325 lines
38 KiB
XML
325 lines
38 KiB
XML
<document id="EB0B0E30C04233FB8ADD8619D22940AF" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.198244" ID-GBIF-Dataset="2145a6ff-d31c-45f1-bea1-af8477a51da6" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="198244" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460290874690" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Gharali, Babak, Kamali, Karim, Evenhuis, Neal, Talebi, Ali Asghar & Khalgani, Jafar" docDate="2010" docId="03B987B2FFEA5E32FF50F109FDFD550A" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02627p019.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2627" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Empidideicus amicus Gharali & Evenhuis, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="5" masterDocId="FF80FFCAFFEB5E36FFC7F449FFC05658" masterDocTitle="First record of the genus Empidideicus (Diptera: Bombylioidea: Mythicomyiidae) from Iran, with description of six new species" masterLastPageNumber="19" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="2" updateTime="1698251303231" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="9364523EBD24F648FB17A93E5E4CA75C" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="7A724C8F16FF2133F69632259A9A54FD">
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<mods:title id="DC63438C49F99E69334F5E7C9F1EA9D3">First record of the genus Empidideicus (Diptera: Bombylioidea: Mythicomyiidae) from Iran, with description of six new species</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="00B648A4D8EBFB13929A5CCD6F161683" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="ECE87A00150D0AB3AC3A12DAE68FB060">
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<mods:roleTerm id="9CEA0BB525652A1E3BAC8E0F0C46A3DB">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="9DA7C6BA32EAD63477B31F8ED17290DA">Gharali, Babak</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="5741644591825C2FA154216E302ED2EF" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="ADD5AC58D93B83BFC4CDA735289735C0">
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<mods:roleTerm id="E0E7868C267F3534BC2CE7AE53E09C12">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="BACA3C782311487D009002A3A3F2AE45">Kamali, Karim</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="32A7053A0D1ADBC5BC48E10B6D57BB3D" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="9CF291FAAC97CAD6DD4852C6087B94FB">
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<mods:roleTerm id="676CBB7C0AE422A99CB138F62E96586C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="2713A107CB41B6C20D68807FB5BCBE28">Evenhuis, Neal</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="6F8D814336875034C8F0EC5776ECC827" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="84ED55D6676A487FBF05338DF8155EB9">
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<mods:roleTerm id="79F6C2D187FFC49181B3C355EB74B526">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="B6223B45BC662EAA24DF896CB4B61CDF">Talebi, Ali Asghar</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="301D548B29C7FFEAED80879DEBC9441E" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="E27C2220840B64BC9A0195484449BB4C">
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<mods:roleTerm id="21D21C0BAFFAC97A0281A02F57E902B0">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="8484824152AAE6EC2CF6F1E791545015">Khalgani, Jafar</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="FDDF677A9A687881B6607BB1DC53B283">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="747B0C2EC6A3A015213B7245B9544172">
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<mods:title id="B55133CC7DA2352E284720535F6338C3">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="E095A587B6F79EE580A607E33A857FF1">
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<mods:date id="92C77E9F4D3B87C082205F60B7F87EA9">2010</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="14EF8D18D35DD3D347CBB832538B6688" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="04C61C0EE5751CEA183C7BAC63D46E30">2627</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="9DE3F34580A83D6F59E82FA36E097304">1</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="6A0C4DD07006628749E33FD1FC6A298C">19</mods:end>
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<mods:classification id="AFDE0E12ED0DF74B844B1B3BCF8741F8">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="B713200FD4762D26030088F12AE618EF" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.198244</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="FE854A5EC7EE5F4C6EA9D008B3703D5D" type="GBIF-Dataset">2145a6ff-d31c-45f1-bea1-af8477a51da6</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="09EB43D954E18B0CEBEE3ABA3C57DB52" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="30EB8D5E1138B41626303744A712ED0A" type="Zenodo-Dep">198244</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="03B987B2FFEA5E32FF50F109FDFD550A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6209823" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119398626" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6209823" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B987B2FFEA5E32FF50F109FDFD550A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B987B2FFEA5E32FF50F109FDFD550A" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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||
<subSubSection id="C30A652FFFEA5E37FF50F109FC0E51B6" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="nomenclature">
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||
<paragraph id="8BAF36A4FFEA5E37FF50F109FCC95302" blockId="1.[151,777,1344,1404]" box="[151,777,1344,1370]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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||
<heading id="D0E781C8FFEA5E37FF50F109FCC95302" bold="true" box="[151,777,1344,1370]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" reason="1">
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||
<emphasis id="B964EAB6FFEA5E37FF50F109FCC95302" bold="true" box="[151,777,1344,1370]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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<taxonomicName id="4C104D27FFEA5E37FF50F109FD5E5302" authority="Gharali & Evenhuis" authorityName="Gharali & Evenhuis" box="[151,670,1344,1370]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Empidideicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amicus" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B964EAB6FFEA5E37FF50F109FE585302" bold="true" box="[151,408,1344,1370]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Empidideicus amicus</emphasis>
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Gharali & Evenhuis
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25757CDFFEA5E37FD6CF109FCC95302" box="[683,777,1344,1370]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BAF36A4FFEA5E37FF50F12BFE565324" blockId="1.[151,777,1344,1404]" box="[151,406,1378,1404]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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(
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<figureCitation id="132B2A21FFEA5E37FF58F12BFF2C5324" box="[159,236,1378,1404]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,255,1982,2006]" captionTargetBox="[171,1416,197,1916]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[171,1416,197,1958]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Empidideicus amicus: a—antennae lateral view, b—wing, c—epandrium anterodorsal view, d—gonocoxa dorsal view, e—phallic complex dorsal view, f—phallic complex lateral view, g—female genitalia." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/198245/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
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a–g, 7a, 8a–b)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BAF36A4FFEA5E37FF50F1E4FE045094" blockId="1.[151,1437,1453,1740]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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<emphasis id="B964EAB6FFEA5E37FF50F1E4FE66539F" bold="true" box="[151,422,1453,1479]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Specimens examined:</emphasis>
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<typeStatus id="54AB8806FFEA5E37FE69F1E4FDDB539F" box="[430,539,1453,1479]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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female (dried by HMDS) and
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<specimenCount id="9D16FD2DFFEA5E37FC4EF1E4FC2A539F" box="[905,1002,1453,1479]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="male">20 male</specimenCount>
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,
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<specimenCount id="9D16FD2DFFEA5E37FC30F1E4FBAD539F" box="[1015,1133,1453,1479]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="female">20 female</specimenCount>
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<typeStatus id="54AB8806FFEA5E37FBB2F1E4FB26539F" box="[1141,1254,1453,1479]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
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(
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<specimenCount id="9D16FD2DFFEA5E37FB30F1E4FA93539F" box="[1271,1363,1453,1479]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="male">5 males</specimenCount>
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and
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<specimenCount id="9D16FD2DFFEA5E37FA4AF1E4FF3A53B4" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="female">5 females</specimenCount>
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dried by HMDS, remainder preserved in alcohol),
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<collectingCountry id="F3077634FFEA5E37FC4AF19BFC1F53B4" box="[909,991,1490,1516]" name="Iran" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">IRAN</collectingCountry>
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: East
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<collectingCountry id="F3077634FFEA5E37FBEBF19BFB7753B4" box="[1068,1207,1490,1516]" name="Azerbaijan" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Azerbaijan</collectingCountry>
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Province, Tabriz, Khosroshahr region, the field of Agricultural Research Centre,
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<quantity id="4CE89B41FFEA5E37FC5DF1B1FC36504A" box="[922,1014,1528,1554]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3459999999999999" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="m" value="1346.0">1346 m</quantity>
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asl.,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE245063FFEA5E37FBFFF1B1FB20504A" box="[1080,1248,1528,1554]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" precision="15" value="37.974445">N 37° 58' 28"</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate id="EE245063FFEA5E37FB2FF1B1FABF504A" box="[1256,1407,1528,1554]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" precision="15" value="46.04861">E 46° 2' 55"</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<date id="FFAE1064FFEA5E37FA4AF1B1FE60506F" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" value="2009-06-01" valueMax="2009-08-12" valueMin="2009-06-01">1 June–12 August 2009</date>
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, Malaise trap, leg. H. Lotfalizadeh (all TMUC);
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<specimenCount id="9D16FD2DFFEA5E37FC2BF254FB8F506F" box="[1004,1103,1565,1591]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="male">29 male</specimenCount>
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,
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<specimenCount id="9D16FD2DFFEA5E37FB9BF254FB13506F" box="[1116,1235,1565,1591]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="female">31 female</specimenCount>
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||
<typeStatus id="54AB8806FFEA5E37FB1BF254FA92506F" box="[1244,1362,1565,1591]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
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||
, same data as
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<typeStatus id="54AB8806FFEA5E37FF34F20BFE9C5004" box="[243,348,1602,1628]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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except
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||
<date id="FFAE1064FFEA5E37FE7CF20BFD1A5004" box="[443,730,1602,1628]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" value="2008-06-01" valueMax="2008-08-12" valueMin="2008-06-01">1 June–12 August 2008</date>
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||
(BPBM);
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<specimenCount id="9D16FD2DFFEA5E37FC9DF20BFC095004" box="[858,969,1602,1628]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="male">15 males</specimenCount>
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||
,
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||
<specimenCount id="9D16FD2DFFEA5E37FC11F20BFB995004" box="[982,1113,1602,1628]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="female">30 females</specimenCount>
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||
as
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<typeStatus id="54AB8806FFEA5E37FB43F20BFB375004" box="[1156,1271,1602,1628]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
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(in Alcohol), same data as
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<typeStatus id="54AB8806FFEA5E37FEF9F221FE6A50DA" box="[318,426,1640,1666]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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(ZMHB);
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<specimenCount id="9D16FD2DFFEA5E37FDF6F221FD7950DA" box="[561,697,1640,1666]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="female">15 females</specimenCount>
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as
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<typeStatus id="54AB8806FFEA5E37FD22F221FC9C50DA" box="[741,860,1640,1666]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
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(in Alcohol), same data as
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<typeStatus id="54AB8806FFEA5E37FB71F221FAE650DA" box="[1206,1318,1640,1666]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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, personal collection of Jorge Almeida (
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<collectingCountry id="F3077634FFEA5E37FDC3F2C4FDB550FF" box="[516,629,1677,1703]" name="Portugal" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Portugal</collectingCountry>
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);
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<specimenCount id="9D16FD2DFFEA5E37FD4CF2C4FD3250FF" box="[651,754,1677,1703]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="male">10 male</specimenCount>
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,
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<specimenCount id="9D16FD2DFFEA5E37FCC7F2C4FCBB50FF" box="[768,891,1677,1703]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="female">10 female</specimenCount>
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<typeStatus id="54AB8806FFEA5E37FC43F2C4FC3E50FF" box="[900,1022,1677,1703]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
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, same data as
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<typeStatus id="54AB8806FFEA5E37FB74F2C4FADF50FF" box="[1203,1311,1677,1703]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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(personal collection of first author).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BAF36A4FFEA5E37FF50F37EFE1A5131" blockId="1.[151,1437,1847,2030]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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1.
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<taxonomicName id="4C104D27FFEA5E37FF0BF37EFD825114" authority="Zaitzev, 1971" authorityName="Zaitzev" authorityYear="1971" box="[204,578,1847,1868]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Empidideicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sugonjaevi">
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<emphasis id="B964EAB6FFEA5E37FF0BF37EFE7B5114" box="[204,443,1847,1868]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Empidideicus sugonjaevi</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF814B55FFEA5E37FE06F37EFD825114" author="Zaitzev" box="[449,578,1847,1868]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" refString="Zaitzev, V. F. (1971) New bombyliid species (Diptera, Bombyliidae) from Soviet central Asia and Mongolia. Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie, 50, 509 - 510." type="journal article" year="1971">Zaitzev, 1971</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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has a black occiput but a yellow scutellum with a black base that distinguishes it from the species in couplets two and three.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BAF36A4FFEA5E37FF50F338FC0E51B6" blockId="1.[151,1437,1847,2030]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
|
||
2.
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<taxonomicName id="4C104D27FFEA5E37FF0BF33AFD4251D0" authority="Paramonov, 1934" authorityName="Paramonov" authorityYear="1934" box="[204,642,1907,1928]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Empidideicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="turkestanicus">
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<emphasis id="B964EAB6FFEA5E37FF0BF33AFE1551D0" box="[204,469,1907,1928]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Empidideicus turkestanicus</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EF814B55FFEA5E37FE1CF33AFD4251D0" author="Paramonov" box="[475,642,1907,1928]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" refString="Paramonov, S. J. (1934) Unentberliche kritische Bemerkungen zu der Arbeit von Dr. Engeluber die Bombyliiden in Lindner's, " Die Fliegen der palaarktischenRegion ". Konowia, 13, 10 - 21." type="journal article" year="1934">Paramonov, 1934</bibRefCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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runs here but is easily distinguished by the presence of a closed discal cell. 3. This pattern is somewhat variable (stripes are free or coalesced as a single mark) so the illustration of
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EF814B55FFEA5E37FB0CF3DCFA9A51F2" author="Zaitzev" box="[1227,1370,1941,1962]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" refString="Zaitzev, V. F. (1971) New bombyliid species (Diptera, Bombyliidae) from Soviet central Asia and Mongolia. Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie, 50, 509 - 510." type="journal article" year="1971">Zaitzev (1971)</bibRefCitation>
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for
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<taxonomicName id="4C104D27FFEA5E37FA40F3DCFE825194" authority="Zaitzev" authorityName="Zaitzev" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Empidideicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asiaticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B964EAB6FFEA5E37FA40F3DCFF305194" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">E. asiaticus</emphasis>
|
||
Zaitzev
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
may be interpreted in both ways. If the coalesced status is accepted then
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C104D27FFEA5E37FBEAF3FEFB635194" box="[1069,1187,1975,1996]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Empidideicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asiaticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B964EAB6FFEA5E37FBEAF3FEFB635194" box="[1069,1187,1975,1996]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">E. asiaticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C104D27FFEA5E37FA40F3FEFF2751B6" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Empidideicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="persicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B964EAB6FFEA5E37FA40F3FEFF2751B6" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">E. persicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the yellow prescutellar area; otherwise see the diagnosis of
|
||
<emphasis id="B964EAB6FFEA5E37FC82F390FC0E51B6" box="[837,974,2009,2030]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C104D27FFEA5E37FC82F390FC0A51B6" box="[837,970,2009,2030]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Empidideicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="greatheadi">E. greatheadi</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF6F662CFFE95E34FF50F3F7FB7651AD" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/198245/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" targetBox="[171,1416,197,1916]" targetPageId="2">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAF36A4FFE95E34FF50F3F7FB7651AD" blockId="2.[151,1436,1982,2037]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="B964EAB6FFE95E34FF50F3F7FEDA518E" bold="true" box="[151,282,1982,2006]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C104D27FFE95E34FEE5F3F7FDC8518D" box="[290,520,1982,2005]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Empidideicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B964EAB6FFE95E34FEE5F3F7FDC8518D" box="[290,520,1982,2005]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Empidideicus amicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: a—antennae lateral view, b—wing, c—epandrium anterodorsal view, d—gonocoxa dorsal view, e—phallic complex dorsal view, f—phallic complex lateral view, g—female genitalia.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30A652FFFE85E35FF01F4DEFD39571F" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAF36A4FFE85E35FF01F4DEFD39571F" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2025]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<emphasis id="B964EAB6FFE85E35FF01F4DEFE8656E9" bold="true" box="[198,326,151,177]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C104D27FFE85E35FE94F4D1FD9256E9" box="[339,594,152,177]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Empidideicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B964EAB6FFE85E35FE94F4D1FD9256E9" box="[339,594,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Empidideicus amicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is separated from its closely related species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C104D27FFE85E35FB4BF4D1FAFB56E9" box="[1164,1339,152,177]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Empidideicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="matricarius">
|
||
<emphasis id="B964EAB6FFE85E35FB4BF4D1FAFB56E9" box="[1164,1339,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">E. matricarius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, by the length of the second flagellomere that is as long as or longer than first flagellomere (in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C104D27FFE85E35FB07F4F4FAAF568E" box="[1216,1391,189,214]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Empidideicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="matricarius">
|
||
<emphasis id="B964EAB6FFE85E35FB07F4F4FAAF568E" box="[1216,1391,189,214]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">E. matricarius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the second flagellomere is much shorter than the first flagellomere), the deep and wide apical invagination of reservoir (narrow and shallow invagination in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C104D27FFE85E35FD09F541FCBE5779" box="[718,894,264,289]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Empidideicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="matricarius">
|
||
<emphasis id="B964EAB6FFE85E35FD09F541FCBE5779" box="[718,894,264,289]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">E. matricarius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), and the presence of well sclerotised plates around the genital orifice (absent in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C104D27FFE85E35FDF8F564FD29571E" box="[575,745,301,326]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Empidideicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="matricarius">
|
||
<emphasis id="B964EAB6FFE85E35FDF8F564FD29571E" box="[575,745,301,326]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">E. matricarius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30A652FFFE85E32FF01F51BFE8F56A4" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAF36A4FFE85E35FF01F51BFBF95734" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2025]" box="[198,1081,338,364]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<emphasis id="B964EAB6FFE85E35FF01F51BFE9F5734" bold="true" box="[198,351,338,364]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Female. Length
|
||
<quantity id="4CE89B41FFE85E35FDE2F51BFD4E5734" box="[549,654,338,364]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.73" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="mm" value="1.73">1.73 mm</quantity>
|
||
(Female) –
|
||
<quantity id="4CE89B41FFE85E35FCDBF51BFC445734" box="[796,900,338,364]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.43" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="mm" value="1.43">1.43 mm</quantity>
|
||
(Male) (n=20).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAF36A4FFE85E35FF02F531FC6B54E4" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2025]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
Head (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132B2A21FFE85E35FEDFF531FEA457CA" box="[280,356,376,402]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="15.[151,256,1963,1987]" captionTargetBox="[175,1410,194,1941]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[175,1410,194,1942]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 7. Lateral view of Empidideicus adults (females): a— E. amicus, b— E. ebellicus, c— E. greatheadi, d— E. matricarius, e— E. legulicoxa, f— E. persicus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/198250/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
a). Slightly higher than long; eyes dichoptic, separated at vertex by two times distance between lateral ocellus; ocellar triangle black; vertex black, black color narrowly joined to upper eye margin; occiput black medially, yellow laterally; postgena yellow; frons slightly depressed medially with blackish brown longitudinal stripe from anterior ocellus to medial depression; face, mentum and oral margin yellow; antennae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132B2A21FFE85E35FED4F644FE99547F" box="[275,345,525,551]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,255,1982,2006]" captionTargetBox="[171,1416,197,1916]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[171,1416,197,1958]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Empidideicus amicus: a—antennae lateral view, b—wing, c—epandrium anterodorsal view, d—gonocoxa dorsal view, e—phallic complex dorsal view, f—phallic complex lateral view, g—female genitalia." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/198245/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
a) set in deep pocket; two basal segments of antennae yellow; scape short subtrapezoidal; pedicel spheroid-ellipsoid, wider than long; first flagellomere dark brown, ovoid, length about 1.6 times width; second flagellomere faintly brown, 0.6 times length of first flagellomere; apical stylus transparent, minute, 0.2 times length of second flagellomere; clypeus yellow; labrum black, sclerotised, stiff, pointed apically; proboscis brown, 1.3 times head length; palpi not evident.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAF36A4FFE85E35FF02F681FBAB559A" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2025]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
Thorax (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132B2A21FFE85E35FEECF681FEBD54BA" box="[299,381,712,738]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="16.[151,256,1295,1319]" captionTargetBox="[153,1436,189,1267]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[153,1438,189,1268]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 8. Dorsal view of Empidideicus mesonotum (females): a, b— E. amicus, c— E. ebellicus, d— E. greatheadi, e— E. matricarius, f— E. persicus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/198251/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
a–b). mesonotum yellow to brownish yellow, with scattered yellow pubescence, dorsum with admedian whitish longitudinal stripe and pattern of brown and dark brown color medially and dorsolaterally; length of median longitudinal stripe ¾ length of mesonotum, divided by thin yellow stripe; humeral callus, notopleural area, postalar callus and rectangular prescutellar area yellowish; posterior margin of mesonotum with two dark brown spots laterally; scutellum yellow; pleura yellow except black on following: black patch on extreme anterior portion and lower margin of anepisternum, lower margin of anepimeron, lower ¾ of katepisternum, most of meron; halter stem and knob white.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAF36A4FFE85E35FF02F784FE4A5254" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2025]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Legs. Yellow except coxa III with brownish pattern dorsally and two last tarsal segments brown; claws black, pulvilli white.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAF36A4FFE85E35FF02F051FB87537B" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2025]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
Wing (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132B2A21FFE85E35FED2F051FE97526A" box="[277,343,1048,1074]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,255,1982,2006]" captionTargetBox="[171,1416,197,1916]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[171,1416,197,1958]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Empidideicus amicus: a—antennae lateral view, b—wing, c—epandrium anterodorsal view, d—gonocoxa dorsal view, e—phallic complex dorsal view, f—phallic complex lateral view, g—female genitalia." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/198245/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
b). Hyaline, length (from base to end of R4+5) 2.6 times width (from end of R1 to CuA2); veins brown; costa, Sc, R4+5 and CuA2 well sclerotised; veins M1, M2, M1+2 and CuA1 less sclerotised; vein separating basal cells, the base of Rs and A1 evanescent; costa ends slightly beyond end of R4+5; Sc incomplete; R4+5 fairly straight to wing margin, meeting costa well beyond the level of CuA1; M1 separated from M2 at an acute angle, slightly curved to wing margin, M2 straight, slightly curved apically, 1.8 times as long as M1+2; cell dm open apically; A1 straight to wing margin; anal cell open in wing margin by width much wider than r-m cross vein; fringe of hair shortest at wing tip becoming longer and more sparse toward base.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAF36A4FFE85E35FF02F166FA9B53CB" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2025]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Abdomen. Tergites I to VI yellow with transverse brown bands anteriorly, bands narrowing toward tergite VI; remainder of tergites yellow; all tergites with brown spots next to brown bands; lateral margins of all tergites narrowly brown; sternites yellow except last sternite with pale brown mark basally and laterally.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAF36A4FFE85E35FF02F1D6FEBB5151" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2025]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
Female genitalia (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132B2A21FFE85E35FE64F1D6FE2B53E1" box="[419,491,1439,1465]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,255,1982,2006]" captionTargetBox="[171,1416,197,1916]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[171,1416,197,1958]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Empidideicus amicus: a—antennae lateral view, b—wing, c—epandrium anterodorsal view, d—gonocoxa dorsal view, e—phallic complex dorsal view, f—phallic complex lateral view, g—female genitalia." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/198245/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<quantity id="4CE89B41FFE85E35FE19F1D6FE2B53E1" box="[478,491,1439,1465]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="1.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="g" value="1.0">1</quantity>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
g). Spermathecal reservoir subglobular, slightly higher than wide with deep, pitcher-shaped invagination, depth of invagination 0.6 times reservoir height, width of invagination about one-half diameter of reservoir; apical spermathecal ducts long, membranous, 2.8 times as long as reservoir, about one-third basally and one-tenth apically slightly sclerotised; sperm pump long, membranous, striated, gradually tapering toward base, 1.2 times as long as apical duct with shallow apical valve (= muscle attachment); basal spermathecal ducts membranous, about 0.3 times length of sperm pump; common spermathecal duct membranous, broad, slightly longer than sperm pump; furca well sclerotised, pentagonshaped with two narrow lateral arms abruptly broadened as two wide plates with triangular processes dorsolaterally; vaginal orifice well sclerotised, laterally with two kidney-shaped plates joined to papillate sclerotised process.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAF36A4FFE85E35FF02F35DFCB8510B" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2025]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Male. Similar to female but smaller and darker. All brown marks replaced by blackish brown to black marks. Hypopygium yellow except epandrium laterally brown.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAF36A4FFE85E32FF01F316FE8F56A4" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2025]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1437,152,850]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
Male genitalia (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132B2A21FFE85E35FE4DF316FE1C5121" box="[394,476,1887,1913]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,255,1982,2006]" captionTargetBox="[171,1416,197,1916]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[171,1416,197,1958]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Empidideicus amicus: a—antennae lateral view, b—wing, c—epandrium anterodorsal view, d—gonocoxa dorsal view, e—phallic complex dorsal view, f—phallic complex lateral view, g—female genitalia." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/198245/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
c–f). Epandrium yellow, subrectungular in lateral view, with dark brown and acutely pointed dorsoapical tip; gonocoxa fused, ellipsoid with less sclerotised, round tip, medially with a sclerotised plate; gonostylus L-shaped, broad basally, suddenly narrowing to bifid tip, inserted deeply on gonocoxal sclerotised plate; gonocoxal apodeme slightly longer than aedeagal apodeme; aedeagal bulb large, rounded; basal aedeagal apodeme narrow, much broadened and sclerotised basally as quadrate plate, lateral rami slightly shorter than aedeagal apodeme; epiphallus consists of median bridge-shaped and two lateral quadrate plates.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30A652FFFEF5E32FF02F54EFCE15734" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAF36A4FFEF5E32FF02F54EFCE15734" blockId="4.[151,1437,152,850]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="B964EAB6FFEF5E32FF02F54EFE915779" bold="true" box="[197,337,263,289]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The specific epithet derives from the Latin
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C104D27FFEF5E32FC96F541FC645779" box="[849,932,264,289]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Empidideicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B964EAB6FFEF5E32FC96F541FC645779" box="[849,932,264,289]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">amicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
= “friendship”; and refers to the friendship between entomologists from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3077634FFEF5E32FDD1F564FD8F571F" box="[534,591,301,327]" name="Iran" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Iran</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3077634FFEF5E32FD9AF564FD60571F" box="[605,672,301,327]" name="United States of America" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3077634FFEF5E32FD68F564FCDE571F" box="[687,798,301,327]" name="Portugal" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Portugal</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3077634FFEF5E32FCA7F564FC17571F" box="[864,983,301,327]" name="Germany" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Germany</collectingCountry>
|
||
that made possible the collecting, transporting, discovery, and description of new species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30A652FFFEF5E32FF02F53EFB1C57CA" box="[197,1244,375,402]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAF36A4FFEF5E32FF02F53EFB1C57CA" blockId="4.[151,1437,152,850]" box="[197,1244,375,402]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="B964EAB6FFEF5E32FF02F53EFEA557C9" bold="true" box="[197,357,375,401]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
This species is currently known only from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3077634FFEF5E32FCA5F531FC5157CA" box="[866,913,376,402]" name="Iran" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Iran</collectingCountry>
|
||
(East
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3077634FFEF5E32FC1BF531FB9D57CA" box="[988,1117,376,402]" name="Azerbaijan" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Azerbaijan</collectingCountry>
|
||
province).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30A652FFFEF5E32FF02F5D4FDFD550A" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAF36A4FFEF5E32FF02F5D4FDFD550A" blockId="4.[151,1437,152,850]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="B964EAB6FFEF5E32FF02F5D4FE8257EF" bold="true" box="[197,322,413,439]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF814B55FFEF5E32FE8DF5D4FDD857EF" author="Evenhuis" box="[330,536,413,439]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" refString="Evenhuis, N. L. (2009) Order Diptera, family Mythicomyiidae. In: van Harten, A. (Ed.), Arthropod fauna of the UAE, Vol. 2. Dar Al Ummah, Adu Dhabi, pp. 714 - 740." type="book" year="2009">Evenhuis (2009)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, in describing the new species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C104D27FFEF5E32FC52F5D4FBCA57EE" box="[917,1034,413,438]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Empidideicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parvus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B964EAB6FFEF5E32FC52F5D4FBCA57EE" box="[917,1034,413,438]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">E. parvus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3077634FFEF5E32FB43F5D4FB0557EF" box="[1156,1221,413,439]" name="United Arab Emirates" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">UAE</collectingCountry>
|
||
, used a diverging brown pattern in the prescutellar area as a diagnostic character and mentioned this character wasn’t seen in any other known
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C104D27FFEF5E32FEB1F5A1FDE25459" box="[374,546,488,513]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Empidideicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B964EAB6FFEF5E32FEB1F5A1FDE25459" box="[374,546,488,513]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Empidideicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Using his key,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C104D27FFEF5E32FD34F5A1FCB05459" box="[755,880,488,513]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Empidideicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B964EAB6FFEF5E32FD34F5A1FCB05459" box="[755,880,488,513]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">E. amicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
runs to above-mentioned species and some specimens show a similar faint prescutellar pattern when dried by HMDS, although this pattern is not as prominent as the photo presented for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C104D27FFEF5E32FD91F67BFD095413" box="[598,713,562,587]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Empidideicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parvus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B964EAB6FFEF5E32FD91F67BFD095413" box="[598,713,562,587]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">E. parvus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF814B55FFEF5E32FD37F67BFC755414" author="Evenhuis" box="[752,949,562,588]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" refString="Evenhuis, N. L. (2009) Order Diptera, family Mythicomyiidae. In: van Harten, A. (Ed.), Arthropod fauna of the UAE, Vol. 2. Dar Al Ummah, Adu Dhabi, pp. 714 - 740." type="book" year="2009">Evenhuis (2009)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. In Iranian specimens, the pattern that is noticeable is two brown small spots at the posterolateral margins of mesonotum. Interestingly the prescutellar mark used by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF814B55FFEF5E32FEF8F634FDC354CF" author="Evenhuis" box="[319,515,637,663]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" refString="Evenhuis, N. L. (2009) Order Diptera, family Mythicomyiidae. In: van Harten, A. (Ed.), Arthropod fauna of the UAE, Vol. 2. Dar Al Ummah, Adu Dhabi, pp. 714 - 740." type="book" year="2009">Evenhuis (2009)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
is present in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C104D27FFEF5E32FD63F634FCD854CE" box="[676,792,637,662]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Empidideicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B964EAB6FFEF5E32FD63F634FCD854CE" box="[676,792,637,662]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">E. amicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but not clearly seen in all dried specimens or in some preserved in alcohol, so we think this character should be used with more care. For more accurate identification of species, other constant characters such as female or male genitalia should be studied in detail. In any case,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C104D27FFEF5E32FEF6F6A4FDF4555E" box="[305,564,749,774]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Empidideicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B964EAB6FFEF5E32FEF6F6A4FDF4555E" box="[305,564,749,774]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Empidideicus amicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is easily distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C104D27FFEF5E32FC51F6A4FBCB555E" box="[918,1035,749,774]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Empidideicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parvus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B964EAB6FFEF5E32FC51F6A4FBCB555E" box="[918,1035,749,774]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">E. parvus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the yellow frons (the frons is brown with a yellow line along the inner eye margin in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C104D27FFEF5E32FC87F75BFC745573" box="[832,948,786,811]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Empidideicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parvus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B964EAB6FFEF5E32FC87F75BFC745573" box="[832,948,786,811]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">E. parvus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and the sclerotised area around female genital orifice (absent in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C104D27FFEF5E32FE7BF771FDEC5509" box="[444,556,824,849]" class="Insecta" family="Bombyliidae" genus="Empidideicus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parvus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B964EAB6FFEF5E32FE7BF771FDEC5509" box="[444,556,824,849]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">E. parvus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |