264 lines
40 KiB
XML
264 lines
40 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="BA40D909B513A5DFFD4D1369CDE5BEB2">On the identity of species of the huntsman spider genus Thelcticopis Karsch, 1884 (Araneae: Sparassidae: Sparianthinae) from India, Myanmar, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka</mods:title>
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<mods:roleTerm id="B510699A9CD64CC4126385DF573B378F">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="B6553C03F6B7687016DAB8ED9077DE42">Sankaran, Pradeep M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="0DDF31EAE3A0D7B673943335587D6A7A">Division of Arachnology, Department of Zoology, Sacred Heart College, Thevara, Cochin, Kerala 682 013, India.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="55596622857CA3A90A505C836DB32361">Sherwood, Danniella</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="46333A81ACE3A231A826495462971BE2">Arachnology Research Association, 124 City Road, London, ECIV 2 NX, United Kingdom. & Fundación Ariguanabo, 4111, Calle 58, e / ave. 41 y ave. 43, San Antonio de los Baños, Provincia Artemisa c. p. 18100, Cuba.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="E8AED2C9EC40B61D4C7C1AB340A689A4">Jäger, Peter</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="D0A0037798F4E2DE3F621FD713FEB6DF">Arachnology, Senckenberg Research Institut, Mertonstrasse 17 - 21, 60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="43B1D9575AC9C7CFE4B5D019593E4FAE">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="9806CD009C1C6BE16919C1745A5ADD57">2024</mods:date>
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<treatment id="7D6E8786FFC7FFB2FF02FCA0D54EBDE4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11611792" ID-GBIF-Taxon="232737630" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11611792" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7D6E8786FFC7FFB2FF02FCA0D54EBDE4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/7D6E8786FFC7FFB2FF02FCA0D54EBDE4" lastPageNumber="312" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">
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<heading id="AE3081FCFFC7FFB2FF02FCA0D449B95F" bold="true" box="[151,578,860,887]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="32C74D13FFC7FFB2FF02FCA0D449B95F" ID-CoL="567KW" authority="Pocock, 1901" authorityName="Pocock" authorityYear="1901" box="[151,578,860,887]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Thelcticopis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hercules">
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<emphasis id="C7B3EA82FFC7FFB2FF02FCA0D449B95F" bold="true" box="[151,578,860,887]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">
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<emphasis id="C7B3EA82FFC7FFB2FF02FCA0D793B95E" bold="true" box="[151,408,860,887]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">Thelcticopis hercules</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="91564B61FFC7FFB2FE0AFCA1D449B95F" author="Pocock, R. I." box="[415,578,860,887]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" pagination="478 - 498" refId="ref18596" refString="Pocock, R. I. (1901) Descriptions of some new species of spiders from British India. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society, 13, 478 - 498." type="journal article" year="1901">Pocock, 1901</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="BDDD651BFFC7FFB2FF02FC7CD729B9B2" box="[151,290,896,923]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" type="description">
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<paragraph id="F5783690FFC7FFB2FF02FC7CD729B9B2" blockId="11.[151,578,860,923]" box="[151,290,896,923]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">
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<figureCitation id="6DFC2A15FFC7FFB2FF02FC7CD6F1B9B2" box="[151,250,896,923]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 8" captionStart-1="FIGURES 9" captionStartId-0="12.[151,264,1301,1325]" captionStartId-1="13.[151,264,1078,1102]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,181,1277]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1431,187,1055]" captionTargetId-0="figure-23@12.[151,1436,181,1277]" captionTargetId-1="figure-19@13.[151,1436,181,1055]" captionTargetPageId-0="12" captionTargetPageId-1="13" captionText-0="FIGURES 8A–F. Thelcticopis hercules Pocock, 1901, holotype female. A–B Prosoma (A dorsal, B ventral); C Opisthosoma, dorsal; D Epigyne, ventral; E Vulva, dorsal; F Labels in the holotype vial. Scale bars: A–E, 1 mm. Photographs by Danniella Sherwood, © The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London." captionText-1="FIGURES 9A–D. Thelcticopis hercules Pocock, 1901, holotype female. A Epigyne, ventral; B Vulva, dorsal; C Eye arrangement, dorsal; D Right chelicera, ventral. Abbreviation: PP—posterior projection. Drawings by Peter Jäger." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11611311" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11611313" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/11611311/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/11611313/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">Figs 8–9</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="6DFC2A15FFC7FFB2FE93FC7DD729B9B2" box="[262,290,897,923]" captionStart="FIGURE 27" captionStartId="35.[151,250,1449,1473]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1425]" captionTargetId="figure-19@35.[151,1435,181,1425]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURE 27. Distribution of the genus Thelcticopis Karsch, 1884 in southern India and Sri Lanka." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11611352" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11611352/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">27</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="BDDD651BFFC7FFB2FF02FC39D469B9F4" box="[151,610,965,989]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="F5783690FFC7FFB2FF02FC39D469B9F4" blockId="11.[151,610,965,989]" box="[151,610,965,989]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="D5D711BEFFC7FFB2FF02FC39D469B9F4" box="[151,610,965,989]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">
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<treatmentCitation id="74661081FFC7FFB2FF02FC39D439B9F4" author="Pocock, R. I." box="[151,562,965,989]" page="487" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" year="1901">
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<taxonomicName id="32C74D13FFC7FFB2FF02FC39D439B9F4" ID-CoL="567KW" authority="Pocock, 1901: 487" authorityName="Pocock" authorityPageNumber="487" authorityYear="1901" box="[151,562,965,989]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Thelcticopis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hercules">
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<emphasis id="C7B3EA82FFC7FFB2FF02FC39D765B9F4" box="[151,366,965,989]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">Thelcticopis hercules</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="91564B61FFC7FFB2FEE0FC39D439B9F4" author="Pocock, R. I." box="[373,562,965,989]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" pagination="478 - 498" refId="ref18596" refString="Pocock, R. I. (1901) Descriptions of some new species of spiders from British India. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society, 13, 478 - 498." type="journal article" year="1901">Pocock, 1901: 487</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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(
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<specimenCount id="E3C1FD19FFC7FFB2FDD7FC39D458B9F4" box="[578,595,965,989]" count="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="BDDD651BFFC7FFB2FF02FBF7D2FCBE60" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="F5783690FFC7FFB2FF02FBF7D2FCBE60" blockId="11.[151,1437,1035,1997]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">
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<emphasis id="C7B3EA82FFC7FFB2FF02FBF7D74EBE0C" bold="true" box="[151,325,1035,1061]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">Type material.</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="45AF3CCDFFC7FFB2FED9FBF7D2FCBE60" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4876426307" collectionCode="NHMUK" collectorName="Freeman" country="Sri Lanka" county="Royal Botanic Gardens" elevation="495" latitude="7.266667" location="Kandy" longLatPrecision="1303" longitude="80.583336" municipality="Peradenia" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="2A7C8832FFC7FFB2FED9FBF7D7BFBE0C" box="[332,436,1035,1061]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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<specimenCount id="E3C1FD19FFC7FFB2FE2EFBF0D7DBBE0F" box="[443,464,1036,1062]" count="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
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,
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<emphasis id="C7B3EA82FFC7FFB2FE4BFBF7D4D6BE0F" bold="true" box="[478,733,1035,1062]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">
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<collectingCountry id="8DD07600FFC7FFB2FE4BFBF7D476BE0C" box="[478,637,1035,1061]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">SRI LANKA</collectingCountry>
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:
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<emphasis id="C7B3EA82FFC7FFB2FD1FFBF7D4D6BE0F" bold="true" box="[650,733,1035,1062]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">
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<location id="F018604BFFC7FFB2FD1FFBF7D4DCBE0F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7D6E8786FFC7FFB2FF02FCA0D54EBDE4:F018604BFFC7FFB2FD1FFBF7D4DCBE0F" box="[650,727,1035,1062]" country="Sri Lanka" county="Royal Botanic Gardens" latitude="7.266667" longLatPrecision="1303" longitude="80.583336" municipality="Peradenia" name="Kandy" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">Kandy</location>
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:
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</emphasis>
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</emphasis>
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<location id="F018604BFFC7FFB2FD70FBF7D532BE0C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7D6E8786FFC7FFB2FF02FCA0D54EBDE4:F018604BFFC7FFB2FD70FBF7D532BE0C" box="[741,825,1035,1061]" country="Sri Lanka" county="Royal Botanic Gardens" latitude="7.266667" longLatPrecision="1303" longitude="80.583336" municipality="Peradenia" name="Ceylon" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">Ceylon</location>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality id="151CACEAFFC7FFB2FCD1FBF7D5B9BE0C" box="[836,946,1035,1061]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">Peradenia</collectingMunicipality>
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(=Peradeniya):
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<collectingCounty id="1C194E1CFFC7FFB2FBF2FBF7D367BE0C" box="[1127,1388,1035,1061]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">Royal Botanic Gardens</collectingCounty>
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[ca.
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="90F35057FFC7FFB2FE93FBD3D76CBE63" box="[262,359,1071,1098]" degrees="80" direction="east" minutes="35" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" precision="925" value="80.583336">80°35’E</geoCoordinate>
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;
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<elevation id="7EEAD1A3FFC7FFB2FEE7FBD3D7FDBE60" box="[370,502,1071,1098]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.95" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" unit="m" value="495.0">
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<quantity id="323F9B75FFC7FFB2FEE7FBD3D7B2BE63" box="[370,441,1071,1098]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.95" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" unit="m" value="495.0">495 m</quantity>
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a.s.l.
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</elevation>
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], date unknown,
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<collectorName id="58325346FFC7FFB2FD22FBCCD512BE63" box="[695,793,1072,1098]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">Freeman</collectorName>
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leg. (
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||
<collectionCode id="93D6AE55FFC7FFB2FCCDFBD3D5CFBE60" box="[856,964,1071,1097]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
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||
1899.12.11.31; examined).
|
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="BDDD651BFFC7FFB2FF52FBAFD78EBCDC" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="F5783690FFC7FFB2FF52FBAFD389BF08" blockId="11.[151,1437,1035,1997]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">
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<emphasis id="C7B3EA82FFC7FFB2FF52FBAFD749BE44" bold="true" box="[199,322,1107,1133]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
Females of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="32C74D13FFC7FFB2FE59FBA8D443BE44" authorityName="Pocock" authorityYear="1901" box="[460,584,1107,1134]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Thelcticopis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hercules">
|
||
<emphasis id="C7B3EA82FFC7FFB2FE59FBA8D7D7BE44" box="[460,476,1108,1133]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">T</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="C7B3EA82FFC7FFB2FE7FFBAFD443BE44" box="[490,584,1107,1133]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">hercules</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
resemble those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="32C74D13FFC7FFB2FC89FBA8D248BE44" authority="(Simon, 1880)" baseAuthorityName="Simon" baseAuthorityYear="1880" box="[796,1091,1107,1133]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Thelcticopis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="papuana">
|
||
<emphasis id="C7B3EA82FFC7FFB2FC89FBA8D591BE44" box="[796,922,1108,1133]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">T. papuana</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="91564B61FFC7FFB2FC3CFBAFD230BE44" author="Simon, E." box="[937,1083,1107,1133]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" pagination="223 - 351" refId="ref18782" refString="Simon, E. (1880) Revision de la famille des Sparassidae (Arachnides). Actes de la Societe Linneenne de Bordeaux, 34 (2 / 3 / 4), 223 - 351." type="journal article" year="1880">Simon, 1880</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="91564B61FFC7FFB2FBC7FBAFD2C6BE44" author="Jarvi, T. H." box="[1106,1229,1107,1133]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" pagination="1 - 131" refId="ref17805" refString="Jarvi, T. H. (1912) Das Vaginalsystem der Sparassiden. I. Allgemeiner Teil. Annales Academiae Scientiarum Fennicae, Series A, 4, 1 - 131, pl. 1 - 11." type="journal article" year="1912">Järvi 1912</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: pl. 3, figs 1−2) in having a long median septum (i.e., 85% of the epigynal field length) with the posterior part extending posteriorly beyond the epigastric furrow and the anterior margin discontinuous. The species can be distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="32C74D13FFC7FFB2FA1DFB60D6F2BEF0" baseAuthorityName="Simon" baseAuthorityYear="1880" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Thelcticopis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="papuana">
|
||
<emphasis id="C7B3EA82FFC7FFB2FA1DFB60D6F2BEF0" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">T. papuana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by (1) posterior margin of epigynal field with a median incision (vs. without such incision in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="32C74D13FFC7FFB2FA9AFB3CD387BEF0" baseAuthorityName="Simon" baseAuthorityYear="1880" box="[1295,1420,1216,1241]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Thelcticopis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="papuana">
|
||
<emphasis id="C7B3EA82FFC7FFB2FA9AFB3CD387BEF0" box="[1295,1420,1216,1241]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">T. papuana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), (2) epigynal posterior projection tips rounded (vs. acuminate in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="32C74D13FFC7FFB2FCFCFB18D5ECBED4" baseAuthorityName="Simon" baseAuthorityYear="1880" box="[873,999,1252,1277]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Thelcticopis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="papuana">
|
||
<emphasis id="C7B3EA82FFC7FFB2FCFCFB18D5ECBED4" box="[873,999,1252,1277]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">T. papuana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), and (3) first winding of internal duct system distinctly laterad (vs. short and anteriad in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="32C74D13FFC7FFB2FD5EFAF4D543BF08" baseAuthorityName="Simon" baseAuthorityYear="1880" box="[715,840,1288,1313]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Thelcticopis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="papuana">
|
||
<emphasis id="C7B3EA82FFC7FFB2FD5EFAF4D543BF08" box="[715,840,1288,1313]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">T. papuana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6DFC2A15FFC7FFB2FCF4FAFBD5D5BF08" box="[865,990,1287,1313]" captionStart="FIGURES 8" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1301,1325]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1277]" captionTargetId="figure-23@12.[151,1436,181,1277]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 8A–F. Thelcticopis hercules Pocock, 1901, holotype female. A–B Prosoma (A dorsal, B ventral); C Opisthosoma, dorsal; D Epigyne, ventral; E Vulva, dorsal; F Labels in the holotype vial. Scale bars: A–E, 1 mm. Photographs by Danniella Sherwood, © The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11611311" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11611311/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">Figs 8D–E</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="6DFC2A15FFC7FFB2FC7CFAFBD227BF08" box="[1001,1068,1287,1313]" captionStart="FIGURES 9" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1078,1102]" captionTargetBox="[151,1431,187,1055]" captionTargetId="figure-19@13.[151,1436,181,1055]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 9A–D. Thelcticopis hercules Pocock, 1901, holotype female. A Epigyne, ventral; B Vulva, dorsal; C Eye arrangement, dorsal; D Right chelicera, ventral. Abbreviation: PP—posterior projection. Drawings by Peter Jäger." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11611313" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11611313/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">9A–B</figureCitation>
|
||
vs.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="91564B61FFC7FFB2FBCCFAFBD2D8BF08" author="Jarvi, T. H." box="[1113,1235,1287,1313]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" pagination="1 - 131" refId="ref17805" refString="Jarvi, T. H. (1912) Das Vaginalsystem der Sparassiden. I. Allgemeiner Teil. Annales Academiae Scientiarum Fennicae, Series A, 4, 1 - 131, pl. 1 - 11." type="journal article" year="1912">Järvi 1912</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: pl.3, figs 1–2).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F5783690FFC7FFB2FF52FAD7D5F4BCF8" blockId="11.[151,1437,1035,1997]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">
|
||
<emphasis id="C7B3EA82FFC7FFB2FF52FAD7D411BF6C" bold="true" box="[199,538,1323,1349]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">Supplementary description.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="C7B3EA82FFC7FFB2FDB2FAD7D470BF6C" box="[551,635,1323,1349]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">Female</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="2A7C8832FFC7FFB2FD04FAD7D4F3BF6C" box="[657,760,1323,1349]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="6DFC2A15FFC7FFB2FC9FFAD7D585BF6C" box="[778,910,1323,1349]" captionStart="FIGURES 8" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1301,1325]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1277]" captionTargetId="figure-23@12.[151,1436,181,1277]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 8A–F. Thelcticopis hercules Pocock, 1901, holotype female. A–B Prosoma (A dorsal, B ventral); C Opisthosoma, dorsal; D Epigyne, ventral; E Vulva, dorsal; F Labels in the holotype vial. Scale bars: A–E, 1 mm. Photographs by Danniella Sherwood, © The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11611311" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11611311/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">Figs 8A–C</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="6DFC2A15FFC7FFB2FC34FAD7D5E3BF6C" box="[929,1000,1323,1349]" captionStart="FIGURES 9" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1078,1102]" captionTargetBox="[151,1431,187,1055]" captionTargetId="figure-19@13.[151,1436,181,1055]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 9A–D. Thelcticopis hercules Pocock, 1901, holotype female. A Epigyne, ventral; B Vulva, dorsal; C Eye arrangement, dorsal; D Right chelicera, ventral. Abbreviation: PP—posterior projection. Drawings by Peter Jäger." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11611313" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11611313/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">9C–D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Colouration: dark red-brown [after
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="91564B61FFC7FFB2FF02FAB3D725BF40" author="Pocock, R. I." box="[151,302,1359,1385]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" pagination="478 - 498" refId="ref18596" refString="Pocock, R. I. (1901) Descriptions of some new species of spiders from British India. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society, 13, 478 - 498." type="journal article" year="1901">Pocock 1901</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: black; carapace, legs, opisthosoma clothed with bright yellow-green setae]. Thoracic striae evident. Fovea deep, longitudinal, straight. Chelicerae with three promarginal and five retromarginal teeth (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6DFC2A15FFC7FFB2FB65FA8FD340BFA4" box="[1264,1355,1395,1421]" captionStart="FIGURES 9" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1078,1102]" captionTargetBox="[151,1431,187,1055]" captionTargetId="figure-19@13.[151,1436,181,1055]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 9A–D. Thelcticopis hercules Pocock, 1901, holotype female. A Epigyne, ventral; B Vulva, dorsal; C Eye arrangement, dorsal; D Right chelicera, ventral. Abbreviation: PP—posterior projection. Drawings by Peter Jäger." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11611313" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11611313/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">Fig. 9D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Body length 23.6. Carapace 9.8 long, 8.1 wide. Opisthosoma 13.8 long, 10.62 wide. Chelicerae 2.38 long. Eye sizes and interdistances (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6DFC2A15FFC7FFB2FEEDFA47D7DEBFFC" box="[376,469,1467,1493]" captionStart="FIGURES 9" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1078,1102]" captionTargetBox="[151,1431,187,1055]" captionTargetId="figure-19@13.[151,1436,181,1055]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 9A–D. Thelcticopis hercules Pocock, 1901, holotype female. A Epigyne, ventral; B Vulva, dorsal; C Eye arrangement, dorsal; D Right chelicera, ventral. Abbreviation: PP—posterior projection. Drawings by Peter Jäger." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11611313" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11611313/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">Fig. 9C</figureCitation>
|
||
): AME 0.63, ALE 0.35, PME 0.36, PLE 0.40; AME–AME 0.60, AME–ALE 1.20, AME–PME 0.45, ALE–PLE 1.21, PME–PME 1.33, PME–PLE 2.11. Length of legs: I 48.76 (14.08, 8.23, 12.27, 10.40, 3.78), II 47.74 (14.27, 7.15, 11.70, 10.59, 4.03), III 38.15 (12.98, 7.22, 8.36, 6.45, 3.14), IV 31.73 (9.21, 4.93, 7.99, 6.48, 3.12). Leg formula: 1234.
|
||
<emphasis id="C7B3EA82FFC7FFB2FDD4F9DBD4A0BC68" box="[577,683,1575,1601]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">Genitalia</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="6DFC2A15FFC7FFB2FD2FF9DBD533BC68" box="[698,824,1575,1601]" captionStart="FIGURES 8" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1301,1325]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1277]" captionTargetId="figure-23@12.[151,1436,181,1277]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 8A–F. Thelcticopis hercules Pocock, 1901, holotype female. A–B Prosoma (A dorsal, B ventral); C Opisthosoma, dorsal; D Epigyne, ventral; E Vulva, dorsal; F Labels in the holotype vial. Scale bars: A–E, 1 mm. Photographs by Danniella Sherwood, © The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11611311" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11611311/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">Figs 8D–E</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="6DFC2A15FFC7FFB2FCD1F9DBD587BC68" box="[836,908,1575,1601]" captionStart="FIGURES 9" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1078,1102]" captionTargetBox="[151,1431,187,1055]" captionTargetId="figure-19@13.[151,1436,181,1055]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 9A–D. Thelcticopis hercules Pocock, 1901, holotype female. A Epigyne, ventral; B Vulva, dorsal; C Eye arrangement, dorsal; D Right chelicera, ventral. Abbreviation: PP—posterior projection. Drawings by Peter Jäger." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11611313" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11611313/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">9A–B</figureCitation>
|
||
): epigynal field as long as wide (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6DFC2A15FFC7FFB2FB6AF9DBD356BC68" box="[1279,1373,1575,1601]" captionStart="FIGURES 8" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1301,1325]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1277]" captionTargetId="figure-23@12.[151,1436,181,1277]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 8A–F. Thelcticopis hercules Pocock, 1901, holotype female. A–B Prosoma (A dorsal, B ventral); C Opisthosoma, dorsal; D Epigyne, ventral; E Vulva, dorsal; F Labels in the holotype vial. Scale bars: A–E, 1 mm. Photographs by Danniella Sherwood, © The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11611311" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11611311/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">Figs 8D</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="6DFC2A15FFC7FFB2FAFFF9DBD384BC68" box="[1386,1423,1575,1601]" captionStart="FIGURES 9" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1078,1102]" captionTargetBox="[151,1431,187,1055]" captionTargetId="figure-19@13.[151,1436,181,1055]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 9A–D. Thelcticopis hercules Pocock, 1901, holotype female. A Epigyne, ventral; B Vulva, dorsal; C Eye arrangement, dorsal; D Right chelicera, ventral. Abbreviation: PP—posterior projection. Drawings by Peter Jäger." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11611313" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11611313/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">9A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Lateral lobes large, i.e., extending along the entire median septum, sclerotized, more widely separated anteriorly than posteriorly (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6DFC2A15FFC7FFB2FEC0F993D7B9BCA0" box="[341,434,1647,1673]" captionStart="FIGURES 8" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1301,1325]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1277]" captionTargetId="figure-23@12.[151,1436,181,1277]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 8A–F. Thelcticopis hercules Pocock, 1901, holotype female. A–B Prosoma (A dorsal, B ventral); C Opisthosoma, dorsal; D Epigyne, ventral; E Vulva, dorsal; F Labels in the holotype vial. Scale bars: A–E, 1 mm. Photographs by Danniella Sherwood, © The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11611311" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11611311/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">Figs 8D</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="6DFC2A15FFC7FFB2FE28F993D7E8BCA0" box="[445,483,1647,1673]" captionStart="FIGURES 9" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1078,1102]" captionTargetBox="[151,1431,187,1055]" captionTargetId="figure-19@13.[151,1436,181,1055]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 9A–D. Thelcticopis hercules Pocock, 1901, holotype female. A Epigyne, ventral; B Vulva, dorsal; C Eye arrangement, dorsal; D Right chelicera, ventral. Abbreviation: PP—posterior projection. Drawings by Peter Jäger." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11611313" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11611313/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">9A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Median septum converging posteriorly, with invaginated posterior margin (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6DFC2A15FFC7FFB2FAAEF993D39CBCA0" box="[1339,1431,1647,1673]" captionStart="FIGURES 8" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1301,1325]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1277]" captionTargetId="figure-23@12.[151,1436,181,1277]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 8A–F. Thelcticopis hercules Pocock, 1901, holotype female. A–B Prosoma (A dorsal, B ventral); C Opisthosoma, dorsal; D Epigyne, ventral; E Vulva, dorsal; F Labels in the holotype vial. Scale bars: A–E, 1 mm. Photographs by Danniella Sherwood, © The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11611311" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11611311/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">Figs 8D</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="6DFC2A15FFC7FFB2FF02F96FD6B6BC84" box="[151,189,1683,1709]" captionStart="FIGURES 9" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1078,1102]" captionTargetBox="[151,1431,187,1055]" captionTargetId="figure-19@13.[151,1436,181,1055]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 9A–D. Thelcticopis hercules Pocock, 1901, holotype female. A Epigyne, ventral; B Vulva, dorsal; C Eye arrangement, dorsal; D Right chelicera, ventral. Abbreviation: PP—posterior projection. Drawings by Peter Jäger." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11611313" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11611313/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">9A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Copulatory ducts sclerotized, widely separated, with two loops on each side, one anteriorly, the second one medially (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6DFC2A15FFC7FFB2FE9DF94BD769BCF8" box="[264,354,1719,1745]" captionStart="FIGURES 8" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1301,1325]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1277]" captionTargetId="figure-23@12.[151,1436,181,1277]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 8A–F. Thelcticopis hercules Pocock, 1901, holotype female. A–B Prosoma (A dorsal, B ventral); C Opisthosoma, dorsal; D Epigyne, ventral; E Vulva, dorsal; F Labels in the holotype vial. Scale bars: A–E, 1 mm. Photographs by Danniella Sherwood, © The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11611311" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11611311/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">Figs 8E</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="6DFC2A15FFC7FFB2FEFBF94BD799BCF8" box="[366,402,1719,1745]" captionStart="FIGURES 9" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1078,1102]" captionTargetBox="[151,1431,187,1055]" captionTargetId="figure-19@13.[151,1436,181,1055]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 9A–D. Thelcticopis hercules Pocock, 1901, holotype female. A Epigyne, ventral; B Vulva, dorsal; C Eye arrangement, dorsal; D Right chelicera, ventral. Abbreviation: PP—posterior projection. Drawings by Peter Jäger." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11611313" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11611313/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">9B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Fertilisation ducts narrow, roughly anteriad (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6DFC2A15FFC7FFB2FC0CF94BD5F9BCF8" box="[921,1010,1719,1745]" captionStart="FIGURES 9" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1078,1102]" captionTargetBox="[151,1431,187,1055]" captionTargetId="figure-19@13.[151,1436,181,1055]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 9A–D. Thelcticopis hercules Pocock, 1901, holotype female. A Epigyne, ventral; B Vulva, dorsal; C Eye arrangement, dorsal; D Right chelicera, ventral. Abbreviation: PP—posterior projection. Drawings by Peter Jäger." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11611313" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11611313/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">Fig. 9B</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F5783690FFC7FFB2FF52F927D78EBCDC" blockId="11.[151,1437,1035,1997]" box="[199,389,1755,1782]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">
|
||
<emphasis id="C7B3EA82FFC7FFB2FF52F927D70ABCDC" box="[199,257,1755,1781]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">Male</emphasis>
|
||
. Unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="BDDD651BFFC7FFB2FF52F903D58DBD30" box="[199,902,1791,1817]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="F5783690FFC7FFB2FF52F903D58DBD30" blockId="11.[151,1437,1035,1997]" box="[199,902,1791,1817]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">
|
||
<emphasis id="C7B3EA82FFC7FFB2FF52F903D76ABD30" bold="true" box="[199,353,1791,1817]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="8DD07600FFC7FFB2FEF2F903D7DEBD30" box="[359,469,1791,1817]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Peradeniya) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="91564B61FFC7FFB2FDECF903D505BD30" author="Pocock, R. I." box="[633,782,1791,1817]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" pagination="478 - 498" refId="ref18596" refString="Pocock, R. I. (1901) Descriptions of some new species of spiders from British India. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society, 13, 478 - 498." type="journal article" year="1901">Pocock 1901</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6DFC2A15FFC7FFB2FCB3F903D571BD30" box="[806,890,1791,1817]" captionStart="FIGURE 27" captionStartId="35.[151,250,1449,1473]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1425]" captionTargetId="figure-19@35.[151,1435,181,1425]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURE 27. Distribution of the genus Thelcticopis Karsch, 1884 in southern India and Sri Lanka." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11611352" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11611352/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">Fig. 27</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="BDDD651BFFC7FFB2FF52F8DFD54EBDE4" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="F5783690FFC7FFB2FF52F8DFD54EBDE4" blockId="11.[151,1437,1035,1997]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">
|
||
<emphasis id="C7B3EA82FFC7FFB2FF52F8DFD730BD14" bold="true" box="[199,315,1827,1853]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
The
|
||
<typeStatus id="2A7C8832FFC7FFB2FEECF8DFD7D0BD14" box="[377,475,1827,1853]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="32C74D13FFC7FFB2FD91F8D8D489BD14" authorityName="Pocock" authorityYear="1901" box="[516,642,1827,1854]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Thelcticopis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hercules">
|
||
<emphasis id="C7B3EA82FFC7FFB2FD91F8D8D41FBD14" box="[516,532,1828,1853]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">T</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="C7B3EA82FFC7FFB2FDB1F8DFD489BD14" box="[548,642,1827,1853]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">hercules</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a female (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6DFC2A15FFC7FFB2FC8FF8DFD554BD14" box="[794,863,1827,1853]" captionStart="FIGURES 8" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1301,1325]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1277]" captionTargetId="figure-23@12.[151,1436,181,1277]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 8A–F. Thelcticopis hercules Pocock, 1901, holotype female. A–B Prosoma (A dorsal, B ventral); C Opisthosoma, dorsal; D Epigyne, ventral; E Vulva, dorsal; F Labels in the holotype vial. Scale bars: A–E, 1 mm. Photographs by Danniella Sherwood, © The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11611311" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11611311/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
), which is not noted by the
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="91564B61FFC7FFB2FB30F8DFD6EEBD48" author="World Spider Catalog" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" refId="ref19499" refString="World Spider Catalog (2024) World Spider Catalog. Version 25.0. Natural History Museum, Bern. Available from: http: // wsc. nmbe. ch (accessed 11 February 2024) https: // doi. org / 10.24436 / 2" type="book" year="2024">World Spider Catalog (2024)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. The sex of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="2A7C8832FFC7FFB2FE07F8BBD7FFBD48" box="[402,500,1863,1889]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
can be elucidated from the original description, where
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="91564B61FFC7FFB2FBC2F8BBD2F1BD48" author="Pocock, R. I." box="[1111,1274,1863,1889]" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" pagination="478 - 498" refId="ref18596" refString="Pocock, R. I. (1901) Descriptions of some new species of spiders from British India. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society, 13, 478 - 498." type="journal article" year="1901">Pocock (1901)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
used the word ‘
|
||
<emphasis id="C7B3EA82FFC7FFB2FF34F897D6E1BDAC" box="[161,234,1899,1925]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">Vulva’</emphasis>
|
||
at the 9
|
||
<superScript id="02B29BD8FFC7FFB2FEDFF897D75CBD50" attach="left" box="[330,343,1899,1913]" fontSize="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">th</superScript>
|
||
line of species description, indicating that the type specimen was female. However, he did not provide the ‘female symbol’ along with the description as in other cases, which is clearly a publisher’s error/
|
||
<emphasis id="C7B3EA82FFC7FFB2FAC0F873D6E8BDE4" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">lapsus calami</emphasis>
|
||
also found with the description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="32C74D13FFC7FFB2FDFEF848D4BDBDE4" authorityName="Pocock" authorityYear="1901" box="[619,694,1972,1997]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Thelcticopis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="11" pageNumber="312" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ajax">
|
||
<emphasis id="C7B3EA82FFC7FFB2FDFEF848D4BDBDE4" box="[619,694,1972,1997]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="312">T. ajax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see above).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |