treatments-xml/data/CB/87/D8/CB87D87DAFD34EC890AA61677826E628.xml
2024-06-21 12:51:49 +02:00

252 lines
21 KiB
XML
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.782.26797" ID-GBIF-Dataset="c62d1cd5-20b2-45c9-abe3-8a8b98bb44fa" ID-PMC="PMC6160864" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-782-95" ID-PubMed="30275721" ID-ZBK="2B276BC250E94244A32A524E2B266DB3" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2018" ModsDocID="1313-2970-782-95" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 782" ModsDocTitle="The genus Mercuria Boeters, 1971 in Morocco: first molecular phylogeny of the genus and description of two new species (Caenogastropoda, Truncatelloidea, Hydrobiidae)" checkinTime="1535418116552" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Boulaassafer, Khadija, Ghamizi, Mohamed &amp; Delicado, Diana" docDate="2018" docId="CB87D87DAFD34EC890AA61677826E628" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 782: 95-128" docOrigin="ZooKeys 782" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.782.26797" docTitle="Mercuria midarensis Boulaassafer, Ghamizi &amp; Delicado, 2018, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="C15971DC-9513-4AC8-B7E5-D74D0EFF8644" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="105" masterDocId="E93FFFFB8C49FFD8E5404665FF8C7362" masterDocTitle="The genus Mercuria Boeters, 1971 in Morocco: first molecular phylogeny of the genus and description of two new species (Caenogastropoda, Truncatelloidea, Hydrobiidae)" masterLastPageNumber="128" masterPageNumber="95" pageNumber="102" updateTime="1668166182236" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>The genus Mercuria Boeters, 1971 in Morocco: first molecular phylogeny of the genus and description of two new species (Caenogastropoda, Truncatelloidea, Hydrobiidae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Boulaassafer, Khadija</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Ghamizi, Mohamed</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Delicado, Diana</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2018</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>782</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>95</mods:start>
<mods:end>128</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.782.26797</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.782.26797</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-782-95</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZBK">2B276BC250E94244A32A524E2B266DB3</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">2B276BC250E94244A32A524E2B266DB3</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="147440666" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:C15971DC-9513-4AC8-B7E5-D74D0EFF8644" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/CB87D87DAFD34EC890AA61677826E628" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="105" pageId="7" pageNumber="102">
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="102" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="102">
<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/C15971DC-9513-4AC8-B7E5-D74D0EFF8644" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Mercuria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mercuria midarensis" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="7" pageNumber="102" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="midarensis">Mercuria midarensis</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="7" pageNumber="102">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="102" type="type material">
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="102">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="102">
Holotype, MNCN 15.05/200019H (Ethanol 80%), a small ditch 7 km from Midar, Northern Morocco,
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="34.909657">34°54.5795'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-3.5671535">3°34.0292'W</geoCoordinate>
, 03/06/2015, leg. K.B., M.G., D.D., T.H. Paratypes MNCN 15.05/200019P, UGSB 17921, and MHNM 18 ZTMH12 (from the same lot).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="102" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="102">Other material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="102">
MOROCCO. MHNM 18 ZTMH20, UGSB 17921, UGSB 17922, a small ditch 7 km from Midar, 03/06/2015 (
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="34.909657">34°54.5795'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-3.5671535">3°34.0292'W</geoCoordinate>
); MHNM 18 ZTMH13, UGSB 19933, Selouan River, S of Nador, 30/04/2016 (
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="35.076862">35°4.6117'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-2.92475">2°55.485'W</geoCoordinate>
); MHNM 18 ZTMH14, UGSB 19939, Ouzej River, Al Aaroui, 30/04/2016, (
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="35.006058">35°0.3634'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-2.9918883">2°59.5133'W</geoCoordinate>
); UGSB 19935, Cherarba ponds W of Saidia, 28/04/2016 (
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="35.105194">35°6.3116'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-2.3458333">2°20.75'W</geoCoordinate>
); MHNM 18 ZTMH15, UGSB 19934, Izerouan River, 20 km W of Nador, 12/05/2015 (
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="35.163887">35°9.8333'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-3.11">3°6.6'W</geoCoordinate>
); MHNM 18 ZTMH16, UGSB 19940, Mariouari River, 30/04/2016 (
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="35.306">35°18.36'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-2.9774716">2°58.6483'W</geoCoordinate>
); MHNM 18 ZTMH17, UGSB 19938, Messoussate River, Selouan, 02/05/2016 (
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="35.0635">35°3.81'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-2.9063833">2°54.383'W</geoCoordinate>
). SPAIN. MHNM 18 ZTMH18, UGSB 19937, Rio de Oro, Melilla, 18/05/2015, (
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="35.28747">35°17.2483'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-2.943805">2°56.6283'W</geoCoordinate>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="102" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="102">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="102">
Shell ovate-conic, whorls 4-5; periostracum whitish; body whorl large, convex, occupying more than three-quarters of total shell length; aperture ovate, complete; umbilicus narrow, not covered by the inner lip; protoconch microsculpture granulated; operculum dark orange to dark brown; central radular tooth formula (3)4
<normalizedToken originalValue="C4(3)/1">-C-4(3)/1-</normalizedToken>
1; bursa copulatrix elongate, with a short duct; one seminal receptacle elongate without duct; penis gradually tapering to strap-like, light to dark grey pigmented; penial appendix similarly pigmented, shorter than penis, base wide, medially positioned on inner edge of penis; nervous system extremely elongated (mean RPG ratio = 0.70), slightly pigmented.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="104" pageId="7" pageNumber="102" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="102">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="103" pageId="7" pageNumber="102">
Shell ovate-conic, whorls 4-5, height 3-4.7 mm (Figure 10
<normalizedToken originalValue="AJ">A-J</normalizedToken>
; Suppl. material 1: Table 1). Periostracum whitish. Protoconch ca. 400
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
wide, whorls
<pageBreakToken pageId="8" pageNumber="103" start="start">1.5</pageBreakToken>
; nucleus ca. 125
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
wide; protoconch microsculpture granulated (Figure 10
<normalizedToken originalValue="KL">K-L</normalizedToken>
). Teleoconch whorls shouldered, separated by deep sutures. Body whorl large, occupying three-quarters of total shell length. Aperture ovate, complete, sometimes in contact with the body whorl; inner lip thicker than outer lip; peristome margin straight (Figure 10
<normalizedToken originalValue="IJ">I-J</normalizedToken>
). Umbilicus narrow, not covered by the inner lip.
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="8" pageNumber="103">
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="103">
Figure 10. Shells and opercula,
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. midarensis" pageId="8" pageNumber="103" rank="species" species="midarensis">M. midarensis</taxonomicName>
sp. n. A, I Holotype MNCN 15.05/200019H B Shell, a small ditch 7 km from Midar C Shell, Selouan River D Shell, Ouzej River E Shell, Cherarba ponds F Shell, Mariouari River G Shell, Rio de Oro H Shell, Izerouan River M, N Opercula (inner, outer sides), a small ditch 7 km from Midar K, L Protoconch and detailed microsculpture of protoconch, Selouan River.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="104">
<pageBreakToken pageId="9" pageNumber="104" start="start">Operculum</pageBreakToken>
as for genus, dark orange to dark brown, surrounded by a thin and transparent border, whorls 2, muscle attachment area oval and located near the nucleus (Figure 10
<normalizedToken originalValue="MN">M-N</normalizedToken>
). Radula length intermediate, ca. 900
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
long (23% total shell length), 7.5 times longer than wide (Figure 11A, F; Suppl. material 1: Table 2); 53-67 rows of teeth. Central tooth formula (3)4
<normalizedToken originalValue="C4(3)/1">-C-4(3)/1-</normalizedToken>
1; central cusp V-shaped, long (Figure 11
<normalizedToken originalValue="BD">B-D</normalizedToken>
,
<normalizedToken originalValue="GI">G-I</normalizedToken>
). Lateral tooth formula (2)3
<normalizedToken originalValue="C">-C-</normalizedToken>
3(2); central cusp tongue-shaped (Figure 11J). Inner marginal teeth with 12-14 long, pointed, cusps. Outer marginal teeth bearing 18-20 cusps (Figure 11
<normalizedToken originalValue="EJ">E-J</normalizedToken>
, Suppl. material 1: Table 2).
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="9" pageNumber="104">
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="104">
Figure 11. Radulae,
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. midarensis" pageId="9" pageNumber="104" rank="species" species="midarensis">M. midarensis</taxonomicName>
sp. n.
<normalizedToken originalValue="AD">A-D</normalizedToken>
Selouan River E A small ditch 7 km from Midar F,
<normalizedToken originalValue="HJ">H-J</normalizedToken>
Rio de Oro G Izerouan River. A, F Radulae ribbons B, G Overview of rows of radulae teeth C, D, H, I Central tooth E, J Inner marginal, outer marginal, and lateral teeth.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="104">
Head and tentacles dark brown pigmented; eye lobes and snout margin unpigmented; pigmentation lighter on neck (Figure 12
<normalizedToken originalValue="GH">G-H</normalizedToken>
). Ctenidium well developed, with 21-26 gill filaments, occupying most of pallial cavity. Osphradium elongate, positioned opposite middle of the ctenidium (Figure 12A). Stomach slightly longer than wide; style sac shorter than stomach, surrounded by an unpigmented intestine (Figure 12B, Suppl. material 1: Table 3). Glandular oviduct from two to three times longer than wide. Albumen gland shorter than capsule gland. Bursa copulatrix elongate, from two to three times longer than wide. Bursal duct very short. Renal oviduct unpigmented, coiled. Seminal receptacle elongate, without duct (Figure 12
<normalizedToken originalValue="DF">D-F</normalizedToken>
, J, Suppl. material 1: Table 4). Prostate gland bean-shaped, approx. two times longer than wide (Figure 12I). Seminal duct entering the posterior region and pallial vas deferens emerging close to its anterior edge. Penis gradually tapering to strap-like, attached well behind right eye, base large and slightly pigmented. Penis tapering, light grey pigmented. Penial appendix light grey, shorter than penis, two times longer than wide, base wide, medially positioned on inner edge of penis (Figure 12
<normalizedToken originalValue="GH">G-H</normalizedToken>
,
<normalizedToken originalValue="KL">K-L</normalizedToken>
; Suppl. material 1: Table 5). Terminal gland large, occupying the whole distal end of the appendix. Nervous system slightly pigmented, extremely elongated (mean RPG ratio 0.70; Suppl. material 1: Table 6); cerebral ganglia almost equal in size and shape (Figure 12C).
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="9" pageNumber="104">
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="104">
Figure 12. Anatomical structures,
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. midarensis" pageId="9" pageNumber="104" rank="species" species="midarensis">M. midarensis</taxonomicName>
sp. n.
<normalizedToken originalValue="AC">A-C</normalizedToken>
, E, G, I,
<normalizedToken originalValue="KL">K-L</normalizedToken>
a small ditch 7 km from Midar D Ouzej River F Rio de Oro H Selouan River. A Ctenidium B Stomach C Partial nervous system D Pallial oviduct E, F Bursa copulatrix and seminal receptacle J Bursa copulatrix drawing G, H Head with penis I Prostate gland K, L Penis drawings. RO renal oviduct SR seminal receptacle.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="9" pageNumber="104" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="104">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="104">
This species is named
<taxonomicName genus="Truncatelloidea" lsidName="Truncatelloidea midarensis" pageId="9" pageNumber="104" rank="species" species="midarensis">midarensis</taxonomicName>
after Midar, the nearby city where this species was collected for first time.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="9" pageNumber="104" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="104">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="104">
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Mercuria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mercuria midarensis" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="9" pageNumber="104" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="midarensis">Mercuria midarensis</taxonomicName>
sp. n. is distributed mostly in spring-fed and riverine habitats of northeastern Morocco and the surroundings of the Spanish city of Melilla.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="105" pageId="9" pageNumber="104" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="104">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="105" pageId="9" pageNumber="104">
The mean uncorrected sequence divergence within
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Mercuria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mercuria midarensis" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="9" pageNumber="104" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="midarensis">Mercuria midarensis</taxonomicName>
was 1.8%, ranging from 0%-3.4%. Despite their geographic proximity,
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. midarensis" pageId="9" pageNumber="104" rank="species" species="midarensis">M. midarensis</taxonomicName>
populations were genetically resolved into two geographically separate groups: the northern populations, i.e. those from the Mariouari River, Rio de Oro, and Izerouan River basins; and the southern ones, i.e. ditch in Midar (type locality), Selouan River, Ouzej River, and Cherarba Ponds. Although mean genetic distances between these two groups of populations were relatively high ranging from 2.6% to 3.4% for COI, we found no consistent morphological differences to consider them distinct. However, we did observe shell variability within each group. For most localities, shell length mostly ranged from 3.0 mm to 4.5 mm, with the body whorl occupying 75-82% total shell length. As exceptions, specimens from the Mariouari and Selouan river basins had larger shells (4.0-5.5 mm and 3.6-4.8 mm, respectively) and a body whorl occupying 60-75% total shell length (Figure 10C, F). Although female genitalia morphology and
<pageBreakToken pageId="10" pageNumber="105" start="start">morphometry</pageBreakToken>
were similar in all populations of the species, we detected variability in penis shape and size. Both the southern populations and the population from the Rio de Oro basin (within the northern group) are characterized by a long penis (2.1-3.2 mm), 2 to 3 times longer than the appendix and 1.5 to 3 times longer than the head. In contrast, northern populations have a shorter penis (0.6-2.1 mm), which is 2.6 to 4 times longer than the appendix. Moreover, in the population from the Izerouan River basin, the penis is 1.4 to 1.8 times longer than the head while it is shorter than the head in the population from the Mariouari River basin.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="105">
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Mercuria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mercuria bakeri" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="10" pageNumber="105" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="bakeri">Mercuria bakeri</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. tingitana" pageId="10" pageNumber="105" rank="species" species="tingitana">M. tingitana</taxonomicName>
have more elongate, tall-spired shells than most of the populations of
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. midarensis" pageId="10" pageNumber="105" rank="species" species="midarensis">M. midarensis</taxonomicName>
sp. n., except for specimens from the Mariouari and Selouan rivers.
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Mercuria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mercuria midarensis" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="10" pageNumber="105" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="midarensis">Mercuria midarensis</taxonomicName>
sp. n. differs from
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. bakeri" pageId="10" pageNumber="105" rank="species" species="bakeri">M. bakeri</taxonomicName>
in its shorter seminal receptacle, shorter bursal duct, and larger penial appendix, and from
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. tingitana" pageId="10" pageNumber="105" rank="species" species="tingitana">M. tingitana</taxonomicName>
in its longer seminal receptacle, larger penis, and fewer cusps on the radular teeth. The mean genetic distance between
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. bakeri" pageId="10" pageNumber="105" rank="species" species="bakeri">M. bakeri</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. midarensis" pageId="10" pageNumber="105" rank="species" species="midarensis">M. midarensis</taxonomicName>
sp. n. was 6.8% while between the latter and
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. tingitana" pageId="10" pageNumber="105" rank="species" species="tingitana">M. tingitana</taxonomicName>
it was 8.5%.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="105" type="ecology">
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="105">Ecology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="105">
Most specimens were found in small ditches or river tributaries attached to stones or simply in the sediment.
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrobiidae" genus="Mercuria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mercuria midarensis" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="10" pageNumber="105" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="midarensis">Mercuria midarensis</taxonomicName>
sp. n. co-occurs with other gastropod species such as
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Melanopsidae" genus="Melanopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Melanopsis praemorsa" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="10" pageNumber="105" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="praemorsa">Melanopsis praemorsa</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Lymnaeidae" genus="Galba" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Galba truncatula" pageId="10" pageNumber="105" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="truncatula">Galba truncatula</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Planorbidae" genus="Ancylus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ancylus fluviatilis" order="Siphonariida" pageId="10" pageNumber="105" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="fluviatilis">Ancylus fluviatilis</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Physidae" genus="Physella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Physella acuta" pageId="10" pageNumber="105" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="acuta">Physella acuta</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>