278 lines
36 KiB
XML
278 lines
36 KiB
XML
<document id="134C28F80C388458BF3B7B42B0E8239F" ID-CLB-Dataset="22494" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4765.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="8af5a092-f062-48c7-8d7c-f96ae6282bfa" ID-ISSN="1175-5334" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3774174" ID-ZooBank="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:C442D94C-0EB4-4509-B762-913707214819" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1588094957734" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Hodgson, Chris" docDate="2020" docId="03B2EA640AB046F02CFCFCCBFD78D790" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4765.1.1.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4765 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Kermes Boitard 1828" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="163" masterDocId="FF8B921C0A2F46522C6BFF8EFFCBD747" masterDocTitle="A review of neococcid scale insects (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccomorpha) based on the morphology of the adult males" masterLastPageNumber="264" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="160" updateTime="1698837970293" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="4DFFE9B9E6AFE9B402093596E34665B3" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="F30FE7F12BED7254B352E49EDF5B2670">
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<mods:title id="4AFAC6086FA5F36459EE1D4A2D8A9926">A review of neococcid scale insects (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccomorpha) based on the morphology of the adult males</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="56DB34549D20CD8DB1F63993129D0D0F" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="65517DDF17D6D117CFE61A7F973D894D">
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<mods:roleTerm id="CD8565FC735C0416D9B0CFEDB0902543">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="C7484D9E8617BAEAA042780FDA0E2DA3">Hodgson, Chris</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="9852DF69DD5C9554793734CAA7C82C9B">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="9C242707A6E9F31CF8578F51EFF30E30">
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<mods:title id="DAE1F20B44C0B9FBFAD054D42676F1A1">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="2E7311B22CA51FB005EB64F3276CC780">
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<mods:date id="3174013B5A8EC5B380032BF28CE1A243">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="5B1FD77826D809A377E6282703058575" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="5C6A4D290002128300FCDB0862E7B751">2020-04-16</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="80162BAFF023E6A28A7B3AB685064A8C" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="591515695A0CB8DD987C186CCC2A1723">4765</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="5BCDB13E2D340E186B504C813062AF22" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="382A2337CAE8D60CAE6C1CF8012FBAB3">1</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:start id="8AD67B0B9499449C6D8C0E719C45B0FE">1</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="B684D1A4043C2A340560FC1C92D5A65E">264</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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<mods:classification id="8328E0F150D66F1C4DBF25001F12FF10">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="62E036BC3028F8FF2322D8764EB79BBD" type="CLB-Dataset">22494</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="44D368AE83709E4CFFE554A645DECDA6" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4765.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="B171E027B9CB8B21532C864F595ABDA4" type="GBIF-Dataset">8af5a092-f062-48c7-8d7c-f96ae6282bfa</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="233F8A9DCC2A63A0484983B9FD909583" type="ISSN">1175-5334</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="3D5862B5EA80F3085747A5DE320A8F2B" type="Zenodo-Dep">3774174</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="C9EF76567D02013C94AA9766115F3B5E" type="ZooBank">urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:C442D94C-0EB4-4509-B762-913707214819</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="03B2EA640AB046F02CFCFCCBFD78D790" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3796837" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163857773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3796837" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B2EA640AB046F02CFCFCCBFD78D790" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B2EA640AB046F02CFCFCCBFD78D790" lastPageId="162" lastPageNumber="163" pageId="159" pageNumber="160">
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<subSubSection id="C30108F90AB046CD2CFCFCCBFE47D418" box="[151,396,837,863]" pageId="159" pageNumber="160" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BA45B720AB046CD2CFCFCCBFE47D418" blockId="159.[151,396,837,863]" box="[151,396,837,863]" pageId="159" pageNumber="160">
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<heading id="D0ECEC1E0AB046CD2CFCFCCBFE47D418" bold="true" box="[151,396,837,863]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="159" pageNumber="160" reason="2">
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<emphasis id="B96F87600AB046CD2CFCFCCBFE47D418" bold="true" box="[151,396,837,863]" pageId="159" pageNumber="160">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10AB046CD2CFCFCCBFF39D418" ID-CoL="637WL" ID-ENA="535997" authorityName="Boitard" authorityYear="1828" box="[151,242,837,863]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="159" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B96F87600AB046CD2CFCFCCBFF39D418" bold="true" box="[151,242,837,863]" italics="true" pageId="159" pageNumber="160">Kermes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. (
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<figureCitation id="132047F70AB046CD2D45FCCBFE4FD418" box="[302,388,837,863]" captionStart="FIGURE 64" captionStartId="161.[151,250,1938,1963]" captionTargetBox="[153,1427,237,1914]" captionTargetId="figure@161.[151,1436,237,1914]" captionTargetPageId="161" captionText="FIGURE 64. Kermes sp. California, USA. Macropterous male. (Kermesidae). Where A=cranial apophysis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3774304" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3774304/files/figure.png" pageId="159" pageNumber="160">Fig. 64</figureCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C30108F90AB046CD2CFCFC02FC6ED48B" pageId="159" pageNumber="160" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BA45B720AB046CD2CFCFC02FC6ED48B" blockId="159.[151,1437,908,2016]" pageId="159" pageNumber="160">
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<emphasis id="B96F87600AB046CD2CFCFC02FE74D4E0" bold="true" box="[151,447,908,935]" pageId="159" pageNumber="160">
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Material examined.
