316 lines
34 KiB
XML
316 lines
34 KiB
XML
<document id="D59FE982C5E6CFD22B8DCE1F6BAF06E3" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3709.5.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="7049fe72-a637-4081-b2df-f59a5c15b7ba" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="222571" ID-ZooBank="0EAE3D84-E1E8-442D-A9BD-3E7046A2A706" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460674603724" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Lonsdale, Owen" docDate="2013" docId="03F68B67BB1FE13171E6FD61FB13FBAF" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03709p460.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3709 (5)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Japanagromyza parvula Spencer" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="458" masterDocId="FFCFF31FBB14E13C7171FFB6FFD2FFD2" masterDocTitle="Japanagromyza Sasakawa (Diptera: Agromyzidae) of Africa" masterLastPageNumber="460" masterPageNumber="445" pageNumber="456" updateTime="1698349524746" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="E9E0A018BE5F553F0DCE0D6576ACBA60" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="38FE9D224F41C995E9D7D394EF9F1523">
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<mods:title id="C28478D0AE662D9BC33A4550116AA19E">Japanagromyza Sasakawa (Diptera: Agromyzidae) of Africa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="483505F215BF764225D12B2259084771" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="94B34BAF18F20974A835ACFF5B78EE25">
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<mods:roleTerm id="995186B23AE6690453BCC0F461BBA9DF">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="E8AA09A7ECE61E6806319ECCB42FDBAF">Lonsdale, Owen</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="7ABC4AF3FA2DF9FE7CB524D3ABB07373">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem id="B6946BFF23FB80F77A6CBC2434528D79" type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo id="74D10C895B80F53068DCF50F6A95FA5F">
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<mods:title id="0D964AC0984CBAA0E335C68B6158DBD5">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="8B9C672FC30BFE11D8E515CFEC08653D">
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<mods:date id="CD8BA1BE8DB0694B5719ED747DC0FB52">2013</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="B5CE8B3F5B6860FB942995C0CB556251" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="887435508BECC0EA8B079205E3856654">3709</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="3DEB609A97154B5350246128DDCF6DC8" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="E09A07A166B8086D4C6FC1C1159BB23F">5</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent id="02A76AB34645A37AB664246524BE7002" unit="page">
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<mods:start id="F86D0FAF90976AEEF447E9127588391F">445</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="CB78FEB3FE02F97D0DF9FEC451DDBCDF">460</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification id="C907E2E31585B627F8167EB5CA0CC0D6">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="265C9CD2CDA5498D4D46E6C6AB6BBD09" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3709.5.3</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="74734258DA74DF2AFDE0A91303DF88CC" type="GBIF-Dataset">7049fe72-a637-4081-b2df-f59a5c15b7ba</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="83D47DC57F9F89389959E0C15CDACA51" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="E8A0BCC1FEA8665E18171E71ED846726" type="Zenodo-Dep">222571</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="8612A558E29A386C77A868EF810507FD" type="ZooBank">0EAE3D84-E1E8-442D-A9BD-3E7046A2A706</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="03F68B67BB1FE13171E6FD61FB13FBAF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6150014" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119580259" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6150014" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F68B67BB1FE13171E6FD61FB13FBAF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F68B67BB1FE13171E6FD61FB13FBAF" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="458" pageId="11" pageNumber="456">
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<subSubSection id="C34569FABB1FE13771E6FD61FCC7FC8A" pageId="11" pageNumber="456" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BE03A71BB1FE13771E6FD61FDF5FD20" blockId="11.[151,551,727,787]" box="[151,551,727,754]" pageId="11" pageNumber="456">
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<heading id="D0A88D1DBB1FE13771E6FD61FDF5FD20" bold="true" box="[151,551,727,754]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="456" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C5F41F2BB1FE13771E6FD61FDF5FD20" ID-CoL="3QLSW" authority="Spencer" authorityName="Spencer" box="[151,551,727,754]" class="Insecta" family="Agromyzidae" genus="Japanagromyza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="456" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parvula">
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<emphasis id="B92BE663BB1FE13771E6FD61FDF5FD20" bold="true" box="[151,551,727,754]" pageId="11" pageNumber="456">
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<emphasis id="B92BE663BB1FE13771E6FD61FE69FD23" bold="true" box="[151,443,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="456">Japanagromyza parvula</emphasis>
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Spencer
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE03A71BB1FE13771E6FD4CFEC7FCC1" blockId="11.[151,551,727,787]" box="[151,277,762,787]" pageId="11" pageNumber="456">
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<figureCitation id="136426F4BB1FE13771E6FD4CFEC7FCC1" box="[151,277,762,787]" captionStart="FIGURES 35 – 40" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1801,1824]" captionTargetBox="[157,1425,201,1773]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1436,193,1781]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 35 – 40. Japanagromyza parvula Spencer, male genitalia; 35: external genitalia, anterior; 36: external terminalia, right lateral; 37: hypandrium (base missing), ventral; 38: right postgonite, ventral; 39: phallus, epiphallus and base of phallapodede, left lateral; 40: phallus and epiphallus, ventral; 41: ejaculatory apodeme." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/222577/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="456">Figs 35–40</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE03A71BB1FE13771E6FCF5FCC7FC8A" blockId="11.[151,789,834,856]" box="[151,789,834,856]" pageId="11" pageNumber="456">
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<taxonomicName id="4C5F41F2BB1FE13771E6FCF5FD91FC8A" authority="Spencer 1961a: 1" authorityName="Spencer" authorityPageNumber="1" authorityYear="1961" box="[151,579,834,856]" class="Insecta" family="Agromyzidae" genus="Japanagromyza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="456" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parvula">
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<emphasis id="B92BE663BB1FE13771E6FCF5FE5FFC8A" box="[151,397,834,856]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="456">Japanagromyza parvula</emphasis>
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Spencer 1961a: 1
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</taxonomicName>
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; Spencer 1990: 135.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C34569FABB1FE13771E6FC33FCEDF8BD" pageId="11" pageNumber="456" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BE03A71BB1FE13771E6FC33FBDDFC3B" blockId="11.[151,1436,901,2012]" pageId="11" pageNumber="456">
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<emphasis id="B92BE663BB1FE13771E6FC33FEFBFC4C" bold="true" box="[151,297,901,926]" pageId="11" pageNumber="456">Description.</emphasis>
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Wing length
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<quantity id="4CA79794BB1FE13770CEFC33FDECFC4C" box="[447,574,901,926]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" metricValueMax="2.6" metricValueMin="2.2" pageId="11" pageNumber="456" unit="mm" value="2.4" valueMax="2.6" valueMin="2.2">2.2–2.6mm</quantity>
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(♂),
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<quantity id="4CA79794BB1FE137730BFC30FD28FC4C" box="[634,762,902,926]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3499999999999996" metricValueMax="2.4" metricValueMin="2.3" pageId="11" pageNumber="456" unit="mm" value="2.3499999999999996" valueMax="2.4" valueMin="2.3">2.3–2.4mm</quantity>
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(♀),
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<quantity id="4CA79794BB1FE1377244FC30FC56FC4C" box="[821,900,902,926]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="11" pageNumber="456" unit="mm" value="1.9">1.9mm</quantity>
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(♀
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<typeStatus id="54E484D3BB1FE13772D0FC33FBDDFC4C" box="[929,1039,901,926]" pageId="11" pageNumber="456" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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). Length of ultimate section of vein CuA1 divided by penultimate section: 0.6–0.7; vein r-m at 1/3–2/5 length of cell dm. Eye height divided by gena height 5.5–7.6. Lunule with pubescence silvery. Face with slight medial carina.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE03A71BB1FE13771B6FC42FBCFFBAA" blockId="11.[151,1436,901,2012]" pageId="11" pageNumber="456">
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<emphasis id="B92BE663BB1FE13771B6FC42FE9DFBDF" box="[199,335,1012,1037]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="456">Chaetotaxy:</emphasis>
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Third
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<emphasis id="B92BE663BB1FE13770D4FC43FE17FBDE" box="[421,453,1013,1036]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="456">ori</emphasis>
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sometimes present on one side of frons. Prescutellar acrostichal seta varying from slightly less or more than half length of posterior dorsocentral. Acrostichal setulae usually in 10–12 rows, sometimes 8 (including
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<typeStatus id="54E484D3BB1FE13770D8FB8AFDC2FB87" box="[425,528,1084,1109]" pageId="11" pageNumber="456" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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). Intra post-alar setula-like. Fore tibia with medial seta. Mid femur with several long, curved posterodistal setae. Katepisternum with one smaller additional seta.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE03A71BB1FE13771B6FB32FBCAFB37" blockId="11.[151,1436,901,2012]" pageId="11" pageNumber="456">
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<emphasis id="B92BE663BB1FE13771B6FB32FE8BFB4F" box="[199,345,1156,1181]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="456">Colouration:</emphasis>
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Setae and setulae dark brown, setulae sometimes paler (including in
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<typeStatus id="54E484D3BB1FE137752EFB32FB14FB4F" box="[1119,1222,1156,1181]" pageId="11" pageNumber="456" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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). Halter white with most of stem brown, and sides of knob with ill-defined brown patches (also see
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<emphasis id="B92BE663BB1FE137756BFB1FFB50FB12" box="[1050,1154,1193,1216]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="456">Variation</emphasis>
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below). Calypter margin and hairs dark brown. Body colour brown with nearly indiscernible green shine.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE03A71BB1FE13771B6FB46FBD3F9A3" blockId="11.[151,1436,901,2012]" pageId="11" pageNumber="456">
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<emphasis id="B92BE663BB1FE13771B6FB46FEEBFADB" box="[199,313,1264,1289]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="456">Genitalia:</emphasis>
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Subepandrial sclerite bare; narrow arms contiguous with inner margin of surstylus; arms broadly joined medially to form anteriorly projecting plate. Surstylus fused to epandrium, but strongly inset from margin; broadly rounded, half length of epandrium; inner surface setose along midline apically. Cercus large, broad. Hypandrium with extremely elongate apodeme; lateral arms strongly deviated medially at point of contact with postgonite (broken in illustrated male, not drawn). Phallophorus asymmetrical, produced along left margin to point of fusion with basiphallus, which wraps around shaft onto right distal margin. Mesophallus lightly pigmented, tubular, bulging ventroapically, and with base rounded. Hypophallus consisting of membranous folds with curved, projecting tubule that varies from mostly clear to moderately pigmented. Distiphallus with one pair of dark, thin, elongate tubules that join near base. Ejaculatory apodeme with well-sclerotized, bulb-like
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<emphasis id="B92BE663BB1FE13775FDF9A6FAB9F9FB" box="[1164,1387,1552,1577]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="456">pileus ejaculatorius</emphasis>
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that is produced into one pair of curved, heavily sclerotized processes; stem nearly indistinct and basal process reduced; blade narrow, irregular and pale with dark medial rib; base of duct pigmented.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE03A71BB1FE13771B6F9CBFACEF89E" blockId="11.[151,1436,901,2012]" pageId="11" pageNumber="456">
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<emphasis id="B92BE663BB1FE13771B6F9CBFEEAF946" box="[199,312,1661,1684]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="456">Variation:</emphasis>
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Some females from
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<collectingCountry id="F3487AE1BB1FE137735DF9CAFDB0F946" box="[556,610,1660,1684]" name="South Africa" pageId="11" pageNumber="456">RSA</collectingCountry>
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and
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<collectingCountry id="F3487AE1BB1FE13773EFF9CAFD28F947" box="[670,762,1660,1685]" name="Burundi" pageId="11" pageNumber="456">Burundi</collectingCountry>
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vary as follows: halter knob entirely white/yellow; orbital plate with glossy spot around base of fronto-orbitals; length of ultimate section of vein CuA1 divided by penultimate section 0.7–0.9; eye height divided by gena height 9.4–15.2; katepisternum with 3 smaller additional setae; posterodistal setae on mid femur less developed; female from Free State with calypter margin and hairs paler brown. One female from
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<collectingCountry id="F3487AE1BB1FE13770C4F8B9FE39F8F5" box="[437,491,1807,1831]" name="South Africa" pageId="11" pageNumber="456">RSA</collectingCountry>
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(Manguzi Forest Reserve) with entirely white halter excluding brown basal spot on stem and faded brownish spot on knob base.
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<typeStatus id="54E484D3BB1FE13773FFF885FD24F89E" box="[654,758,1843,1868]" pageId="11" pageNumber="456" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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with halter white excluding brownish stem base.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE03A71BB1FE13771B6F8E0FCEDF8BD" blockId="11.[151,1436,901,2012]" box="[199,831,1878,1903]" pageId="11" pageNumber="456">
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<emphasis id="B92BE663BB1FE13771B6F8E0FED4F8BD" bold="true" box="[199,262,1878,1903]" pageId="11" pageNumber="456">Host.</emphasis>
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Fabaceae—
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<taxonomicName id="4C5F41F2BB1FE13770E0F8E0FCE8F8BD" authority="Spencer, 1990" authorityName="Spencer" authorityYear="1990" box="[401,826,1878,1903]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Crotalaria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="11" pageNumber="456" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="agatiflora">
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<emphasis id="B92BE663BB1FE13770E0F8E0FDADF8BD" box="[401,639,1878,1903]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="456">Crotalaria agatiflora</emphasis>
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(Spencer, 1990)
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C34569FABB1FE13771B6F8CDFE2AF865" pageId="11" pageNumber="456" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="8BE03A71BB1FE13771B6F8CDFE2AF865" blockId="11.[151,1436,901,2012]" pageId="11" pageNumber="456">
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<emphasis id="B92BE663BB1FE13771B6F8CDFE47F846" bold="true" box="[199,405,1915,1940]" pageId="11" pageNumber="456">Distribution. AF:</emphasis>
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<collectingCountry id="F3487AE1BB1FE13770EFF8CDFE2DF846" box="[414,511,1915,1940]" name="Burundi" pageId="11" pageNumber="456">Burundi</collectingCountry>
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*,
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<collectingCountry id="F3487AE1BB1FE1377367F8CAFDB0F846" box="[534,610,1916,1940]" name="Kenya" pageId="11" pageNumber="456">Kenya</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F3487AE1BB1FE137731FF8CDFD1AF846" box="[622,712,1915,1940]" name="Nigeria" pageId="11" pageNumber="456">Nigeria</collectingCountry>
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*,
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<collectingCountry id="F3487AE1BB1FE13773AFF8CDFBD2F846" box="[734,1024,1915,1940]" name="South Africa" pageId="11" pageNumber="456">Republic of South Africa</collectingCountry>
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*,
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<collectingCountry id="F3487AE1BB1FE1377567F8CDFBACF846" box="[1046,1150,1915,1940]" name="Tanzania" pageId="11" pageNumber="456">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F3487AE1BB1FE13775FBF8CDFB3AF846" box="[1162,1256,1915,1940]" name="Uganda" pageId="11" pageNumber="456">Uganda</collectingCountry>
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*.
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<emphasis id="B92BE663BB1FE137758CF8CDFAFAF846" bold="true" box="[1277,1320,1915,1940]" pageId="11" pageNumber="456">PA:</emphasis>
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<collectingCountry id="F3487AE1BB1FE1377440F8CDFAACF841" box="[1329,1406,1915,1939]" name="Oman" pageId="11" pageNumber="456">Oman</collectingCountry>
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[?],
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<collectingCountry id="F3487AE1BB1FE13771E6F828FEFBF865" box="[151,297,1950,1975]" name="Saudi Arabia" pageId="11" pageNumber="456">Saudi Arabia</collectingCountry>
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(Deeming, 2006).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C34569FABB1FE13171B6F875FBCCFEB6" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="458" pageId="11" pageNumber="456" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BE03A71BB1FE13771B6F875FB4BF809" blockId="11.[151,1436,901,2012]" box="[199,1177,1987,2012]" pageId="11" pageNumber="456">
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<emphasis id="B92BE663BB1FE13771B6F875FE0EF80E" bold="true" box="[199,476,1987,2012]" pageId="11" pageNumber="456">
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<typeStatus id="54E484D3BB1FE13771B6F875FEE4F80E" box="[199,310,1987,2012]" pageId="11" pageNumber="456" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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.
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<collectingCountry id="F3487AE1BB1FE1377033F875FE05F80E" box="[322,471,1987,2012]" name="Tanzania" pageId="11" pageNumber="456">TANZANIA</collectingCountry>
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.
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</emphasis>
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“Makoa T.T.O-Afr.”,
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<date id="FFE11CB1BB1FE13773A2F875FCEBF80E" box="[723,825,1987,2012]" pageId="11" pageNumber="456" value="1959-02-09">9.ii.1959</date>
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, at light, Lindner (1♀, SMNS).
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="DF206AF9BB18E13071E6F8BFFBDAF88F" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/222577/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="457" targetBox="[157,1425,201,1773]" targetPageId="12">
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<paragraph id="8BE03A71BB18E13071E6F8BFFBDAF88F" blockId="12.[151,1436,1801,1885]" pageId="12" pageNumber="457">
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<emphasis id="B92BE663BB18E13071E6F8BFFE84F8CD" bold="true" box="[151,342,1801,1824]" pageId="12" pageNumber="457">FIGURES 35–40.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C5F41F2BB18E130702EF8BDFD61F8F2" authority="Spencer" authorityName="Spencer" box="[351,691,1802,1824]" class="Insecta" family="Agromyzidae" genus="Japanagromyza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="457" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parvula">
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<emphasis id="B92BE663BB18E130702EF8BDFD8AF8F2" box="[351,600,1802,1824]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="457">Japanagromyza parvula</emphasis>
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Spencer
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</taxonomicName>
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, male genitalia; 35: external genitalia, anterior; 36: external terminalia, right lateral; 37: hypandrium (base missing), ventral; 38: right postgonite, ventral; 39: phallus, epiphallus and base of phallapodede, left lateral; 40: phallus and epiphallus, ventral; 41: ejaculatory apodeme.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="8BE03A71BB18E13171B6F83CFBCCFEB6" blockId="12.[151,1436,1930,2027]" lastBlockId="13.[151,1436,151,1149]" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="458" pageId="12" pageNumber="457">
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<emphasis id="B92BE663BB18E13071B6F83CFD96F871" bold="true" box="[199,580,1930,1955]" pageId="12" pageNumber="457">
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Material examined.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3487AE1BB18E13070CBF83CFDEDF871" box="[442,575,1930,1955]" name="Burundi" pageId="12" pageNumber="457">BURUNDI</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3487AE1BB18E130733DF83CFD7AF871" box="[588,680,1930,1955]" name="Burundi" pageId="12" pageNumber="457">Burundi</collectingCountry>
|
||
Prov.: Réserve Naturelle de Rumonge, 04˚00.940’S, 29˚29.560’E,
|
||
<date id="FFE11CB1BB18E13071E6F81BFEE9F814" box="[151,315,1965,1990]" pageId="12" pageNumber="457" value="2012-11-17" valueMax="2012-11-20" valueMin="2012-11-17">
|
||
17–20.xi.
|
||
<quantity id="4CA79794BB18E130718CF81BFEE9F814" box="[253,315,1965,1990]" metricMagnitude="6" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0129" pageId="12" pageNumber="457" unit="m" value="2012900.0">2012</quantity>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, 900m, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs (2♀, BMSA).
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BE663BB18E1307235F81BFC14F814" bold="true" box="[836,966,1965,1990]" pageId="12" pageNumber="457">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3487AE1BB18E1307235F81BFC13F814" box="[836,961,1965,1990]" name="Nigeria" pageId="12" pageNumber="457">NIGERIA</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
N.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3487AE1BB18E1307573F81BFB8BF814" box="[1026,1113,1965,1990]" name="Nigeria" pageId="12" pageNumber="457">Nigeria</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Bauchi vegetable garden,
|
||
<date id="FFE11CB1BB18E13071E6F864FED3F839" box="[151,257,2002,2027]" pageId="12" pageNumber="457" value="1990-04-06">6.iv.1990</date>
|
||
, J.C. Deeming (
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D59F1F8BB18E13070B7F864FE38F838" box="[454,490,2002,2026]" pageId="12" pageNumber="457" type="generic">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, NMWC).
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BE663BB18E1307300F864FD62F839" bold="true" box="[625,688,2002,2027]" pageId="12" pageNumber="457">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3487AE1BB18E1307300F864FD79F839" box="[625,683,2002,2027]" name="South Africa" pageId="12" pageNumber="457">RSA</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Kwa Zulu-Natal: Kosi Bay Nature Reserve, at(2): 26˚57’17”S, 32˚49’27”E,
|
||
<date id="FFE11CB1BB19E131705DFF21FE0AFF62" box="[300,472,151,176]" pageId="13" pageNumber="458" value="2012-12-13" valueMax="2012-12-17" valueMin="2012-12-13">13–17.xii.2012</date>
|
||
, 82m, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs, Malaise traps, woodland savanna (
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D59F1F8BB19E13175EDFF2EFB12FF62" box="[1180,1216,152,176]" pageId="13" pageNumber="458" type="generic">3♂</specimenCount>
|
||
3♀, BMSA), Kwa Zulu-Natal: Manguzi Forest Reserve, 26˚59’32”S, 32˚43’25”E,
|
||
<date id="FFE11CB1BB19E13172F5FF0AFBE3FF07" box="[900,1073,188,213]" pageId="13" pageNumber="458" value="2010-12-13" valueMax="2010-12-17" valueMin="2010-12-13">13–17.xii.2010</date>
|
||
, 61m, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs (1♀, BMSA), KZN: Ndumo Game R., main camp area at: 26˚54.652’S, 32˚19.719’E,
|
||
<date id="FFE11CB1BB19E131756CFF69FB10FF2A" box="[1053,1218,223,248]" pageId="13" pageNumber="458" value="2009-11-27" valueMax="2009-11-30" valueMin="2009-11-27">27–30.xi.2009</date>
|
||
, A.H. Kirk-Spriggs (4♀, BMSA), Free State: Harrismith
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3487AE1BB19E1317335FEB2FD74FECF" box="[580,678,260,285]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="13" pageNumber="458">Scotland</collectingCountry>
|
||
Farm at: 27˚58’59.5”S, 29˚37’09.8”E,
|
||
<date id="FFE11CB1BB19E131751CFEB2FAC3FECF" box="[1133,1297,260,285]" pageId="13" pageNumber="458" value="2009-11-10" valueMax="2009-11-12" valueMin="2009-11-10">10–12.xi.2009</date>
|
||
, A.H. Kirk- Spriggs (1♀, BMSA).
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BE663BB19E13170EDFE91FDA0FE92" bold="true" box="[412,626,295,320]" pageId="13" pageNumber="458">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3487AE1BB19E13170EDFE91FDBFFE92" box="[412,621,295,320]" name="Saudi Arabia" pageId="13" pageNumber="458">SAUDI ARABIA</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Aseer, Maraba, Malaise trap in fruit farm,
|
||
<date id="FFE11CB1BB19E1317519FE91FB2CFE92" box="[1128,1278,295,320]" pageId="13" pageNumber="458" value="2003-06-01" valueMax="2003-06-17" valueMin="2003-06-01">1–17.vi.2003</date>
|
||
, H.A. Dawah (
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D59F1F8BB19E13171D0FEFAFF17FEB6" box="[161,197,332,356]" pageId="13" pageNumber="458" type="generic">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, NMWC).
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BE663BB19E1317032FEFAFE17FEB7" bold="true" box="[323,453,332,357]" pageId="13" pageNumber="458">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3487AE1BB19E1317032FEFAFE12FEB7" box="[323,448,332,357]" name="Uganda" pageId="13" pageNumber="458">UGANDA</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Entebbe,
|
||
<date id="FFE11CB1BB19E1317344FEFAFD73FEB7" box="[565,673,332,357]" pageId="13" pageNumber="458" value="1972-06-07">7.vi.1972</date>
|
||
, H. Falke, in forest (
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D59F1F8BB19E13172F8FEFAFC7FFEB6" box="[905,941,332,356]" pageId="13" pageNumber="458" type="generic">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, BMNH).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34569FABB19E13171B6FED9FB13FBAF" pageId="13" pageNumber="458" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE03A71BB19E13171B6FED9FBB6FD7A" blockId="13.[151,1436,151,1149]" pageId="13" pageNumber="458">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BE663BB19E13171B6FED9FE9DFE5A" bold="true" box="[199,335,367,392]" pageId="13" pageNumber="458">Comments.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5F41F2BB19E131702BFEC7FDBFFE5A" box="[346,621,367,392]" class="Insecta" family="Agromyzidae" genus="Japanagromyza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="458" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parvula">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BE663BB19E131702BFEC7FDBFFE5A" box="[346,621,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="458">Japanagromyza parvula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5F41F2BB19E13173DAFEC7FCECFE5A" box="[683,830,367,392]" class="Insecta" family="Agromyzidae" genus="Japanagromyza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="458" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tephrosiae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BE663BB19E13173DAFEC7FCECFE5A" box="[683,830,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="458">J. tephrosiae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are nearly identical in morphology and preliminary findings suggest that their boundaries are in need of redefinition. It is unusual that direct comparisons have never been made in the literature despite their highly derived and nearly identical genitalia, including a very elongate, bifid distiphallus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136426F4BB19E1317013FE6AFE36FE26" box="[354,484,476,501]" captionStart="FIGURES 35 – 40" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1801,1824]" captionTargetBox="[157,1425,201,1773]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1436,193,1781]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 35 – 40. Japanagromyza parvula Spencer, male genitalia; 35: external genitalia, anterior; 36: external terminalia, right lateral; 37: hypandrium (base missing), ventral; 38: right postgonite, ventral; 39: phallus, epiphallus and base of phallapodede, left lateral; 40: phallus and epiphallus, ventral; 41: ejaculatory apodeme." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/222577/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="458">Figs 39, 40</figureCitation>
|
||
). The only previously recognized external difference diagnosing the two is the colour of the halter, with that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5F41F2BB19E13170B8FDB7FDECFDCA" box="[457,574,511,536]" class="Insecta" family="Agromyzidae" genus="Japanagromyza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="458" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parvula">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BE663BB19E13170B8FDB7FDECFDCA" box="[457,574,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="458">J. parvula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
being entirely white and that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5F41F2BB19E13172B5FDB7FB8AFDCA" box="[964,1112,511,536]" class="Insecta" family="Agromyzidae" genus="Japanagromyza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="458" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tephrosiae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BE663BB19E13172B5FDB7FB8AFDCA" box="[964,1112,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="458">J. tephrosiae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
being brown with the apex becoming white gradually. The present study finds halter pigmentation to be quite variable across African specimens, sometimes even within the same locality—the knob is quite variably brown, often being mostly white on the lateral and sometimes dorsal surfaces (most females), with the margin of the brown sections fading gradually to white (not abruptly delimited, as seen in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5F41F2BB19E131739CFD27FCB4FD7A" box="[749,870,655,680]" class="Insecta" family="Agromyzidae" genus="Japanagromyza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="458" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laureata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BE663BB19E131739CFD27FCB4FD7A" box="[749,870,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="458">J. laureata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5F41F2BB19E13172EDFD27FB86FD7A" box="[924,1108,655,680]" class="Insecta" family="Agromyzidae" genus="Japanagromyza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="458" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrihalterata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BE663BB19E13172EDFD27FB86FD7A" box="[924,1108,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="458">J. nigrihalterata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE03A71BB19E13171B6FD02FAD5FC1A" blockId="13.[151,1436,151,1149]" pageId="13" pageNumber="458">
|
||
Aside from this slight variation in pigmentation between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5F41F2BB19E1317225FD03FBB7FD1F" box="[852,1125,692,717]" class="Insecta" family="Agromyzidae" genus="Japanagromyza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="458" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parvula">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BE663BB19E1317225FD03FBB7FD1F" box="[852,1125,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="458">Japanagromyza parvula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5F41F2BB19E13175EEFD03FAE2FD1F" box="[1183,1328,692,717]" class="Insecta" family="Agromyzidae" genus="Japanagromyza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="458" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tephrosiae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BE663BB19E13175EEFD03FAE2FD1F" box="[1183,1328,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="458">J. tephrosiae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the only other apparent morphological difference appears to be the relative shape of the external male terminalia (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136426F4BB19E131744EFD61FF65FCC7" captionStart="FIGURES 35 – 40" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1801,1824]" captionTargetBox="[157,1425,201,1773]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1436,193,1781]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 35 – 40. Japanagromyza parvula Spencer, male genitalia; 35: external genitalia, anterior; 36: external terminalia, right lateral; 37: hypandrium (base missing), ventral; 38: right postgonite, ventral; 39: phallus, epiphallus and base of phallapodede, left lateral; 40: phallus and epiphallus, ventral; 41: ejaculatory apodeme." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/222577/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="458">Figs 35, 36</figureCitation>
|
||
). When viewed laterally, the cercus of an Australian male of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5F41F2BB19E13172E1FD4BFBF6FCC7" box="[912,1060,764,789]" class="Insecta" family="Agromyzidae" genus="Japanagromyza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="458" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tephrosiae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BE663BB19E13172E1FD4BFBF6FCC7" box="[912,1060,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="458">J. tephrosiae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(figured as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5F41F2BB19E13175C6FD4BFAA9FCC6" authority="Spencer" authorityName="Spencer" box="[1207,1403,764,789]" class="Insecta" family="Agromyzidae" genus="Japanagromyza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="458" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="badia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BE663BB19E13175C6FD4BFAC7FCC7" box="[1207,1301,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="458">J. badia</emphasis>
|
||
Spencer
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in Spencer (1977), which was later synonymized by Spencer (1990)) appears to be slightly longer, and the surstylus is longer and considerably narrower; this state is here also assumed to be present in the Indian population as well, as Spencer (1990) noted that the male genitalia of the two sets of reared specimens were “identical”. With these slight differences between the African and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3487AE1BB19E1317347FC3AFDBBFC77" box="[566,617,908,933]" name="India" pageId="13" pageNumber="458">Indo</collectingCountry>
|
||
/Australian groups,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5F41F2BB19E1317239FC3BFC69FC77" box="[840,955,908,933]" class="Insecta" family="Agromyzidae" genus="Japanagromyza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="458" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parvula">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BE663BB19E1317239FC3BFC69FC77" box="[840,955,908,933]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="458">J. parvula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is here tentatively redefined to encompass the African populations, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5F41F2BB19E13170ADFC07FDBEFC1A" box="[476,620,943,968]" class="Insecta" family="Agromyzidae" genus="Japanagromyza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="458" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tephrosiae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BE663BB19E13170ADFC07FDBEFC1A" box="[476,620,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="458">J. tephrosiae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is redefined to encompass the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3487AE1BB19E13172B4FC19FC2AFC1A" box="[965,1016,943,968]" name="India" pageId="13" pageNumber="458">Indo</collectingCountry>
|
||
/Australian populations.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE03A71BB19E13171B6FC63FB13FBAF" blockId="13.[151,1436,151,1149]" pageId="13" pageNumber="458">
|
||
Host choice within the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5F41F2BB19E13170A4FC62FDEFFC3F" box="[469,573,980,1005]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="13" pageNumber="458" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
also varies between the two sets of populations, somewhat supporting this new division.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5F41F2BB19E131704DFC41FE61FBC2" box="[316,435,1015,1040]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Crotalaria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="13" pageNumber="458" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BE663BB19E131704DFC41FE61FBC2" box="[316,435,1015,1040]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="458">Crotalaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-feeding was recorded for a
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3487AE1BB19E1317273FC4EFC8BFBC2" box="[770,857,1016,1040]" name="Kenya" pageId="13" pageNumber="458">Kenyan</collectingCountry>
|
||
specimen in Spencer (1990) (i.e.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5F41F2BB19E131759BFC4FFF3CFBE7" class="Insecta" family="Agromyzidae" genus="Japanagromyza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="458" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parvula">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BE663BB19E131759BFC4FFF3CFBE7" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="458">Japanagromyza parvula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5F41F2BB19E1317030FBAAFE7EFBE7" box="[321,428,1052,1077]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Tephrosia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="13" pageNumber="458" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BE663BB19E1317030FBAAFE7EFBE7" box="[321,428,1052,1077]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="458">Tephrosia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-feeding was recorded in an Australasian population (i.e.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5F41F2BB19E1317513FBABFB25FBE7" box="[1122,1271,1052,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Agromyzidae" genus="Japanagromyza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="458" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tephrosiae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BE663BB19E1317513FBABFB25FBE7" box="[1122,1271,1052,1077]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="458">J. tephrosiae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). As such,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5F41F2BB19E13174F9FBABFEDEFB8A" class="Insecta" family="Agromyzidae" genus="Japanagromyza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="458" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tephrosiae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92BE663BB19E13174F9FBABFEDEFB8A" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="458">J. tephrosiae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is no longer considered to occur in Africa, although additional host records and population sampling are required to support this concept, which is partially based on incomplete published descriptions.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |