410 lines
46 KiB
XML
410 lines
46 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6138949" ID-GBIF-Dataset="d3221bd0-59a5-46a4-bc74-8e7f0c40bb29" ID-GBIF-Taxon="114917921" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6138949" checkinTime="1432475092939" checkinUser="jeremy" docAuthor="Pelser, Pieter B., Tandang, Danilo N. & Barcelona, Julie F." docDate="2014" docId="F71D87D7FFC11D3AFF3AF88E6127AB49" docLanguage="en" docName="5095-18665-1-PB.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 170" docTitle="Balanophora coralliformis Barcelona, Tandang & Pelser, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="295" masterDocId="0B24FFAFFFC11D3EFFB2FF996422AA26" masterDocTitle="Balanophora coralliformis (Balanophoraceae), a new species from Mt. Mingan, Luzon, Philippines" masterLastPageNumber="295" masterPageNumber="291" pageId="0" pageNumber="291" updateTime="1645185593516" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Balanophora coralliformis (Balanophoraceae), a new species from Mt. Mingan, Luzon, Philippines</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Pelser, Pieter B.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Tandang, Danilo N.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Barcelona, Julie F.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2014</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>170</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>291</mods:start>
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<mods:end>295</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.11646/phytotaxa.170.4.7</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6138949" ID-GBIF-Taxon="114917921" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6138949" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F71D87D7FFC11D3AFF3AF88E6127AB49" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F71D87D7FFC11D3AFF3AF88E6127AB49" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="295" pageId="0" pageNumber="291">
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<subSubSection box="[136,1028,1813,1841]" pageId="0" pageNumber="291" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph box="[136,1028,1813,1841]" pageId="0" pageNumber="291">
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<taxonomicName authority="Barcelona, Tandang & Pelser" authorityName="Barcelona, Tandang & Pelser" box="[136,781,1813,1841]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Balanophoraceae" genus="Balanophora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Santalales" pageId="0" pageNumber="291" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="coralliformis" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,445,1815,1841]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="291">Balanophora coralliformis</emphasis>
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Barcelona, Tandang & Pelser
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel box="[792,877,1815,1841]" pageId="0" pageNumber="291" rank="species">
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<emphasis box="[792,877,1815,1841]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="291">sp. nov.</emphasis>
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</taxonomicNameLabel>
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(
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<figureCitation box="[892,969,1813,1841]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[136,229,1940,1962]" captionTargetBox="[208,1378,190,1913]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[208,1379,190,1914]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Balanophora coralliformis. A. Habit of pistillate plant. B. Branching above-ground tubers and young inflorescences of pistillate plant. C. Young inflorescences of pistillate plant. D. Branching above ground tubers and staminate inflorescence. E. Habit of alcohol preserved staminate specimen with young inflorescences showing above-ground tuber mass. F. Young staminate inflorescence. A – C. Barcelona 3890 with Pelser & Tandang. D & F. Barcelona 3895 with Pelser & Tandang. E. Barcelona 3889 with Pelser & Tandang." pageId="0" pageNumber="291">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
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&
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<figureCitation box="[1005,1019,1813,1841]" captionStart="FIGURE 2. A – D" captionStartId="2.[136,229,1874,1895]" captionTargetBox="[230,1356,190,1847]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[230,1357,190,1847]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. A – D. Balanophora coralliformis. A. Staminate inflorescence. B. Staminate flowers. C. Leaf arrangement of staminate plant. D. Longitudinal section of young pistillate inflorescence. E – H. Balanophora papuana. E. Pistillate plant removed from soil. F. Staminate flowers. G. Habit of staminate plant. H. Young staminate inflorescence showing leaf arrangement. A – C. Barcelona 3895 with Pelser & Tandang. D. Barcelona 3890 with Pelser & Tandang. E. Barcelona 3865 with Pelser & Tandang (PNH; Mt. Mingan, Aurora / Nueva Ecija prov.). F. Barcelona 3916 with Pelser (PNH; Brgy. Aningalan, San Remigio Mun., Antique prov.). G. Barcelona 3866 with Pelser & Tandang (PNH; Mt. Mingan, Aurora / Nueva Ecija prov.). H. Not collected." pageId="0" pageNumber="291">2</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="291" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="291">
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1224544528" collectingDate="2014-02-23" collectionCode="PNH" country="Philippines" elevation="1725" latitude="15.463555" location="Luzon, San Luis Municipality, Mt. Mingan" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="121.39536" pageId="0" pageNumber="291" specimenCode="Barcelona 3895" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Aurora" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,191,1890,1911]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="291">
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<typeStatus box="[136,185,1890,1911]" pageId="0" pageNumber="291">Type</typeStatus>
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:
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</emphasis>
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—
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<collectingCountry box="[216,360,1890,1911]" name="Philippines" pageId="0" pageNumber="291" value="Philippines">PHILIPPINES</collectingCountry>
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.
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<collectingRegion box="[371,436,1890,1911]" pageId="0" pageNumber="291">Luzon</collectingRegion>
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:
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<collectingRegion box="[446,609,1889,1911]" pageId="0" pageNumber="291">Aurora Province</collectingRegion>
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,
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F71D87D7FFC11D3AFF3AF88E6127AB49:7A6B601AFFC11D3EFDDFF8FB67EEAD51" box="[621,972,1889,1911]" country="Philippines" latitude="15.463555" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="121.39536" name="San Luis Municipality, Mt. Mingan" pageId="0" pageNumber="291" stateProvince="Luzon">San Luis Municipality, Mt. Mingan</location>
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, beside trail en route to summit,
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<geoCoordinate box="[1302,1447,1888,1911]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="0" pageNumber="291" precision="1" value="15.463555">15°27’48.8” N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate box="[189,343,1924,1947]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="0" pageNumber="291" precision="1" value="121.39536">121°23’43.3” E</geoCoordinate>
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, c.
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<elevation box="[377,453,1926,1947]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.725" pageId="0" pageNumber="291" unit="m" value="1725.0">
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<quantity box="[377,453,1926,1947]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.725" pageId="0" pageNumber="291" unit="m" value="1725.0">1725 m</quantity>
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</elevation>
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,
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<collectingDate box="[463,638,1925,1947]" pageId="0" pageNumber="291" value="2014-02-23">
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<date box="[463,638,1925,1947]" pageId="0" pageNumber="291" value="2014-02-23">23 February 2014</date>
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</collectingDate>
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,
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<emphasis box="[648,1033,1925,1947]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="291">
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<specimenCode box="[648,802,1925,1947]" pageId="0" pageNumber="291">Barcelona 3895</specimenCode>
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with Pelser & Tandang
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</emphasis>
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(staminate plant; holotype:
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<collectionCode box="[1305,1356,1926,1947]" collectionName="PNH" pageId="0" pageNumber="291">PNH</collectionCode>
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, isotypes:
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</materialsCitation>
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1224544523" box="[189,245,1962,1983]" collectingDate="2014-02-23" collectionCode="CHR" country="Philippines" elevation="1725" latitude="15.463555" location="Luzon, San Luis Municipality, Mt. Mingan" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="121.39536" pageId="0" pageNumber="291" specimenCode="Barcelona 3895" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Aurora" typeStatus="isotype">CHR,</materialsCitation>
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1224544525" box="[251,274,1962,1983]" collectingDate="2014-02-23" collectionCode="K" country="Philippines" elevation="1725" latitude="15.463555" location="Luzon, San Luis Municipality, Mt. Mingan" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="121.39536" pageId="0" pageNumber="291" specimenCode="Barcelona 3895" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Aurora" typeStatus="isotype">K,</materialsCitation>
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1224544521" box="[280,334,1962,1983]" collectingDate="2014-02-23" collectionCode="PUH" country="Philippines" elevation="1725" latitude="15.463555" location="Luzon, San Luis Municipality, Mt. Mingan" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="121.39536" pageId="0" pageNumber="291" specimenCode="Barcelona 3895" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Aurora" typeStatus="isotype">PUH,</materialsCitation>
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1224544526" box="[340,382,1961,1983]" collectingDate="2014-02-23" collectionCode="US" country="Philippines" elevation="1725" latitude="15.463555" location="Luzon, San Luis Municipality, Mt. Mingan" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="121.39536" pageId="0" pageNumber="291" specimenCode="Barcelona 3895" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Aurora" typeStatus="isotype">US)</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="291" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="291">
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<taxonomicName box="[136,395,2027,2049]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Balanophoraceae" genus="Balanophora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Santalales" pageId="0" pageNumber="291" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="coralliformis">
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<emphasis box="[136,395,2027,2049]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="291">Balanophora coralliformis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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differs from all other described
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<taxonomicName box="[711,838,2027,2048]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Balanophoraceae" genus="Balanophora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Santalales" pageId="0" pageNumber="291" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[711,838,2027,2048]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="291">Balanophora</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species in the coral-like growth of repeatedly branched aboveground tubers.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<caption pageId="1" pageNumber="292" targetBox="[208,1378,190,1913]" targetPageId="1">
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="292">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,257,1940,1962]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
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<emphasis box="[266,527,1940,1962]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">
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<taxonomicName box="[266,527,1940,1962]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Balanophoraceae" genus="Balanophora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Santalales" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="coralliformis">Balanophora coralliformis</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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. A. Habit of pistillate plant. B. Branching above-ground tubers and young inflorescences of pistillate plant. C. Young inflorescences of pistillate plant. D. Branching above ground tubers and staminate inflorescence. E. Habit of alcohol preserved staminate specimen with young inflorescences showing above-ground tuber mass. F. Young staminate inflorescence. A– C.
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<emphasis box="[164,546,2048,2070]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">Barcelona 3890 with Pelser & Tandang</emphasis>
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. D & F.
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<emphasis box="[629,1011,2048,2070]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">Barcelona 3895 with Pelser & Tandang</emphasis>
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. E.
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<emphasis box="[1049,1431,2048,2070]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">Barcelona 3889 with Pelser & Tandang</emphasis>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="2" pageNumber="293" targetBox="[230,1356,190,1847]" targetPageId="2">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="293">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,253,1874,1895]" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
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A–D.
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<taxonomicName box="[318,575,1874,1895]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Balanophoraceae" genus="Balanophora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Santalales" pageId="2" pageNumber="293" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="coralliformis">
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<emphasis box="[318,575,1874,1895]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">Balanophora coralliformis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. A. Staminate inflorescence. B. Staminate flowers. C. Leaf arrangement of staminate plant. D. Longitudinal section of young pistillate inflorescence. E–H.
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<taxonomicName box="[745,961,1910,1931]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Balanophoraceae" genus="Balanophora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Santalales" pageId="2" pageNumber="293" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="papuana">
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<emphasis box="[745,961,1910,1931]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">Balanophora papuana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. E. Pistillate plant removed from soil. F. Staminate flowers. G. Habit of staminate plant. H. Young staminate inflorescence showing leaf arrangement. A–C.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">Barcelona 3895 with Pelser & Tandang</emphasis>
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. D.
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<emphasis box="[260,641,1982,2003]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">Barcelona 3890 with Pelser & Tandang</emphasis>
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. E.
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<emphasis box="[679,1060,1982,2003]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">Barcelona 3865 with Pelser & Tandang</emphasis>
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(PNH; Mt. Mingan, Aurora/Nueva Ecija prov.). F.
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<emphasis box="[233,508,2018,2039]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">Barcelona 3916 with Pelser</emphasis>
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(PNH; Brgy. Aningalan, San Remigio Mun., Antique prov.). G.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">Barcelona 3866 with Pelser & Tandang</emphasis>
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(PNH; Mt. Mingan, Aurora/Nueva Ecija prov.). H. Not collected.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="294" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="294">
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Herbaceous, holoparasitic, dioecious, clump-forming, up to c.
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<quantity box="[840,910,161,187]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" unit="cm" value="30.0">30 cm</quantity>
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tall above ground. Tubers predominantly above ground, repeatedly branched at angles of 40–50 degrees; tuber segments elongated, cylindrical, up to c.
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<quantity box="[1328,1386,197,223]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" unit="cm" value="5.0">5 cm</quantity>
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long,
|
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<quantity box="[136,263,233,259]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" metricValueMax="12.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" unit="cm" value="8.5" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="5.0">0.5–1.2 cm</quantity>
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diam., widening at apex of fertile terminal segments, basal and internal segments dark brown, terminal segments lighter brown towards apex, surface coarse and covered with scattered cream to light brown stellate warts composed of 3–8 globose clusters of cells. Stems individually emerging from apex of terminal tuber segments. Leaves in 2 opposite, decussate pairs, occasionally with an additional single leaf, imbricate, all inserted at nearly the same level, obovate to broadly obovate, spathulate, concave, on the same tuber of nearly the same size, 2.4–2.7 by 1.1–
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<quantity metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" unit="cm" value="2.0">2 cm</quantity>
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||
, base attenuate, margin entire, apex rounded, patent at anthesis, yellow to straw-colored. Inflorescences emerging endogenously from the apex of the tuber segments. Staminate inflorescence terminal, racemose,
|
||
<quantity box="[1237,1322,449,475]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" unit="cm" value="3.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="3.0">3–4 cm</quantity>
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||
by
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||
<quantity metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" unit="cm" value="20.0" valueMax="25.0" valueMin="15.0">1.5–2.5 cm</quantity>
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||
; peduncle 0.6–
|
||
<quantity box="[353,405,485,511]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" unit="cm" value="1.0">1 cm</quantity>
|
||
long; bracts c.
|
||
<quantity box="[587,657,485,511]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
|
||
, truncate; yellow to straw-colored. Staminate flowers 12–16, spirally arranged in conspicuous vertical rows, bisymmetric on account of lateral elongation, 4-merous, pedicels
|
||
<quantity box="[1349,1447,521,547]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" unit="mm" value="3.0" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="2.0">2–4 mm</quantity>
|
||
, tepals recurved at anthesis; median tepals
|
||
<quantity box="[611,732,557,583]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.15" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="2.3" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" unit="mm" value="3.15" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="2.3">2, 3–4 mm</quantity>
|
||
by
|
||
<quantity box="[775,871,557,583]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" unit="mm" value="2.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.0">2–3 mm</quantity>
|
||
, apex truncate or rounded; lateral tepals
|
||
<quantity box="[1330,1451,557,583]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.15" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="2.3" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" unit="mm" value="3.15" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="2.3">2, 3–4 mm</quantity>
|
||
by c.
|
||
<quantity box="[197,286,593,619]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" unit="mm" value="15.0">1.5 mm</quantity>
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||
, apex acute; sterile part of synandrium
|
||
<quantity box="[726,821,593,619]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" unit="mm" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">1–2 mm</quantity>
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||
; fertile part of synandrium ellipsoid, laterally elongated, 1.5–
|
||
<quantity box="[185,250,629,655]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, anterior-posterior width c. 1.5–
|
||
<quantity box="[673,740,629,655]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
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, lateral width
|
||
<quantity box="[901,998,629,655]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" unit="mm" value="3.0" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="2.0">2–4 mm</quantity>
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||
; anther cells parallel, running from base to apex of fertile part of synandrium, longitudinally opening, white. Young pistillate inflorescence terminal, spicate, ellipsoid, 1.3–1.6 by
|
||
<quantity box="[372,499,701,727]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" unit="cm" value="10.5" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="9.0">0.9–1.2 cm</quantity>
|
||
, peduncle
|
||
<quantity box="[618,711,701,727]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" unit="mm" value="3.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="3.0">3–4 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, yellow to straw-colored; spadicles (narrowly) obovoid, 0.4– 0.5 by 0.15–
|
||
<quantity box="[277,364,737,763]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" unit="mm" value="3.0">0.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
, apex rounded. Pistillate flowers numerous, minute, largest ones c.
|
||
<quantity box="[1119,1209,737,763]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" unit="mm" value="15.0">1.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Fruits not observed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="294" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="294">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,491,773,799]" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">Distribution and habitat:</emphasis>
|
||
—Only known from the
|
||
<typeStatus box="[770,819,773,799]" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality between
|
||
<date box="[1019,1187,772,799]" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" value="1465" valueMax="1725">
|
||
1465 and
|
||
<quantity box="[1131,1216,773,799]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.725" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" unit="m" value="1725.0">1725 m</quantity>
|
||
</date>
|
||
on the SW slopes of Mt. Mingan, in montane mossy forest. Some populations are sympatric with
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[996,1125,809,835]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Balanophoraceae" genus="Balanophora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Santalales" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="papuana">
|
||
<emphasis box="[996,1125,809,835]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">B. papuana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="294" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="294">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,437,845,871]" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">Conservation status:</emphasis>
|
||
—This species is only known from few (<50) plants at the
|
||
<typeStatus box="[1112,1160,845,871]" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality and has not been found in other areas with similar habitats in the remaining montane forests of Nueva Ecija and Aurora provinces. However, this may be due to the lack of botanical explorations in these adjacent areas. Mt. Mingan is not currently included in the country’s Protected Areas by the Department of the Environment and Natural Resources (
|
||
<collectionCode box="[1320,1403,952,979]" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">DENR</collectionCode>
|
||
). As such, the habitat of
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[357,534,988,1015]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Balanophoraceae" genus="Balanophora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Santalales" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="coralliformis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[357,534,988,1015]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">B. coralliformis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is under significant threat by activities such as illegal logging and slash-and-burn agriculture. Therefore, we consider this species to be Critically Endangered, CR B1ab(iii,iv); D (
|
||
<collectionCode box="[1219,1289,1024,1051]" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">IUCN</collectionCode>
|
||
2001).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="294">
|
||
The presence of other threatened species such as
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Blanco (1845: 595)" authorityName="Blanco" authorityPageNumber="595" authorityYear="1845" box="[761,1203,1060,1087]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rafflesiaceae" genus="Rafflesia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="lagascae">
|
||
<emphasis box="[761,970,1060,1087]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">Rafflesia lagascae</emphasis>
|
||
Blanco (1845: 595)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and Philippine Eagle (
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[145,390,1096,1123]" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Pithecophaga" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Falconiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jefferyi">
|
||
<emphasis box="[145,390,1096,1123]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">Pithecophaga jefferyi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) on the lower slopes of Mt. Mingan further indicates the need to establish Mt. Mingan as a Protected Area.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection box="[189,1074,1168,1195]" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph box="[189,1074,1168,1195]" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,328,1169,1195]" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">Etymology:</emphasis>
|
||
—Named for the coral-like appearance of its above-ground tubers.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="294" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="294">
|
||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1224544529" collectionCode="CAHUP" country="Philippines" location="Luzon, San Luis Municipality, Mt. Mingan" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" specimenCode="Barcelona 3889" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Aurora" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,715,1205,1231]" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">
|
||
Additional specimens examined (
|
||
<typeStatus box="[577,702,1205,1231]" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
):
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
—
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[744,912,1205,1231]" name="Philippines" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" value="Philippines">PHILIPPINES</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[920,996,1205,1231]" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">Luzon</collectingRegion>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[1003,1190,1204,1231]" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">Aurora Province</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F71D87D7FFC11D3AFF3AF88E6127AB49:7A6B601AFFC21D3DFB1DFB2C6532AED5" country="Philippines" name="San Luis Municipality, Mt. Mingan" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" stateProvince="Luzon">San Luis Municipality, Mt. Mingan</location>
|
||
, beside trail, en route to summit:
|
||
<specimenCode box="[645,824,1240,1267]" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">
|
||
<emphasis box="[645,824,1240,1267]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">Barcelona 3889</emphasis>
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
(staminate plant,
|
||
<collectionCode box="[1024,1120,1240,1267]" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">CAHUP</collectionCode>
|
||
),
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1224544527" box="[1142,1451,1240,1267]" collectionCode="CHR" country="Philippines" location="Luzon, San Luis Municipality, Mt. Mingan" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" specimenCode="Barcelona 3890" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Aurora" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1142,1198,1241,1267]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">3890</emphasis>
|
||
(pistillate plant, CHR,
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1224544530" box="[136,163,1277,1303]" collectionCode="K" country="Philippines" location="Luzon, San Luis Municipality, Mt. Mingan" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" specimenCode="Barcelona 3890" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Aurora" typeStatus="paratype">K,</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1224544520" box="[170,233,1277,1303]" collectionCode="PNH" country="Philippines" location="Luzon, San Luis Municipality, Mt. Mingan" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" specimenCode="Barcelona 3890" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Aurora" typeStatus="paratype">PNH,</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1224544531" box="[240,313,1276,1303]" collectionCode="PUH" country="Philippines" location="Luzon, San Luis Municipality, Mt. Mingan" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" specimenCode="Barcelona 3890" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Aurora" typeStatus="paratype">PUH),</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1224544522" box="[320,618,1276,1303]" collectionCode="US" country="Philippines" location="Luzon, San Luis Municipality, Mt. Mingan" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" specimenCode="Barcelona 3891" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Aurora" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<emphasis box="[320,376,1277,1303]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">3891</emphasis>
|
||
(pistillate plant, US),
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1224544524" box="[624,1068,1276,1303]" collectionCode="CAHUP" country="Philippines" location="Luzon, San Luis Municipality, Mt. Mingan" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" specimenCode="Barcelona 3892" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Aurora" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<emphasis box="[624,680,1277,1303]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">3892</emphasis>
|
||
(CAHUP)
|
||
<emphasis box="[808,1068,1276,1303]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">with Pelser & Tandang</emphasis>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="295" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="294">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,462,1313,1339]" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">Diagnostic characters:</emphasis>
|
||
—
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[490,795,1312,1339]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Balanophoraceae" genus="Balanophora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Santalales" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="coralliformis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[490,795,1312,1339]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">Balanophora coralliformis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is easily recognized by its repeatedly branching aboveground tuber segments and their coarse texture reminiscent of a branching stony coral colony. Compared with other
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[136,284,1384,1411]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Balanophoraceae" genus="Balanophora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Santalales" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[136,284,1384,1411]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">Balanophora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species, most of the tuber mass of
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[677,855,1384,1411]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Balanophoraceae" genus="Balanophora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Santalales" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="coralliformis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[677,855,1384,1411]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">B. coralliformis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is above ground and none of the other species shows a similarly high degree of branching into elongated cylindrical segments.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="294">
|
||
Although quite different from
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[526,654,1457,1483]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Balanophoraceae" genus="Balanophora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Santalales" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="papuana">
|
||
<emphasis box="[526,654,1457,1483]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">B. papuana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in some characters [e.g. branching of tubers and color of inflorescences (yellow to straw-colored vs. light yellow, orange, or red);
|
||
<figureCitation box="[797,875,1492,1519]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[136,229,1940,1962]" captionTargetBox="[208,1378,190,1913]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[208,1379,190,1914]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Balanophora coralliformis. A. Habit of pistillate plant. B. Branching above-ground tubers and young inflorescences of pistillate plant. C. Young inflorescences of pistillate plant. D. Branching above ground tubers and staminate inflorescence. E. Habit of alcohol preserved staminate specimen with young inflorescences showing above-ground tuber mass. F. Young staminate inflorescence. A – C. Barcelona 3890 with Pelser & Tandang. D & F. Barcelona 3895 with Pelser & Tandang. E. Barcelona 3889 with Pelser & Tandang." pageId="3" pageNumber="294">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
&
|
||
<figureCitation box="[914,930,1493,1519]" captionStart="FIGURE 2. A – D" captionStartId="2.[136,229,1874,1895]" captionTargetBox="[230,1356,190,1847]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[230,1357,190,1847]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. A – D. Balanophora coralliformis. A. Staminate inflorescence. B. Staminate flowers. C. Leaf arrangement of staminate plant. D. Longitudinal section of young pistillate inflorescence. E – H. Balanophora papuana. E. Pistillate plant removed from soil. F. Staminate flowers. G. Habit of staminate plant. H. Young staminate inflorescence showing leaf arrangement. A – C. Barcelona 3895 with Pelser & Tandang. D. Barcelona 3890 with Pelser & Tandang. E. Barcelona 3865 with Pelser & Tandang (PNH; Mt. Mingan, Aurora / Nueva Ecija prov.). F. Barcelona 3916 with Pelser (PNH; Brgy. Aningalan, San Remigio Mun., Antique prov.). G. Barcelona 3866 with Pelser & Tandang (PNH; Mt. Mingan, Aurora / Nueva Ecija prov.). H. Not collected." pageId="3" pageNumber="294">2</figureCitation>
|
||
],
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[953,1131,1492,1519]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Balanophoraceae" genus="Balanophora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Santalales" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="coralliformis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[953,1131,1492,1519]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">B. coralliformis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
most closely resembles this species, particularly in its reproductive morphology (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[727,804,1528,1555]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[136,229,1940,1962]" captionTargetBox="[208,1378,190,1913]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[208,1379,190,1914]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Balanophora coralliformis. A. Habit of pistillate plant. B. Branching above-ground tubers and young inflorescences of pistillate plant. C. Young inflorescences of pistillate plant. D. Branching above ground tubers and staminate inflorescence. E. Habit of alcohol preserved staminate specimen with young inflorescences showing above-ground tuber mass. F. Young staminate inflorescence. A – C. Barcelona 3890 with Pelser & Tandang. D & F. Barcelona 3895 with Pelser & Tandang. E. Barcelona 3889 with Pelser & Tandang." pageId="3" pageNumber="294">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
&
|
||
<figureCitation box="[839,854,1528,1555]" captionStart="FIGURE 2. A – D" captionStartId="2.[136,229,1874,1895]" captionTargetBox="[230,1356,190,1847]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[230,1357,190,1847]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. A – D. Balanophora coralliformis. A. Staminate inflorescence. B. Staminate flowers. C. Leaf arrangement of staminate plant. D. Longitudinal section of young pistillate inflorescence. E – H. Balanophora papuana. E. Pistillate plant removed from soil. F. Staminate flowers. G. Habit of staminate plant. H. Young staminate inflorescence showing leaf arrangement. A – C. Barcelona 3895 with Pelser & Tandang. D. Barcelona 3890 with Pelser & Tandang. E. Barcelona 3865 with Pelser & Tandang (PNH; Mt. Mingan, Aurora / Nueva Ecija prov.). F. Barcelona 3916 with Pelser (PNH; Brgy. Aningalan, San Remigio Mun., Antique prov.). G. Barcelona 3866 with Pelser & Tandang (PNH; Mt. Mingan, Aurora / Nueva Ecija prov.). H. Not collected." pageId="3" pageNumber="294">2</figureCitation>
|
||
), and keys to it in Hansen’s (1972) identification key.
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[136,438,1564,1591]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Balanophoraceae" genus="Balanophora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Santalales" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="coralliformis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[136,438,1564,1591]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">Balanophora coralliformis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[496,626,1565,1591]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Balanophoraceae" genus="Balanophora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Santalales" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="papuana">
|
||
<emphasis box="[496,626,1565,1591]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">B. papuana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are both dioecious, have patent leaves in two closely set decussate pairs (although some
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[317,446,1601,1627]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Balanophoraceae" genus="Balanophora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Santalales" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="papuana">
|
||
<emphasis box="[317,446,1601,1627]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">B. papuana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimens have three or occasionally up to five pairs of leaves and some
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1274,1451,1600,1627]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Balanophoraceae" genus="Balanophora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Santalales" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="coralliformis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1274,1451,1600,1627]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">B. coralliformis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have an additional single leaf) that are of similar size on the same tuber. In addition, the staminate flowers of both species are placed in conspicuous vertical rows, shortly pedicellate, and composed of two median tepals that are wider than the two lateral, acute tepals. Furthermore,
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[738,915,1708,1735]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Balanophoraceae" genus="Balanophora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Santalales" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="coralliformis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[738,915,1708,1735]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">B. coralliformis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[970,1099,1709,1735]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Balanophoraceae" genus="Balanophora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Santalales" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="papuana">
|
||
<emphasis box="[970,1099,1709,1735]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">B. papuana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
both have a laterally elongated synandrium with long anther cells that reach from the base to the apex of the fertile part of the synandrium (Hansen 1976). Despite the close resemblance between these two species in reproductive morphology, they maintain their distinct vegetative differences in sympatry, as we observed on Mt. Mingan (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[986,1063,1816,1843]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[136,229,1940,1962]" captionTargetBox="[208,1378,190,1913]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[208,1379,190,1914]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Balanophora coralliformis. A. Habit of pistillate plant. B. Branching above-ground tubers and young inflorescences of pistillate plant. C. Young inflorescences of pistillate plant. D. Branching above ground tubers and staminate inflorescence. E. Habit of alcohol preserved staminate specimen with young inflorescences showing above-ground tuber mass. F. Young staminate inflorescence. A – C. Barcelona 3890 with Pelser & Tandang. D & F. Barcelona 3895 with Pelser & Tandang. E. Barcelona 3889 with Pelser & Tandang." pageId="3" pageNumber="294">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
&
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1099,1115,1816,1843]" captionStart="FIGURE 2. A – D" captionStartId="2.[136,229,1874,1895]" captionTargetBox="[230,1356,190,1847]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[230,1357,190,1847]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. A – D. Balanophora coralliformis. A. Staminate inflorescence. B. Staminate flowers. C. Leaf arrangement of staminate plant. D. Longitudinal section of young pistillate inflorescence. E – H. Balanophora papuana. E. Pistillate plant removed from soil. F. Staminate flowers. G. Habit of staminate plant. H. Young staminate inflorescence showing leaf arrangement. A – C. Barcelona 3895 with Pelser & Tandang. D. Barcelona 3890 with Pelser & Tandang. E. Barcelona 3865 with Pelser & Tandang (PNH; Mt. Mingan, Aurora / Nueva Ecija prov.). F. Barcelona 3916 with Pelser (PNH; Brgy. Aningalan, San Remigio Mun., Antique prov.). G. Barcelona 3866 with Pelser & Tandang (PNH; Mt. Mingan, Aurora / Nueva Ecija prov.). H. Not collected." pageId="3" pageNumber="294">2</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="294">
|
||
The tubers of
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[342,518,1852,1879]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Balanophoraceae" genus="Balanophora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Santalales" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="coralliformis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[342,518,1852,1879]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">B. coralliformis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
resemble, to some degree, those of
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Blume (1827: 87)" authorityName="Blume" authorityPageNumber="87" authorityYear="1827" box="[911,1391,1852,1879]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Balanophoraceae" genus="Balanophora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Santalales" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="variety" species="elongata" variety="elongata">
|
||
<emphasis box="[911,1038,1852,1879]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">B. elongata</emphasis>
|
||
Blume (1827: 87) var.
|
||
<emphasis box="[1293,1391,1852,1879]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">elongata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Java and Sumatra (Hansen 1972) and Peninsular Malaysia [Hambali 1980, as
|
||
<emphasis box="[998,1123,1888,1915]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">B. hansenii</emphasis>
|
||
Hambali (1980: 425)]. These are also elongated and cylindrical. However, the tubers of
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[783,1063,1924,1951]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Balanophoraceae" genus="Balanophora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Santalales" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="variety" species="elongata" variety="elongata">
|
||
<emphasis box="[783,912,1924,1951]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">B. elongata</emphasis>
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis box="[965,1063,1924,1951]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">elongata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are much less frequently branched above ground. In addition, this taxon differs markedly from
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[812,990,1960,1987]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Balanophoraceae" genus="Balanophora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Santalales" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="coralliformis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[812,990,1960,1987]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">B. coralliformis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in other characters, such as the spiral (as opposed to decussate) leaf arrangement and flowering inflorescences that are partially or entirely covered by the upper leaves (Hansen 1972) instead of being fully exposed (at least in staminate plants;
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1050,1126,2032,2059]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[136,229,1940,1962]" captionTargetBox="[208,1378,190,1913]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[208,1379,190,1914]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Balanophora coralliformis. A. Habit of pistillate plant. B. Branching above-ground tubers and young inflorescences of pistillate plant. C. Young inflorescences of pistillate plant. D. Branching above ground tubers and staminate inflorescence. E. Habit of alcohol preserved staminate specimen with young inflorescences showing above-ground tuber mass. F. Young staminate inflorescence. A – C. Barcelona 3890 with Pelser & Tandang. D & F. Barcelona 3895 with Pelser & Tandang. E. Barcelona 3889 with Pelser & Tandang." pageId="3" pageNumber="294">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
&
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1162,1178,2032,2059]" captionStart="FIGURE 2. A – D" captionStartId="2.[136,229,1874,1895]" captionTargetBox="[230,1356,190,1847]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[230,1357,190,1847]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. A – D. Balanophora coralliformis. A. Staminate inflorescence. B. Staminate flowers. C. Leaf arrangement of staminate plant. D. Longitudinal section of young pistillate inflorescence. E – H. Balanophora papuana. E. Pistillate plant removed from soil. F. Staminate flowers. G. Habit of staminate plant. H. Young staminate inflorescence showing leaf arrangement. A – C. Barcelona 3895 with Pelser & Tandang. D. Barcelona 3890 with Pelser & Tandang. E. Barcelona 3865 with Pelser & Tandang (PNH; Mt. Mingan, Aurora / Nueva Ecija prov.). F. Barcelona 3916 with Pelser (PNH; Brgy. Aningalan, San Remigio Mun., Antique prov.). G. Barcelona 3866 with Pelser & Tandang (PNH; Mt. Mingan, Aurora / Nueva Ecija prov.). H. Not collected." pageId="3" pageNumber="294">2</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="295">
|
||
Also the poorly known
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Arnott 1838: 37" authorityName="Arnott" authorityPageNumber="37" authorityYear="1838" box="[446,1284,160,187]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Balanophoraceae" genus="Balanophora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Santalales" pageId="4" pageNumber="295" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="fungosa" subSpecies="indica">
|
||
<emphasis box="[446,564,160,187]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="295">B. fungosa</emphasis>
|
||
J.R. Forster & G. Forster (1775: 99) ssp.
|
||
<emphasis box="[1015,1085,160,187]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="295">indica</emphasis>
|
||
(Arnott 1838: 37)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Hansen (1972: 100)
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[196,313,197,223]" pageId="4" pageNumber="295" rank="variety" variety="minor">
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis box="[246,313,197,223]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="295">minor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Eichler in De Candolle 1873: 145) Hansen (1972: 106) from south India, Sri Lanka, and Thailand (Hansen 1972, Nickrent 1997 onwards, Su
|
||
<emphasis box="[629,687,232,259]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="295">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2012) is described as having elongated, cylindrical tuber segments (Hansen 1972, Su
|
||
<emphasis box="[342,399,268,295]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="295">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2012), but photos on the Parasitic Plant Connection website (Nickrent 1997 onwards) suggest that these are subterranean. Furthermore, amongst others, the leaves of this variety are more numerous (15–35 vs. 4 or 5) and spirally arranged (vs. opposite), and the staminate flowers are actinomorphic (vs. bisymmetric).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |