Munier-Chlamas coll.), from a drawing of Merle (1999: pl. 66, b-d), Châlons-sur-Vesle; G, H, specimen MNHN-IM (Staadt coll.),from a drawing of Merle (1999: pl. 66,c-e), Châlons-sur-Vesle.Scale bars:5 mm. Credits:A-D,P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985821" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985821/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">Figs 24A, B</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFD6E436FEB3F922FEBDF8BF" box="[267,316,1780,1804]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="48.[132,143,1301,1318]" captionTargetBox="[145,1443,235,1238]" captionTargetId="figure-535@48.[700,1258,235,783]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="FIG. 28. — New species of Flexopteron Shuto, 1969, Crassimurex (Pliocrassimurex) n. subgen., Nucellopsis Merle, 2005 and Pronucellopsis Merle, n. gen.: A, B, Flexopteron liancurtense n. sp.: A, holotype, MNHN.F.J02578 (Cossmann coll.), Liancourt-Saint-Pierre, France, Ypresian; B, paratype: MNHN.F.A77758 (Merle coll.), Liancourt-Saint-Pierre; C-E, Crassimurex (Pliocrassimurex) hirtus n. subgen., n. sp.: C, paratype (juvenile), MNHN.F.A77753, Molins del Rei, Spain, Zanclean; D, paratype, MNHN.F.A77752, Molins del Rei; E, holotype, MNHN.F.A77751 (MNHN coll.), Molins del Rei; F, G, Nucellopsis parisiensis n. sp.: F, holotype, MNHN.F.R64955 (Merle coll.), Saint-Witz (Le Guépelle), France, Bartonian; G, paratype, MNHN.F.A90963 (Faullummel coll.), Saint-Witz (Le Guépelle); H, I, Pronucellopsis pacaudi Merle, Ledon &amp; Goret, n. gen., n. sp.: H, holotype, MNHN.F.J02587 (Cossmann coll.), Châlons-sur-Vesle, France, Thanetian; I, paratype, MNHN.F.A90829 (Pacaud coll.), Jonchery-sur-Vesle, France, Thanetian. Scale bars: 5 mm. Scale bar: A, B, 3 mm; C, D, F-I, 5 mm; E, 10 mm. Credits: P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985833" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985833/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">28H</figureCitation>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFD6E436FF3CF8C6FE5BF858" blockId="48.[131,775,1668,2027]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFD6E436FF3CF8C6FE3EF8F0" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4958671335" country="France" location="France" pageId="48" pageNumber="541" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD6E436FF3CF8C6FED5F89B" bold="true" box="[132,340,1808,1832]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">
<typeStatus id="549C886EFFD6E436FF3CF8C6FF77F89B" box="[132,246,1808,1832]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
.
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFD6E436FEB1F8C6FED5F89B" box="[265,340,1808,1832]" name="France" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">France</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
• 3 spm; same as for the holotype;
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFD6E436FF3CF8FAFF56F8F0" box="[132,215,1836,1859]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">MNHN</collectionCode>
.F.A90831 (
<collectorName id="26D2531AFFD6E436FEFDF8FDFE0AF8F0" box="[325,395,1835,1859]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">Pacaud</collectorName>
coll.)
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFD6E436FE6AF8FAFEF4F8EC" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4958671303" country="France" location="France" pageId="48" pageNumber="541" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
2 spm; idem;
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFD6E436FDE8F8FAFD22F8F0" box="[592,675,1836,1859]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">MNHN</collectionCode>
.F.A90832 (
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFD6E436FF34F89EFF63F8D3" box="[140,226,1864,1888]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">MNHN</collectionCode>
coll.) • 7 spm;
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFD6E436FEC3F891FC82F8EC" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4958671361" box="[379,771,1863,1887]" collectorName="Jonchery-sur-Vesle" country="France" location="Paris Basin" pageId="48" pageNumber="541" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<location id="8EF86017FFD6E436FEC3F891FE6AF8EC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E87DAFFC9E434FC4BF983FE5FFD81:8EF86017FFD6E436FEC3F891FE6AF8EC" box="[379,491,1863,1887]" country="France" name="Paris Basin" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">Paris Basin</location>
, Marne,
<collectorName id="26D2531AFFD6E436FDFCF891FC82F8EC" box="[580,771,1863,1887]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">Jonchery-sur-Vesle</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFD6E436FF3CF8B5FD2EF8C8" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4958671401" box="[132,687,1891,1916]" country="France" location="Paleocene" pageId="48" pageNumber="541" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<location id="8EF86017FFD6E436FF3CF8B5FF67F8C8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E87DAFFC9E434FC4BF983FE5FFD81:8EF86017FFD6E436FF3CF8B5FF67F8C8" box="[132,230,1891,1915]" country="France" name="Paleocene" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">Paleocene</location>
(Thanetian);
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFD6E436FED4F8B2FE43F8C8" box="[364,450,1892,1915]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">MNHN</collectionCode>
.F.A90833 (
<collectorName id="26D2531AFFD6E436FD8FF8B5FDF6F8C8" box="[567,631,1891,1915]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">Staadt</collectorName>
coll.)
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFD6E436FD7CF8B2FD61F82B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4958671393" country="France" location="Paleocene" pageId="48" pageNumber="541" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
1 spm; idem;
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFD6E436FF7EF856FE9CF824" box="[198,285,1920,1943]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">MNHN</collectionCode>
.F.A90829 (
<collectorName id="26D2531AFFD6E436FE2AF8A9FE5AF824" box="[402,475,1919,1943]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">Pacaud</collectorName>
coll.) (
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFD6E436FD9FF8A9FD29F824" box="[551,680,1919,1944]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="43.[132,143,1280,1297]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1218]" captionTargetId="figure-416@43.[700,1256,234,771]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIG. 24. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in Pronucellopsis pacaudi Merle, Ledon &amp; Goret, n. gen, n. sp.: A, B, holotype, MNHN.F.J02587 (Cossmann coll.), Châlons-sur-Vesle, Marne, Paris Basin,France, late Paleocene (Thanetian), France; C, D, paratype, MNHN.F.A90829 (Pacaud coll.), Joncherysur-Vesle, Marne, late Paleocene (Thanetian); E, F, specimen UPMC (Munier-Chlamas coll.), from a drawing of Merle (1999: pl. 66, b-d), Châlons-sur-Vesle; G, H, specimen MNHN-IM (Staadt coll.),from a drawing of Merle (1999: pl. 66,c-e), Châlons-sur-Vesle.Scale bars:5 mm. Credits:A-D,P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985821" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985821/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">Figs 24C, D</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFD6E436FD0EF856FD59F82B" box="[694,728,1920,1944]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="48.[132,143,1301,1318]" captionTargetBox="[145,1443,235,1238]" captionTargetId="figure-535@48.[700,1258,235,783]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="FIG. 28. — New species of Flexopteron Shuto, 1969, Crassimurex (Pliocrassimurex) n. subgen., Nucellopsis Merle, 2005 and Pronucellopsis Merle, n. gen.: A, B, Flexopteron liancurtense n. sp.: A, holotype, MNHN.F.J02578 (Cossmann coll.), Liancourt-Saint-Pierre, France, Ypresian; B, paratype: MNHN.F.A77758 (Merle coll.), Liancourt-Saint-Pierre; C-E, Crassimurex (Pliocrassimurex) hirtus n. subgen., n. sp.: C, paratype (juvenile), MNHN.F.A77753, Molins del Rei, Spain, Zanclean; D, paratype, MNHN.F.A77752, Molins del Rei; E, holotype, MNHN.F.A77751 (MNHN coll.), Molins del Rei; F, G, Nucellopsis parisiensis n. sp.: F, holotype, MNHN.F.R64955 (Merle coll.), Saint-Witz (Le Guépelle), France, Bartonian; G, paratype, MNHN.F.A90963 (Faullummel coll.), Saint-Witz (Le Guépelle); H, I, Pronucellopsis pacaudi Merle, Ledon &amp; Goret, n. gen., n. sp.: H, holotype, MNHN.F.J02587 (Cossmann coll.), Châlons-sur-Vesle, France, Thanetian; I, paratype, MNHN.F.A90829 (Pacaud coll.), Jonchery-sur-Vesle, France, Thanetian. Scale bars: 5 mm. Scale bar: A, B, 3 mm; C, D, F-I, 5 mm; E, 10 mm. Credits: P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985833" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985833/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">28I</figureCitation>
)
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFD6E436FD42F856FDCBF800" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4958671374" country="France" location="Paleocene" pageId="48" pageNumber="541" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
8 spm; idem;
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFD6E436FF44F84AFED2F800" box="[252,339,1948,1971]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">MNHN</collectionCode>
.F.A90830 (
<collectorName id="26D2531AFFD6E436FE7FF84DFD91F800" box="[455,528,1947,1971]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">Pacaud</collectorName>
coll.)
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFD6E436FDDBF84DFE5BF858" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4958671363" collectorName="Paleocene &amp; Thanetian" country="France" county="Abbecourt" location="Paris Basin" municipality="Oise" pageId="48" pageNumber="541" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
6 spm;
<location id="8EF86017FFD6E436FD16F84DFF22F87C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E87DAFFC9E434FC4BF983FE5FFD81:8EF86017FFD6E436FD16F84DFF22F87C" country="France" county="Abbecourt" municipality="Oise" name="Paris Basin" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">Paris Basin</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BFCACB6FFD6E436FF17F861FF61F87C" box="[175,224,1975,1999]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">Oise</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCounty id="62F94E40FFD6E436FF52F861FED5F87C" box="[234,340,1975,1999]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">Abbecourt</collectingCounty>
(Bois-des-Godins),
<collectorName id="26D2531AFFD6E436FD99F861FD02F87C" box="[545,643,1975,1999]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">Paleocene</collectorName>
(
<collectorName id="26D2531AFFD6E436FD29F861FD7DF87C" box="[657,764,1975,1999]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">Thanetian</collectorName>
);
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFD6E436FF3DF802FF5DF858" box="[133,220,2004,2027]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">MNHN</collectionCode>
.F.A90834 (
<collectorName id="26D2531AFFD6E436FEE8F805FE18F858" box="[336,409,2003,2027]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">Pacaud</collectorName>
coll.).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFD6E436FC95F9DDFA31F93E" pageId="48" pageNumber="541" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFD6E436FC95F9DDFA31F93E" blockId="48.[811,1456,1547,1677]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFD6E436FC95F9DDFC27F992" baselines="1565,1565" box="[813,934,1547,1571]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Additional" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">ADDITIONAL</smallCapsWord>
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFD6E436FC12F9C6FB87F992" baselines="1565" box="[938,1030,1552,1569]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="material" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">MATERIAL</smallCapsWord>
. —
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFD6E436FB96F9DDFA9AF9EB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4958671319" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">
1 spm; Paris Basin, Marne, Jonchery-sur-Vesle; Paleocene (Thanetian); UPMC (Munier-Chlamas coll.), figured specimen of
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFD6E436FC1EF996FB9FF9EB" author="MERLE D." box="[934,1054,1600,1624]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541" refId="ref46629" refString="MERLE D. 1999. - La radiation des Muricidae (Gastropoda: Neogastropoda) au Paleogene: approche phylogenetique et evolutive. Unpublished PhD thesis, Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, 499 p." type="book" year="1999">
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFD6E436FC1EF996FC5EF9EB" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[934,991,1600,1624]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="48" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Merle">Merle</taxonomicName>
(1999
</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 66, b-d) (
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFD6E436FB1FF996FA95F9EB" box="[1191,1300,1600,1624]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="43.[132,143,1280,1297]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1218]" captionTargetId="figure-416@43.[700,1256,234,771]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIG. 24. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in Pronucellopsis pacaudi Merle, Ledon &amp; Goret, n. gen, n. sp.: A, B, holotype, MNHN.F.J02587 (Cossmann coll.), Châlons-sur-Vesle, Marne, Paris Basin,France, late Paleocene (Thanetian), France; C, D, paratype, MNHN.F.A90829 (Pacaud coll.), Joncherysur-Vesle, Marne, late Paleocene (Thanetian); E, F, specimen UPMC (Munier-Chlamas coll.), from a drawing of Merle (1999: pl. 66, b-d), Châlons-sur-Vesle; G, H, specimen MNHN-IM (Staadt coll.),from a drawing of Merle (1999: pl. 66,c-e), Châlons-sur-Vesle.Scale bars:5 mm. Credits:A-D,P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985821" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985821/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">Fig. 24E, F</figureCitation>
)
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFD6E436FA89F996FC5DF93E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4958671390" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">
1 spm; idem; MNHN-IM (Staadt coll.), figured specimen of
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFD6E436FB56F98CFAE4F9C0" author="MERLE D." box="[1262,1381,1626,1651]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541" refId="ref46629" refString="MERLE D. 1999. - La radiation des Muricidae (Gastropoda: Neogastropoda) au Paleogene: approche phylogenetique et evolutive. Unpublished PhD thesis, Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, 499 p." type="book" year="1999">
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFD6E436FB56F98CFAA6F9C1" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[1262,1319,1626,1650]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="48" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Merle">Merle</taxonomicName>
(1999
</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 66, c-e) (
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFD6E436FCE6F9A3FC55F93E" box="[862,980,1653,1677]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="43.[132,143,1280,1297]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1218]" captionTargetId="figure-416@43.[700,1256,234,771]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIG. 24. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in Pronucellopsis pacaudi Merle, Ledon &amp; Goret, n. gen, n. sp.: A, B, holotype, MNHN.F.J02587 (Cossmann coll.), Châlons-sur-Vesle, Marne, Paris Basin,France, late Paleocene (Thanetian), France; C, D, paratype, MNHN.F.A90829 (Pacaud coll.), Joncherysur-Vesle, Marne, late Paleocene (Thanetian); E, F, specimen UPMC (Munier-Chlamas coll.), from a drawing of Merle (1999: pl. 66, b-d), Châlons-sur-Vesle; G, H, specimen MNHN-IM (Staadt coll.),from a drawing of Merle (1999: pl. 66,c-e), Châlons-sur-Vesle.Scale bars:5 mm. Credits:A-D,P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985821" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985821/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">Fig. 24G, H</figureCitation>
)
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFD6E436FC48F9A3FA31F93E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4958671373" box="[1008,1456,1653,1677]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">5 spm; idem; MNHN.F.A91007 (Staadt coll.).</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFD6E436FC95F973FBD8F8BE" pageId="48" pageNumber="541" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFD6E436FC95F973FBD8F8BE" blockId="48.[812,1455,1701,1805]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFD6E436FC95F973FC27F908" baselines="1718,1719" box="[813,934,1701,1724]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Etymology" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">ETYMOLOGY</smallCapsWord>
. — Dedicated to Jean-Michel Pacaud (MNHN) who has for a long time observed that
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFD6E436FB3EF916FCE0F941" authority="Deshayes, 1865" authorityName="Deshayes" authorityYear="1865" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="48" pageNumber="541" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="multistriatus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD6E436FB3EF916FAC7F964" box="[1158,1350,1727,1751]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">Murex multistriatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFD6E436FAF5F969FCE0F941" author="DESHAYES G. - P." pageId="48" pageNumber="541" pagination="101 - 107" refId="ref44001" refString="DESHAYES G. - P. 1865. - Description des Animaux sans vertebres decouverts dans le bassin de Paris pour servir de supplement a la description des coquilles fossiles des environs de Paris, comprenant une revue generale de toutes les especes actuellement connues. Tome 3. Bailliere, Paris, Livraisons 45 - 46, p. 201 - 288; Atlas 2, pl. 86 - 93 [2 January]; Livraisons 47 - 48, p. 289 - 424, Atlas 2, pl. 94 - 100 [10 June]; Livraisons 49 - 50, p. 425 - 668; Atlas 2, pl. 101 - 107 [15 December]." type="journal article" year="1865">Deshayes, 1865</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
is a junior synonym of
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFD6E436FBFFF90DFA2EF941" authority="Melleville, 1843" authorityName="Melleville" authorityYear="1843" box="[1095,1455,1754,1778]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Fusus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="48" pageNumber="541" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="angusticostatus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD6E436FBFFF90DFA8BF941" box="[1095,1290,1755,1778]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">Fusus angusticostatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFD6E436FAA9F90CFA2EF941" author="MELLEVILLE" box="[1297,1455,1754,1778]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541" pagination="1 - 2" refId="ref46417" refString="MELLEVILLE 1843. - Memoire sur les sables tertiaires inferieurs du bassin de Paris, avec la description de 78 especes de coquilles fossiles inedites de ce terrain. Annales des Sciences Geologiques 2 (1 - 2): 1 - 29, 77 - 120." type="journal article" year="1843">Melleville, 1843</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(now
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFD6E436FCDDF922FBCBF8BF" box="[869,1098,1780,1804]" class="Gastropoda" genus="Lyrofusus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="48" pageNumber="541" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="angusticostatus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD6E436FCDDF922FBCBF8BF" box="[869,1098,1780,1804]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">Lyrofusus angusticostatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFD6E436FC95F8F3FC78F812" pageId="48" pageNumber="541" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFD6E436FC95F8F3FAA2F8E4" blockId="48.[812,1455,1828,1879]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFD6E436FC95F8F3FCDCF889" baselines="1846,1846" box="[813,861,1829,1852]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Type" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">TYPE</smallCapsWord>
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFD6E436FCDCF8FCFC3EF888" baselines="1847" box="[868,959,1834,1851]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="horizon" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">HORIZON</smallCapsWord>
. — Sables de Châlons-sur-Vesle, biozone NP9, see
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFD6E436FC94F8E9FC71F8E4" author="HUYGHE D. &amp; LARTAUD F. &amp; EMMANUEL L. &amp; MERLE D. &amp; RENARD M." box="[812,1008,1855,1879]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541" pagination="576 - 587" refId="ref45097" refString="HUYGHE D., LARTAUD F., EMMANUEL L., MERLE D. &amp; RENARD M. 2015. - Palaeogene climate evolution in the Paris Basin from oxygen stable isotope (δ 18 O) compositions of marine molluscs. Journal of the Geological Society 172: 576 - 587. https: // doi. org / 10.1144 / jgs 2015 - 016" type="journal article" year="2015">
Huyghe
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD6E436FC39F8E9FC31F8E4" box="[897,944,1855,1879]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">et al.</emphasis>
(2015
</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 2), Paleocene (Thanetian).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFD6E436FC95F8B9FC78F812" blockId="48.[811,1456,1902,1953]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFD6E436FC95F8B9FCDCF837" baselines="1920,1920" box="[813,861,1903,1926]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Type" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">TYPE</smallCapsWord>
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFD6E436FCDAF8A2FC3CF836" baselines="1921" box="[866,957,1908,1925]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="locality" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">LOCALITY</smallCapsWord>
. —
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFD6E436FC5EF8B9FBABF835" box="[998,1066,1903,1926]" name="France" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">France</collectingCountry>
, Paris Basin, Marne, Châlons-sur-Vesles, see
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFD6E436FCF7F85FFC74F812" author="FRITEL P. H." box="[847,1013,1929,1953]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541" refId="ref44321" refString="FRITEL P. H. 1910. - Guide geologique et paleontologique de la region parisienne dans un rayon de 100 kilometres. Deyrolle, Paris, 356 p." type="book" year="1910">Fritel (1910: 77)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFD6E436FC95F86FFAB1F858" pageId="48" pageNumber="541" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFD6E436FC95F86FFAB1F858" blockId="48.[813,1455,1977,2027]" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFD6E436FC95F86FFC3FF87C" baselines="1994,1995" box="[813,958,1977,2000]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Distribution" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">DISTRIBUTION</smallCapsWord>
. — Paris Basin (
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFD6E436FBD5F86FFB34F862" box="[1133,1205,1977,2001]" name="France" pageId="48" pageNumber="541">France</collectingCountry>
), Paleocene (Thanetian), Sables de Bracheux and Sables de Châlons-sur-Vesle.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF586644FFD7E437FF3CFC92FAE9FC30" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985837" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13985837" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985837/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="542" startId="49.[132,143,836,853]" targetBox="[302,1286,214,792]" targetPageId="49" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFD7E437FF3CFC92FAE9FC30" blockId="49.[132,1455,836,899]" pageId="49" pageNumber="542">
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. 29. — Histogram showing the evolution of the species richness during the Paleogene in Western and Eastern Atlantic, Tethys and Austral Pacific (original histogram of
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFD7E437FF4BFC8DFE27FCDF" author="MERLE D. &amp; GARRIGUES B. &amp; POINTIER J. - P." box="[243,422,859,876]" pageId="49" pageNumber="542" refId="ref47234" refString="MERLE D., GARRIGUES B. &amp; POINTIER J. - P. 2011. - Fossil &amp; Recent Muricidae of the World. Part Muricinae. ConchBooks, Hackenheim, 652 p." type="book" year="2011">
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFD7E437FF4BFC8DFEA3FCDF" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[243,290,859,876]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="49" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Merle">Merle</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD7E437FE9FFC8DFED0FCDF" box="[295,337,859,876]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="542">et al.</emphasis>
(2011: 38
</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 11B) updated from this paper,
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFD7E437FD76FC8DFCBFFCDF" author="PACAUD J. - M." box="[718,830,859,876]" pageId="49" pageNumber="542" pagination="107 - 116" refId="ref48075" refString="PACAUD J. - M. 2018. - Timbellus danapris n. sp., une espece nouvelle de Muricidae (Mollusca, Gastropoda) du Priabonien (Eocene superieur) de Dnipro (Oblast de Dnipropetrovsk, Ukraine). Novapex 19 (4): 107 - 116." type="journal article" year="2018">Pacaud 2018</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFD7E437FCF0FC8DFC64FCDF" author="PACAUD J. - M. &amp; LEDON D. &amp; GORET B." box="[840,997,859,876]" pageId="49" pageNumber="542" pagination="58 - 61" refId="ref48127" refString="PACAUD J. - M., LEDON D. &amp; GORET B. 2017. - Timbellus capitaneus n. sp., une espece nouvelle de Muricidae (Mollusca, Gastropoda) du Lutetien (Eocene moyen) du bassin de Paris. Fossiles. Revue francaise de paleontologie 32: 58 - 61." type="journal article" year="2017">
Pacaud
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD7E437FC35FC8DFC36FCDF" box="[909,951,859,876]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="542">et al.</emphasis>
2017
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFD7E437FC57FC8DFB25FCDF" author="MERLE D. &amp; PACAUD J. - M." box="[1007,1188,859,876]" pageId="49" pageNumber="542" pagination="11 - 22" refId="ref47064" refString="MERLE D. &amp; PACAUD J. - M. 2019. - Five new muricid species (Mollusca, Gastropoda) from the Eocene of France, Senegal and Pakistan. Xenophora Taxonomy 25: 11 - 22." type="journal article" year="2019">
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFD7E437FC57FC8DFB9FFCDF" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[1007,1054,859,876]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="49" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Merle">Merle</taxonomicName>
&amp; Pacaud 2019
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFD7E437FB16FC8DFAE4FCDF" author="KOVACS Z. &amp; VICIAN Z." box="[1198,1381,859,876]" pageId="49" pageNumber="542" pagination="31 - 51" refId="ref45485" refString="KOVACS Z. &amp; VICIAN Z. 2019. - Muricidae (Neogastropoda) from the Middle Eocene of theHungarian Paleogene Basin. Fragmenta Palaeontologica Hungarica 36: 31 - 51. https: // doi. org / 10.17111 / FragmPalHung. 2019.36.31" type="journal article" year="2019">Kovács &amp; Vicián 2019</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFD7E437FAD7FC8DFF73FC30" author="MERLE D. &amp; LANDAU B. M." pageId="49" pageNumber="542" pagination="1 - 7" refId="ref46997" refString="MERLE D. &amp; LANDAU B. M. 2020. - Review of the paleobiogeography of Eofavartia Merle, 2002 (Gastropoda: Muricidae) with the description of a new species from the Miocene of Java (Indonesia). Annales de Paleontologie 106 (4): 1 - 7 https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. annpal. 2020.102444" type="journal article" year="2020">
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFD7E437FAD7FC8DFA1FFCDF" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[1391,1438,859,876]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="49" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Merle">Merle</taxonomicName>
&amp; Landau 2020
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFD7E437FF44FCA4FE0CFC30" author="LEDON D. &amp; GORET B. &amp; PACAUD J. - M. &amp; MERLE D." box="[252,397,882,899]" pageId="49" pageNumber="542" pagination="151 - 158" refId="ref45872" refString="LEDON D., GORET B., PACAUD J. - M. &amp; MERLE D. 2023. - Description de trois especes nouvelles de Timbellus de Gregorio, 1885 (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Muricidae) de l'Eocene moyen du bassin de Paris et du Cotentin. Novapex 24 (3): 151 - 158." type="journal article" year="2023">
Ledon
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD7E437FE8DFCA4FEDEFC30" box="[309,351,882,899]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="542">et al.</emphasis>
2023
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFD7E437FE2FFCA4FD88FC30" author="LOZOUET P." box="[407,521,882,899]" pageId="49" pageNumber="542" pagination="3 - 162" refId="ref46112" refString="LOZOUET P. 2023. - Muricidae (Gastropoda, Neogastropoda) de l'Oligocene superieur (Chattien) du bassin de l'Adour (Sud-Ouest de la France). Cossmanniana 24: 3 - 162." type="journal article" year="2023">Lozouet 2023</bibRefCitation>
). It illustrates the Switch phase with the increase of the proportion of the Tethysian and Pacific species.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFD7E434FF3CFC23FE5FFD81" lastPageId="50" lastPageNumber="543" pageId="49" pageNumber="542" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFD7E437FF3CFC23FE94FBBE" blockId="49.[131,777,1013,1677]" box="[132,277,1013,1039]" pageId="49" pageNumber="542">
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFD7E437FF3CFBC2FD82F93E" blockId="49.[131,777,1013,1677]" pageId="49" pageNumber="542">
Unknown protoconch. Teleoconch, up to
<quantity id="4CDF9B29FFD7E437FDF2FBC2FD19FB9C" box="[586,664,1044,1071]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="49" pageNumber="542" unit="mm" value="22.0">22 mm</quantity>
in height, up to
<quantity id="4CDF9B29FFD7E437FF7DFBE2FEA8FBFC" box="[197,297,1076,1103]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" pageId="49" pageNumber="542" unit="mm" value="12.5">12.5 mm</quantity>
in width, subfusiform in profile, composed of seven whorls. High spire with rounded whorls. Last whorl up to 67% of total length. Apical angle 45°. Spiral sculpture with weak primary cords. First and second whorls: no spiral scultpure; third and fourth whorls, P1 weak. Fifth whorl: appearance of P2. Sixth whorl: appearance of s1. Last whorl and seventh whorl: P1 to P6, s1, s2, s3 and s4 (convex part of whorls), ADP, MP (siphonal canal). Axial sculpture on first to second whorl: not observed; third whorl: nine varices; fourth whorl: 14 varices; fifth whorl: 14-16 varices; sixth whorl: 11-19 varices; seventh whorl: 12-23. Varices finely lamellose. No spine on P1. Wide, ovate aperture up to 45% of diameter and up to 84% of length of last whorl (including siphonal canal). Posterior sinus deep, no shoulder sinus. Columella slightly angular. Columellar lip smooth, narrow and adherent. Outer lip with occasional denticles. D1 to D6 small, poorly developed, ID missing. Siphonal canal, short, open, up to 23% of aperture length, slightly dorsally recurved. Pseudoumbilicus narrow.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFD7E437FF3CF964FC86F858" blockId="49.[130,775,1714,2028]" pageId="49" pageNumber="542">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFD7E437FF3CF904FEB4F95E" author="DESHAYES G. - P." box="[132,309,1746,1773]" pageId="49" pageNumber="542" pagination="101 - 107" refId="ref44001" refString="DESHAYES G. - P. 1865. - Description des Animaux sans vertebres decouverts dans le bassin de Paris pour servir de supplement a la description des coquilles fossiles des environs de Paris, comprenant une revue generale de toutes les especes actuellement connues. Tome 3. Bailliere, Paris, Livraisons 45 - 46, p. 201 - 288; Atlas 2, pl. 86 - 93 [2 January]; Livraisons 47 - 48, p. 289 - 424, Atlas 2, pl. 94 - 100 [10 June]; Livraisons 49 - 50, p. 425 - 668; Atlas 2, pl. 101 - 107 [15 December]." type="journal article" year="1865">Deshayes (1865)</bibRefCitation>
described
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFD7E437FE18F905FDEBF95F" authorityName="Deshayes" authorityYear="1865" box="[416,618,1746,1772]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="49" pageNumber="542" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="multistriatus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD7E437FE18F905FDEBF95F" box="[416,618,1746,1772]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="542">Murex multistriatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and illustrated a specimen bearing a buccinid shape (pl. 88, fig. 810). In fact, this species is a junior synonym of
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFD7E437FD95F8C4FEB9F8FF" authority="Melleville, 1843" authorityName="Melleville" authorityYear="1843" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Fusus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="49" pageNumber="542" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="angusticostatus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD7E437FD95F8C4FC87F898" box="[557,774,1810,1835]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="542">Fusus angusticostatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFD7E437FF3CF8E7FEB9F8FF" author="MELLEVILLE" box="[132,312,1841,1868]" pageId="49" pageNumber="542" pagination="1 - 2" refId="ref46417" refString="MELLEVILLE 1843. - Memoire sur les sables tertiaires inferieurs du bassin de Paris, avec la description de 78 especes de coquilles fossiles inedites de ce terrain. Annales des Sciences Geologiques 2 (1 - 2): 1 - 29, 77 - 120." type="journal article" year="1843">Melleville, 1843</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(now
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFD7E437FE3CF8E4FD07F8F8" box="[388,646,1842,1868]" class="Gastropoda" genus="Lyrofusus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="49" pageNumber="542" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="angusticostatus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD7E437FE3CF8E4FD07F8F8" box="[388,646,1842,1868]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="542">Lyrofusus angusticostatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). However,
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFD7E437FF3EF884FEC3F8DF" author="COSSMANN M." box="[134,322,1874,1900]" pageId="49" pageNumber="542" refId="ref43425" refString="COSSMANN M. 1889. - Catalogue illustre des coquilles fossiles de l'Eocene des environs de Paris faisant suite aux travaux paleontologiques de G. - P. Deshayes. 4 eme fascicule. Annales de la Societe royale Malacologique de Belgique 24: 1 - 385. [Also published as Cossmann M. 1889 (December). - Catalogue illustre des coquilles fossiles de l'Eocene des environs de Paris faisant suite aux travaux paleontologiques de G. - P. Deshayes. 4 eme fascicule, Societe royale malacologique de Belgique, Bruxelles, 385 p.]" type="book" year="1889">Cossmann (1889)</bibRefCitation>
andCossmann &amp; Pissarro (1911) confused this buccinoid species with a Thanetian
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFD7E437FDFAF8A7FD34F838" authorityName="Rafinesque" authorityYear="1815" box="[578,693,1905,1931]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="49" pageNumber="542" phylum="Mollusca" rank="family">Muricidae</taxonomicName>
, which they mistakenly called
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFD7E437FE33F844FDE1F818" authorityName="Deshayes" authorityYear="1865" box="[395,608,1937,1963]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="49" pageNumber="542" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="multistriatus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD7E437FE33F844FDE1F818" box="[395,608,1937,1963]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="542">Murex multistriatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. We described this species as
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFD7E437FEA3F867FC82F878" authority="Merle, Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityName="Merle, Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[283,771,1969,1995]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Pronucellopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="49" pageNumber="542" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pacaudi" status="n. gen., n. sp.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD7E437FEA3F867FD85F878" box="[283,516,1969,1995]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="542">Pronucellopsis pacaudi</emphasis>
Merle, Ledon &amp; Goret
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFD7E437FF3BF804FE95F85F" box="[131,276,2002,2028]" pageId="49" pageNumber="542" rank="species">n. gen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
It can be compared to
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFD7E437FDB3F807FC86F858" authorityYear="2005" box="[523,775,2001,2027]" pageId="49" pageNumber="542">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD7E437FDB3F807FD38F858" box="[523,697,2001,2027]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="542">Nucellopsis ponsi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFD7E437FD78F807FC86F858" author="MERLE D." box="[704,775,2001,2027]" pageId="49" pageNumber="542" pagination="177 - 189" refId="ref46903" refString="MERLE D. 2005 c. - Nucellopsis (Gastropoda, Muricidae), a new genus from the paralic domain of the European Palaeogene. Comptes Rendus Palevol 4 (1 - 2): 177 - 189. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. crpv. 2004.11.005" type="journal article" year="2005">Merle,</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFD7E437FC94FC22FB91FA7E" blockId="49.[811,1457,1012,1485]" pageId="49" pageNumber="542">
2005c or
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFD7E437FC2DFC23FB52FBBC" authority="(Deshayes, 1835)" baseAuthorityName="Deshayes" baseAuthorityYear="1835" box="[917,1235,1012,1039]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="49" pageNumber="542" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="plicatilis">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD7E437FC2DFC23FB8EFBBD" box="[917,1039,1012,1038]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="542">N. plicatilis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFD7E437FBA6FC22FB4AFBBC" author="DESHAYES G. - P." box="[1054,1227,1012,1039]" pageId="49" pageNumber="542" pagination="79 - 106" refId="ref43930" refString="DESHAYES G. - P. 1835. - Description des coquilles fossiles des environs de Paris. Tome 2. Livraisons 40 - 45, l'auteur, Bechet Jeune, Baudouin freres, Treuttel &amp; Wurtz, Paris: 499 - 780; Atlas 2, Levrault, Paris: pl. 79 - 106. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 52303" type="book chapter" year="1835">Deshayes, 1835</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
from the late Paleocene-early Eocene of the Paris Basin. Juveniles of
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFD7E437FAFCFBC3FBA0FBFD" authority="Merle, Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityName="Merle, Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Pronucellopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="49" pageNumber="542" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pacaudi" status="n. gen., n. sp.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD7E437FAFCFBC3FA2EFB9D" box="[1348,1455,1044,1070]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="542">P. pacaudi</emphasis>
Merle, Ledon &amp; Goret
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFD7E437FB92FBE3FB39FBFC" box="[1066,1208,1077,1103]" pageId="49" pageNumber="542" rank="species">n. gen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
share with these
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFD7E437FAD1FBE2FCE3FBDD" authorityName="Merle" authorityYear="2005" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Nucellopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="49" pageNumber="542" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD7E437FAD1FBE2FCE3FBDD" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="542">Nucellopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
a buccinid shape, but at the end of its growth
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFD7E437FAFDFB83FBA5FB3D" authority="Merle, Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityName="Merle, Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Pronucellopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="49" pageNumber="542" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pacaudi" status="n. gen., n. sp.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD7E437FAFDFB83FA2FFBDD" box="[1349,1454,1108,1134]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="542">P. pacaudi</emphasis>
Merle, Ledon &amp; Goret
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFD7E437FB95FBA3FB3DFB3C" box="[1069,1212,1141,1167]" pageId="49" pageNumber="542" rank="species">n. gen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
displays a subfusiform shape with a high spire. The sculptures (both axial and spiral) of
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFD7E437FCF2FB63FB39FB7D" authority="Merle, Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityName="Merle, Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[842,1208,1204,1230]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Pronucellopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="49" pageNumber="542" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pacaudi" status="n. gen., n. sp.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD7E437FCF2FB63FC34FB7D" box="[842,949,1204,1230]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="542">P. pacaudi</emphasis>
Merle, Ledon &amp; Goret
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFD7E437FB7AFB62FAD7FB7D" box="[1218,1366,1204,1230]" pageId="49" pageNumber="542" rank="species">n. gen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
and the internal denticles of outer lip are also less developed. Because of its high spire,
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFD7E437FC5CFB22FAD3FABD" authority="Merle, Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityName="Merle, Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[996,1362,1267,1294]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Pronucellopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="49" pageNumber="542" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pacaudi" status="n. gen., n. sp.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD7E437FC5CFB22FBCEFABE" box="[996,1103,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="542">P. pacaudi</emphasis>
Merle, Ledon &amp; Goret
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFD7E437FAE5FB22FCE7FA9D" pageId="49" pageNumber="542" rank="species">n. gen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
resembles some elongated
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFD7E437FB38FAC2FCEEFAFE" authority="(Carez, 1879)" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Carez" baseAuthorityYear="1879" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Beyregrex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="49" pageNumber="542" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sarroniensis" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD7E437FB38FAC2FADAFA9E" box="[1152,1371,1300,1325]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="542">Beyregrex sarroniensis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFD7E437FAD1FAC2FCE6FAFE" author="CAREZ L." pageId="49" pageNumber="542" pagination="637 - 641" refId="ref43315" refString="CAREZ L. 1879. - Description d'especes nouvelles du bassin de Paris. Bulletin de la Societe geologique de France serie 3, 7: 637 - 641." type="journal article" year="1879">Carez, 1879</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFD7E437FCC7FAE2FC62FAFE" box="[895,995,1331,1358]" pageId="49" pageNumber="542" rank="species">n. comb.</taxonomicNameLabel>
but in
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFD7E437FB83FAE2FB55FAFE" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Carez" baseAuthorityYear="1879" box="[1083,1236,1332,1357]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Beyregrex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="49" pageNumber="542" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sarroniensis" status="n. comb.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD7E437FB83FAE2FB55FAFE" box="[1083,1236,1332,1357]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="542">B. sarroniensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFD7E437FB66FAE2FAC3FAFE" box="[1246,1346,1331,1358]" pageId="49" pageNumber="542" rank="species">n. comb.</taxonomicNameLabel>
the spiral sculpture and the internal denticles are always more strongly developed. In addition, P1 spine is present in
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFD7E437FAA1FAA2FA2FFA3E" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Carez" baseAuthorityYear="1879" box="[1305,1454,1396,1421]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Beyregrex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="49" pageNumber="542" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sarroniensis" status="n. comb.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD7E437FAA1FAA2FA2FFA3E" box="[1305,1454,1396,1421]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="542">B. sarroniensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFD7E437FC94FA42FC0DFA1E" box="[812,908,1427,1454]" pageId="49" pageNumber="542" rank="species">n. comb.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, whereas it is missing in
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFD7E437FB28FA42FCEFFA7E" authority="Merle, Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityName="Merle, Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Pronucellopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="49" pageNumber="542" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pacaudi" status="n. gen., n. sp.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD7E437FB28FA42FB7BFA1E" box="[1168,1274,1427,1453]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="542">P. pacaudi</emphasis>
Merle, Ledon &amp; Goret
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFD7E437FCC1FA65FB91FA7E" box="[889,1040,1459,1485]" pageId="49" pageNumber="542" rank="species">n. gen., n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFD7E437FC95F9C5FC6AF99E" blockId="49.[813,1003,1555,1581]" box="[813,1003,1555,1581]" pageId="49" pageNumber="542">CONCLUSION</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFD7E437FC95F984FA9FF85F" blockId="49.[811,1458,1618,2028]" pageId="49" pageNumber="542">
Based on new field material and a re-examination of collection material, this paper presents 24 new species, four new genera, one new subgenus and one new subfamily and therefore it deeply increases the knowledge of muricid paleobiodiversity. At species level, this paper highlights the strong diversity of the Eocene
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFD7E437FC1CF924FB88F8BF" authorityName="de Gregorio" authorityYear="1885" box="[932,1033,1778,1804]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="49" pageNumber="542" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD7E437FC1CF924FB88F8BF" box="[932,1033,1778,1804]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="542">Timbellus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
which was underestimated. In addition, with 19 new species, this paper highlights the species richness of European Paleogene muricids and allows updating the diagram showing its evolution given by
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFD7E437FB04F887FA2BF8D8" author="MERLE D. &amp; GARRIGUES B. &amp; POINTIER J. - P." box="[1212,1450,1873,1900]" pageId="49" pageNumber="542" refId="ref47234" refString="MERLE D., GARRIGUES B. &amp; POINTIER J. - P. 2011. - Fossil &amp; Recent Muricidae of the World. Part Muricinae. ConchBooks, Hackenheim, 652 p." type="book" year="2011">
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFD7E437FB04F887FB7AF8D8" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[1212,1275,1873,1899]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="49" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Merle">Merle</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD7E437FABAF884FAB7F8D8" box="[1282,1334,1873,1899]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="542">et al.</emphasis>
(2011: 36
</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 21b). This update (
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFD7E437FB92F8A7FBF6F838" box="[1066,1143,1905,1931]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="49.[132,143,836,853]" captionTargetBox="[302,1286,214,792]" captionTargetId="figure-673@49.[367,1011,213,731]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="FIG. 29. — Histogram showing the evolution of the species richness during the Paleogene in Western and Eastern Atlantic, Tethys and Austral Pacific (original histogram of Merle et al. (2011: 38, fig. 11B) updated from this paper, Pacaud 2018; Pacaud et al. 2017; Merle &amp; Pacaud 2019; Kovács &amp; Vicián 2019; Merle &amp; Landau 2020; Ledon et al. 2023; Lozouet 2023). It illustrates the Switch phase with the increase of the proportion of the Tethysian and Pacific species." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985837" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985837/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="542">Fig. 29</figureCitation>
) illustrates the high muricid species richness in the Lutetian and confirms the Switch phase (Oligocene) which displays an increase of the proportion of Tethysian and Pacific species after the Eocene.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFD4E434FF23FF01FE5FFD81" blockId="50.[130,777,215,562]" pageId="50" pageNumber="543">
At supraspecific level, this paper improves the understanding of European Eocene-Oligocene basal muricids (
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFD4E434FDC1FF21FC86FEA2" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[633,775,247,273]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Pronucellopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="50" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD4E434FDC1FF21FC86FEA2" box="[633,775,247,273]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="543">Pronucellopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
n. gen,
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFD4E434FF65FECEFE0BFE82" authority="Merle" authorityName="Merle" authorityYear="2024" box="[221,394,279,305]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Beyregrex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="50" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD4E434FF65FECEFEBEFE82" box="[221,319,280,305]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="543">Beyregrex</emphasis>
Merle
</taxonomicName>
, n. gen,
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFD4E434FE57FEC1FC83FE82" authority="Merle" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[495,770,279,305]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Pseudotrophonopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="50" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFD4E434FE57FEC1FD39FE82" box="[495,696,279,305]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="543">Pseudotrophonopsis</emphasis>
Merle
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFD4E434FF3EFEEEFF54FEE1" box="[134,213,312,338]" pageId="50" pageNumber="543" rank="genus">n. gen.</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFD4E434FF5AFEE1FE47FEE2" authority="Merle" authorityName="Merle" authorityYear="2024" box="[226,454,311,337]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="50" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Nucellopsinae">Nucellopsinae Merle</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFD4E434FE6BFEEEFDCCFEE2" box="[467,589,311,338]" pageId="50" pageNumber="543" rank="subFamily">n. subfam.</taxonomicNameLabel>
), that have, until now, been shoehorned uncomfortably into extant genera and subfamilies. Supraspecific taxonomy today relies heavily on molecular data, but this paper illustrates the value of using precise homologies basing data gathered on the careful observation of shell characters with which one can construct fossil phylogenies of groups that have no living descendants (see also
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFD4E434FF5BFDC1FEA3FD82" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[227,290,535,561]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="50" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Merle">Merle</taxonomicName>
2002, 2005b, c).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>