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<collectingCountry id="F30C1BE20AB046CD2DECFC02FE74D4E0" box="[391,447,908,935]" name="United States of America" pageId="159" pageNumber="160">USA</collectingCountry>
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</emphasis>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="49DF95900AB046CD2DA6FC03FD8AD4E0" box="[461,577,909,935]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="159" pageNumber="160">California</collectingRegion>
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, Catalina, Mid-Valley Res., on
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<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10AB046CD2FCBFC03FB2BD4E0" box="[928,1248,909,935]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="159" pageNumber="160" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dumosa">
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<emphasis id="B96F87600AB046CD2FCBFC03FB90D4E0" box="[928,1115,909,935]" italics="true" pageId="159" pageNumber="160">Quercus dumosa</emphasis>
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(Fagaceae)
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<date id="FFA57DB20AB046CD2880FC03FAADD4E0" box="[1259,1382,909,935]" pageId="159" pageNumber="160" value="1981-06-30">30.vi.1981</date>
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, R.J. Gill (
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<collectionCode id="ED0AC3B70AB046CD2CBAFC3FFEEDD48C" box="[209,294,945,971]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="159" pageNumber="160" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
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, B/81): 1/ young ad
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<specimenCount id="9D1D90FB0AB046CD2E67FC3FFDEAD48C" box="[524,545,945,971]" pageId="159" pageNumber="160" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
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+ 2ad
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<specimenCount id="9D1D90FB0AB046CD2E05FC3FFD5CD48C" box="[622,663,945,971]" pageId="159" pageNumber="160" type="male">♂♂</specimenCount>
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(in excellent condition).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C30108F90AB046F32CACFC5BFAEED790" lastPageId="161" lastPageNumber="162" pageId="159" pageNumber="160" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BA45B720AB046CD2CACFC5BFAF5D370" blockId="159.[151,1437,908,2016]" pageId="159" pageNumber="160">
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<emphasis id="B96F87600AB046CD2CACFC5BFE68D4A8" bold="true" box="[199,419,980,1007]" pageId="159" pageNumber="160">Mounted material</emphasis>
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: of moderate size, total body length
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<quantity id="4CE3F6970AB046CD2F24FC5AFC22D4A8" box="[847,1001,980,1007]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4249999999999998" metricValueMax="1.45" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="159" pageNumber="160" unit="mm" value="1.4249999999999998" valueMax="1.45" valueMin="1.4">1.4–1.45 mm</quantity>
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; antennae slightly less than half body length; body with few setae, fleshy setae (fs) few and hard to separate from hs; length of fs on antennae nearly twice as long as width of antennal segments. Wings about 0.8x total body length and about 0.3x as wide as long.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA45B720AB046CD2CACFBCFFEDAD130" blockId="159.[151,1437,908,2016]" pageId="159" pageNumber="160">
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<emphasis id="B96F87600AB046CD2CACFBCFFECCD31C" bold="true" box="[199,263,1089,1115]" pageId="159" pageNumber="160">Head</emphasis>
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: appearing approximately triangular in dorsal view; width across genae
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<quantity id="4CE3F6970AB046CD2859FBCEFB0FD31C" box="[1074,1220,1088,1115]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.325" metricValueMax="2.35" metricValueMin="2.3" pageId="159" pageNumber="160" unit="mm" value="232.5" valueMax="235.0" valueMin="230.0">230–235 µm</quantity>
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. Median crest (mc) poorly demarcated and only faintly reticulated; with (on each side) perhaps 2 fs + 6–9 hs dorsal head setae (dhs); pores absent. Postoccipital ridge (por) distinct and sclerotised, bifurcated laterally, posterior ridges slightly longer than anterior ridges. Mid-cranial ridge: dorsal ridge (dmcr) short but distinct; ventral ridge (vmcr) also distinct and short, extending only about half-way to preocular ridge; lateral arms (lmcr) well developed; area ventral/posterior to vmcr reticulated and triangular in shape, broadest posteriorly, with about 5 or 6 fs + 5 or 6 hs ventral mid-cranial ridge setae (vmcrs) on each side. Genae (g) not reticulated and without genal setae (gs). Eyes: with 5 pairs of round simple eyes: a large dorsal pair (dse) placed rather laterally, each
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<quantity id="4CE3F6970AB046CD2F06FAB3FC2BD210" box="[877,992,1341,1367]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="4.2" metricValueMin="3.8" pageId="159" pageNumber="160" unit="mm" value="40.0" valueMax="42.0" valueMin="38.0">38–42 µm</quantity>
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wide; 3 pairs of small lateral eyes, each
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<quantity id="4CE3F6970AB046CD2CFCFAEEFEC0D23C" box="[151,267,1376,1403]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="2.1" pageId="159" pageNumber="160" unit="mm" value="23.0" valueMax="25.0" valueMin="21.0">21–25 µm</quantity>
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wide, in a line extending ventrally to larger ventral eyes (vse), each
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<quantity id="4CE3F6970AB046CD287BFAEFFB48D23C" box="[1040,1155,1377,1403]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2" metricValueMax="4.4" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="159" pageNumber="160" unit="mm" value="42.0" valueMax="44.0" valueMin="40.0">40–44 µm</quantity>
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wide. Ocelli (o) obvious and perhaps on a small protuberance; just about touching postocular ridge (pocr) posteriorly. Ocular sclerite (ocs) sclerotised and polygonally reticulated, each reticulation quite large, without inner ridges. Preocular ridge (procr) very short dorsally, but extending ventrally to just mesad of each ventral eye. Postocular ridge (pocr) strongly developed, extending dorsally past posterior margin of each dorsal eye but not nearly reaching postoccipital ridge (por) medially. Dorsal ocular setae (docs) absent. Ventral head setae (vhs): none anterior to ventral eyes but with 3 setae between ventral eyes. Preoral ridge (pror) quite well developed. Cranial apophysis (ca) quite short and bifid; length
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<quantity id="4CE3F6970AB046CD2CFCF9D3FEC6D130" box="[151,269,1629,1655]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="3.2" metricValueMin="2.8" pageId="159" pageNumber="160" unit="mm" value="30.0" valueMax="32.0" valueMin="28.0">28–32 µm</quantity>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA45B720AB046CD2CACF90EFCE3D0D0" blockId="159.[151,1437,908,2016]" pageId="159" pageNumber="160">
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<emphasis id="B96F87600AB046CD2CACF90EFEF1D1DC" bold="true" box="[199,314,1664,1691]" pageId="159" pageNumber="160">Antennae</emphasis>
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: 10-segmented and filiform;
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<quantity id="4CE3F6970AB046CD2EEDF90FFCDED1DC" box="[646,789,1665,1691]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.35" metricValueMax="7.8" metricValueMin="6.9" pageId="159" pageNumber="160" unit="mm" value="735.0" valueMax="780.0" valueMin="690.0">690–780 µm</quantity>
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long (ratio of total body length to antennal length 1:0.5). Scape (scp):
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<quantity id="4CE3F6970AB046CD2D4CF92AFEBBD1F8" box="[295,368,1700,1727]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.3" pageId="159" pageNumber="160" unit="mm" value="53.0">53 µm</quantity>
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long, 50 μm wide, with 3 hs. Pedicel (pdc): length
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<quantity id="4CE3F6970AB046CD2FC0F92AFBEBD1F8" box="[939,1056,1700,1727]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.95" metricValueMax="6.2" metricValueMin="5.7" pageId="159" pageNumber="160" unit="mm" value="59.5" valueMax="62.0" valueMin="57.0">57–62 µm</quantity>
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, width 37 μm; with a few concen- tric ridges; with 8 fs + 7 hs. Segments III–X all
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<quantity id="4CE3F6970AB046CD2EDCF947FCE1D1A4" box="[695,810,1737,1763]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="2.7" metricValueMin="2.3" pageId="159" pageNumber="160" unit="mm" value="25.0" valueMax="27.0" valueMin="23.0">23–27 µm</quantity>
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||
wide: fs
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<quantity id="4CE3F6970AB046CD2FFFF946FBC3D1A4" box="[916,1032,1736,1763]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="159" pageNumber="160" unit="mm" value="45.0" valueMax="50.0" valueMin="40.0">40–50 µm</quantity>
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long; lengths of segments (µm): III 140–145; IV 99–104; V 95–104; VI 95–108; VII 66–70; VIII 58–62 and IX 60–63; approximate number of setae per segment (note: fs and hs hard to differentiate): III 26 fs + 4 hs (sensilla basiconica not detected); IV 17 fs + 1 hs; V 15 fs + 2 hs; VI 27 fs + 0–1 hs; VII 20–25 fs + 0–1 hs; VIII 15–24 fs, 0–1 hs + 1 bristle; IX 18 fs + 1 bristles. Segment X elongate oval, length
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<quantity id="4CE3F6970AB046CD2E65F8D6FD4ED034" box="[526,645,1880,1907]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.75" metricValueMax="6.2" metricValueMin="5.3" pageId="159" pageNumber="160" unit="mm" value="57.5" valueMax="62.0" valueMin="53.0">53–62 µm</quantity>
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; not constricted apically; with 4 or 5 capitate setae (caps), 9 fs, 9 hs, 3 large + 2 small bristle + 1 sensilla basiconica (sb) on apex.
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BA45B720AB046F22CACF82FFB66D7BC" blockId="159.[151,1437,908,2016]" lastBlockId="160.[151,1437,153,2015]" lastPageId="160" lastPageNumber="161" pageId="159" pageNumber="160">
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<emphasis id="B96F87600AB046CD2CACF82FFEEBD0FC" bold="true" box="[199,288,1953,1979]" pageId="159" pageNumber="160">Thorax</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis id="B96F87600AB046CD2D44F82FFE62D0FC" bold="true" box="[303,425,1953,1979]" pageId="159" pageNumber="160">Prothorax</emphasis>
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: pronotal ridge (prnr) well-developed but probably not fused dorsally; with a well-developed, striated, lateral pronotal sclerite (prn); without lateral pronotal (lpns) setae. Medial pronotal setae absent. Post- tergites small, without setae. Sternum (stn
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<subScript id="179F59370A8F46F22E1DFF24FDB5D7FF" attach="left" box="[630,638,170,184]" fontSize="6" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">1</subScript>
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) sclerotised, with radial striations; median ridge rather thin or absent, but with a distinctly sclerotised triangular area; with a quite strong transverse ridge; with 1–5 fs + 1–4 hs prosternal setae (stn
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<subScript id="179F59370A8F46F22D6BFF7CFEC3D647" attach="both" box="[256,264,242,256]" fontSize="6" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">1</subScript>
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s) on each side. Anteprosternal (astn
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<subScript id="179F59370A8F46F22EF5FF7CFD6DD647" attach="both" box="[670,678,242,256]" fontSize="6" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">1</subScript>
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s) and antemesospiracular setae (am
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<subScript id="179F59370A8F46F22850FF7CFB88D647" attach="both" box="[1083,1091,242,256]" fontSize="6" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">2</subScript>
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s) absent.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA45B720A8F46F22CACFE8BFD27D47C" blockId="160.[151,1437,153,2015]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">
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<emphasis id="B96F87600A8F46F22CACFE8BFE9DD658" bold="true" box="[199,342,261,287]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">Mesothorax</emphasis>
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: prescutum (prsc) wider than long,
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<quantity id="4CE3F6970A8F46F22E86FE8BFCAAD658" box="[749,865,261,287]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.05" metricValueMax="8.3" metricValueMin="7.8" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" unit="mm" value="80.5" valueMax="83.0" valueMin="78.0">78–83 µm</quantity>
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long;
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<quantity id="4CE3F6970A8F46F22FC1FE8AFBC9D658" box="[938,1026,260,287]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5699999999999998" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" unit="mm" value="157.0">157 µm</quantity>
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wide; sclerotised and with some reticulation; prescutal ridges (pscr) and prescutal suture (pscs) well developed. Scutum (sct): median membranous area quite large and quadrate,
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<quantity id="4CE3F6970A8F46F22D8EFEC3FDE5D620" box="[485,558,333,359]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.4" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" unit="mm" value="74.0">74 µm</quantity>
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long,
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<quantity id="4CE3F6970A8F46F22E1FFEC2FCC9D620" box="[628,770,332,359]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.59" metricValueMax="1.6" metricValueMin="1.58" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" unit="mm" value="159.0" valueMax="160.0" valueMin="158.0">158–160 µm</quantity>
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wide, with sclerotised ridges along lateral margins; without setae but with 1 pair of scutal setae (scts) laterally; lateral margins of scutum sclerotised and lightly reticulated anteriorly; prealare ridge (prar) quite well developed. Scutellum (scl)
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3F6970A8F46F22FE0FE1AFBD1D6E8" box="[907,1050,404,431]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6149999999999998" metricValueMax="1.6600000000000001" metricValueMin="1.5699999999999998" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" unit="mm" value="161.5" valueMax="166.0" valueMin="157.0">157–166 µm</quantity>
|
||
wide and
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3F6970A8F46F228E5FE1BFACAD6E8" box="[1166,1281,405,431]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.7" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="7.4" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" unit="mm" value="77.0" valueMax="80.0" valueMin="74.0">74–80 µm</quantity>
|
||
long; with an inverted U-shaped scutellar ridge (sclr); probably not tubular but with a large foramen; with 1 pair of scutellar setae (scls) + 0 or 1 pair small pores. Basisternum (stn
|
||
<subScript id="179F59370A8F46F22EDAFE60FD72D6BB" attach="left" box="[689,697,494,508]" fontSize="6" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">2</subScript>
|
||
)
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3F6970A8F46F22EA2FE53FC93D6B0" box="[713,856,477,503]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.335" metricValueMax="2.36" metricValueMin="2.31" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" unit="mm" value="233.5" valueMax="236.0" valueMin="231.0">231–236 µm</quantity>
|
||
wide,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3F6970A8F46F22FC9FE52FBFBD6B0" box="[930,1072,476,503]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.595" metricValueMax="1.66" metricValueMin="1.53" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" unit="mm" value="159.5" valueMax="166.0" valueMin="153.0">153–166 µm</quantity>
|
||
long; without any signs of a median ridge (mdr), but bounded anteriorly by a strong marginal ridge (mr) and posteriorly by strong precoxal ridges (pcr
|
||
<subScript id="179F59370A8F46F22CAFFDB8FF07D503" attach="left" box="[196,204,566,580]" fontSize="6" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">2</subScript>
|
||
); basisternal setae (stn
|
||
<subScript id="179F59370A8F46F22DA5FDB8FE1DD503" attach="both" box="[462,470,566,580]" fontSize="6" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">2</subScript>
|
||
s) absent; lateropleurite (lpl) quite broad, with a strong extension from marginal ridge along anterior margin; furca (f) well developed, narrow-waisted, arms very divergent and extending just anterior to point where marginal and precoxal ridges meet. Mesopostnotum (pn
|
||
<subScript id="179F59370A8F46F22FC9FDF0FC61D5CB" attach="left" box="[930,938,638,652]" fontSize="6" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">2</subScript>
|
||
) well developed; postnotal apophysis (pna) well developed and orifice more or less round. Area bounded anteriorly by scutellum and laterally and posteriorly by mesopostnotum membranous. Mesepisternum (eps
|
||
<subScript id="179F59370A8F46F22E9DFD48FD35D593" attach="left" box="[758,766,710,724]" fontSize="6" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">2</subScript>
|
||
) not reticulated; subepisternal ridge (ser) long and well developed. Postalare (pa) with radial ridges dorsally near posterior notal wing process; without postalare setae (pas). Mesothoracic spiracle (sp
|
||
<subScript id="179F59370A8F46F22DD7FC80FE0FD45B" attach="left" box="[444,452,782,796]" fontSize="6" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">2</subScript>
|
||
): width of peritreme
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3F6970A8F46F22ED6FD73FCFDD450" box="[701,822,765,791]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.6" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" unit="mm" value="28.0" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="26.0">26–30 µm</quantity>
|
||
. Postmesospiracular setae (pm
|
||
<subScript id="179F59370A8F46F228FEFC80FB56D45B" attach="right" box="[1173,1181,782,796]" fontSize="6" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">2</subScript>
|
||
s) absent. Tegula (teg) present, with 1–3 hs tegular setae (tegs) on each side.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA45B720A8F46F22CACFCCBFDD7D31C" blockId="160.[151,1437,153,2015]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96F87600A8F46F22CACFCCBFE9ED418" bold="true" box="[199,341,837,863]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">Metathorax</emphasis>
|
||
: with a single pair of metatergal setae (mts). Dorsospiracular setae (dss) absent. Metapostnotal sclerite distinct and sclerotised. Dorsal part of metapleural ridge (plr
|
||
<subScript id="179F59370A8F46F22FF2FCF4FC6AD4CF" attach="left" box="[921,929,890,904]" fontSize="6" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">3</subScript>
|
||
) well developed, with a distinct suspensorial sclerite (ss). Ventral part of metapleural ridge well developed; precoxal ridge (pcr
|
||
<subScript id="179F59370A8F46F22853FC10FB8BD4EB" attach="left" box="[1080,1088,926,940]" fontSize="6" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">3</subScript>
|
||
) broad and sclerotised but not apparently fused with metapleural ridge; metepisternum (eps
|
||
<subScript id="179F59370A8F46F22F54FC4CFC8CD497" attach="left" box="[831,839,962,976]" fontSize="6" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">3</subScript>
|
||
) membranous, with perhaps 0–4 hs postmetaspiracular setae (eps
|
||
<subScript id="179F59370A8F46F22D42FC68FEFAD4B3" attach="both" box="[297,305,998,1012]" fontSize="6" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">3</subScript>
|
||
s) on each side near precoxal ridge. Metepimeron (epm
|
||
<subScript id="179F59370A8F46F22FF0FC68FC68D4B3" attach="left" box="[923,931,998,1012]" fontSize="6" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">3</subScript>
|
||
) sclerotised, but without setae. Antemetaspiracular setae (am
|
||
<subScript id="179F59370A8F46F22D32FB84FEAAD35F" attach="both" box="[345,353,1034,1048]" fontSize="6" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">3</subScript>
|
||
s) absent. Metathoracic spiracle (sp
|
||
<subScript id="179F59370A8F46F22E99FB84FD31D35F" attach="left" box="[754,762,1034,1048]" fontSize="6" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">3</subScript>
|
||
): width of peritreme
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3F6970A8F46F22F9BFC77FBACD354" box="[1008,1127,1017,1043]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.8" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" unit="mm" value="29.0" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="28.0">28–30 µm</quantity>
|
||
. Metasternum (stn
|
||
<subScript id="179F59370A8F46F22952FB84FA8AD35F" attach="left" box="[1337,1345,1034,1048]" fontSize="6" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">3</subScript>
|
||
) lightly sclerotised, with distinct metasternal apophyses (st
|
||
<subScript id="179F59370A8F46F22EBCFBA0FD14D37B" attach="both" box="[727,735,1070,1084]" fontSize="6" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">3</subScript>
|
||
a); with 2–16 hs anterior metasternal setae (amss) and 2–5 hs posterior metasternal setae (pmss).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA45B720A8F46F22CACFBEAFC11D380" blockId="160.[151,1437,153,2015]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96F87600A8F46F22CACFBEAFED8D338" bold="true" box="[199,275,1124,1151]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">Wings</emphasis>
|
||
: hyaline, rather narrow,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3F6970A8F46F22E41FBEAFD44D338" box="[554,655,1124,1151]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.175" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" unit="mm" value="1175.0">1175 µm</quantity>
|
||
long and
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3F6970A8F46F22F69FBEAFC91D338" box="[770,858,1124,1151]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.75" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" unit="mm" value="375.0">375 µm</quantity>
|
||
wide (ratio of length to width 1:0.32; ratio of total body length to wing length 1:0.82); alar lobe (al) distinct; with 1 alar seta (als) on each side. Hamulohalteres
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3F6970A8F46F22923FB07FF76D380" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.9" metricValueMax="10.2" metricValueMin="9.6" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" unit="mm" value="99.0" valueMax="102.0" valueMin="96.0">96–102 µm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3F6970A8F46F22D6FFB23FEBCD380" box="[260,375,1197,1223]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1" metricValueMax="3.4" metricValueMin="2.8" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" unit="mm" value="31.0" valueMax="34.0" valueMin="28.0">28–34 µm</quantity>
|
||
wide; each with a single hooked seta,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3F6970A8F46F22F4DFB23FC52D380" box="[806,921,1197,1223]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.2" metricValueMax="6.3" metricValueMin="6.1" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" unit="mm" value="62.0" valueMax="63.0" valueMin="61.0">61–63 µm</quantity>
|
||
long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA45B720A8F46F22CACFB5FFD59D14C" blockId="160.[151,1437,153,2015]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96F87600A8F46F22CACFB5FFF34D3AC" bold="true" box="[199,255,1233,1259]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
: subequal in length. Coxae (cx): I 86–96; II 88–96; III
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3F6970A8F46F22F34FB5FFC1AD3AC" box="[863,977,1233,1259]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="9.2" metricValueMin="8.8" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" unit="mm" value="90.0" valueMax="92.0" valueMin="88.0">88–92 µm</quantity>
|
||
long; coxa III with about 6 or 7 fs + 6–10 hs; long apical setae on each coxa
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3F6970A8F46F22E7CFB7AFD42D248" box="[535,649,1268,1295]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.8" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.6" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" unit="mm" value="48.0" valueMax="50.0" valueMin="46.0">46–50 µm</quantity>
|
||
long. Trochanter (tr) + femur (fm): I 240; II 202–240; III
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3F6970A8F46F22965FB7BFA57D248" box="[1294,1436,1269,1295]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.21" metricValueMax="2.4" metricValueMin="2.02" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" unit="mm" value="221.0" valueMax="240.0" valueMin="202.0">202–240 µm</quantity>
|
||
long; trochanter III with 2 or 3 fs + 4 or 5 hs; long trochanter seta
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3F6970A8F46F22FE7FA96FBCFD274" box="[908,1028,1304,1331]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" unit="mm" value="60.0" valueMax="70.0" valueMin="50.0">50–70 µm</quantity>
|
||
; femur III with 6–16 fs + 23–24 hs. Tibia (ti): I 260–282; II 235–266; III
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3F6970A8F46F22E57FAB2FD05D210" box="[572,718,1340,1367]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.565" metricValueMax="2.78" metricValueMin="2.35" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" unit="mm" value="256.5" valueMax="278.0" valueMin="235.0">235–278 µm</quantity>
|
||
; tibia III with a total of 50–65 setae, mainly hs, becoming spurlike on distal third of leg; with 2 apical spurs (tibs), length
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3F6970A8F46F22F53FAEFFC64D23C" box="[824,943,1377,1403]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" unit="mm" value="17.0" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="14.0">14–20 µm</quantity>
|
||
. Tarsi (ta): I 97–116; II 91–104; III
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3F6970A8F46F22923FAEFFF76D2D8" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.95" metricValueMax="10.8" metricValueMin="9.1" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" unit="mm" value="99.5" valueMax="108.0" valueMin="91.0">91–108 µm</quantity>
|
||
long (ratio of length of tibia III to tarsus III 1:0.38); tarsus III with 20–24 setae, mainly spur-like; tarsal spurs not differentiated; tarsal campaniform pore present; tarsal digitules (tdt) slightly shorter than claw. Claws (c) robust, distinctly longer than width of tarsi (
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3F6970A8F46F22E43FA43FD55D2A0" box="[552,670,1485,1511]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.8" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" unit="mm" value="19.0" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="18.0">18–20 µm</quantity>
|
||
), slightly curved, with a distinct small denticle; length: III
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3F6970A8F46F22948FA43FA53D2A0" box="[1315,1432,1485,1511]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="2.6" metricValueMin="2.4" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" unit="mm" value="25.0" valueMax="26.0" valueMin="24.0">24–26 µm</quantity>
|
||
; claw digitules (cdt) slightly longer than claw.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA45B720A8F46F22CACF99AFEABD1F8" blockId="160.[151,1437,153,2015]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96F87600A8F46F22CACF99AFEF7D168" bold="true" box="[199,316,1556,1583]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
: segments I–VII: tergites (at) and sternites (as) all slightly to distinctly sclerotised. Caudal extensions (ce) of segment VII absent. Dorsal setae (ads) (totals): segments I & II each with 2–4 hs; III–VII each with 1–2 hs. Pleural setae: dorsopleural setae (dps): I–VII each with 4–6 moderately long hs on each side; ventropleural setae (vps): II 0 or 1 hs and III–VII each with 1–3 hs on each side. Ventral setae (avs) (totals): II 4–8 hs; III–VI each with 6–12 hs; VII 4 hs.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA45B720A8F46F22CACF947FE65D008" blockId="160.[151,1437,153,2015]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">
|
||
Segment VIII: tergite (at) and sternite (as) both sclerotised; tergite with 2 long + 1 short hs dorsal abdominal setae (ads); sternite with about 2 hs ventral abdominal setae (avs); caudal extension (ce) rounded but with 2 long setae, each
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3F6970A8F46F22D73F89EFE47D06C" box="[280,396,1808,1835]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.25" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="7.5" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" unit="mm" value="82.5" valueMax="90.0" valueMin="75.0">75–90 µm</quantity>
|
||
long + 2 short hs pleural setae. Glandular pouches (gp) present, deep; glandular pouch setae each about
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3F6970A8F46F22D7CF8BBFEA5D008" box="[279,366,1845,1871]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.33" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" unit="mm" value="133.0">133 µm</quantity>
|
||
long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA45B720A8F46F32CACF8D6FAEED790" blockId="160.[151,1437,153,2015]" lastBlockId="161.[151,1436,153,216]" lastPageId="161" lastPageNumber="162" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96F87600A8F46F22CACF8D6FE5DD034" bold="true" box="[199,406,1880,1907]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">Genital segments</emphasis>
|
||
: segment IX sclerotised, broad (
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3F6970A8F46F22F64F8D7FC4DD034" box="[783,902,1881,1907]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.75" metricValueMax="8.9" metricValueMin="8.6" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" unit="mm" value="87.5" valueMax="89.0" valueMin="86.0">86–89 µm</quantity>
|
||
wide,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3F6970A8F46F22FBDF8D6FBEAD034" box="[982,1057,1880,1907]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" unit="mm" value="75.0">75 µm</quantity>
|
||
long); anal opening probably on anterior border on dorsal surface; with 2 or 3 longish setae on postero-dorsal surface and 5–9 setae ventrally. Style quite broad anteriorly (
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3F6970A8F46F22DFEF82FFDC2D0FC" box="[405,521,1953,1979]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.1" metricValueMax="6.2" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" unit="mm" value="61.0" valueMax="62.0" valueMin="60.0">60–62 µm</quantity>
|
||
wide), tapering to a point; sclerotised; length from base of segment IX
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3F6970A8F46F22977F82FFA57D0FC" box="[1308,1436,1953,1979]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.02" metricValueMax="1.08" metricValueMin="0.96" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" unit="mm" value="102.0" valueMax="108.0" valueMin="96.0">96–108 µm</quantity>
|
||
long; total length of style plus segment IX
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3F6970A8F46F22E1BF84AFD35D098" box="[624,766,1988,2015]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7899999999999998" metricValueMax="1.85" metricValueMin="1.73" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" unit="mm" value="179.0" valueMax="185.0" valueMin="173.0">173–185 µm</quantity>
|
||
(ratio of total body length to length of penial sheath 1:0.12). Aedeagus elongate, narrowing to a sclerotised point, length
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3F6970A8E46F32F2BFF17FC7CD7F4" box="[832,951,153,179]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.7" metricValueMax="9.1" metricValueMin="8.3" pageId="161" pageNumber="162" unit="mm" value="87.0" valueMax="91.0" valueMin="83.0">83–91 µm</quantity>
|
||
; with a darker structure within broad base, possibly a basal rod (bra), length
|
||
<quantity id="4CE3F6970A8E46F32E66FF33FD48D790" box="[525,643,189,215]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="4.2" metricValueMin="3.8" pageId="161" pageNumber="162" unit="mm" value="40.0" valueMax="42.0" valueMin="38.0">38–42 µm</quantity>
|
||
. Style without setae but with a few small sensilla near apex.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF640BFA0A8E46F32CFCF81CFB0AD0EC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3774304" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3774304" box="[151,1217,1938,1963]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3774304/files/figure.png" pageId="161" pageNumber="162" startId="161.[151,250,1938,1963]" targetBox="[153,1427,237,1914]" targetPageId="161">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA45B720A8E46F32CFCF81CFB0AD0EC" blockId="161.[151,1217,1938,1963]" box="[151,1217,1938,1963]" pageId="161" pageNumber="162">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96F87600A8E46F32CFCF81CFEEBD0EC" bold="true" box="[151,288,1938,1963]" pageId="161" pageNumber="162">FIGURE 64.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10A8E46F32D4DF81AFEB8D0EC" authorityName="Boitard" authorityYear="1828" box="[294,371,1940,1963]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" genus="Kermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="161" pageNumber="162" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96F87600A8E46F32D4DF81AFEB8D0EC" box="[294,371,1940,1963]" italics="true" pageId="161" pageNumber="162">Kermes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. California, USA. Macropterous male. (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10A8E46F32F77F81CFC53D0EC" authorityName="Signoret" authorityYear="1875" box="[796,920,1938,1963]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="161" pageNumber="162" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Kermesidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Where A=cranial apophysis.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30108F90A8D46F02CACFF16FD78D790" pageId="162" pageNumber="163" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA45B720A8D46F02CACFF16FD78D790" blockId="162.[151,1437,152,215]" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96F87600A8D46F02CACFF16FE8FD7F4" bold="true" box="[199,324,152,179]" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">Comment.</emphasis>
|
||
Rather few male
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1B20F10A8D46F02E65FF17FD5FD7F4" authorityName="Signoret" authorityYear="1875" box="[526,660,153,179]" class="Insecta" family="Kermesidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="162" pageNumber="163" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Kermesidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
are known with only 1-segmented tarsi. The presence of an alar seta on each wing is so far unique within this family.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |