344 lines
41 KiB
XML
344 lines
41 KiB
XML
<document id="5FA4A91D38C1BD573C44435544F2272B" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.197380" ID-GBIF-Dataset="623f5942-0074-4d90-b034-a0b102d5a3e6" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="197380" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460268294263" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Galea, Horia R." docDate="2010" docId="03D787AB6C1DFFFAFF62CA89AE6CBA52" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02570p040.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2570" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Dentitheca dendritica Nutting 1900" docType="treatment" docVersion="12" lastPageNumber="29" masterDocId="FFEEFFD36C06FFE6FFF5CB13AB40B875" masterDocTitle="Additional shallow-water thecate hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from Guadeloupe and Les Saintes, French Lesser Antilles" masterLastPageNumber="40" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="28" updateTime="1698246066476" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="F56A9660908E7617474CFE097EC3FA6F">Additional shallow-water thecate hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from Guadeloupe and Les Saintes, French Lesser Antilles</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="FAE65C28B2B61EE177B19732E93D573A">2010</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="7885BDCCFD0CDE9CE295F0786104EA6F">2570</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03D787AB6C1DFFFAFF62CA89AE6CBA52" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3509270" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119394430" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3509270" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D787AB6C1DFFFAFF62CA89AE6CBA52" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D787AB6C1DFFFAFF62CA89AE6CBA52" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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<subSubSection id="C36465366C1DFFFDFF62CA89AA35B9A2" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BC136BD6C1DFFFDFF62CA89A920B9C1" blockId="27.[151,608,410,471]" box="[151,608,410,436]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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<heading id="D08981D16C1DFFFDFF62CA89A920B9C1" bold="true" box="[151,608,410,436]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D3E6C1DFFFDFF62CA89A920B9C1" ID-CoL="6CKHD" authority="Nutting, 1900" authorityName="Nutting" authorityYear="1900" box="[151,608,410,436]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Dentitheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="dendritica">
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<emphasis id="B90AEAAF6C1DFFFDFF62CA89A920B9C1" bold="true" box="[151,608,410,436]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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<emphasis id="B90AEAAF6C1DFFFDFF62CA89AADCB9C1" bold="true" box="[151,412,410,436]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Dentitheca dendritica</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B4C6C1DFFFDFE5ECA89A918B9C1" author="Nutting" box="[427,600,410,436]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" refString="Nutting, C. C. (1900) American hydroids. Part I. The Plumularidae. Special Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 4 (1), 1 - 285." type="journal article" year="1900">Nutting, 1900</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC136BD6C1DFFFDFF62CAAEAA35B9A2" blockId="27.[151,608,410,471]" box="[151,373,445,471]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">(figs 1F, G; 7A–G)</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C36465366C1DFFFDFF62C91BAA33BACA" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BC136BD6C1DFFFDFF62C91BA9BABA2A" blockId="27.[151,1436,520,703]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB6E11936C1DFFFDFF62C91BA9BABA2A" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D3E6C1DFFFDFF62C91BA90ABA6A" ID-CoL="4KJHQ" authority="Nutting, 1900: 67" authorityName="Nutting" authorityPageNumber="67" authorityYear="1900" box="[151,586,520,543]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="dendritica">
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<emphasis id="B90AEAAF6C1DFFFDFF62C91BAAC4BA6A" box="[151,388,520,543]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Plumularia dendritica</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0ADF10AC6C1DFFFDFE7EC91BA90ABA6A" author="Nutting" box="[395,586,520,543]" page="67" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" year="1900">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B4C6C1DFFFDFE7EC91BA963BA6A" author="Nutting" box="[395,547,520,543]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" refString="Nutting, C. C. (1900) American hydroids. Part I. The Plumularidae. Special Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 4 (1), 1 - 285." type="journal article" year="1900">Nutting, 1900</bibRefCitation>
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: 67
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, pl. 8 figs 4–6.―
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<treatmentCitation id="0ADF10AC6C1DFFFDFCF6C91BA893BA6A" author="Jaderholm" box="[771,979,520,543]" page="8" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" year="1920">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B4C6C1DFFFDFCF6C91BA8F9BA6A" author="Jaderholm" box="[771,953,520,543]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" refString="Jaderholm, E. (1920) On some exotic hydroids in the Swedish Zoological State Museum. Arkiv for Zoologi, 13 (3), 1 - 11." type="journal article" year="1920">Jäderholm, 1920</bibRefCitation>
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: 8
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</treatmentCitation>
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.―
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<treatmentCitation id="0ADF10AC6C1DFFFDFC07C91BAFEFBA6A" author="Fraser" box="[1010,1199,520,543]" page="342" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" year="1944">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B4C6C1DFFFDFC07C91BAF3ABA6A" author="Fraser" box="[1010,1146,520,543]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" refString="Fraser, C. M. (1944) Hydroids of the Atlantic coast of North America. The University of Toronto Press, Toronto, 451 pp." type="book" year="1944">Fraser, 1944</bibRefCitation>
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: 342
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</treatmentCitation>
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, pl. 73, fig. 330. not
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<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D3E6C1DFFFDFF4AC93BAAEEBA4A" ID-CoL="4KJHQ" box="[191,430,552,575]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="dendritica">
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<emphasis id="B90AEAAF6C1DFFFDFF4AC93BAAEEBA4A" box="[191,430,552,575]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Plumularia dendritica</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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―
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<treatmentCitation id="0ADF10AC6C1DFFFDFE3DC93BA9D2BA4A" author="Nutting" box="[456,658,552,575]" page="224" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" year="1927">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B4C6C1DFFFDFE3DC93BA920BA4A" author="Nutting" box="[456,608,552,575]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" refString="Nutting, C. C. (1927) Report on the Hydroida collected by the United States Fisheries steamer " Albatross " in the Philippine region, 1907 - 1910. In: Contributions to the biology of the Philippine archipelago and adjacent regions. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 100 - 6 (3), 195 - 242." type="journal article" year="1927">Nutting, 1927</bibRefCitation>
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: 224
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</treatmentCitation>
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[=
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<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D3E6C1DFFFDFD42C93BAF07BA4A" ID-CoL="6CKHF" authority="Stechow, 1909" authorityName="Stechow" authorityYear="1909" box="[695,1095,552,575]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Dentitheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="habereri">
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||
<emphasis id="B90AEAAF6C1DFFFDFD42C93BA8CDBA4A" box="[695,909,552,575]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Dentitheca habereri</emphasis>
|
||
(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B4C6C1DFFFDFC6EC93BAF7FBA4A" author="Stechow" box="[923,1087,552,575]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" refString="Stechow, E. (1909) Hydroidpolypen der japanischen Ostkuste. I. Teil: Athecata und Plumularidae. Abhandlungen der Koniglich Bayrischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Supplementband zu den Abhandlungen der Mathematischnaturwissenschaftlichen Klasse, 1 (6), 1 - 111." type="journal article" year="1909">Stechow, 1909</bibRefCitation>
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||
)
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
].
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<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D3E6C1DFFFDFF62C95BAAC0BA2A" ID-CoL="6CKHD" box="[151,384,584,607]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Dentitheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="dendritica">
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||
<emphasis id="B90AEAAF6C1DFFFDFF62C95BAAC0BA2A" box="[151,384,584,607]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Dentitheca dendritica</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
―
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<treatmentCitation id="0ADF10AC6C1DFFFDFE6EC95BA9B6BA2A" author="Calder" box="[411,758,584,607]" page="482" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" year="2005">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B4C6C1DFFFDFE6EC95BA981BA2A" author="Calder" box="[411,705,584,607]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" refString="Calder, D. R. & Kirkendale, L. (2005) Hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from shallow-water environments along the Caribbean coast of Panama. Caribbean Journal of Science, 41 (3): 476 - 491." type="journal article" year="2005">Calder & Kirkendale, 2005</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 482
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BC136BD6C1DFFFDFF62C97BAA33BACA" blockId="27.[151,1436,520,703]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB6E11936C1DFFFDFF62C97BAA33BACA" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D3E6C1DFFFDFF62C97BA924BA0A" ID-CoL="4YQ5W" authority="Fraser, 1943: 85" authorityName="Fraser" authorityPageNumber="85" authorityYear="1943" box="[151,612,616,639]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Sphaerocystis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="heteronema">
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||
<emphasis id="B90AEAAF6C1DFFFDFF62C97BAAEEBA0A" box="[151,430,616,639]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Sphaerocystis heteronema</emphasis>
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0ADF10AC6C1DFFFDFE41C97BA924BA0A" author="Fraser" box="[436,612,616,639]" page="85" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" year="1943">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B4C6C1DFFFDFE41C97BA97CBA0A" author="Fraser" box="[436,572,616,639]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" refString="* Fraser, C. M. (1943) Distribution records of some hydroids in the collections of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, with description of new genera and new species. Proceedings of the New England Zoological Club, 22, 75 - 98." type="journal article" year="1943">Fraser, 1943</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 85
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
.―
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<treatmentCitation id="0ADF10AC6C1DFFFDFD77C97BA87FBA0A" author="Fraser" box="[642,831,616,639]" page="359" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" year="1944">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B4C6C1DFFFDFD77C97BA84ABA0A" author="Fraser" box="[642,778,616,639]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" refString="Fraser, C. M. (1944) Hydroids of the Atlantic coast of North America. The University of Toronto Press, Toronto, 451 pp." type="book" year="1944">Fraser, 1944</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 359
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
, pl. 78 fig. 350.
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<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D3E6C1DFFFDFF62C99BAA3ABAEA" ID-CoL="4KJJN" box="[151,378,648,671]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="habereri">
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||
<emphasis id="B90AEAAF6C1DFFFDFF62C99BAA3ABAEA" box="[151,378,648,671]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Plumularia habereri</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
―
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<treatmentCitation id="0ADF10AC6C1DFFFDFE61C99BA87CBAEA" author="Van" box="[404,828,648,671]" page="60" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" year="1965">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B4C6C1DFFFDFE61C99BA84DBAEA" author="Van" box="[404,781,648,671]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" refString="Van Gemerden-Hoogeveen, G. C. H. (1965) Hydroids of the Caribbean: Sertulariidae, Plumulariidae and Aglaopheniidae. Studies on the fauna of Curacao and other Caribbean Islands, 84, 1 - 87." type="journal article" year="1965">Van Gemerden-Hoogeveen, 1965</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 60
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
, figs 34–36 [not
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAAF6C1DFFFDFBE4C99BAE72BAEA" box="[1041,1330,648,671]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D3E6C1DFFFDFBE4C99BAFCABAEA" ID-CoL="7PT8R" box="[1041,1162,648,671]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Plumularia</taxonomicName>
|
||
(=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D3E6C1DFFFDFB44C99BAE6ABAEA" ID-CoL="7NVS3" box="[1201,1322,648,671]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Dentitheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Dentitheca</taxonomicName>
|
||
)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D3E6C1DFFFDFAB4C99BAA29BACA" ID-CoL="4KJJN" authority="Stechow, 1909" authorityName="Stechow" authorityYear="1909" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="habereri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAAF6C1DFFFDFAB4C99BAEDCBAEA" box="[1345,1436,648,671]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">habereri</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B4C6C1DFFFDFF32C9BBAA29BACA" author="Stechow" box="[199,361,680,703]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" refString="Stechow, E. (1909) Hydroidpolypen der japanischen Ostkuste. I. Teil: Athecata und Plumularidae. Abhandlungen der Koniglich Bayrischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Supplementband zu den Abhandlungen der Mathematischnaturwissenschaftlichen Klasse, 1 (6), 1 - 111." type="journal article" year="1909">Stechow, 1909</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
].
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36465366C1DFFFDFF62C9FEAFBCBBB7" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC136BD6C1DFFFDFF62C9FEAFBCBBB7" blockId="27.[151,1438,749,2010]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAAF6C1DFFFDFF62C9FEAAC3BB72" bold="true" box="[151,387,749,775]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Material examined</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAAF6C1DFFFDFE7EC9FEAA89BB72" bold="true" box="[395,457,749,775]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Stn.8</emphasis>
|
||
: 0
|
||
<date id="FFC0107D6C1DFFFDFE1EC9FEA923BB72" box="[491,611,749,775]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="2009-05-12">5.12.2009</date>
|
||
, 17 m—two sterile colonies 37 and
|
||
<quantity id="4C869B586C1DFFFDFBEBC9FEAF2ABB72" box="[1054,1130,749,775]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="cm" value="45.0">45 cm</quantity>
|
||
high, respectively, partly covered with zoanthids, growing upright through sand of sea bottom (MNHN-IK.2009-812).
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAAF6C1DFFFDFAB5C801AED2BB59" bold="true" box="[1344,1426,786,812]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Stn.12</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<date id="FFC0107D6C1DFFFDFF62C82BAA5CBB27" box="[151,284,824,850]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="2009-11-30">30.11.2009</date>
|
||
, 12–17 m—a single, sterile,
|
||
<quantity id="4C869B586C1DFFFDFD9EC82BA9F3BB27" box="[619,691,824,850]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="cm" value="16.0">16 cm</quantity>
|
||
high colony, from sediment bottom.
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAAF6C1DFFFDFB91C824AFF0BB24" bold="true" box="[1124,1200,823,849]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Stn.14</emphasis>
|
||
: 0
|
||
<date id="FFC0107D6C1DFFFDFB3AC82BAE07BB27" box="[1231,1351,824,850]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="2009-01-12">1.12.2009</date>
|
||
, 15–25 m—a
|
||
<quantity id="4C869B586C1DFFFDFF14C84EAA6BBB02" box="[225,299,861,887]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="cm" value="35.0">35 cm</quantity>
|
||
high colony and four fragments,
|
||
<quantity id="4C869B586C1DFFFDFD4BC84EA813BB02" box="[702,851,861,887]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.95" metricValueMax="16.5" metricValueMin="3.4" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="cm" value="9.95" valueMax="16.5" valueMin="3.4">3.4–16.5 cm</quantity>
|
||
high, detached from sediment bottom, all sterile and partly covered with zoanthids (MHNG-INVE-68731).
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAAF6C1DFFFDFCBBC891A8DABBE9" bold="true" box="[846,922,898,924]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Stn.20</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<date id="FFC0107D6C1DFFFDFC5EC891AF71BBE9" box="[939,1073,898,924]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="2009-11-26">26.11.2009</date>
|
||
, 20 m—four sterile fragments, 6.0–
|
||
<quantity id="4C869B586C1DFFFDFF39C8BBAA69BBB7" box="[204,297,936,962]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="cm" value="13.5">13.5 cm</quantity>
|
||
high, from large colonies, partly invested by two zoanthids, from sediment bottom.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36465366C1DFFFDFF30C8DEAE1CBE82" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC136BD6C1DFFFDFF30C8DEAE1CBE82" blockId="27.[151,1438,749,2010]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAAF6C1DFFFDFF30C8DEAA16BB92" bold="true" box="[197,342,973,999]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Description</emphasis>
|
||
. Large, fan-shaped (to
|
||
<quantity id="4C869B586C1DFFFDFD9DC8DEA9F1BB92" box="[616,689,973,999]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="cm" value="45.0">45 cm</quantity>
|
||
high and
|
||
<quantity id="4C869B586C1DFFFDFCD3C8DEA82FBB92" box="[806,879,973,999]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="cm" value="20.0">20 cm</quantity>
|
||
wide) colonies, arising from thick matted rootlike hydrorhizal fibers interwoven with sand. Perisarc brown. Stems woody, to
|
||
<quantity id="4C869B586C1DFFFDFBDAC8E1AF32BC79" box="[1071,1138,1010,1036]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
|
||
thick at base, comprising a thightly-packed mass of thin, parallel tubes; irregularly branched, mainly in one plane or nearly so. Main stem and first order branches bearing irregular to pinnately-arranged, less polysiphonic branchlets (1.5–9.0 cm long), all carrying regularly-spaced, monosiphonic, alternate hydrocladia. Auxilliary tubes in polysiphonic parts of colonies devoid of hydrothecae, but carrying bithalamic nematothecae, often broken off (fig. 7A). Main tube occasionally divided into internodes by weak transverse nodes, often indistinct (fig. 7B). Internodes bearing alternate apophyses supporting cladia, and a lateral nematotheca above each apophysis (fig. 7B). Apophyses prominent, ending in distal, oblique node; each carrying two axillar, bithalamic nematothecae (one anterior, the other posterior), and a mamelon ending in a cone-shaped nematotheca (fig. 7C). Hydrocladia homomerously segmented into hydrothecate internodes separated by oblique nodes. Each internode with a centrally-placed hydrotheca, and three nematothecae, one mesial and a pair of laterals. Hydrotheca tubular, entirely adnate, abcauline side straight to slightly convex, slightly everted at rim. Margin of hydrotheca flanked by two conspicuous lateral processes, triangular in shape, with rounded tips. Mesial and lateral nematothecae borne on conspicuous apophyses; all nematothecae bithalamic and movable; mesial one not reaching hydrothecal base and having the adaxial wall of the upper chamber lowered; laterals slightly surpassing the tips of lateral projection of the rim, with incised adaxial wall of both upper and lower chambers. There is an internal, rounded, plate-like perisarc cusp projecting into the hydrothecal cavity at level, and between the apophyses supporting the lateral nematothecae (fig. 7D, E). The internode has up to seven internal ridges of perisarc (fig. 7E): one above the proximal node, another above the process carrying the mesial nematotheca, one at the angle formed by the base and the adcauline wall of hydrotheca (may be absent), three on back side of the adcauline wall, and one just below the distal node. Gonothecae absent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36465366C1DFFFAFF30CC11AE6CBA52" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC136BD6C1DFFFDFF30CC11A8BCBF1F" blockId="27.[151,1438,749,2010]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAAF6C1DFFFDFF30CC11AA00BF69" bold="true" box="[197,320,1794,1820]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B4C6C1DFFFDFEA6CC11A955BF69" author="Nutting" box="[339,533,1794,1820]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" refString="Nutting, C. C. (1900) American hydroids. Part I. The Plumularidae. Special Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 4 (1), 1 - 285." type="journal article" year="1900">Nutting (1900)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
mentioned large colonies (to
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAAF6C1DFFFDFC6ACC10A8FDBF69" box="[927,957,1795,1820]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">ca</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<quantity id="4C869B586C1DFFFDFC3ACC11AF65BF69" box="[975,1061,1794,1820]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="cm" value="45.0">45 cm</quantity>
|
||
), with very thick (
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAAF6C1DFFFDFAECCC10AE77BF69" box="[1305,1335,1795,1820]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">ca</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<quantity id="4C869B586C1DFFFDFABCCC11AECFBF69" box="[1353,1423,1794,1820]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="cm" value="1.0">1 cm</quantity>
|
||
), polysiphonic stems, and side branches of up to 6th order. One colony in the present material is comparable in size with Nutting’s material, but only second order branches were formed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC136BD6C1DFFFDFF30CC66AEDCBFAF" blockId="27.[151,1438,749,2010]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
Based on the monograph by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B4C6C1DFFFDFDB5CC66A9B7BFFA" author="Fraser" box="[576,759,1909,1935]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" refString="Fraser, C. M. (1944) Hydroids of the Atlantic coast of North America. The University of Toronto Press, Toronto, 451 pp." type="book" year="1944">Fraser (1944)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D3E6C1DFFFDFCF0CC65AE4BBFFA" authority="Fraser, 1943" authorityName="Fraser" authorityYear="1943" box="[773,1291,1909,1935]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Sphaerocystis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="heteronema">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAAF6C1DFFFDFCF0CC65AF1DBFFA" box="[773,1117,1910,1935]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Sphaerocystis heteronema</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B4C6C1DFFFDFB93CC66AE4BBFFA" author="Fraser" box="[1126,1291,1909,1935]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" refString="* Fraser, C. M. (1943) Distribution records of some hydroids in the collections of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, with description of new genera and new species. Proceedings of the New England Zoological Club, 22, 75 - 98." type="journal article" year="1943">Fraser, 1943</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
appears as morphologically indistinguishable from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D3E6C1DFFFDFD63CC88A800BFC1" box="[662,832,1947,1972]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Dentitheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="dendritica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAAF6C1DFFFDFD63CC88A800BFC1" box="[662,832,1947,1972]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">D. dendritica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Although it is mostly unrecognizable from the description provided, it can be confidently assigned to the present species based on the accompanying figures.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC136BD6C1AFFFAFF30CB8BA9C1B932" blockId="28.[151,1437,152,551]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
The gonothecae have never been found in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D3E6C1AFFFAFD40CB8BA812B8C4" box="[693,850,152,177]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Dentitheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="dendritica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAAF6C1AFFFAFD40CB8BA812B8C4" box="[693,850,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">D. dendritica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
since its original description, but are known in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D3E6C1AFFFAFA8ACB8BAA36B8A2" authority="Bale, 1888" authorityName="Bale" authorityYear="1888" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Dentitheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="alata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAAF6C1AFFFAFA8ACB8BAB95B8A3" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">D. alata</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B4C6C1AFFFAFF12CBAEAA2EB8A2" author="Bale" box="[231,366,189,215]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refString="Bale, W. M. (1888) On some new and rare Hydroida in the Australian Museum collection. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, 2 (3) 2, 745 - 799." type="journal article" year="1888">Bale, 1888</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B4C6C1AFFFAFE4DCBAEA91AB8A2" author="Watson" box="[440,602,189,215]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refString="Watson, J. E. (1997) The hydroid fauna of the Houtman Abrolhos Islands, Western Australia. In: Wells, F. E. (Ed) The Marine Flora and Fauna of the Houtman Abrolhos Islands, Western Australia. Western Australian Museum, Perth, pp. 503 - 546." type="book chapter" year="1997">Watson 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D3E6C1AFFFAFD84CBAEA895B8A2" authority="Bale, 1914" authorityName="Bale" authorityYear="1914" box="[625,981,189,215]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Dentitheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="asymmetrica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAAF6C1AFFFAFD84CBAEA871B8A3" box="[625,817,189,214]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">D. asymmetrica</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B4C6C1AFFFAFCB6CBAEA88CB8A2" author="Bale" box="[835,972,189,215]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refString="Bale, W. M. (1914) Report on the Hydroida collected in the Great Australian Bight and other localities. Part I. Fisheries. Zoological (and Biological) Results of the Fishing Experiments carried out by F. I. S. " Endeavour ", 1909 - 1914, 2 (1): 1 - 62." type="journal article" year="1914">Bale, 1914</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D3E6C1AFFFAFC16CBAEAE23B8A2" authority="Jaderholm, 1920" authorityName="Jaderholm" authorityYear="1920" box="[995,1379,189,215]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulariidae" genus="Obelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="bidentata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAAF6C1AFFFAFC16CBAEAF3BB8A3" box="[995,1147,189,214]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">D. bidentata</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B4C6C1AFFFAFB79CBAEAE1AB8A2" author="Jaderholm" box="[1164,1370,189,215]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refString="Jaderholm, E. (1920) On some exotic hydroids in the Swedish Zoological State Museum. Arkiv for Zoologi, 13 (3), 1 - 11." type="journal article" year="1920">Jäderholm, 1920</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B4C6C1AFFFAFF62CBF1AA9DB889" author="Migotto" box="[151,477,226,252]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refString="Migotto, A. E. & Marques, A. C. (1999) Redescription of Dentitheca bidentata (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa, Plumulariidae), with notes on its life cycle. Journal of Natural History, 33, 949 - 960." type="journal article" year="1999">Migotto & Marques 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D3E6C1AFFFAFE01CBF1A81BB889" authority="Stechow, 1909" authorityName="Stechow" authorityYear="1909" box="[500,859,226,252]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="habereri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAAF6C1AFFFAFE01CBF1A9C6B88E" box="[500,646,226,251]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">D. habereri</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B4C6C1AFFFAFD63CBF1A812B889" author="Stechow" box="[662,850,226,252]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refString="Stechow, E. (1909) Hydroidpolypen der japanischen Ostkuste. I. Teil: Athecata und Plumularidae. Abhandlungen der Koniglich Bayrischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Supplementband zu den Abhandlungen der Mathematischnaturwissenschaftlichen Klasse, 1 (6), 1 - 111." type="journal article" year="1909">Stechow, 1909</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B4C6C1AFFFAFC6ACBF1AF81B889" author="Di" box="[927,1217,226,252]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refString="Di Camillo, C. G., Bo, M., Puce, S. & Bavestrello, G. (2010) Association between Dentitheca habereri (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) and two zoanthids. Italian Journal of Zoology, 77 (1), 81 - 91." type="journal article" year="2010">
|
||
Di Camillo
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAAF6C1AFFFAFBC1CBF1AF2CB88E" box="[1076,1132,226,251]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2010
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D3E6C1AFFFAFAF8CBF1AA20B957" authority="Stechow, 1907" authorityName="Stechow" authorityYear="1907" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Dentitheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="hertwigi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAAF6C1AFFFAFAF8CBF1AEDDB88E" box="[1293,1437,226,251]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">D. hertwigi</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B4C6C1AFFFAFF6ACA1BAA17B957" author="Stechow" box="[159,343,264,290]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refString="Stechow, E. (1907) Neue japanische Athecata und Plumularidae aus der Sammlung Dr. Doflein. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 32, 192 - 200." type="journal article" year="1907">Stechow, 1907</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see Hirohito 1995). The dispersive stage, a medusoid, is well documented solely in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D3E6C1AFFFAFA8ACA1BAA46B933" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulariidae" genus="Obelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="bidentata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAAF6C1AFFFAFA8ACA1BAA46B933" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">D. bidentata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B4C6C1AFFFAFEB6CA3EA934B932" author="Migotto" box="[323,628,301,327]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refString="Migotto, A. E. & Marques, A. C. (1999) Redescription of Dentitheca bidentata (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa, Plumulariidae), with notes on its life cycle. Journal of Natural History, 33, 949 - 960." type="journal article" year="1999">Migotto & Marques 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC136BD6C1AFFFAFF30CA41AE4CB9E7" blockId="28.[151,1437,152,551]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
Symbiotic association between zoanthids and species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D3E6C1AFFFAFC80CA41A8B9B91E" box="[885,1017,338,363]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Dentitheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAAF6C1AFFFAFC80CA41A8B9B91E" box="[885,1017,338,363]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Dentitheca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were reported for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D3E6C1AFFFAFB28CA41AEDDB91E" box="[1245,1437,338,363]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Dentitheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="asymmetrica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAAF6C1AFFFAFB28CA41AEDDB91E" box="[1245,1437,338,363]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">D. asymmetrica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B4C6C1AFFFAFF38CA6BAA2BB9E7" author="Watson" box="[205,363,376,402]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refString="Watson, J. E. (2005) Hydroids of the Archipelago of the Recherche and Esperance, Western Australia: annotated list, redescription of species and description of new species. In: Wells, F. E., Walker, D. I. & Kendrick, G. (Eds.), The Marine Flora and fauna of Esperance, Western Australia. Western Australian Museum, Perth, pp. 495 - 611." type="book chapter" year="2005">Watson 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D3E6C1AFFFAFE8ACA6BA95BB9E4" box="[383,539,376,401]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Dentitheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="dendritica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAAF6C1AFFFAFE8ACA6BA95BB9E4" box="[383,539,376,401]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">D. dendritica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B4C6C1AFFFAFDACCA6BA9A8B9E7" author="Swain" box="[601,744,376,402]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refString="Swain, T. D. (2009) Isozoanthus antumbrosus, a new species of zoanthid (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Zoanthidea) symbiotic with Hydrozoa from the Caribbean, with a key to hydroid and sponge-symbiotic zoanthid species. Zootaxa, 2051, 41 - 48." type="journal article" year="2009">Swain 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D3E6C1AFFFAFCDBCA6BA8F6B9E4" box="[814,950,376,401]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="habereri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAAF6C1AFFFAFCDBCA6BA8F6B9E4" box="[814,950,376,401]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">D. habereri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B4C6C1AFFFAFC01CA6BAFBFB9E7" author="Di" box="[1012,1279,376,402]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refString="Di Camillo, C. G., Bo, M., Puce, S. & Bavestrello, G. (2010) Association between Dentitheca habereri (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) and two zoanthids. Italian Journal of Zoology, 77 (1), 81 - 91." type="journal article" year="2010">
|
||
Di Camillo
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAAF6C1AFFFAFB8BCA6BAFF1B9E4" box="[1150,1201,376,401]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2010
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC136BD6C1AFFFAFF30CA8EA870BA77" blockId="28.[151,1437,152,551]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAAF6C1AFFFAFF30CA8EAA87B9C2" bold="true" box="[197,455,413,439]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Caribbean records</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F369762D6C1AFFFAFE2CCA8EA90AB9C2" box="[473,586,413,439]" name="Anguilla" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Anguilla</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B4C6C1AFFFAFDA9CA8EA873B9C2" author="Jaderholm" box="[604,819,413,439]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refString="Jaderholm, E. (1920) On some exotic hydroids in the Swedish Zoological State Museum. Arkiv for Zoologi, 13 (3), 1 - 11." type="journal article" year="1920">Jäderholm 1920</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F369762D6C1AFFFAFCBECA8EA8F6B9C2" box="[843,950,413,439]" name="Curaçao" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Curaçao</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B4C6C1AFFFAFC32CA8EAE33B9C2" author="Van" box="[967,1395,413,439]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refString="Van Gemerden-Hoogeveen, G. C. H. (1965) Hydroids of the Caribbean: Sertulariidae, Plumulariidae and Aglaopheniidae. Studies on the fauna of Curacao and other Caribbean Islands, 84, 1 - 87." type="journal article" year="1965">Van Gemerden-Hoogeveen 1965</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D3E6C1AFFFAFF62CAD1AAD9B9AE" box="[151,409,450,475]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="habereri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAAF6C1AFFFAFF62CAD1AAD9B9AE" box="[151,409,450,475]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Plumularia habereri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F369762D6C1AFFFAFE41CAD1A96EB9A9" box="[436,558,450,476]" name="Colombia" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B4C6C1AFFFAFDB5CAD1A81AB9A9" author="Florez" box="[576,858,450,476]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refString="* Florez Gonzalez, L. (1983) Inventario preliminar de la fauna hydroide de la Bahia de Cartagena y areas adyacentes. Boletin del Museo del Mar, Bogota, 11, 112 - 140." type="journal article" year="1983">Flórez González 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B4C6C1AFFFAFC9DCAD1AFCDB9A9" author="Bandel" box="[872,1165,450,476]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refString="* Bandel, K. & Wedler, E. (1987) Hydroid, amphineuran and gastropod zonation in the littoral of the Caribbean Sea, Colombia. Senckenbergiana Maritima, 19, 1 - 129." type="journal article" year="1987">Bandel & Wedler 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, both as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D3E6C1AFFFAFB0ACAD1AECAB9AE" box="[1279,1418,450,475]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="habereri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAAF6C1AFFFAFB0ACAD1AECAB9AE" box="[1279,1418,450,475]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">P. habereri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), Caribbean coast of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F369762D6C1AFFFAFE8FCAFBAA97BA77" box="[378,471,488,514]" name="Panama" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Panama</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B4C6C1AFFFAFE10CAFBA863BA77" author="Calder" box="[485,803,488,514]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refString="Calder, D. R. & Kirkendale, L. (2005) Hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from shallow-water environments along the Caribbean coast of Panama. Caribbean Journal of Science, 41 (3): 476 - 491." type="journal article" year="2005">Calder & Kirkendale 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC136BD6C1AFFFAFF30C91EAE6CBA52" blockId="28.[151,1437,152,551]" box="[197,1324,525,551]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAAF6C1AFFFAFF30C91EAAF0BA52" bold="true" box="[197,432,525,551]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">World distribution</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F369762D6C1AFFFAFE4AC91EA96BBA52" box="[447,555,525,551]" name="Bahamas" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Bahamas</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B4C6C1AFFFAFDCCC91EA99ABA52" author="Nutting" box="[569,730,525,551]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refString="Nutting, C. C. (1900) American hydroids. Part I. The Plumularidae. Special Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 4 (1), 1 - 285." type="journal article" year="1900">Nutting 1900</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B4C6C1AFFFAFD13C91EA834BA52" author="Fraser" box="[742,884,525,551]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refString="* Fraser, C. M. (1943) Distribution records of some hydroids in the collections of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, with description of new genera and new species. Proceedings of the New England Zoological Club, 22, 75 - 98." type="journal article" year="1943">Fraser 1943</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEF4B4C6C1AFFFAFC75C91EA8FDBA52" author="Fraser" box="[896,957,525,551]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refString="Fraser, C. M. (1944) Hydroids of the Atlantic coast of North America. The University of Toronto Press, Toronto, 451 pp." type="book" year="1944">1944</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7E4D3E6C1AFFFAFC1CC91EAE5BBA53" box="[1001,1307,525,550]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Sphaerocystis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="heteronema">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90AEAAF6C1AFFFAFC1CC91EAE5BBA53" box="[1001,1307,525,550]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Sphaerocystis heteronema</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |