259 lines
33 KiB
XML
259 lines
33 KiB
XML
<document id="0AB438B26D52ABE6CDB073669E60AE86" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4103.5.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="115d177c-b34a-4062-b3d5-8f0ee0374e61" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="267788" ID-ZooBank="4511286D-451E-4C2B-9CE3-5D7621E7DEDF" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460700639393" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Menezes, Isis Sá & Ale-Rocha, Rosaly" docDate="2016" docId="03CD87D99E3C3A396DCB2875FC3E52B8" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4103.5.1.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4103 (5)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Syneches manaos Smith" docType="treatment" docVersion="18" lastPageNumber="423" masterDocId="FFF4FFA19E293A2F6D5C2D7EFFE8555A" masterDocTitle="Revision of the Amazonian species of Syneches Walker (Diptera, Hybotidae, Hybotinae)" masterLastPageNumber="442" masterPageNumber="401" pageNumber="422" updateTime="1698354491535" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="94C672D843C084084E616DFF7470D60B">
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<mods:title id="3B95654A41A1577FCE7531F53347106F">Revision of the Amazonian species of Syneches Walker (Diptera, Hybotidae, Hybotinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="E4FE08CCB3B1B544B94ADAE95351F4AD">Menezes, Isis Sá</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="2A3CCBB3A221D378AAD824F5F7635FBE">Ale-Rocha, Rosaly</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="BE2D8788D98DEFD7997986BB6303FFF0">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="EB29888F07C50A14370D0A40359C22D7">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="C71C67C91409E52C905F3823124AD0B3">
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<mods:date id="1777312B98E078A726519C67F07727C1">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="88BD69AE748954C7A76F1BCBFB722197">4103</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="A981516BF1385BAFD28139A8B4D46ACB">5</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03CD87D99E3C3A396DCB2875FC3E52B8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6088598" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119583304" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6088598" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CD87D99E3C3A396DCB2875FC3E52B8" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CD87D99E3C3A396DCB2875FC3E52B8" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="423" pageId="21" pageNumber="422">
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<subSubSection id="C37E65449E3C3A3A6DCB2875FE7C501C" pageId="21" pageNumber="422" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BDB36CF9E3C3A3A6DCB2875FE57507F" blockId="21.[151,447,1291,1350]" box="[151,447,1291,1317]" pageId="21" pageNumber="422">
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<heading id="D09381A39E3C3A3A6DCB2875FE57507F" bold="true" box="[151,447,1291,1317]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="422" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C644D4C9E3C3A3A6DCB2875FE57507F" ID-CoL="53VQK" authority="Smith" authorityName="Smith" box="[151,447,1291,1317]" class="Insecta" family="Hybotidae" genus="Syneches" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="422" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manaos">
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<emphasis id="B910EADD9E3C3A3A6DCB2875FE57507F" bold="true" box="[151,447,1291,1317]" pageId="21" pageNumber="422">
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<emphasis id="B910EADD9E3C3A3A6DCB2875FE84507F" bold="true" box="[151,364,1291,1317]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="422">Syneches manaos</emphasis>
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Smith
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BDB36CF9E3C3A3A6DCB2853FE7C501C" blockId="21.[151,447,1291,1350]" box="[151,404,1325,1350]" pageId="21" pageNumber="422">
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(
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<figureCitation id="135F2A4A9E3C3A3A6DC32853FEC8501C" box="[159,288,1325,1350]" captionStart="FIGURES 66 – 72" captionStartId="23.[151,264,1024,1047]" captionTargetBox="[346,1242,213,981]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[340,1247,193,1003]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURES 66 – 72. Syneches manaos Smith, 1962. Male terminalia: 66, epandrium, cerci and hypoproct (dorsal view); 67, hypandrium, postgonite and phallus (ventral view); 68, left epandrail lamella (lateral view); 69, tergite 8; 70, sternite 8. Female terminalia: 71, ventral view; 72, dorsal view. Scale = 0.2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/267800/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="422">Figs 66–72</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="135F2A4A9E3C3A3A6C772850FEBD501C" box="[299,341,1326,1350]" captionStart="FIGURES 103 – 117" captionStartId="35.[151,264,1650,1673]" captionTargetBox="[356,1227,206,1582]" captionTargetId="figure@35.[340,1247,193,1629]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURES 103 – 117. Wings of Amazonian species of Syneches: 103, S. amazonicus sp. nov.; 104, S. angulatus sp. nov.; 105, S. applanatus sp. nov.; 106, S. bilobatus sp. nov.; 107, S. curvipes; 108, S. equatoriensis sp. nov.; 109, S. exilis sp. nov.; 110, S. maculosum sp. nov.; 111, S. manaos; 112, S. moraballi; 113, S. striatus sp. nov.; 114, S. tenebricus sp. nov.; 115, S. walkeri; 116, S. sp. 1; 117, S. sp. 2. Scale = 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/267806/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="422">111</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="135F2A4A9E3C3A3A6C3D2850FE64501C" box="[353,396,1326,1350]" captionStart="FIGURE 120" captionStartId="37.[151,250,1667,1689]" captionTargetBox="[356,1238,981,1594]" captionTargetId="figure@37.[340,1247,965,1645]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIGURE 120. Geographical distribution of S. longiflagellatus, S. maculosum, S. manaos and S. obeliscus in Amazon." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/267809/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="422">120</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37E65449E3C3A3A6DCB280BFEC350F0" pageId="21" pageNumber="422" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BDB36CF9E3C3A3A6DCB280BFEC350F0" blockId="21.[151,1436,1397,1450]" pageId="21" pageNumber="422">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7411E19E3C3A3A6DCB280BFEC350F0" pageId="21" pageNumber="422">
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<taxonomicName id="4C644D4C9E3C3A3A6DCB280BFDE250D1" ID-CoL="53VQK" authority="Smith, 1962: 215" authorityName="Smith" authorityPageNumber="215" authorityYear="1962" box="[151,522,1397,1420]" class="Insecta" family="Hybotidae" genus="Syneches" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="422" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manaos">
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<emphasis id="B910EADD9E3C3A3A6DCB280BFEA050D6" box="[151,328,1397,1420]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="422">Syneches manaos</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0AC510DE9E3C3A3A6C0D280BFDE250D1" author="Smith" box="[337,522,1397,1419]" page="215" pageId="21" pageNumber="422" year="1962">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF54B3E9E3C3A3A6C0D280BFE3B50D1" author="Smith" box="[337,467,1397,1419]" pageId="21" pageNumber="422" refString="Smith, K. G. V. (1962) Studies on the Brazilian Empididae (Diptera). Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society of London, 114 (7), 195 - 266. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 2311.1962. tb 01079. x" type="journal article" year="1962">Smith, 1962</bibRefCitation>
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: 215
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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; 1967: 10 (catalog); Yang
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<emphasis id="B910EADD9E3C3A3A6E752809FC8850D1" box="[809,864,1397,1420]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="422">et al.</emphasis>
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, 2007: 311 (catalog);
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<treatmentCitation id="0AC510DE9E3C3A3A6913280BFA7450D1" author="Ale-Rocha" box="[1103,1436,1397,1419]" page="118" pageId="21" pageNumber="422" year="2008">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF54B3E9E3C3A3A6913280BFA8150D1" author="Ale-Rocha" box="[1103,1385,1397,1419]" pageId="21" pageNumber="422" refString="Ale-Rocha, R. & Vieira, R. M. (2008) Hybotinae (Diptera, Hybotidae) do Parque Nacional do Jau, Amazonas, Brasil, com descricao de cinco especies novas de Syneches Walker. Acta Amazonica, 38 (1), 113 - 126. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0044 - 59672008000100013" type="journal article" year="2008">Ale-Rocha & Vieira, 2008</bibRefCitation>
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: 118
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</treatmentCitation>
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(citation).
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37E65449E3C3A396DCB28A9FCB651F9" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="423" pageId="21" pageNumber="422" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BDB36CF9E3C3A3A6DCB28A9FE0E5391" blockId="21.[151,1436,1495,2027]" pageId="21" pageNumber="422">
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<emphasis id="B910EADD9E3C3A3A6DCB28A9FEEF50AA" bold="true" box="[151,263,1495,1520]" pageId="21" pageNumber="422">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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. Ocellar triangle flat. Antenna dark brown. Postcranium dark brown with rough and dense grey pruinescence, absent on postocellar sclerite; palpus light brown. Pleura brown. Abdomen dark brown, with long and abundant setae, which are waved on tergites 7 and 8. Legs elongate with hind femur enlarged; yellow, except coxae, trochanters and tarsomeres 5 brown; fore and mid femora dark yellow, hind femur and apical 2/3 of hind tibia dark brown. Wing hyaline with light brown infuscation between r-m and bifurcation of Rs, and on apical margin; pterostigma brown, large, quadrangular, filling cell r1; vein R2+3 abruptly folded toward costa, reaching margin of wing at right angle.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BDB36CF9E3C3A396D9B2BABFCB651F9" blockId="21.[151,1436,1495,2027]" lastBlockId="22.[151,1437,151,2018]" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="423" pageId="21" pageNumber="422">
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<emphasis id="B910EADD9E3C3A3A6D9B2BABFE9F53B4" bold="true" box="[199,375,1749,1774]" pageId="21" pageNumber="422">Re-description</emphasis>
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.
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<typeStatus id="54DF886D9E3C3A3A6CDB2BABFE1C53B4" box="[391,500,1749,1774]" pageId="21" pageNumber="422" type="holotype">
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<emphasis id="B910EADD9E3C3A3A6CDB2BABFE1C53B4" bold="true" box="[391,500,1749,1774]" pageId="21" pageNumber="422">Holotype</emphasis>
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</typeStatus>
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♂. Body: 4.0 mm. Wing: 3.0 mm.
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<emphasis id="B910EADD9E3C3A3A6ECE2BABFC3953B4" bold="true" box="[914,977,1749,1774]" pageId="21" pageNumber="422">Head</emphasis>
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. Ocellar triangle flat. Face dark brown, with grey pruinescence. Antenna dark brown with short brown setulae; pedicel with elongate marginal setae reaching beyond half-length of postpedicel; postpedicel small, slightly longer than length of scape and pedicel combined, ovate, 1.6 times longer than wide, with 1 long dorsal sub-basal seta, longer than length of postpedicel; stylus about three times length of antenna, bare on distal 1/3. Proboscis yellow; palpus long, about 1/2 length of proboscis, light brown with short, dense and brown setulae, 1 apical and 1 sub-basal ventral long seta.
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<emphasis id="B910EADD9E3C3A3A68602AF4FA7D52F9" bold="true" box="[1340,1429,1930,1955]" pageId="21" pageNumber="422">Thorax</emphasis>
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. Prosternum narrow. Pronotum with uniseriated, short, slender and brown marginal setae. Scutum high, same height as mesopleuron and rounded; dark brown, with pale golden, dense pruinescence, posterior margin of postpronotal lobe and postalar callus light brown; setae brown, sparse, moderately long, longer on prescutellar disc; 4 series of acrostichal setae and 1 dorsocentral series; scutellum dark brown. Pleura brown with brown pruinescence. Chaetotaxy: 1 acr slightly longer than covering setae and 1 dc long and robust on prescutellar disc; 2 npl long and robust widely separated; 2 pal, posterior long and strong and anterior short and weak; scutellum with 1 pair of long and robust, subapical parallel setae, 1 apical weak pair with about 1/2 length of subapical pair and 4 weak lateral setae about 2/3 length of apical pair.
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<emphasis id="B910EADD9E3F3A396F162C32FD6A543F" bold="true" box="[586,642,332,357]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Legs</emphasis>
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. Elongate with femora enlarged, hind femur more robust; hind tibia slightly dilated; hind tarsomere 1 enlarged. Yellow, except coxae, trochanters and tarsomeres 5 brown; fore and mid femora dark yellow; hind femur and apical 2/3 of hind tibia dark brown. Fore tibia with AD and PV rows of slender setae. Fore tarsomere 1 with 1 AD and 1 PD preapical long and slender seta. Mid femur with PV and AV rows. Mid tibia with 1 AD and 1 AV sub-basal, same length as tibia; 1 AV and 1 A apical long seta, extending beyond halflength of tarsomere 1.
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<collectingCountry id="F373765F9E3F3A396CC62C81FE3A5742" box="[410,466,511,536]" name="India" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Hind</collectingCountry>
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femur with 2 dark brown to black AD setae, one before middle and one preapical; 8 spine-like AV setae inserted in large tubercles, three more apical setae shorter and dislocated to ventral surface; 3 spine-like PV setae inserted in tubercles on distal 1/3.
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<collectingCountry id="F373765F9E3F3A396E542F39FCA8573A" box="[776,832,583,608]" name="India" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Hind</collectingCountry>
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tibia with long and slender AD and PD setae.
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<emphasis id="B910EADD9E3F3A3968072F39FA74573A" bold="true" box="[1371,1436,583,608]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Wing</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation id="135F2A4A9E3F3A396DC32F12FEED57DE" box="[159,261,620,645]" captionStart="FIGURES 103 – 117" captionStartId="35.[151,264,1650,1673]" captionTargetBox="[356,1227,206,1582]" captionTargetId="figure@35.[340,1247,193,1629]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURES 103 – 117. Wings of Amazonian species of Syneches: 103, S. amazonicus sp. nov.; 104, S. angulatus sp. nov.; 105, S. applanatus sp. nov.; 106, S. bilobatus sp. nov.; 107, S. curvipes; 108, S. equatoriensis sp. nov.; 109, S. exilis sp. nov.; 110, S. maculosum sp. nov.; 111, S. manaos; 112, S. moraballi; 113, S. striatus sp. nov.; 114, S. tenebricus sp. nov.; 115, S. walkeri; 116, S. sp. 1; 117, S. sp. 2. Scale = 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/267806/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Fig. 111</figureCitation>
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). Hyaline, with light brown infuscation between r-m and bifurcation of Rs, and on apical margin; pterostigma brown, large, quadrangular, filling cell r1; R2+3 abruptly folded towards costa, reaching margin of wing at right angle.
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<emphasis id="B910EADD9E3F3A396C672FC8FE475795" bold="true" box="[315,431,694,719]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Abdomen</emphasis>
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. Long, about 3.5 times length of thorax, slender. Dark brown with reddish brown, sparse and rough pruinescence, except tergite 2 with basal 1/3 bare and bright. Covering setae yellow and slender, long on lateral margins of tergites, on dorsum of tergites 1 and 2 and on sternites, abundant and with curved tip; one laterodorsal preapical seta stronger and darker on tergites 3–6. Tergite 8 short, 1.5 times wider than long, with lateroapical setae long and waved (
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<figureCitation id="135F2A4A9E3F3A396F752E38FD685605" box="[553,640,838,863]" captionStart="FIGURES 66 – 72" captionStartId="23.[151,264,1024,1047]" captionTargetBox="[346,1242,213,981]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[340,1247,193,1003]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURES 66 – 72. Syneches manaos Smith, 1962. Male terminalia: 66, epandrium, cerci and hypoproct (dorsal view); 67, hypandrium, postgonite and phallus (ventral view); 68, left epandrail lamella (lateral view); 69, tergite 8; 70, sternite 8. Female terminalia: 71, ventral view; 72, dorsal view. Scale = 0.2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/267800/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Fig. 69</figureCitation>
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); sternite 8 trapezoidal, extremely long, about twice length of sternite and waved setae on distal half (
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<figureCitation id="135F2A4A9E3F3A396F5F2E14FDB156D9" box="[515,601,874,899]" captionStart="FIGURES 66 – 72" captionStartId="23.[151,264,1024,1047]" captionTargetBox="[346,1242,213,981]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[340,1247,193,1003]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURES 66 – 72. Syneches manaos Smith, 1962. Male terminalia: 66, epandrium, cerci and hypoproct (dorsal view); 67, hypandrium, postgonite and phallus (ventral view); 68, left epandrail lamella (lateral view); 69, tergite 8; 70, sternite 8. Female terminalia: 71, ventral view; 72, dorsal view. Scale = 0.2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/267800/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Fig. 70</figureCitation>
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). Terminalia (
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<figureCitation id="135F2A4A9E3F3A396FA42E14FC9656D9" box="[760,894,874,899]" captionStart="FIGURES 66 – 72" captionStartId="23.[151,264,1024,1047]" captionTargetBox="[346,1242,213,981]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[340,1247,193,1003]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURES 66 – 72. Syneches manaos Smith, 1962. Male terminalia: 66, epandrium, cerci and hypoproct (dorsal view); 67, hypandrium, postgonite and phallus (ventral view); 68, left epandrail lamella (lateral view); 69, tergite 8; 70, sternite 8. Female terminalia: 71, ventral view; 72, dorsal view. Scale = 0.2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/267800/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Figs 66–68</figureCitation>
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): elongate; hypandrium with parallel sides, two times longer than wide, with narrowed base, small median concavity on distal margin forming two small lobes, 1 long apical seta on each lobe reaching beyond apex of phallus; epandrial lamella wide, cleft apically, with extremely long and waved setae, longer than length of lamella; phallus long and slender, with narrowed and more sclerotized apex; postgonite simple, slender, as long as phallus.
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<emphasis id="B910EADD9E3F3A396E382E84FC515149" bold="true" box="[868,953,1018,1043]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Female</emphasis>
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. As in the male, except as follows: tergites 7 and 8 with short, slender and straight setae; hind femur not so dilated as in male, AV surface with basal setae more slender, long and inserted onto small tubercles and distal setae short. Terminalia (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135F2A4A9E3F3A396923293CFAEE5101" box="[1151,1286,1090,1115]" captionStart="FIGURES 66 – 72" captionStartId="23.[151,264,1024,1047]" captionTargetBox="[346,1242,213,981]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[340,1247,193,1003]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURES 66 – 72. Syneches manaos Smith, 1962. Male terminalia: 66, epandrium, cerci and hypoproct (dorsal view); 67, hypandrium, postgonite and phallus (ventral view); 68, left epandrail lamella (lateral view); 69, tergite 8; 70, sternite 8. Female terminalia: 71, ventral view; 72, dorsal view. Scale = 0.2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/267800/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Figs 71, 72</figureCitation>
|
||
): narrow and elongate; sternite 8 narrowed towards base, with central portion unsclerotized; tergite 8 rectangular, shorter than sternite 8; cercus long and robust, similar in length to tergite10.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37E65449E3F3A396D9B29D0FD5753C1" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDB36CF9E3F3A396D9B29D0FAA051B1" blockId="22.[151,1437,151,2018]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">
|
||
<emphasis id="B910EADD9E3F3A396D9B29D0FE94519D" bold="true" box="[199,380,1198,1223]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54DF886D9E3F3A396D9B29D0FEEA519D" box="[199,258,1198,1223]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
material
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<typeStatus id="54DF886D9E3F3A396CC429D0FDDE519D" box="[408,566,1198,1223]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" type="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B910EADD9E3F3A396CC429D0FDDE519D" bold="true" box="[408,566,1198,1223]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">HOLOTYPE</emphasis>
|
||
</typeStatus>
|
||
♂ (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED75AE0A9E3F3A396F2329D1FD32519D" box="[639,730,1199,1223]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">BMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
):
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F373765F9E3F3A396FA729D1FC8B519D" box="[763,867,1199,1223]" name="Brazil" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
|
||
, [
|
||
<emphasis id="B910EADD9E3F3A396ED929D1FC10519C" box="[901,1016,1199,1222]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Amazonas</emphasis>
|
||
],
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C644D4C9E3F3A39694229CEFB9F519D" box="[1054,1143,1200,1223]" class="Insecta" family="Hybotidae" genus="Syneches" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="438" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manaos">Manaos</taxonomicName>
|
||
[Manaus], July, 1935, G.U.Vredenburg.
|
||
<typeStatus id="54DF886D9E3F3A396C0029ACFE2C51B1" box="[348,452,1234,1259]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
condition: Antennae and left mid tarsus lost, right wing mounted on microslide.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDB36CF9E3F3A396D9B2988FF0E5375" blockId="22.[151,1437,151,2018]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">
|
||
<emphasis id="B910EADD9E3F3A396D9B2988FDC45055" bold="true" box="[199,556,1270,1295]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Additional material examined</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F373765F9E3F3A396F652988FD495055" box="[569,673,1270,1295]" name="Brazil" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">
|
||
<emphasis id="B910EADD9E3F3A396F652988FD495055" bold="true" box="[569,673,1270,1295]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">BRASIL</emphasis>
|
||
</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B910EADD9E3F3A396FF32989FCCA5054" box="[687,802,1271,1294]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Amazonas</emphasis>
|
||
, Presidente Figueiredo,
|
||
<date id="FFDA100F9E3F3A39696E2988FB3F5055" box="[1074,1239,1270,1295]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" value="1996-03-25" valueMax="1996-03-30" valueMin="1996-03-25">25–30.iii.1996</date>
|
||
, F.F. Xavier,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D62FD469E3F3A3968372989FA7F5055" box="[1387,1431,1271,1295]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" type="generic">1 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
; Manaus, F[azenda] Esteio BR-174, km 41,
|
||
<date id="FFDA100F9E3F3A396FDB2864FCDC5069" box="[647,820,1306,1331]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" value="1993-12-17" valueMax="1993-12-20" valueMin="1993-12-17">17–20.xii.1993</date>
|
||
, F.F. Xavier,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D62FD469E3F3A396E912865FC115068" box="[973,1017,1307,1331]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" type="generic">3 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, 13 ♀; F[azenda] Porto Alegre, BR- 174, Km 68,
|
||
<date id="FFDA100F9E3F3A396C772840FE26500D" box="[299,462,1342,1367]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" value="1993-11-17" valueMax="1993-11-19" valueMin="1993-11-17">17–19.xi.1993</date>
|
||
, F.F. Xavier,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D62FD469E3F3A396F382841FD74500D" box="[612,668,1343,1367]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" type="generic">24 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, 30 ♀; idem,
|
||
<date id="FFDA100F9E3F3A396E642840FC26500D" box="[824,974,1342,1367]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" value="1994-01-17" valueMax="1994-01-21" valueMin="1994-01-17">17–21.i.1994</date>
|
||
, 1 ♀; Reserva [Adolpho] Ducke, Igarapé Barro Branco, armadilha malaise,
|
||
<date id="FFDA100F9E3F3A396F7F281DFD565021" box="[547,702,1379,1403]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" value="2004-10-11" valueMax="2004-10-21" valueMin="2004-10-11">11–21.x.2004</date>
|
||
, Henriques, A. Leg,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D62FD469E3F3A396EEF281DFC0B5020" box="[947,995,1379,1403]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" type="generic">1 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
; idem,
|
||
<date id="FFDA100F9E3F3A396967281CFB395021" box="[1083,1233,1378,1403]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" value="2004-11-08" valueMax="2004-11-18" valueMin="2004-11-08">8–18.xi.2004</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D62FD469E3F3A3969BC281DFAE75020" box="[1248,1295,1379,1403]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" type="generic">1 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
; Borba, Rio Abacaxi, Paxiúba, 04°28′48″
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE5050089E3F3A396C8128F8FDD050C5" box="[477,568,1414,1439]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" precision="925" value="-58.566666">S 58°34′</geoCoordinate>
|
||
24″W,
|
||
<date id="FFDA100F9E3F3A396FD428F8FCF850C5" box="[648,784,1414,1439]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" value="2008-06-02" valueMax="2008-06-04" valueMin="2008-06-02">2–4.vi.2008</date>
|
||
, J.A. Rafael e equipe, Malaise,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D62FD469E3F3A39692F28F9FB7550C5" box="[1139,1181,1415,1439]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" type="generic">1 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, idem, varredura, 4 ♀; Maués Rio Abacaxi, Campina, Pacamiri, 04°35′49″
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE5050089E3F3A396E5328D4FC9C5099" box="[783,884,1450,1475]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" precision="925" value="-58.216667">S 58°13′</geoCoordinate>
|
||
14″W,
|
||
<date id="FFDA100F9E3F3A396E8C28D5FB835099" box="[976,1131,1451,1475]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" value="2008-05-30" valueMax="2008-05-31" valueMin="2008-05-30">30–31.v.2008</date>
|
||
, J.A. Rafael e eq[uipe], ar[madilha] Malaise, campinarana,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D62FD469E3F3A396F7F28B1FDA750BD" box="[547,591,1487,1511]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" type="generic">1 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="B910EADD9E3F3A396F0728B1FD7B50BC" box="[603,659,1487,1510]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Pará</emphasis>
|
||
, Rio Trombetas, Cruz Alta,
|
||
<date id="FFDA100F9E3F3A396E9328B0FB6A50BD" box="[975,1154,1486,1511]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" value="1972-07-25" valueMax="1972-07-28" valueMin="1972-07-25">25–28.vii. 1972</date>
|
||
, Varredura, J. Vidal,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D62FD469E3F3A39683728B1FA7F50BD" box="[1387,1431,1487,1511]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" type="generic">1 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, 3 ♀; Rio Mapuera, Cach[oeira] Assunção, Malaise,
|
||
<date id="FFDA100F9E3F3A396FA8288CFC625351" box="[756,906,1522,1547]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" value="1986-06-05" valueMax="1986-06-17" valueMin="1986-06-05">5–17.vi.1986</date>
|
||
, Eq[uipe] V. Py-Daniel, 1 ♀ (all deposited in
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED75AE0A9E3F3A396DCB2B69FF335375" box="[151,219,1559,1583]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm88-499z" name="Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">INPA</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDB36CF9E3F3A396D9B2B44FC435309" blockId="22.[151,1437,151,2018]" box="[199,939,1594,1619]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">
|
||
<emphasis id="B910EADD9E3F3A396D9B2B44FE155309" bold="true" box="[199,509,1594,1619]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Geographical distribution</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F373765F9E3F3A396F572B44FDA75309" box="[523,591,1594,1619]" name="Brazil" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Amazonas, Pará*) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135F2A4A9E3F3A396E612B44FC775309" box="[829,927,1594,1619]" captionStart="FIGURE 120" captionStartId="37.[151,250,1667,1689]" captionTargetBox="[356,1238,981,1594]" captionTargetId="figure@37.[340,1247,965,1645]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIGURE 120. Geographical distribution of S. longiflagellatus, S. maculosum, S. manaos and S. obeliscus in Amazon." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/267809/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Fig. 120</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDB36CF9E3F3A396D9B2B20FD5753C1" blockId="22.[151,1437,151,2018]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">
|
||
<emphasis id="B910EADD9E3F3A396D9B2B20FE8E532D" bold="true" box="[199,358,1630,1655]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Observations</emphasis>
|
||
. The description of the antenna, palpus, notopleural and scutellar setae was based on specimens that had been previously compared with the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54DF886D9E3F3A396FD42BFDFD5453C1" box="[648,700,1667,1691]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">type</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37E65449E3F3A396D9B2BD8FBF753B9" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDB36CF9E3F3A396D9B2BD8FBF753B9" blockId="22.[151,1437,151,2018]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">
|
||
<emphasis id="B910EADD9E3F3A396D9B2BD8FEA053E5" bold="true" box="[199,328,1702,1727]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Comments</emphasis>
|
||
. Some specimens have two sub-basal dorsal setae on postpedicel and light brown proboscis. Some females have brown dorsocentral stripe on scutum, widened on prescutellar disc.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37E65449E3F3A396D9B2B91FC3E52B8" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDB36CF9E3F3A396D9B2B91FC3E52B8" blockId="22.[151,1437,151,2018]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C644D4C9E3F3A396D9B2B91FE65525D" ID-CoL="53VQK" box="[199,397,1775,1799]" class="Insecta" family="Hybotidae" genus="Syneches" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manaos">
|
||
<emphasis id="B910EADD9E3F3A396D9B2B91FE65525D" box="[199,397,1775,1799]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Syneches manaos</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C644D4C9E3F3A396F7B2B91FD76525D" ID-CoL="7B967" box="[551,670,1775,1799]" class="Insecta" family="Hybotidae" genus="Syneches" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="repletus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B910EADD9E3F3A396F7B2B91FD76525D" box="[551,670,1775,1799]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">S. repletus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in having a long and slender abdomen, male with long and waved setae on the last tergites, anterior and mid tibia with exceptionally long setae, ocellar triangle flat and hind femur dilated, more slender in females. It can be distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C644D4C9E3F3A396E3D2A49FC305215" ID-CoL="7B967" box="[865,984,1847,1871]" class="Insecta" family="Hybotidae" genus="Syneches" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="repletus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B910EADD9E3F3A396E3D2A49FC305215" box="[865,984,1847,1871]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">S. repletus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the wing with the apex of vein R2+3 abruptly bent to Costa, forming a right angle with the costal margin, brown hind femur, and aspects of the male terminalia.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C644D4C9E3F3A396C4B2AFFFE3552C3" ID-CoL="53VQK" box="[279,477,1921,1945]" class="Insecta" family="Hybotidae" genus="Syneches" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manaos">
|
||
<emphasis id="B910EADD9E3F3A396C4B2AFFFE3552C3" box="[279,477,1921,1945]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Syneches manaos</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is also similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C644D4C9E3F3A396FF52AFCFCA452C3" ID-CoL="53VQ9" box="[681,844,1921,1945]" class="Insecta" family="Hybotidae" genus="Syneches" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longiventris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B910EADD9E3F3A396FF52AFCFCA452C3" box="[681,844,1921,1945]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">S. longiventris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C644D4C9E3F3A396ED82AFCFBF552C3" ID-CoL="53VNN" box="[900,1053,1922,1945]" class="Insecta" family="Hybotidae" genus="Syneches" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curvineura">
|
||
<emphasis id="B910EADD9E3F3A396ED82AFCFBF552C3" box="[900,1053,1922,1945]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">S. curvineura</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, both species of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF54B3E9E3F3A3969822AFFFA7452C0" author="Melander" box="[1246,1436,1921,1946]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" refString="Melander, A. L. (1928) Diptera, Fam. Empididae. In: Wystman, P. (Ed.), Genera Insectorum. Fascicule 185 (1927), Bruxelles, 434 pp." type="book" year="1928">Melander (1928)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F373765F9E3F3A396C112AD8FE2552E4" box="[333,461,1957,1982]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="22" pageNumber="423">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||
, but differs from the former by clear wings and from the latter by having long and waved setae along of the abdomen, including the terminalia (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF54B3E9E3F3A396E1D2AB7FC2152B8" author="Smith" box="[833,969,1993,2018]" pageId="22" pageNumber="423" refString="Smith, K. G. V. (1962) Studies on the Brazilian Empididae (Diptera). Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society of London, 114 (7), 195 - 266. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 2311.1962. tb 01079. x" type="journal article" year="1962">Smith 1962</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |