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<document id="F0550D2528ABEFC2CBB6D32760F18B3F" ID-DOI="10.1080/14772019.2016.1245680" ID-ISSN="1478-0941" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10883052" ID-ZooBank="3EBCAEF3-27C2-4216-9F18-89F195FA534F" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1711483395715" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Foster, William J., Danise, Silvia &amp; Twitchett, Richard J." docDate="2017" docId="C53B0B4D8058E8216C23F8BE8C23227F" docLanguage="en" docName="JSystPalaeontol.15.10.851-877.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 15 (10)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14772019.2016.1245680" docStyle="DocumentStyle:602474738E3D100F0F13788B53F61545.2:JSystPalaeontol.2016-.journal_article.open" docStyleId="602474738E3D100F0F13788B53F61545" docStyleName="JSystPalaeontol.2016-.journal_article.open" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Austrotindaria antiqua Foster &amp; Danise &amp; Twitchett 2017, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="860" masterDocId="390273358050E82B6D0FFFE98D67263C" masterDocTitle="A silicified Early Triassic marine assemblage from Svalbard" masterLastPageNumber="877" masterPageNumber="851" pageNumber="858" updateTime="1711483788606" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:titleInfo id="C23460AADCCA0DABB34909A79AB4D566">
<mods:title id="0D573F3B9D6004B9835B626E4A48842E">A silicified Early Triassic marine assemblage from Svalbard</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="83AE7D378078CADBBB7809CB94CAB80D" type="personal">
<mods:role id="CB176834C5B919F2082467216D07F4C2">
<mods:roleTerm id="96AFE50CDC2989795520DFF2A20CBCE4">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="623BAB9403EC694BC2AB8B9F69C0BB11">Foster, William J.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="77889F5EF75B750452232346402FA8AF">Jackson School of Geosciences, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712, USA; &amp; Earth Sciences, Plymouth University, Plymouth, PL 4 8 AA, UK; &amp; Department of Earth Sciences, Natural History Museum, London, SW 7 5 BD, UK;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="5880F4E9184936C1DB78CFCB9F1ADFA9">Danise, Silvia</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="A99D70532FCB4EE79B3AFFFB067F4764">Earth Sciences, Plymouth University, Plymouth, PL 4 8 AA, UK; &amp; Department of Geology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="30E44982C972F2A5236A5F637D6B78F3">Twitchett, Richard J.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="0BD892DCA13C04A67D41F036237AB7EF">Department of Earth Sciences, Natural History Museum, London, SW 7 5 BD, UK;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="E30F816C7A9C3026DE5A8DE525AC05A6">Journal of Systematic Palaeontology</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="C5C3B3EAF29542C0371434DF7A5A8E43">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="195D60FEC6C0DAD9FBFB0A530D266783">2016-11-10</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="83609C06CFAEE4971C85E8E23447D222">15</mods:number>
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<treatment id="C53B0B4D8058E8216C23F8BE8C23227F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C53B0B4D8058E8216C23F8BE8C23227F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C53B0B4D8058E8216C23F8BE8C23227F" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="860" pageId="8" pageNumber="858">
<subSubSection id="0588E9D08058E8236C23F8BE8FE62152" box="[300,641,1879,1903]" pageId="8" pageNumber="858" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="4D2DBA5B8058E8236C23F8BE8FE62152" blockId="8.[300,641,1879,1934]" box="[300,641,1879,1903]" pageId="8" pageNumber="858">
<heading id="16650D378058E8236C23F8BE8FE62152" box="[300,641,1879,1903]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="858" reason="8">
<taxonomicName id="8A92C1D88058E8236C23F8BE8F402153" authority="Foster &amp; Danise &amp; Twitchett, 2017" authorityName="Foster &amp; Danise &amp; Twitchett" authorityYear="2017" box="[300,551,1879,1903]" class="Bivalvia" family="Neilonellidae" genus="Austrotindaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nuculanida" pageId="8" pageNumber="858" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="antiqua" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="7FE666498058E8236C23F8BE8F402153" bold="true" box="[300,551,1879,1903]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="858">Austrotindaria antiqua</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="64D5DB328058E8236F21F8BE8FE62152" box="[558,641,1879,1902]" pageId="8" pageNumber="858" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0588E9D08058E8236CA1F89E8E8D24CE" pageId="8" pageNumber="858" type="description">
<paragraph id="4D2DBA5B8058E8236CA1F89E8C9921B2" blockId="8.[300,641,1879,1934]" box="[430,510,1911,1934]" pageId="8" pageNumber="858">
(
<figureCitation id="D5A9A6DE8058E8236CB8F89E8C9221B2" box="[439,501,1911,1934]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="9.[159,227,1025,1046]" captionTargetBox="[175,1452,183,993]" captionTargetId="figure-392@9.[175,1452,183,993]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 5. Austrotindaria antiqua sp. nov. A, holotype, NHMUK PI MB 1240, external view, right valve; B, paratype, NHMUK PI MB 1241, external view, right valve; C, holotype, NHMUK PI MB 1240, internal view, right valve; D, NHMUK PI MB 1191, external view, right valve; E, NHMUK PI MB 1199, external view, left valve; F, NHMUK PI MB 1196, external view, right valve; G, NHMUK PI MB 1242, hinge plate of left valve; H, NHMUK PI MB 1194, dorsal view, right valve; I, articulated specimen, NHMUK PI MB 1243; J, larval shell, NHMUK PI MB 1244, left valve. Scale bars: A–C, G = 500 µm; D–F = 1 mm; I, J = 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10883062" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10883062/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="858">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D2DBA5B8058E8236E42FF5489FD26C8" blockId="8.[845,1467,189,754]" pageId="8" pageNumber="858">
1899
<taxonomicName id="8A92C1D88058E8236E83FF5488D126E8" authority="(Wissmann)" baseAuthorityName="Wissmann" baseAuthorityYear="1841" box="[908,1462,189,212]" class="Bivalvia" family="Trigonodidae" genus="Anodontophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trigoniida" pageId="8" pageNumber="858" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="fassaensis" subGenus="Myacites">
<emphasis id="7FE666498058E8236E83FF54895426E8" box="[908,1075,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="858">Anodontophora</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="7FE666498058E8236948FF5489C026E8" box="[1095,1191,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="858">Myacites</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="7FE666498058E82369B4FF54884026E8" box="[1211,1319,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="858">fassaensis</emphasis>
(Wissmann)
</taxonomicName>
; Bittner: 22, pl. 3, figs 28–33.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D2DBA5B8058E8236E42FF1489E82708" blockId="8.[845,1467,189,754]" pageId="8" pageNumber="858">
1908
<taxonomicName id="8A92C1D88058E8236E9EFF1488D12728" authority="(Wissmann)" baseAuthorityName="Wissmann" baseAuthorityYear="1841" box="[913,1462,253,276]" class="Bivalvia" family="Neilonellidae" genus="Anoplophoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nuculanida" pageId="8" pageNumber="858" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="fassaensis" subGenus="Myacites">
<emphasis id="7FE666498058E8236E9EFF1488452728" box="[913,1314,253,276]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="858">Anoplophoria (Myacites) fassaensis</emphasis>
(Wissmann)
</taxonomicName>
; von Wittenburg: 33, fig. 15.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D2DBA5B8058E8236E42FED48E892748" blockId="8.[845,1467,189,754]" pageId="8" pageNumber="858">
1926
<taxonomicName id="8A92C1D88058E8236E85FED488552768" authority="(Wissmann)" baseAuthorityName="Wissmann" baseAuthorityYear="1841" box="[906,1330,317,340]" class="Bivalvia" family="Trigonodidae" genus="Anodontophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trigoniida" pageId="8" pageNumber="858" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="fassaensis">
<emphasis id="7FE666498058E8236E85FED489C22768" box="[906,1189,317,340]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="858">Anodontophora fassaensis</emphasis>
(Wissmann)
</taxonomicName>
; Matsushita: pl. 8, fig. 11.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D2DBA5B8058E8236E42FE948EBE2788" blockId="8.[845,1467,189,754]" pageId="8" pageNumber="858">
1963
<taxonomicName id="8A92C1D88058E8236E83FE94899D27A8" authority="(Wissmann)" baseAuthorityName="Wissmann" baseAuthorityYear="1841" box="[908,1274,381,404]" class="Bivalvia" family="Trigonodidae" genus="Unionites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trigoniida" pageId="8" pageNumber="858" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="fassaensis">
<emphasis id="7FE666498058E8236E83FE94890D27A8" box="[908,1130,381,404]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="858">Unionites fassaensis</emphasis>
(Wissmann)
</taxonomicName>
; Ciriacks: 81, pl. 16, fig. 13.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D2DBA5B8058E8236E42FE55896F27CF" blockId="8.[845,1467,189,754]" pageId="8" pageNumber="858">
1988
<taxonomicName id="8A92C1D88058E8236E82FE5588D027EF" authority="Neri &amp; Posenato" authorityName="Neri &amp; Posenato" box="[909,1463,444,467]" class="Bivalvia" family="Trigonodidae" genus="Unionites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trigoniida" pageId="8" pageNumber="858" phylum="Mollusca" rank="variety" species="fassaensis" variety="brevis">
<emphasis id="7FE666498058E8236E82FE55890B27EF" box="[909,1132,444,467]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="858">Unionites fassaensis</emphasis>
var.
<emphasis id="7FE666498058E82369A3FE55898A27EF" box="[1196,1261,444,467]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="858">brevis</emphasis>
Neri &amp; Posenato
</taxonomicName>
: 94, pl. 2, fig. 8.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D2DBA5B8058E8236E42FE1589C1240F" blockId="8.[845,1467,189,754]" pageId="8" pageNumber="858">
2009
<taxonomicName id="8A92C1D88058E8236E9AFE158873242F" authority="(Wissmann)" baseAuthorityName="Wissmann" baseAuthorityYear="1841" box="[917,1300,508,531]" class="Bivalvia" family="Trigonodidae" genus="Unionites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trigoniida" pageId="8" pageNumber="858" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="fassaensis">
<emphasis id="7FE666498058E8236E9AFE15891B242F" box="[917,1148,508,531]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="858">Unionites fassaensis</emphasis>
(Wissmann)
</taxonomicName>
; Kumagae &amp; Nakazawa: 166, fig. 145, 5–9.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D2DBA5B8058E8236E42FDD58EBF244F" blockId="8.[845,1467,189,754]" pageId="8" pageNumber="858">
2014
<taxonomicName id="8A92C1D88058E8236E83FDD58864246F" authority="(Wissmann)" baseAuthorityName="Wissmann" baseAuthorityYear="1841" box="[908,1283,572,595]" class="Bivalvia" family="Trigonodidae" genus="Unionites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trigoniida" pageId="8" pageNumber="858" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="fassaensis">
<emphasis id="7FE666498058E8236E83FDD58E93246F" box="[908,1012,572,595]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="858">Unionites</emphasis>
?
<emphasis id="7FE666498058E8236906FDD58912246F" box="[1033,1141,572,595]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="858">fassaensis</emphasis>
(Wissmann)
</taxonomicName>
; Pan
<emphasis id="7FE666498058E823684CFDD5881C246F" box="[1347,1403,572,595]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="858">et al.</emphasis>
: 151, fig. 5G, H.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D2DBA5B8058E8236E42FD958EDF248F" blockId="8.[845,1467,189,754]" pageId="8" pageNumber="858">
2015
<taxonomicName id="8A92C1D88058E8236E87FD95898924AF" authority="(Wissmann)" baseAuthorityName="Wissmann" baseAuthorityYear="1841" box="[904,1262,636,659]" class="Bivalvia" family="Trigonodidae" genus="Unionites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trigoniida" pageId="8" pageNumber="858" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="fassaensis">
<emphasis id="7FE666498058E8236E87FD95890524AF" box="[904,1122,636,659]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="858">Unionites fassaensis</emphasis>
(Wissmann)
</taxonomicName>
; Hofmann
<emphasis id="7FE666498058E823686BFD9588FE24AF" box="[1380,1433,636,659]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="858">et al.</emphasis>
: 8, fig. 4K.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D2DBA5B8058E8236E42FD528E8D24CE" blockId="8.[845,1467,189,754]" pageId="8" pageNumber="858">
2015 cf.
<taxonomicName id="8A92C1D88058E8236EBDFD52887824EE" authority="(Wissmann)" baseAuthorityName="Wissmann" baseAuthorityYear="1841" box="[946,1311,699,722]" class="Bivalvia" family="Trigonodidae" genus="Unionites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trigoniida" pageId="8" pageNumber="858" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="fassaensis">
<emphasis id="7FE666498058E8236EBDFD5289E824EE" box="[946,1167,699,722]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="858">Unionites fassaensis</emphasis>
(Wissmann)
</taxonomicName>
; Foster
<emphasis id="7FE666498058E8236875FD5288D424EE" box="[1402,1459,699,722]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="858">et al.</emphasis>
: 381, fig.
<specimenCount id="5B9471D28058E8236ECAFD328E8D24CE" box="[965,1002,731,754]" count="4" pageId="8" pageNumber="858" type="generic">4L.</specimenCount>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0588E9D08058E8236E42FCE2895C25DD" pageId="8" pageNumber="858" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="4D2DBA5B8058E8236E42FCE2895C25DD" blockId="8.[845,1467,779,993]" pageId="8" pageNumber="858">
<emphasis id="7FE666498058E8236E42FCE28EA6251E" bold="true" box="[845,961,779,802]" pageId="8" pageNumber="858">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Shell small, smooth except for concentric growth lines, subtrigonal, inequilateral, prosogyrate; taxodont hinge dentition with more than 50% fewer anterior than posterior ones, obtusely chevron-shaped teeth, hinge plate interrupted below the beak by an edentulous gap, a small rounded triangular pit below the edentulous gap; ligament opisthodetic.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0588E9D08058E8236E42FC1388332003" pageId="8" pageNumber="858" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="4D2DBA5B8058E8236E42FC138803220D" blockId="8.[845,1466,1018,1073]" pageId="8" pageNumber="858">
<materialsCitation id="FDFAB0068058E8236E42FC138803220D" collectionCode="NHMUK, PI" pageId="8" pageNumber="858" specimenCode="MB 1240" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="7FE666498058E8236E42FC138EDC222D" bold="true" box="[845,955,1018,1041]" pageId="8" pageNumber="858">
<typeStatus id="922904F98058E8236E42FC138ED0222D" box="[845,951,1018,1041]" pageId="8" pageNumber="858" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
Disarticulated right valve,
<collectionCode id="2B83229E8058E82369F4FC138838222D" box="[1275,1375,1018,1041]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="8" pageNumber="858" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
<collectionCode id="2B83229E8058E8236863FC1388E3222D" box="[1388,1412,1018,1041]" country="Russia" name="Paleontological Institute" pageId="8" pageNumber="858">PI</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="1D3412208058E823689EFC138EE2220D" collectionCode="MB" country="Portugal" name="Universidade de Lisboa, Museu Bocage" pageId="8" pageNumber="858">MB 1240</specimenCode>
, LD-04; length = 4.0 mm, height = 3.0 mm.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D2DBA5B8058E8236E42FBA3880322BD" blockId="8.[845,1466,1098,1153]" pageId="8" pageNumber="858">
<materialsCitation id="FDFAB0068058E8236E42FBA3880722BD" collectionCode="NHMUK, PI" pageId="8" pageNumber="858" specimenCode="MB 1241" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="7FE666498058E8236E42FBA38EDC225D" bold="true" box="[845,955,1098,1121]" pageId="8" pageNumber="858">
<typeStatus id="922904F98058E8236E42FBA38ED0225D" box="[845,951,1098,1121]" pageId="8" pageNumber="858" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
Disarticulated left valve,
<collectionCode id="2B83229E8058E82369FAFBA3883E225D" box="[1269,1369,1098,1121]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="8" pageNumber="858" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
<collectionCode id="2B83229E8058E8236866FBA388E6225D" box="[1385,1409,1098,1121]" country="Russia" name="Paleontological Institute" pageId="8" pageNumber="858">PI</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="1D3412208058E823689EFBA38EE322BD" collectionCode="MB" country="Portugal" name="Universidade de Lisboa, Museu Bocage" pageId="8" pageNumber="858">MB 1241</specimenCode>
, LD-04; length = 4.6 mm, height = 3.4 mm
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D2DBA5B8058E8236E42FB7389F123D3" blockId="8.[845,1467,1178,1519]" pageId="8" pageNumber="858">
<emphasis id="7FE666498058E8236E42FB738E98228D" bold="true" box="[845,1023,1178,1201]" pageId="8" pageNumber="858">Other material.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="FDFAB0068058E8236901FB738EDB232C" collectionCode="NHMUK, PI" pageId="8" pageNumber="858" specimenCode="MB 1194" specimenCount="8">
<specimenCount id="5B9471D28058E8236901FB7389D9228D" box="[1038,1214,1178,1201]" count="8" pageId="8" pageNumber="858" type="generic">Eight specimens</specimenCount>
from LD-04 (
<collectionCode id="2B83229E8058E823685BFB7388DD228D" box="[1364,1466,1178,1201]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="8" pageNumber="858" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
<collectionCode id="2B83229E8058E8236E42FB538E0222ED" box="[845,869,1210,1233]" country="Russia" name="Paleontological Institute" pageId="8" pageNumber="858">PI</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="1D3412208058E8236E60FB538EBD22ED" box="[879,986,1210,1233]" collectionCode="MB" country="Portugal" name="Universidade de Lisboa, Museu Bocage" pageId="8" pageNumber="858">MB 1194</specimenCode>
;
<collectionCode id="2B83229E8058E8236EE6FB53892A22ED" box="[1001,1101,1210,1233]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="8" pageNumber="858" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
PE PEI 5479;
<collectionCode id="2B83229E8058E82369F4FB53883822ED" box="[1275,1375,1210,1233]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="8" pageNumber="858" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
PE PEI 5486–5488;
<collectionCode id="2B83229E8058E8236ED6FB30895A22CC" box="[985,1085,1241,1264]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="8" pageNumber="858" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
PE PEI 5513;
<collectionCode id="2B83229E8058E82369FAFB30883E22CC" box="[1269,1369,1241,1264]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="8" pageNumber="858" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
PE PEI 5520) and
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="FDFAB0068058E8236EC8FB1089F523D3" collectionCode="NHMUK, PI" pageId="8" pageNumber="858" specimenCode="MB 1191, MB 1196-1197, MB 1199, MB 1242, MB 1243-1244" specimenCount="18">
<specimenCount id="5B9471D28058E8236EC8FB10893B232C" box="[967,1116,1273,1296]" count="18" pageId="8" pageNumber="858" type="generic">18 specimens</specimenCount>
from LD-05 (
<collectionCode id="2B83229E8058E82369F1FB108803232C" box="[1278,1380,1273,1296]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="8" pageNumber="858" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
<collectionCode id="2B83229E8058E8236860FB1088E0232C" box="[1391,1415,1273,1296]" country="Russia" name="Paleontological Institute" pageId="8" pageNumber="858">PI</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="1D3412208058E823689EFB108EE2230C" collectionCode="MB" country="Portugal" name="Universidade de Lisboa, Museu Bocage" pageId="8" pageNumber="858">MB 1191</specimenCode>
;
<collectionCode id="2B83229E8058E8236E97FAF08E9B230C" box="[920,1020,1305,1328]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="8" pageNumber="858" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
<collectionCode id="2B83229E8058E8236904FAF08944230C" box="[1035,1059,1305,1328]" country="Russia" name="Paleontological Institute" pageId="8" pageNumber="858">PI</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="1D3412208058E823693DFAF08982230C" box="[1074,1253,1305,1328]" collectionCode="MB" country="Portugal" name="Universidade de Lisboa, Museu Bocage" pageId="8" pageNumber="858">MB 1196–1197</specimenCode>
;
<collectionCode id="2B83229E8058E82369F7FAF0883B230C" box="[1272,1372,1305,1328]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="8" pageNumber="858" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
<collectionCode id="2B83229E8058E8236864FAF088E4230C" box="[1387,1411,1305,1328]" country="Russia" name="Paleontological Institute" pageId="8" pageNumber="858">PI</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="1D3412208058E823689EFAF08EE2236C" collectionCode="MB" country="Portugal" name="Universidade de Lisboa, Museu Bocage" pageId="8" pageNumber="858">MB 1199</specimenCode>
;
<collectionCode id="2B83229E8058E8236E99FAD08E9D236C" box="[918,1018,1337,1360]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="8" pageNumber="858" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
<collectionCode id="2B83229E8058E8236909FAD08979236C" box="[1030,1054,1337,1360]" country="Russia" name="Paleontological Institute" pageId="8" pageNumber="858">PI</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="1D3412208058E8236925FAD089F0236C" box="[1066,1175,1337,1360]" collectionCode="MB" country="Portugal" name="Universidade de Lisboa, Museu Bocage" pageId="8" pageNumber="858">MB 1242</specimenCode>
;
<collectionCode id="2B83229E8058E82369A7FAD0886B236C" box="[1192,1292,1337,1360]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="8" pageNumber="858" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
PE PEI 5475– 5476;
<collectionCode id="2B83229E8058E8236E99FAB08E9D234C" box="[918,1018,1369,1392]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="8" pageNumber="858" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
PE PEI 5483;
<collectionCode id="2B83229E8058E82369A1FAB08875234C" box="[1198,1298,1369,1392]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="8" pageNumber="858" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
PE PEI 5494;
<collectionCode id="2B83229E8058E8236E42FA908ED623AC" box="[845,945,1401,1424]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="8" pageNumber="858" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
PE PEI 5497;
<collectionCode id="2B83229E8058E8236966FA9089AA23AC" box="[1129,1229,1401,1424]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="8" pageNumber="858" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
PE PEI 5499–5501;
<collectionCode id="2B83229E8058E8236E42FA708ED6238C" box="[845,945,1433,1456]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="8" pageNumber="858" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
PE PEI 5504;
<collectionCode id="2B83229E8058E823695DFA7089D1238C" box="[1106,1206,1433,1456]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="8" pageNumber="858" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
PE PEI 5506;
<collectionCode id="2B83229E8058E8236859FA7088DD238C" box="[1366,1466,1433,1456]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="8" pageNumber="858" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
PE PEI 5515). Two prodissoconch valves from LD-04 (
<collectionCode id="2B83229E8058E8236E5BFA318EDD23D3" box="[852,954,1496,1519]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="8" pageNumber="858" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
<collectionCode id="2B83229E8058E8236ECFFA318EBF23D3" box="[960,984,1496,1519]" country="Russia" name="Paleontological Institute" pageId="8" pageNumber="858">PI</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="1D3412208058E8236ED1FA3189ED23D3" box="[990,1162,1496,1519]" collectionCode="MB" country="Portugal" name="Universidade de Lisboa, Museu Bocage" pageId="8" pageNumber="858">MB 1243–1244</specimenCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D2DBA5B8058E8236E42F9E188332003" blockId="8.[845,1467,1544,1599]" pageId="8" pageNumber="858">
<emphasis id="7FE666498058E8236E42F9E189482023" bold="true" box="[845,1071,1544,1567]" pageId="8" pageNumber="858">Derivation of name.</emphasis>
Latin,
<taxonomicName id="8A92C1D88058E823698CF9E189B32023" authorityName="Foster &amp; Danise &amp; Twitchett" authorityYear="2017" box="[1155,1236,1544,1567]" class="Bivalvia" family="Neilonellidae" genus="Austrotindaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nuculanida" pageId="8" pageNumber="858" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="antiqua">
<emphasis id="7FE666498058E823698CF9E189B32023" box="[1155,1236,1544,1567]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="858">antiqua</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(ancient) referring to this species being the oldest known of the genus.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0588E9D08058E8226E42F9B18F79207B" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="859" pageId="8" pageNumber="858" type="description">
<paragraph id="4D2DBA5B8058E8226E42F9B18F79207B" blockId="8.[845,1467,1624,1934]" lastBlockId="9.[159,782,1202,1607]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="859" pageId="8" pageNumber="858">
<emphasis id="7FE666498058E8236E42F9B18EBF2053" bold="true" box="[845,984,1624,1647]" pageId="8" pageNumber="858">Description.</emphasis>
Equivalve, inequilateral shell with a subtrigonal outline and a beak positioned approximately 30% along the length of the dorsal margin from the posterior; H/L ratio 0.6–1. Conspicuously tumid. Umbo prosogyrate, prominent, moderately broad, rounded and projects above the hinge margin. Slightly rounded and gently sloping anterodorsal margin. Posterodorsal margin almost straight to slightly rounded, gently sloping, with a slight angled junction with the posterior margin. Ventral margin deeply rounded. Escutcheon short, relatively broad, elliptical; lunule narrow. Shell smooth with fine concentric growth lines; entire inner margin smooth. Small ligament, external, opisthodetic, with a well-defined margin and well-rounded triangular pit seated beneath the edentulous gap. Hinge plate with taxodont teeth in two series, sometimes separated by a narrow, plain area, without resilifer, that is narrow below the beak, broadening towards the anterior and posterior ends. Robust teeth, moderately long and blunt, with more than 50% fewer anterior than posterior ones. Smooth ventral margin. No pallial line, sinus or muscle scars are present. As the size of the shell increases the edentulous gap becomes proportionally smaller and more central, and moves externally.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="19EDEAD38059E8226D90FBE8899E22BC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10883062" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10883062" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10883062/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="859" startId="9.[159,227,1025,1046]" targetBox="[175,1452,183,993]" targetPageId="9" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="4D2DBA5B8059E8226D90FBE8899E22BC" blockId="9.[159,1467,1025,1153]" pageId="9" pageNumber="859">
<emphasis id="7FE666498059E8226D90FBE88D9B222A" bold="true" box="[159,252,1025,1046]" pageId="9" pageNumber="859">Figure 5.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="8A92C1D88059E8226C08FBE88C84222A" authority="Foster &amp; Danise &amp; Twitchett, 2017" authorityName="Foster &amp; Danise &amp; Twitchett" authorityYear="2017" box="[263,483,1025,1046]" class="Bivalvia" family="Neilonellidae" genus="Austrotindaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nuculanida" pageId="9" pageNumber="859" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="antiqua" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="7FE666498059E8226C08FBE88C84222A" box="[263,483,1025,1046]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="859">Austrotindaria antiqua</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="64D5DB328059E8226CE5FBE88F51222A" box="[490,566,1025,1046]" pageId="9" pageNumber="859" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis id="7FE666498059E8226F34FBE88F35222A" bold="true" box="[571,594,1025,1046]" pageId="9" pageNumber="859">A,</emphasis>
holotype, NHMUK PI MB 1240, external view, right valve;
<emphasis id="7FE666498059E8226990FBE889D3222A" bold="true" box="[1183,1204,1025,1046]" pageId="9" pageNumber="859">B,</emphasis>
paratype, NHMUK PI MB 1241, external view, right valve;
<emphasis id="7FE666498059E8226CE5FBF58F66220D" bold="true" box="[490,513,1052,1073]" pageId="9" pageNumber="859">C,</emphasis>
holotype, NHMUK PI MB 1240, internal view, right valve;
<emphasis id="7FE666498059E822696EFBF5891F220D" bold="true" box="[1121,1144,1052,1073]" pageId="9" pageNumber="859">D,</emphasis>
NHMUK PI MB 1191, external view, right valve;
<emphasis id="7FE666498059E8226C41FBDF8C032277" bold="true" box="[334,356,1078,1099]" pageId="9" pageNumber="859">E,</emphasis>
NHMUK PI MB 1199, external view, left valve;
<emphasis id="7FE666498059E8226E4DFBDF8E302277" bold="true" box="[834,855,1078,1099]" pageId="9" pageNumber="859">F,</emphasis>
NHMUK PI MB 1196, external view, right valve;
<emphasis id="7FE666498059E822684DFBDF883D2277" bold="true" box="[1346,1370,1078,1099]" pageId="9" pageNumber="859">G,</emphasis>
NHMUK PI MB 1242, hinge plate of left valve;
<emphasis id="7FE666498059E8226F2BFBB88F5A225A" bold="true" box="[548,573,1105,1126]" pageId="9" pageNumber="859">H,</emphasis>
NHMUK PI MB 1194, dorsal view, right valve;
<emphasis id="7FE666498059E8226927FBB88950225A" bold="true" box="[1064,1079,1105,1126]" pageId="9" pageNumber="859">I,</emphasis>
articulated specimen, NHMUK PI MB 1243;
<emphasis id="7FE666498059E8226DD3FB828D8922BC" bold="true" box="[220,238,1131,1152]" pageId="9" pageNumber="859">J,</emphasis>
larval shell, NHMUK PI MB 1244, left valve. Scale bars: A–C, G = 500
<emphasis id="7FE666498059E8226EA0FB828ED822BD" box="[943,959,1131,1153]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="859">µ</emphasis>
m; D–F = 1 mm; I, J = 100
<emphasis id="7FE666498059E82269C0FB8289B822BD" box="[1231,1247,1131,1153]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="859">µ</emphasis>
m.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="0588E9D08059E8216D90F9918C23227F" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="860" pageId="9" pageNumber="859" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="4D2DBA5B8059E8226D90F9918952207B" blockId="9.[159,782,1656,1934]" lastBlockId="9.[845,1467,1202,1926]" pageId="9" pageNumber="859">
<emphasis id="7FE666498059E8226D90F9918C6920B3" bold="true" box="[159,270,1656,1679]" pageId="9" pageNumber="859">Remarks.</emphasis>
The external morphology of these specimens is identical to most Early Triassic specimens previously described as ‘
<emphasis id="7FE666498059E8226C35F9518F4620F3" box="[314,545,1720,1743]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="859">
Unionites’
<taxonomicName id="8A92C1D88059E8226CBAF9518F4620F3" baseAuthorityName="Wissmann" baseAuthorityYear="1841" box="[437,545,1720,1743]" class="Bivalvia" family="Trigonodidae" genus="Unionites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trigoniida" pageId="9" pageNumber="859" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="fassaensis">fassaensis</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
, which is one of the most widespread bivalve species from the Lower Triassic and is also a problematic dustbin taxon that includes a range of different morphologies. These specimens differ from the original description and figures of ‘
<emphasis id="7FE666498059E8226F79F8DE8FB82172" box="[630,735,1847,1870]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="859">Myacites’</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="8A92C1D88059E8226FEAF8DE8CC02152" authority="Wissmann, 1841" authorityName="Wissmann" authorityYear="1841" class="Bivalvia" family="Trigonodidae" genus="Unionites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trigoniida" pageId="9" pageNumber="859" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="fassaensis">
<emphasis id="7FE666498059E8226FEAF8DE8D8B2152" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="859">fassaensis</emphasis>
Wissmann,
<quantity id="8A6A17BE8059E8226C7DF8BE8CA42152" box="[370,451,1879,1902]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.67614" pageId="9" pageNumber="859" unit="in" value="1841.0">1841 in</quantity>
</taxonomicName>
having a less elongated posterior margin and a more prosogyrate beak. Due to poor preservation, however, little is known about the internal morphology of Early Triassic specimens assigned to
<taxonomicName id="8A92C1D88059E82268AEFB3B8EDE2335" authorityName="Wissmann" authorityYear="1841" class="Bivalvia" family="Trigonodidae" genus="Unionites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trigoniida" pageId="9" pageNumber="859" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="fassaensis">
<emphasis id="7FE666498059E82268AEFB3B8EDE2335" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="859">U. fassaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which has created some uncertainty (
<bibRefCitation id="2903C7AA8059E8226873FB1B896D2315" author="Hautmann, M. &amp; Smith, A. B. &amp; McGowan, A. J. &amp; Bucher, H." pageId="9" pageNumber="859" pagination="263 - 293" refId="ref18130" refString="Hautmann, M., Smith, A. B., McGowan, A. J. &amp; Bucher, H. 2013. Bivalves from the Olenekian (Early Triassic) of southwestern Utah: systematics and evolutionary significance. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology, 11, 263 - 293." type="journal article" year="2013">
Hautmann
<emphasis id="7FE666498059E8226E9DFAFB8EAB2315" box="[914,972,1298,1321]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="859">et al.</emphasis>
2013
</bibRefCitation>
). Internally, these new specimens lack the following characters that
<bibRefCitation id="2903C7AA8059E8226998FAD888162374" author="Geyer, G. &amp; Hautmann, M. &amp; Hagdorn, H. &amp; Ockert, W. &amp; Streng, M." box="[1175,1393,1329,1352]" pageId="9" pageNumber="859" pagination="429 - 460" refId="ref17583" refString="Geyer, G., Hautmann, M., Hagdorn, H., Ockert, W. &amp; Streng, M. 2005. Well-preserved mollusks from the Lower Keuper (Ladinian) of Hohenlohe (Southwest Germany). Pala ¨ ontogische Zeitschrift, 79, 429 - 460." type="journal article" year="2005">
Geyer
<emphasis id="7FE666498059E82269EBFAD888782374" box="[1252,1311,1329,1352]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="859">et al.</emphasis>
(2005)
</bibRefCitation>
determined were diagnostic of
<taxonomicName id="8A92C1D88059E8226960FAB889B02354" authorityName="Wissmann" authorityYear="1841" box="[1135,1239,1361,1384]" class="Bivalvia" family="Trigonodidae" genus="Unionites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trigoniida" pageId="9" pageNumber="859" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7FE666498059E8226960FAB889B02354" box="[1135,1239,1361,1384]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="859">Unionites</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: a nymph extending nearly half of the posterior margin; an impressed adductor muscle scar; an overlap of the anterior hinge; and a deeply impressed lunule and posterior keel. Thus, these specimens cannot be assigned to
<taxonomicName id="8A92C1D88059E8226981FA38899123D4" authorityName="Wissmann" authorityYear="1841" box="[1166,1270,1489,1512]" class="Bivalvia" family="Trigonodidae" genus="Unionites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trigoniida" pageId="9" pageNumber="859" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7FE666498059E8226981FA38899123D4" box="[1166,1270,1489,1512]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="859">Unionites</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The presence of taxodont hinge dentition, an opisthodetic ligament and lack of ornamentation are, however, characteristic of the genus
<taxonomicName id="8A92C1D88059E8226E9EF9D98949207B" authorityName="Fleming" authorityYear="1948" box="[913,1070,1584,1607]" class="Bivalvia" family="Neilonellidae" genus="Austrotindaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nuculanida" pageId="9" pageNumber="859" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7FE666498059E8226E9EF9D98949207B" box="[913,1070,1584,1607]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="859">Austrotindaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D2DBA5B8059E8216E68F9B98CA125CD" blockId="9.[845,1467,1202,1926]" lastBlockId="10.[159,781,955,1009]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="860" pageId="9" pageNumber="859">
The more prosogyrate beak means that these specimens have a similar external morphology to Middle Triassic
<taxonomicName id="8A92C1D88059E8226E42F9798ED2209B" authorityName="Wissmann" authorityYear="1841" box="[845,949,1680,1703]" class="Bivalvia" family="Trigonodidae" genus="Unionites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trigoniida" pageId="9" pageNumber="859" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7FE666498059E8226E42F9798ED2209B" box="[845,949,1680,1703]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="859">Unionites</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
specimens (e.g.
<bibRefCitation id="2903C7AA8059E822697AF979885B209B" author="Geyer, G. &amp; Hautmann, M. &amp; Hagdorn, H. &amp; Ockert, W. &amp; Streng, M." box="[1141,1340,1680,1703]" pageId="9" pageNumber="859" pagination="429 - 460" refId="ref17583" refString="Geyer, G., Hautmann, M., Hagdorn, H., Ockert, W. &amp; Streng, M. 2005. Well-preserved mollusks from the Lower Keuper (Ladinian) of Hohenlohe (Southwest Germany). Pala ¨ ontogische Zeitschrift, 79, 429 - 460." type="journal article" year="2005">
Geyer
<emphasis id="7FE666498059E82269CDF979899B209B" box="[1218,1276,1680,1703]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="859">et al.</emphasis>
2005
</bibRefCitation>
), but apart from possessing a faint posterior keel they lack the diagnostic criteria of
<taxonomicName id="8A92C1D88059E822691CF939891C20DB" authorityName="Wissmann" authorityYear="1841" box="[1043,1147,1744,1767]" class="Bivalvia" family="Trigonodidae" genus="Unionites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trigoniida" pageId="9" pageNumber="859" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7FE666498059E822691CF939891C20DB" box="[1043,1147,1744,1767]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="859">Unionites</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Furthermore, the
<taxonomicName id="8A92C1D88059E822685CF93988DC20DB" authorityName="Wissmann" authorityYear="1841" box="[1363,1467,1744,1767]" class="Bivalvia" family="Trigonodidae" genus="Unionites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trigoniida" pageId="9" pageNumber="859" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7FE666498059E822685CF93988DC20DB" box="[1363,1467,1744,1767]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="859">Unionites</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
specimens described by
<bibRefCitation id="2903C7AA8059E822695BF9198845213B" author="Geyer, G. &amp; Hautmann, M. &amp; Hagdorn, H. &amp; Ockert, W. &amp; Streng, M." box="[1108,1314,1776,1799]" pageId="9" pageNumber="859" pagination="429 - 460" refId="ref17583" refString="Geyer, G., Hautmann, M., Hagdorn, H., Ockert, W. &amp; Streng, M. 2005. Well-preserved mollusks from the Lower Keuper (Ladinian) of Hohenlohe (Southwest Germany). Pala ¨ ontogische Zeitschrift, 79, 429 - 460." type="journal article" year="2005">
Geyer
<emphasis id="7FE666498059E8226992F91989B3213B" box="[1181,1236,1776,1799]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="859">et al.</emphasis>
(2005)
</bibRefCitation>
and from this study (see below) all have a strong posterior keel. Thus, these specimens are not assigned to
<taxonomicName id="8A92C1D88059E82269F1F8D98801217B" authorityName="Wissmann" authorityYear="1841" box="[1278,1382,1840,1863]" class="Bivalvia" family="Trigonodidae" genus="Unionites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trigoniida" pageId="9" pageNumber="859" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7FE666498059E82269F1F8D98801217B" box="[1278,1382,1840,1863]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="859">Unionites</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. These specimens, and all previous specimens assigned to
<taxonomicName id="8A92C1D88059E8226860F8A68E8121BA" authorityName="Wissmann" authorityYear="1841" class="Bivalvia" family="Trigonodidae" genus="Unionites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trigoniida" pageId="9" pageNumber="859" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="fassaensis">
<emphasis id="7FE666498059E8226860F8A68E8121BA" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="859">Unionites fassaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
that possess a prosogyrate beak and lack a well-defined posterior keel, are therefore assigned to
<taxonomicName id="8A92C1D8805AE8216FD3FC528C0B25CD" authority="Foster &amp; Danise &amp; Twitchett, 2017" authorityName="Foster &amp; Danise &amp; Twitchett" authorityYear="2017" class="Bivalvia" family="Neilonellidae" genus="Austrotindaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nuculanida" pageId="10" pageNumber="860" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="antiqua" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="7FE66649805AE8216FD3FC528C0B25CD" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="860">Austrotindaria antiqua</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="64D5DB32805AE8216C7CFC338CA125CD" box="[371,454,986,1009]" pageId="10" pageNumber="860" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
<caption id="19EDEAD3805AE8216D90FCE28C5E25B6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10883066" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10883066" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10883066/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="860" startId="10.[159,227,779,800]" targetBox="[175,1452,183,747]" targetPageId="10" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="4D2DBA5B805AE8216D90FCE28C5E25B6" blockId="10.[159,1467,779,907]" pageId="10" pageNumber="860">
<emphasis id="7FE66649805AE8216D90FCE28D9B251C" bold="true" box="[159,252,779,800]" pageId="10" pageNumber="860">Figure 6.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="8A92C1D8805AE8216C08FCE28F7A251C" authority="Foster &amp; Danise &amp; Twitchett, 2017" authorityName="Foster &amp; Danise &amp; Twitchett" authorityYear="2017" box="[263,541,779,800]" class="Bivalvia" family="Neilonellidae" genus="Austrotindaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nuculanida" pageId="10" pageNumber="860" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="svalbardensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="7FE66649805AE8216C08FCE28F7A251C" box="[263,541,779,800]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="860">Austrotindaria svalbardensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="64D5DB32805AE8216F2BFCE28F17251C" box="[548,624,779,800]" pageId="10" pageNumber="860" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis id="7FE66649805AE8216F7AFCE28FEB251C" bold="true" box="[629,652,779,800]" pageId="10" pageNumber="860">A,</emphasis>
paratype, NHMUK PI MB 1231, external view, left valve;
<emphasis id="7FE66649805AE82169C6FCE289B8251C" bold="true" box="[1225,1247,779,800]" pageId="10" pageNumber="860">B,</emphasis>
holotype, NHMUK PI MB 1223, external view, right valve;
<emphasis id="7FE66649805AE8216F08FCCC8F792506" bold="true" box="[519,542,805,826]" pageId="10" pageNumber="860">C,</emphasis>
NHMUK PI MB 1190, left valve, external view;
<emphasis id="7FE66649805AE8216EF6FCCC89772506" bold="true" box="[1017,1040,805,826]" pageId="10" pageNumber="860">D,</emphasis>
larval shell, NHMUK PI MB 1234, external view, right valve;
<emphasis id="7FE66649805AE8216C41FCA98C032569" bold="true" box="[334,356,832,853]" pageId="10" pageNumber="860">E,</emphasis>
NHMUK PI MB 1225, internal view, left valve;
<emphasis id="7FE66649805AE8216E31FCA98E352569" bold="true" box="[830,850,832,853]" pageId="10" pageNumber="860">F,</emphasis>
NHMUK PI MB 1227, internal view, left valve;
<emphasis id="7FE66649805AE8216823FCA988232569" bold="true" box="[1324,1348,832,853]" pageId="10" pageNumber="860">G,</emphasis>
larval shell, NHMUK PI MB 1237, internal view, right valve;
<emphasis id="7FE66649805AE8216F8CFCB28FFB254C" bold="true" box="[643,668,859,880]" pageId="10" pageNumber="860">H,</emphasis>
paratype, posterior and anterior hinge plate junction, NHMUK PI MB 1231. Scale bars = 500
<emphasis id="7FE66649805AE8216C00FC9C8C7825B7" box="[271,287,885,907]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="860">µ</emphasis>
m.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="4D2DBA5B805AE8216D90FBE48C23227F" blockId="10.[159,781,1037,1091]" pageId="10" pageNumber="860">
<emphasis id="7FE66649805AE8216D90FBE48C572218" bold="true" box="[159,304,1037,1060]" pageId="10" pageNumber="860">Mode of life.</emphasis>
Shallow infaunal, fully motile, slow, miner (Stanley 1968).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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