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<document id="0E1D2175943E3FD5C0914378207AB54A" ID-CLB-Dataset="35578" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.579.7166" ID-GBIF-Dataset="93a92d61-ee7c-4e1b-b98b-df36e9cab2e8" ID-PMC="PMC4829971" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-579-99" ID-PubMed="27110203" ID-ZooBank="680B58D59D354D7698274245FAFA8C18" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2016" ModsDocID="1313-2970-579-99" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 579" ModsDocTitle="Systematics and biology of some species of Micrurapteryx Spuler (Lepidoptera, Gracillariidae) from the Holarctic Region, with re-description of M.caraganella (Hering) from Siberia" checkinTime="1460456247692" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Kirichenko, Natalia, Triberti, Paolo, Mutanen, Marko, Magnoux, Emmanuelle, Landry, Jean-Francois &amp; Lopez-Vaamonde, Carlos" docDate="2016" docId="4AEC9C70807D0D504C3370C525DEF50D" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 579: 99-156" docOrigin="ZooKeys 579" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.579.7166" docTitle="Micrurapteryx occulta Braun 1922, comb. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="122" masterDocId="FFF47D1B6609FF91FF99FFA5FFEE0B34" masterDocTitle="Systematics and biology of some species of Micrurapteryx Spuler (Lepidoptera, Gracillariidae) from the Holarctic Region, with re-description of M. caraganella (Hering) from Siberia" masterLastPageNumber="156" masterPageNumber="99" pageNumber="118" updateTime="1701374299834" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="C3230A0CD43DCA1644E918D352CB1659">Systematics and biology of some species of Micrurapteryx Spuler (Lepidoptera, Gracillariidae) from the Holarctic Region, with re-description of M. caraganella (Hering) from Siberia</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="448E6FB05737D0061CD0823666B7C56D">Kirichenko, Natalia</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="BCA77CF40DBCCD4D8E6836D063C3B7CD">Triberti, Paolo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="64FE45FD92D51F9A409EA3BAFD4D0354">Mutanen, Marko</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="2692F3B0714DB1F075E9E75A7FB5FB33">Magnoux, Emmanuelle</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="4AAFEC863124EEC6B0C275560A61E239">Landry, Jean-Francois</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="A0CBCE5E61F26B291D1D9B8596CAE611">Lopez-Vaamonde, Carlos</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="1363ED8B805F830059A8F2D038F42AAC">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="D5A46B6CA4575D8C65726F7AA24673BA">579</mods:number>
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<treatment id="4AEC9C70807D0D504C3370C525DEF50D" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127863572" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4AEC9C70807D0D504C3370C525DEF50D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4AEC9C70807D0D504C3370C525DEF50D" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="122" pageId="19" pageNumber="118">
<subSubSection id="D592D9A3299636238401E61870E58A3A" pageId="19" pageNumber="118" type="multiple">
<paragraph id="70662995594A7B956DB14F874FA72B02" pageId="19" pageNumber="118">
<pageBreakToken id="3C1BE7163AB0601F9657CE80E77FF2A5" pageId="19" pageNumber="118" start="start">Taxon</pageBreakToken>
classification Animalia Lepidoptera Gracillariidae
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="13B145F1E167FFAE785619E8607F0A2D" pageId="19" pageNumber="118" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="335A8574446A19FB782B64E563542939" pageId="19" pageNumber="118">
<taxonomicName id="9C46113D15546C3B263DE9EE6AA47675" ID-CoL="8VLGG" authority="Braun, 1922" authorityName="Braun" authorityYear="1922" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Micrurapteryx" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Micrurapteryx occulta" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occulta">Micrurapteryx occulta (Braun, 1922)</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="40256CE8B3D64473D5CC08FC82E7E526" pageId="19" pageNumber="118">comb. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Figs 6-8, 9-10, 15, 21, 32-39, 44-46
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="1A494F418E547411600C80BA6860A849" pageId="19" pageNumber="118" type="citations">
<paragraph id="8E0B1C826A84EBF14A2A7877669BEDF8" pageId="19" pageNumber="118">Citations.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1B7638D4B07CABA215F203632BD94574" pageId="19" pageNumber="118">
[
<taxonomicName id="57FB0B10E49BF78FDF8618EA9A02D992" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Parectopa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parectopa occulta" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occulta">Parectopa occulta</taxonomicName>
Braun, 1922: 91;
<bibRefCitation id="BE3EF34B2FC1AE62AB644E39CED0BE7C" author="McDunnough, J" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the Southern California Academy of Sciences" pageId="34" pageNumber="133" pagination="1 - 171" title="Check list of the Lepidoptera of Canada and the United States of America. Part II. Microlepidoptera." volume="2" year="1939">McDunnough 1939</bibRefCitation>
: 98;
<bibRefCitation id="E61EC5F4BB5A7EE3DA4CD664D7549BC4" author="Davis, DR" editor="Hodges, RW" journalOrPublisher="EW Classey and The Wedge Entomological Research Foundation" pageId="32" pageNumber="131" title="Check List of the Lepidoptera of America North of Mexico" year="1983">Davis 1983</bibRefCitation>
: 9. Type locality: Powell County, Kentucky, U.S.A.]
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="61E5C04F442AACFA37DC9EB89E19A77A" pageId="19" pageNumber="118">
[
<taxonomicName id="842CA1F9EB1E3CFF625868A9B0CC511D" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Parectopa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parectopa albicostella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albicostella">Parectopa albicostella</taxonomicName>
Braun, 1925: 213;
<bibRefCitation id="7785B4A09D4CC09FD55AF2518A13B00E" author="McDunnough, J" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the Southern California Academy of Sciences" pageId="34" pageNumber="133" pagination="1 - 171" title="Check list of the Lepidoptera of Canada and the United States of America. Part II. Microlepidoptera." volume="2" year="1939">McDunnough 1939</bibRefCitation>
: 98;
<bibRefCitation id="0EF78B3C9A1ADBBBBFF8F468F15A441B" author="Davis, DR" editor="Hodges, RW" journalOrPublisher="EW Classey and The Wedge Entomological Research Foundation" pageId="32" pageNumber="131" title="Check List of the Lepidoptera of America North of Mexico" year="1983">Davis 1983</bibRefCitation>
: 9; syn. n. Type locality: Spring Hollow, Cache County, Utah, U.S.A.]
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="1D115D2D7ED4482F7F24ACE9A8957B99" pageId="19" pageNumber="118" type="type material">
<paragraph id="531B97BF185819B12ACC9581A7283FEC" pageId="19" pageNumber="118">Type material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3163160610AA6DF1541FA68FC8E6661C" pageId="19" pageNumber="118">
<taxonomicName id="0657DBFE09C06D54A616BE02EF721577" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Parectopa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parectopa occulta" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occulta">Parectopa occulta</taxonomicName>
: Holotype female, in ANSP, labelled: &quot;B. 1071, | Powell Co., | Ky. i. VII. 12. 21 [handwritten]; &quot;TYPE | Collection of | Annette F. Braun&quot; [red, printed]; &quot;
<taxonomicName id="0EA94CD0C64862D2AA2601FD11246F13" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Parectopa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parectopa" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Parectopa</taxonomicName>
|
<taxonomicName id="4C6D8625C8F068BB01FAA9CB01F7B468" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Parectopa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parectopa occulta" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occulta">occulta</taxonomicName>
| Type Braun&quot; [handwritten with top and bottom black border]; &quot;Specimen ID | CNCLEP | 00123636&quot; [printed]; &quot;genitalia slide | JFL 1748 ♀&quot; [pale green, printed except sex symbol handwritten]. The &quot;B. 1971&quot; refers to a Braun rearing lot number and corresponding sheet of rearing notes preserved with her collection in ANSP. In the original description (
<bibRefCitation id="491F7AB3046D4CCE6591315665A8A158" author="Braun, AF" journalOrPublisher="The Canadian Entomologist" pageId="32" pageNumber="131" pagination="90 - 94" title="Microlepidoptera: Notes and new species." url="10.4039/Ent5490-4" volume="54" year="1922">Braun 1922</bibRefCitation>
) she provided the host information (
<taxonomicName id="07B2C7BE1A1A6333D5FC300B8093BD2A" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Vicia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Vicia caroliniana" order="Fabales" pageId="19" pageNumber="118" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="caroliniana">Vicia caroliniana</taxonomicName>
Walter) and observations on the larval mine and cocoon.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3D6CBD0EDBE1FF61DCE691C709D9B281" pageId="19" pageNumber="118">
<taxonomicName id="FD10F8C76EE2A2DB98A3543D26655EFA" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Parectopa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parectopa albicostella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albicostella">Parectopa albicostella</taxonomicName>
: Holotype male, in ANSP, labelled: &quot;B. 1199&quot; [handwritten]; &quot;Cache Co. Utah | i. VIII.5.24 | Annette F. Braun&quot; [printed, second line handwritten]; &quot;TYPE | Collection of | Annette F. Braun&quot; [red, printed]; &quot;
<taxonomicName id="1355AF261431DA309F533B2AB5E4259B" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Parectopa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parectopa" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Parectopa</taxonomicName>
|
<taxonomicName id="4434BF8B1813677F777E2A2E20274716" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Parectopa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parectopa albicostella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albicostella">albicostella</taxonomicName>
| Type Braun&quot; [handwritten with top and bottom black border]; &quot;♂ genitalia on | slide 3764 | D.R. Davis&quot; [printed with black border, number handwritten]; &quot;Photograph | on file | USNM&quot; [printed with blue border]; &quot;Specimen ID | CNCLEP | 00123635&quot; [printed]. Regarding the type locality, the holotype labels indicated only &quot;Cache Co.&quot; and no host but in her paper with the original description,
<bibRefCitation id="A5FE2C6B57E96F4C24ECCA4D0B067967" author="Braun, AF" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the American Entomological Society" pageId="32" pageNumber="131" pagination="183 - 226" title="Microlepidoptera of northern Utah." volume="51" year="1925">Braun (1925)</bibRefCitation>
provided more precise information about the collecting site and indicated that it was reared from an undetermined
<normalizedToken id="16A945D9CCD094FE8E22CE86E237908A" originalValue="“vetch”">&quot;vetch&quot;</normalizedToken>
(presumably a herbaceous
<taxonomicName id="9B1F0C73622564AF7F7ED767360E8C76" family="Fabaceae" lsidName="Parectopa" pageId="19" pageNumber="118" rank="family">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
with
<taxonomicName id="4964E2A65C5F92CA2D4464FD5FD38E13" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Vicia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Vicia" order="Fabales" pageId="19" pageNumber="118" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Vicia</taxonomicName>
-like foliage). The &quot;B. 1199&quot; refers to a
<normalizedToken id="A24B4952E1CE7C1ED16946719E6E6894" originalValue="Braun’s">Braun's</normalizedToken>
rearing lot number and corresponding sheet of rearing notes preserved with her collection in ANSP.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F3082EB2F062036875976C63A68C9074" pageId="19" pageNumber="118" type="other specimens examined">
<paragraph id="C89032B277971CA36861531D38D28DFA" pageId="19" pageNumber="118">Other specimens examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DDA969E77CFEC3667575E2DB154A27BB" pageId="19" pageNumber="118">See Tables 1, Suppl. material 1: Table S2.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="2075C47DE454B256C7ED23333C277E18" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="119" pageId="19" pageNumber="118" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="BD64FE2A7A51C3ABC855F028176BF047" pageId="19" pageNumber="118">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BB608E7FE9C8C65F68C588C1ED16F1EE" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="119" pageId="19" pageNumber="118">
Superficially,
<taxonomicName id="441F9C0A7B283E5EFDAD34E6843EA82D" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Micrurapteryx" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Micrurapteryx occulta" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occulta">Micrurapteryx occulta</taxonomicName>
is virtually indistinguishable from the other species treated here, especially when the substantial amount of individual variation in coloration is taken into account. Most specimens have the head, thorax, costal and dorsal margins and strigulae of the forewing white, contrasting sharply with the dark brown disk and ground color. However, in several specimens, the white areas are obscured by a suffusion of dark-tipped scales which gives them an overall dark, peppery appearance. The genitalia of both sexes are amply different from
<taxonomicName id="310DF8B5C85D2479D4CAED4FA9C8999B" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Micrurapteryx" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Micrurapteryx salicifoliella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="salicifoliella">Micrurapteryx salicifoliella</taxonomicName>
, the only other North American species (Figs 16, 22, 28, 29, 48). When compared to Palearctic
<taxonomicName id="50252466B814863DF29F4B1737408480" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Micrurapteryx" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Micrurapteryx" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Micrurapteryx</taxonomicName>
, its genitalia are most similar to those of
<taxonomicName id="C72BD0104111F6CB64FF799435C4BB0C" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Micrurapteryx" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Micrurapteryx gradatella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gradatella">Micrurapteryx gradatella</taxonomicName>
, from which it differs in having a single elongate cornutus and the latero-medial tooth projecting, whereas
<taxonomicName id="CF4EACD1D7D703DA7EE0CFEE0EE39546" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Micrurapteryx" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Micrurapteryx gradatella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gradatella">Micrurapteryx gradatella</taxonomicName>
has a second cornutus consisting in a small, separate spine and its latero-medial tooth is elongate and flat. In the female genitalia of
<taxonomicName id="C6891126AD3E629A7D363CCF13F4E772" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Micrurapteryx" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Micrurapteryx occulta" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occulta">Micrurapteryx occulta</taxonomicName>
, the posterior sclerotized papillate section of the ductus bursae is slightly shorter relative to the anterior membranous section, or less than half the length from the
<pageBreakToken id="7C0602F77B1D35E9ABAF54BCBA59DFCD" pageId="20" pageNumber="119" start="start">antrum</pageBreakToken>
to the corpus bursae; in
<taxonomicName id="BAEF87964E53262BDE10F94F70EC630D" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Micrurapteryx" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Micrurapteryx gradatella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="119" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gradatella">Micrurapteryx gradatella</taxonomicName>
, the papillate section extends to about two-thirds of the ductus length. The two species are closely related morphologically, genetically, and biologically.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3C562E8B898919468BD625AC1BA7A72A" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" type="description of adult">
<paragraph id="229DD9ED04C4C6B7EE5A09EEC59123B6" pageId="21" pageNumber="120">
<pageBreakToken id="654E4D2CA8E160D1DED9AA40450B279D" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" start="start">Description</pageBreakToken>
of adult
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EF9C2DFFCACB7D87818EAAAEDC00A3F0" pageId="21" pageNumber="120">(Figs 6-10). Wingspan 8.7-11.7 mm (average 10.1 mm; 44 specimens).</paragraph>
<caption id="6675D682CEFC9DDCB192D904752491EB" pageId="21" pageNumber="120">
<paragraph id="3B78F73AB62DA3845151768F93358A78" pageId="21" pageNumber="120">
Figures 6-8. Adults of
<taxonomicName id="B71BFEDC6F6A247CD297BC27CE217832" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Micrurapteryx" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Micrurapteryx" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Micrurapteryx</taxonomicName>
. 6
<taxonomicName id="BCF5139D55D805B98BB7B0B27C30E399" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Micrurapteryx" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Micrurapteryx occulta" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occulta">Micrurapteryx occulta</taxonomicName>
, specimen CNCLEP00038523 ♂ (Canada, Ontario, Dunrobi) 7
<taxonomicName id="6BF158B34EBBD3EA5ADFA8DF3BC45A0A" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Micrurapteryx" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Micrurapteryx occulta" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occulta">Micrurapteryx occulta</taxonomicName>
(&quot;
<taxonomicName id="7F625DDA311D8F4556773D29A12B7C5C" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Parectopa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parectopa occulta" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occulta">Parectopa occulta</taxonomicName>
&quot; holotype), specimen CNCLEP00123636 ♀ (USA, Kentucky, Powell County) 8
<taxonomicName id="8E7E972D346A24EAF236A8F037E81FE6" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Micrurapteryx" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Micrurapteryx albicostella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albicostella">Micrurapteryx albicostella</taxonomicName>
(&quot;
<taxonomicName id="C9B8847076B5E68EC90847EAC6D449F2" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Parectopa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parectopa albicostella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albicostella">Parectopa albicostella</taxonomicName>
&quot; holotype), specimen CNCLEP00123635 ♂ (USA, Utah, Cache County, Spring Hollow). Scale bars: 2 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="BC3E061948F767817D499FD1307CA5C5" pageId="21" pageNumber="120">
<paragraph id="218EE18C460E7D3945BFCFC905727999" pageId="21" pageNumber="120">
Figures 9-10. Adults of
<taxonomicName id="B4D7D03EA82899C2FE603C26F0EC1A56" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Micrurapteryx" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Micrurapteryx" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Micrurapteryx</taxonomicName>
. 9
<taxonomicName id="D8D8D4F07CA1E0307033580C0B8188C4" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Micrurapteryx" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Micrurapteryx occulta" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occulta">Micrurapteryx occulta</taxonomicName>
, specimen CNCLEP00117698 ♀, ex
<taxonomicName id="36AFF2441668E959ACCEE515362653DC" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Caragana" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Caragana" order="Fabales" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Caragana</taxonomicName>
(Canada, British Columbia, Lumby) 10
<taxonomicName id="FA44064937B247C04E671E53DD741245" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Micrurapteryx" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Micrurapteryx occulta" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occulta">Micrurapteryx occulta</taxonomicName>
, specimen CNCLEP00121159 ♂ ex
<taxonomicName id="FDB1E05BC18E50BF80A3DEE5445ECF10" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Lupinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lupinus" order="Fabales" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Lupinus</taxonomicName>
(Canada, British Columbia, Mt Kobau). Scale bars: 2 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="A0A51C2DB9B15B36453F6ED83988A51D" pageId="21" pageNumber="120">
Head. Frons and vertex white in most specimens, or dark from admixture of dark brown scales in dark specimens. Labial palpus shape as in
<taxonomicName id="93C883D8007236C4DBDB697DC0D573B2" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Micrurapteryx" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Micrurapteryx gradatella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gradatella">Micrurapteryx gradatella</taxonomicName>
, outer surface of article 2 dark brown, inner surface from all white to nearly all dark brown; article 3 variously ringed with dark brown in distal half in many. Antenna dorsally fuscous throughout, ventrally with scale, pedicel, and in many
<normalizedToken id="416DC52550E270BC1E99DF11FEABCC6C" originalValue="¼">1/4</normalizedToken>
to ⅓ of flagellum white; pecten absent.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AE6B0120AD116815F6385961F3AB8A2E" pageId="21" pageNumber="120">
Thorax. Dorsum white in pale (most) specimens, predominantly dark brown peppered with white in dark specimens. Tegulae dark brown. Legs as in
<taxonomicName id="2A478D3AA1272A59E92B0C01B78FF227" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Micrurapteryx" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Micrurapteryx gradatella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gradatella">Micrurapteryx gradatella</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC1FDDEF63097DDA400B2265870B24B" pageId="21" pageNumber="120">
Forewing. Pattern very similar to that of
<taxonomicName id="6F0BF09F33472321528924E2FC8B160A" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Micrurapteryx" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Micrurapteryx gradatella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gradatella">Micrurapteryx gradatella</taxonomicName>
, but rather variable: in several specimens, dark portion of disk with pale-based, dark-tipped scales giving the appearance of pale suffusion; white dorsal margin in some specimens obscured by suffusion of dark-tipped scales; terminal portion between strigulae 4 and 5 and around apical spot rufous in specimens with white costa and margin. Forewing of darker specimens with overall peppery appearance.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C98AEAA1C8B2A2EB5FAEDCD02789DBB1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120">
Abdomen. (Figs 15, 21). Pale grey dorsally, white ventrally. In male coremata of intersegmental membrane 6-7 about 0.5
<normalizedToken id="5A470425945C651FC3AAE3C21483C48E" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
width of S7.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9C5AF8859AA7EE31E38EE4FFC0ED8A63" pageId="21" pageNumber="120">
Male genitalia (Figs 32-39, Suppl. material 2-4: Figs S01-S34). 32 preparations examined. Very similar to
<taxonomicName id="E58E63DF6653D2A46687F0DCAD9FDEBA" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Micrurapteryx" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Micrurapteryx gradatella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gradatella">Micrurapteryx gradatella</taxonomicName>
. Tegumen about 0.2
<normalizedToken id="F43EE94D41A2FB1E6CA4348DBAD19FAB" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
length of valva, with long and thin peduncular arms, apex subtriangular or subconical, with jagged edge, sometimes slightly indented. A pair of elongate lamellae about as long as tegumen-peduncular arms bracing the sides of anal tube, their distal portion with oblique wrinkles. Anal tube with 1 or 2 setae in few specimens, without seta in most. Latero-medial spine of phallus simple in most specimens, bitoothed in some specimens (including the holotype of
<taxonomicName id="593AF7F68D7B796BD61E768C9A42504D" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Parectopa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parectopa albicostella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albicostella">Parectopa albicostella</taxonomicName>
), tri-toothed observed in one specimen (Table 3), the spine projecting dorso-laterally from the phallus surface.
</paragraph>
<caption id="41B0ACC2609D19BC22A0674996C58D38" pageId="21" pageNumber="120">
<paragraph id="19A3492A535020B8CA5AFC6E468EC81D" pageId="21" pageNumber="120">
Table 3. Morphological variation in
<taxonomicName id="CA325EF4CBFBE13F50BF25EE94BF735D" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Micrurapteryx" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Micrurapteryx occulta" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occulta">Micrurapteryx occulta</taxonomicName>
from North America.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="AEFDE1C013C5115F104352C991989929" pageId="21" pageNumber="120">
<table id="2F646CD8468A7CB56D5F6DEFEA4A8E07" pageId="21" pageNumber="120">
<tr id="37E16E5DE1002D9317999CF855E4DC28" pageId="21" pageNumber="120">
<th id="BFE351129DD25619053CCCAEC7084CF7" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="2">
<normalizedToken id="1984693A0FA9C072381B084F862C504D" originalValue="№">NO</normalizedToken>
</th>
<th id="7C8AB6171F98E21537FB3D0D356C4529" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="2">Specimen ID and genitalia preparation in []</th>
<th id="CF44585023D9418020144B1465911081" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="2">BIN</th>
<th id="49B642289C1D2C64051B40EB00468A57" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="2">Province / State</th>
<th id="A0E0C6607901977F97068AEBA8CE9091" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="2">Head color</th>
<th id="E85C77969BA84FE127E87FE621E17A2F" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="2">Thorax color</th>
<th id="66C857944E990697FF4C15BD02A07A54" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="2">Forewing costa</th>
<th id="9455B761E6FBD557782E1B33BC5B18D1" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="2">Color of forewing apical area</th>
<th id="1471811C6F33852EDAA2D002F2492935" colspan="2" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="1">Phallus</th>
<th id="BBA0E4927BEC20332215F43D6420E96A" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="2">Anal tube setae</th>
<th id="F2739F9D8C7E9740213DA7EDEC8B30C7" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="2">Signa</th>
</tr>
<tr id="06A25B4B97BE84ADB4A4B3F7548ED8B0" pageId="21" pageNumber="120">
<th id="3B51D6C0A62C5512F4D71546FCC8C7BB" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="1">median tooth</th>
<th id="A96BD8E09A8A5F049944E3319D98484E" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="1">apical tooth</th>
</tr>
<tr id="413521C289D4B2E3FCAAEA359F2A93D0" pageId="21" pageNumber="120">
<td id="7DF3D4E0439DABA5744193E3CA66BB55" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="1">MIC</td>
<td id="9CB9150CEBD289A1EA75F51A53C056CA" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="1">BOLD:AAD5802</td>
</tr>
<tr id="6761CB2EC6DBA068EE4E1B8580F6A3B2" pageId="21" pageNumber="120">
<td id="E4A1D0C0992AE097A87CF35A6AA2FC5C" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="1">MIC</td>
<td id="7E49F7113B22C6B967035E5F9AC1D0A0" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="1">BOLD:AAD5802</td>
</tr>
<tr id="6EA2A44C426CF821B08D553389128921" pageId="21" pageNumber="120">
<td id="85F2FF43E1A916D010632BDA365DFE15" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="1">MIC</td>
<td id="9924E2FD5F91955D0C01528E679F6A8A" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="1">BOLD:AAD5802</td>
</tr>
<tr id="2A951308C66893E0F35C2BD4421B0539" pageId="21" pageNumber="120">
<td id="1E026991ACE30EE07CBCD0D34948A7D2" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="1">MIC</td>
<td id="889FF83D3971E9495D49DCF2FFAD2DD6" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="1">BOLD:AAD5802</td>
</tr>
<tr id="EE4D54C8C0DC9A634F3099B7AB9B73EE" pageId="21" pageNumber="120">
<td id="7CF58A68A15C88CD367523EE00C820CA" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="1">MIC</td>
<td id="170D68F63B065B7B55616310AFD8A082" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="1">BOLD:AAD5802</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3E352AD126A1C9BDC19CEBEE1CC1FB7B" pageId="21" pageNumber="120">
<td id="2F05AA960BE0B3448AE427A7BD1671D1" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="1">MIC</td>
<td id="BEF7A18CB7FF892F446E57D5DF360444" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="1">BOLD:AAD5802</td>
</tr>
<tr id="CD75A7DD55C1511AE1E4510CDB6153AD" pageId="21" pageNumber="120">
<td id="5910EF90E7DBCB30190F0492EFAB7FED" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="1">MIC</td>
<td id="89D8F34866B68445B91F326447DDEF6E" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="1">BOLD:AAD5802</td>
</tr>
<tr id="41D591C722A3DCF2A89BDC75F22F281A" pageId="21" pageNumber="120">
<td id="04AB4F324B664EB17AF0543DC1EC22E0" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="1">MIC</td>
<td id="475BB520BE317804CEA9FB8060FBC2BB" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="1">BOLD:AAD5802</td>
</tr>
<tr id="792C0A647AF7B89AE549116211485837" pageId="21" pageNumber="120">
<td id="56B9DBA3622C667E25C924B9DF165A83" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="1">MIC</td>
<td id="581E0DA81BE8E5437ABA04A8452DBF00" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="1">BOLD:AAD5802</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4B4D7280496A2838BD0B487B83F79856" pageId="21" pageNumber="120">
<td id="6B891A5961FE68A29C71C7C62C77E612" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="1">MIC</td>
<td id="86FBD924DC5118F7B67A9BCAA028BDBC" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="1">BOLD:AAD5802</td>
</tr>
<tr id="037CB9F9851C5E1BCD3C832186C33682" pageId="21" pageNumber="120">
<td id="D36F5948243D97A54EA8C0A57AE4C055" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="1">MIC</td>
<td id="ABD15EC0D12CC0289D8BCEA46E95CF96" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="1">BOLD:AAD5802</td>
</tr>
<tr id="0C61900697DCAE7DCD267F5588BD0646" pageId="21" pageNumber="120">
<td id="EAEF352B4EFA8113C074638E7C7543B3" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="1">MIC</td>
<td id="12D5C7E8C094BC42DE0D90C39B3D43B1" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="1">BOLD:AAD5802</td>
</tr>
<tr id="89892697861FE4A3C9B21F442317B652" pageId="21" pageNumber="120">
<td id="895EC3FC38E69E6DD47BF9C58988F924" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="1">MIC</td>
<td id="E3628CC9D7DB9AD114A9D724C477DAF1" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="1">BOLD:AAD5802</td>
</tr>
<tr id="D9627BE783CCDC61561A7777D1FB130A" pageId="21" pageNumber="120">
<td id="C1111688F2FC1B7754677D59FFFE5507" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="1">MIC</td>
<td id="015648F43D1E539FEF9E7C85B4D32A1F" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="1">BOLD:AAD5802</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3ABD5D28E0BCC3064CA716A9B9A5F8F2" pageId="21" pageNumber="120">
<td id="AC08042722F4E4F212493F8547CEE4E2" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="1">MIC</td>
<td id="23E7AB222AA7303533D2014B5A146DEC" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="1">BOLD:AAD5802</td>
</tr>
<tr id="10D995517804A2A9FA6B5A4202C7FA05" pageId="21" pageNumber="120">
<td id="802673A2997A62B23E010CB4C7C6B0FD" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="1">MIC</td>
<td id="1D0673203F0BFFC0FEE67A13456153E1" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="1">BOLD:AAD5802</td>
</tr>
<tr id="80EAFB1E0D071AD8D101E26E992BF8EB" pageId="21" pageNumber="120">
<td id="65E69430CF29801BC9B1A12855A3D4E7" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="1">MIC</td>
<td id="8C41B0DFED16FA5DE1503FE9FFCB7B2E" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="1">BOLD:AAD5802</td>
</tr>
<tr id="642C5121414669B2F95778E3579C3D13" pageId="21" pageNumber="120">
<td id="CC95B99DB347E609F827814BEC6491E2" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="1">MIC</td>
<td id="782AB7A63672F6C5AB793523BE03B05B" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="1">BOLD:AAD5802</td>
</tr>
<tr id="C9722B0A0DF428606273FD41EC10C2B7" pageId="21" pageNumber="120">
<td id="3714CE967749890C7055889BB3DD5E27" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="1">MIC</td>
</tr>
<tr id="894378681C13D55C08DEB1D63E6626E4" pageId="21" pageNumber="120">
<td id="81414B00EC555DEE27412A20FF1CC9BB" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="1">MIC</td>
<td id="BC1890184218EF1C70CEC241A49BB41B" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="1">BOLD:AAD5802</td>
</tr>
<tr id="E16B363E6F6D43AE44336AFFDC4033B0" pageId="21" pageNumber="120">
<td id="6F6A2A3017D7CB94666745B869A5E678" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="1">MIC</td>
<td id="B4F40504F61ACF9EFE3D5E4B52FDA464" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="1">BOLD:AAD5802</td>
</tr>
<tr id="CAD5C808EF693B41CF8EE741235C4B75" pageId="21" pageNumber="120">
<td id="9D289F7494FA9554E716113483D91768" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="1">MIC</td>
<td id="55E2E4D07506F0DC27E9D687AC9D6DDA" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="1">BOLD:AAD5802</td>
</tr>
<tr id="B97CDA2FDC1EDED76B9654536ED047F8" pageId="21" pageNumber="120">
<td id="46C4D71FE7F0AA0A25E489A8D86DA2B1" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="1">MIC</td>
<td id="2AD2E0680C6E65D6BD3C9601B2F79E6A" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="1">BOLD:AAD5802</td>
</tr>
<tr id="5A1EE3896C51990F08B1D00A5E173739" pageId="21" pageNumber="120">
<td id="5FBE0EF7A60C8DD7A4AD4DA5C71ABEA0" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="1">MIC</td>
<td id="B3C2002BF61B8F7F0F49B62D7E537FD2" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="1">BOLD:AAD5802</td>
</tr>
<tr id="A9C0C066CFB69F69BD39780A2B633778" pageId="21" pageNumber="120">
<td id="4873C9444CED69F29871BA7AE16447F8" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="1">MIC</td>
<td id="9B8F8A0A17258459995AA4AD13F8D345" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="1">BOLD:AAD5802</td>
</tr>
<tr id="50A926C2A8F63CB46BBAD3192E3C232E" pageId="21" pageNumber="120">
<td id="B0546A100A7384DF503714150CA00937" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="1">MIC</td>
<td id="445122D568D2C177AB83C4BEDA9F1EF1" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="1">BOLD:AAD5802</td>
</tr>
<tr id="BBF166902A7A85D4F428671B15620FD6" pageId="21" pageNumber="120">
<td id="DF91718360728608EFFC4A82B44255AD" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="1">MIC</td>
<td id="A4401DA0B63847E472365F48B82C106F" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="1">BOLD:AAD5802</td>
</tr>
<tr id="B088293640F95BFD0B278EAFA2EFE2AE" pageId="21" pageNumber="120">
<td id="E357C666CF2F27BC5A9C301D976DFB87" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="1">MIC</td>
<td id="AE112C5499A28969F5DA749323A8B70F" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="1">BOLD:AAD5802</td>
</tr>
<tr id="52C5232876CADF41124CE16AF5BE7E4E" pageId="21" pageNumber="120">
<td id="5785C3CAF19E3A8E65C33354FCC5CFB1" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="1">MIC</td>
<td id="BFDEE463E4BBC7C0ED6E42A0B684990F" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="1">BOLD:AAD5802</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DD7DEAA47AFAB48F8C66C1C2AB1B4C27" pageId="21" pageNumber="120">
<td id="C8F1FCD5B6601D1DB2E5EF21578A56A6" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="1">MIC</td>
<td id="D394CA9CDE7EC9217F239327081BE6AF" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="1">BOLD:AAD5802</td>
</tr>
<tr id="839466967726C20C08CFE39463AE24EB" pageId="21" pageNumber="120">
<td id="EB28E9ACA0910B3EC8352519A8F34D1C" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="1">MIC</td>
<td id="6BE0D92901E5053A4A052435DE7B4E2D" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="1">BOLD:AAD5802</td>
</tr>
<tr id="371F889F9F1A44D8A0B9DE5076B6DAD0" pageId="21" pageNumber="120">
<td id="1CB6F0883B4AE78744A4F42828CF139A" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="1">MIC</td>
<td id="78A4B2A92861AD8953A7BE72FF7333A8" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="1">BOLD:AAD5802</td>
</tr>
<tr id="50FD453FA533633561851DCBDE79E8BC" pageId="21" pageNumber="120">
<td id="F4EF7DF02AF3624449DE5EE900653FF1" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="1">MIC</td>
</tr>
<tr id="ADECF5784B143417B4C9CC0A2CE04FE1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120">
<td id="5400FD24FE859E0B3F1EC4B4A907095B" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="1">MIC</td>
</tr>
<tr id="D6421F0D8759A0C9775474AC22A3D794" pageId="21" pageNumber="120">
<td id="086A621145D0339F2011833A1741F8E5" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="1">MIC</td>
<td id="4690CA9D21C5C4DC695253AA7838B909" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="1">BOLD:AAD5802</td>
</tr>
<tr id="C00BD12D697BC8301145B01A8C85F5D8" pageId="21" pageNumber="120">
<td id="7A75C79D46D7DC0D9DB8F77F51959795" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="1">MIC</td>
<td id="5DD5662F2BF64F121F3727FEDBF0E5B2" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="1">BOLD:AAD5802</td>
</tr>
<tr id="DAE7F968D82C0E732EC75E7978C8E11D" pageId="21" pageNumber="120">
<td id="FC8FE99DD663466C174CA46D916E0D19" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="F56D955495E03DB45B8D250C91A44F88" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Parectopa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parectopa albicostella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albicostella">albicostella</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="7C66D1C1A0EF53348E664526C65A0B30" pageId="21" pageNumber="120">
<td id="0E975653E53FE883F52A1B48F42D5DA8" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="904C862ED6988F4CCC84E67B6D20EE57" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Parectopa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parectopa occulta" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occulta">occulta</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="D1F13C4984C259760E66BFE026D26997" pageId="21" pageNumber="120">
<td id="C8AC5E78B534F9C175DBCE55DA573EE6" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="1">MIC</td>
</tr>
<tr id="BDC53201F758118201668995F6938953" pageId="21" pageNumber="120">
<td id="CEAEAE4D2DCA199AEE8D480DC6A1C4B0" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="1">MIC</td>
</tr>
<tr id="D018CC995EAF61C9B231009AD2709C2B" pageId="21" pageNumber="120">
<td id="1315A2BE70C847439BA2E18E26EDDF48" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="1">MIC</td>
</tr>
<tr id="F259FCB98EE7925DA051FB012D02FA6D" pageId="21" pageNumber="120">
<td id="78A8ADFD92C9C42DC13055619086DBEC" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="1">MIC</td>
</tr>
<tr id="B15B1382184F5D3BBAAA0D42F80D6E8A" pageId="21" pageNumber="120">
<td id="74167F9D1A25662EF0494D7E8E971296" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="1">MIC</td>
</tr>
<tr id="BC96889C38C2C380C4FC4089A029BE80" pageId="21" pageNumber="120">
<td id="DFB073230CD61D35D0FE521BCA49AFEC" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="1">MIC</td>
</tr>
<tr id="2E68314E26106397A6685A0B815DD656" pageId="21" pageNumber="120">
<td id="D833AF98975639F7155F8980EBEA602F" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="1">MIC</td>
</tr>
<tr id="1D5968883157D06D20EF335654C31386" pageId="21" pageNumber="120">
<td id="2281781CCC85F5A41581C8D6B50B5B30" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="1">USNMENT00657161 USNM</td>
</tr>
<tr id="F65BA7FD436F69A371F9A3A5172C3175" pageId="21" pageNumber="120">
<td id="9A6D2D77FE88BA9C947B75FFD3A45143" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="1">USNMENT00657162 USNM</td>
<td id="200D1231324634C05BCE7A31E8C156E1" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="1">BOLD:AAD5802</td>
</tr>
<tr id="2A7480AD30ADAE192E6ABA5FEE37B92C" pageId="21" pageNumber="120">
<td id="66FD6D8B6F4037611822098365A4C453" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="1">USNMENT00657163 USNM</td>
<td id="CC84568D224CFAE8EF7786B768EEFF18" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="1">BOLD:AAD5802</td>
</tr>
<tr id="B2EA10678EA0D271B390C3C4F791A395" pageId="21" pageNumber="120">
<td id="13BEDC4672A75D1B93D1E7F163C31488" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="1">USNMENT00657165 USNM</td>
<td id="85073E2927E49E51521E6815A086781E" colspan="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rowspan="1">BOLD:AAD5802</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BF364CF55DD26EB5F0B72CF4719BE148" pageId="21" pageNumber="120">
Female genitalia (Figs 44-46, Suppl. material 5-6: Figs S37-S52). 17 preparations examined. Very similar to
<taxonomicName id="BF3A754F8F2B4815DCC240D9BE5BB08B" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Micrurapteryx" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Micrurapteryx gradatella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gradatella">Micrurapteryx gradatella</taxonomicName>
. Sclerotized papillate section of ductus bursae about two-thirds length of ductus from antrum to corpus bursae. Number of spines of signa variable, 2-8 (average 5).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CA8099CFA13071263B6381D1AA67DC01" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="121" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" type="notes about synonymy and variation">
<paragraph id="81918CA80E9D871D22C85E990040EED0" pageId="21" pageNumber="120">Notes about synonymy and variation.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2B0FD20D83802C0F3FF43BCEC804EF81" pageId="21" pageNumber="120">
The synonymy of
<taxonomicName id="B05E7DF7E092B2AD60490F9F2A15548C" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Parectopa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parectopa albicostella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albicostella">Parectopa albicostella</taxonomicName>
with
<taxonomicName id="BA1B99A197DCDEF2E31DC3023B98D0B4" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Micrurapteryx" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Micrurapteryx occulta" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occulta">Micrurapteryx occulta</taxonomicName>
is here established based on examination of the type specimens of both nominal species. Braun described each species on the basis of a single specimen, which she reared. The holotype of
<taxonomicName id="8CB60F20384E0AEEA6927C26B944DBB2" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Micrurapteryx" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Micrurapteryx occulta" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occulta">Micrurapteryx occulta</taxonomicName>
is a female reared from
<taxonomicName id="C9AA3B2AB5A4F071BC615FBA35E6D11F" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Vicia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Vicia caroliniana" order="Fabales" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="caroliniana">Vicia caroliniana</taxonomicName>
, and that of
<taxonomicName id="3E34E0F0549D0AB2A44190A26068FB8A" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Parectopa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parectopa albicostella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albicostella">Parectopa albicostella</taxonomicName>
a male reared from an unspecified
<normalizedToken id="A62C3FBA7D98EC1640F1CA29CE1AC652" originalValue="“vetch”">&quot;vetch&quot;</normalizedToken>
(
<taxonomicName id="5C22A550574B504200EB795DB9B118EC" family="Fabaceae" lsidName="Parectopa" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rank="family">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
). We were not able to barcode the types. However, barcoded specimens of both sexes with genitalia corresponding to each of these nominal species cluster within a single, cohesive BIN (BOLD:AAD5802) comprised of specimens spanning a transcontinental geographic range. This cluster also includes specimens reared from different
<taxonomicName id="85D2725477CB213F125202D5E1A597FE" family="Fabaceae" lsidName="Parectopa" pageId="21" pageNumber="120" rank="family">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
hosts that match the respective types in genital morphology and external appearance. Despite some morphological and genetic variation among examined specimens, we cannot find any consistent character to keep these two nominal taxa separate.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3A44A1D96EF8C63FB657FB07269879E2" pageId="22" pageNumber="121">
<bibRefCitation id="CE2EF25D75AE9D4B0AD670DAFC1C0074" author="Braun, AF" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the American Entomological Society" pageId="32" pageNumber="131" pagination="183 - 226" title="Microlepidoptera of northern Utah." volume="51" year="1925">
<pageBreakToken id="81776B0734DEA1ADE2B7FFD13170A1A5" pageId="22" pageNumber="121" start="start">Braun</pageBreakToken>
(1925)
</bibRefCitation>
indicated that
<taxonomicName id="9E889DA1708186B91EB8AEC574590FAB" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Micrurapteryx" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Micrurapteryx albicostella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albicostella">Micrurapteryx albicostella</taxonomicName>
was closely allied to
<taxonomicName id="FD697C0658150812FD5312F901240E4F" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Micrurapteryx" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Micrurapteryx salicifoliella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="salicifoliella">Micrurapteryx salicifoliella</taxonomicName>
Chambers (Fig. 11),
<taxonomicName id="AA09586D2E9504234347737F6E60AA55" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Parectopa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parectopa thermopsella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thermopsella">Parectopa thermopsella</taxonomicName>
Chambers, and
<taxonomicName id="710AF0C48D36058526CB06C5C196C53A" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Micrurapteryx" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Micrurapteryx occulta" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occulta">Micrurapteryx occulta</taxonomicName>
Braun, &quot;but separated from all of them by the dark head and thorax and the white costal edge.&quot; We observed that these colour characteristics vary individually among all specimens examined, including among
<taxonomicName id="E09BCB9A495216A8CBECDA870657678C" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Micrurapteryx" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Micrurapteryx salicifoliella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="salicifoliella">Micrurapteryx salicifoliella</taxonomicName>
. For example, a pair of
<taxonomicName id="A00DE3602400A44CE95746352867F6E8" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Micrurapteryx" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Micrurapteryx occulta" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occulta">Micrurapteryx occulta</taxonomicName>
with identical barcodes reared from leafmines on the same lupine plant from British Columbia (specimens CNCLEP00121158 and CNCLEP00121159) shows the male with a dark head and thorax as well as a darkened dorsal edge as exhibited by the male holotype of
<taxonomicName id="51E849CBA86E3662442BB5FE91332AE1" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Parectopa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parectopa albicostella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albicostella">Parectopa albicostella</taxonomicName>
, whereas the female has a white head, thorax, and costal edge as in the female holotype of
<taxonomicName id="BB8A7659A3FDE2481DC5E179537C03C6" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Micrurapteryx" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Micrurapteryx occulta" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occulta">Micrurapteryx occulta</taxonomicName>
. In fact, the holotype of
<taxonomicName id="2D433300E3259974EE95C0FBF059464D" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Parectopa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parectopa albicostella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albicostella">Parectopa albicostella</taxonomicName>
has the thorax predominantly dark peppered with white scales (Fig. 8, not really
<normalizedToken id="286B588B01CFD6EC4995217AD8AC50E5" originalValue="“streaked”">&quot;streaked&quot;</normalizedToken>
as Braun described). Although this might suggest sexual dimorphism in colouration, both colour patterns (and others) were observed in each sex among the other specimens that we examined.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="65F759F81E1DB77A08FCD483006B3F22" pageId="22" pageNumber="121">The genitalia of both Braun holotypes are not distinguishable from those of other barcoded specimens in BIN BOLD:AAD5802, as well as from several additional non-barcoded specimens examined. Although minor variations in several features were observed, these do not exhibit a clear geographic pattern (Table 3).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2E54E36CCFE75A49D5C9437BA6581ABA" pageId="22" pageNumber="121">
In male genitalia (32 preparations examined, Figs 32-39, Suppl. material 2-4: Figs S01-S34), for example, the lateromedial tooth of the phallus is simple in most specimens (Fig. 33) but double in a few western specimens (Figs 35, 39, including the
<taxonomicName id="95E5AC1266C3FDD89E6DCEBDA80680DB" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Micrurapteryx" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Micrurapteryx albicostella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albicostella">Micrurapteryx albicostella</taxonomicName>
holotype from Utah), with one from British Columbia showing a suggestion of blunt doubling, and even one eastern specimen from New Brunswick with a triple tooth (Fig. 37); the apical lobe of the sacculus is variously pointed or somewhat rounded (rounded in
<taxonomicName id="6CB6F628D9EBC10A632B8E6EC2EDD40E" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Micrurapteryx" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Micrurapteryx albicostella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albicostella">Micrurapteryx albicostella</taxonomicName>
holotype from Kentucky); the curvature of the apex of cucullus varies from well rounded to nearly straight; and a single or a pair of fine setae are present on the membranous part of the anal tube in some specimens (Fig. 32). The anal seta character is uncommon in
<taxonomicName id="FFEE260D01FC2908A67700C9166946C4" lsidName="" pageId="22" pageNumber="121" rank="subfamily" subfamily="Gracillariinae">Gracillariinae</taxonomicName>
- it may have been overlooked - and seems inconstant at the specific level. One seta is present in one male
<taxonomicName id="AAC0B0DE06945C47ACC588448A0DDDDC" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Micrurapteryx" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Micrurapteryx kollariella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kollariella">Micrurapteryx kollariella</taxonomicName>
examined (Fig. 30).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="696C86CD3354208D0B1771466502B042" pageId="22" pageNumber="121">In female genitalia (17 preparations examined), the number of signa varies from 2 to 8 (average 5), and the relative length and thickness of the antrum, sclerotized portion of the ductus bursae, and ostium notch vary slightly in proportions with no significant gap (Figs 44-46, Suppl. material 5-6: Figs S37-S52).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="8ADF34FFBFF94D9EDA0E5768A55962EE" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="122" pageId="22" pageNumber="121" type="on “parectopa” thermopsella (chambers, 1875)">
<paragraph id="AB51192601AB2525BF38FFC05933CAF7" pageId="22" pageNumber="121">
On &quot;
<taxonomicName id="2319A35F4035E1C2B614AF2BCD1DC5F1" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Parectopa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parectopa" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Parectopa</taxonomicName>
&quot;
<taxonomicName id="81DD88B269F45F9545F00DD1215B011B" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Parectopa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parectopa thermopsella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thermopsella">thermopsella</taxonomicName>
(Chambers, 1875).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0FFE2962520CEAAB61821EAA31D10F91" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="122" pageId="22" pageNumber="121">
<bibRefCitation id="EDEC02E58F7F6299A97531F43E2CF384" author="Braun, AF" journalOrPublisher="The Canadian Entomologist" pageId="32" pageNumber="131" pagination="90 - 94" title="Microlepidoptera: Notes and new species." url="10.4039/Ent5490-4" volume="54" year="1922">Braun (1922</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="29CE3D0B9C8C3FAAE5005E009358A3A0" author="Braun, AF" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the American Entomological Society" pageId="32" pageNumber="131" pagination="183 - 226" title="Microlepidoptera of northern Utah." volume="51" year="1925">1925</bibRefCitation>
) also alluded to the relatedness of
<taxonomicName id="DFFF316176C5DD23F043C164A07AF684" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Parectopa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parectopa thermopsella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thermopsella">Parectopa thermopsella</taxonomicName>
to
<taxonomicName id="9CE49E05AB89348839789227AA5CB02D" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Micrurapteryx" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Micrurapteryx albicostella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albicostella">Micrurapteryx albicostella</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="41A2A9E975B0678CB6C1E6EDDDA660B2" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Micrurapteryx" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Micrurapteryx occulta" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occulta">Micrurapteryx occulta</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="6EA7F69FC95026D22CD258560154EC42" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Micrurapteryx" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Micrurapteryx salicifoliella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="salicifoliella">Micrurapteryx salicifoliella</taxonomicName>
, highlighting slight differences in forewing streaks, and this suggests superficially a similar external appearance and forewing pattern. It is not known whether Braun had seen authentic Chambers specimens of
<taxonomicName id="197D2021FE28F6DC16C96EB70B37DF08" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Parectopa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parectopa thermopsella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thermopsella">Parectopa thermopsella</taxonomicName>
.
<bibRefCitation id="0DFC6768AA4EAF5E0F94A6E1702D0304" author="Chambers, VT" journalOrPublisher="The Cincinnati Quarterly Journal of Science" pageId="32" pageNumber="131" pagination="289 - 305" title="Teneina [sic] of Colorado." volume="2" year="1875">Chambers (1875)</bibRefCitation>
mentioned his
<taxonomicName id="18B04FDD1817A87241D50D85A9CFDC9D" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Parectopa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parectopa thermopsella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thermopsella">Parectopa thermopsella</taxonomicName>
as &quot;closely allied&quot; to
<taxonomicName id="B6B7DB9E689CAC43B9B011521A5CD474" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Parectopa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parectopa lespedezaefoliella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lespedezaefoliella">Parectopa lespedezaefoliella</taxonomicName>
(type species of
<taxonomicName id="14D2CE31B0E7F875BB13BDAEA2A5C7A5" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Parectopa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parectopa" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Parectopa</taxonomicName>
),
<taxonomicName id="392816DF5C554D2FB6B7327B058F1556" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Parectopa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parectopa robiniella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="robiniella">Parectopa robiniella</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="E2456167E61CA66A4965F8C4A9683927" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Micrurapteryx" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Micrurapteryx salicifoliella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="salicifoliella">Micrurapteryx salicifoliella</taxonomicName>
, but his description of the larval mine immediately after that statement makes it unclear whether he was referring to the larval habits, the external appearance of the adult, or both. Both
<taxonomicName id="DB98F9FC602959FC76071A7574D2A27A" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Parectopa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parectopa lespedezaefoliella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lespedezaefoliella">Parectopa lespedezaefoliella</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="6E2027D1B3CA8C51163AB87D159EDCDD" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Parectopa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parectopa robiniella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="robiniella">Parectopa robiniella</taxonomicName>
(Fig. 12) have forewing patterns unlike
<taxonomicName id="07C84524C0D5433229825B5DE5FD4B87" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Micrurapteryx" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Micrurapteryx" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Micrurapteryx</taxonomicName>
species but the larval mines are
<pageBreakToken id="10293DC15DE8B98C37CA7186769FF95F" pageId="23" pageNumber="122" start="start">similar</pageBreakToken>
in appearance. The identity of
<taxonomicName id="94AC4EFD727AFC35FACB61009AE69A53" class="Insecta" family="Batrachedridae" genus="Gracilaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gracilaria" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Gracilaria</taxonomicName>
[sic]
<taxonomicName id="B7A8DE867533DCCA962CFF9959C488F3" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Parectopa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parectopa thermopsella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thermopsella">thermopsella</taxonomicName>
Chambers, 1875 remains unknown. The type locality is Spanish Bar, Colorado, and the host plant is a species of
<taxonomicName id="1CB6A99BCF16A6721D7D69865888CCE8" class="Ostracoda" family="Cyprididae" genus="Thermopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Thermopsis" order="Podocopida" pageId="23" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Thermopsis</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="81FE4A6C6E418E6D4F3D3009DA4759EF" family="Fabaceae" lsidName="Parectopa" pageId="23" pageNumber="122" rank="family">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
). It has been included in
<taxonomicName id="CF59E808394467BABA77550E8663C59A" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Parectopa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parectopa" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Parectopa</taxonomicName>
by subsequent authors (
<bibRefCitation id="E9143BEE0BF82FD067BFB0FC5FABF847" author="Braun, AF" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the American Entomological Society" pageId="32" pageNumber="131" pagination="183 - 226" title="Microlepidoptera of northern Utah." volume="51" year="1925">Braun 1925</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="8FABC39D71CBD9F151BCC8D5803EF99B" author="McDunnough, J" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the Southern California Academy of Sciences" pageId="34" pageNumber="133" pagination="1 - 171" title="Check list of the Lepidoptera of Canada and the United States of America. Part II. Microlepidoptera." volume="2" year="1939">McDunnough 1939</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="0BB2C8A2CD68DC4B2B3CA98BF4803F0D" author="Davis, DR" editor="Hodges, RW" journalOrPublisher="EW Classey and The Wedge Entomological Research Foundation" pageId="32" pageNumber="131" title="Check List of the Lepidoptera of America North of Mexico" year="1983">Davis 1983</bibRefCitation>
) but no type or other Chambers specimens seem to exist (Don Davis, pers. comm. to JFL, 2015).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="96AAF55303C02662E8613ACFBBEB1878" pageId="23" pageNumber="122" type="note on transferring occulta from parectopa to micrurapteryx">
<paragraph id="30AEC1381EB3E9A01FA3B99347F53EB1" pageId="23" pageNumber="122">
Note on transferring
<taxonomicName id="2F145AF367E1ED57A2E75EB29675AE69" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Parectopa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parectopa occulta" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occulta">occulta</taxonomicName>
from
<taxonomicName id="997428D487FEBA48212F49E326CB5A6C" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Parectopa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parectopa" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Parectopa</taxonomicName>
to
<taxonomicName id="5E90152FE28E18A21890F4D4B0C3B2EB" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Micrurapteryx" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Micrurapteryx" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Micrurapteryx</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="43B01B2F411235FBCE598E5605BD3C2B" pageId="23" pageNumber="122">
Despite the long-standing combination of
<taxonomicName id="2E35B8757E929B31F2B0AAD4ED604AFB" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Parectopa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parectopa occulta" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occulta">occulta</taxonomicName>
/
<taxonomicName id="CE295F09A01C49F4E28C47DCE9CBB761" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Parectopa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parectopa albicostella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albicostella">albicostella</taxonomicName>
with
<taxonomicName id="4223E627EB1B890983D92D175760CD6C" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Parectopa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parectopa" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Parectopa</taxonomicName>
, DNA, the forewing pattern, and genitalia clearly indicate greater relatedness to members of
<taxonomicName id="A79BBCEC6BE57449C777D83B9DCCFE14" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Micrurapteryx" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Micrurapteryx" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Micrurapteryx</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4313239CE3F047F880E57EB1E6804D92" pageId="23" pageNumber="122" type="biology">
<paragraph id="3B41A0642C3F329AC8A8C1B1B9464388" pageId="23" pageNumber="122">Biology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B5D9CC3059B63874D2476E6606D0AF4C" pageId="23" pageNumber="122">
Recorded host plants include several
<taxonomicName id="5F722F07F441D082CA636D2E9F089B49" family="Fabaceae" lsidName="Parectopa" pageId="23" pageNumber="122" rank="family">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
, namely
<taxonomicName id="AE1BF40F51E2334183608A627BA3B52F" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Lathyrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lathyrus japonicus" order="Fabales" pageId="23" pageNumber="122" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="japonicus">Lathyrus japonicus</taxonomicName>
Willd. [Syn.
<taxonomicName id="3BAC76AA82FE198D9F293D144DECEE81" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Lathyrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lathyrus maritimus" order="Fabales" pageId="23" pageNumber="122" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="maritimus">Lathyrus maritimus</taxonomicName>
(L.) Fr.] (Quebec),
<taxonomicName id="777007A7D7FCEDE5D9435D668AEA0867" class="Gastropoda" family="Eosiphonidae" genus="Lathyrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lathyrus" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="23" pageNumber="122" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Lathyrus</taxonomicName>
sp. (California),
<taxonomicName id="17A03D98518499B4AB5FBF26EFFBBEA7" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Melilotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Melilotus albus" order="Fabales" pageId="23" pageNumber="122" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="albus">Melilotus albus</taxonomicName>
Medik. (British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario, Connecticut),
<taxonomicName id="F046EE1FF615865046C4C2EAC4E37717" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Vicia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Vicia caroliniana" order="Fabales" pageId="23" pageNumber="122" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="caroliniana">Vicia caroliniana</taxonomicName>
Walter (Kentucky, type of
<taxonomicName id="BEDD6B232956DDD56DDA1925172523AE" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Parectopa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parectopa occulta" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occulta">occulta</taxonomicName>
),
<normalizedToken id="62908CD55689423C3D9321361C437A08" originalValue="“vetch”">&quot;vetch&quot;</normalizedToken>
(Utah, type of
<taxonomicName id="1F0A348A1F106D88D76C2ABA8851107A" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Parectopa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parectopa albicostella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albicostella">albicostella</taxonomicName>
),
<taxonomicName id="ED6719166A00DE131217F45F13FFFEBF" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Lupinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lupinus" order="Fabales" pageId="23" pageNumber="122" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Lupinus</taxonomicName>
sp. (British Columbia),
<taxonomicName id="401976E330D5DA939B49664A33867188" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Caragana" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Caragana" order="Fabales" pageId="23" pageNumber="122" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Caragana</taxonomicName>
sp. (British Columbia). It was collected in meadows, at the edge of forests, in open ponderosa pine forests (Washington), in alpine meadows (British Columbia), along the sea shore (Quebec), and probably other habitats, from sea level to high elevations in the mountains (Nevada), where suitable hosts occur. Records indicate two generations, at least over parts of its range, with most adult records in mid-summer. Early seasonal records in March - April as well as late-flying adults in October - December found indoors in southern Canada (Quebec, Ontario) suggest overwintering in the adult stage.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D96923412B2A42CEC08B5DD18C2AB8BB" pageId="23" pageNumber="122" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="7CB61447826AE3A992387D0758B0B1F0" pageId="23" pageNumber="122">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="070390CCF2E9606A6504BBC34ABDDA93" pageId="23" pageNumber="122">
<taxonomicName id="D709DB21DAD65F5490F41ABB339D653E" class="Insecta" family="Gracillariidae" genus="Micrurapteryx" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Micrurapteryx occulta" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occulta">Micrurapteryx occulta</taxonomicName>
is here recorded from across North America in the northern half of the continent, in Canada from the Maritime Provinces (Newfoundland, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia) to British Columbia, north to northernmost Yukon; in the United States it has been found in Connecticut (D.L. Wagner, pers. comm.), Kentucky, Illinois (T. Harrison, pers. comm.), Colorado (E. van Nieukerken, pers. comm.), Utah, Nevada, and California.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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