treatments-xml/data/05/58/87/055887EB0210FF8971F1F856FC00A76D.xml

<document ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.570.2.1" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7256486" checkinTime="1666856657572" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Tagane, Shuichiro, Souvannakhoummane, Keooudone &amp; Souldeth, Phetlasy" docDate="2022" docId="055887EB0210FF8971F1F856FC00A76D" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.570.2.1.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 570 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.570.2.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.5:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="5" docTitle="Croton nagaoi Tagane, Soulad. &amp; Souvann. A. Flowering 2022, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="1" lastPageNumber="106" masterDocId="F961FF930210FF8D7179FFEEFFFAA020" masterDocTitle="Croton nagaoi, a new species of Euphorbiaceae from southern Laos" masterLastPageNumber="108" masterPageNumber="102" pageNumber="102" updateTime="1666892517128" updateUser="jonas" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Croton nagaoi, a new species of Euphorbiaceae from southern Laos</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Tagane, Shuichiro</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">0000-0002-1974-7329</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>The Kagoshima University Museum, Kagoshima University, 1 - 21 - 30, Korimoto, Kagoshima, 890 - 0065, Japan stagane 29 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 1974 - 7329</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">stagane29@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Souvannakhoummane, Keooudone</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">0000-0003-4875-8307</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Faculty of Natural Science, National University of Laos, Dongdok Campus, Xaythany District, Vientiane Capital, Laos keooudone 1988 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 4875 - 8307</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">keooudone1988@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Souldeth, Phetlasy</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">0000-0001-8563-1773</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Faculty of Forestry Science, National University of Laos, Dongdok Campus, Xaythany District, Vientiane Capital, Laos p. souladeth @ nuol. edu. la; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 8563 - 1773</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">p.souladeth@nuol.edu.la</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Phytotaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2022-10-27</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>570</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="issue">
<mods:number>2</mods:number>
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<mods:start>102</mods:start>
<mods:end>108</mods:end>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.570.2.1</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.11646/phytotaxa.570.2.1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ISSN">1179-3163</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">7256486</mods:identifier>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:055887EB0210FF8971F1F856FC00A76D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/055887EB0210FF8971F1F856FC00A76D" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="106" pageId="0" pageNumber="102">
<subSubSection box="[136,790,1975,1998]" pageId="0" pageNumber="102" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph blockId="0.[136,1452,1975,2070]" box="[136,790,1975,1998]" pageId="0" pageNumber="102">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,582,1975,1997]" pageId="0" pageNumber="102">
<taxonomicName authority="Tagane, Soulad. &amp; Souvann." authorityName="Tagane, Soulad. &amp; Souvann. A. Flowering" authorityYear="2022" box="[136,576,1975,1997]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="102" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nagaoi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,279,1976,1997]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="102">Croton nagaoi</emphasis>
Tagane, Soulad. &amp; Souvann.
</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
<emphasis box="[587,661,1976,1997]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="102">
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[587,661,1976,1997]" pageId="0" pageNumber="102" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation box="[673,739,1976,1998]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[136,229,1971,1993]" captionTargetBox="[209,1378,533,1946]" captionTargetId="figure-189@2.[209,1378,533,1946]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Croton nagaoi Tagane, Soulad.&amp; Souvann.A. branches; B. staminate flower with a bracteole; C. petals (outside); D. stamens, back view; E. stamen, front view; F. stamen, lateral view; G. fruit; H. seed.All from Tagane et al. L2459 (KAG [KAG128559]). Scale bars: A = 3 cm, B–F = 1 mm, G = 8 mm, H = 5 mm. Line drawing by K. Souvannakhoummane." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7256490" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7256490/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="102">Figs. 2</figureCitation>
&amp; 
<figureCitation box="[770,782,1976,1997]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="3.[136,229,1893,1915]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,190,1869]" captionTargetId="figure-23@3.[164,1423,190,1869]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 3. Croton nagaoi Tagane, Soulad. &amp; Souvann.A. Flowering branch; B. portion of abaxial leaf surface; C. base of leaf showing basal gland lateral on base of midrib; D. stellate hairs on lower leaf surface; E. inflorescence consisting of staminate flowers; F. staminate flower; G. petal of staminate flower; H. stamen; J. fruit; K. pistillate flower, lateral view, showing sepals and petals; L. petals of pistillate flower; M. stigma; N. seed. All from Tagane et al. L2459. Scale bars: D = 0.5 mm, G, H, L, M = 1 mm, N = 5 mm. Photographs by S. Tagane." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7256494" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7256494/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="102">3</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="102" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph blockId="0.[136,1452,1975,2070]" pageId="0" pageNumber="102">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2018-12-15" collectorName="Tagane &amp; Nagahama &amp; Souladeth &amp; Pisuttimarn" country="Laos" elevation="231" latitude="15.112378" location="Ba Chieng Chlernsouk" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="105.97967" pageId="0" pageNumber="102" specimenCount="231" stateProvince="Champasak" typeStatus="holotype">
TYPE: 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[203,227,2012,2033]" pageId="0" pageNumber="102">—</emphasis>
<collectingCountry box="[227,293,2012,2033]" name="Laos" pageId="0" pageNumber="102">LAOS</collectingCountry>
. 
<collectingRegion box="[305,515,2012,2034]" country="Laos" name="Champasak" pageId="0" pageNumber="102">Champasak Province</collectingRegion>
: 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:055887EB0210FF8971F1F856FC00A76D:882E60260210FF8D7369F832FD09A7D2" box="[528,755,2012,2034]" country="Laos" latitude="15.112378" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="105.97967" name="Ba Chieng Chlernsouk" pageId="0" pageNumber="102" stateProvince="Champasak">Ba Chieng Chlernsouk</location>
, 
<geoCoordinate box="[769,915,2010,2033]" degrees="15" direction="north" minutes="06" orientation="latitude" pageId="0" pageNumber="102" precision="1" seconds="44.56" value="15.112378">15°06′44.56″N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate box="[928,1072,2010,2033]" degrees="105" direction="east" minutes="58" orientation="longitude" pageId="0" pageNumber="102" precision="1" seconds="46.8" value="105.97967">105°58′46.8″E</geoCoordinate>
, 
<specimenCount box="[1085,1158,2012,2033]" pageId="0" pageNumber="102" type="generic">
<quantity box="[1085,1154,2012,2033]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.31" pageId="0" pageNumber="102" unit="m" value="231.0">
<elevation box="[1085,1154,2012,2033]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.31" pageId="0" pageNumber="102" unit="m" value="231.0">231 m</elevation>
</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
, 
<date box="[1171,1362,2012,2034]" pageId="0" pageNumber="102" value="2018-12-15">
<collectingDate box="[1171,1362,2012,2034]" pageId="0" pageNumber="102" value="2018-12-15">15 December 2018</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="102">
<collectorName box="[1376,1448,2012,2033]" pageId="0" pageNumber="102">Tagane</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName box="[189,297,2048,2069]" pageId="0" pageNumber="102">Nagahama</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName box="[307,403,2048,2069]" pageId="0" pageNumber="102">Souladeth</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName box="[433,567,2048,2069]" pageId="0" pageNumber="102">Pisuttimarn L</collectorName>
2459
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus box="[626,712,2048,2070]" pageId="0" pageNumber="102">holotype</typeStatus>
KAG [KAG128559!],
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation box="[936,1224,2048,2070]" collectingDate="2018-12-15" collectorName="Tagane &amp; Nagahama &amp; Souladeth &amp; Pisuttimarn" country="Laos" elevation="231" latitude="15.112378" location="Ba Chieng Chlernsouk" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="105.97967" pageId="0" pageNumber="102" specimenCount="231" stateProvince="Champasak" typeStatus="isotype">isotype FOF [FOF0005791!])</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7256488" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7256488" box="[136,1006,1539,1561]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7256488/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="103" startId="1.[136,229,1539,1561]" targetBox="[268,1308,226,1495]" targetPageId="1">
<paragraph blockId="1.[136,1006,1539,1561]" box="[136,1006,1539,1561]" pageId="1" pageNumber="103">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,247,1539,1561]" pageId="1" pageNumber="103">FIGURE 1</emphasis>
. Type locality of 
<taxonomicName authority="Tagane, Soulad. &amp; Souvann." authorityName="Tagane, Soulad. &amp; Souvann. A. Flowering" authorityYear="2022" box="[417,837,1539,1561]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="1" pageNumber="103" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nagaoi">
<emphasis box="[417,557,1539,1561]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="103">Croton nagaoi</emphasis>
Tagane, Soulad. &amp; Souvann.
</taxonomicName>
(closed triangle).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="103" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph blockId="1.[136,1452,1607,2066]" pageId="1" pageNumber="103">
Most similar to 
<taxonomicName authority="Gagnepain (1921: 560)" authorityName="Gagnepain" authorityPageNumber="560" authorityYear="1921" box="[313,745,1607,1634]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="1" pageNumber="103" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="thorelii">
<emphasis box="[313,479,1607,1634]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="103">Croton thorelii</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Gagnepain, F." box="[486,745,1607,1634]" pageId="1" pageNumber="103" pagination="548 - 562" refId="ref2500" refString="Gagnepain, F. (1921) Euphorbiacees nouvelles d'Indo-China (Croton). Bulletin de la Societe Botanique de France 68: 548 - 562. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00378941.1921.10836236" type="journal article" year="1921">Gagnepain (1921: 560)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
of 
<collectingCountry box="[782,839,1608,1634]" name="Laos" pageId="1" pageNumber="103">Laos</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry box="[850,968,1607,1633]" name="Cambodia" pageId="1" pageNumber="103">Cambodia</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry box="[978,1078,1607,1633]" name="Thailand" pageId="1" pageNumber="103">Thailand</collectingCountry>
and 
<collectingCountry box="[1131,1226,1607,1633]" name="Vietnam" pageId="1" pageNumber="103">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
in size and shape of lamina, short petioles less than 
<quantity box="[489,544,1643,1670]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="103" unit="cm" value="1.0">1 cm</quantity>
long, and basal glands lateral on the abaxial midrib base, but distinguished from it by its lower leaf surface densely covered with persistent yellowish-cream stellate hairs (vs. very sparsely pubescent and glabrescent in 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gagnepain" authorityYear="1921" box="[347,460,1715,1742]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="1" pageNumber="103" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="thorelii">
<emphasis box="[347,460,1715,1742]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="103">C. thorelii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) (
<figureCitation box="[485,554,1715,1741]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="4.[136,229,731,753]" captionTargetBox="[183,1404,190,707]" captionTargetId="figure-18@4.[183,1404,190,707]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 4. Croton thorelii Gagnep. A &amp; C from Tagane et al. 6796 (FU), B from Tagane et al. 6798 (FU). Photographs by S. Tagane." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7256496" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7256496/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="103">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
), and the presence of petals in pistillate flowers (vs. absence).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="104" pageId="1" pageNumber="103" type="description">
<paragraph blockId="1.[136,1452,1607,2066]" lastBlockId="2.[136,1452,158,509]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="104" pageId="1" pageNumber="103">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,275,1751,1777]" pageId="1" pageNumber="103">Shrubs</emphasis>
to 
<quantity box="[306,368,1751,1778]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="103" unit="m" value="1.5">1.5 m</quantity>
tall.Young branches densely covered with stellate hairs, these persistent, yellowish-cream, 
<quantity metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="103" unit="mm" value="0.4" valueMax="0.5" valueMin="0.3">0.3–0.5 mm</quantity>
in diam., with (14–)18–24 free or only basally fused radii. Stipules narrowly lanceolate, 
<quantity box="[1172,1285,1787,1814]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="103" unit="mm" value="1.75" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.5">1.5–2 mm</quantity>
long, glabrous adaxially, stellate hairy abaxially. 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[515,597,1823,1849]" pageId="1" pageNumber="103">Leaves</emphasis>
pseudo-verticillate, seemingly 3–5 leaves at nodes; petiole 
<quantity box="[1263,1388,1823,1850]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="103" unit="cm" value="0.44999999999999996" valueMax="0.6" valueMin="0.3">0.3–0.6 cm</quantity>
long, densely pubescent; blade oblanceolate to obovate-elliptic, (3.3–)5.5–17.6 × (1.1–) 
<quantity box="[1049,1181,1859,1886]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.35" metricValueMax="6.3" metricValueMin="2.4" pageId="1" pageNumber="103" unit="cm" value="4.35" valueMax="6.3" valueMin="2.4">2.4–6.3 cm</quantity>
, thinly coriaceous, apex shortly acuminate, base rounded-subcordate, margin serrate, teeth 
<quantity box="[903,999,1895,1922]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="103" unit="mm" value="6.0" valueMax="9.0" valueMin="3.0">3–9 mm</quantity>
apart, grayish green to light yellowish brown adaxially, glabrous except midrib adaxially, light yellowish brown, densely covered with yellowish-cream stellate hairs abaxially; basal glands 2, sessile, elevated, lateral on the abaxial midrib base, marginal glands absent; midrib prominent on both surfaces, secondary veins 9–15 pairs, not triplinerved, prominent abaxially, tertiary veins indistinct. 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[253,411,2039,2065]" pageId="1" pageNumber="103">Inflorescence</emphasis>
(sub)terminal, solitary, 
<quantity box="[675,799,2039,2066]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.3" metricValueMax="5.9" metricValueMin="2.7" pageId="1" pageNumber="103" unit="cm" value="4.3" valueMax="5.9" valueMin="2.7">2.7–5.9 cm</quantity>
long, stellate-hairy throughout, with 1–5 pistillate flowers, sometimes completely staminate; bracts caducous, not seen, bracteoles lanceolate, ca. 
<quantity box="[1109,1174,158,185]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="104" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
long, densely pubescent outside, glabrous inside. 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[416,632,194,220]" pageId="2" pageNumber="104">Staminate flowers</emphasis>
: pedicel ca. 
<quantity box="[774,839,194,221]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="104" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
long; bracteoles narrowly triangular, ca. 
<quantity box="[1301,1388,194,221]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="2" pageNumber="104" unit="mm" value="2.2">2.2 mm</quantity>
long, pubescent outside, glabrous inside, sepals ovate-triangular, ca. 2 × 
<quantity box="[881,948,230,257]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="104" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
, covered with yellowish-cream stellate hairs, glabrous inside, apex acute, margin ciliate; petals ovate-elliptic, ca. 2.2 × 
<quantity box="[960,1048,266,293]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="2" pageNumber="104" unit="mm" value="1.2">1.2 mm</quantity>
, pubescent outside, glabrous inside, apex obtuse; stamens 
<quantity box="[383,441,302,328]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.048" pageId="2" pageNumber="104" unit="in" value="12.0">12 in</quantity>
4 whorls, ca. 
<quantity box="[600,687,302,329]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="2" pageNumber="104" unit="mm" value="2.3">2.3 mm</quantity>
long, filament 
<quantity box="[860,974,302,329]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="2" pageNumber="104" unit="mm" value="1.7" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.4">1.4–2 mm</quantity>
long, pubescent, anthers ca. 
<quantity box="[1301,1387,302,329]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="104" unit="mm" value="0.7">0.7 mm</quantity>
long. 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,337,338,364]" pageId="2" pageNumber="104">Pistillate flowers</emphasis>
: pedicel ca. 
<quantity box="[489,557,338,365]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="104" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
long, densely stellate hairy; sepals ovate-triangular, ca 3.5–4 × 
<quantity box="[1302,1373,338,365]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="104" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
, dense stellate-hairy outside, glabrous inside; petals ovate-elliptic, ca. 3 × 
<quantity box="[877,964,374,401]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="104" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
, covered with simple hairs only, apex acute, margin ciliate; ovary ca. 
<quantity box="[418,505,410,437]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="104" unit="mm" value="3.5">3.5 mm</quantity>
in diam., with densely stellate hairs; style column absent, stigmas ca. 
<quantity box="[1300,1387,410,437]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="104" unit="mm" value="3.5">3.5 mm</quantity>
long, bifid at ca. 
<quantity box="[260,324,446,473]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="104" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
from base. 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[453,526,446,472]" pageId="2" pageNumber="104">Fruits</emphasis>
subglobose, ca. 
<quantity box="[710,785,446,473]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="104" unit="cm" value="0.8">0.8 cm</quantity>
in diam., sulcate, covered with stellate hairs. 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1291,1358,446,472]" pageId="2" pageNumber="104">Seeds</emphasis>
1–3, ca. 
<quantity box="[136,222,482,509]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="104" unit="mm" value="6.5">6.5 mm</quantity>
long, pale brown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7256490" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7256490" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7256490/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="104" startId="2.[136,229,1971,1993]" targetBox="[209,1378,533,1946]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph blockId="2.[136,1452,1971,2065]" pageId="2" pageNumber="104">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,246,1971,1993]" pageId="2" pageNumber="104">FIGURE 2</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName authority="Tagane, Soulad. &amp; Souvann. A." authorityName="Tagane, Soulad. &amp; Souvann. A." box="[257,700,1971,1993]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="104" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nagaoi">
<emphasis box="[257,396,1972,1993]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="104">Croton nagaoi</emphasis>
Tagane, Soulad. &amp; Souvann. A.
</taxonomicName>
branches; B. staminate flower with a bracteole; C. petals (outside); D. stamens, back view; E. stamen, front view; F. stamen, lateral view; G. fruit; H. seed.All from 
<emphasis box="[931,1120,2007,2029]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="104">Tagane et al. L2459</emphasis>
(KAG [KAG128559]). Scale bars: A = 3 cm, B–F = 1 mm, G = 8 mm, H = 5 mm. Line drawing by K. Souvannakhoummane.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7256494" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7256494" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7256494/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="105" startId="3.[136,229,1893,1915]" targetBox="[164,1423,190,1869]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph blockId="3.[136,1452,1893,2059]" pageId="3" pageNumber="105">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,247,1893,1915]" pageId="3" pageNumber="105">FIGURE 3</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName authority="Tagane, Soulad. &amp; Souvann. A. Flowering" authorityName="Tagane, Soulad. &amp; Souvann. A. Flowering" authorityYear="2022" box="[259,813,1894,1916]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="3" pageNumber="105" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nagaoi">
<emphasis box="[259,400,1894,1915]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="105">Croton nagaoi</emphasis>
Tagane, Soulad. &amp; Souvann. A. Flowering
</taxonomicName>
branch; B. portion of abaxial leaf surface; C. base of leaf showing basal gland lateral on base of midrib; D. stellate hairs on lower leaf surface; E. inflorescence consisting of staminate flowers; F. staminate flower; G. petal of staminate flower; H. stamen; J. fruit; K. pistillate flower, lateral view, showing sepals and petals; L. petals of pistillate flower; M. stigma; N. seed. All from 
<emphasis box="[501,695,2002,2023]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="105">Tagane et al. L2459</emphasis>
. Scale bars: D = 0.5 mm, G, H, L, M = 1 mm, N = 5 mm. Photographs by S. Tagane.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7256496" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7256496" box="[136,1432,731,753]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7256496/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="106" startId="4.[136,229,731,753]" targetBox="[183,1404,190,707]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph blockId="4.[136,1432,731,753]" box="[136,1432,731,753]" pageId="4" pageNumber="106">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,254,731,753]" pageId="4" pageNumber="106">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="Gagnep. A" authorityName="Gagnep. A" box="[259,510,731,753]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="106" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="thorelii">
<emphasis box="[259,403,731,753]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="106">Croton thorelii</emphasis>
Gagnep. A
</taxonomicName>
&amp; C from 
<emphasis box="[615,793,731,753]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="106">Tagane et al. 6796</emphasis>
(FU), B from 
<emphasis box="[932,1110,731,753]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="106">Tagane et al. 6798</emphasis>
(FU). Photographs by S. Tagane.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection box="[189,912,799,826]" pageId="4" pageNumber="106" type="distribution">
<paragraph blockId="4.[136,1452,799,1870]" box="[189,912,799,826]" pageId="4" pageNumber="106">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,373,799,825]" pageId="4" pageNumber="106">Distribution:—</emphasis>
<collectingCountry box="[373,427,800,826]" name="Laos" pageId="4" pageNumber="106">Laos</collectingCountry>
(so far known only from the 
<typeStatus box="[756,804,800,826]" pageId="4" pageNumber="106">type</typeStatus>
locality).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="106" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph blockId="4.[136,1452,799,1870]" box="[189,1256,835,862]" pageId="4" pageNumber="106">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,318,835,861]" pageId="4" pageNumber="106">Habitat:—</emphasis>
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:055887EB0210FF8971F1F856FC00A76D:882E60260214FF897047FCAAFE76A37E" box="[318,396,836,862]" name="In area" pageId="4" pageNumber="106">In area</location>
of seasonal dry evergreen forest, roadside thickets; at an elevation of 
<specimenCount box="[1178,1256,836,862]" pageId="4" pageNumber="106" type="generic">
<quantity box="[1178,1252,836,862]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.31" pageId="4" pageNumber="106" unit="m" value="231.0">
<elevation box="[1178,1252,836,862]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.31" pageId="4" pageNumber="106" unit="m" value="231.0">231 m</elevation>
</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="4.[136,1452,799,1870]" box="[189,762,871,898]" pageId="4" pageNumber="106">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,351,872,898]" pageId="4" pageNumber="106">Phenology:—</emphasis>
Flowering and fruiting in December.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="106" type="etymology">
<paragraph blockId="4.[136,1452,799,1870]" pageId="4" pageNumber="106">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,356,908,934]" pageId="4" pageNumber="106">Etymology:—</emphasis>
The species epithet is dedicated to the excellent Nagao Natural Environment Foundation (http:// www.nagaofoundation.or.jp/e/) that has promoted nature conservation in Asia-Pacific countries since its establishment in 1989. Thanks to their support, we could have intensive field surveys on the Bolaven Plateau, which resulted in a better understanding of the flora of Bolaven and the discovery of more than 18 new species including the new species of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Linnaeus (1753:" authorityYear="1004" box="[256,334,1052,1078]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="106" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[256,334,1052,1078]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="106">Croton</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
described in this study and 65 new country records (e.g. 
<bibRefCitation author="Souladeth, P. &amp; Tagane, S. &amp; Newman, M. F. &amp; Prajaksood, A." box="[982,1225,1051,1078]" pageId="4" pageNumber="106" pagination="56" refId="ref2956" refString="Souladeth, P., Tagane, S., Newman, M. F. &amp; Prajaksood, A. (2020) Two new species of Eriocaulon (Eriocaulaceae) from Laos. Kew Bulletin 75: Article number 56. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / S 12225 - 020 - 09909 - 0" type="journal article" year="2020">
Souladeth 
<emphasis box="[1101,1158,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="106">et al.</emphasis>
2020
</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation author="Tagane, S. &amp; Souladeth, P. &amp; Kongxaysavath, P. &amp; Rueangurea, S. &amp; Suddee, S. &amp; Suyama, Y. &amp; Suzuki, E. &amp; Yahara, T." box="[1236,1447,1051,1078]" pageId="4" pageNumber="106" pagination="111 - 126" refId="ref3243" refString="Tagane, S., Souladeth, P., Kongxaysavath, P., Rueangurea, S., Suddee, S., Suyama, Y., Suzuki, E. &amp; Yahara, T. (2020) Two new species and 18 new recrods for the for a of Laos. Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany) 49: 111 - 126. https: // doi. org / 10.20531 / tfb. 2021.49.1.14" type="journal article" year="2020">
Tagane 
<emphasis box="[1324,1381,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="106">et al.</emphasis>
2020
</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation author="Souvannakhoummane, K. &amp; Lanorsavanh, S. &amp; Tagane, S. &amp; Souladeth, P. &amp; Phonpaseuth, P. &amp; Pongamornkul, W. &amp; Lamxay, V." box="[136,514,1087,1114]" pageId="4" pageNumber="106" pagination="427 - 456" refId="ref3016" refString="Souvannakhoummane, K., Lanorsavanh, S., Tagane, S., Souladeth, P., Phonpaseuth, P., Pongamornkul, W. &amp; Lamxay, V. (2021) Six new species and eight new records of Gesneriaceae from Laos. Gardens' Bulletin Singapore 73: 427 - 456. https: // doi. org / 10.26492 / gbs 73 (2). 2021 - 13" type="journal article" year="2021">
Souvannakhoummane 
<emphasis box="[392,448,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="106">et al.</emphasis>
2021
</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation author="Vongthavone, T. &amp; Tagane, S. &amp; Phonepaseuth, P. &amp; Souvannakhoummane, K. &amp; Souladeth, P." box="[524,802,1087,1114]" pageId="4" pageNumber="106" pagination="182 - 190" refId="ref3348" refString="Vongthavone, T., Tagane, S., Phonepaseuth, P., Souvannakhoummane, K. &amp; Souladeth, P. (2021) Twelve new records of pteridophytes from Bolaven Plateau, southern Laos. Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany) 49: 182 - 190. https: // doi. org / 10.20531 / tfb. 2021.49.2.05" type="journal article" year="2021">
Vongthavone 
<emphasis box="[679,735,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="106">et al.</emphasis>
2021
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="106" type="vernacular_names">
<paragraph blockId="4.[136,1452,799,1870]" pageId="4" pageNumber="106">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,433,1124,1150]" pageId="4" pageNumber="106">Vernacular name:—</emphasis>
Pao Dong (suggested here; ‘Pao’ refers to the genus 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Linnaeus (1753:" authorityYear="1004" box="[1101,1179,1124,1150]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="106" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[1101,1179,1124,1150]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="106">Croton</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and ‘Dong’ refers to the forest area).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="106" type="conservation">
<paragraph blockId="4.[136,1452,799,1870]" pageId="4" pageNumber="106">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,669,1195,1222]" pageId="4" pageNumber="106">Preliminary conservation assessment:—</emphasis>
Critically Endangered (CR). During our five field surveys in Bolaven Plateau in 2018–2020, we found only a small population with ca. 10 individuals of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tagane, Soulad. &amp; Souvann. A. Flowering" authorityYear="2022" box="[1068,1231,1232,1258]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="106" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nagaoi">
<emphasis box="[1068,1231,1232,1258]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="106">Croton nagaoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the 
<typeStatus box="[1307,1355,1232,1258]" pageId="4" pageNumber="106">type</typeStatus>
locality. Therefore, the most appropriate initial assessment of the IUCN conservation status for this species is Critically Endangered (CR) under criteria D (
<bibRefCitation author="IUCN" box="[543,684,1304,1330]" pageId="4" pageNumber="106" refId="ref2658" refString="IUCN (2012) IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: version 3.1, second edition. IUCN, Gland and Cambridge, 32 pp." type="book" year="2012">IUCN 2012</bibRefCitation>
). We collected this species in the roadside thickets beside a rubber plantation field, and this species might be locally common in such disturbed areas. However, surrounding areas of the 
<typeStatus box="[136,184,1376,1402]" pageId="4" pageNumber="106">type</typeStatus>
locality have been converted to rubber plantation at large scale, implying that much of the habitat was already lost. We need to collect further information on its distribution and number of individuals/populations to accurately assess the conservation status.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="106" type="discussion">
<paragraph blockId="4.[136,1452,799,1870]" pageId="4" pageNumber="106">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,283,1484,1510]" pageId="4" pageNumber="106">Note:—</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tagane, Soulad. &amp; Souvann. A. Flowering" authorityYear="2022" box="[283,446,1484,1510]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="106" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nagaoi">
<emphasis box="[283,446,1484,1510]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="106">Croton nagaoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is characterized by the indumentum of dense, persistent yellowish-cream stellate hairs on the young twigs, lower leaf surface, inflorescences and fruits, pseudo-verticillate leaves in seemingly 3–5 at nodes, short petioles 
<quantity box="[291,415,1555,1582]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="106" unit="cm" value="0.44999999999999996" valueMax="0.6" valueMin="0.3">0.3–0.6 cm</quantity>
long, oblanceolate to obovate-elliptic lamina (3.3–)5.5–17.6 × (1.1–) 
<quantity box="[1181,1312,1555,1582]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.35" metricValueMax="6.3" metricValueMin="2.4" pageId="4" pageNumber="106" unit="cm" value="4.35" valueMax="6.3" valueMin="2.4">2.4–6.3 cm</quantity>
, and pinnate secondary veins of 9–15 on each side, by which combination it is clearly distinguished from the other species of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Linnaeus (1753:" authorityYear="1004" box="[1373,1451,1592,1618]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="106" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[1373,1451,1592,1618]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="106">Croton</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in 
<collectingCountry box="[165,219,1628,1654]" name="Laos" pageId="4" pageNumber="106">Laos</collectingCountry>
and its surrounding countries. 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tagane, Soulad. &amp; Souvann. A. Flowering" authorityYear="2022" box="[565,729,1628,1654]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="106" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nagaoi">
<emphasis box="[565,729,1628,1654]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="106">Croton nagaoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is most similar to 
<emphasis box="[935,1056,1627,1654]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="106">
<taxonomicName box="[935,1052,1627,1654]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="106" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="thorelii">C. thorelii</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
and the two species might be close relatives. However, in addition to the diagnosis mentioned above, 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tagane, Soulad. &amp; Souvann. A. Flowering" authorityYear="2022" box="[886,998,1664,1690]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="106" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nagaoi">
<emphasis box="[886,998,1664,1690]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="106">C. nagaoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is distinguishable from 
<taxonomicName box="[1272,1387,1663,1690]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="106" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="thorelii">
<emphasis box="[1272,1387,1663,1690]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="106">C. thorelii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in its larger stellate hairs (
<quantity box="[365,502,1699,1726]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="106" unit="mm" value="0.4" valueMax="0.5" valueMin="0.3">0.3–0.5 mm</quantity>
in diam. in 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tagane, Soulad. &amp; Souvann. A. Flowering" authorityYear="2022" box="[638,750,1700,1726]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="106" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nagaoi">
<emphasis box="[638,750,1700,1726]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="106">C. nagaoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
vs. 
<quantity box="[796,932,1700,1726]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="106" unit="mm" value="0.25" valueMax="0.3" valueMin="0.2">0.2–0.3 mm</quantity>
in diam. in 
<taxonomicName box="[1068,1183,1699,1726]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="106" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="thorelii">
<emphasis box="[1068,1183,1699,1726]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="106">C. thorelii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), longer stipules (
<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="106" unit="mm" value="1.75" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.5">1.5–2 mm</quantity>
vs. 
<quantity box="[226,292,1736,1762]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="106" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
long), smaller sepals and petals of staminate flowers (sepals and petals ca. 
<quantity box="[1140,1226,1736,1762]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="4" pageNumber="106" unit="mm" value="2.2">2.2 mm</quantity>
long vs. 
<quantity box="[1329,1395,1736,1762]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="106" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
long and 
<quantity box="[183,269,1771,1798]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="106" unit="mm" value="2.5">2.5 mm</quantity>
long, respectively), and longer bifid styles ca. 
<quantity box="[790,876,1771,1798]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="106" unit="mm" value="3.5">3.5 mm</quantity>
long (vs. 
<quantity box="[986,1100,1771,1798]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="106" unit="mm" value="1.75" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.5">1.5–2 mm</quantity>
long and often quadrifid; 
<bibRefCitation author="Esser, H. - J." pageId="4" pageNumber="106" pagination="189 - 226" refId="ref2344" refString="Esser, H. - J. (2005) Croton. In: Chayamarit, K. &amp; van Welzen, P. C. (eds.) Flora of Thailand 8 (1), Euphorbiaceae (Genera A - F). The Forest Herbarium, Bangkok, pp. 189 - 226." type="book chapter" year="2005">Esser 2005</bibRefCitation>
). Further phylogenetic work will be necessary to understand their relationship and evolutionary history. The specimens of 
<taxonomicName box="[290,404,1843,1870]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="106" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="thorelii">
<emphasis box="[290,404,1843,1870]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="106">C. thorelii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
we examined in this study are shown in the Appendix.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>