302 lines
33 KiB
XML
302 lines
33 KiB
XML
<document id="1AEE6EAE1DDCDCE304C18A2827AC9D38" ID="10.11646/zootaxa.4169.1.3" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4169.1.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="dc0eaba4-f442-4ea7-8f4c-b6a389d6e5f8" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="263049" ID-ZooBank="05BDC917-2890-41BE-B371-5332DB5B7ED9" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1474268229701" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Agís, José Ansín, Ramil, Fran & Calder, Dale R." docDate="2016" docId="0398878DFF94FF98C7D1823AFDACFE3F" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4169.1.3.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4169 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Plumularia billardi Agís, Ramil & Calder, 2016, nom. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="81" masterDocId="FFA1FFF5FF82FF80C7468430FFB8FFCA" masterDocTitle="One new genus and three new species of plumulariid hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa, Plumulariidae) from the western Pacific Ocean, with a re-examination of Plumularia insignis Allman, 1883 and related taxa" masterLastPageNumber="86" masterPageNumber="57" pageNumber="79" updateTime="1698386168324" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="15502AAC2DCEA7BF7521EFCA0FE76459" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="256D84E7BF2EA56EC4B57811C0DEFC4E">
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<mods:title id="AC58981B5B54997D63B1F7FF74B751FF">One new genus and three new species of plumulariid hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa, Plumulariidae) from the western Pacific Ocean, with a re-examination of Plumularia insignis Allman, 1883 and related taxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="C58D84E954D869D835DC42504B69A351" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="DC11A931C701312D0CC4C456FC0B118C">
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<mods:roleTerm id="3F04A87293D6F62409DB0BA26EA5C746">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="78D680D4B774776D65433952F7F9E005">Agís, José Ansín</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="999FECD696D1BAE7177D700AF3EA21EC" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="3BB26FC46A75A6BF5E087C809E1B6EBE">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="E985930C055B3867B7866F164F099B97">Ramil, Fran</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="3714CD15A07E9271D07033E73F2C80EB" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="C0115D20E0A407DABFBA600DE99939F9">
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<mods:roleTerm id="15B7C697FE7D30AE85517A417091F320">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="2553BEA1EF22DB126B7A76B651C9F9C2">Calder, Dale R.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="32CDBEE89D43B27828C77F3393AEB248">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="ED84D0450E13912ACD1800C0FF2DE41F">
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<mods:title id="C8740EA872D106C7B570B23DEA54B9D0">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="4258886D5A792F28772EFF4F7E58EAB7">
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<mods:date id="CA4DECFDF1AA015B9F5B4317F83BC18B">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="97F49279F3D9403203EBBBF3875485D7" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="3FDB38592B6520CD461F546DA4A4CCA2">4169</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="CCABD7C8E7B82A58434B19F9CD665346" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="F6CD11F9BAA86788AF7682D97CCE4321">1</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="7BD1AA628C167ABDB3BD92BA05C6087F">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="968F09DC9097B8E000E2FEAF248C5FC9" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4169.1.3</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="FAE5C1030939E930163B0ACA80E20174" type="GBIF-Dataset">dc0eaba4-f442-4ea7-8f4c-b6a389d6e5f8</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="8BD5B2F8B8BDABE1292EB0D164BC1799" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="9432B5BF2936FA2E3A9074A05DAA25E9" type="Zenodo-Dep">263049</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="2088C436E953C58206A03F01CF5A1284" type="ZooBank">05BDC917-2890-41BE-B371-5332DB5B7ED9</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="0398878DFF94FF98C7D1823AFDACFE3F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5684347" ID-GBIF-Taxon="124551980" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5684347" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0398878DFF94FF98C7D1823AFDACFE3F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0398878DFF94FF98C7D1823AFDACFE3F" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="81" pageId="22" pageNumber="79">
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<subSubSection id="C32B6510FF94FF96C7D1823AFE31F98C" pageId="22" pageNumber="79" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B8E369BFF94FF96C7D1823AFDB9F9EF" blockId="22.[151,513,1546,1606]" box="[151,513,1546,1573]" pageId="22" pageNumber="79">
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<heading id="D0C681F7FF94FF96C7D1823AFDB9F9EF" bold="true" box="[151,513,1546,1573]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="22" pageNumber="79" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B945EA89FF94FF96C7D1823AFDB9F9EF" bold="true" box="[151,513,1546,1573]" pageId="22" pageNumber="79">
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<taxonomicName id="4C314D18FF94FF96C7D1823AFE39F9EE" ID-CoL="4KJGP" box="[151,385,1546,1572]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="22" pageNumber="79" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="billardi" status="nom. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B945EA89FF94FF96C7D1823AFE39F9EE" bold="true" box="[151,385,1546,1572]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="79">Plumularia billardi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27657F2FF94FF96C6CE823BFDB9F9EF" box="[392,513,1547,1573]" pageId="22" pageNumber="79">nom. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8E369BFF94FF96C7D1821DFE31F98C" blockId="22.[151,513,1546,1606]" box="[151,393,1581,1606]" pageId="22" pageNumber="79">
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(
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<figureCitation id="130A2A1EFF94FF96C7D9821DFE99F98C" box="[159,289,1581,1606]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 13" captionStart-1="FIGURE 14" captionStartId-0="24.[151,250,1828,1850]" captionStartId-1="25.[151,250,1801,1823]" captionTargetBox-0="[188,1408,586,1783]" captionTargetBox-1="[161,1417,209,1760]" captionTargetId-0="figure@24.[164,1424,575,1789]" captionTargetId-1="figure@25.[151,1436,193,1780]" captionTargetPageId-0="24" captionTargetPageId-1="25" captionText-0="FIGURE 13. Plumularia billardi nom. nov. Syntype material of Plumularia insignis var. gracilis Billard, 1913; A: colony (after Billard 1913). B: fragment of axis with an axillary apophysis with the basal part of a lateral branch with a hydrocladium; note the point of insertion of a hydrocladium on stem (arrow). Scale a: 1 cm. b: 0.1 mm." captionText-1="FIGURE 14. Plumularia billardi nom. nov. Syntype material of Plumularia insignis var. gracilis Billard, 1913; A: fragment of a hydrocladium with two hydrothecate and two ahydrothecate internodes. B: last hydrothecate segment of a hydrocladium. C: hydrotheca from the middle part of a hydrocladium. D: distalmost hydrotheca of a hydrocladium. E: gonotheca. Scales a ‒ e: 0.1 mm." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/263062/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/263063/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="79">Figs 13‒14</figureCitation>
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;
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<tableCitation id="C6B30320FF94FF96C66A821DFE38F98C" box="[300,384,1581,1606]" captionStart="TABLE 7" captionStartId="23.[151,239,1228,1251]" captionText="TABLE 7. Measurements of Plumularia billardi n. nom. in µm." pageId="22" pageNumber="79">Table 7</tableCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C32B6510FF94FF96C7D18245FA85F941" box="[151,1341,1653,1675]" pageId="22" pageNumber="79" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8B8E369BFF94FF96C7D18245FA85F941" blockId="22.[151,1341,1653,1675]" box="[151,1341,1653,1675]" pageId="22" pageNumber="79">
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<taxonomicName id="4C314D18FF94FF96C7D18245FD2CF941" ID-CoL="4KJJK" authority="Billard, 1913: 47" authorityName="Billard" authorityPageNumber="47" authorityYear="1913" box="[151,660,1653,1675]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="22" pageNumber="79" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="variety" species="insignis" variety="gracilis">
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<emphasis id="B945EA89FF94FF96C7D18245FEE7F941" box="[151,351,1653,1675]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="79">Plumularia insignis</emphasis>
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var.
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<emphasis id="B945EA89FF94FF96C6D78245FE66F941" box="[401,478,1653,1675]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="79">gracilis</emphasis>
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Billard, 1913: 47
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</taxonomicName>
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, fig. 41, pl. III, figs. 29‒30; Bedot, 1921: 28; Van Praët, 1979: 925.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C32B6510FF94FF96C7D18287FEA6F807" pageId="22" pageNumber="79" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8B8E369BFF94FF96C7D18287FB9EF8D2" blockId="22.[151,1436,1719,1997]" pageId="22" pageNumber="79">
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<emphasis id="B945EA89FF94FF96C7D18287FCB3F91A" bold="true" box="[151,779,1719,1744]" pageId="22" pageNumber="79">
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Material examined.
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<taxonomicName id="4C314D18FF94FF96C6CB8287FCB3F91A" box="[397,779,1719,1744]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="22" pageNumber="79" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="variety" species="insignis" variety="gracilis">
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<emphasis id="B945EA89FF94FF96C6CB8287FDCEF91A" bold="true" box="[397,630,1719,1744]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="79">Plumularia insignis</emphasis>
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var.
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<emphasis id="B945EA89FF94FF96C5F08287FCB3F91A" bold="true" box="[694,779,1719,1744]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="79">gracilis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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, Syntype material: ZMA.COEL.P.4052. Type locality, in part:
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<taxonomicName id="4C314D18FF94FF96C79782ECFE73F93E" authority="Expedition Stn" authorityName="Expedition Stn" box="[209,459,1756,1781]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Siboga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B945EA89FF94FF96C79782ECFEA7F93E" box="[209,287,1756,1780]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="79">Siboga</emphasis>
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Expedition Stn
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</taxonomicName>
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159, 0º59.1’S, 129º48.8’E,
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<quantity id="4CC99B7EFF94FF96C44482ECFCF2F93E" box="[770,842,1756,1780]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.11" pageId="22" pageNumber="79" unit="m" value="411.0">411 m</quantity>
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,
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<date id="FF8F105BFF94FF96C41382ECFC64F93F" box="[853,988,1756,1781]" pageId="22" pageNumber="79" value="1899-08-16">16-08-1899</date>
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: five fragments,
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<quantity id="4CC99B7EFF94FF96C3D382ECFAA6F93E" box="[1173,1310,1756,1781]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.75" metricValueMax="14.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="22" pageNumber="79" unit="mm" value="77.5" valueMax="140.0" valueMin="15.0">15–140 mm</quantity>
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, some with gonothecae; also one colony,
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<quantity id="4CC99B7EFF94FF96C6A78330FD88F8DD" box="[481,560,1792,1816]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.3" pageId="22" pageNumber="79" unit="mm" value="93.0">93 mm</quantity>
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high, in two fragments, without gonothecae.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8E369BFF94FF96C7818314FC74F8AA" blockId="22.[151,1436,1719,1997]" pageId="22" pageNumber="79">
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ZMA.COEL.P.5234. Type locality, in part:
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<taxonomicName id="4C314D18FF94FF96C5848314FC7EF8F6" authority="Expedition Stn" authorityName="Expedition Stn" box="[706,966,1828,1853]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Siboga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="B945EA89FF94FF96C5848314FCB7F8F6" box="[706,783,1828,1852]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="79">Siboga</emphasis>
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Expedition Stn
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</taxonomicName>
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262, 5º53.8’S, 132º48.8’E.
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<quantity id="4CC99B7EFF94FF96C2548314FAD9F8F6" box="[1298,1377,1828,1853]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.6" pageId="22" pageNumber="79" unit="m" value="560.0">560 m</quantity>
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: five fragments, probably of same colony,
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<quantity id="4CC99B7EFF94FF96C5718377FD1AF895" box="[567,674,1863,1888]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.75" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="22" pageNumber="79" unit="mm" value="47.5" valueMax="90.0" valueMin="5.0">5–90 mm</quantity>
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high, without gonothecae.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8E369BFF94FF96C781835CFEA6F807" blockId="22.[151,1436,1719,1997]" pageId="22" pageNumber="79">
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MNHN-IK-2012-16032. Type locality, in part:
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<taxonomicName id="4C314D18FF94FF96C5A6835CFC67F84E" authority="Expedition Stn" authorityName="Expedition Stn" box="[736,991,1900,1925]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Siboga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="B945EA89FF94FF96C5A6835CFC96F84E" box="[736,814,1900,1924]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="79">Siboga</emphasis>
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Expedition Stn
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</taxonomicName>
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159, 0º59.1’S, 129º48.8’E,
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<quantity id="4CC99B7EFF94FF96C259835CFAD1F84E" box="[1311,1385,1900,1924]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.11" pageId="22" pageNumber="79" unit="m" value="411.0">411 m</quantity>
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,
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<date id="FF8F105BFF94FF96C231835CFF4FF862" pageId="22" pageNumber="79" value="1899-08-16">16- 08-1899</date>
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||
, one slide: L.1283, two monosiphonic fragments,
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||
<quantity id="4CC99B7EFF94FF96C41883A0FC1FF86D" box="[862,935,1936,1960]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="22" pageNumber="79" unit="mm" value="4.0">4 mm</quantity>
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and
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<quantity id="4CC99B7EFF94FF96C4AB83A0FB8DF86D" box="[1005,1077,1936,1960]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="22" pageNumber="79" unit="mm" value="9.0">9 mm</quantity>
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long, smaller one with three gonothecae.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C32B6510FF95FF97C78184A7FD00FF1E" pageId="23" pageNumber="80" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="8B8E369BFF95FF97C78184A7FD00FF1E" blockId="23.[151,1437,151,1184]" pageId="23" pageNumber="80">
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<emphasis id="B945EA89FF95FF97C78184A7FEF6FF7A" bold="true" box="[199,334,151,176]" pageId="23" pageNumber="80">Etymology.</emphasis>
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The specific name
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<taxonomicName id="4C314D18FF95FF97C56A84A8FDC7FF7A" box="[556,639,152,176]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="23" pageNumber="80" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="billardi">
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<emphasis id="B945EA89FF95FF97C56A84A8FDC7FF7A" box="[556,639,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="80">billardi</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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honours Dr Armand Eugène Billard (
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<date id="FF8F105BFF95FF97C36A84A8FB17FF7A" box="[1068,1199,152,176]" pageId="23" pageNumber="80" value="1871" valueMax="1942">1871–1942</date>
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), who first described this species (as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C314D18FF95FF97C600848CFD10FF1E" box="[326,680,188,212]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="23" pageNumber="80" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="variety" species="insignis" variety="gracilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B945EA89FF95FF97C600848CFDA7FF1E" box="[326,543,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="80">Plumularia insignis</emphasis>
|
||
var.
|
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<emphasis id="B945EA89FF95FF97C512848CFD10FF1E" box="[596,680,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="80">gracilis</emphasis>
|
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</taxonomicName>
|
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C32B6510FF95FF97C78184EFFE0BFED6" pageId="23" pageNumber="80" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8E369BFF95FF97C78184EFFE0BFED6" blockId="23.[151,1437,151,1184]" pageId="23" pageNumber="80">
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||
<emphasis id="B945EA89FF95FF97C78184EFFED8FF32" bold="true" box="[199,352,223,248]" pageId="23" pageNumber="80">Distribution.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C314D18FF95FF97C62E84D0FDFBFF32" box="[360,579,224,248]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="23" pageNumber="80" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="billardi">
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<emphasis id="B945EA89FF95FF97C62E84D0FDFBFF32" box="[360,579,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="80">Plumularia billardi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is known only from two localities in Indonesian waters (
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<typeStatus id="548A8839FF95FF97C38984D0FAB9FF32" box="[1231,1281,224,248]" pageId="23" pageNumber="80">type</typeStatus>
|
||
localities), at depths of 411 and
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D37FD12FF95FF97C6238534FE0BFED6" box="[357,435,260,285]" pageId="23" pageNumber="80" type="generic">
|
||
<quantity id="4CC99B7EFF95FF97C6238534FE17FED6" box="[357,431,260,285]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.6" pageId="23" pageNumber="80" unit="m" value="560.0">560 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C32B6510FF95FF97C7818517FCC2F8E4" pageId="23" pageNumber="80" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8E369BFF95FF97C7818517FF4EFBB7" blockId="23.[151,1437,151,1184]" pageId="23" pageNumber="80">
|
||
<emphasis id="B945EA89FF95FF97C7818517FEE1FE8A" bold="true" box="[199,345,295,320]" pageId="23" pageNumber="80">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Hydrorhiza a tuft of perisarcal fibres given off from base of colony. Colony branched, main axis polysiphonic proximally, becoming monosiphonic distally. Main tube with several nematothecae, up to 12, between two consecutive apophyses; not divided into segments; internal perisarcal rings lacking; apophyses arising from main tube, disposed alternately left and right; each apophysis with two axillary nematothecae and one mamelon on distal part; hydrocladia pinnately arranged. Lateral branches given off from main tube, arising from tubular apophyses located in axil of a thickened hydrocladial apophysis with a missing hydrocladium (fig. 13B, arrow); these apophyses with one axillar nematotheca. Branches composed of a succession of internodes separated by slightly oblique nodes; basal internodes with two or rarely three apophyses, distal ones normally with only one. Nematothecae four below first apophysis, with two others between consecutive apophyses, these sometimes displaced to posterior side of branch. Basal internodes lacking perisarcal rings, or with one at each end; number of perisarcal rings increasing towards distal part, with up to 12 per internode. Apophyses of branches alternately directed left and right, more or less in the same plane in basal parts and frontally directed distally. Hydrocladia of main axis and branches identical in structure; each hydrocladium with a proximalmost ahydrothecate internode; this first internode with one proximal nematotheca on a small elevation, and with two perisarcal rings, one at each end; remainder of hydrocladium a succession of hydrothecate and ahydrothecate internodes separated by oblique nodes. Hydrothecate internodes each with one hydrotheca and three nematothecae: one mesial inferior and two laterals. Hydrotheca deep, with adcauline wall fully adnate; abcauline wall straight; hydrothecal rim smooth, perpendicular to hydrocladial axis. Mesial inferior nematotheca on small elevation, not reaching base of hydrotheca; lateral nematothecae on small apophysis, arising below hydrothecal margin, extending well beyond orifice. Ahydrothecate internodes with one proximal nematotheca, borne on a small elevation. All nematothecae bithalamic, movable, with adcauline wall of distal chamber lowered. Perisarcal thickenings in internodes decidedly varied in number. Observed morphological variations mainly including number of apophyses, and number and disposition of nematothecae per axial and branch internodes; these related to processes of regeneration following damage.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8E369BFF95FF97C78180B7FB37FB6A" blockId="23.[151,1437,151,1184]" box="[199,1167,1159,1184]" pageId="23" pageNumber="80">Gonothecae elongated, tubular, with a distal circular aperture; arising from apophyses.</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF4E6613FF95FF97C7D180FCFCFBFB29" box="[151,835,1227,1251]" pageId="23" pageNumber="80">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8E369BFF95FF97C7D180FCFCFBFB29" blockId="23.[151,835,1227,1251]" box="[151,835,1227,1251]" pageId="23" pageNumber="80">
|
||
<emphasis id="B945EA89FF95FF97C7D180FCFEB1FB29" bold="true" box="[151,265,1228,1251]" pageId="23" pageNumber="80">TABLE 7.</emphasis>
|
||
Measurements of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C314D18FF95FF97C68980FBFD27FB29" box="[463,671,1227,1251]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="23" pageNumber="80" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="billardi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B945EA89FF95FF97C68980FBFD27FB29" box="[463,671,1227,1251]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="80">Plumularia billardi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
n. nom. in µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8E369BFF95FF97C46780CEFC55FADE" blockId="23.[159,1005,1278,1838]" box="[801,1005,1278,1300]" pageId="23" pageNumber="80">ZMA.COEL.P.4052</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8E369BFF95FF97C7D98118FEADFA70" blockId="23.[159,1005,1278,1838]" pageId="23" pageNumber="80">Hydrothecate internode, length 540‒560 Ahydrothecate internode, length 140‒170 Diameter at node 60‒70 Hydrotheca</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8E369BFF95FF97C78981FDFCC2F8E4" blockId="23.[159,1005,1278,1838]" pageId="23" pageNumber="80">Abcauline wall, length 250‒300 Adcauline wall, length 220‒290 Diameter at rim 110‒140 Mesial nematotheca, length 70‒80 Diameter at rim 30‒40 Lateral nematotheca, length 70‒80 Diameter at rim 30‒40 Gonotheca, length 1300‒1570 Maximum diameter 350‒400</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C32B6510FF95FF98C781835EFDACFE3F" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="81" pageId="23" pageNumber="80" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8E369BFF95FF98C781835EFB96FED7" blockId="23.[151,1436,1902,2035]" lastBlockId="24.[151,1436,151,501]" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="81" pageId="23" pageNumber="80">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B593CC6FF95FF98C781835EFB96FED7" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1313779475" country="Indonesia" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="81" location="South Africa" pageId="23" pageNumber="80" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Prince Edward Island" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B945EA89FF95FF97C781835EFE83F84D" bold="true" box="[199,315,1902,1927]" pageId="23" pageNumber="80">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
The trophosome of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C314D18FF95FF97C568835EFBF0F84D" authority="Billard, 1913" authorityName="Billard" authorityYear="1913" box="[558,1096,1902,1927]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="23" pageNumber="80" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="variety" species="insignis" variety="gracilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B945EA89FF95FF97C568835EFCA8F84C" box="[558,784,1902,1926]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="80">Plumularia insignis</emphasis>
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="B945EA89FF95FF97C409835EFC1DF84C" box="[847,933,1902,1926]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="80">gracilis</emphasis>
|
||
Billard, 1913
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
resembles that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C314D18FF95FF97C263835FFE80F861" authority="Allman, 1883" authorityName="Allman" authorityYear="1883" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="23" pageNumber="80" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="insignis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B945EA89FF95FF97C263835FFA24F84C" box="[1317,1436,1903,1926]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="80">P. insignis</emphasis>
|
||
Allman, 1883
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but its gonosome differs in morphology. In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C314D18FF95FF97C40883A3FBE3F861" box="[846,1115,1939,1963]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="23" pageNumber="80" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="variety" species="insignis" variety="gracilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B945EA89FF95FF97C40883A3FC7DF860" box="[846,965,1939,1962]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="80">P. insignis</emphasis>
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="B945EA89FF95FF97C34383A3FBE3F861" box="[1029,1115,1939,1963]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="80">gracilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the gonothecal aperture is circular in shape and apical in position, whereas that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C314D18FF95FF97C44E8387FCC3F804" box="[776,891,1975,1998]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="23" pageNumber="80" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="insignis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B945EA89FF95FF97C44E8387FCC3F804" box="[776,891,1975,1998]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="80">P. insignis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is semicircular and oriented laterally. Moreover, gonothecae of the two differ in size, with those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C314D18FF95FF97C44083EBFBA0F839" box="[774,1048,2011,2035]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="23" pageNumber="80" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="variety" species="insignis" variety="gracilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B945EA89FF95FF97C44083EBFCC6F838" box="[774,894,2011,2034]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="80">P. insignis</emphasis>
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="B945EA89FF95FF97C48483EBFBA0F839" box="[962,1048,2011,2035]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="80">gracilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
being considerably smaller. The ramification pattern of this morphotype, with lateral branches arising from the axil of hydrocladial apophyses, also seems quite peculiar. In addition, the
|
||
<typeStatus id="548A8839FF9AFF98C52F848DFD21FF1F" box="[617,665,189,213]" pageId="24" pageNumber="81">type</typeStatus>
|
||
localities of the two morphotypes are decidedly different both geographically and environmentally, with
|
||
<emphasis id="B945EA89FF9AFF98C53F84D1FD52FF32" box="[633,746,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="81">P. i n s i g ni s</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C314D18FF9AFF98C5B084D0FCC6FF32" box="[758,894,224,248]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="24" pageNumber="81" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="variety" species="insignis" variety="gracilis">
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="B945EA89FF9AFF98C46F84D0FCC6FF32" box="[809,894,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="81">gracilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
being from tropical waters of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F326760BFF9AFF98C3A684EFFAF5FF32" box="[1248,1357,223,248]" name="Indonesia" pageId="24" pageNumber="81">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C314D18FF9AFF98C2C184D1FF56FED6" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="24" pageNumber="81" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="insignis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B945EA89FF9AFF98C2C184D1FF56FED6" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="81">P. insignis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F5F879FF9AFF98C6748534FD9BFED7" box="[306,547,260,285]" country="Canada" name="Prince Edward Island" pageId="24" pageNumber="81">
|
||
Prince
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F5F879FF9AFF98C6C78534FD9BFED7" box="[385,547,260,285]" inferredBySuffix="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="81">Edward Island</collectingRegion>
|
||
</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<location id="8EEE6040FF9AFF98C5748534FD7DFED7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0398878DFF94FF98C7D1823AFDACFE3F:8EEE6040FF9AFF98C5748534FD7DFED7" box="[562,709,260,285]" country="Indonesia" name="South Africa" pageId="24" pageNumber="81" stateProvince="Prince Edward Island">South Africa</location>
|
||
) in the cold subantarctic region.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8E369BFF9AFF98C7818518FDACFE3F" blockId="24.[151,1436,151,501]" pageId="24" pageNumber="81">
|
||
We therefore consider the hydroid described as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C314D18FF9AFF98C4468519FBB6FE8A" box="[768,1038,296,320]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="24" pageNumber="81" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="variety" species="insignis" variety="gracilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B945EA89FF9AFF98C4468519FCC0FEF5" box="[768,888,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="81">P. insignis</emphasis>
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="B945EA89FF9AFF98C4FF8518FBB6FE8A" box="[953,1038,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="81">gracilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to be a different species from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C314D18FF9AFF98C2C18519FF56FEAE" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="24" pageNumber="81" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="insignis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B945EA89FF9AFF98C2C18519FF56FEAE" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="81">P. insignis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The binomen
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C314D18FF9AFF98C6DA857CFDC3FEAE" box="[412,635,332,356]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="24" pageNumber="81" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="gracilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B945EA89FF9AFF98C6DA857CFDC3FEAE" box="[412,635,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="81">Plumularia gracilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
cannot be applied to Billard’s species because that name is an invalid junior homonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C314D18FF9AFF98C6C78540FCBDFE42" authority="Murray, 1860" authorityName="Murray" authorityYear="1860" box="[385,773,367,392]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="24" pageNumber="81" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="gracilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B945EA89FF9AFF98C6C78540FDE7FE42" box="[385,607,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="81">Plumularia gracilis</emphasis>
|
||
Murray, 1860
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C314D18FF9AFF98C4748540FABFFE42" authority="Trask, 1857" authorityName="Trask" authorityYear="1857" box="[818,1287,367,392]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Sertulariidae" genus="Hydrallmania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="24" pageNumber="81" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="franciscana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B945EA89FF9AFF98C4748540FBE5FE42" box="[818,1117,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="81">Hydrallmania franciscana</emphasis>
|
||
(Trask, 1857)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
],
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C314D18FF9AFF98C25A8540FE3EFE66" authority="Clarke, 1879" authorityName="Clarke" authorityYear="1879" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="24" pageNumber="81" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="gracilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B945EA89FF9AFF98C25A8540FF55FE66" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="81">Plumularia gracilis</emphasis>
|
||
Clarke, 1879
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C314D18FF9AFF98C6F785A4FC94FE66" authority="Nutting, 1900" authorityName="Nutting" authorityYear="1900" box="[433,812,404,429]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="24" pageNumber="81" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="clarkei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B945EA89FF9AFF98C6F785A4FD3EFE66" box="[433,646,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="81">Plumularia clarkei</emphasis>
|
||
Nutting, 1900
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C314D18FF9AFF98C40A85A4FB6FFE66" authority="Nutting, 1900" authorityName="Nutting" authorityYear="1900" box="[844,1239,404,429]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Halopterididae" genus="Halopteris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="24" pageNumber="81" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="clarkei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B945EA89FF9AFF98C40A85A4FBA3FE66" box="[844,1051,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="81">Halopteris clarkei</emphasis>
|
||
(Nutting, 1900)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
], and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C314D18FF9AFF98C25A85A4FE25FE1A" authority="Fraser, 1948" authorityName="Fraser" authorityYear="1948" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="24" pageNumber="81" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="gracilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B945EA89FF9AFF98C25A85A4FF55FE1A" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="81">Plumularia gracilis</emphasis>
|
||
(Fraser, 1948)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C314D18FF9AFF98C6948588FCD3FE1A" authority="Fraser, 1948" authorityName="Fraser" authorityYear="1948" box="[466,875,440,464]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Nemertesia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="24" pageNumber="81" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="gracilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B945EA89FF9AFF98C6948588FD0DFE1A" box="[466,693,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="81">Nemertesia gracilis</emphasis>
|
||
(Fraser, 1948)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
]. Instead,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C314D18FF9AFF98C4AF8588FB71FE1A" box="[1001,1225,440,464]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="24" pageNumber="81" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="billardi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B945EA89FF9AFF98C4AF8588FB71FE1A" box="[1001,1225,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="81">Plumularia billardi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is proposed as a replacement name for the species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |