238 lines
30 KiB
XML
238 lines
30 KiB
XML
<document id="7362A994D3CE3C30AAB8124A2F047BD0" ID="10.11646/zootaxa.4246.1.1SLASH10606" ID-CLB-Dataset="36212" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.437611" ID-GBIF-Dataset="3ff74501-6241-43b2-a52f-0e7580bb2f45" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="437611" ID-ZooBank="D8594E96-D561-4A37-9073-B138EC7E95A7" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1490260213340" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Zaragoza, Juan A." docDate="2017" docId="03889E18FFAA5500FF5C45B4FCECFD1F" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4246.1.1SLASH10606.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4246 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Hesperochthonius Muchmore 1968" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="23" masterDocId="FFB1E660FFBF5516FFCB4161FF86FFD2" masterDocTitle="Revision of the Ephippiochthonius complex in the Iberian Peninsula, Balearic Islands and Macaronesia, with proposed changes to the status of the Chthonius subgenera (Pseudoscorpiones, Chthoniidae)" masterLastPageNumber="221" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="22" updateTime="1698438337209" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="728FDE9D6C2EED6989843746F9B53D28">
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<mods:title id="393CA30695DB3B0F0AA1789CD9392ACF">Revision of the Ephippiochthonius complex in the Iberian Peninsula, Balearic Islands and Macaronesia, with proposed changes to the status of the Chthonius subgenera (Pseudoscorpiones, Chthoniidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="78D254A2352BCDF409393BEEEC0CC470">Zaragoza, Juan A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="5E8972853D23282AF341F0458AD745D2">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="E63FBABA3298D94259CF971BF1A9B491">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="19AF459C7C8B5DFFE9434D62A9565FDF">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="C26129B2A0C98674E921AFA9C46B22B8">4246</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="EA37A8B230FE358322B19ED82A4495CD" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.437611</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03889E18FFAA5500FF5C45B4FCECFD1F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5687026" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127852037" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5687026" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03889E18FFAA5500FF5C45B4FCECFD1F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03889E18FFAA5500FF5C45B4FCECFD1F" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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<subSubSection id="C33B7C85FFAA5503FF5C45B4FC87FB3D" box="[151,769,1237,1263]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B9E2F0EFFAA5503FF5C45B4FC87FB3D" blockId="21.[151,769,1237,1263]" box="[151,769,1237,1263]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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<heading id="D0D69862FFAA5503FF5C45B4FC87FB3D" bold="true" box="[151,769,1237,1263]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B955F31CFFAA5503FF5C45B4FC87FB3D" bold="true" box="[151,769,1237,1263]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C21548DFFAA5503FF2645B4FD39FB3D" ID-CoL="4W2Y" authority="Muchmore, 1968" authorityName="Muchmore" authorityYear="1968" box="[237,703,1237,1263]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Hesperochthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B955F31CFFAA5503FF2645B4FE4DFB3D" bold="true" box="[237,459,1237,1263]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Hesperochthonius</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB052FFFFAA5503FE1845B4FD39FB3D" author="Muchmore" box="[467,703,1237,1263]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refString="Muchmore, W. B. (1968) Two new species of chthoniid pseudoscorpions from the western United States (Arachnida: Chelonethida: Chthoniidae). Pan-Pacific Entomologist, 44, 51 - 57." type="journal article" year="1968" yearSuffix="n">Muchmore, 1968 n</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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. stat.
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33B7C85FFAA5503FF5C447DFCFCF84C" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8B9E2F0EFFAA5503FF5C447DFCFCF84C" blockId="21.[151,1437,1308,2022]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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<emphasis id="B955F31CFFAA5503FF5C447DFE97FAE7" bold="true" box="[151,273,1308,1333]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Genus of the tribe Chthoniini with lagyniform chela (
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<emphasis id="B955F31CFFAA5503FCA7447CFC2CFAE6" box="[876,938,1309,1332]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">sensu</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB052FFFFAA5503FC7B447DFBC7FAE7" author="Judson" box="[944,1089,1308,1333]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refString="Judson, M. L. I. (2007) A new and endangered pseudoscorpion of the genus Lagynochthonius (Arachnida, Chelonethi, Chthoniidae) from a cave in Vietnam, with notes on chelal morphology and the composition of the Tyrannochthoniini. Zootaxa, 1627, 53 - 68." type="journal article" year="2007">Judson 2007</bibRefCitation>
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), the chelal hand resembling in part the ephippiochthonian form, with variable dorsum outline, having an abrupt to flattened hump distad of trichobothria
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<emphasis id="B955F31CFFAA5503FEF94405FECEFAAF" box="[306,328,1380,1405]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">ib</emphasis>
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/
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<emphasis id="B955F31CFFAA5503FE9B4405FEF7FAAF" box="[336,369,1380,1405]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">isb</emphasis>
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and an abrupt to gentle depression towards the fixed finger base (
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<figureCitation id="131A338BFFAA5503FBB54405FB53FAAF" box="[1150,1237,1380,1405]" captionStart="FIGURES 21 – 23" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1517,1540]" captionTargetBox="[170,1401,352,1472]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[151,1436,337,1516]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 21 – 23. Hesperochthonius californicus (Chamberlin, 1929) n. comb., male holotype, California, U. S. A. 21, right chela, antiaxial view, slightly dorsal; 22, external genital area; 23, internal genital area. See Material and methods for abbreviations." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/437618/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Fig. 21</figureCitation>
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); without ventral hollow before base of movable finger; base of chelal hand gently constricted paraxially; without a medial protuberance (
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<emphasis id="B955F31CFFAA5503FEF244CCFEC9FA16" box="[313,335,1453,1476]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">ip</emphasis>
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) between chelal condyles. Proximal portion of chelal hand with 4 setae in adults, seta
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<emphasis id="B955F31CFFAA5503FAD244CDFABBFA1B" box="[1305,1341,1452,1481]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">ph3</emphasis>
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present. Pedipalpal fingers of about the same length; dental rows homodentate, both fingers bearing spaced, upright teeth (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB052FFFFAA5503FF554496FEF3F9DD" author="Chamberlin" box="[158,373,1527,1552]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refString="Chamberlin, J. C. (1929 a) A synoptic classification of the false scorpions or chela-spinners, with a report on a cosmopolitan collection of the same. - Part I. The Heterosphyronida (Chthoniidae) (Arachnida-Chelonethida). Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 10, 4, 50 - 80." type="journal article" year="1929" yearSuffix="a">Chamberlin 1929a</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB052FFFFAA5503FE4F4496FE39F9DD" author="Chamberlin" box="[388,447,1527,1551]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refString="Chamberlin, J. C. (1949) New and little-known false scorpions from various parts of the world (Arachnida, Chelonethida), with notes on structural abnormalities in two species. American Museum Novitates, 1430, 1 - 57." type="journal article" year="1949">1949</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB052FFFFAA5503FE064496FD0DF9C2" author="Muchmore" box="[461,651,1527,1552]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refString="Muchmore, W. B. (1968) Two new species of chthoniid pseudoscorpions from the western United States (Arachnida: Chelonethida: Chthoniidae). Pan-Pacific Entomologist, 44, 51 - 57." type="journal article" year="1968">Muchmore 1968</bibRefCitation>
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) or contiguous trapezoidal teeth in distal half followed by a row of contiguous, rounded teeth in basal half (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB052FFFFAA5503FDAE477AFC8BF9E6" author="Schuster" box="[613,781,1563,1588]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refString="Schuster, R. O. (1962) New species of Kewochthonius Chamberlin from California (Arachnida: Chelonethida). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 75, 223 - 226." type="journal article" year="1962">Schuster 1962</bibRefCitation>
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); subdistal tooth (
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<emphasis id="B955F31CFFAA5503FC17477DFC7EF9E1" box="[988,1016,1564,1587]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">mt</emphasis>
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) of fixed finger not modified; tip of fixed finger with an accessory tooth (
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<emphasis id="B955F31CFFAA5503FDF0475EFDD7F98A" box="[571,593,1599,1624]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">td</emphasis>
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) on antiaxial face (rounded and weakly hyaline, at least in
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<taxonomicName id="4C21548DFFAA5503FB274721FA12F98A" box="[1260,1428,1599,1624]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Hesperochthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="californicus">
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<emphasis id="B955F31CFFAA5503FB274721FA12F98A" box="[1260,1428,1599,1624]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">H. californicus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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; apparently absent in
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<taxonomicName id="4C21548DFFAA5503FE4F4705FD92F9AE" box="[388,532,1635,1660]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Chthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spingolus">
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<emphasis id="B955F31CFFAA5503FE4F4705FD92F9AE" box="[388,532,1635,1660]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">H. spingolus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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); tip of fixed chelal finger of male without a deep hollow on paraxial face and subapical protuberance (
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<emphasis id="B955F31CFFAA5503FE6747E9FE43F94D" box="[428,453,1672,1695]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">sp</emphasis>
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); base of movable chelal finger with a weakly enlarged condyle and proximally with a sclerotized, short and strong (
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<taxonomicName id="4C21548DFFAA5503FE2947CDFDE9F916" box="[482,623,1707,1732]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Chthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spingolus">
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<emphasis id="B955F31CFFAA5503FE2947CDFDE9F916" box="[482,623,1707,1732]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">H. spingolus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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) or medium-sized and thin apodeme [
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<taxonomicName id="4C21548DFFAA5503FBD147CDFB44F916" box="[1050,1218,1707,1732]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Hesperochthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="californicus">
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<emphasis id="B955F31CFFAA5503FBD147CDFB44F916" box="[1050,1218,1707,1732]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">H. californicus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and, apparently,
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<taxonomicName id="4C21548DFFAA5503FA4A47CDFE7EF93A" authority="Muchmore, 1968" authorityName="Muchmore" authorityYear="1968" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Hesperochthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oregonicus">
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<emphasis id="B955F31CFFAA5503FA4A47CDFE95F935" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">H. oregonicus</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB052FFFFAA5503FEE847AEFE69F93A" author="Muchmore" box="[291,495,1743,1768]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refString="Muchmore, W. B. (1968) Two new species of chthoniid pseudoscorpions from the western United States (Arachnida: Chelonethida: Chthoniidae). Pan-Pacific Entomologist, 44, 51 - 57." type="journal article" year="1968">Muchmore, 1968</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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]. Lyrifissure
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<emphasis id="B955F31CFFAA5503FD4447B1FD3FF93E" box="[655,697,1744,1772]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">ma1</emphasis>
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present,
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<emphasis id="B955F31CFFAA5503FCEF47B1FCC8F93E" box="[804,846,1744,1772]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">ma2</emphasis>
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absent. Anterior margin of carapace more strongly dentate between median macrosetae, weakly prominent, without epistome. Coxae II and III with coxal spines; bisetose intercoxal tubercle present between coxae III and IV; distal marginal seta of pedipalpal coxa disk distinctly longer than the distal marginal seta of coxa I; sternite III of males and females usually with 10 marginal setae, of which the lateral one on each side is short (
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<figureCitation id="131A338BFFAA5503FDB44600FD52F8A8" box="[639,724,1889,1914]" captionStart="FIGURES 21 – 23" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1517,1540]" captionTargetBox="[170,1401,352,1472]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[151,1436,337,1516]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 21 – 23. Hesperochthonius californicus (Chamberlin, 1929) n. comb., male holotype, California, U. S. A. 21, right chela, antiaxial view, slightly dorsal; 22, external genital area; 23, internal genital area. See Material and methods for abbreviations." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/437618/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Fig. 22</figureCitation>
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). Male genitalia with each row of glandular setae (guard-setae) divided by a median hiatus into two groups of two setae (
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<figureCitation id="131A338BFFAA5503FCD246E4FCEBF84C" box="[793,877,1925,1950]" captionStart="FIGURES 21 – 23" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1517,1540]" captionTargetBox="[170,1401,352,1472]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[151,1436,337,1516]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 21 – 23. Hesperochthonius californicus (Chamberlin, 1929) n. comb., male holotype, California, U. S. A. 21, right chela, antiaxial view, slightly dorsal; 22, external genital area; 23, internal genital area. See Material and methods for abbreviations." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/437618/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Fig. 23</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33B7C85FFAA5503FF0C46C8FCC7F810" box="[199,833,1961,1986]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8B9E2F0EFFAA5503FF0C46C8FCC7F810" blockId="21.[151,1437,1308,2022]" box="[199,833,1961,1986]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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<emphasis id="B955F31CFFAA5503FF0C46C8FEE4F810" bold="true" box="[199,354,1961,1986]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Type species.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C21548DFFAA5503FEA246C8FCBBF810" authority="Chamberlin, 1929" authorityName="Chamberlin" authorityYear="1929" box="[361,829,1961,1986]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Chthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="californicus">
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<emphasis id="B955F31CFFAA5503FEA246C8FDEFF810" box="[361,617,1961,1986]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Chthonius californicus</emphasis>
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Chamberlin, 1929
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33B7C85FFAA5503FF0C46ACFDEAF834" box="[199,620,1997,2022]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="8B9E2F0EFFAA5503FF0C46ACFDEAF834" blockId="21.[151,1437,1308,2022]" box="[199,620,1997,2022]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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<emphasis id="B955F31CFFAA5503FF0C46ACFEE6F834" bold="true" box="[199,352,1997,2022]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Distribution.</emphasis>
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<collectingRegion id="49E5E1ECFFAA5503FEAC46ACFE2EF834" box="[359,424,1997,2022]" country="Cameroon" name="North" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">North</collectingRegion>
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America:
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<collectingCountry id="F3366F9EFFAA5503FDD546AFFDEAF834" box="[542,620,1998,2022]" name="United States of America" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">U.S.A.</collectingCountry>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33B7C85FFA95500FF0C41F6FCECFD1F" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8B9E2F0EFFA95500FF0C41F6FB35FEED" blockId="22.[151,1436,151,721]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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<emphasis id="B955F31CFFA95500FF0C41F6FEBDFF62" bold="true" box="[199,315,151,176]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Remarks.</emphasis>
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The subgenus
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<taxonomicName id="4C21548DFFA95500FE2F41F6FD29FF62" box="[484,687,151,176]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Hesperochthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B955F31CFFA95500FE2F41F6FD29FF62" box="[484,687,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Hesperochthonius</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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was created by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB052FFFFA95500FCA841F6FBB4FF62" author="Muchmore" box="[867,1074,151,176]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" refString="Muchmore, W. B. (1968) Two new species of chthoniid pseudoscorpions from the western United States (Arachnida: Chelonethida: Chthoniidae). Pan-Pacific Entomologist, 44, 51 - 57." type="journal article" year="1968">Muchmore (1968)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, based on the species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C21548DFFA95500FAE241F6FD8DFF06" authority="Chamberlin, 1929" authorityName="Chamberlin" authorityYear="1929" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Chthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="californicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955F31CFFA95500FAE241F6FE9BFF07" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Chthonius californicus</emphasis>
|
||
(Chamberlin, 1929)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, for which the main differential characteristic relative to the other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C21548DFFA95500FAD441DDFA14FF07" box="[1311,1426,188,213]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Chthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955F31CFFA95500FAD441DDFA14FF07" box="[1311,1426,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Chthonius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
- related genera is the presence of a hiatus between each row of the internal guard setae of the male genitalia, forming two groups of two setae on each side, which appears to be unique within the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C21548DFFA95500FB854065FB5DFECF" box="[1102,1243,260,285]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Chthoniidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In addition to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C21548DFFA95500FA4A4064FE9BFE92" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Chthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="californicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955F31CFFA95500FA4A4064FE9BFE92" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">H. californicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, two other species, also from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3366F9EFFA95500FDA64049FD3DFE92" box="[621,699,296,320]" name="United States of America" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">U.S.A.</collectingCountry>
|
||
, are currently assigned to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C21548DFFA95500FC2A4046FB2AFE92" box="[993,1196,295,320]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Hesperochthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955F31CFFA95500FC2A4046FB2AFE92" box="[993,1196,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Hesperochthonius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9E2F0EFFA95500FF0C402DFCECFD1F" blockId="22.[151,1436,151,721]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
Examination during this study of the male
|
||
<typeStatus id="549A91ACFFA95500FD09402DFCA1FEB7" box="[706,807,332,357]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, the female
|
||
<typeStatus id="549A91ACFFA95500FC70402CFB9DFEB7" box="[955,1051,333,357]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
(“
|
||
<typeStatus id="549A91ACFFA95500FBF2402DFB1CFEB7" box="[1081,1178,332,357]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="allotype">allotype</typeStatus>
|
||
”) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB052FFFFA95500FB74402DFA1EFEB6" author="Chamberlin" box="[1215,1432,332,357]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" refString="Chamberlin, J. C. (1929 a) A synoptic classification of the false scorpions or chela-spinners, with a report on a cosmopolitan collection of the same. - Part I. The Heterosphyronida (Chthoniidae) (Arachnida-Chelonethida). Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 10, 4, 50 - 80." type="journal article" year="1929" yearSuffix="a">Chamberlin 1929a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB052FFFFA95500FF5C4011FF56FE5A" author="Chamberlin" box="[151,208,368,392]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" refString="Chamberlin, J. C. (1949) New and little-known false scorpions from various parts of the world (Arachnida, Chelonethida), with notes on structural abnormalities in two species. American Museum Novitates, 1430, 1 - 57." type="journal article" year="1949">1949</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and the female (JC-323.01001) described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB052FFFFA95500FD22400EFC4FFE5A" author="Chamberlin" box="[745,969,367,392]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" refString="Chamberlin, J. C. (1929 b) On some false scorpions of the suborder Heterosphyronida (Arachnida - Chelonethida). Canadian Entomologist, 61, 152 - 155." type="journal article" year="1929" yearSuffix="b">Chamberlin (1929b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB052FFFFA95500FC1C4011FB96FE5A" author="Chamberlin" box="[983,1040,368,392]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" refString="Chamberlin, J. C. (1949) New and little-known false scorpions from various parts of the world (Arachnida, Chelonethida), with notes on structural abnormalities in two species. American Museum Novitates, 1430, 1 - 57." type="journal article" year="1949">1949</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C21548DFFA95500FB89400EFEF0FE7E" authority="Chamberlin, 1929" authorityName="Chamberlin" authorityYear="1929" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Hesperochthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="californicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955F31CFFA95500FB89400EFA1AFE5A" box="[1090,1436,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Hesperochthonius californicus</emphasis>
|
||
(Chamberlin, 1929)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<typeStatus id="549A91ACFFA95500FE4940F4FE34FE7F" box="[386,434,405,429]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species of the genus, and of the male
|
||
<typeStatus id="549A91ACFFA95500FC9440F5FC47FE7F" box="[863,961,404,429]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C21548DFFA95500FC2C40F4FAB1FE7F" authority="Schuster, 1962" authorityName="Schuster" authorityYear="1962" box="[999,1335,404,429]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Chthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spingolus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955F31CFFA95500FC2C40F4FBF0FE7F" box="[999,1142,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">H. spingolus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB052FFFFA95500FB4F40F5FAA9FE7F" author="Schuster" box="[1156,1327,404,429]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" refString="Schuster, R. O. (1962) New species of Kewochthonius Chamberlin from California (Arachnida: Chelonethida). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 75, 223 - 226." type="journal article" year="1962">Schuster, 1962</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, confirm the main characteristics of the genus established by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB052FFFFA95500FD3140D6FC4CFE02" author="Muchmore" box="[762,970,439,464]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" refString="Muchmore, W. B. (1968) Two new species of chthoniid pseudoscorpions from the western United States (Arachnida: Chelonethida: Chthoniidae). Pan-Pacific Entomologist, 44, 51 - 57." type="journal article" year="1968">Muchmore (1968)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and the assignment to that genus of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C21548DFFA95500FA4A40D8FE84FE27" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Chthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spingolus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955F31CFFA95500FA4A40D8FE84FE27" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">H. spingolus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, suggested by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB052FFFFA95500FE6040BDFDDCFE26" author="Judson" box="[427,602,476,501]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" refString="Judson, M. L. I. (1990 a) On the presence of Chthonius (C.) halberti Kew and Chthonius (C.) ressli Beier in France with remarks on the status of Kewochthonius Chamberlin and Neochthonius Chamberlin (Arachnida, Chelonethida, Chthoniidae). Bulletin du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, Series 4, 11, 593 - 603." type="journal article" year="1990" yearSuffix="a">Judson (1990a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, based on Schuster’s (1962) description and figures of a median hiatus in the rows of the genital guard-setae, and later formalized by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB052FFFFA95500FCFF4361FC5DFDCA" author="Harvey" box="[820,987,512,536]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" refString="Harvey, M. S. (1991) Catalogue of the Pseudoscorpionida. Manchester University Press, Manchester, vi + 726 pp." type="book" year="1991">Harvey (1991)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. In addition to the different shape of the teeth of the distal half of the chelal fingers and the fixed chelal finger apodeme in the two species, the close guard setae of each group have their external areoles partially fused in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C21548DFFA95500FCA64328FB90FDB2" box="[877,1046,583,608]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Hesperochthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="californicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955F31CFFA95500FCA64328FB90FDB2" box="[877,1046,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">H. californicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="131A338BFFA95500FBEE4326FBFFFDB2" box="[1061,1145,583,608]" captionStart="FIGURES 21 – 23" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1517,1540]" captionTargetBox="[170,1401,352,1472]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[151,1436,337,1516]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 21 – 23. Hesperochthonius californicus (Chamberlin, 1929) n. comb., male holotype, California, U. S. A. 21, right chela, antiaxial view, slightly dorsal; 22, external genital area; 23, internal genital area. See Material and methods for abbreviations." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/437618/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Fig. 23</figureCitation>
|
||
), whereas in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C21548DFFA95500FAC54328FA1AFDB2" box="[1294,1436,583,608]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Chthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spingolus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955F31CFFA95500FAC54328FA1AFDB2" box="[1294,1436,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">H. spingolus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
they are very close together but still in separate external areolar rings. An additional difference from the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C21548DFFA95500FF5C43EEFEEDFD7A" box="[151,363,655,680]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Ephippiochthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955F31CFFA95500FF5C43EEFEEDFD7A" box="[151,363,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Ephippiochthonius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is the chaetotaxy of the proximal portion of chelal hand, which bears 4 setae in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C21548DFFA95500FF5C43D5FEE4FD1F" box="[151,354,692,717]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Hesperochthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955F31CFFA95500FF5C43D5FEE4FD1F" box="[151,354,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Hesperochthonius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and only
|
||
<quantity id="4CD982EBFFA95500FE1B43D5FE7DFD1F" box="[464,507,692,717]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.62" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" unit="in" value="3.0">3 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C21548DFFA95500FDC843D5FD51FD1F" box="[515,727,692,717]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Ephippiochthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955F31CFFA95500FDC843D5FD51FD1F" box="[515,727,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Ephippiochthonius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B955F31CFFA95500FD2D43D5FC84FD1F" box="[742,770,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">ph</emphasis>
|
||
3 absent).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |