397 lines
46 KiB
XML
397 lines
46 KiB
XML
<document id="0C8D155AC0FBD87713AE331A560BDD7B" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.181938" ID-GBIF-Dataset="501f6152-5a48-4b32-922c-ab8ad8f06d97" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="181938" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459844167225" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Chaparro, Juan C., Padial, José M. & Riva, Ignacio De La" docDate="2008" docId="03B7F40CFFD50F1FFF0FB326FBEB1DD5" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01761p058.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1761" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0.4:Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleId="6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Phrynopus nicoleae Chaparro, Padial & Riva, 2008, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="55" masterDocId="FF8E8C74FFD10F19FF98B649FF241A21" masterDocTitle="Two sympatric new species of Phrynopus (Anura: Strabomantidae) from Yanachaga Chemillén National Park (central Peruvian Andes)" masterLastPageNumber="58" masterPageNumber="49" pageNumber="53" updateTime="1698224695552" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="E5D5BE0DF05F4BEA9C73AF3F6057B96E" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="296B86F123D7FF65DA85CF7C74A9FA4B">
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<mods:title id="17828BA86F1932359E9ABF61B3FBD335">Two sympatric new species of Phrynopus (Anura: Strabomantidae) from Yanachaga Chemillén National Park (central Peruvian Andes)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="0A0373F36DD98193306BDD5204C1E09A" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="495805D0F38E024F9B1B5C4194DFC8BF">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="6475408FBC66F59173D7BE6B4E14AA26">Chaparro, Juan C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="F1EFD09B27EDCD59A5E66B8C1CE78903">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="7BE75C2A080B02F7C8A0317EC002FD6B">Padial, José M.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="BAA22D8CEA71D92E9D15D81432A43185" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="39B8914571AEF8D852B4AD25A7A74460">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="5E64A32434CB764CBEBBB1262836556F">Riva, Ignacio De La</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="F7EEB6072ADDC33F2498168AA00092D4">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="848331E7A95568E0973FDED7801259B6">
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<mods:title id="58274F8A52F7EA040BA6E076E49D4F8B">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="86FC3433CA102605C94D983A88918247">
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<mods:date id="DC9B359E7DBFB48CAC0EDABC21B1F935">2008</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="14C89C11F115F9E8142FEEE1B7B8123C" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="A3ACA85D55915605EACFABB930664909">1761</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="B9A5663512560E54DA339BFBDD1A5415">49</mods:start>
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<mods:classification id="614DCA24A47B0789B4D1C8276ECEB326">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="0DDA9D60B31454B128393212F5910DE4" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.181938</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="3F4CCBAA5C9CCA082A4DE3869FF3C1A3" type="GBIF-Dataset">501f6152-5a48-4b32-922c-ab8ad8f06d97</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="43F3E383A0A62583814B8AEBCE1FE0FB" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="63DE20810B9F32009BAAF493A2EA9012" type="Zenodo-Dep">181938</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03B7F40CFFD50F1FFF0FB326FBEB1DD5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6231699" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119361174" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6231699" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B7F40CFFD50F1FFF0FB326FBEB1DD5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B7F40CFFD50F1FFF0FB326FBEB1DD5" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="55" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">
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<subSubSection id="C3041691FFD50F1DFF0FB326FE3C1F8D" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BA1451AFFD50F1DFF0FB326FECF1FA8" blockId="4.[151,491,1391,1452]" box="[151,491,1391,1417]" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">
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<heading id="D0E9F276FFD50F1DFF0FB326FECF1FA8" bold="true" box="[151,491,1391,1417]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD50F1DFF0FB326FECF1FA8" bold="true" box="[151,491,1391,1417]" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD50F1DFF0FB326FEA31FA8" box="[151,391,1391,1417]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nicoleae" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD50F1DFF0FB326FEA31FA8" bold="true" box="[151,391,1391,1417]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">Phrynopus nicoleae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2592473FFD50F1DFE16B326FECF1FA8" box="[398,491,1391,1417]" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA1451AFFD50F1DFF0FB3DBFE3C1F8D" blockId="4.[151,491,1391,1452]" box="[151,280,1426,1452]" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">
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||
(
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<figureCitation id="1325599FFFD50F1DFF07B3DBFE2B1F8D" box="[159,271,1426,1452]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 5" captionStart-1="FIGURE 6" captionStartId-0="7.[151,255,537,561]" captionStartId-1="7.[151,255,1967,1991]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1434,194,511]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,633,1966]" captionTargetId-0="figure@7.[151,1436,194,513]" captionTargetId-1="figure@7.[151,1436,633,1979]" captionTargetPageId-0="7" captionTargetPageId-1="7" captionText-0="FIGURE 5. Living adult female of Phrynopus nicoleae sp. nov. (MHNC 6441, holotype, SVL 21.2 mm) in dorsolateral (A), ventral (B) and dorsal (C) views. Photos by J. C. C." captionText-1="FIGURE 6. Ventral views of hand (A), and foot (B) of adult female Phrynopus nicoleae sp. nov. (MHNC 6441, holotype)." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/181943/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/181944/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">Figs. 5–6</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3041691FFD50F1DFF0FB3A8FB261C6D" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BA1451AFFD50F1DFF0FB3A8FB261C6D" blockId="4.[151,1436,1505,2012]" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">
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<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD50F1DFF0FB3A8FE341FDA" bold="true" box="[151,272,1505,1531]" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">
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<typeStatus id="54A5FBB8FFD50F1DFF0FB3A8FE2F1FDA" box="[151,267,1505,1531]" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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.
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</emphasis>
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<collectionCode id="ED0FDDDFFFD50F1DFE80B3ABFE541FDD" box="[280,368,1506,1532]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/25c9-tsqt" name="Musee d'Histoire Naturelle - La Chaux-de-Fonds" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">MHNC</collectionCode>
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6441 (field code JCC 4001), an adult female (
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<figureCitation id="1325599FFFD50F1DFC09B3ABFCF31FDD" box="[913,983,1506,1532]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[151,255,537,561]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,194,511]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,194,513]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Living adult female of Phrynopus nicoleae sp. nov. (MHNC 6441, holotype, SVL 21.2 mm) in dorsolateral (A), ventral (B) and dorsal (C) views. Photos by J. C. C." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181943/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
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) from Santa Bárbara, Distrito de Huancabamba, Provincia de Oxapampa,
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<quantity id="4CE6E8FFFFD50F1DFDDAB043FDBF1C05" box="[578,667,1546,1572]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.589" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" unit="m" value="3589.0">3589 m</quantity>
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a.s.l. (
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<geoCoordinate id="EE2A23DDFFD50F1DFD70B043FCB11C05" box="[744,917,1546,1572]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" precision="1" value="-10.343416">10° 20' 36.3"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE2A23DDFFD50F1DFC38B043FB7C1C05" box="[928,1112,1546,1572]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" precision="1" value="-75.638306">75° 38' 17.9"W</geoCoordinate>
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), Departmento Pasco,
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<collectingCountry id="F309058AFFD50F1DFAC7B043FABC1C05" box="[1375,1432,1546,1572]" name="Peru" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">Peru</collectingCountry>
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, collected by J. C. Chaparro, A. Quiroz and D. Salcedo on
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<date id="FFA063DAFFD50F1DFCA7B07BFCDA1C6D" box="[831,1022,1586,1612]" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" value="2007-08-26">26 August 2007</date>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3041691FFD50F1CFF5EB010FE901F1B" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="54" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BA1451AFFD50F1DFF5EB010FEE71DAD" blockId="4.[151,1436,1505,2012]" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">
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<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD50F1DFF5EB010FE621C52" bold="true" box="[198,326,1625,1651]" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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(1) A small species (SVL
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<quantity id="4CE6E8FFFFD50F1DFD18B013FDCA1C55" box="[640,750,1626,1652]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.12" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" unit="mm" value="21.2">21.2 mm</quantity>
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), body slim, legs moderately long (TL+FL 90% SVL); (2) tympanic membrane and annulus absent; (3) first finger the same length as second; (4) tips of digits round, slightly swollen, not expanded laterally; (5) toes lacking webbing and fringes; (6) two metatarsal tubercles, tarsal fold absent; (7) dorsal skin finely granular, elongate dorsolateral warts forming a long discontinuous row that does not fuse to form a fold; a conspicuous X-shaped middorsal fold; ventral skin areolate; (8) snout rounded in dorsal view and in profile; (9) dorsum tan with black irregular stripes and bluish-gray tubercles; (10) venter gray, marmorated with small, brown, tan and metallic blue blotches; (11) dentigerous processes of vomers and teeth present.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA1451AFFD50F1CFF5DB1D3FDD01AFB" blockId="4.[151,1436,1505,2012]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1437,152,2018]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="54" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD50F1DFF5DB1D3FE941D92" box="[197,432,1946,1971]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nicoleae">
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<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD50F1DFF5DB1D3FE941D92" box="[197,432,1946,1971]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">Phrynopus nicoleae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is unique among other
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<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD50F1DFD54B1D3FC6F1D92" box="[716,843,1946,1971]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD50F1DFD54B1D3FC6F1D92" box="[716,843,1946,1971]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">Phrynopus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by having the combination of granular dorsum, a middorsal X-shaped fold, a discontinuous row of elongate dorsolateral warts, tympanic membrane and annulus absent, venter areolate, gray venter with small brown and metallic blue to metallic white spots, yellow fingers and toes, metallic bronze iris, and black tarsus.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA1451AFFD40F1CFF5DB6A1FE901F1B" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">
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Twenty other species of
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<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD40F1CFE64B6A1FCB91B08" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD40F1CFE64B6A1FD5F1B20" box="[508,635,232,257]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Phrynopus</taxonomicName>
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(
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<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD40F1CFD0AB6A1FC3F1B20" box="[658,795,232,257]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="auriculatus">auriculatus</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD40F1CFCB5B6A1FC841B20" box="[813,928,232,257]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ayacucho">ayacucho</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD40F1CFC2AB6A1FB101B20" box="[946,1076,232,257]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="barthlenae">barthlenae</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD40F1CFBDEB6A1FBB01B20" box="[1094,1172,232,257]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bracki">bracki</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD40F1CFB3EB6A1FA281B20" box="[1190,1292,232,257]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bufoides">bufoides</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD40F1CFA86B6A1FABC1B20" box="[1310,1432,232,257]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dagmarae">dagmarae</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD40F1CFF0FB759FE351B08" box="[151,273,272,297]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="heimorum">heimorum</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD40F1CFE84B759FEB31B08" box="[284,407,272,297]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="horstpauli">horstpauli</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD40F1CFE3BB759FD391B08" box="[419,541,272,297]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="juninensis">juninensis</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD40F1CFDB1B759FD941B08" box="[553,688,272,297]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kauneorum">kauneorum</taxonomicName>
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, kotosh,
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<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD40F1CFC8EB759FCB91B08" box="[790,925,272,297]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="miroslawae" status="sp. nov.">miroslawae</taxonomicName>
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||
</emphasis>
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||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2592473FFD40F1CFC3DB746FB271B08" box="[933,1027,271,297]" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" rank="species">
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||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD40F1CFC3DB746FB271B08" bold="true" box="[933,1027,271,297]" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
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,
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||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD40F1CFB8AB759FD411B70" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD40F1CFB8AB759FB5F1B08" box="[1042,1147,272,297]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="montium">montium</taxonomicName>
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,
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD40F1CFB1FB759FBC21B08" box="[1159,1254,272,297]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="oblivius">oblivius</taxonomicName>
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||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD40F1CFB6BB759FA751B08" box="[1267,1361,272,297]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="paucari">paucari</taxonomicName>
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||
,
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD40F1CFAC4B759FFF51B70" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="peruanus">peruanus</taxonomicName>
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,
|
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<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD40F1CFF47B771FE6B1B70" box="[223,335,312,337]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pesantesi">pesantesi</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD40F1CFEC4B771FEF21B70" box="[348,470,312,337]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tautzorum">tautzorum</taxonomicName>
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,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD40F1CFE7CB771FD451B70" box="[484,609,312,337]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="thompsoni">thompsoni</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD40F1CFD3AB771FC051B70" box="[674,801,312,337]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD40F1CFD3AB771FC3D1B70" box="[674,793,312,337]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tribulosus">tribulosus</taxonomicName>
|
||
)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
are currently known from the Andes in central
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F309058AFFD40F1CFAC7B771FABD1B73" box="[1375,1433,312,338]" name="Peru" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
. The species most similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD40F1CFE7CB729FD401B58" box="[484,612,352,377]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nicoleae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD40F1CFE7CB729FD401B58" box="[484,612,352,377]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">P. nicoleae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD40F1CFD11B729FC391B58" box="[649,797,352,377]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dagmarae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD40F1CFD11B729FC391B58" box="[649,797,352,377]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">P. dagmarae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, whose
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A5FBB8FFD40F1CFC18B729FC971B5B" box="[896,947,352,378]" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality lies approximately
|
||
<quantity id="4CE6E8FFFFD40F1CFB66B729FA6C1B5B" box="[1278,1352,352,378]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.4" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" unit="km" value="54.0">54 km</quantity>
|
||
airline from that of
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD40F1CFEB3B7C1FE951B80" box="[299,433,392,417]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">P. n i c o l e a e;</emphasis>
|
||
the new species differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD40F1CFC88B7C1FC871B80" box="[784,931,392,417]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dagmarae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD40F1CFC88B7C1FC871B80" box="[784,931,392,417]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">P. dagmarae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by having a X-shaped middorsal fold, yellow digits, and first finger equal to second (middorsal fold absent, red digits, and first finger much shorter than second in
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD40F1CFE89B791FE9C1BD0" box="[273,440,472,497]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD40F1CFE89B791FE8F1BD0" box="[273,427,472,497]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dagmarae">P. dagmarae</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Another geographically close and morphologically similar species is
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD40F1CFB62B791FAB81BD0" box="[1274,1436,472,497]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kauneorum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD40F1CFB62B791FAB81BD0" box="[1274,1436,472,497]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">P. kauneorum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(ca.
|
||
<quantity id="4CE6E8FFFFD40F1CFF54B449FE3D183B" box="[204,281,512,538]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.7" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" unit="km" value="57.0">57 km</quantity>
|
||
airline distance between
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A5FBB8FFD40F1CFDD3B449FD5A183B" box="[587,638,512,538]" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">type</typeStatus>
|
||
localities); however,
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD40F1CFC19B449FCDB1838" box="[897,1023,512,537]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">P. n i c o l e a e</emphasis>
|
||
has granular dorsum and areolate venter (dorsum and venter smooth); furthermore,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD40F1CFD7AB461FC471860" box="[738,867,552,577]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nicoleae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD40F1CFD7AB461FC471860" box="[738,867,552,577]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">P. nicoleae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
inhabits grassland or puna, while
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD40F1CFB62B461FAB81860" box="[1274,1436,552,577]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kauneorum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD40F1CFB62B461FAB81860" box="[1274,1436,552,577]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">P. kauneorum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
inhabits the elfin forest or “ceja de montaña”.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD40F1CFD2CB419FCBA1848" box="[692,926,592,617]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nicoleae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD40F1CFD2CB419FCBA1848" box="[692,926,592,617]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">Phrynopus nicoleae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD40F1CFBA1B419FBE21848" box="[1081,1222,592,617]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ayacucho">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD40F1CFBA1B419FBE21848" box="[1081,1222,592,617]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">P. ayacucho</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by lacking a tympanum (present) and having venter gray with tan, brown, and metallic blue blotches (uniformly tan).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD40F1CFAA4B431FE091898" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nicoleae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD40F1CFAA4B431FE091898" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">Phrynopus nicoleae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD40F1CFE57B4E9FA2F1898" box="[463,1291,672,697]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD40F1CFE57B4E9FD551898" box="[463,625,672,697]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="barthlenae">P. barthlenae</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD40F1CFDE7B4E9FC211898" box="[639,773,672,697]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bufoides">P. bufoides</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD40F1CFC8BB4E9FC881898" box="[787,940,672,697]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="heimorum">P. heimorum</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD40F1CFC23B4E9FB711898" box="[955,1109,672,697]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hortspauli">P. hortspauli</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD40F1CFBFCB4E9FA2F1898" box="[1124,1291,672,697]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="miroslawae" status="sp. nov.">P. miroslawae</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2592473FFD40F1CFA8DB4D6FA511898" box="[1301,1397,671,697]" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD40F1CFA8DB4D6FA511898" bold="true" box="[1301,1397,671,697]" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD40F1CFA1EB4E9FC7F18C0" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD40F1CFA1EB4E9FE2518C0" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="montium">P. montium</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD40F1CFE97B481FEAA18C0" box="[271,398,712,737]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="oblivius">P. oblivius</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD40F1CFE04B481FD3D18C0" box="[412,537,712,737]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="paucari">P. paucari</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD40F1CFDBFB481FD9318C0" box="[551,695,712,737]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pesantesi">P. pesantesi</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD40F1CFD5DB481FC7F18C0" box="[709,859,712,737]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tautzorum">P. tautzorum</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD40F1CFC01B481FB1618C0" box="[921,1074,712,737]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="thompsoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD40F1CFC01B481FB1618C0" box="[921,1074,712,737]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">P. thompsoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in having vomerine teeth and dentigerous processes (absent).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD40F1CFD95B4B9FDD31928" box="[525,759,752,777]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nicoleae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD40F1CFD95B4B9FDD31928" box="[525,759,752,777]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">Phrynopus nicoleae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs fom
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD40F1CFC13B4B9FCD61928" box="[907,1010,752,777]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">P. k o t o s h</emphasis>
|
||
by having dorsal skin finely granular (tuberculate) and a X-shaped middorsal fold (absent).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD40F1CFCCCB551FB651910" box="[852,1089,792,817]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nicoleae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD40F1CFCCCB551FB651910" box="[852,1089,792,817]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">Phrynopus nicoleae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD40F1CFB7EB551FA501910" box="[1254,1396,792,817]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="peruanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD40F1CFB7EB551FA501910" box="[1254,1396,792,817]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">P. peruanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by lacking tympanic membrane (present), and having vomerine teeth (absent).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD40F1CFB83B509FA211978" box="[1051,1285,832,857]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nicoleae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD40F1CFB83B509FA211978" box="[1051,1285,832,857]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">Phrynopus nicoleae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD40F1CFF0FB521FE0919A0" box="[151,301,872,897]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="juninensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD40F1CFF0FB521FE0919A0" box="[151,301,872,897]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">P. juninensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by having areolate venter, granular dorsum and weak supratympanic fold (smooth venter and dorsum, and prominent supratympanic fold). Three species (two of them described recently; Duellman & Hedges, 2008) occur in sympatry not far from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A5FBB8FFD40F1CFD7CB5F1FC3319F3" box="[740,791,952,978]" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality of
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD40F1CFC04B5F1FA6919F0" box="[924,1357,952,977]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD40F1CFC04B5F1FB3B19F0" box="[924,1055,952,977]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nicoleae">P. nicoleae</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD40F1CFBB5B5F1FBF619F0" box="[1069,1234,952,977]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="auriculatus">P. auriculatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD40F1CFB46B5F1FA6D19F0" box="[1246,1353,952,977]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bracki">P. bracki</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD40F1CFA1EB5F1FE2819D8" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tribulosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD40F1CFA1EB5F1FE2819D8" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">P. tribulosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A5FBB8FFD40F1CFE85B5A9FE7519DB" box="[285,337,992,1018]" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality, 5,5 km E Oxapampa,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE6E8FFFFD40F1CFD5DB5A9FC0619DB" box="[709,802,992,1018]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" unit="m" value="2600.0">2600 m</quantity>
|
||
; this locality lies
|
||
<quantity id="4CE6E8FFFFD40F1CFC6DB5A9FB6519DB" box="[1013,1089,992,1018]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" unit="km" value="38.0">38 km</quantity>
|
||
airline SE Santa Bárbara, on mountains at the opposite side of the Oxapampa valley). From
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD40F1CFC17B241FBE21E00" box="[911,1222,1032,1057]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD40F1CFC17B241FB121E00" box="[911,1078,1032,1057]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="auriculatus">P. auriculatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD40F1CFBDCB241FBE21E00" box="[1092,1222,1032,1057]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nicoleae">P. nicoleae</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
differs by having dorsal skin granular and venter areolate, and by lacking a tympanum (dorsal and ventral skin smooth, tympanum present). From
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD40F1CFE11B211FDA61E50" box="[393,642,1112,1137]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD40F1CFE11B211FED01E50" box="[393,500,1112,1137]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bracki">P. bracki</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD40F1CFD99B211FDA61E50" box="[513,642,1112,1137]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nicoleae">P. nicoleae</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is distinguished by having dorsal skin granular and venter areolate (dorsum strongly tuberculate, venter smooth).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD40F1CFD21B2C9FC861EB8" box="[697,930,1152,1177]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nicoleae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD40F1CFD21B2C9FC861EB8" box="[697,930,1152,1177]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">Phrynopus nicoleae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD40F1CFBA6B2C9FBF41EB8" box="[1086,1232,1152,1177]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tribulosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD40F1CFBA6B2C9FBF41EB8" box="[1086,1232,1152,1177]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">P. tribulosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by having dorsal skin granular, venter areolate, and vomerine teeth (dorsal and ventral skin smooth, vomerine teeth absent). In addition to morphological and color pattern differences, because of the high degree of species endemism in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD40F1CFF0FB2B1FE321F30" box="[151,278,1272,1297]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD40F1CFF0FB2B1FE321F30" box="[151,278,1272,1297]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">Phrynopus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(and in similar high Andean genera) it is extremely unlikely that allopatric populations are conspecific (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F309058AFFD40F1CFF42B369FFDA1F1B" box="[218,254,1312,1338]" name="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">De</collectingCountry>
|
||
la
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F38EBFFD40F1CFEBAB369FE831F1B" author="Riva" box="[290,423,1312,1338]" pageId="5" pageNumber="57" refString="De la Riva, I. (2007) Bolivian frogs of the genus Phrynopus, with the description of twelve new species (Anura: Brachycephalidae). Herpetological Monographs, 21, 242 - 278." type="journal article" year="2007">Riva, 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3041691FFD40F1FFF5DB30EFE3C1D25" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="55" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA1451AFFD40F1CFF5DB30EFA521D63" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD40F1CFF5DB30EFD031F40" bold="true" box="[197,551,1351,1377]" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">
|
||
Description of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A5FBB8FFD40F1CFE2CB30EFD061F40" box="[436,546,1351,1377]" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Body slim; dorsal skin granular; dorsolateral fold-like rows of elongated dorsolateral warts; ventral skin areolate; pectoral fold present; head narrower than body, head as wide as long; HW 32% of SVL, HL 28% of SVL; snout rounded in dorsal view and in profile; nostrils not protuberant, closer to snout than to eyes; canthus rostralis concave in dorsal view and sharp in frontal profile; eye-nostril distance 78% of eye length; loreal region slightly concave; cranial crests absent; tympanic membrane and annulus absent; supratympanic fold weak; tongue large, oval; choanae triangular, small, widely spaced; dentigerous processes of vomers and vomerine teeth present; limbs moderately short; tips of digits slightly swollen, not expanded laterally; ulnar tubercle and fold absent; inner palmar tubercle single, oval, flattened, smaller than outer; fingers moderately short, not fringed; subarticular tubercles round, those at the basis of proximal phalanges swollen; first finger of the same length as second; relative length of fingers 1=2<4<3; tibia length 42% of SVL; tarsus with small tubercles, lacking fold; two metatarsal tubercles, oval inner slightly larger than rounded outer; supernumerary tubercles small, poorly defined; subarticular tubercles of toes round, mediumsized; toes not webbed, lateral fringes absent; relative length of toes 1<2<5<3<4; foot length 47% of SVL.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA1451AFFD40F1FFF5DB119FE961B5B" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,2018]" lastBlockId="6.[151,1436,152,578]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="55" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">
|
||
In life, the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A5FBB8FFD40F1CFEDDB119FE8F1D4B" box="[325,427,1872,1898]" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
had the following colour pattern: dorsum tan with poorly defined black blotches associated to dorsal ridges and elongated warts; diffuse black blotches on interocular region; dorsal granules bluish-white; a bold black mask from tip of snout through the supratympanic area to the level of the postrictal area; upper lip with two bold black triangular marks intercalated with bluish-white blotches; subocular region bold black; flanks and extremities tan with abundant bluish-white spots; groin tan with abundant bluish-white spots and an orange spot; anterior surfaces of limbs dark brown with bluish-white spots; belly and throat gray with small, marmorated, brown and metallic blue blotches; ventral surface of arms and legs grayish-black with bluish metallic-white spots, some of them anastomosed; fingers, toes and distal regions of plantar surfaces yellow, proximal regions grayish-brown; upper iris light bronze and lower iris dark bronze, both parts with black reticulations.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA1451AFFD70F1FFF5DB7C1FC631863" blockId="6.[151,1436,152,578]" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">
|
||
In preservative, the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A5FBB8FFD70F1FFE35B7C1FD301B83" box="[429,532,392,418]" pageId="6" pageNumber="55" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
has dorsal surfaces, head and scapular region grayish-tan, extremities brown, and supratympanic stripe black with a white stripe; most parts of the belly and throat are marmorated with grayish-white and dark brown spots; there are brown triangular marks on the upper lip; the palmar surfaces are grayish-white with some dark brown tonalities, and the plantar surfaces are brown with grayish-white toes; the groin is brown with small grayish-white blotches.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF611592FFD70F1FFF00B065FE031C47" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181942/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="55" targetBox="[445,1141,634,1564]" targetPageId="6">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA1451AFFD70F1FFF00B065FE031C47" blockId="6.[151,1436,1580,1638]" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD70F1FFF00B065FE3E1C65" bold="true" box="[152,282,1580,1604]" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
|
||
Habitat at the type locality of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD70F1FFDFEB065FC791C62" box="[614,861,1580,1603]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="miroslawae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD70F1FFDFEB065FC791C62" box="[614,861,1580,1603]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">Phrynopus miroslawae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2592473FFD70F1FFCFCB065FC9E1C65" box="[868,954,1580,1604]" pageId="6" pageNumber="55" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD70F1FFCFCB065FC9E1C65" bold="true" box="[868,954,1580,1604]" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(A) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD70F1FFB84B065FBD51C62" box="[1052,1265,1580,1603]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nicoleae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD70F1FFB84B065FBD51C62" box="[1052,1265,1580,1603]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">Phrynopus nicoleae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2592473FFD70F1FFB61B065FA6B1C65" box="[1273,1359,1580,1604]" pageId="6" pageNumber="55" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD70F1FFB61B065FA6B1C65" bold="true" box="[1273,1359,1580,1604]" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(B) on August 2007.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA1451AFFD70F1FFF5DB0D0FE3C1D25" blockId="6.[151,1436,1689,2036]" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD70F1FFF5DB0D0FDED1C92" bold="true" box="[197,713,1689,1715]" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">Measurements and proportions (in mm):</emphasis>
|
||
SVL, 21.2; HL, 6.1; HW, 6.9;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F309058AFFD70F1FFBA5B0D3FB501C95" box="[1085,1140,1690,1716]" name="India" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">IND</collectingCountry>
|
||
, 2.1;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F309058AFFD70F1FFB2EB0D3FBD11C95" box="[1206,1269,1690,1716]" name="India" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">END</collectingCountry>
|
||
, 1.8; ED, 2.3; TL, 9.0; FL, 10.1; IOD, 3.0; EW, 1.2; HL/SVL, 0.28; HW/SVL, 0.32;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F309058AFFD70F1FFC6CB08BFB161CFD" box="[1012,1074,1730,1756]" name="India" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">END</collectingCountry>
|
||
/ED, 0.78; TL/SVL, 0.42; FL/ SVL, 0.47.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3041691FFD70F1FFF5DB158FC581D75" pageId="6" pageNumber="55" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA1451AFFD70F1FFF5DB158FC581D75" blockId="6.[151,1436,1689,2036]" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD70F1FFF5DB158FE761D0A" bold="true" box="[197,338,1809,1835]" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The name is a patronym for Nicole Morciniec (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F309058AFFD70F1FFC17B15BFCC01D0D" box="[911,996,1810,1836]" name="Poland" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">Poland</collectingCountry>
|
||
) in recognition of her friendship and support of taxonomic research and nature conservation in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F309058AFFD70F1FFCA7B173FC5D1D75" box="[831,889,1850,1876]" name="Peru" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3041691FFD70F1FFF5DB128FBEB1DD5" pageId="6" pageNumber="55" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA1451AFFD70F1FFF5DB128FBEB1DD5" blockId="6.[151,1436,1689,2036]" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD70F1FFF5DB128FD7A1D5A" bold="true" box="[197,606,1889,1915]" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">Distribution and natural history.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD70F1FFDFEB12BFC6B1D5A" box="[614,847,1890,1915]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nicoleae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD70F1FFDFEB12BFC6B1D5A" box="[614,847,1890,1915]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">Phrynopus nicoleae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is known only from the locality of Santa Bárbara, Distrito de Huancabamba, Provincia de Oxapampa, Departmento Pasco, at
|
||
<quantity id="4CE6E8FFFFD70F1FFB90B1C3FB431D85" box="[1032,1127,1930,1956]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.589" pageId="6" pageNumber="55" unit="m" value="3589.0">3589 m</quantity>
|
||
.a.s.l. (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1325599FFFD70F1FFB36B1C3FBD11D85" box="[1198,1269,1930,1956]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,255,1241,1265]" captionTargetBox="[418,1171,356,1214]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[415,1171,354,1217]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Map of western South America with a square indicating the type locality of Phrynopus miroslawae sp. nov. and Phrynopus nicoleae sp. nov. in Peru." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181941/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
). This species inhabits grasslands or “puna” areas (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1325599FFFD70F1FFDD1B1FBFDB71DED" box="[585,659,1970,1996]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[152,256,1580,1604]" captionTargetBox="[445,1141,634,1564]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[445,1141,634,1564]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Habitat at the type locality of Phrynopus miroslawae sp. nov. (A) and Phrynopus nicoleae sp. nov. (B) on August 2007." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181942/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
B). The
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A5FBB8FFD70F1FFD6CB1FBFC7E1DED" box="[756,858,1970,1996]" pageId="6" pageNumber="55" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
was collected during the dry season under a big stone. The only additional amphibian species found in sympatry was
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD70F1FFC5AB193FBEC1DD2" box="[962,1224,2010,2035]" class="Amphibia" family="Hemiphractidae" genus="Gastrotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="griswoldi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD70F1FFC5AB193FBEC1DD2" box="[962,1224,2010,2035]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">Gastrotheca griswoldi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |