285 lines
29 KiB
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285 lines
29 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.198.79514" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-198-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="486F1F1B4F5854D2831AAA341B9A322C" ModsDocID="1314-2003-198-1" checkinTime="1654168732655" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Aubriot, Xavier & Knapp, Sandra" docDate="2022" docId="47DA34ECAF137372ABA95930CCBA46C6" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 198: 1-270" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 198" docPubDate="2022-06-01" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.198.79514" docTitle="Solanum praetermissum Kerr ex Barnett, Kew Bull. 16: 485. 1963." docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="486F1F1B4F5854D2831AAA341B9A322C" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="486F1F1B4F5854D2831AAA341B9A322C" masterDocTitle="A revision of the " spiny solanums " of Tropical Asia (Solanum, the Leptostemonum Clade, Solanaceae)" masterLastPageNumber="270" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1654168732655" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A revision of the " spiny solanums " of Tropical Asia (Solanum, the Leptostemonum Clade, Solanaceae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Aubriot, Xavier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Universite Paris-Saclay, CNRS, AgroParisTech, Ecologie Systematique et Evolution, 91190, Gif-sur-Yvette, France & The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 5 BD, UK</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Knapp, Sandra</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7698-3945</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 5 BD, UK</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">s.knapp@nhm.ac.uk</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2022-06-01</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>198</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>270</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.198.79514</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.198.79514</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-198-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">486F1F1B4F5854D2831AAA341B9A322C</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:47DA34ECAF137372ABA95930CCBA46C6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/47DA34ECAF137372ABA95930CCBA46C6" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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32.
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<taxonomicName authority="Kerr ex Barnett, Kew Bull. 16: 485. 1963." authorityName="Kerr ex Barnett, Kew Bull. 16: 485. 1963." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum praetermissum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="praetermissum">Solanum praetermissum Kerr ex Barnett, Kew Bull. 16: 485. 1963.</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Diversity of fruits and seeds in tropical Asian spiny solanums A large oval fruit of Solanum insanum (Sampath Kumar et al. 126918, India) B condensed infructescence and small rounded fruits of Solanum hovei (field photograph, unvouchered, India) C large rounded hairy fruit of S. involucratum with strongly accrescent and spiny calyx (field photograph, unvouchered, Vietnam) D small rounded fruit of Solanum pubescens with elongated calyx lobes (Sampath Kumar et al. 126956, India) E rounded fruit of Solanum cyanocarphium with strongly accrescent and spiny calyx (field photograph, unvouchered, Vietnam) F small rounded fruit of S. trilobatum in transverse cut (Meeboonya et al. RM 242, Thailand) G rounded fruit and accrescent calyx of S. praetermissum in transverse cut (field photograph, unvouchered, Vietnam) H oval fruit of Solanum virginianum in transverse cut (field photograph, unvouchered, India). Photograph credits: A, B, D, F, H X. Aubriot C, E, G M. Nuraliev." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.198.79514.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/689697" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 4G</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 53" captionStartId="F53" captionText="Figure 53. Solanum praetermissimum Kerr ex Barnett A herbarium specimen collected in Laos in 1974 (Vidal 5855, P 00074767) B habit (field photograph, unvouchered, Vietnam) C detail view of a fruit with the calyx removed (field photograph, unvouchered, Vietnam) D detail view a flower (field photograph, unvouchered, Vietnam) E detail view an infructescence (field photograph, unvouchered, Vietnam). Photograph credits: A CC-BY, Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris B-E M. Nuraliev." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.198.79514.figure53" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/689746" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 53</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum barbisetum subsp. var. var. griffithii" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="barbisetum" subSpecies="var." variety="griffithii">Solanum barbisetum Nees var. griffithii</taxonomicName>
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Prain, J. Asiat. Soc. Beng. 65(2): 541. 1896. Type. India. [Arunachal Pradesh?]: "Upper Assam", 1841,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F. Jenkins 253</emphasis>
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(lectotype, designated by
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<bibRefCitation author="Hul, S" editor="Aubreville, A" journalOrPublisher="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle & Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, Paris & Edinburgh" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 93" refId="B101" refString="Hul, S, Dy Phon, P, 2014. Solanaceae. In: Aubreville, A, Leroy, J, Morat, P, Eds., Flore du Cambodge, du Laos et du Vietnam. Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle & Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, Paris & Edinburgh: 1 - 93" title="Solanaceae." volumeTitle="Flore du Cambodge, du Laos et du Vietnam." year="2014">Hul and Dy Phon 2014</bibRefCitation>
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, pg. 36: K [K000449043]; isolectotype: K [K000449042]).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum griffithii" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="griffithii">Solanum griffithii</taxonomicName>
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(Prain) C.Y.Wu & S.C.Huang, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 16(2): 75. 1978, non
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<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" genus="S." higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. griffithii" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="griffithii">S. griffithii</taxonomicName>
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(C.B.Clarke) Kuntze, 1891. Type. Later homonym, based on
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum barbisetum subsp. var. var. griffithii" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="barbisetum" subSpecies="var." variety="griffithii">Solanum barbisetum Nees var. griffithii</taxonomicName>
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Prain.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum neogriffithii" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="neogriffithii">Solanum neogriffithii</taxonomicName>
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V.V.Hop, J. Biol. Vietnam 27(3): 13. 2005. Type. Based on
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum barbisetum subsp. var. var. griffithii" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="barbisetum" subSpecies="var." variety="griffithii">Solanum barbisetum Nees var. griffithii</taxonomicName>
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Prain.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum membranisepalum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="membranisepalum">Solanum membranisepalum</taxonomicName>
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Li Bing Zhang & Ngan T.Lu, Phytotaxa 186(4): 239. 2014. Type. Based on
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum barbisetum subsp. var. var. griffithii" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="barbisetum" subSpecies="var." variety="griffithii">Solanum barbisetum Nees var. griffithii</taxonomicName>
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Prain.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum brevipedunculatum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="brevipedunculatum">Solanum brevipedunculatum</taxonomicName>
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Li Bing Zhang & Yi F.Duan, Phytotaxa 170(4): 280. 2014, non
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<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" genus="S." higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. brevipedunculatum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="brevipedunculatum">S. brevipedunculatum</taxonomicName>
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Rusby, 1907. Type. Based on
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum barbisetum subsp. var. var. griffithii" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="barbisetum" subSpecies="var." variety="griffithii">Solanum barbisetum Nees var. griffithii</taxonomicName>
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Prain.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<typeStatus>Type</typeStatus>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<materialsCitation accessionNumber="BK229395" collectingDate="2022-01-01" collectingDateMax="2022-12-31" collectingDateMin="2022-01-01" collectorName="E. Smith" country="Thailand" location="Tak" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Tak" typeStatus="holotype">
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<collectingCountry name="Thailand">Thailand</collectingCountry>
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.
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<collectingRegion country="Thailand" name="Tak">Tak</collectingRegion>
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: Raheng [Rahaeng],
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<collectorName>E. Smith</collectorName>
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s.n.
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</emphasis>
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(
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<typeStatus>holotype</typeStatus>
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: K [K000614048]; isotypes: BK [
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<accessionNumber httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nucleotide/BK229395">BK229395</accessionNumber>
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], BM [BM000886099])
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Herbs to small shrubs, to 0.5 m tall, armed. Stems erect, terete, moderately to sparsely prickly and densely stellate-pubescent; prickles to 4 mm long, to 2 mm at the base, straight, narrowly deltate, pale yellow, glabrous; trichomes porrect-stellate, mixture of sessile and stalked, the stalks to 0.25 mm long, the rays 4-8, 0.1-0.4 mm long, the midpoints up to 0.1 mm long; new growth densely stellate-pubescent, whitish green in dry material; bark of older stems light brownish, moderately to densely stellate pubescent. Sympodial units difoliate, the leaves geminate, the leaves of a pair differing somewhat in size but not in shape. Leaves simple, entire to shallowly lobed, the blades 9-17 cm long, 6.5-13 cm wide, ca. 1-1.5 times longer than wide, ovate to broadly ovate, chartaceous, discolorous, moderately prickly with 4-16(-24) prickles per leaf side, usually longer than those of the stems, up to 7 mm long, often purplish black in living plants; adaxial surface dark green, moderately to densely stellate-pubescent, the stellate trichomes porrect, sessile or stalked, the stalks to 0.1 mm long, the rays 4-7, 0.1-0.4 mm long, the midpoints up to 0.5 mm long; abaxial surface light green, densely stellate-pubescent with trichomes like those of the adaxial surface but more long-stalked; major veins 4-5 pairs drying whitish brown; base attenuate to truncate; margins sinuate to shallowly lobed, the lobes 3-4 on each side, 0.5-2 cm long, broadly deltate to obovate, apically rounded to acute, the sinuses extending up to 1/3 of the distance to the midvein; apex acute; petiole 2.5-7 cm long, 1/4-1/3 of the leaf blade length, densely stellate-pubescent with porrect sessile trichomes like those of the stems, unarmed or with 1-8 prickles like those of the blades. Inflorescences 1.5-3 cm long, apparently lateral, unbranched, with ca. 5-11 flowers, 1-2 flowers open at any one time; axes densely stellate-pubescent with trichomes like those of the stems, but sometimes purplish tinged in living plants, unarmed or with prickles like those of the stems but smaller, often purplish black in live plants; peduncle 0.2-1 cm long, with 0-4 prickles; pedicels 0.4-1 cm long, ca. 0.75 mm in diameter at the base, ca. 1.5 mm in diameter at the apex, erect to recurved, unarmed or with 1-2 small prickles, densely stellate-pubescent with trichomes like those of the inflorescence axes, articulated at the base; pedicel scars spaced 1-3 mm apart. Buds oval to ellipsoid, more or less exserted from the calyx before anthesis. Flowers 5-merous, apparently all perfect. Calyx with the tube 2-3 mm long, conical, the lobes 2-3.5 mm long, 0.75-1.5 mm wide, narrowly deltate, apically acute, unarmed and densely stellate-pubescent abaxially with trichomes like those of the pedicels. Corolla 0.7-1.5 cm in diameter, white, sometimes pale lilac, stellate, lobed ca. 2/3 of the way to the base, the lobes 4-5.5 mm long, 1.5-3 mm wide, narrowly deltate to deltate, spreading at anthesis, glabrous adaxially, densely stellate pubescent abaxially on parts exposed in bud. Stamens equal; anthers 4-5 mm long, ca. 1 mm wide, not markedly connivent, tapering, yellow, glabrous, poricidal at the tips, the pores directed distally, not elongating to slits with drying; filament tube <1 mm long; free portion of the filaments 0.5-1 mm long, glabrous. Ovary conical, minutely glandular-puberulent at the top; style ca. 6 mm long, slender, slightly recurved at the apex, glabrous; stigma capitate, minutely papillate. Fruit a globose berry, 4-8 per infructescence, 0.8-1.2 cm in diameter, whitish cream at maturity, the pericarp smooth, glabrous; fruiting pedicels 0.9-1.2 cm long, ca. 1 mm in diameter at the base, 2-3.5 mm in diameter at the apex, woody, erect to recurved, unarmed or with 1-10 prickles; fruiting calyx accrescent, completely covering the fruit at maturity, the tube enclosing the ripe berry, prickly and stellate-pubescent, the lobes expanding to 1 cm long, with up to 20 prickles per lobe, these often purplish black in living plants. Seeds 20-50 per berry, 2-3 mm long, 1.5-2 mm wide, flattened-reniform, light brownish, the surface minutely pitted, the testal cells somewhat sinuate in outline. Chromosome number: not known.</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.198.79514.figure53" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/689746" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 53" startId="F53">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 53.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum praetermissimum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="praetermissimum">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum praetermissimum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Kerr ex Barnett
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
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herbarium specimen collected in Laos in 1974 (
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Vidal 5855</emphasis>
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, P00074767)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
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habit (field photograph, unvouchered, Vietnam)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
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detail view of a fruit with the calyx removed (field photograph, unvouchered, Vietnam)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
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detail view a flower (field photograph, unvouchered, Vietnam)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
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detail view an infructescence (field photograph, unvouchered, Vietnam). Photograph credits:
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
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CC-BY,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Muséum">Museum</normalizedToken>
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national
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<normalizedToken originalValue="d’Histoire">d'Histoire</normalizedToken>
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naturelle, Paris
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B-E</emphasis>
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M. Nuraliev.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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(Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 54" captionStartId="F54" captionText="Figure 54. Distribution of S. praetermissum." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.198.79514.figure54" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/689747" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">54</figureCitation>
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).
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</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum praetermissum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="praetermissum">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum praetermissum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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occurs from northeastern India to South China and Vietnam.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="ecology">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ecology and habitat.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum praetermissum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="praetermissum">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum praetermissum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is a plant of evergreen broadleaf forests or semi-deciduous forests, growing in forest understory or in clearings of secondary woodlands, or on rocky banks; from 300 to 400 m elevation.
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.198.79514.figure54" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/689747" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 54" startId="F54">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 54.</emphasis>
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Distribution of
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<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" genus="S." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. praetermissum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="praetermissum">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. praetermissum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="common names and uses">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Common names and uses.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Vietnam. co chu (Muong,
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<bibRefCitation author="Hul, S" editor="Aubreville, A" journalOrPublisher="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle & Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, Paris & Edinburgh" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 93" refId="B101" refString="Hul, S, Dy Phon, P, 2014. Solanaceae. In: Aubreville, A, Leroy, J, Morat, P, Eds., Flore du Cambodge, du Laos et du Vietnam. Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle & Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, Paris & Edinburgh: 1 - 93" title="Solanaceae." volumeTitle="Flore du Cambodge, du Laos et du Vietnam." year="2014">Hul and Dy Phon 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="preliminary conservation status">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Preliminary conservation status</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Hutchings, A" journalOrPublisher="AGRIVITA Journal of Agricultural Science" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" publicationUrl="http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf" refId="B105" refString="2019. . http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf" url="http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf" year="2019">IUCN 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Least Concern (LC). EOO (1,191,003 km2, LC); AOO (68 km2, EN).
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum praetermissum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="praetermissum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum praetermissum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is widely distributed, but where we have seen it in the field, is in small populations, perhaps indicating further assessment is necessary.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum praetermissum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="praetermissum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum praetermissum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is most similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" genus="S." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. barbisetum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="barbisetum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. barbisetum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, with which it is sympatric and has previously been confused. It was first described as a variety of the latter (as var.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum barbisetum var. griffithii" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="barbisetum" variety="griffithii">Solanum barbisetum griffithii</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and once it was recognised as distinct several attempts were made to assign a name at the specific level (see synonymy); none of these authors apparently realised the name
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" genus="S." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. praetermissum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="praetermissum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. praetermissum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was already published and thus had priority. Both species are small shrubs and have small, whitish cream berries enclosed in prickly accrescent calyces.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum praetermissum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="praetermissum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum praetermissum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" genus="S." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. barbisetum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="barbisetum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. barbisetum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in its pubescence of largely sessile stellate trichomes (versus long-stalked stellate trichomes), lack of bristles on the inflorescence (versus densely bristly inflorescences and calyces, especially in fruit), generally shorter inflorescence axes (1.5-3 cm versus 3-10 cm long, although some young inflorescences can be shorter), and smaller flowers (0.7-1.5 cm versus 1.8-2.2 cm in diameter).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Mill, RR" editor="Grierson, AJC" journalOrPublisher="Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, Edniburgh" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1037 - 1078" refId="B173" refString="Mill, RR, 2001. Solanaceae. In: Grierson, AJC, Long, DG, Springate, LS, Eds., Flora of Bhutan, including a record of plants from Sikkim and Darjeeling Volume 2, part 3. Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, Edniburgh: 1037 - 1078" title="Solanaceae." volumeTitle="Flora of Bhutan, including a record of plants from Sikkim and Darjeeling Volume 2, part 3." year="2001">Mill (2001)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
treated
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" genus="S." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. praetermissum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="praetermissum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. praetermissum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
for Bhutan under the synonym
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" genus="S." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. griffithii" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="griffithii">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. griffithii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, with the suggestion that they were doubtfully distinct. He cited no specimens for Bhutan for either species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/boj.12412" author="Aubriot, X" journalOrPublisher="Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="199 - 223" refId="B8" refString="Aubriot, X, Singh, P, Knapp, S, 2016a. Tropical Asian species show the Old World clade of "spiny solanums" (subgenus Leptostemonum pro parte: Solanaceae) is not monophyletic. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 181 (2): 199 - 223, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/boj.12412" title="Tropical Asian species show the Old World clade of " spiny solanums " (subgenus Leptostemonum pro parte: Solanaceae) is not monophyletic." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/boj.12412" volume="181" year="2016 a">Aubriot et al. (2016a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
resolved
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" genus="S." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. praetermissum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="praetermissum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. praetermissum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as sister to the southern Indian endemic
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" genus="S." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. wightii" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="wightii">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. wightii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but with very low support; in the same study,
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" genus="S." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. barbisetum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="barbisetum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. barbisetum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was resolved as sister to the '
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" genus="S." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. expedunculatum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="expedunculatum">S. expedunculatum</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="relatives’">relatives'</normalizedToken>
|
||
lineage albeit with poor support.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum wightii" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="wightii">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum wightii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also has a strongly accrescent calyx but is otherwise morphologically very different from
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" genus="S." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="S. praetermissum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="praetermissum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. praetermissum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see description below).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">See Suppl. materials 1-3.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |