192 lines
22 KiB
XML
192 lines
22 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="8A765AA6C1967CB91DBDB72709351AB3">Systematics of the genus Tylolaimophorus de Man, 1880 (Nematoda Diphtherophoridae), with description of T. minor (Thorne, 1939) Goodey, 1963 from Iran</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="0C2CE9EB257C086C9466CBFB66CB0EE7">Ghaderi, Reza</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="6879607896212829E967C615719F757D">Asghari, Ramezan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B08B43EB1F43CF59BE4DD68C0BAF9AE1">Eskandari, Ali</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="FB37AACA2641FC6E110B82517D8518BB">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="00105301E5A48A1A97694E7E33870BCF">2020</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03AB87FD586FF33FFF3191D5FDAFF909" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3812517" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163392015" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3812517" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AB87FD586FF33FFF3191D5FDAFF909" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AB87FD586FF33FFF3191D5FDAFF909" lastPageNumber="326" pageId="4" pageNumber="326">
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<subSubSection id="C3186560586FF33FFF3191D5FC8BFE3D" box="[151,886,405,432]" pageId="4" pageNumber="326" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BBD36EB586FF33FFF3191D5FC8BFE3D" blockId="4.[151,886,405,432]" box="[151,886,405,432]" pageId="4" pageNumber="326">
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<heading id="D0F58187586FF33FFF3191D5FC8BFE3D" bold="true" box="[151,886,405,432]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="326" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="4C024D68586FF33FFF3191D5FC8BFE3D" authority="(Andrassy, 1958) Goodey, 1963" authorityName="Goodey" authorityYear="1963" baseAuthorityName="Andrassy" baseAuthorityYear="1958" box="[151,886,405,432]" class="Secernentea" family="Diplogasteridae" genus="Tylolaimophorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplogasterida" pageId="4" pageNumber="326" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="bulgaricus">
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<emphasis id="B976EAF9586FF33FFF3191D5FC8BFE3D" bold="true" box="[151,886,405,432]" pageId="4" pageNumber="326">
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<emphasis id="B976EAF9586FF33FFF3191D5FE10FE22" bold="true" box="[151,493,405,432]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="326">Tylolaimophorus bulgaricus</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EF934B1A586FF33FFE5A91D5FD43FE3D" author="Andrassy, I." box="[508,702,405,432]" pageId="4" pageNumber="326" pagination="1 - 88" refId="ref13223" refString="Andrassy, I. (1958) Erd- und Susswassernematoden aus Bulgarian [Soil and freshwater nematodes from Bulgarian]. Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientarum Hungaricae, 4, 1 - 88. [in German]" type="journal article" year="1958">Andrássy, 1958</bibRefCitation>
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)
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<bibRefCitation id="EF934B1A586FF33FFD6891D5FC8BFE3D" author="Goodey, T." box="[718,886,405,431]" pageId="4" pageNumber="326" refId="ref14008" refString="Goodey, T. (1963) Soil and freshwater nematodes. 2 th Edition. Revised by J. B. Goodey. Methuen, London, 554 pp." type="book" year="1963">Goodey, 1963</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3186560586FF33FFF319265FE6EFDD2" box="[151,403,549,576]" pageId="4" pageNumber="326" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BBD36EB586FF33FFF319265FE6EFDD2" blockId="4.[151,1436,549,648]" box="[151,403,549,576]" pageId="4" pageNumber="326">
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After
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<bibRefCitation id="EF934B1A586FF33FFF7E9265FE6EFDD2" author="Andrassy, I." box="[216,403,549,576]" pageId="4" pageNumber="326" pagination="1 - 88" refId="ref13223" refString="Andrassy, I. (1958) Erd- und Susswassernematoden aus Bulgarian [Soil and freshwater nematodes from Bulgarian]. Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientarum Hungaricae, 4, 1 - 88. [in German]" type="journal article" year="1958">Andrássy (1958)</bibRefCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3186560586FF33FFF31919DFF1EFBA5" pageId="4" pageNumber="326" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BBD36EB586FF33FFF31919DFE7AFE6A" blockId="4.[151,391,477,504]" box="[151,391,477,504]" pageId="4" pageNumber="326">
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<emphasis id="B976EAF9586FF33FFF31919DFE7AFE6A" bold="true" box="[151,391,477,504]" pageId="4" pageNumber="326">MEASUREMENTS</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BBD36EB586FF33FFF619209FC3EFD1A" blockId="4.[151,1436,549,648]" pageId="4" pageNumber="326">
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<typeStatus id="54B98849586FF33FFF619209FED2FDF1" box="[199,303,585,611]" pageId="4" pageNumber="326" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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male: L =
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;
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<emphasis id="B976EAF9586FF33FFDB1920AFDD8FDF1" box="[535,549,586,611]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="326">a</emphasis>
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= 32;
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<emphasis id="B976EAF9586FF33FFDCD9209FD84FDF1" box="[619,633,585,611]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="326">b</emphasis>
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= 7.5; body width = (37) µm; spear = (15) µm; pharynx = (180) µm; tail = (45) µm;
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<emphasis id="B976EAF9586FF33FFEBE922EFED9FD15" box="[280,292,622,647]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="326">c</emphasis>
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= 30;
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<emphasis id="B976EAF9586FF33FFECB922EFE7EFD1A" box="[365,387,622,648]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="326">c’</emphasis>
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= (1.4); spicules =
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<quantity id="4CFA9B0E586FF33FFDFB922DFD54FD1A" box="[605,681,621,648]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9" pageId="4" pageNumber="326" unit="mm" value="39.0">39 µm</quantity>
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; gubernaculum =
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<quantity id="4CFA9B0E586FF33FFCD5922DFC42FD1A" box="[883,959,621,648]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="326" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 µm</quantity>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BBD36EB586FF33FFF3192F4FEA4FD5D" blockId="4.[151,1437,692,1079]" box="[151,345,692,719]" pageId="4" pageNumber="326">
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<emphasis id="B976EAF9586FF33FFF3192F4FEA4FD5D" bold="true" box="[151,345,692,719]" pageId="4" pageNumber="326">DESCRIPTION</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BBD36EB586FF33FFF319299FBE1FCA9" blockId="4.[151,1437,692,1079]" pageId="4" pageNumber="326">
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Female. This species was described based on a male and a juvenile; the female was not found. The juvenile is similar to male (see below) in general appearance and diagnostic characters, except that the intestine does not extend into the tail region. The juvenile has a body about
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||
<quantity id="4CFA9B0E586FF33FFD3E9361FD24FCAE" box="[664,729,801,828]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="326" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
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and a tail about
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||
<quantity id="4CFA9B0E586FF33FFC349361FC26FCAE" box="[914,987,801,828]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="326" unit="mm" value="40.0">40 µm</quantity>
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long.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BBD36EB586FF33FFF619305FF1EFBA5" blockId="4.[151,1437,692,1079]" pageId="4" pageNumber="326">Male. Cuticle with fine transverse annulation. Lip region widely rounded, continuous with the body contour. Spear as long as lip region diameter, with well-developed basal knobs. Pharynx with a narrow anterior part and a pyriform posterior part. Intestine frequently granulated; the posterior end extending into the tail region. Spicules curved, with small proximal processes. Gubernaculum about one-fourth of spicule length. Musculature around the spicules well developed. Five spaced precloacal supplements visible, located relatively far apart, and one other posterior to the cloaca. Tail short, bluntly rounded, equipped with caudal gland, the duct of which opens at its terminus.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3186560586FF33FFF319424FB8DFA0D" pageId="4" pageNumber="326" type="diagnosis">
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||
<paragraph id="8BBD36EB586FF33FFF319424FD9CFBED" blockId="4.[151,1437,1124,1440]" box="[151,609,1124,1151]" pageId="4" pageNumber="326">
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<emphasis id="B976EAF9586FF33FFF319424FD9CFBED" bold="true" box="[151,609,1124,1151]" pageId="4" pageNumber="326">DIAGNOSIS AND RELATIONSHIPS</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BBD36EB586FF33FFF3194C9FB8DFA0D" blockId="4.[151,1437,1124,1440]" pageId="4" pageNumber="326">
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<taxonomicName id="4C024D68586FF33FFF3194C9FE2EFB31" authority="(Andrassy, 1958) " authorityName="Andrassy" authorityYear="1958" box="[151,467,1161,1187]" class="Secernentea" family="Diplogasteridae" genus="Tylolaimophorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplogasterida" pageId="4" pageNumber="326" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="bulgaricus">
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<emphasis id="B976EAF9586FF33FFF3194C9FE2EFB31" box="[151,467,1161,1187]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="326">Tylolaimophorus bulgaricus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has been differentiated from
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<taxonomicName id="4C024D68586FF33FFCBC94CAFC4CFB31" authorityName="Goodey" authorityYear="1963" baseAuthorityName="Cobb" baseAuthorityYear="1920" box="[794,945,1161,1187]" class="Secernentea" family="Diplogasteridae" genus="Tylolaimophorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplogasterida" pageId="4" pageNumber="326" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="cylindricus">
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<emphasis id="B976EAF9586FF33FFCBC94CAFC4CFB31" box="[794,945,1161,1187]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="326">T. cylindricus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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on the basis of the number of ventromedian precloacal supplements (five
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<emphasis id="B976EAF9586FF33FFE7894EEFE08FB55" box="[478,501,1198,1223]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="326">vs</emphasis>
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one) and the presence of an internal terminal peg, which is not known in
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<taxonomicName id="4C024D68586FF33FFA8794EEFF41FB79" authorityName="Goodey" authorityYear="1963" baseAuthorityName="Cobb" baseAuthorityYear="1920" class="Secernentea" family="Diplogasteridae" genus="Tylolaimophorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplogasterida" pageId="4" pageNumber="326" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="cylindricus">
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<emphasis id="B976EAF9586FF33FFA8794EEFF41FB79" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="326">T. cylindricus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<bibRefCitation id="EF934B1A586FF33FFF6D9491FE8EFB79" author="Brzeski, M. W." box="[203,371,1233,1259]" pageId="4" pageNumber="326" pagination="313 - 327" refId="ref13570" refString="Brzeski, M. W. (1994) Synopsis of Tylolaimophorus de Man, 1880 (Nematoda: Diphtherophoridae). Nematologica, 40, 313 - 327. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 003525994 X 00229" type="journal article" year="1994">Brzeski (1994)</bibRefCitation>
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explained that the number of supplements is not considered as a specific character because of the limited visibility of these organs in some specimens. He also emphasized that different numbers of supplements may be observed in different individuals or populations of the same species, as has been reported in
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<taxonomicName id="4C024D68586FF33FFAAB955AFA85FAA1" authorityName="de Man" authorityYear="1880" box="[1293,1400,1306,1331]" class="Secernentea" family="Diplogasteridae" genus="Tylolaimophorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplogasterida" pageId="4" pageNumber="326" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="typicus">
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<emphasis id="B976EAF9586FF33FFAAB955AFA85FAA1" box="[1293,1400,1306,1331]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="326">T. typicus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C024D68586FF33FFA2E955AFF0DFAC5" authorityName="Sauer" authorityYear="1968" baseAuthorityName="Andrassy" baseAuthorityYear="1961" class="Secernentea" family="Diplogasteridae" genus="Tylolaimophorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplogasterida" pageId="4" pageNumber="326" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="pileatus">
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<emphasis id="B976EAF9586FF33FFA2E955AFF0DFAC5" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="326">T. pileatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C024D68586FF33FFE82957EFE44FAC5" authorityName="Sauer" authorityYear="1968" box="[292,441,1342,1367]" class="Secernentea" family="Diplogasteridae" genus="Tylolaimophorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplogasterida" pageId="4" pageNumber="326" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="constrictus">
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<emphasis id="B976EAF9586FF33FFE82957EFE44FAC5" box="[292,441,1342,1367]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="326">T. constrictus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Considering intraspecific variability in the number of supplements and presence of an internal terminal peg, he concluded that the identity of
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<taxonomicName id="4C024D68586FF33FFD419522FC87FAE9" authority="(Andrassy, 1958) " authorityName="Andrassy" authorityYear="1958" baseAuthorityYear="1958" box="[743,890,1377,1403]" class="Secernentea" family="Diplogasteridae" genus="Tylolaimophorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplogasterida" pageId="4" pageNumber="326" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="bulgaricus">
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<emphasis id="B976EAF9586FF33FFD419522FC87FAE9" box="[743,890,1377,1403]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="326">T. bulgaricus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C024D68586FF33FFC169522FBBAFAE9" authorityName="Goodey" authorityYear="1963" baseAuthorityName="Cobb" baseAuthorityYear="1920" box="[944,1095,1377,1403]" class="Secernentea" family="Diplogasteridae" genus="Tylolaimophorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplogasterida" pageId="4" pageNumber="326" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="cylindricus">
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<emphasis id="B976EAF9586FF33FFC169522FBBAFAE9" box="[944,1095,1377,1403]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="326">T. cylindricus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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cannot be excluded.
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<bibRefCitation id="EF934B1A586FF33FFA949521FF1FFA0D" author="Andrassy, I." pageId="4" pageNumber="326" refId="ref13353" refString="Andrassy, I. (2009) Freeliving nematodes of Hungary (Nematoda errantia). III. Pedozoologica Hungarica 5. Hungarian Natural History Museum and Systematic Research Group of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, 608 pp." type="book" year="2009">Andrássy (2009)</bibRefCitation>
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didn’t accept this synonymy and still considered
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<taxonomicName id="4C024D68586FF33FFCAB95C6FC5DFA0D" authorityName="Andrassy" authorityYear="1958" box="[781,928,1413,1439]" class="Secernentea" family="Diplogasteridae" genus="Tylolaimophorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplogasterida" pageId="4" pageNumber="326" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="bulgaricus">
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<emphasis id="B976EAF9586FF33FFCAB95C6FC5DFA0D" box="[781,928,1413,1439]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="326">T. bulgaricus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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as a valid species.
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||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3186560586FF33FFF31958CFDAFF909" pageId="4" pageNumber="326" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBD36EB586FF33FFF31958CFE9BFA75" blockId="4.[151,1437,1484,1692]" box="[151,358,1484,1511]" pageId="4" pageNumber="326">
|
||
<emphasis id="B976EAF9586FF33FFF31958CFE9BFA75" bold="true" box="[151,358,1484,1511]" pageId="4" pageNumber="326">DISTRIBUTION</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBD36EB586FF33FFF3195B1FDAFF909" blockId="4.[151,1437,1484,1692]" pageId="4" pageNumber="326">
|
||
Described from the rhizosphere of fruit trees in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F315767B586FF33FFD6695B1FCDDF999" box="[704,800,1521,1547]" name="Bulgaria" pageId="4" pageNumber="326">Bulgaria</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF934B1A586FF33FFC9795B1FC1FF99E" author="Andrassy, I." box="[817,994,1521,1548]" pageId="4" pageNumber="326" pagination="1 - 88" refId="ref13223" refString="Andrassy, I. (1958) Erd- und Susswassernematoden aus Bulgarian [Soil and freshwater nematodes from Bulgarian]. Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientarum Hungaricae, 4, 1 - 88. [in German]" type="journal article" year="1958">Andrássy 1958</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). It has been reported from strawberry fields in Kostinbrod,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F315767B586FF33FFE239655FE18F9BD" box="[389,485,1557,1583]" name="Bulgaria" pageId="4" pageNumber="326">Bulgaria</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF934B1A586FF33FFE529655FC79F9BD" author="Katalan-Gateva, S. D. & Nedelchev, S. L." box="[500,900,1557,1583]" pageId="4" pageNumber="326" pagination="76 - 81" refId="ref14415" refString="Katalan-Gateva, S. D. & Nedelchev, S. L. (1983) New species of plant nematodes for Bulgaria. Acta Zoologica Bulgarica, 22, 76 - 81." type="journal article" year="1983">Katalan-Gateva & Nedelchev 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF934B1A586FF33FFC319655FB3CF9BD" author="Kuzmin, L. L. & Gagarin, V. G." box="[919,1217,1557,1583]" pageId="4" pageNumber="326" refId="ref14449" refString="Kuzmin, L. L. & Gagarin, V. G. (1990) [Catalogue of free-living soil and freshwater nematodes of Arctic and subarctic]. Vladimir State Pedagogical Institute, Moscow, 65 pp. [in Russian]" type="book" year="1990">Kuzmin & Gagarin (1990)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
noted that this species occurs in Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F315767B586FF33FFD039679FD0EF9C1" box="[677,755,1593,1619]" name="Russia" pageId="4" pageNumber="326">Russia</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Another population was reported in association with forests (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C024D68586FF33FFF07961EFE61F9EA" authority="Ten." authorityName="Ten." box="[161,412,1630,1656]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="4" pageNumber="326" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="frainetto">
|
||
<emphasis id="B976EAF9586FF33FFF07961EFE99F9EA" box="[161,356,1630,1656]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="326">Quercus frainetto</emphasis>
|
||
Ten.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) in Rhodopes,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F315767B586FF33FFDE7961DFD5CF9E5" box="[577,673,1629,1655]" name="Bulgaria" pageId="4" pageNumber="326">Bulgaria</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF934B1A586FF33FFD08961DFC82F9E5" author="Peneva, V. & Lazarova, S. & Nedelchev, S. & Elshishka, M." box="[686,895,1629,1655]" pageId="4" pageNumber="326" pagination="31 - 54" refId="ref14529" refString="Peneva, V., Lazarova, S., Nedelchev, S. & Elshishka, M. (2011) Plant nematodes of the Rhodopes (Bulgaria): an overview and additional data. In: Beron, P. (Ed.), Biodiversity of Bulgaria. 4. Biodiversity of Western Rhodopes (Bulgaria and Greece). Pensoft & National Museum of Natural History, Sofia, pp. 31 - 54." type="book chapter" year="2011">
|
||
Peneva
|
||
<emphasis id="B976EAF9586FF33FFCA1961EFCC3F9E5" box="[775,830,1629,1655]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="326">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2011
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Unfortunately, morphological or morphometric data were not provided in these studies.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |