489 lines
56 KiB
XML
489 lines
56 KiB
XML
<document id="973D6F364F6848EE02B771ED1C31481B" ID-CLB-Dataset="36829" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3823.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="cdc3964e-ebf3-491e-b10c-9ad6592cb0f0" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="286373" ID-ZooBank="0D42FA17-3B11-4DBB-9E48-D7D505F9CE29" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460443345149" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Austin, William C., Ott, Bruce S., Reiswig, Henry M., Romagosa, Paula & G, Neil" docDate="2014" docId="03D0FB0AFF8C2E1A09E0FD71FB8A793F" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03823p084.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3823 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Cliona californiana" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="9" masterDocId="FFE98372FF892E120977FF89FF837A07" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic review of Hadromerida (Porifera, Demospongiae) from British Columbia, Canada, and adjacent waters, with the description of nine new species" masterLastPageNumber="84" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="6" updateTime="1698333174097" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="5E7B053B455A8C472843C5C9D21B74DB" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="6E187C13E7966D81FA4FD3CE6FA49B2F">
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<mods:title id="6CF3619FDE553018FE9F7216D4C72916">Taxonomic review of Hadromerida (Porifera, Demospongiae) from British Columbia, Canada, and adjacent waters, with the description of nine new species</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="152DA1A8A055CD0A1BD540A9B0894E43" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="AF9F27E54FB821BBF3A5C703E1291E4B">
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<mods:roleTerm id="27D8C530077400A69E05B37BB5582EAD">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="2CE3BE57D6224F98E56475F6F01CB48B">Austin, William C.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="449222FE9674713F69096B9758081BFD" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="10018B7DF0A7523AB830156929FA9156">
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<mods:roleTerm id="418A24BB13AA940C8D896020FE7FFAD1">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="ED77015E1FD37A93D01DD78090896F66">Ott, Bruce S.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="F0087FE7D06272E5E3D4BBFF5B324DD5" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="1CB33580AC2244AF210D55A63391B51B">
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<mods:roleTerm id="CBAC359DE8EE418600158B60DAFD45DF">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="241ABEB138E90FBEA257BA270530C290">Reiswig, Henry M.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="32834C9CEBAB00B0E8A603B9752E5A38" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="02E35E928BFA70313B6E0F4AD2C2B9FE">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="F03FD4DB182913683B6FC7CCA82837AB">Romagosa, Paula</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="BC2D51B04631D0D1AF5A052901D727B6" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="FD6BE685F42E123F9A04A8DC60129DC2">
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<mods:roleTerm id="7F55D77B1977371B1EE3B6CE2A530FF9">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="1BF90A8970C88460A6D3D579EA45FA18">G, Neil</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="8C4189E6BC9D701788B03C28F8BFEC46">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="1903BFAEF2E5B8DDB343272FB45442FF">
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<mods:title id="7195DD18D298C9D4F135C90B0BE600F6">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="9FDE70FCE5C1CA1260C307FE353ED582">
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<mods:date id="5B2D340A9A0AE284719AF1FB0FB74944">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="0125C548A883F8453FD56A723012CD69" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="E634002B272CBA3622CC3FEA02BF6221">3823</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="15E923834B066A340688B64D8B79F9EF" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="000DCE0394228FF4C05DC5D668414810">1</mods:number>
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<mods:end id="47E3CFB01DD8F5F5B845EF092A6C133F">84</mods:end>
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<mods:classification id="15CC24DB70D6E0AAFF23AB56A072F29B">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="4ACA8E01799F66FDB7FA2F3FAB80F91D" type="CLB-Dataset">36829</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="A9BCEA2F89C37A19264AF2076F3F35AB" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3823.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="57C1F72BEA0C5FF2750C0165CAF6818C" type="GBIF-Dataset">cdc3964e-ebf3-491e-b10c-9ad6592cb0f0</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="63D19690BF0DCE69FB71B19286F2A6DD" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="96F247262EA214926D4F68ADD1F0ABB2" type="Zenodo-Dep">286373</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03D0FB0AFF8C2E1A09E0FD71FB8A793F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6132500" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127668543" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6132500" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D0FB0AFF8C2E1A09E0FD71FB8A793F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D0FB0AFF8C2E1A09E0FD71FB8A793F" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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||
<subSubSection id="C3631997FF8C2E1709E0FD71FEB17934" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BC64A1CFF8C2E1709E0FD71FD067915" blockId="5.[151,645,760,819]" box="[151,645,760,786]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<heading id="D08EFD70FF8C2E1709E0FD71FD067915" bold="true" box="[151,645,760,786]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" reason="1">
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||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFF8C2E1709E0FD71FD067915" bold="true" box="[151,645,760,786]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFF8C2E1709E0FD71FE057915" box="[151,390,760,786]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Cliona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="californiana">
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<emphasis id="B90D960EFF8C2E1709E0FD71FE057915" bold="true" box="[151,390,760,786]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Cliona californiana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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de
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE837EDFF8C2E1708C6FD71FD067915" author="Laubenfels" box="[433,645,760,786]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" refString="Laubenfels, M. W. de. (1932) The marine and fresh-water sponges of California. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 81, Article 4, 1 - 140." type="journal article" year="1932">Laubenfels, 1932</bibRefCitation>
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||
</emphasis>
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||
</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BC64A1CFF8C2E1709E0FC93FEB17934" blockId="5.[151,645,760,819]" box="[151,306,794,819]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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||
<figureCitation id="13425699FF8C2E1709E0FC93FF5D7934" box="[151,222,794,819]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1775,1797]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,195,1753]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,195,1753]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 1. Cliona californiana de Laubenfels, 1932. A, expanded specimen, scale bar approx. 4 cm; B, contracted specimen, scale bar approx. 1 cm; C, expanded papilla and ostia, scale bar approx. 5 mm; D, tylostyle, scale bar 100 µm; E, polytylote tylostyle, scale bar 100 µm; F, heads of tylostyles, scale bar 10 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/286374/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
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A–F; 2
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C3631997FF8C2E1709E0FCEBFBDF797F" box="[151,1116,866,888]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="reference_group">
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||
<paragraph id="8BC64A1CFF8C2E1709E0FCEBFBDF797F" blockId="5.[151,1116,866,888]" box="[151,1116,866,888]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFF8C2E1709E0FCEBFEA3797F" box="[151,288,866,888]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Cliona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="celata">
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<emphasis id="B90D960EFF8C2E1709E0FCEBFEA3797F" box="[151,288,866,888]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Cliona celata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFF8C2E170851FCEAFE4C797F" box="[294,463,866,888]" class="Demospongiae" family="Tethyidae" genus="Tethya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Porifera" rank="variety" species="aurantium" variety="californiana">
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var.
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<emphasis id="B90D960EFF8C2E170825FCEBFE4C797F" box="[338,463,866,888]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">californiana</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
de
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE837EDFF8C2E170884FCEBFD25797F" author="Laubenfels" box="[499,678,866,888]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" refString="Laubenfels, M. W. de. (1932) The marine and fresh-water sponges of California. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 81, Article 4, 1 - 140." type="journal article" year="1932">Laubenfels, 1932</bibRefCitation>
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||
;
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<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFF8C2E170BC6FCEBFBDF797F" authority="Dickinson, 1945" authorityName="Dickinson" authorityYear="1945" box="[689,1116,866,888]" class="Demospongiae" family="Suberitidae" genus="Pseudosuberites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="pseudos">
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||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFF8C2E170BC6FCEBFC2C797F" box="[689,943,866,888]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Pseudosuberites pseudos</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE837EDFF8C2E170AC2FCEBFBDF797F" author="Dickinson" box="[949,1116,866,888]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" refString="Dickinson, M. G. (1945) Sponges of the Gulf of California. Allan Hancock Pacific Expedition, 11, 1 - 252." type="journal article" year="1945">Dickinson, 1945</bibRefCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C3631997FF8C2E1709E0FC2CFC667FBB" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="8BC64A1CFF8C2E1709E0FC2CFD407F73" blockId="5.[151,1437,933,1684]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFF8C2E1709E0FC2CFE0279B9" bold="true" box="[151,385,933,958]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Material examined.</emphasis>
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||
KML 1002, KML sta. 61/69, Wharf, Bamfield E,
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||
<collectionCode id="ED68D2D9FF8C2E170ACAFC2FFC6679B9" box="[957,997,934,958]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">BC</collectionCode>
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||
, (
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||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4D2CDBFF8C2E170A8FFC2FFBF779B9" box="[1016,1140,933,958]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" precision="92" value="48.835">48º 50.1′N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4D2CDBFF8C2E170DF7FC2CFA9379B9" box="[1152,1296,933,958]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" precision="92" value="-125.135">125º 08.1′W</geoCoordinate>
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||
),
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||
<quantity id="4C81E7F9FF8C2E170C53FC2CFACC79BA" box="[1316,1359,933,958]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="m" value="5.0">5 m</quantity>
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depth,
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<date id="FFC76CDCFF8C2E1709E0FC43FEA479E5" box="[151,295,969,994]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="1969-06-02">Jun. 2, 1969</date>
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, coll. W.C. Austin; KML 1003, PBS sta. 63-35, Porlier Pass,
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<collectionCode id="ED68D2D9FF8C2E170A86FC43FB9A79E5" box="[1009,1049,970,994]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">BC</collectionCode>
|
||
, (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4D2CDBFF8C2E170D58FC43FB2F79E5" box="[1071,1196,969,994]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" precision="92" value="49.183334">49º 11.0′N</geoCoordinate>
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||
,
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||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4D2CDBFF8C2E170DCEFC43FACF79E5" box="[1209,1356,969,994]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" precision="92" value="-123.683334">123º 41.0′W</geoCoordinate>
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||
),
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||
<quantity id="4C81E7F9FF8C2E170C16FC40FA1F79E6" box="[1377,1436,969,994]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="m" value="36.0">36 m</quantity>
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depth, coll. D.B. Quayle (PBS); KML 1004, 10 km off Copper Bay, Haida Gwaii,
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||
<collectionCode id="ED68D2D9FF8C2E170D32FC79FBEE7E0F" box="[1093,1133,1008,1032]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">BC</collectionCode>
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||
, (approximately
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<geoCoordinate id="EE4D2CDBFF8C2E170C5AFC79FA1B7E0F" box="[1325,1432,1008,1033]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" precision="925" value="53.15">53º 09′ N</geoCoordinate>
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||
,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE4D2CDBFF8C2E1709E0FB9DFE917E2A" box="[151,274,1044,1069]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" precision="925" value="-131.6">131º 36′W</geoCoordinate>
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||
), no depth given,
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<date id="FFC76CDCFF8C2E1708AAFB9DFD017E2A" box="[477,642,1044,1069]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="1960-08-29">Aug. 29, 1960</date>
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||
, coll. D.B. Quayle (PBS); KML 1005, KML sta. 16/80, Wizard Island Pass,
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<collectionCode id="ED68D2D9FF8C2E1709A0FBB1FF7C7E57" box="[215,255,1080,1104]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">BC</collectionCode>
|
||
, (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4D2CDBFF8C2E170865FBB1FE0D7E56" box="[274,398,1080,1105]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" precision="92" value="48.86">48º 51.6′N</geoCoordinate>
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||
,
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||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4D2CDBFF8C2E1708EEFBB1FDAA7E56" box="[409,553,1080,1105]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" precision="92" value="-125.17333">125º 10.4′W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
),
|
||
<quantity id="4C81E7F9FF8C2E170B4BFBB1FDF67E57" box="[572,629,1080,1105]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="m" value="15.0">15 m</quantity>
|
||
depth,
|
||
<date id="FFC76CDCFF8C2E170BBEFBB0FCEA7E57" box="[713,873,1080,1104]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="1980-03-22">Mar. 22, 1980</date>
|
||
, coll. W.C. Austin; KML 1006, Exeter Shoal,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED68D2D9FF8C2E170C07FBB1FA1B7E57" box="[1392,1432,1080,1104]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">BC</collectionCode>
|
||
, (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4D2CDBFF8C2E1709E8FBD5FE847E72" box="[159,263,1116,1141]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" precision="925" value="49.65">49º 39′N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4D2CDBFF8C2E170863FBD5FE137E72" box="[276,400,1116,1141]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" precision="925" value="-124.65">124º 39′W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
),
|
||
<quantity id="4C81E7F9FF8C2E1708D1FBD5FE627E73" box="[422,481,1116,1140]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="m" value="22.0">22 m</quantity>
|
||
depth,
|
||
<date id="FFC76CDCFF8C2E170B4EFBD4FD547E72" box="[569,727,1116,1141]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="1962-06-28">Jun. 28, 1962</date>
|
||
, coll. D.B. Quayle (PBS); KML 1008, Effingham Island,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED68D2D9FF8C2E170C07FBD5FA1B7E73" box="[1392,1432,1116,1140]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">BC</collectionCode>
|
||
, (approximately
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4D2CDBFF8C2E17083CFB09FE317E9E" box="[331,434,1152,1177]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" precision="925" value="48.866665">48º 52′N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4D2CDBFF8C2E1708C9FB09FDB97E9E" box="[446,570,1152,1177]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" precision="925" value="-125.3">125º 18′W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), no depth given,
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||
<date id="FFC76CDCFF8C2E170A7EFB08FC1B7E9E" box="[777,920,1152,1177]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="1961-06-06">Jun. 6, 1961</date>
|
||
, coll. D.B. Quayle (FRB); KML 1009, KML sta. 100/75, E. of Diana Island,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED68D2D9FF8C2E170881FB2DFD9D7EBB" box="[502,542,1188,1212]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">BC</collectionCode>
|
||
, (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4D2CDBFF8C2E170B47FB2DFD157EBA" box="[560,662,1188,1213]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" precision="925" value="48.833332">48º 50′N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4D2CDBFF8C2E170BD6FB2DFC9A7EBA" box="[673,793,1188,1213]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" precision="925" value="-123.183334">123º 11′W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), coll. W.C. Austin; KML 1010, KML sta. 50/77, Thieves Bay,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED68D2D9FF8C2E1709A6FB41FF7A7EE7" box="[209,249,1224,1248]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">BC</collectionCode>
|
||
, (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4D2CDBFF8C2E17087AFB41FE0A7EE6" box="[269,393,1224,1249]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" precision="92" value="48.77">48º 46.2′N</geoCoordinate>
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,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4D2CDBFF8C2E1708E2FB41FDA77EE6" box="[405,548,1224,1249]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" precision="92" value="-123.33">123º 19.8′W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
),
|
||
<quantity id="4C81E7F9FF8C2E170B4EFB41FDF17EE7" box="[569,626,1224,1248]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="m" value="20.0">20 m</quantity>
|
||
depth,
|
||
<date id="FFC76CDCFF8C2E170BB0FB40FCEB7EE7" box="[711,872,1224,1248]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="1977-03-20">Mar. 20, 1977</date>
|
||
, coll. W.C. Austin; KML 1017, KML sta. 160/75, W side of Satellite Passage, Barkley Sound,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED68D2D9FF8C2E170BE4FB66FD387F00" box="[659,699,1263,1287]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">BC</collectionCode>
|
||
, (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4D2CDBFF8C2E170BA7FB66FCCF7F00" box="[720,844,1259,1287]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" precision="92" value="48.851665">48o 51.1′N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4D2CDBFF8C2E170A2FFB67FC6B7F00" box="[856,1000,1259,1287]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" precision="92" value="-125.17667">125o 10.6′W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
),
|
||
<quantity id="4C81E7F9FF8C2E170A8AFB67FBB47F00" box="[1021,1079,1262,1287]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="m" value="65.0">65 m</quantity>
|
||
depth,
|
||
<date id="FFC76CDCFF8C2E170DFAFB66FA9D7F00" box="[1165,1310,1262,1287]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="1975-10-06">Oct. 6, 1975</date>
|
||
, coll. W.C. Austin; KML 1011, KML 85/73, Whittlestone Point, Barkley Sound,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED68D2D9FF8C2E170AD5FA9AFC497F2C" box="[930,970,1299,1323]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">BC</collectionCode>
|
||
, (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4D2CDBFF8C2E170AA9FA9AFBDA7F2B" box="[990,1113,1299,1324]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" precision="92" value="48.808334">48º 48.5′N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4D2CDBFF8C2E170D13FA9AFB717F2B" box="[1124,1266,1299,1324]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" precision="92" value="-125.185">125º 11.1′W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
),
|
||
<quantity id="4C81E7F9FF8C2E170C71FA9AFADE7F2C" box="[1286,1373,1299,1323]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="m" value="10.5" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="9.0">9–12 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFC76CDCFF8C2E170C1EFA9DFF727F48" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="1973-05-05">May 5, 1973</date>
|
||
, coll. W.C. Austin; KML 1189, Christie Islet, Howe Sound,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED68D2D9FF8C2E170AC5FABEFC597F48" box="[946,986,1335,1359]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">BC</collectionCode>
|
||
, (49°
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4D2CDBFF8C2E170D54FABEFB127F48" box="[1059,1169,1335,1359]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" precision="55" value="29.919">29.919 N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 123°
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4D2CDBFF8C2E170DA8FABFFAC97F48" box="[1247,1354,1334,1359]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" precision="55" value="-17.985">17.985W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
),
|
||
<quantity id="4C81E7F9FF8C2E170C17FABFFA1F7F48" box="[1376,1436,1334,1359]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="m" value="15.0">15 m</quantity>
|
||
depth,
|
||
<date id="FFC76CDCFF8C2E170994FAD5FE017F74" box="[227,386,1371,1396]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="2012-05-19">May 19, 2012</date>
|
||
, coll. & photo N. McDaniel.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC64A1CFF8C2E1709B0FAF7FC667FBB" blockId="5.[151,1437,933,1684]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
Field images (not accompanied by voucher): Howe Sd.,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED68D2D9FF8C2E170A1CFAF6FC107F90" box="[875,915,1407,1431]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">BC</collectionCode>
|
||
, (approx.
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4D2CDBFF8C2E170D78FAF6FBFA7F90" box="[1039,1145,1406,1431]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" precision="925" value="49.466667">49º 28′N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4D2CDBFF8C2E170DFDFAF6FA897F90" box="[1162,1290,1406,1431]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" precision="925" value="-123.333336">123º 20′W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), photos, N. McDaniel; Flat Top Islands,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED68D2D9FF8C2E1708AFFA2AFE7E7FBC" box="[472,509,1443,1467]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">BC</collectionCode>
|
||
(
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4D2CDBFF8C2E170B7BFA2AFDE77FBB" box="[524,612,1443,1468]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" precision="925" value="49.15">49º 9′N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4D2CDBFF8C2E170B18FA2AFD697FBB" box="[623,746,1443,1468]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" precision="925" value="-123.683334">123º 41′W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), photo, N. McDaniel.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3631997FF8C2E1409B0FA4FFBFD7DA1" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC64A1CFF8C2E1709B0FA4FFBBB7C20" blockId="5.[151,1437,933,1684]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFF8C2E1709B0FA4FFEDA7FD8" bold="true" box="[199,345,1478,1503]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFF8C2E170817FA41FDD97FD8" box="[352,602,1479,1503]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Macroscopic features.</emphasis>
|
||
The basic growth form was determined for specimens from ten localities: nine were α stage, one was γ stage (KML 1017). Colour alive bright yellow, in alcohol dark brown. Colour photos show dramatic differences between expanded and contracted sponges (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13425699FF8C2E170AC7F987FC6D7C20" box="[944,1006,1550,1575]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1775,1797]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,195,1753]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,195,1753]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 1. Cliona californiana de Laubenfels, 1932. A, expanded specimen, scale bar approx. 4 cm; B, contracted specimen, scale bar approx. 1 cm; C, expanded papilla and ostia, scale bar approx. 5 mm; D, tylostyle, scale bar 100 µm; E, polytylote tylostyle, scale bar 100 µm; F, heads of tylostyles, scale bar 10 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/286374/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
A–C).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC64A1CFF8C2E1709B0F9BAFEA57C93" blockId="5.[151,1437,933,1684]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFF8C2E1709B0F9BAFEAF7C4B" box="[199,300,1587,1612]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Spicules.</emphasis>
|
||
Spicules exclusively tylostyles (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13425699FF8C2E170BE8F9BAFD5C7C4C" box="[671,735,1587,1612]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1775,1797]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,195,1753]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,195,1753]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 1. Cliona californiana de Laubenfels, 1932. A, expanded specimen, scale bar approx. 4 cm; B, contracted specimen, scale bar approx. 1 cm; C, expanded papilla and ostia, scale bar approx. 5 mm; D, tylostyle, scale bar 100 µm; E, polytylote tylostyle, scale bar 100 µm; F, heads of tylostyles, scale bar 10 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/286374/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
D–F), often subterminal (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13425699FF8C2E170D72F9BAFBC67C4C" box="[1029,1093,1587,1612]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1775,1797]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,195,1753]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,195,1753]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 1. Cliona californiana de Laubenfels, 1932. A, expanded specimen, scale bar approx. 4 cm; B, contracted specimen, scale bar approx. 1 cm; C, expanded papilla and ostia, scale bar approx. 5 mm; D, tylostyle, scale bar 100 µm; E, polytylote tylostyle, scale bar 100 µm; F, heads of tylostyles, scale bar 10 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/286374/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
F), some polytylote (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13425699FF8C2E170C40F9BAFAFB7C4C" box="[1335,1400,1587,1612]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1775,1797]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,195,1753]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,195,1753]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 1. Cliona californiana de Laubenfels, 1932. A, expanded specimen, scale bar approx. 4 cm; B, contracted specimen, scale bar approx. 1 cm; C, expanded papilla and ostia, scale bar approx. 5 mm; D, tylostyle, scale bar 100 µm; E, polytylote tylostyle, scale bar 100 µm; F, heads of tylostyles, scale bar 10 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/286374/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
E). The range and mean tylostyle dimensions (µm) in specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFF8C2E170A04F9DFFBD07C68" box="[883,1107,1622,1647]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Cliona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="californiana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFF8C2E170A04F9DFFBD07C68" box="[883,1107,1622,1647]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Cliona californiana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from various sites in BC are given below.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC64A1CFF8C2E1709E8F926FB7E7DE1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<table id="F979B8BCFF8CD1ED09E8F926FA807DE1" box="[159,1283,1711,2022]" gridcols="3" gridrows="8" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<tr id="3549485EFF8CD1ED09E8F926FA807CC2" box="[159,1283,1711,1733]" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<th id="76982122FF8CD1ED09E8F926FDD07CC2" box="[159,595,1711,1733]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Accession Numbers Location in BC</th>
|
||
<th id="76982122FF8CD1ED0A76F926FC1E7CC2" box="[769,925,1711,1733]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Length</th>
|
||
<th id="76982122FF8CD1ED0D23F926FA807CC2" box="[1108,1283,1711,1733]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Width</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3549485EFF8CD1ED09E8F951FA807CE9" box="[159,1283,1752,1774]" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<th id="76982122FF8CD1ED09E8F951FDD07CE9" box="[159,595,1752,1774]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">KML 1002 Bamfield Wharf</th>
|
||
<td id="76982122FF8CD1ED0A76F951FC1E7CE9" box="[769,925,1752,1774]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">240–(310)–410</td>
|
||
<td id="76982122FF8CD1ED0D23F951FA807CE9" box="[1108,1283,1752,1774]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">10.0–(11.5)–15.0</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3549485EFF8CD1ED09E8F888FA807D10" box="[159,1283,1793,1815]" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<th id="76982122FF8CD1ED09E8F888FDD07D10" box="[159,595,1793,1815]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">KML 1003 Porlier Pass</th>
|
||
<td id="76982122FF8CD1ED0A76F888FC1E7D10" box="[769,925,1793,1815]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">240–(288)–316</td>
|
||
<td id="76982122FF8CD1ED0D23F888FA807D10" box="[1108,1283,1793,1815]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">7.5–(10.8)–12.5</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3549485EFF8CD1ED09E8F8A2FA807D46" box="[159,1283,1835,1857]" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<th id="76982122FF8CD1ED09E8F8A2FDD07D46" box="[159,595,1835,1857]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">KML 1004 Copper Bay</th>
|
||
<td id="76982122FF8CD1ED0A76F8A2FC1E7D46" box="[769,925,1835,1857]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">220–(280)–336</td>
|
||
<td id="76982122FF8CD1ED0D23F8A2FA807D46" box="[1108,1283,1835,1857]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">7.5–(10.3)–12.5</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3549485EFF8CD1ED09E8F8DDFA807D6D" box="[159,1283,1876,1898]" gridrow="4" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<th id="76982122FF8CD1ED09E8F8DDFDD07D6D" box="[159,595,1876,1898]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">KML 1011 Whittlestone Pt.</th>
|
||
<td id="76982122FF8CD1ED0A76F8DDFC1E7D6D" box="[769,925,1876,1898]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">259–(310)–374</td>
|
||
<td id="76982122FF8CD1ED0D23F8DDFA807D6D" box="[1108,1283,1876,1898]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">7.5–(11.4)–15.0</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3549485EFF8CD1ED09E8F8F4FA807D94" box="[159,1283,1917,1939]" gridrow="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<th id="76982122FF8CD1ED09E8F8F4FDD07D94" box="[159,595,1917,1939]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">KML 1006 Exeter Shoal</th>
|
||
<td id="76982122FF8CD1ED0A76F8F4FC1E7D94" box="[769,925,1917,1939]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">220–(272)–310</td>
|
||
<td id="76982122FF8CD1ED0D23F8F4FA807D94" box="[1108,1283,1917,1939]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">10.0–(11.4)–15.0</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3549485EFF8CD1ED09E8F82EFA807DBA" box="[159,1283,1959,1981]" gridrow="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<th id="76982122FF8CD1ED09E8F82EFDD07DBA" box="[159,595,1959,1981]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">KML 1008 Effingham I.</th>
|
||
<td id="76982122FF8CD1ED0A76F82EFC1E7DBA" box="[769,925,1959,1981]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">240–(280)–310</td>
|
||
<td id="76982122FF8CD1ED0D23F82EFA807DBA" box="[1108,1283,1959,1981]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">10.0–(11.3)–12.5</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3549485EFF8CD1ED09E8F859FA807DE1" box="[159,1283,2000,2022]" gridrow="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<th id="76982122FF8CD1ED09E8F859FDD07DE1" box="[159,595,2000,2022]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">KML 1005 Wizard I. Pass</th>
|
||
<td id="76982122FF8CD1ED0A76F859FC1E7DE1" box="[769,925,2000,2022]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">240–(268)–300</td>
|
||
<td id="76982122FF8CD1ED0D23F859FA807DE1" box="[1108,1283,2000,2022]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">7.5–(10.1)–15.0</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF061A94FF8F2E1409E0F966FCC37D45" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/286374/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" targetBox="[151,1436,195,1753]" targetPageId="6">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC64A1CFF8F2E1409E0F966FCC37D45" blockId="6.[151,1436,1775,1858]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFF8F2E1409E0F966FE907D02" bold="true" box="[151,275,1775,1797]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFF8F2E14086EF966FE627D02" box="[281,481,1775,1797]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Cliona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="californiana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFF8F2E14086EF966FE627D02" box="[281,481,1775,1797]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Cliona californiana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
de Laubenfels, 1932. A, expanded specimen, scale bar approx. 4 cm; B, contracted specimen, scale bar approx. 1 cm; C, expanded papilla and ostia, scale bar approx. 5 mm; D, tylostyle, scale bar 100 µm; E, polytylote tylostyle, scale bar 100 µm; F, heads of tylostyles, scale bar 10 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC64A1CFF8F2E1409B0F8E3FBFD7DA1" blockId="6.[151,1437,1897,2030]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
We compared tylostyle dimensions using box and whisker plots (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13425699FF8F2E140AEDF8E0FC5E7D85" box="[922,989,1897,1922]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1750,1772]" captionTargetBox="[213,1346,1159,1723]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[213,1347,1159,1723]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 2. Cliona californiana de Laubenfels, 1932. ‘ Box and whisker’ comparisons of tylostyles length A and width B from Mexican Pacific with East Atlantic and Mediterranean specimens (redrawn from Carballo et al. 2004), and from both regions with British Columbia specimens (our data, right). The bottom of the box represents the 25 th percentile, the top the 75 th percentile, and the line bisecting the box the 50 th percentile (the median), the bottom and top of the whisker are the minimum and maximum values." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/286375/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
) of BC specimens (our data) and of east Atlantic/ Mediterranean and Mexican Pacific specimens (data from
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE837EDFF8F2E140AF8F804FBF17DA1" author="Carballo" box="[911,1138,1933,1958]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refString="Carballo, J. L., Cruz-Barraza, J. A. & Gomez, P. (2004) Taxonomy and description of clionaid sponges (Hadromerida, Clionaidae) from the Pacific Ocean of Mexico. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 141, 353 - 397. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.2004.00126. x" type="journal article" year="2004">
|
||
Carballo
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFF8F2E140A81F807FBAD7DA1" box="[1014,1070,1933,1958]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2004
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3631997FF8F2E1A09B0F838FB8A793F" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC64A1CFF8F2E1409B0F838FA1E7DE9" blockId="6.[151,1437,1897,2030]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFF8F2E1409B0F838FEB87DCD" bold="true" box="[199,315,1969,1994]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE837EDFF8F2E140836F838FDB27DCD" box="[321,561,1969,1994]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refString="Carballo, J. L., Cruz-Barraza, J. A. & Gomez, P. (2004) Taxonomy and description of clionaid sponges (Hadromerida, Clionaidae) from the Pacific Ocean of Mexico. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 141, 353 - 397. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.2004.00126. x" type="journal article">
|
||
Carballo
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFF8F2E1408DFF83AFE627DCD" box="[424,481,1969,1994]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2004)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
found that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFF8F2E140BC6F838FCCA7DCD" box="[689,841,1969,1994]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Cliona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="celata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFF8F2E140BC6F838FCCA7DCD" box="[689,841,1969,1994]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Cliona celata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFF8F2E140A38F83BFB8A7DCD" box="[847,1033,1969,1994]" class="Demospongiae" family="Tethyidae" genus="Tethya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Porifera" rank="variety" species="aurantium" variety="californiana">
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFF8F2E140A08F838FB8A7DCD" box="[895,1033,1969,1994]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">californiana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the Mexican Pacific coast had tylostyles which were significantly shorter and wider than specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFF8F2E140A97F85CFBF97DE9" box="[992,1146,2005,2030]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Cliona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="celata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFF8F2E140A97F85CFBF97DE9" box="[992,1146,2005,2030]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Cliona celata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the Mediterranean.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC64A1CFF8E2E1509E0FF1EFD007B1A" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,789]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
Their measure of significance was P<0.0001. F-ratio 30.04 for length and P<0.0001 F-ratio 66.98. They also noted that tylostyle heads of Mexican material had better formed tylostyles with fewer style/subtylostyle modifications than the Mediterranean specimens. They proposed that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFF8E2E150A73FF69FCEA7AFF" box="[772,873,223,248]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Cliona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="celata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFF8E2E150A73FF69FCEA7AFF" box="[772,873,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">C. celata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFF8E2E150A07FF69FBA97AFF" box="[880,1066,223,248]" class="Demospongiae" family="Tethyidae" genus="Tethya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Porifera" rank="variety" species="aurantium" variety="californiana">
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFF8E2E150AD7FF56FBA97AFF" box="[928,1066,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">californiana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
be considered as a valid species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFF8E2E1509E0FE8CFEC17B1A" box="[151,322,260,285]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Cliona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="californiana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFF8E2E1509E0FE8CFEC17B1A" box="[151,322,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">C. californiana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and distinct from
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFF8E2E150B61FE8CFD007B1A" box="[534,643,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFF8E2E150B61FE8CFDFC7B1A" box="[534,639,260,285]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Cliona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="celata">C. celata</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC64A1CFF8E2E1509B0FEAEFB457882" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,789]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
When we compared our BC specimens with the box and whisker plots of Caraballo
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFF8E2E150D0CFEA0FB307B47" box="[1147,1203,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2004, we found that tylostyle lengths did not significantly vary from the Atlantic/Mediterranean or from the Mexican Pacific specimens (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13425699FF8E2E1509E8FEE6FF607B8F" box="[159,227,367,392]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1750,1772]" captionTargetBox="[213,1346,1159,1723]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[213,1347,1159,1723]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 2. Cliona californiana de Laubenfels, 1932. ‘ Box and whisker’ comparisons of tylostyles length A and width B from Mexican Pacific with East Atlantic and Mediterranean specimens (redrawn from Carballo et al. 2004), and from both regions with British Columbia specimens (our data, right). The bottom of the box represents the 25 th percentile, the top the 75 th percentile, and the line bisecting the box the 50 th percentile (the median), the bottom and top of the whisker are the minimum and maximum values." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/286375/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
A). However, tylostyles were wider in the BC specimens than in the Mexican Pacific specimens and much wider than in the Mediterranean specimens (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13425699FF8E2E150BF1FE1DFD4A7BAB" box="[646,713,404,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1750,1772]" captionTargetBox="[213,1346,1159,1723]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[213,1347,1159,1723]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 2. Cliona californiana de Laubenfels, 1932. ‘ Box and whisker’ comparisons of tylostyles length A and width B from Mexican Pacific with East Atlantic and Mediterranean specimens (redrawn from Carballo et al. 2004), and from both regions with British Columbia specimens (our data, right). The bottom of the box represents the 25 th percentile, the top the 75 th percentile, and the line bisecting the box the 50 th percentile (the median), the bottom and top of the whisker are the minimum and maximum values." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/286375/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
B). This may reflect a genetic difference sufficient to support full species status for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFF8E2E150817FE31FD8E7BD7" box="[352,525,439,464]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Cliona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="californiana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFF8E2E150817FE31FD8E7BD7" box="[352,525,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">C. californiana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. However, it has also been demonstrated that in some sponges the width but not necessarily the length is directly correlated with ambient silica concentration (e.g.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE837EDFF8E2E150D2DFE55FB5C7BF3" author="Stone" box="[1114,1247,476,500]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refString="Stone, A. R. (1970) Seasonal variations of spicule size in Hymeniacidon perleve. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 50, 343 - 348. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1017 / s 0025315400004562" type="journal article" year="1970">Stone 1970</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE837EDFF8E2E150D99FE55FF57781F" author="Mercurio" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refString="Mercurio, M., Corriero, G., Scalera, L. & Gaino, E. (2000) Silica content and spicule size variations in Pellina semitubulosa (Porifera, Demospongia). Marine Biology, 137 (1), 87 - 92. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1007 / s 002270000336" type="journal article" year="2000">
|
||
Mercurio
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFF8E2E150C17FE54FA1F7BF2" box="[1376,1436,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2000
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). British
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36E0A8CFF8E2E150849FE76FE2F781F" box="[318,428,511,536]" name="United States of America" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Columbia</collectingCountry>
|
||
has one of the highest levels of silica in the world in shallow water (Austin 2012). By contrast Mediterranean waters have low silica concentrations relative to the Atlantic (e.g.,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE837EDFF8E2E150DFCFDADFABF783B" author="Uriz" box="[1163,1340,548,573]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refString="Uriz, M. J., Turon, X., Becerro, M. A. & Agell, G. (2003) Siliceous spicules and skeleton frameworks in sponges: origin, diversity, ultrastructural patterns, and biological functions. Microscopy Research and Technique 62, 279 - 299. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1002 / jemt. 10395" type="journal article" year="2003">
|
||
Uriz
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFF8E2E150DB4FDACFB7F783A" box="[1219,1276,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2003
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and the North Atlantic has low concentrations compared to the NE Pacific (e.g.,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE837EDFF8E2E150A9DFDCEFB167867" author="Schlitzer" box="[1002,1173,583,608]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refString="Schlitzer, R. (2000) Electronic Atlas of WOCE Hydrographic and Tracer Data. Eos Trans. AGU, 81 (5), 45. Available from: http: // www. ewoce. org / gallery / index. html (accessed 7 March 2014)" type="journal article" year="2000">Schlitzer 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The spicule width of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFF8E2E1509E0FDE5FEAC7882" box="[151,303,620,645]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Cliona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="celata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFF8E2E1509E0FDE5FEAC7882" box="[151,303,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Cliona celata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
populations could, therefore, be a reflection of differences in silica concentration.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC64A1CFF8E2E1509B0FD06FCDD7912" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,789]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE837EDFF8E2E1509B0FD06FE3678AF" author="Rosell" box="[199,437,655,680]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refString="Rosell, D. & Uriz, M. J. (2002) Excavating and endolithic sponge species (Porifera) from the Mediterranean: species descriptions and identification key. Organisms, Diversity & Evolution, 2, 55 - 86. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1078 / 1439 - 6092 - 00033" type="journal article" year="2002">Rosell & Uriz (2002)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
provided a table listing 11 populations of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFF8E2E150AFBFD19FC7278AF" box="[908,1009,655,680]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Cliona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="celata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFF8E2E150AFBFD19FC7278AF" box="[908,1009,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">C. celata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
reported in the literature from various localities in the North Atlantic. We compared the maximum lengths and widths for each population with those for the Mexican and BC specimens. Minimums were not used as it was unclear whether or not juvenile spicules were included. Mean values were not available for most populations.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC64A1CFF8E2E1509E8FCDCFC3579E1" blockId="7.[159,969,852,1080]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Range in maximum lengths Atlantic specimens 300–450 Μm Range in maximum lengths Mexican specimens 287–412 Μm Range in maximum lengths BC specimens 300–410 Μm Range in maximum widths Atlantic specimens 7.0–17 Μm</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC64A1CFF8E2E1A09E8FC73FD477B62" blockId="7.[159,969,852,1080]" lastBlockId="8.[151,1437,151,824]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
Range in maximum widths Mexican specimens 7.5–13.8 Μm Range in maximum widths BC specimens 12.5–15 Μm For both lengths and widths the ranges in sizes for the largest spicules of Mexican and BC specimens fit within the ranges for the Atlantic specimens except for a slightly smaller maximum size of 287 Μm compared to 300 Μm in the Atlantic populations. We also compared the ratios of length to width for the specimens. These ratios were 31 for Atlantic, 33 for
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36E0A8CFF812E1A083DFF1EFE207AB7" box="[330,419,151,176]" name="Mexico" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and 26 for BC. The lower ratio for the BC specimens could be an ecophenotypic response to higher levels of silica in BC (discussed above).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE837EDFF812E1A0BB0FF35FC347AD3" box="[711,951,188,213]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refString="Carballo, J. L., Cruz-Barraza, J. A. & Gomez, P. (2004) Taxonomy and description of clionaid sponges (Hadromerida, Clionaidae) from the Pacific Ocean of Mexico. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 141, 353 - 397. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.2004.00126. x" type="journal article">
|
||
Carballo
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFF812E1A0A59FF34FCE57AD2" box="[814,870,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2004)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
suggested that the more regular production of tylostyles with few styles or subtylostyles in the Mexican specimens compared to the Atlantic specimens supports elevation of C
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFF812E1A08D1FE8DFDAC7B1A" box="[422,559,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
liona
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFF812E1A089DFE8DFDAC7B1A" box="[490,559,260,285]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Cliona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="celata">celata</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFF812E1A0B4EFE8CFD747B1A" box="[569,759,260,285]" class="Demospongiae" family="Tethyidae" genus="Tethya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Porifera" rank="variety" species="aurantium" variety="californiana">
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFF812E1A0B1BFE8DFD747B1A" box="[620,759,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">californiana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to species status. However, these differences may also be ecophenotypic rather than genetic.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE837EDFF812E1A0B51FEAEFD6F7B47" box="[550,748,295,320]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refString="Uriz, M. J., Turon, X., Becerro, M. A. & Agell, G. (2003) Siliceous spicules and skeleton frameworks in sponges: origin, diversity, ultrastructural patterns, and biological functions. Microscopy Research and Technique 62, 279 - 299. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1002 / jemt. 10395" type="journal article">
|
||
Uriz
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFF812E1A0B17FEA0FD197B47" box="[608,666,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2003)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
commented that the transformation of styles to tylostyles or subtylostyles may depend on silica concentration.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF061A94FF8E2E1509E0F95FFEF67D60" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/286375/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" targetBox="[213,1346,1159,1723]" targetPageId="7">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC64A1CFF8E2E1509E0F95FFEF67D60" blockId="7.[151,1436,1750,1895]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFF8E2E1509E0F95FFE917CEB" bold="true" box="[151,274,1750,1772]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFF8E2E15086FF95FFE637CEB" box="[280,480,1750,1772]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Cliona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="californiana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFF8E2E15086FF95FFE637CEB" box="[280,480,1750,1772]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Cliona californiana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
de Laubenfels, 1932. ‘Box and whisker’ comparisons of tylostyles length A and width B from Mexican Pacific with East Atlantic and Mediterranean specimens (redrawn from Carballo
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFF8E2E150D42F97FFBE97D0D" box="[1077,1130,1780,1803]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2004), and from both regions with British Columbia specimens (our data, right). The bottom of the box represents the 25th percentile, the top the 75th percentile, and the line bisecting the box the 50th percentile (the median), the bottom and top of the whisker are the minimum and maximum values.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC64A1CFF812E1A09B0FEE6FAF478CA" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,824]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFF812E1A09B0FEE6FEDC7B8F" bold="true" box="[199,351,367,392]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Conclusions.</emphasis>
|
||
We have reservations about accepting
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFF812E1A0A6EFEF9FC037B8F" box="[793,896,367,392]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Cliona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="celata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFF812E1A0A6EFEF9FC037B8F" box="[793,896,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">C. celata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFF812E1A0AFFFEF9FBC77B8F" box="[904,1092,367,392]" class="Demospongiae" family="Tethyidae" genus="Tethya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Porifera" rank="variety" species="aurantium" variety="californiana">
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFF812E1A0ACEFEE6FBC77B8F" box="[953,1092,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">californiana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a distinct species given the possibility that apparent differences in size and form of the tylostyles in Mexican specimens compared to Atlantic and Mediterranean specimens could well be ecophenotypic expressions in response to silica concentrations. Also the range in upper size limits of tylostyles for a broader selection of N. Atlantic localities (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE837EDFF812E1A0DD9FE55FA167BF3" author="Rosell" box="[1198,1429,476,501]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refString="Rosell, D. & Uriz, M. J. (2002) Excavating and endolithic sponge species (Porifera) from the Mediterranean: species descriptions and identification key. Organisms, Diversity & Evolution, 2, 55 - 86. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1078 / 1439 - 6092 - 00033" type="journal article" year="2002">Rosell & Uriz 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) encompasses the range for the Mexican and BC samples. However, until more detailed data suggest otherwise, we follow
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE837EDFF812E1A099BFDADFE6D783B" box="[236,494,548,573]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refString="Carballo, J. L., Cruz-Barraza, J. A. & Gomez, P. (2004) Taxonomy and description of clionaid sponges (Hadromerida, Clionaidae) from the Pacific Ocean of Mexico. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 141, 353 - 397. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.2004.00126. x" type="journal article">
|
||
Carballo
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFF812E1A082EFDACFE14783A" box="[345,407,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2004)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
in considering
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFF812E1A0BDBFDACFCDE783A" box="[684,861,548,573]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Cliona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="californiana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFF812E1A0BDBFDACFCDE783A" box="[684,861,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">C. californiana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a distinct species. We agree with one of the reviewers that the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFF812E1A081CFDCEFD867867" box="[363,517,583,608]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Cliona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="celata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFF812E1A081CFDCEFD867867" box="[363,517,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Cliona celata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
/
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C79319FFF812E1A0B62FDCEFD757867" box="[533,758,583,608]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Cliona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hadromerida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="californiana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFF812E1A0B62FDCEFD757867" box="[533,758,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Cliona californiana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
complex is a good candidate for barcoding. We extend the species range further north to British
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36E0A8CFF812E1A0B41FDE5FD2B7882" box="[566,680,620,645]" name="United States of America" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Columbia</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Populations from southern Alaska are also likely to be this species. Given that we suggest barcoding and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE837EDFF812E1A0B4EFD06FCAA78AF" box="[569,809,655,680]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refString="Carballo, J. L., Cruz-Barraza, J. A. & Gomez, P. (2004) Taxonomy and description of clionaid sponges (Hadromerida, Clionaidae) from the Pacific Ocean of Mexico. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 141, 353 - 397. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.2004.00126. x" type="journal article">
|
||
Carballo
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFF812E1A0BD7FD18FD5B78AF" box="[672,728,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2004)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
have compared the Mexican specimens with those from the Atlantic, we hesitate to compound the confusion by comparing classical characters for Indo-Pacific species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC64A1CFF812E1A09B0FD5EFD7C78F7" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,824]" box="[199,767,727,752]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFF812E1A09B0FD5EFE2D78F7" bold="true" box="[199,430,727,752]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Bathymetric range.</emphasis>
|
||
Low intertidal to
|
||
<quantity id="4C81E7F9FF812E1A0B0EFD5EFD3178E8" box="[633,690,727,752]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.6" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="m" value="46.0">46 m</quantity>
|
||
depth.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC64A1CFF812E1A09B0FD75FB8A793F" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,824]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D960EFF812E1A09B0FD75FE7B7912" bold="true" box="[199,504,764,789]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Geographic distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
British
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36E0A8CFF812E1A0B13FD75FD507912" box="[612,723,764,789]" name="United States of America" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Columbia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36E0A8CFF812E1A0B9DFD75FCC77912" box="[746,836,764,789]" name="Canada" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Canada</collectingCountry>
|
||
), Washington, California (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36E0A8CFF812E1A0DF1FD75FB407913" box="[1158,1219,764,788]" name="United States of America" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
), Baja California, Sonora, Sinaloa, Nayurit, Jalisco, Guerrero, Gulf of Tehuantepec (W.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36E0A8CFF812E1A0AD4FC96FC7D793F" box="[931,1022,799,824]" name="Mexico" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |