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<mods:classification id="D8FBBD70123D41FFACEAEA0928624552">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="EED006E60CFD928B872E64475773316A" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="7A286656853C3DCE51486604CF16B705" type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-240-1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="7AD50DEFA79A04F3BC9187F178BF069B" type="Pensoft-UUID">B699D9DE2B435B1093DE3C38C703D430</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="01BCB55D3BAF0DBADA4896D111BBEE83" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:01BCB55D3BAF0DBADA4896D111BBEE83" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/01BCB55D3BAF0DBADA4896D111BBEE83" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<subSubSection id="B1FE48D5896B39B73E19AA4FDAE565AB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="EA8EA998B3CD52002625522F35B558EE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="6ED7726C17570EBB79129176BC68A955" ID-CoL="9CRXK" authority="(Benth.) Schweinf., Reliq. Kotschy.: 7. 1868." authorityName="(Benth.) Schweinf., Reliq. Kotschy.: 7. 1868." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Anonychium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Anonychium" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Anonychium (Benth.) Schweinf., Reliq. Kotschy.: 7. 1868.</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A3E4D7BE5542ECC181100A5AF42CA7C9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph id="014AB6818432301276A36AA222B9DB48" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<figureCitation id="56E7B895EE2C4F6A1737B0CDF41C9378" captionStart="Figure 127" captionStartId="F134" captionText="Figure 127. Habit, habitats, inflorescences, and fruits of Newtonia and allies A small tree of Anonychium africanum (Guill. &amp; Perr.) C. E. Hughes &amp; G. P. Lewis in Senegal, West Africa B small twisted treelet of Plathymenia reticulata Benth. in savanna grasslands (Cerrado) in eastern Bolivia C large, buttressed tree base of Fillaeopsis discophora Harms in tropical wet forest, Ebo, Cameroon D large buttressed tree base of Newtonia buchananii (Baker f.) G. C. C. Gilbert &amp; Boutique in semi-evergreen forest in Mozambique E spicate inflorescence of Anonychium africanum F spicate inflorescences of Plathymenia reticulata, eastern Bolivia G spicate inflorescences of Fillaeopsis discophora, Gabon H spicate inflorescences of Newtonia buchananii in Malawi I indehiscent pods of Anonychium africanum collected as livestock feed in Burkina Faso, West Africa J tardily dehiscent pods with chartaceous or weakly coriaceous valves of Plathymenia reticulata, eastern Bolivia K pod valves and papery endocarp packets surrounding seeds of Plathymenia reticulata, Bahia, Brazil L tardily dehiscent pods with chartaceous valves of Fillaeopsis discophora in tropical wet forest in Mayombe, Congo (Brazzaville) M large winged seeds of Fillaeopsis discophora in tropical wet forest in Ambam, Cameroon N fruits and winged seeds of Newtonia buchananii in cultivation in South Africa. Photo credits A S Christensen www. westafricanplants. senckenberg. de B, F, J, K, N CE Hughes C, L, M X van der Burgt D Stefaan Dondeyne E M Arbonnier https: // agritrop. cirad. fr / G E Bidault, Missouri Botanical Garden, http: // legacy. tropicos. org / Image / 100618759 H G Baumann www. westafricanplants. senckenberg. de I M Schmidt www. westafricanplants. senckenberg. de." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716.figure127" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1014799" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 127</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="AD4FF9CA5C89594597E28015734CD1FA" captionStart="Figure 128" captionStartId="F135" captionText="Figure 128. Distribution of Anonychium based on quality-controlled digitised herbarium records. See Suppl. material 1 for the source of occurrence data." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716.figure128" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1014800" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 128</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="2914268278D81BC859FE4A88C8C5912D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="33E676646A27DFD79818A1719C7E988F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="53566C7D86AF37320A470AE55370BD7F" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Prosopis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Prosopis subsp. sect." order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="section" section="Anonychium">Prosopis sect. Anonychium</taxonomicName>
Benth., J. Bot. (Hooker) 4: 347. 1841. Type: 
<taxonomicName id="B6F6942287518D896075503BC559F5F3" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Prosopis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Prosopis oblonga" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oblonga">Prosopis oblonga</taxonomicName>
Benth. [= 
<taxonomicName id="B68ACC03F2037E572E4EBCF5724EF4C7" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Anonychium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Anonychium africanum" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="africanum">Anonychium africanum</taxonomicName>
(Guill. &amp; Perr.) C.E. Hughes &amp; G.P. Lewis]
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FC6070FCEAEEFDC1434406496527D0F1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8F0FA21533793CE820ED4F37DAC6FBD9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<typeStatus id="B2109D4FE1F5416C2542EC6AAFE50356">Type</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="85D51FBD8AD0B4624CB7062DB906CAF2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="68AACE24D9E02B5AC969D298F7D4F686" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Anonychium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Anonychium lanceolatum" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lanceolatum">
<emphasis id="0A7FEDCA886134EFBABA5844CC079DDC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Anonychium lanceolatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Benth.) Schweinf. [≡ 
<taxonomicName id="8A4CED0EE039C7E9E45B318DB60AC4A7" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Prosopis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Prosopis lanceolata" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lanceolata">
<emphasis id="57D2CD3CB1B0FBFB8C8454C3295E1F14" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Prosopis lanceolata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Benth. (= 
<taxonomicName id="44C13343339ED5A835129E0172FF6089" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Anonychium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Anonychium africanum" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="africanum">
<emphasis id="1CB56CBC1276B7BEA6EE57CBB1ACA283" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Anonychium africanum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Guill. &amp; Perr.) C.E. Hughes &amp; G.P. Lewis)]
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B8F3EBDBB6CE19DEFA92141EDEFA5A68" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph id="610BC34A1FD23E1133103FFCE9352818" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="22FE168D4B883C478E4135521E4483C7" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Unarmed trees 4-20 m high (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="1ACFEEEFCE241EEECD99398366574667" captionStart="Figure 127" captionStartId="F134" captionText="Figure 127. Habit, habitats, inflorescences, and fruits of Newtonia and allies A small tree of Anonychium africanum (Guill. &amp; Perr.) C. E. Hughes &amp; G. P. Lewis in Senegal, West Africa B small twisted treelet of Plathymenia reticulata Benth. in savanna grasslands (Cerrado) in eastern Bolivia C large, buttressed tree base of Fillaeopsis discophora Harms in tropical wet forest, Ebo, Cameroon D large buttressed tree base of Newtonia buchananii (Baker f.) G. C. C. Gilbert &amp; Boutique in semi-evergreen forest in Mozambique E spicate inflorescence of Anonychium africanum F spicate inflorescences of Plathymenia reticulata, eastern Bolivia G spicate inflorescences of Fillaeopsis discophora, Gabon H spicate inflorescences of Newtonia buchananii in Malawi I indehiscent pods of Anonychium africanum collected as livestock feed in Burkina Faso, West Africa J tardily dehiscent pods with chartaceous or weakly coriaceous valves of Plathymenia reticulata, eastern Bolivia K pod valves and papery endocarp packets surrounding seeds of Plathymenia reticulata, Bahia, Brazil L tardily dehiscent pods with chartaceous valves of Fillaeopsis discophora in tropical wet forest in Mayombe, Congo (Brazzaville) M large winged seeds of Fillaeopsis discophora in tropical wet forest in Ambam, Cameroon N fruits and winged seeds of Newtonia buchananii in cultivation in South Africa. Photo credits A S Christensen www. westafricanplants. senckenberg. de B, F, J, K, N CE Hughes C, L, M X van der Burgt D Stefaan Dondeyne E M Arbonnier https: // agritrop. cirad. fr / G E Bidault, Missouri Botanical Garden, http: // legacy. tropicos. org / Image / 100618759 H G Baumann www. westafricanplants. senckenberg. de I M Schmidt www. westafricanplants. senckenberg. de." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716.figure127" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1014799" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">127A</figureCitation>
), brachyblasts absent. 
<emphasis id="376BFED510872209B5151AF217F0C7DD" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Stipules</emphasis>
inconspicuous, caducous as young leaves develop. 
<emphasis id="5766160861718F07A6AC7A30C6DFD043" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Leaves</emphasis>
somewhat pendulous, bipinnate; fleshy, cup or tub-shaped, porate extrafloral nectaries between most pinnae pairs and similar, but smaller, nectaries often between some or most leaflet pairs; pinnae 1-4 pairs; leaflets 4-13 pairs per pinna, opposite, mid-vein sub-centric. 
<emphasis id="9F40403E2C02FD1E704D75F3E0E1F7D9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Inflorescences</emphasis>
spiciform racemes, solitary or in pairs in axils of coevally developing leaves, densely flowered (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="5F2E5E93B482DC9ED70AB2974E7D1146" captionStart="Figure 127" captionStartId="F134" captionText="Figure 127. Habit, habitats, inflorescences, and fruits of Newtonia and allies A small tree of Anonychium africanum (Guill. &amp; Perr.) C. E. Hughes &amp; G. P. Lewis in Senegal, West Africa B small twisted treelet of Plathymenia reticulata Benth. in savanna grasslands (Cerrado) in eastern Bolivia C large, buttressed tree base of Fillaeopsis discophora Harms in tropical wet forest, Ebo, Cameroon D large buttressed tree base of Newtonia buchananii (Baker f.) G. C. C. Gilbert &amp; Boutique in semi-evergreen forest in Mozambique E spicate inflorescence of Anonychium africanum F spicate inflorescences of Plathymenia reticulata, eastern Bolivia G spicate inflorescences of Fillaeopsis discophora, Gabon H spicate inflorescences of Newtonia buchananii in Malawi I indehiscent pods of Anonychium africanum collected as livestock feed in Burkina Faso, West Africa J tardily dehiscent pods with chartaceous or weakly coriaceous valves of Plathymenia reticulata, eastern Bolivia K pod valves and papery endocarp packets surrounding seeds of Plathymenia reticulata, Bahia, Brazil L tardily dehiscent pods with chartaceous valves of Fillaeopsis discophora in tropical wet forest in Mayombe, Congo (Brazzaville) M large winged seeds of Fillaeopsis discophora in tropical wet forest in Ambam, Cameroon N fruits and winged seeds of Newtonia buchananii in cultivation in South Africa. Photo credits A S Christensen www. westafricanplants. senckenberg. de B, F, J, K, N CE Hughes C, L, M X van der Burgt D Stefaan Dondeyne E M Arbonnier https: // agritrop. cirad. fr / G E Bidault, Missouri Botanical Garden, http: // legacy. tropicos. org / Image / 100618759 H G Baumann www. westafricanplants. senckenberg. de I M Schmidt www. westafricanplants. senckenberg. de." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716.figure127" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1014799" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">127E</figureCitation>
); pedicels 0.5 mm. 
<emphasis id="F178BEBC219FCFEB71304C35C7EC59E7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Flowers</emphasis>
small, yellowish or greenish-white, sweetly scented; calyx gamosepalous, ca. 1 mm long; petals 5, free, glabrous; stamens 10, anthers apically broadened with an anther gland borne ventrally between the thecae forming a triangular hood-shaped protrusion made up of papillate cells; pollen in tricolporate monads with costae on the pores and a smooth (perforated) exine with columellae; ovary sessile. 
<emphasis id="35E8ED2265AD3910105B6082EF311453" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fruits</emphasis>
indehiscent, straight or sub-falcate, dark reddish-brown to blackish, shiny, subterete in cross-section (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="B1F2C151D08F8F2153C5840789BEE156" captionStart="Figure 127" captionStartId="F134" captionText="Figure 127. Habit, habitats, inflorescences, and fruits of Newtonia and allies A small tree of Anonychium africanum (Guill. &amp; Perr.) C. E. Hughes &amp; G. P. Lewis in Senegal, West Africa B small twisted treelet of Plathymenia reticulata Benth. in savanna grasslands (Cerrado) in eastern Bolivia C large, buttressed tree base of Fillaeopsis discophora Harms in tropical wet forest, Ebo, Cameroon D large buttressed tree base of Newtonia buchananii (Baker f.) G. C. C. Gilbert &amp; Boutique in semi-evergreen forest in Mozambique E spicate inflorescence of Anonychium africanum F spicate inflorescences of Plathymenia reticulata, eastern Bolivia G spicate inflorescences of Fillaeopsis discophora, Gabon H spicate inflorescences of Newtonia buchananii in Malawi I indehiscent pods of Anonychium africanum collected as livestock feed in Burkina Faso, West Africa J tardily dehiscent pods with chartaceous or weakly coriaceous valves of Plathymenia reticulata, eastern Bolivia K pod valves and papery endocarp packets surrounding seeds of Plathymenia reticulata, Bahia, Brazil L tardily dehiscent pods with chartaceous valves of Fillaeopsis discophora in tropical wet forest in Mayombe, Congo (Brazzaville) M large winged seeds of Fillaeopsis discophora in tropical wet forest in Ambam, Cameroon N fruits and winged seeds of Newtonia buchananii in cultivation in South Africa. Photo credits A S Christensen www. westafricanplants. senckenberg. de B, F, J, K, N CE Hughes C, L, M X van der Burgt D Stefaan Dondeyne E M Arbonnier https: // agritrop. cirad. fr / G E Bidault, Missouri Botanical Garden, http: // legacy. tropicos. org / Image / 100618759 H G Baumann www. westafricanplants. senckenberg. de I M Schmidt www. westafricanplants. senckenberg. de." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716.figure127" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1014799" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">127I</figureCitation>
), exocarp hard, 1-2 mm thick, mesocarp spongy, thick, dry, endocarp segmented, segments enclosing the seeds, thin, transverse (at right angles to fruit length), in one row, seeds many. 
<emphasis id="E8796E45B05582D5FA69A4696533A3FE" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Seeds</emphasis>
dark brown to black, compressed, rattling within the pod when ripe, pleurogram present 75%, testa hard.
</paragraph>
<caption id="24341E63EF06CE837CFB978570C17639" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716.figure127" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1014799" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 127" startId="F134">
<paragraph id="2F5B328E6BBBB61B33BA8FCB8C1CFD86" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="E50147FD1905F6C890838ABB9D6C3895" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 127.</emphasis>
Habit, habitats, inflorescences, and fruits of 
<taxonomicName id="45A6116524A1EE10B5B057D7F59B1ECE" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Newtonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Newtonia" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="5C85B0F3131C77D68B7493894AB0DC45" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Newtonia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and allies 
<emphasis id="143EB100F57A05C51C6E93F5755527E6" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
small tree of 
<taxonomicName id="AFA73D8B2FB3ED127B446BF6608A9AF1" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Anonychium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Anonychium africanum" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="africanum">
<emphasis id="9E916DA5F0165C5F8D206159277276D8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Anonychium africanum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Guill. &amp; Perr.) C.E. Hughes &amp; G.P. Lewis in Senegal, West Africa 
<emphasis id="CB6DB9582D887D5F0664E2115717AA46" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
small twisted treelet of 
<taxonomicName id="5222C206D1991120E558DA972ABBA91E" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Plathymenia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Plathymenia reticulata" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="reticulata">
<emphasis id="A6CE78A65C6BBA2D37E27D8560252355" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Plathymenia reticulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Benth. in savanna grasslands (Cerrado) in eastern Bolivia 
<emphasis id="B71ED0D869D00521FF3C04E13FE591A7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
large, buttressed tree base of 
<taxonomicName id="D3F08293B5D45F52504B88BF11D91FF0" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Fillaeopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Fillaeopsis discophora" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="discophora">
<emphasis id="62DE8EE64FF28BD7B4AB96D24CE21E56" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fillaeopsis discophora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Harms in tropical wet forest, Ebo, Cameroon 
<emphasis id="B6D5355142EEB2CBD57F99D0C81BD04C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
large buttressed tree base of 
<taxonomicName id="2E0DB57CF9E8D2CAA205E49F3A51AE46" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Newtonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Newtonia buchananii" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="buchananii">
<emphasis id="A912AEED542F888F97C6FA4EBABC250C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Newtonia buchananii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Baker f.) G.C.C. Gilbert &amp; Boutique in semi-evergreen forest in Mozambique 
<emphasis id="A0F15D4A3CCF897A7F8EBF70A6A1584F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
spicate inflorescence of 
<taxonomicName id="A60BC02A2AD317177098DCE6C1255E77" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Anonychium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Anonychium africanum" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="africanum">
<emphasis id="777A286BA6A21DEEFF03EE383C0ACE5E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Anonychium africanum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="831904C308FD8E41181DC2AAB3730C7D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
spicate inflorescences of 
<taxonomicName id="07A04CD0B849FCC2BB51A12433C7AA14" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Plathymenia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Plathymenia reticulata" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="reticulata">
<emphasis id="A8A1772E7A2BC03739B1B338B726411F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Plathymenia reticulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, eastern Bolivia 
<emphasis id="CF3A8EBFC675E1AAD679383F36880A9A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
spicate inflorescences of 
<taxonomicName id="616E97773D5B50146D94B76D55525494" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Fillaeopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Fillaeopsis discophora" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="discophora">
<emphasis id="519BEA00E2481710FAC76A3A2873D143" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fillaeopsis discophora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, Gabon 
<emphasis id="594569FA250F3235C6E05EA5961599BE" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H</emphasis>
spicate inflorescences of 
<taxonomicName id="75C63356E4FA7C9204317DB52CC65616" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Newtonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Newtonia buchananii" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="buchananii">
<emphasis id="4FD0592D5A6911F25FB8643B3AE5BA19" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Newtonia buchananii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in Malawi 
<emphasis id="850B218D5FA30022F66702AC18972FAD" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I</emphasis>
indehiscent pods of 
<taxonomicName id="DB3993CB0E121C07ED499BE0C915D7AB" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Anonychium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Anonychium africanum" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="africanum">
<emphasis id="301132B150CF5BE4ADA447A4E3BD1B97" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Anonychium africanum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
collected as livestock feed in Burkina Faso, West Africa 
<emphasis id="46D2E482155CB6FDFD39277B981D1053" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">J</emphasis>
tardily dehiscent pods with chartaceous or weakly coriaceous valves of 
<taxonomicName id="5C16D6553821AC1FC1F6017D2106E2C5" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Plathymenia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Plathymenia reticulata" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="reticulata">
<emphasis id="03ED4C31999D7A43860C051B3F313939" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Plathymenia reticulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, eastern Bolivia 
<emphasis id="A48E997F27E595CA512360B5B5B902D5" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">K</emphasis>
pod valves and papery endocarp packets surrounding seeds of 
<taxonomicName id="7F40A5582E8529E24837C8AAF651EDC0" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Plathymenia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Plathymenia reticulata" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="reticulata">
<emphasis id="ED653D55341B1EAA7B21CBD08522B90D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Plathymenia reticulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, Bahia, Brazil 
<emphasis id="38D90615E979BAD891C02400551D77E1" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L</emphasis>
tardily dehiscent pods with chartaceous valves of 
<taxonomicName id="47FF8DA65DF13E8C42EFBD99AC7FDFA9" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Fillaeopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Fillaeopsis discophora" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="discophora">
<emphasis id="244B7F2C5953D8375B510BA80E2149E5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fillaeopsis discophora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in tropical wet forest in Mayombe, Congo (Brazzaville) 
<emphasis id="D4152B6312E46C760EB8551AE9B6451B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">M</emphasis>
large winged seeds of 
<taxonomicName id="25A0CAF73CBEFDA374EF58AD955D7DAA" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Fillaeopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Fillaeopsis discophora" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="discophora">
<emphasis id="FC162F9360785CC742C219EA0A72A7C2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fillaeopsis discophora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in tropical wet forest in Ambam, Cameroon 
<emphasis id="BB4EBC072F0CE4271FDCF64767E3C9E1" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N</emphasis>
fruits and winged seeds of 
<taxonomicName id="BF1461DFB3FFF03BE34EAF314E1674D6" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Newtonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Newtonia buchananii" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="buchananii">
<emphasis id="FBE321E8A2D816E480C33B37BDB86E04" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Newtonia buchananii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in cultivation in South Africa. Photo credits 
<emphasis id="2FC7799D66967611862234C57E0BE9C7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
S Christensen www.westafricanplants.senckenberg.de 
<emphasis id="6DE3D86E2E348176A679ABF0CB8486E2" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B, F, J, K, N</emphasis>
CE Hughes 
<emphasis id="C1EE57ED849A4DC852903D1A694C5B23" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C, L, M</emphasis>
X van der Burgt 
<emphasis id="598D1DBFF94C59FB05CC23D89FB8D543" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
Stefaan Dondeyne 
<emphasis id="BE8951F208CDB6D01A6E68D52B2D2889" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
M Arbonnier https://agritrop.cirad.fr/ 
<emphasis id="DD555A3FDBAEEABDF3BDFF8912AEC971" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
E Bidault, Missouri Botanical Garden, http://legacy.tropicos.org/Image/100618759 
<emphasis id="E68B1C32C1CC1E85A33ABE6961F45038" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H</emphasis>
G Baumann www.westafricanplants.senckenberg.de 
<emphasis id="1F5AFCF4B8CCCEF931697056CBB512D7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I</emphasis>
M Schmidt www.westafricanplants.senckenberg.de.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="87FDC77D71FE9C8C79F8944371EBA855" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="chromosome number">
<paragraph id="3AB31C6AD93075BBFA503E6B33372F67" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chromosome number.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="88DD90C0131B456208D7F477E5BEA2C5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
2 
<emphasis id="27292B564774828FAA734C76D916BDB8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">n</emphasis>
= 28 (
<bibRefCitation id="2CF982B54FCB7B6BA30D8C95D21EF3C1" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1071/BT96066" author="Bukhari, YM" journalOrPublisher="Australian Journal of Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="879 - 891" refId="B133" refString="Bukhari, YM, 1997. Cytoevolution of taxa in Acacia and Prosopis (Mimosaceae). Australian Journal of Botany 45: 879 - 891, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1071/BT96066" title="Cytoevolution of taxa in Acacia and Prosopis (Mimosaceae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1071/BT96066" volume="45" year="1997">Bukhari 1997</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="466B579991C6F9366D2B87E574DFC65D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="3BB32A7AE059E78C7BE37AA3B9C5543C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Included species and geographic distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DBABF4AB3D0AFD5989B0B6D59CD85588" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Monospecific (
<taxonomicName id="F2BA926676832F472256D4A190D8FDF2" lsidName="A. africanum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="africanum">
<emphasis id="6AC2E00EB776023EBDFB8835AEC6D8FE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A. africanum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), widespread across Sahelian Africa, from Senegal in the west to Sudan in the east (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="7371D1238D56E5735220AFB5732391EA" captionStart="Figure 128" captionStartId="F135" captionText="Figure 128. Distribution of Anonychium based on quality-controlled digitised herbarium records. See Suppl. material 1 for the source of occurrence data." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716.figure128" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1014800" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">128</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="8A1F29CECD8E5A01464EE4963DEA21D3" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716.figure128" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1014800" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 128" startId="F135">
<paragraph id="9F58C4BD1B360C871F32AE30A0270021" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="93C735AC9A27B487728F0CC8C65E2FA8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 128.</emphasis>
Distribution of 
<taxonomicName id="721FD4403827984291C1CF803EF79A92" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Anonychium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Anonychium" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C363F6D13157EB07C7F178154CD25D24" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Anonychium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
based on quality-controlled digitised herbarium records. See Suppl. material 1 for the source of occurrence data.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D67FCBF471ECA3D287C9CE9E209359D8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="ecology">
<paragraph id="F39C745DF06FD778B80745FFFAE4081A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ecology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4CB4E9A910D1C5AC36F42E6B64FA38E8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Native across the whole Sahelian savanna belt. Seeds dispersed by herbivores.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A3E7B284153044A42B4625FC8092A424" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="CF7B052DFE91928086FCFE3E6ABF5560" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0938FB92BB1ABBB98723DA0E31FAEA20" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="F9BF07FEE12D871BBB7BB403C10D13DE" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Anonychium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Anonychium" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DF381F2ABF9ACE0EADEFEE2D72BE7019" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Anonychium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the Latin or Greek 
<emphasis id="C1D091E9A0D52421CF41060D155DD07E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">onych</emphasis>
= 
<emphasis id="57E807D1E6908BFE385ABAEEF4099ABB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<normalizedToken id="B35B43240E88B77DA717EC6C05374BBD" originalValue="ónyx">onyx</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
(= nail or claw), meaning the absence of nails or claws, in reference to the lack of armature of this genus.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0F1EBA66E58D93DB8403FB6C4A0FB1FC" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="human uses">
<paragraph id="96B8E2E787AE4B2EF9054FAF8D799B4E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Human uses.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5CE68EA69095A85D15982B3945195B84" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Trees of 
<taxonomicName id="06126E0435BE778A8B0AB657E4DF2989" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Anonychium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Anonychium" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2FD08FE84520578A67A50E419732065A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Anonychium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are maintained and managed by farming and pastoralist communities in traditional silvo-pastoral and agroforestry systems throughout the African Sahel (Figs 
<figureCitation id="624D51FBDE455C664DAC018501194C9D" captionStart="Figure 127" captionStartId="F134" captionText="Figure 127. Habit, habitats, inflorescences, and fruits of Newtonia and allies A small tree of Anonychium africanum (Guill. &amp; Perr.) C. E. Hughes &amp; G. P. Lewis in Senegal, West Africa B small twisted treelet of Plathymenia reticulata Benth. in savanna grasslands (Cerrado) in eastern Bolivia C large, buttressed tree base of Fillaeopsis discophora Harms in tropical wet forest, Ebo, Cameroon D large buttressed tree base of Newtonia buchananii (Baker f.) G. C. C. Gilbert &amp; Boutique in semi-evergreen forest in Mozambique E spicate inflorescence of Anonychium africanum F spicate inflorescences of Plathymenia reticulata, eastern Bolivia G spicate inflorescences of Fillaeopsis discophora, Gabon H spicate inflorescences of Newtonia buchananii in Malawi I indehiscent pods of Anonychium africanum collected as livestock feed in Burkina Faso, West Africa J tardily dehiscent pods with chartaceous or weakly coriaceous valves of Plathymenia reticulata, eastern Bolivia K pod valves and papery endocarp packets surrounding seeds of Plathymenia reticulata, Bahia, Brazil L tardily dehiscent pods with chartaceous valves of Fillaeopsis discophora in tropical wet forest in Mayombe, Congo (Brazzaville) M large winged seeds of Fillaeopsis discophora in tropical wet forest in Ambam, Cameroon N fruits and winged seeds of Newtonia buchananii in cultivation in South Africa. Photo credits A S Christensen www. westafricanplants. senckenberg. de B, F, J, K, N CE Hughes C, L, M X van der Burgt D Stefaan Dondeyne E M Arbonnier https: // agritrop. cirad. fr / G E Bidault, Missouri Botanical Garden, http: // legacy. tropicos. org / Image / 100618759 H G Baumann www. westafricanplants. senckenberg. de I M Schmidt www. westafricanplants. senckenberg. de." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716.figure127" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1014799" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">127A</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="9470B659B2D2E3713756DCA7D97C31C5" captionStart="Figure 128" captionStartId="F135" captionText="Figure 128. Distribution of Anonychium based on quality-controlled digitised herbarium records. See Suppl. material 1 for the source of occurrence data." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716.figure128" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1014800" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">128</figureCitation>
), providing essential products, including wood, fuel, food, livestock fodder and medicines and enhancing soil fertility (
<bibRefCitation id="931038FE7EC32FEFFB6D5C9ABC119012" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-1963(18)31672-0" author="Leakey, RRB" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Arid Environments" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="9 - 24" refId="B459" refString="Leakey, RRB, Last, FT, 1980. Biology and potential of Prosopis species in arid environments, with particular reference to P. cineraria. Journal of Arid Environments 3 (1): 9 - 24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-1963(18)31672-0" title="Biology and potential of Prosopis species in arid environments, with particular reference to P. cineraria." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-1963(18)31672-0" volume="3" year="1980">Leakey and Last 1980</bibRefCitation>
). The highly nutritious indehiscent fruits are eagerly consumed by large herbivores including all forms of livestock, such as camels, cattle and goats at the end of the dry season and harvested by farmers to feed to their animals; cow dung (containing viable seeds) is used to fertilise fields.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="66D1755659150EA69B0E6E385E5580BD" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="notes">
<paragraph id="E599352D0D3BA26FA95527DCE13C455C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EE679F0FFF019B50144F2C0FE86F9C65" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
The genus 
<taxonomicName id="E57E3A05D9A1C60339A1F32C9ECF182F" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Anonychium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Anonychium" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="EEE1DFFC6428DE640B4048844E190D38" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Anonychium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was resurrected by 
<bibRefCitation id="051D7E57359A02D7511E135A3833A68E" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.205.75379" author="Hughes, CE" editor="Hughes, CE" journalOrPublisher="PhytoKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="147 - 189" refId="B389" refString="Hughes, CE, Ringelberg, JJ, Lewis, GP, Catalano, SA, 2022b. Disintegration of the genus Prosopis L. (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae, Mimosoid clade). In: Hughes, CE, Queiroz, LP, Lewis, GP, Eds., Advances in Legume Systematics 14. Classification of Caesalpinioideae Part 1: new generic delimitations. PhytoKeys 205: 147 - 189, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.205.75379" title="Disintegration of the genus Prosopis L. (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae, Mimosoid clade)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.205.75379" volume="205" volumeTitle="Advances in Legume Systematics 14. Classification of Caesalpinioideae Part 1: new generic delimitations." year="2022 b">Hughes et al. (2022b)</bibRefCitation>
, along with the genera 
<taxonomicName id="67BDB5F7F3D82F6C29131FDDC4A5F9E9" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Strombocarpa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Strombocarpa" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="05870BCBE1FE1B4CEF5B649BB4EDB344" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Strombocarpa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Engelm. &amp; A. Gray and 
<taxonomicName id="622CF7FD33D5EA805BE4E264C29708B5" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Neltuma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Neltuma" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="3F6EDD46C8CD95F88741A2DC4EEB02CE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Neltuma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Raf., to account for the non-monophyly of the genus 
<taxonomicName id="8152B7161FD1AA1D657335E1450B3842" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Prosopis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Prosopis" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8A40A150F2A320D7A7EC0A1ED6DDD85D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Prosopis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
L. Prior to that, 
<taxonomicName id="4305428843628D92AC3A620ED9319A67" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Prosopis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Prosopis africana" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="africana">
<emphasis id="E1575D89CDB808ADD1E673C92A847A3F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Prosopis africana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Guill. &amp; Perr.) Taub. had long been considered anomalous within 
<taxonomicName id="7110C48C5A3C46DBF3995C150814B405" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Prosopis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Prosopis" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="EC1C228909742173A9DDA3660B69CDE8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Prosopis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, having been previously placed in its own genus, 
<taxonomicName id="F09C904F287124840072F28A88163E9B" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Anonychium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Anonychium" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E511BB73ABEEE1CD4A4FB7B87722DAC0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Anonychium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by 
<bibRefCitation id="0BD3CB64E03595B9DA4F24E53EB73801" author="Schweinfurth, GA" journalOrPublisher="Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, United Kingdom" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B754" refString="Schweinfurth, GA, 1868. Reliquiae Kotschyanae 7. Druck und Verlag von Georg Reimer, Berlin, Germany, 1-52." title="Reliquiae Kotschyanae 7. Druck und Verlag von Georg Reimer, Berlin, Germany, 1 - 52." year="1868">Schweinfurth (1868)</bibRefCitation>
under the name 
<taxonomicName id="ABFFE0F3D0960F3F63EC7BA91019A61A" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Anonychium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Anonychium lanceolatum" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lanceolatum">
<emphasis id="D138CC79437E29AF3EDD2B9F3790CA31" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Anonychium lanceolatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Schweinf. and, later, its own section 
<taxonomicName id="FD5E5774837AD4C1D6F09412A9890DD1" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Prosopis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Prosopis" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="section" section="Anonychium">Prosopis Anonychium</taxonomicName>
of 
<taxonomicName id="61BFD3E42EEFB10725CCC266E04BE66E" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Prosopis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Prosopis" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8114333580886A2E39D683BE2BF3ABB1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Prosopis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="2BC249307C7824B068962578F8FC9427" author="Bentham, G" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="337 - 392" publicationUrl="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/6311#page/343/mode/1up" refId="B64" refString="Bentham, G, 1841b. Notes on Mimoseae, with a short synopsis of species. Journal of Botany 4 (31): 337 - 392, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/6311#page/343/mode/1up" title="Notes on Mimoseae, with a short synopsis of species." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/6311#page/343/mode/1up" volume="4" year="1841 b">Bentham 1841b</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="A7E394DD29D7EA60D7608886BAB66D26" DOI="https://doi.org/10.5962/p.324722" author="Burkart, A" journalOrPublisher="Darwiniana" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B143" refString="Burkart, A, 1976. A monograph of the genus Prosopis (Leguminosae subfam. Mimosoideae). Journal of the Arnold Arboretum 57: 219-249, 450-525. https://doi.org/10.5962/p.324722" title="A monograph of the genus Prosopis (Leguminosae subfam. Mimosoideae). Journal of the Arnold Arboretum 57: 219 - 249, 450 - 525." url="https://doi.org/10.5962/p.324722" year="1976">Burkart 1976</bibRefCitation>
). Unlike 
<taxonomicName id="6D4A0B882E9ADC7E3E52D34ED494F388" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Prosopis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Prosopis" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B5244E79253B431EADCACA3BBB62280C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Prosopis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and its other segregate genera 
<taxonomicName id="40CCDFBA710CC2A948DE003AAB444B77" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Strombocarpa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Strombocarpa" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="470D726EE4B3C0BC50FB23536CC2AE0A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Strombocarpa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="EF5A32232A8B316319AEB562D1D1E570" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Neltuma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Neltuma" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="3442B14FE376ED1337BAD2D1F7031D79" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Neltuma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="89075E520318B23822954BC9D5384652" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Anonychium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Anonychium" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1DA0444A6A884FB4E32ED7B15F366945" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Anonychium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
lacks armature, has internally glabrous petals, pollen with costae, V-shaped anthers with small stomia forming short pockets on the ventral surface of the anthers and unusual sessile anther glands borne ventrally between the thecae, rather than stipitate glands borne apically or dorsally from the connective between the thecae as in most other 
<taxonomicName id="24A6FA54096239812465C62ACE5E9340" family="Fabaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="tribe" tribe="Mimoseae">Mimoseae</taxonomicName>
, and forming triangular hood-shaped protrusions made up of papillate cells which are also unique amongst mimosoid anther glands (
<bibRefCitation id="838C44F7F65596210E8EA1BA55024FD9" DOI="https://doi.org/10.2307/2446002" author="Luckow, MA" journalOrPublisher="American Journal of Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="285 - 297" refId="B513" refString="Luckow, MA, Grimes, J, 1997. A survey of anther glands in the mimosoid legume tribes Parkieae and Mimoseae. American Journal of Botany 84 (3): 285 - 297, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2446002" title="A survey of anther glands in the mimosoid legume tribes Parkieae and Mimoseae." url="https://doi.org/10.2307/2446002" volume="84" year="1997">Luckow and Grimes 1997</bibRefCitation>
). This distinctive combination of morphological features separating 
<taxonomicName id="B4DCB9991097CD41B1ACB77F46732D44" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Anonychium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Anonychium" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="03ABA648626A9351EEF2C36506AD409C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Anonychium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from 
<taxonomicName id="925E7BB553F570B509E72C7F74C91503" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Prosopis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Prosopis" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="F22E8B5BD48E8E815A2FF01F5070AC68" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Prosopis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is reflected in the phylogenetic placement of 
<taxonomicName id="BA3C1AAC19BBA474EAEAE54B9B0DD890" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Anonychium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Anonychium" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="EA1537A41686253024D63769FD115A15" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Anonychium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as an isolated lineage subtending the grade of other unarmed genera, 
<taxonomicName id="F5BA584FAD9CA04A58E40C05AC72831E" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Plathymenia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Plathymenia" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="ADE246AEB5750BF94DC8E4CB0FC1A24A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Plathymenia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="F0277981A706929CA6AC9BE3D885E70C" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Fillaeopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Fillaeopsis" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="3335A8407DED435E8C536B67C4B5448B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fillaeopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="7086DDFC156B3427AA4896322E2846A8" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Newtonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Newtonia" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D01941DD238DDB3DA14665ED910C907D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Newtonia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which together are paraphyletic with respect to the core mimosoid clade (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="BCFE13B000C0B707A1920D7CCEB979C7" captionStart="Figure 126" captionStartId="F133" captionText="Figure 126. Phylogenetic relationships across the grade Newtonia of four genera subtending the core mimosoid clade in tribe Mimoseae. For description of phylogeny and support values, see Fig. 6 caption (page 63)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716.figure126" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1014798" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">126</figureCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="7AFE19931E4D45DB55B83B7FF4DFC527" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.205.85866" author="Ringelberg, JJ" editor="Hughes, CE" journalOrPublisher="PhytoKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="3 - 58" refId="B712" refString="Ringelberg, JJ, Koenen, EJM, Iganci, JR, Queiroz, LP, Murphy, DJ, Gaudeul, M, Bruneau, A, Luckow, M, Lewis, GP, Hughes, CE, 2022. Phylogenomic analysis of 997 nuclear genes reveals the need for extensive generic re-delimitation in Caesalpinioideae (Leguminosae). In: Hughes, CE, Queiroz, LP, Lewis, GP, Eds., Advances in Legume Systematics 14. Classification of Caesalpinioideae Part 1: New generic delimitations. PhytoKeys 205: 3 - 58, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.205.85866" title="Phylogenomic analysis of 997 nuclear genes reveals the need for extensive generic re-delimitation in Caesalpinioideae (Leguminosae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.205.85866" volume="205" volumeTitle="Advances in Legume Systematics 14. Classification of Caesalpinioideae Part 1: New generic delimitations." year="2022">Ringelberg et al. 2022</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="263EA9ADB7FDB71B7A28D62AF01F0D0B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="taxonomic references">
<paragraph id="286373CC854E358D7A5E33C6991B01E0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Taxonomic references.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EAC44AA87D8C1275C3AF49EDF6CBEDB9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<bibRefCitation id="51525725FA2B8A80ADF9F99591F76E59" author="Bentham, G" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="337 - 392" publicationUrl="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/6311#page/343/mode/1up" refId="B64" refString="Bentham, G, 1841b. Notes on Mimoseae, with a short synopsis of species. Journal of Botany 4 (31): 337 - 392, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/6311#page/343/mode/1up" title="Notes on Mimoseae, with a short synopsis of species." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/6311#page/343/mode/1up" volume="4" year="1841 b">Bentham (1841b)</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="3C79750FDFCE8B9105C632FF6818D341" author="Brenan, JPM" editor="Hubbard, CE" journalOrPublisher="Crown Agents for Overseas Governments and Administrations, London, United Kingdom" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 173" refId="B101" refString="Brenan, JPM, 1959. Leguminosae (Part 1) subfamily Mimosoideae. In: Hubbard, CE, Milne-Redhead, E, Eds., Flora of Tropical East Africa. Crown Agents for Overseas Governments and Administrations, London, United Kingdom: 1 - 173" title="Leguminosae (Part 1) subfamily Mimosoideae." volumeTitle="Flora of Tropical East Africa." year="1959">Brenan (1959)</bibRefCitation>
, with illustration; 
<bibRefCitation id="60B3F3C3B5B841C2872C3012E6FAD70F" DOI="https://doi.org/10.5962/p.324722" author="Burkart, A" journalOrPublisher="Darwiniana" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B143" refString="Burkart, A, 1976. A monograph of the genus Prosopis (Leguminosae subfam. Mimosoideae). Journal of the Arnold Arboretum 57: 219-249, 450-525. https://doi.org/10.5962/p.324722" title="A monograph of the genus Prosopis (Leguminosae subfam. Mimosoideae). Journal of the Arnold Arboretum 57: 219 - 249, 450 - 525." url="https://doi.org/10.5962/p.324722" year="1976">Burkart (1976)</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="2DB51F5010A005ED77EB91EA6BB443C5" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.205.75379" author="Hughes, CE" editor="Hughes, CE" journalOrPublisher="PhytoKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="147 - 189" refId="B389" refString="Hughes, CE, Ringelberg, JJ, Lewis, GP, Catalano, SA, 2022b. Disintegration of the genus Prosopis L. (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae, Mimosoid clade). In: Hughes, CE, Queiroz, LP, Lewis, GP, Eds., Advances in Legume Systematics 14. Classification of Caesalpinioideae Part 1: new generic delimitations. PhytoKeys 205: 147 - 189, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.205.75379" title="Disintegration of the genus Prosopis L. (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae, Mimosoid clade)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.205.75379" volume="205" volumeTitle="Advances in Legume Systematics 14. Classification of Caesalpinioideae Part 1: new generic delimitations." year="2022 b">Hughes et al. (2022b)</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="125929069B27648416A34486B8D6B1D2" DOI="https://doi.org/10.2307/2446002" author="Luckow, MA" journalOrPublisher="American Journal of Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="285 - 297" refId="B513" refString="Luckow, MA, Grimes, J, 1997. A survey of anther glands in the mimosoid legume tribes Parkieae and Mimoseae. American Journal of Botany 84 (3): 285 - 297, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2446002" title="A survey of anther glands in the mimosoid legume tribes Parkieae and Mimoseae." url="https://doi.org/10.2307/2446002" volume="84" year="1997">Luckow and Grimes (1997)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>