279 lines
37 KiB
XML
279 lines
37 KiB
XML
<document id="C0BCC076A3675C4A60DB71B45E54D0BC" ID-CLB-Dataset="22009" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2014.85" ID-GBIF-Dataset="621c2691-b9b0-460c-8772-851ef352c749" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3835095" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1589941578809" checkinUser="tatiana" docAuthor="Fernández, Fernando, Feitosa, Rodrigo M. & Lattke, John" docDate="2014" docId="03D787CC5B5CFF967A961012FDB7FDF0" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-2014-85.pdf.imf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 85" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Kempfidris Fernández & Feitosa & Lattke 2014, gen. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="5" masterDocId="FFEEFFB45B5EFF9378091247FFEEFF92" masterDocTitle="Kempfidris, a new genus of myrmicine ants from the Neotropical region (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)" masterLastPageNumber="10" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="3" updateTime="1698840402438" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-3.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-3.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="57E83A64916EB1D6B357B201882C803C">Kempfidris, a new genus of myrmicine ants from the Neotropical region (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="381C88A0EC28C9B69AEB8AA990BA13D4">Fernández, Fernando</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="A528E340F9BBB8094062EF0CFA061FE0">Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Apartado 7495, Bogotá D. C., Colombia. E-mail: ffernandezca @ unal. edu. co urn: lsid: zoobank. org: author: 6 F 96 DA 0 B- 5889 - 40 F 4 - A 946 - DBB 05 FB 77 F 7 B</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="3058517769A5A8434536570BAC8B807A">Feitosa, Rodrigo M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="2D1238166FAA8FC5A298767495A18456">Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Caixa Postal 19020, 81531 - 980, Curitiba, PR, Brazil. E-mail: rsmfeitosa @ gmail. com urn: lsid: zoobank. org: author: 443 A 72 A 7 - 196 F- 47 FF-A 02 D- 0 B 5 F 4 B 48 D 8 B 3</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="16BA34EEE8032F7CA81B5AE4E5C084B6">Lattke, John</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="92C4DDC146C0B71954980A9C98528A86">Universidad Nacional de Loja, Dirección de Investigación - BioS, Ciudad Universitaria, La Argelia, Loja, Ecuador. E-mail: piquihuye @ gmail. com urn: lsid: zoobank. org: author: 7 AE 0 D 94 C- 619 B- 4 E 77 - B 16 F- 3 F 18731 EE 390</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="35E63C55D7DD120515CF64BD41FEB0F4">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="C0775BB223C39795161E8DE02CA5DFF2">2014</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03D787CC5B5CFF967A961012FDB7FDF0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3851691" ID-GBIF-Taxon="164241442" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3851691" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:B9B9FBA4-E0A5-44A2-BDD1-3C9ADA644AD9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D787CC5B5CFF967A961012FDB7FDF0" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<paragraph id="8BC136DA5B5CFF917A961012FC7BFDE2" blockId="2.[345,1242,597,695]" box="[671,917,597,624]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<heading id="D08981B65B5CFF917A961012FC7BFDE2" box="[671,917,597,624]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D595B5CFF917A961012FCCDFDE2" authority="Fernández & Feitosa & Lattke, 2014" authorityName="Fernández & Feitosa & Lattke" authorityYear="2014" box="[671,803,597,624]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Kempfidris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B90AEAC85B5CFF917A961012FCCDFDE2" bold="true" box="[671,803,597,624]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Kempfidris</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23957B35B5CFF917B231011FC7BFDE2" box="[810,917,598,624]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C36465515B5CFF917AEE103EFCA3FD01" box="[743,845,633,659]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BC136DA5B5CFF917AEE103EFCA3FD01" blockId="2.[345,1242,597,695]" box="[743,845,633,659]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<figureCitation id="13452A5F5B5CFF917AEE103EFCA3FD01" box="[743,845,633,659]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStart-2="Fig" captionStartId-0="3.[189,232,1930,1956]" captionStartId-1="4.[189,232,1944,1970]" captionStartId-2="5.[189,232,1930,1956]" captionTargetBox-0="[189,1398,686,1892]" captionTargetBox-1="[189,1398,573,1908]" captionTargetBox-2="[189,1398,651,1893]" captionTargetId-0="figure@3.[189,1398,686,1895]" captionTargetId-1="figure@4.[189,1398,573,1908]" captionTargetId-2="figure@5.[189,1398,651,1893]" captionTargetPageId-0="3" captionTargetPageId-1="4" captionTargetPageId-2="5" captionText-0="Fig. 1. Kempfidris inusualis (Fernández, 2007) comb. nov., worker from Benjamin Constant, Amazon, Brazil (ICN). SEM photographs. A. Head in full face view. B. Head in dorsal oblique view. C. Mesosoma in lateral view. D. Apex of metasoma showing the cylindrical micro-pegs." captionText-1="Fig. 2. Kempfidris inusualis (Fernández, 2007) comb. nov., worker from Porto Velho, Rondônia, Brazil (DZUP). High-resolution images. A. Head in full face view. B. Body in dorsal view. C. Body in lateral view." captionText-2="Fig. 3. Kempfidris inusualis (Fernández, 2007) comb. nov., worker from Maroa, Amazonas, Venezuela, specimen CASENT0217050. High-resolution images from AntWeb. A. Head in full face view. B. Body in dorsal view. C. Body in lateral view. Images by Erin Prado." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3835097" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3835099" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3835101" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/3835097/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/3835099/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/3835101/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Figs 1–3</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C36465515B5CFF91795010DBFB34FD25" box="[345,1242,668,695]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BC136DA5B5CFF91795010DBFB34FD25" blockId="2.[345,1242,597,695]" box="[345,1242,668,695]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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<uuid id="FFD80C0F5B5CFF917A7510DBFB34FD25" box="[636,1242,668,695]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">B9B9FBA4-E0A5-44A2-BDD1-3C9ADA644AD9</uuid>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C36465515B5CFF9178B4109AFD7DFCB4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="type_taxon">
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<paragraph id="8BC136DA5B5CFF9178B4109AFEB6FD65" blockId="2.[189,344,733,759]" box="[189,344,733,759]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<heading id="D08981B65B5CFF9178B4109AFEB6FD65" bold="true" box="[189,344,733,759]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="B90AEAC85B5CFF9178B4109AFEB6FD65" bold="true" box="[189,344,733,759]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<typeStatus id="54C588785B5CFF9178B4109AFF14FD65" box="[189,250,733,759]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Type</typeStatus>
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species
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC136DA5B5CFF9178B4114AFD7DFCB4" blockId="2.[189,659,780,806]" box="[189,659,780,806]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D595B5CFF9178B4114AFD7DFCB4" authority="Fernandez, 2007" authorityName="Fernandez" authorityYear="2007" box="[189,659,780,806]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Monomorium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inusuale">
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<emphasis id="B90AEAC85B5CFF9178B4114AFE29FCB4" box="[189,455,780,806]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Monomorium inusuale</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B2B5B5CFF9179C6114BFD7DFCB4" author="Fernandez F." box="[463,659,780,806]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" pagination="128 - 145" refId="ref3855" refString="Fernandez F. 2007. Two new South American species of Monomorium Mayr with taxonomic notes on the genus. In: Snelling R. R., Fisher B. L & Ward P. S. (eds) Advances in Ant Systematics (Hymenoptera: Formicidae): Homage to E. O. Wilson - 50 Years of Contributions. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 80: 128 - 145." type="journal article" year="2007">Fernández, 2007</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C36465515B5CFF9178B4110AFA99FC6D" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="8BC136DA5B5CFF9178B4110AFEAAFCF5" blockId="2.[189,324,845,871]" box="[189,324,845,871]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<heading id="D08981B65B5CFF9178B4110AFEAAFCF5" bold="true" box="[189,324,845,871]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="B90AEAC85B5CFF9178B4110AFEAAFCF5" bold="true" box="[189,324,845,871]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Etymology</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC136DA5B5CFF9178B4113BFA99FC6D" blockId="2.[189,1399,892,1024]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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It is with great pleasure that we dedicate this new genus to Father Walter W. Kempf (
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<date id="FFC0101A5B5CFF917CAE113BFAC0FC05" box="[1191,1326,892,919]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" value="1920" valueMax="1976">1920–1976</date>
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) (
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<figureCitation id="13452A5F5B5CFF917D4E113BFF23FC2B" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[189,232,1517,1543]" captionTargetBox="[662,1398,985,2018]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[662,1398,985,2018]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 4. Father Walter Kempf (1920– 1976). Photographer unknown; files of the Franciscan Order in São Paulo, Brazil. Available from the Global Ant Project website: http:// gap.entclub.org/taxonomists/Kempf/ index.html" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3835103" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3835103/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
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) for his brilliant, but somewhat short career in ant taxonomy, with special reference to the Neotropical fauna. Besides the many monographs and descriptions of new taxa, Kempf provided the first catalog of Neotropical ants (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B2B5B5CFF91798311A2FDCCFC6D" author="Kempf W. W." box="[394,546,997,1023]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" pagination="3 - 344" refId="ref4023" refString="Kempf W. W. 1972. Catalogo abreviado das formigas da regiao Neotropical. Studia Entomologica 15: 3 - 344." type="journal article" year="1972">Kempf 1972</bibRefCitation>
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), an obligate reference (until recently) for generations of myrmecologists.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C36465515B5CFF9178B41660FD72FA61" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BC136DA5B5CFF9178B41660FE52FBD0" blockId="2.[189,444,1063,1090]" box="[189,444,1063,1090]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<heading id="D08981B65B5CFF9178B41660FEA0FBD3" box="[189,334,1063,1089]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<emphasis id="B90AEAC85B5CFF9178B41660FEA0FBD3" bold="true" box="[189,334,1063,1089]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Description</emphasis>
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</heading>
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(worker)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC136DA5B5CFF9178B41611FD72FA61" blockId="2.[189,1399,1109,1523]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Antenna 12-segmented, with a well-defined 3-segmented club. Eye reduced to almost indistinct ommatidia, placed just anteriorad of head midlength. Frontal carinae and antennal scrobes absent. Mandible with four teeth: three apical teeth separated from isolated basal tooth by large diastema. Palpal formula 2,1. Clypeus projected anteromedially to form truncate lobe, lobe laterally bluntly angular and medially weakly concave, with distinct median seta and several surrounding setae. Median lobe of clypeus strongly bicarinate, carinae defining elevated area that converges posteriorly to form narrow strip between frontal lobes. Pronotum with anterolateral crest that extends dorsally, delimiting narrow anterior portion of pronotum. Metanotal groove very deep, well-marked. Bulla of metapleural gland large. Propodeum unarmed, declivity surrounded dorsolaterally by a crest, higher laterally than dorsally and joining the small metapleural lobe. Posteromedian portion of abdominal tergum VI and anteromedian portion of abdominal tergum VII with several minute, cylindrical micro-pegs, each bearing a hair on apex, though apparently broken in some.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C36465515B5CFF9678B4145DFDB7FDF0" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BC136DA5B5CFF9178B4145DFEC1F9A6" blockId="2.[189,303,1562,1588]" box="[189,303,1562,1588]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<heading id="D08981B65B5CFF9178B4145DFEC1F9A6" bold="true" box="[189,303,1562,1588]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="B90AEAC85B5CFF9178B4145DFEC1F9A6" bold="true" box="[189,303,1562,1588]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Remarks</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC136DA5B5CFF9178B4140EFACEF832" blockId="2.[189,1399,1608,1952]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D595B5CFF9178B4140EFE43F9F1" authorityName="Fernández & Feitosa & Lattke" authorityYear="2014" baseAuthorityName="Fernandez" baseAuthorityYear="2007" box="[189,429,1609,1635]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Kempfidris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inusualis" status="comb. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B90AEAC85B5CFF9178B4140EFE43F9F1" box="[189,429,1609,1635]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Kempfidris inusualis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23957B35B5CFF9179BB140FFDDFF9F1" box="[434,561,1608,1635]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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was provisionally described in
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<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D595B5CFF917B90140EFAE0F9F1" authority="(Fernandez 2007)" baseAuthorityName="Fernandez" baseAuthorityYear="2007" box="[921,1294,1608,1635]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Monomorium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B90AEAC85B5CFF917B90140EFBD7F9F0" box="[921,1081,1609,1634]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Monomorium</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B2B5B5CFF917C4F140FFAE8F9F1" author="Fernandez F." box="[1094,1286,1608,1635]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" pagination="128 - 145" refId="ref3855" refString="Fernandez F. 2007. Two new South American species of Monomorium Mayr with taxonomic notes on the genus. In: Snelling R. R., Fisher B. L & Ward P. S. (eds) Advances in Ant Systematics (Hymenoptera: Formicidae): Homage to E. O. Wilson - 50 Years of Contributions. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 80: 128 - 145." type="journal article" year="2007">Fernández 2007</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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, but with many doubts due to the poor state of knowledge of the internal relationships in
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<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D595B5CFF917C57142BFB1FF914" authorityName="Lepeletier" authorityYear="1835" box="[1118,1265,1644,1670]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Myrmicinae">Myrmicinae</taxonomicName>
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. Fernández commented on a suggestion by Barry
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49BAF8385B5CFF917A8214C8FD35F93B" box="[651,731,1679,1705]" country="United Kingdom" name="Bolton" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Bolton</collectingRegion>
|
||
(pers. comm.) that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D595B5CFF917BC414D7FBB2F93B" authorityName="Fernández & Feitosa & Lattke" authorityYear="2014" baseAuthorityName="Fernandez" baseAuthorityYear="2007" box="[973,1116,1679,1705]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Kempfidris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inusualis" status="comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAC85B5CFF917BC414D7FBB2F93B" box="[973,1116,1679,1705]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">K. inusualis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23957B35B5CFF917C6F14C8FB05F93B" box="[1126,1259,1679,1705]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
might be a member of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D595B5CFF91794F14F5FE3AF95E" authorityName="Lepeletier" authorityYear="1835" box="[326,468,1714,1740]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Stenammini">Stenammini</taxonomicName>
|
||
due to its overall resemblance with members of that tribe. Traits of the frontal lobes and toruli, as well as the clypeal posterior border, would place
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D595B5CFF917C011491FB76F97D" authorityName="Fernández & Feitosa & Lattke" authorityYear="2014" baseAuthorityName="Fernandez" baseAuthorityYear="2007" box="[1032,1176,1749,1775]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Kempfidris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inusualis" status="comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAC85B5CFF917C011491FB76F97D" box="[1032,1176,1749,1775]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">K. inusualis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23957B35B5CFF917CAB1492FAC9F962" box="[1186,1319,1749,1776]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D595B5CFF9178B414BFFEA5F880" authorityName="Lepeletier" authorityYear="1835" box="[189,331,1784,1810]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Stenammini">Stenammini</taxonomicName>
|
||
as diagnosed in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B2B5B5CFF917A0014BFFD32F881" author="Bolton B." box="[521,732,1784,1811]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" pagination="1 - 370" refId="ref3713" refString="Bolton B. 2003. Synopsis and classification of Formicidae. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 71: 1 - 370." type="journal article" year="2003">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49BAF8385B5CFF917A0014BFFDB7F880" box="[521,601,1784,1810]" country="United Kingdom" name="Bolton" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Bolton</collectingRegion>
|
||
(2003: 58)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. However, the first gastral tergite clearly overlaps the first sternite on its ventral surface, and the presence of a single medial clypeal seta indicates that the taxon belongs in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D595B5CFF9179661578FDFDF8CB" authorityName="Lepeletier" authorityYear="1835" box="[367,531,1855,1881]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Solenopsidini">Solenopsidini</taxonomicName>
|
||
, again
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAC85B5CFF917A631507FD45F8CB" box="[618,683,1856,1881]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">sensu</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B2B5B5CFF917ABD1578FC60F8C8" author="Bolton B." box="[692,910,1855,1882]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" pagination="1 - 370" refId="ref3713" refString="Bolton B. 2003. Synopsis and classification of Formicidae. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 71: 1 - 370." type="journal article" year="2003">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49BAF8385B5CFF917ABD1578FCEAF8CB" box="[692,772,1855,1881]" country="United Kingdom" name="Bolton" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Bolton</collectingRegion>
|
||
(2003: 59)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. We presently prefer to leave
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D595B5CFF917CFF1578FA99F8CB" authority="Fernández & Feitosa & Lattke, 2014" authorityName="Fernández & Feitosa & Lattke" authorityYear="2014" box="[1270,1399,1855,1881]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Kempfidris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAC85B5CFF917CFF1578FA99F8CB" box="[1270,1399,1855,1881]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Kempfidris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23957B35B5CFF9178B41524FEC4F8EF" box="[189,298,1891,1917]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
as an
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAC85B5CFF9179721524FDCEF8EE" box="[379,544,1890,1916]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">incertae sedis</emphasis>
|
||
genus within the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D595B5CFF917AF31525FC67F8EE" authorityName="Lepeletier" authorityYear="1835" box="[762,905,1890,1916]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Myrmicinae">Myrmicinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
until Ward and collaborators publish the conclusions, including a tribal arrangement, of their ongoing research (P.S. Ward, pers. comm.).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC136DA5B5DFF9078B4134BFE04FD17" blockId="3.[189,1399,267,646]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
A reconsideration of this species, given the series of unusual characters it has compared to other myrmicines, argues for recognising it as a distinct lineage. Leaving it in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D595B5DFF907C2C1368FB2BFEDA" baseAuthorityName="Fernandez" baseAuthorityYear="2007" box="[1061,1221,303,328]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Monomorium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAC85B5DFF907C2C1368FB2BFEDA" box="[1061,1221,303,328]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Monomorium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
only increases the difficulties of defining a monophyletic
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D595B5DFF907ABA1314FCBDFEFE" baseAuthorityName="Fernandez" baseAuthorityYear="2007" box="[691,851,339,364]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Monomorium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAC85B5DFF907ABA1314FCBDFEFE" box="[691,851,339,364]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Monomorium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, thus confounding the present situation within those groups. The strongly reduced eyes and the long diastema between the three apical teeth and the basal tooth do not appear to be common in myrmicines.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D595B5DFF907BAF13DFFBC9FE20" authority="Fernández & Feitosa & Lattke, 2014" authorityName="Fernández & Feitosa & Lattke" authorityYear="2014" box="[934,1063,408,434]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Kempfidris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAC85B5DFF907BAF13DFFBC9FE20" box="[934,1063,408,434]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Kempfidris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23957B35B5DFF907C3B13DEFB4FFE21" box="[1074,1185,409,435]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
is reminiscent of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D595B5DFF9078B413FBFE85FE44" authorityName="Fernandez" authorityYear="2004" box="[189,363,444,470]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cryptomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAC85B5DFF9078B413FBFE85FE44" box="[189,363,444,470]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Cryptomyrmex</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
regarding the mandibular configuration (four teeth with a diastema), clypeal structure (elevated median area), single median seta along the anterior clypeal margin, and reduced number (2) of maxillary palp segments. However,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D595B5DFF907A821045FCD7FD8E" authorityName="Fernandez" authorityYear="2004" box="[651,825,514,540]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cryptomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAC85B5DFF907A821045FCD7FD8E" box="[651,825,514,540]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Cryptomyrmex</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a different antennal structure (12 segments, the last two forming a club), modified hairs along the mandibular masticatory margin and subcutaneous ommatidia. Reduced eyes can be found in the African
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAC85B5DFF907B3B100FFC5FFDF0" box="[818,945,584,610]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">fossulatum</emphasis>
|
||
-group of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D595B5DFF907C2D100EFA9CFDF0" authority="(Bolton 1987)" baseAuthorityName="Bolton" baseAuthorityYear="1987" box="[1060,1394,584,610]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Monomorium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAC85B5DFF907C2D100EFB2AFDF0" box="[1060,1220,585,610]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Monomorium</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B2B5B5DFF907CDA100FFA87FDF0" author="Bolton B." box="[1235,1385,584,610]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="263 - 452" refId="ref3652" refString="Bolton B. 1987. A review of the Solenopsis genus-group and revision of Afrotropical Monomorium Mayr (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Entomology 54: 263 - 452. http: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 127596 # page / 1 / mode / 1 up" type="journal article" year="1987">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49BAF8385B5DFF907CDA100FFACBFDF0" box="[1235,1317,584,610]" country="United Kingdom" name="Bolton" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Bolton</collectingRegion>
|
||
1987
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, as well as in
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAC85B5DFF90795D102CFE04FD17" box="[340,490,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D595B5DFF90795D102CFE0BFD17" box="[340,485,619,645]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Carebarella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Carebarella</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF0166525B5DFF9078B415CDFBF1F878" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3835097" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3835097" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3835097/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" startId="3.[189,232,1930,1956]" targetBox="[189,1398,686,1892]" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC136DA5B5DFF9078B415CDFBF1F878" blockId="3.[189,1398,1930,2027]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAC85B5DFF9078B415CDFEE5F836" bold="true" box="[189,267,1930,1956]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 1.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D595B5DFF90791A15CDFD08F836" authority="(Fernandez, 2007)" authorityName="Fernández & Feitosa & Lattke" authorityYear="2014" baseAuthorityName="Fernandez" baseAuthorityYear="2007" box="[275,742,1930,1956]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Kempfidris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inusualis" status="comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAC85B5DFF90791A15CDFDE8F836" box="[275,518,1930,1956]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Kempfidris inusualis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B2B5B5DFF907A1F15CDFD33F836" author="Fernandez F." box="[534,733,1930,1956]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="128 - 145" refId="ref3855" refString="Fernandez F. 2007. Two new South American species of Monomorium Mayr with taxonomic notes on the genus. In: Snelling R. R., Fisher B. L & Ward P. S. (eds) Advances in Ant Systematics (Hymenoptera: Formicidae): Homage to E. O. Wilson - 50 Years of Contributions. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 80: 128 - 145." type="journal article" year="2007">Fernández, 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23957B35B5DFF907AE715CDFC9DF836" box="[750,883,1930,1956]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, worker from Benjamin Constant, Amazon, Brazil (ICN). SEM photographs.
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAC85B5DFF907A3415EAFDBCF855" bold="true" box="[573,594,1965,1991]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">A</emphasis>
|
||
. Head in full face view.
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAC85B5DFF907B6E15EAFC95F855" bold="true" box="[871,891,1965,1991]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">B</emphasis>
|
||
. Head in dorsal oblique view.
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAC85B5DFF907CDC15EAFB04F855" bold="true" box="[1237,1258,1965,1991]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">C</emphasis>
|
||
. Mesosoma in lateral view.
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAC85B5DFF90797B1597FE69F878" bold="true" box="[370,391,2000,2026]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">D</emphasis>
|
||
. Apex of metasoma showing the cylindrical micro-pegs.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC136DA5B5AFF9678B4134CFDB7FDF0" blockId="4.[189,1399,267,540]" lastBlockId="5.[189,1399,267,611]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
The most outstanding feature of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D595B5AFF977A44134CFD20FEB7" authority="Fernández & Feitosa & Lattke, 2014" authorityName="Fernández & Feitosa & Lattke" authorityYear="2014" box="[589,718,267,293]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Kempfidris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAC85B5AFF977A44134CFD20FEB7" box="[589,718,267,293]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Kempfidris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23957B35B5AFF977AD1134BFCA9FEB4" box="[728,839,268,294]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
is the series of minute, hair-bearing tubercles or cylindrical pegs on the abdominal apex. Most are concentrated on the anteromedian portion of the pygidium and some on the posteromedian portion of abdominal tergite VI, a position that would coincide with the position of the pygidial gland, which opens between abdominal tergites VI and VII (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B2B5B5AFF977D241332FF13FE20" author="Billen B." pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="1 - 6" refId="ref3613" refString="Billen B. 2009. Diversity and morphology of exocrine glands in ants. In: Proceedings, XIX Simp osio Mirmecologia, Ouro Preto, Brasil, 17 - 21 Nov. 2009: 1 - 6." type="book chapter" year="2009">Billen 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The structure of the micropegs with their associated hairs also hints at some sort of glandular function, or possibly a mechano-reception function during stinging, but a more convincing explanation will only be possible after a histological study. Whatever the function of these tubercles, they appear to be an autapomorphic structure, absent in other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D595B5AFF977B1E1045FC48FD8E" authorityName="Lepeletier" authorityYear="1835" box="[791,934,514,540]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Myrmicinae">Myrmicinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
and probably in other ants as well. In ants, the most structurally similar cuticular projections can be found throughout most of the body of some species in the formicine genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D595B5BFF967A781368FC6BFEDB" authority="Smith, 1857" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1857" box="[625,901,302,329]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Echinopla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAC85B5BFF967A781368FD04FEDB" box="[625,746,303,329]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Echinopla</emphasis>
|
||
Smith, 1857
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, except on the pygidium, and additionally on the gastral apex of an undescribed species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D595B5BFF967B131315FBA4FEFE" authority="Smith, 1860" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1860" box="[794,1098,338,364]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Strumigenys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAC85B5BFF967B131315FC45FEFE" box="[794,939,338,364]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Strumigenys</emphasis>
|
||
Smith, 1860
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D595B5BFF967C541315FB1DFEFE" authorityName="Lepeletier" authorityYear="1835" box="[1117,1267,338,364]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Myrmicinae">Myrmicinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D595B5BFF967D0B1315FA85FEFF" authorityName="Lepeletier" authorityYear="1835" box="[1282,1387,338,365]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Dacetini">Dacetini</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Given that these aforementioned taxa are not closely related to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D595B5BFF967BB51332FBD3FE1D" authority="Fernández & Feitosa & Lattke, 2014" authorityName="Fernández & Feitosa & Lattke" authorityYear="2014" box="[956,1085,373,399]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Kempfidris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAC85B5BFF967BB51332FBD3FE1D" box="[956,1085,373,399]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Kempfidris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23957B35B5BFF967C4F1332FB58FE1D" box="[1094,1206,373,399]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, their structures are probably not homologous, but perhaps convergent evolution could be considered, especially in the case of the dacetine ant. Other specialized pygidial structures found in ants are the denticles or spines of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D595B5BFF9678E91399FE60FE6A" authorityName="Forel" authorityYear="1893" box="[224,398,478,504]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Cerapachyinae">Cerapachyinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
and the large, upward-curving teeth in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D595B5BFF967B7F1398FA98FE6B" authority="(Latreille, 1802)" baseAuthorityName="Latreille" baseAuthorityYear="1802" box="[886,1398,478,505]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pachycondyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crassinoda">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAC85B5BFF967B7F1398FB46FE6B" box="[886,1192,479,505]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Pachycondyla crassinoda</emphasis>
|
||
(Latreille, 1802)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
workers, but their position and form are very different. Most members of the solenopsidine group are smooth, with little sculpturing, but this species presents a moderate amount of sculpturing on the head, mesosoma, petiole and postpetiole.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |