291 lines
32 KiB
XML
291 lines
32 KiB
XML
<document id="F01B72EB65B1AF0569DFC4619612CD32" ID-CLB-Dataset="8372" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.4524335" ID-GBIF-Dataset="3521b9ea-1966-43de-9660-e56c258390f3" ID-ISSN="0253-116X" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4524335" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1612223533551" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Ebmer, A. W." docDate="2011" docId="865F8797FFD28D13FF09FC43EFB9D7E4" docLanguage="de" docName="LinzerbiolBeitr.43.1.0005-0083.pdf" docOrigin="Linzer biologische Beiträge 43 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:24E5EB772D355DE2EE23B1E8D07853E0.9:LinzerbiolBeitr.2006-.journal_article" docStyleId="24E5EB772D355DE2EE23B1E8D07853E0" docStyleName="LinzerbiolBeitr.2006-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Osmia (Melanosmia) inermis" docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="35" masterDocId="7A66FFEFFFCF8D0DFFBBFFD6EE32D318" masterDocTitle="Holarktische Bienenarten - autochthon, eingeführt, eingeschleppt" masterLastPageNumber="83" masterPageNumber="5" pageNumber="34" updateTime="1698926274955" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="FA86F0766491DC09B0BCCBC66315BCA7">Holarktische Bienenarten - autochthon, eingeführt, eingeschleppt</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="F2AF2AD1855B6124DE366C6BC6283072" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="A729EC7B61B5E174894F85AD445DDD85">Ebmer, A. W.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="088C7889CA0C81956EC4D6AE8B316F2B">Linzer biologische Beiträge</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="256E03E9FC4618BCE5272A445B2236F6">
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<mods:date id="37CEC3EB2C81F4328B118A6EDB876508">2011</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="828AE1069AAC256E3553A903D32502DF">2011-07-25</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="E9A32CBABA89DA3931FF578EBFC30133" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="3D833843923A2093EA74017FD64D96B4">43</mods:number>
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<mods:end id="CD8BEF57E41892CE5C93A11CC05EAA61">83</mods:end>
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<treatment id="865F8797FFD28D13FF09FC43EFB9D7E4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4489214" ID-GBIF-Taxon="177311905" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4489214" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:865F8797FFD28D13FF09FC43EFB9D7E4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/865F8797FFD28D13FF09FC43EFB9D7E4" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="29" pageNumber="34">
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<subSubSection id="46EC650AFFD28D10FF09FC43ED5AD0C8" pageId="29" pageNumber="34" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="0E493681FFD28D10FF09FC43ECFAD0B3" blockId="29.[178,712,917,939]" box="[178,712,917,939]" pageId="29" pageNumber="34">
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<heading id="550181EDFFD28D10FF09FC43ECFAD0B3" box="[178,712,917,939]" fontSize="8" level="2" pageId="29" pageNumber="34" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="C9F64D02FFD28D10FF09FC43ECFAD0B3" ID-CoL="74ZXV" authority="(ZETTERSTEDT 1838)" baseAuthorityName="ZETTERSTEDT" baseAuthorityYear="1838" box="[178,712,917,939]" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Osmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inermis" subGenus="Melanosmia">
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<emphasis id="3C82EA93FFD28D10FF09FC43ECFAD0B3" bold="true" box="[178,712,917,939]" pageId="29" pageNumber="34">
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<emphasis id="3C82EA93FFD28D10FF09FC43EEC7D0B3" bold="true" box="[178,245,917,939]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="34">Osmia</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="3C82EA93FFD28D10FEBFFC43EFB7D0B3" bold="true" box="[260,389,917,939]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="34">Melanosmia</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="3C82EA93FFD28D10FE2FFC43EFD1D0B3" bold="true" box="[404,483,917,939]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="34">inermis</emphasis>
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(ZETTERSTEDT 1838)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="0E493681FFD28D10FF09FC6AED5AD0C8" blockId="29.[178,1086,955,1600]" box="[178,872,955,981]" pageId="29" pageNumber="34">
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Abb. des
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<specimenCount id="18F0FD08FFD28D10FEB2FC16EF2ED0CD" box="[265,284,960,981]" pageId="29" pageNumber="34" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
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bei MÜLLER, KREBS & AMIET 1997: 316,
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<figureCitation id="96CD2A04FFD28D10FD1EFC6AECDDD0C8" box="[677,751,956,976]" captionStart="Abb" captionStartId="71.[178,221,1482,1502]" captionTargetId="figure-1@70.[201,1567,443,1350]" captionTargetPageId="70" captionText="Abb. 14-17: (14) Hoplitis robusta (NYLANDER 1848) 3 und (15) ♀, Kärnten, Mölltal, östlich Marterle, 1800m, N46.52.49 E12.56.39, 12.7.2002. (16) Osmia inermis (ZETTERSTEDT 1838) 3, Oberösterreich, Totes Gebirge, Gipfelwiese des Wildenkogels, 1950m, N47.42.45 E13.47.14, 30.5.1996, an Erica carnea. (17) Megachile rotundata (FABRICIUS 1787) 3, Niederösterreich, Schönberg am Kamp, 6.7.1989, alle leg. und det. Ebmer." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4525926" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4525926/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="34">Abb. 16</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="96CD2A04FFD28D10FD41FC6DED3FD0C8" box="[762,781,955,976]" captionStart="Abb" captionStartId="65.[178,221,1440,1460]" captionTargetId="figure-1@64.[148,1055,220,1519]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="Abb. 2-5: (2) Hylaeus annulatus (LINNAEUS 1758) 3, Oberösterreich, Molln, Ramsauer Grösstenberg, Gipfelwiese, 1450m, N47.49.44 E14.17.12, 21.6.1998; (3) Hylaeus hyalinatus SMITH 1842 3, Oberösterreich, Oberpuchenau, 15.6.1978, beide leg. Ebmer, det. Dathe. (4) Colletes impunctatus NYLANDER 1852 ♀, Südtirol, W Kurzras, 2100m, N46.45.32 E10.46.36, an Trifolium. (5) Colletes impunctatus NYLANDER 1852 3, Südtirol, Tisental, 2210m, N46.44 E10.50, 16.7.2010, leg. und det. Ebmer." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4525916" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4525916/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="34">3</figureCitation>
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, Seite 81.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="46EC650AFFD28D13FF09FC37EFB9D7E4" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="29" pageNumber="34" type="description">
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<paragraph id="0E493681FFD28D13FF09FC37EFC0D233" blockId="29.[178,1086,955,1600]" lastBlockId="30.[178,1085,219,299]" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="29" pageNumber="34">
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In Europa boreo-alpin im weiteren Sinn, also auch vereinzelt und sehr selten in den Mittelgebirgen nördlich der Alpen und damit sehr disjunkt verbreitet. Nach Norden in
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<collectingCountry id="76E17611FFD28D10FF09FBCDEF3ED729" box="[178,268,1051,1073]" name="Finland" pageId="29" pageNumber="34">Finnland</collectingCountry>
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bis Utsjoki in Lapponia inarensis
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<geoCoordinate id="6BC25046FFD28D10FDCBFBCDEC94D729" box="[624,678,1050,1073]" degrees="70" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="29" pageNumber="34" precision="55555" value="70.0">
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N70
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<emphasis id="3C82EA93FFD28D10FD27FBCCEC94D729" box="[668,678,1050,1073]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="34">°</emphasis>
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</geoCoordinate>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="6A674B70FFD28D10FD0EFBCDED47D729" author="ELFVING R" box="[693,885,1051,1073]" pageId="29" pageNumber="34" pagination="1 - 69" refId="ref34990" refString="ELFVING R. (1968): Die Bienen Finnlands. - Fauna fenn. 21: 1 - 69." type="journal article" year="1968">ELFVING 1968: 41</bibRefCitation>
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), im Baltikum südlich bis
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<collectingCountry id="76E17611FFD28D10FEB8FBEFEF66D757" box="[259,340,1081,1103]" name="Lithuania" pageId="29" pageNumber="34">Litauen</collectingCountry>
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. Wenige Funde aus dem Schottischen Hochland (ELSE & ROBERTS 1997: 114-115). In
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<collectingCountry id="76E17611FFD28D10FE80FB80EF8BD774" box="[315,441,1110,1132]" name="Germany" pageId="29" pageNumber="34">Deutschland</collectingCountry>
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von
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<bibRefCitation id="6A674B70FFD28D10FE4BFB80ECC4D774" author="STOECKHERT F" box="[496,758,1110,1132]" pageId="29" pageNumber="34" pagination="1 - 294" refId="ref38250" refString="STOECKHERT F. K. (1933): Die Bienen Frankens (Hym. Apid.). Eine okologischtiergeographische Untersuchung. - Dt. ent. Z. 1932, Beiheft 1 - 294." type="journal article" year="1933">STOECKHERT (1933: 206)</bibRefCitation>
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als Glazialrelikt betrachtet und aus Westpreussen,
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<collectingRegion id="CC32F863FFD28D10FEC3FBA5EFCDD791" box="[376,511,1139,1161]" country="Germany" name="Brandenburg" pageId="29" pageNumber="34">Brandenburg</collectingRegion>
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, Posen,
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<collectingRegion id="CC32F863FFD28D10FDECFBA2EC89D791" box="[599,699,1140,1161]" country="Poland" name="Zachodniopomorskie" pageId="29" pageNumber="34">Pommern</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="CC32F863FFD28D10FD73FBA5ED1BD791" box="[712,809,1139,1161]" country="Poland" name="Slaskie" pageId="29" pageNumber="34">Schlesien</collectingRegion>
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(diese drei Gebiete liegen heute in
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<collectingCountry id="76E17611FFD28D10FEB0FB46EF7BD7BE" box="[267,329,1168,1190]" name="Poland" pageId="29" pageNumber="34">Polen</collectingCountry>
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), Sachsen, Thüringen und Nordbayern (Fränkischer Jura) gemeldet. Auch in den Alpen Bayerns, Garmisch Partenkirchen,
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<date id="7A481041FFD28D10FD1BFB78ED3AD7DC" box="[672,776,1198,1220]" pageId="29" pageNumber="34" value="1985-07-13">13.7.1985</date>
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,
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<specimenCount id="18F0FD08FFD28D10FCA9FB78ED01D7D1" box="[786,819,1198,1225]" pageId="29" pageNumber="34" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
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, coll. Warncke, Biologiezentrum Linz. In den Alpen aus
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<collectingCountry id="76E17611FFD28D10FDA6FB1DECB9D7F9" box="[541,651,1227,1249]" name="France" pageId="29" pageNumber="34">Frankreich</collectingCountry>
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mir noch kein Fund vorliegend. In der
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<collectingCountry id="76E17611FFD28D10FF09FB3EEF3AD7E6" box="[178,264,1256,1278]" name="Switzerland" pageId="29" pageNumber="34">Schweiz</collectingCountry>
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vom
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<collectingCountry id="76E17611FFD28D10FEFDFB3EEFBAD7E6" box="[326,392,1256,1278]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="29" pageNumber="34">Wallis</collectingCountry>
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bis Graubünden, bis
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<quantity id="C90E9B64FFD28D10FDD2FB3EEC82D7E6" box="[617,688,1256,1278]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.75" pageId="29" pageNumber="34" unit="m" value="2750.0">2750m</quantity>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="6A674B70FFD28D10FD04FB3EED87D7E6" author="AMIET F & HERRMANN M & MULLER A" box="[703,949,1256,1278]" pageId="29" pageNumber="34" pagination="2 - 88414" refId="ref33069" refString="AMIET F., HERRMANN M., MULLER A. & R. NEUMEYER (2004): Fauna Helvetica 9, Apidae 4. Anthidium, Chelostoma, Coelioxys, Dioxys, Heriades, Lithurgus, Megachile, Osmia, Stelis. - 273 S.; Schweizerische Entomologische Gesellschaft, Neuchatel. ISBN 2 - 88414 - 021 - 2." type="book chapter" year="2004">AMIET et al. 2004: 153</bibRefCitation>
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), nur wenige Funde vom Nordrand der Alpen. Im Biologiezentrum Linz, befindet sich ein
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<specimenCount id="18F0FD08FFD28D10FC4DFADAEA39D639" box="[1014,1035,1292,1313]" pageId="29" pageNumber="34" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
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von Zermatt, Gabelhorn
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<quantity id="C90E9B64FFD28D10FE3CFAF5EFFDD621" box="[391,463,1315,1337]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" pageId="29" pageNumber="34" unit="m" value="3200.0">3200m</quantity>
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,
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<date id="7A481041FFD28D10FE66FAF5EC76D621" box="[477,580,1315,1337]" pageId="29" pageNumber="34" value="1961-07-18">18.7.1961</date>
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, ohne Sammler, die Flügelsäume etwas beschädigt, die Behaarung aber intakt, in der coll. Warncke; ein weiteres
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<specimenCount id="18F0FD08FFD28D10FCE6FA90ED40D643" box="[861,882,1350,1371]" pageId="29" pageNumber="34" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
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mit selben Funddaten, ab
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<quantity id="C90E9B64FFD28D10FEB8FA8BEF79D66B" box="[259,331,1373,1395]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" pageId="29" pageNumber="34" unit="m" value="3300.0">3300m</quantity>
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, leg. H. Meier, in der Hauptsammlung. Das Kleine Gabelhorn westlich Zermatt ist
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<quantity id="C90E9B64FFD28D10FE8BFAADEF44D689" box="[304,374,1403,1425]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.392" pageId="29" pageNumber="34" unit="m" value="3392.0">3392m</quantity>
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hoch, und wenn die Höhe am Fundortetikett stimmt, wäre
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<taxonomicName id="C9F64D02FFD28D10FC40FAADEECCD6B6" baseAuthorityName="ZETTERSTEDT" baseAuthorityYear="1838" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Osmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inermis">
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<emphasis id="3C82EA93FFD28D10FC40FAADEECCD6B6" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="34">Osmia inermis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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die zweite Kleinbiene neben
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<taxonomicName id="C9F64D02FFD28D10FD90FA4EECCDD6B6" authorityName="NYLANDER" authorityYear="1852" box="[555,767,1432,1454]" class="Insecta" family="Colletidae" genus="Colletes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="impunctatus">
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<emphasis id="3C82EA93FFD28D10FD90FA4EECCDD6B6" box="[555,767,1432,1454]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="34">Colletes impunctatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, die den "Höhenrekord" in den Alpen einnimmt. In
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<collectingCountry id="76E17611FFD28D10FEC4FA63EFDAD6D3" box="[383,488,1461,1483]" name="Austria" pageId="29" pageNumber="34">Österreich</collectingCountry>
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in den Alpen von
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<collectingRegion id="CC32F863FFD28D10FD1FFA63ECE5D6D3" box="[676,727,1461,1483]" country="Austria" name="Tirol" pageId="29" pageNumber="34">Tirol</collectingRegion>
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bis
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<collectingRegion id="CC32F863FFD28D10FCB9FA63EDAAD6D3" box="[770,920,1461,1483]" country="Austria" name="Oberoesterreich" pageId="29" pageNumber="34">Oberösterreich</collectingRegion>
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und
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<collectingRegion id="CC32F863FFD28D10FC70FA60EA2DD6D3" box="[971,1055,1462,1483]" country="Austria" name="Karnten" pageId="29" pageNumber="34">Kärnten</collectingRegion>
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, in den Hohen Tauern bis
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<quantity id="C90E9B64FFD28D10FE10FA04EFC7D6F0" box="[427,501,1490,1512]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" pageId="29" pageNumber="34" unit="m" value="2600.0">2600m</quantity>
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; aus den Mittelgebirgen erst ein Fund,
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<collectingRegion id="CC32F863FFD28D10FC1BFA04EA0BD6F0" box="[928,1081,1490,1512]" country="Austria" name="Oberoesterreich" pageId="29" pageNumber="34">Oberösterreich</collectingRegion>
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, Neudorf im östlichen Mühlviertel
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<geoCoordinate id="6BC25046FFD28D10FD8DFA26ECB3D51E" box="[566,641,1520,1542]" degrees="48.29" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="29" pageNumber="34" precision="555" value="48.29">N48.29</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate id="6BC25046FFD28D10FD29FA26ECEED51E" box="[658,732,1520,1542]" degrees="14.38" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="29" pageNumber="34" precision="555" value="14.38">E14.38</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<quantity id="C90E9B64FFD28D10FD4AFA26ED1FD51E" box="[753,813,1520,1542]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.7" pageId="29" pageNumber="34" unit="m" value="870.0">870m</quantity>
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,
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<date id="7A481041FFD28D10FCF9FA26ED9BD51E" box="[834,937,1520,1542]" pageId="29" pageNumber="34" value="2001-06-21">21.6.2001</date>
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,
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<specimenCount id="18F0FD08FFD28D10FC05FA26EDEDD513" box="[958,991,1520,1547]" pageId="29" pageNumber="34" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
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, leg. J. Gusenleitner, Biologiezentrum Linz Linz. In den Südalpen von Piemont (Pragelato), Südtirol (Trafoi. Seiser Alm), Julische Alpen (Altiplano Montasio). In den spanischen Pyrenäen (
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<bibRefCitation id="6A674B70FFD18D13FEA5FF0DEFD7D3E9" author="TKALCU B" box="[286,485,219,241]" pageId="30" pageNumber="35" pagination="48 - 62" refId="ref38509" refString="TKALCU B. (1983): Die europaischen Osmia - Arten der Untergattung Melanosmia (Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Megachilidae). - Vest. cs. Spolec. zool. 52: 48 - 62." type="journal article" year="1983">TKALCŮ 1983: 154</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). In der Subspezies
|
|
<emphasis id="3C82EA93FFD18D13FD0BFF0DED74D3E9" box="[688,838,219,241]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="35">O. i. bulgarica</emphasis>
|
|
FRIESE 1922 aus
|
|
<collectingRegion id="CC32F863FFD18D13FC40FF0DEECBD216" country="Greece" name="Dytiki Makedonia" pageId="30" pageNumber="35">Makedonien</collectingRegion>
|
|
, Pepelak (südlich Skopje) beschrieben, auch in
|
|
<collectingCountry id="76E17611FFD18D13FD50FF2EED41D216" box="[747,883,248,270]" name="Greece" pageId="30" pageNumber="35">Griechenland</collectingCountry>
|
|
am Olymp, Pindos (Miliá) und Chelmos gefunden.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="0E493681FFD18D13FF09FEEDEF49D293" blockId="30.[178,1085,314,395]" pageId="30" pageNumber="35">
|
|
In Asien nur wenige Fundangaben: NW-China, Kuldscha im Ili-Tal und NE-China (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="6A674B70FFD18D13FBAEFEECEF22D276" author="WU Y" pageId="30" pageNumber="35" pagination="474" refId="ref38759" refString="WU Y. - r. (2006). Insecta Hymenoptera Megachilidae. - Fauna Sinica 44. 474 S. Beijing (Science Press) (in Chinesisch mit englischer Zusammenfassung). ISBN 7 - 03 - 016332 - X." type="journal article" year="2006">WU 2006: 70</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). Erstmals aus dem Russischen Fernen Osten im Naturpark von Lazo gefunden (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="6A674B70FFD18D13FF02FEA3EF5DD293" author="QUEST M" box="[185,367,373,395]" pageId="30" pageNumber="35" pagination="1 - 357" refId="ref37474" refString="QUEST M. (2009): Artbestand, Okologie und Habitatwahl von Bienen ausgewahlter Offenlebensraume im Lazovski Zapovednik (Ferner Osten Russland) (Hymenoptera, Apiformes). - Entomofauna, Suppl. 15: 1 - 357." type="journal article" year="2009">QUEST 2009: 216</bibRefCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="0E493681FFD18D13FF09FE4DED9ED110" blockId="30.[178,1087,410,520]" pageId="30" pageNumber="35">
|
|
In der Nearktis, Tuktoyaktuk
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="6BC25046FFD18D13FE5FFE4CEC02D2A8" box="[484,560,410,432]" degrees="69.26" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="30" pageNumber="35" precision="555" value="69.26">N69.26</geoCoordinate>
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="6BC25046FFD18D13FD8CFE4CECA7D2A8" box="[567,661,410,432]" degrees="133.03" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="30" pageNumber="35" precision="555" value="-133.03">
|
|
W
|
|
<quantity id="C90E9B64FFD18D13FDEBFE4CECA7D2A8" box="[592,661,410,432]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.378962" pageId="30" pageNumber="35" unit="in" value="133.03">133.03</quantity>
|
|
</geoCoordinate>
|
|
in den
|
|
<collectingRegion id="CC32F863FFD18D13FD5DFE4CEDF7D2A8" box="[742,965,410,432]" country="Canada" name="Northwest Territories" pageId="30" pageNumber="35">Northwest Territories</collectingRegion>
|
|
, erreicht
|
|
<taxonomicName id="C9F64D02FFD18D13FB9DFE4CEECCD2D5" baseAuthorityName="ZETTERSTEDT" baseAuthorityYear="1838" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Osmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inermis">
|
|
<emphasis id="3C82EA93FFD18D13FB9DFE4CEECCD2D5" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="35">O. inermis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
als eine der ganz wenigen Kleinbienen in der arktischen Tundra die
|
|
<collectingRegion id="CC32F863FFD18D13FC6CFE6EEA20D2D5" box="[983,1042,440,461]" country="New Zealand" name="West Coast" pageId="30" pageNumber="35">Küste</collectingRegion>
|
|
des Eismeeres (SAKAGAMI & TODA 1986). Nach Süden über die Gebirge bis
|
|
<collectingRegion id="CC32F863FFD18D13FC22FE03EA30D2F3" box="[921,1026,469,491]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="30" pageNumber="35">California</collectingRegion>
|
|
, nach Osten bis Labrador,
|
|
<collectingRegion id="CC32F863FFD18D13FE3AFE24EFE3D110" box="[385,465,498,520]" country="Canada" name="Quebec" pageId="30" pageNumber="35">Quebec</collectingRegion>
|
|
, südlich bis Massachusets (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="6A674B70FFD18D13FD5DFE24ED93D110" author="HURD P" box="[742,929,498,520]" pageId="30" pageNumber="35" pagination="1741 - 2209" refId="ref35600" refString="HURD P. D. Jr. (1979): Superfamily Apoidea, S. 1741 - 2209. - In: KROMBEIN K. V., HURD P. D., SMITH D. R. & B. D. BURKS, Catalog of Hymenoptera in America North of Mexico, Bd. 2. Washington, Smithsonian Institution Press." type="book chapter" year="1979">HURD 1979: 2043</bibRefCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="0E493681FFD18D13FF09FDC1ECD9D135" blockId="30.[178,747,535,557]" box="[178,747,535,557]" pageId="30" pageNumber="35">
|
|
Erkennen der Art als holarktisch:
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="6A674B70FFD18D13FDB3FDC1ECD5D135" author="SANDHOUSE G" box="[520,743,535,557]" pageId="30" pageNumber="35" pagination="1 - 167" refId="ref37984" refString="SANDHOUSE G. A. (1939): The North American bees of the genus Osmia (Hymenoptera: Apoidea). - Mem. Ent. Soc. Washington 1: 1 - 167." type="journal article" year="1939">SANDHOUSE 1939: 34</bibRefCitation>
|
|
.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="0E493681FFD18D13FF09FDEBEF90D0D7" blockId="30.[178,1086,573,975]" pageId="30" pageNumber="35">
|
|
Soweit aus der Literatur ersichtlich, ist
|
|
<taxonomicName id="C9F64D02FFD18D13FDF1FDEBECEDD14A" baseAuthorityName="ZETTERSTEDT" baseAuthorityYear="1838" box="[586,735,573,595]" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Osmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inermis">
|
|
<emphasis id="3C82EA93FFD18D13FDF1FDEBECEDD14A" box="[586,735,573,595]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="35">Osmia inermis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
als eine evolutiv alte holarktische Art anzusehen, analog wie
|
|
<taxonomicName id="C9F64D02FFD18D13FE69FD8CECBFD168" baseAuthorityName="KIRBY" baseAuthorityYear="1802" box="[466,653,602,624]" class="Insecta" family="Andrenidae" genus="Andrena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="clarkella">
|
|
<emphasis id="3C82EA93FFD18D13FE69FD8CECBFD168" box="[466,653,602,624]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="35">Andrena clarkella</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
in eine nördlich verbreitete Artengruppe eingebettet. Jedoch lässt sich mangels Revision gegenwärtig kein Mannigfaltigkeitszentrum erkennen.
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="6A674B70FFD18D13FEDFFD43EC38D1B2" author="TKALCU B" box="[356,522,660,682]" pageId="30" pageNumber="35" pagination="48 - 62" refId="ref38509" refString="TKALCU B. (1983): Die europaischen Osmia - Arten der Untergattung Melanosmia (Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Megachilidae). - Vest. cs. Spolec. zool. 52: 48 - 62." type="journal article" year="1983">TKALCŮ (1983)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
stellte
|
|
<taxonomicName id="C9F64D02FFD18D13FDDDFD42ECE8D1B2" baseAuthorityName="ZETTERSTEDT" baseAuthorityYear="1838" box="[614,730,660,682]" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Osmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inermis">
|
|
<emphasis id="3C82EA93FFD18D13FDDDFD42ECE8D1B2" box="[614,730,660,682]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="35">O. inermis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
mit Recht in die Untergattung
|
|
<emphasis id="3C82EA93FFD18D13FF09FD64EF1DD1D0" box="[178,303,690,712]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="35">Melanosmia</emphasis>
|
|
SCHMIEDEKNECHT 1885 und behandelt 9 Arten für Europa. Die Publikation von
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="6A674B70FFD18D13FF64FD06EF63D1FD" author="WU Y" box="[223,337,719,741]" pageId="30" pageNumber="35" pagination="474" refId="ref38759" refString="WU Y. - r. (2006). Insecta Hymenoptera Megachilidae. - Fauna Sinica 44. 474 S. Beijing (Science Press) (in Chinesisch mit englischer Zusammenfassung). ISBN 7 - 03 - 016332 - X." type="journal article" year="2006">WU (2006)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
ist mit Vorsicht zu gebrauchen, denn sie reiht auch
|
|
<taxonomicName id="C9F64D02FFD18D13FCD0FD19EF75D01A" authority="SPINOLA 1808" authorityName="SPINOLA" authorityYear="1808" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Osmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melanogaster">
|
|
<emphasis id="3C82EA93FFD18D13FCD0FD19EA0CD1FD" box="[875,1086,719,741]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="35">Osmia melanogaster</emphasis>
|
|
SPINOLA 1808
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
unter
|
|
<emphasis id="3C82EA93FFD18D13FE34FD3AEC3ED01A" box="[399,524,748,770]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="35">Melanosmia</emphasis>
|
|
ein, die absolut sicher nicht zu dieser Untergattung, sondern zur Untergattung
|
|
<emphasis id="3C82EA93FFD18D13FE7DFCDCEC0DD038" box="[454,575,778,800]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="35">Chalcosmia</emphasis>
|
|
SCHMIEDEKNECHT 1885 gehört. Neben den drei auch in Europa vorkommenden Arten
|
|
<taxonomicName id="C9F64D02FFD18D13FD8DFCF1EC93D025" baseAuthorityName="ZETTERSTEDT" baseAuthorityYear="1838" box="[566,673,807,829]" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Osmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inermis">
|
|
<emphasis id="3C82EA93FFD18D13FD8DFCF1EC93D025" box="[566,673,807,829]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="35">O. inermis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="C9F64D02FFD18D13FD15FCF1ED71D025" baseAuthorityName="ZETTERSTEDT" baseAuthorityYear="1838" box="[686,835,807,829]" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Osmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigriventris">
|
|
<emphasis id="3C82EA93FFD18D13FD15FCF1ED71D025" box="[686,835,807,829]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="35">O. nigriventris</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
und
|
|
<taxonomicName id="C9F64D02FFD18D13FCCEFCF1EED7D042" authority="SMITH 1846" authorityName="SMITH" authorityYear="1846" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Osmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pilicornis">
|
|
<emphasis id="3C82EA93FFD18D13FCCEFCF1EDC7D025" box="[885,1013,807,829]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="35">O. pilicornis</emphasis>
|
|
SMITH 1846
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
nennt sie für
|
|
<collectingCountry id="76E17611FFD18D13FEC1FC92EF84D042" box="[378,438,836,858]" name="China" pageId="30" pageNumber="35">China</collectingCountry>
|
|
noch folgende Arten:
|
|
<emphasis id="3C82EA93FFD18D13FD1EFC92ED3DD042" box="[677,783,836,858]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="35">O. jiliense</emphasis>
|
|
WU 2004 aus NE-China,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="C9F64D02FFD18D13FB9FFC92EFE6D06F" authority="HIRASHIMA 1973" authorityName="HIRASHIMA" authorityYear="1973" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Osmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ishikawai">
|
|
<emphasis id="3C82EA93FFD18D13FB9FFC92EF21D06F" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="35">O. ishikawai</emphasis>
|
|
HIRASHIMA 1973
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
von
|
|
<collectingCountry id="76E17611FFD18D13FDA8FCB4EC7DD06F" box="[531,591,866,887]" name="Japan" pageId="30" pageNumber="35">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
|
,
|
|
<collectingRegion id="CC32F863FFD18D13FDDBFCB7ECF6D06F" box="[608,708,865,887]" country="Japan" name="Hokkaido" pageId="30" pageNumber="35">Hokkaido</collectingRegion>
|
|
und
|
|
<collectingCountry id="76E17611FFD18D13FCB8FCB7ED70D06F" box="[771,834,865,887]" name="China" pageId="30" pageNumber="35">China</collectingCountry>
|
|
, Shansi,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="C9F64D02FFD18D13FC12FCB7EF6DD08D" authority="MORAWITZ 1930" authorityName="MORAWITZ" authorityYear="1930" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Osmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pamirensis">
|
|
<emphasis id="3C82EA93FFD18D13FC12FCB7EA0FD06F" box="[937,1085,865,887]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="35">O. pamirensis</emphasis>
|
|
MORAWITZ 1930
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
aus dem Pamir und
|
|
<taxonomicName id="C9F64D02FFD18D13FD88FCA9ED62D08D" authority="(WU 1982)" baseAuthorityName="WU" baseAuthorityYear="1982" box="[563,848,895,917]" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Osmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigroscopula">
|
|
<emphasis id="3C82EA93FFD18D13FD88FCA9ECEAD08D" box="[563,728,895,917]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="35">O. nigroscopula</emphasis>
|
|
(WU 1982)
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
aus
|
|
<collectingRegion id="CC32F863FFD18D13FC3AFCA9ED88D08D" box="[897,954,895,917]" country="China" name="Xizang" pageId="30" pageNumber="35">Tibet</collectingRegion>
|
|
. In der Paläarktis ist nach dem bisherigen Forschungsstand noch kein Mannigfaltigkeitszentrum für
|
|
<emphasis id="3C82EA93FFD18D13FF09FC6FEF1DD0D7" box="[178,303,953,975]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="35">Melanosmia</emphasis>
|
|
erkennbar.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="0E493681FFD18D13FF09FC09EFB9D7E4" blockId="30.[178,1086,991,1276]" pageId="30" pageNumber="35">
|
|
Ein Vergleich mit der Nearktis ist derzeit nicht möglich, weil
|
|
<taxonomicName id="C9F64D02FFD18D13FC94FC09EDA9D0EC" baseAuthorityName="ZETTERSTEDT" baseAuthorityYear="1838" box="[815,923,991,1013]" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Osmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inermis">
|
|
<emphasis id="3C82EA93FFD18D13FC94FC09EDA9D0EC" box="[815,923,991,1013]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="35">O. inermis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
von den amerikanischen Autoren in die Untergattung
|
|
<emphasis id="3C82EA93FFD18D13FDEDFC2AECFAD70A" box="[598,712,1020,1042]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="35">Chenosmia</emphasis>
|
|
gestellt wird und
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="6A674B70FFD18D13FC34FC2AEA2BD70A" author="HURD P" box="[911,1049,1020,1042]" pageId="30" pageNumber="35" pagination="1741 - 2209" refId="ref35600" refString="HURD P. D. Jr. (1979): Superfamily Apoidea, S. 1741 - 2209. - In: KROMBEIN K. V., HURD P. D., SMITH D. R. & B. D. BURKS, Catalog of Hymenoptera in America North of Mexico, Bd. 2. Washington, Smithsonian Institution Press." type="book chapter" year="1979">HURD (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
40 Arten aufzählt. Abgesehen davon, wieviele sich bei einer wirklichen Revision als gute Arten herausstellen, ist unklar, wieviele nearktische Arten wirklich zu
|
|
<emphasis id="3C82EA93FFD18D13FC3BFBE0EDCFD754" box="[896,1021,1078,1100]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="35">Melanosmia</emphasis>
|
|
gehören.
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="6A674B70FFD18D13FF5BFB82EFF9D772" author="MICHENER C" box="[224,459,1108,1130]" pageId="30" pageNumber="35" refId="ref36318" refString="MICHENER C. D. (2000): The bees of the world. - 913 S.; Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore. ISBN 0 - 8018 - 6133 - 0." type="book" year="2000">MICHENER (2000: 465)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
synonymisiert
|
|
<emphasis id="3C82EA93FFD18D13FDD2FB82ECE9D772" box="[617,731,1108,1130]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="35">Chenosmia</emphasis>
|
|
und weitere bisher in der Nearktis verwendete Untergattungen zu
|
|
<emphasis id="3C82EA93FFD18D13FE4AFBA7EC5CD79F" box="[497,622,1137,1159]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="35">Melanosmia</emphasis>
|
|
und verweist auf die grosse Artenzahl von
|
|
<quantity id="C90E9B64FFD18D13FB9FFBA7EEF4D7BC" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3114" pageId="30" pageNumber="35" unit="in" value="91.0">91 in</quantity>
|
|
der Nearktis. Durch diese Synonymisierungen ist noch weniger abzuschätzen, wieviele Arten der Nearktis wirklich zu
|
|
<emphasis id="3C82EA93FFD18D13FE43FB7DEC47D7D9" box="[504,629,1195,1217]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="35">Melanosmia</emphasis>
|
|
im Sinn von TKALCŮ gehören, und es wäre ohne umfassende Revision voreilig, die Artenmannigfaltigkeit von
|
|
<emphasis id="3C82EA93FFD18D13FCC3FB1FEDC7D7C7" box="[888,1013,1225,1247]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="35">Melanosmia</emphasis>
|
|
in die Nearktis zu verlegen.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |