237 lines
33 KiB
XML
237 lines
33 KiB
XML
<document id="0E8F6CCF8E5E840FE68A4BF3F7BEA2A7" ID-CLB-Dataset="53782" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5222.2.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="bdc0b250-9c50-4be8-9895-d2c7f0201acd" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7456573" ID-ZooBank="777EDF2F-6F0F-4D27-AA42-19B9FFE6F603" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1671438349767" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Cock, Matthew J. W. & Laguerre, Michel" docDate="2022" docId="7431221CAA0BFF93FF0EFB05FDFFF88C" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5222.2.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5222 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Calonotos helymus subsp. craneae Fleming 1957, new status" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="104" masterDocId="88085A64AA08FF90FF99FFA7FFB3FF75" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic changes in the Neotropical wasp moths, Euchromiina and Ctenuchina (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae, Arctiini) relating to the fauna of Trinidad & Tobago, with descriptions of new species" masterLastPageNumber="132" masterPageNumber="101" pageNumber="104" updateTime="1699413635230" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
|
||
<mods:mods id="A5FE1A5F11531613027BF60DF596749F" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="118630D7ACC7F03D7989BB5EE1F06F9F">
|
||
<mods:title id="4DEC7581C856575DB447E0B86F29FACF">Taxonomic changes in the Neotropical wasp moths, Euchromiina and Ctenuchina (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae, Arctiini) relating to the fauna of Trinidad & Tobago, with descriptions of new species</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="5B29F620DD5FA0BB36F6B1F200593508" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="DD7E9A553CE342234F17CD0390063196">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="82773738EBF85EFEC1E99B54698C71F4">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="DA68188910282649727A884A31B2052B">Cock, Matthew J. W.</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation id="253343FE7D3F289B6830A93B170C7C84">CABI, Bakeham Lane, Egham, Surrey TW 20 9 TY, UK</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="E73CF49DD665C8B518EB184DA72D54AD" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="F9E8ED305C930C255C1C38F8B1D9898B">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="311C4A33F4BA5D08F6797A22D79CCA49">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="9D816CCE281E41024033EF13DD872A6E">Laguerre, Michel</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation id="E98F71C1E1CCA4D001C545BCA4003C08">31, rue de la Haute-Lande, 33850 Léognan, France</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="4D9B684E742E1F3845CA35FFAAD0362B">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="1D7A2689021A79268870830860ED2A5B" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="006529A1BEDBDC2A5F7B0CDC1AAA52A0">
|
||
<mods:title id="7A3769F2992543CA6FE43DA06D433156">Zootaxa</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="8B336C16CCE63144488A5356DAEE9300">
|
||
<mods:date id="D1DE212A88592CAF838AA4082EF381A3">2022</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="C8B05A0648E751A86225FF90A570E07F" type="pubDate">
|
||
<mods:number id="6F9DAA23D4AE00F4F15ABF8BFEBDB623">2022-12-19</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="EFB2985DBDB3D3BFA78AEB22EAA9222D" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="8D4DE4E22C21186055D711A6CBFA9B45">5222</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="8BB77CED451573CF3A142439B0E2590B" type="issue">
|
||
<mods:number id="7B146E21E3DFBE40F86DA4068167BD19">2</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="C7FFCCA183B9D476462AEFB5D0DE2550" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="4A3A08452843E2CC192E581E73F7D108">101</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="FE529E7ACB6DA21F4211E970F90C69E4">132</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:classification id="0C1C6FAD578719EF70FC834C64A15051">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="BA6540647C99BE73C7A4EF8A2042030D" type="CLB-Dataset">53782</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="F644174BC04B2C8B450E249ADE3FD828" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5222.2.1</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="A2E23AE1FFFF58AC89EFC5D150EEC555" type="GBIF-Dataset">bdc0b250-9c50-4be8-9895-d2c7f0201acd</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="FCA58A993CD5C136AEDE4106F863249A" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="F918D084F1C417ED27AB9E3EF5DA399B" type="Zenodo-Dep">7456573</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="B2FA71E46413E15FF97E336DC839BB19" type="ZooBank">777EDF2F-6F0F-4D27-AA42-19B9FFE6F603</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="7431221CAA0BFF93FF0EFB05FDFFF88C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7467829" ID-GBIF-Taxon="206462317" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7467829" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7431221CAA0BFF93FF0EFB05FDFFF88C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/7431221CAA0BFF93FF0EFB05FDFFF88C" lastPageNumber="104" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
|
||
<subSubSection id="B482C081AA0BFF93FF0EFB05FA8DFBC8" box="[151,1342,1186,1213]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="FC27930AAA0BFF93FF0EFB05FA8DFBC8" blockId="3.[151,1342,1186,1249]" box="[151,1342,1186,1213]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
|
||
<heading id="A76F2466AA0BFF93FF0EFB05FA8DFBC8" bold="true" box="[151,1342,1186,1213]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" reason="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="CEEC4F18AA0BFF93FF0EFB05FA8DFBC8" bold="true" box="[151,1342,1186,1213]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
|
||
<emphasis id="CEEC4F18AA0BFF93FF0EFB05FECDFBC8" bold="true" box="[151,382,1186,1213]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Calonotos helymus</emphasis>
|
||
(Cramer, 1775, in Cramer 1775–1782)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3B98E889AA0BFF93FCFEFB04FB07FBC9" authority="Fleming, 1957" authorityName="Fleming" authorityYear="1957" baseAuthorityName="Fleming" baseAuthorityYear="1957" box="[871,1204,1186,1213]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Calonotos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="helymus" status="stat. nov." subSpecies="craneae">
|
||
ssp.
|
||
<emphasis id="CEEC4F18AA0BFF93FC05FB04FC4FFBC8" bold="true" box="[924,1020,1187,1213]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">craneae</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9809EEFBAA0BFF93FB9DFB05FB07FBC9" author="Fleming, H." box="[1028,1204,1186,1212]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" pagination="105 - 130" refId="ref15793" refString="Fleming, H. (1957) The Ctenuchidae (moths) of Trinidad, B. W. I. Part I. Euchromiinae. Zoologica, 42, 105 - 130, pl. s 1 - 3. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / p. 190364" type="journal article" year="1957">Fleming, 1957</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D5DFF263AA0BFF93FB22FB04FA8DFBC8" box="[1211,1342,1187,1213]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">new status</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="B482C081AA0BFF93FF0EFB60FDFFF88C" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="FC27930AAA0BFF93FF0EFB60FDAEFB95" blockId="3.[151,1342,1186,1249]" box="[151,541,1222,1249]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
|
||
<figureCitation id="64A38F8FAA0BFF93FF0EFB60FEB0FB95" box="[151,259,1222,1249]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 4" captionStart-1="FIGURE 5" captionStart-2="FIGURE 6" captionStartId-0="4.[151,250,560,584]" captionStartId-1="4.[151,250,1003,1027]" captionStartId-2="4.[151,250,1409,1433]" captionTargetBox-0="[186,1398,210,510]" captionTargetBox-1="[186,1400,651,960]" captionTargetBox-2="[187,1401,1078,1363]" captionTargetId-0="figure-22@4.[151,1436,181,536]" captionTargetId-1="figure-42@4.[151,1436,608,979]" captionTargetId-2="figure-60@4.[151,1436,1052,1385]" captionTargetPageId-0="4" captionTargetPageId-1="4" captionTargetPageId-2="4" captionText-0="FIGURE 4. Male Calonotos helymus craneae, Trinidad, above St Benedict’s, MVL, 26.v.1981 (M.J.W. Cock) [MJWC]" captionText-1="FIGURE 5. Male Calonotos helymus craneae, Trinidad, Curepe, MVL, 5.i.1980 (M.J.W. Cock) [MJWC]" captionText-2="FIGURE 6. Female Calonotos helymus craneae, Trinidad, Cat’s Hill, on flowers of Austroeupatorium inulaefolium, 24.ix.2019 (J. Morrall) [MJWC]" figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7456583" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7456585" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7456589" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7456583/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7456585/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/7456589/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Figs. 4–6</figureCitation>
|
||
. BIN: BOLD:AAK1636.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FC27930AAA0BFF93FF0EFAA8FC48F950" blockId="3.[151,1437,1294,2041]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
|
||
Cramer (1775–1782, p. 4, pl. 2 D, E) described
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3B98E889AA0BFF93FD55FAA8FCFFFA5C" baseAuthorityName="Cramer" baseAuthorityYear="1775" box="[716,844,1295,1321]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Calonotos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="helymus">
|
||
<emphasis id="CEEC4F18AA0BFF93FD55FAA8FCFFFA5C" box="[716,844,1295,1321]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">C. helymus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="848FD39AAA0BFF93FC0FFAA8FBB7FA5C" box="[918,1028,1295,1321]" name="Suriname" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Suriname</collectingCountry>
|
||
, with two illustrations representing dorsal and ventral views. There is no known
|
||
<typeStatus id="23232DA8AA0BFF93FD06FA94FD7CFA38" box="[671,719,1331,1357]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">type</typeStatus>
|
||
material.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9809EEFBAA0BFF93FCDDFA94FC68FA38" author="Cerda, J. - A." box="[836,987,1331,1357]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" pagination="2" refId="ref14158" refString="Cerda, J. - A. ([2008]) Euchromiini de Guyana francaise Lepidoptera: Arctiidae, Arctiinae. The author, [Luxembourg], [iv] + 172 + IV (index) pp., 2 CD-Rom." type="journal article" year="2008">Cerda (2008)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
treats this species from French Guiana and illustrates the adult male in dorsal view and male genitalia.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9809EEFBAA0BFF93FCFEFAF0FBC3FA04" author="Kaye, W. J. & Lamont, N." box="[871,1136,1367,1393]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" pagination="1 - 144" refId="ref16942" refString="Kaye, W. J. & Lamont, N. (1927) A catalogue of the Trinidad Lepidoptera Heterocera (moths). Memoirs of the Department of Agriculture, Trinidad and Tobago, 3, 1 - 144." type="journal article" year="1927">Kaye & Lamont (1927)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
recorded
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3B98E889AA0BFF93FB78FAF0FAECFA04" baseAuthorityName="Cramer" baseAuthorityYear="1775" box="[1249,1375,1367,1393]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Calonotos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="helymus">
|
||
<emphasis id="CEEC4F18AA0BFF93FB78FAF0FAECFA04" box="[1249,1375,1367,1393]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">C. helymus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="848FD39AAA0BFF93FF0EFADCFF45FAE0" box="[151,246,1403,1429]" name="Trinidad and Tobago" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Trinidad</collectingCountry>
|
||
on the basis of an undated Lamont specimen from Palmiste. There is a female
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3B98E889AA0BFF93FBE4FADCFF44FACD" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Phoenicoprocta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="vacillans" subSpecies="trinitatis">
|
||
<emphasis id="CEEC4F18AA0BFF93FBE4FADCFF44FACD" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Phoenicoprocta vacillans trinitatis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
morph (i.e. the female morph of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3B98E889AA0BFF93FDF0FA38FD5AFACC" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1856" box="[617,745,1439,1465]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Phoenicoprocta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vacillans">
|
||
<emphasis id="CEEC4F18AA0BFF93FDF0FA38FD5AFACC" box="[617,745,1439,1465]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">P. vacillans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
that
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9809EEFBAA0BFF93FCB9FA38FC59FACC" author="Rothschild, W." box="[800,1002,1439,1465]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" pagination="151 - 186" refId="ref17441" refString="Rothschild, W. (1912) New Syntomidae. Novitates Zoologicae, 19, 151 - 186." type="journal article" year="1912">Rothschild (1912)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3B98E889AA0BFF93FB19FA38FAD0FACD" authorityName="Rothschild" authorityYear="1912" box="[1152,1379,1439,1465]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Antichloris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trinitatis">
|
||
<emphasis id="CEEC4F18AA0BFF93FB19FA38FAD0FACD" box="[1152,1379,1439,1465]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Antichloris trinitatis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with plain dark forewings—see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9809EEFBAA0BFF93FE5FFA64FD32FAA8" author="Fleming, H." box="[454,641,1474,1501]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" pagination="105 - 130" refId="ref15793" refString="Fleming, H. (1957) The Ctenuchidae (moths) of Trinidad, B. W. I. Part I. Euchromiinae. Zoologica, 42, 105 - 130, pl. s 1 - 3. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / p. 190364" type="journal article" year="1957">Fleming (1957))</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, with an identification label as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3B98E889AA0BFF93FC46FA64FBEFFAA8" baseAuthorityName="Cramer" baseAuthorityYear="1775" box="[991,1116,1475,1501]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Calonotos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="helymus">
|
||
<emphasis id="CEEC4F18AA0BFF93FC46FA64FBEFFAA8" box="[991,1116,1475,1501]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">C. helymus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Lamont’s collection in NMS. We accept this misidentified specimen as the basis for
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9809EEFBAA0BFF93FCD4FA40FBD9F974" author="Kaye, W. J. & Lamont, N." box="[845,1130,1511,1537]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" pagination="1 - 144" refId="ref16942" refString="Kaye, W. J. & Lamont, N. (1927) A catalogue of the Trinidad Lepidoptera Heterocera (moths). Memoirs of the Department of Agriculture, Trinidad and Tobago, 3, 1 - 144." type="journal article" year="1927">Kaye & Lamont’s (1927)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
record of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3B98E889AA0BFF93FB78FA40FAEDF974" baseAuthorityName="Cramer" baseAuthorityYear="1775" box="[1249,1374,1511,1537]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Calonotos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="helymus">
|
||
<emphasis id="CEEC4F18AA0BFF93FB78FA40FAEDF974" box="[1249,1374,1511,1537]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">C. helymus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="848FD39AAA0BFF93FF0EF9ACFF4AF950" box="[151,249,1547,1573]" name="Trinidad and Tobago" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Trinidad</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and there have been no other records of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3B98E889AA0BFF93FD5FF9ACFCF0F950" baseAuthorityName="Cramer" baseAuthorityYear="1775" box="[710,835,1547,1573]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Calonotos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="helymus">
|
||
<emphasis id="CEEC4F18AA0BFF93FD5FF9ACFCF0F950" box="[710,835,1547,1573]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">C. helymus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the island.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FC27930AAA0BFF93FF5EF988FA2FF9C0" blockId="3.[151,1437,1294,2041]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9809EEFBAA0BFF93FF5EF988FEC4F93C" author="Fleming, H." box="[199,375,1582,1609]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" pagination="105 - 130" refId="ref15793" refString="Fleming, H. (1957) The Ctenuchidae (moths) of Trinidad, B. W. I. Part I. Euchromiinae. Zoologica, 42, 105 - 130, pl. s 1 - 3. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / p. 190364" type="journal article" year="1957">Fleming (1957)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3B98E889AA0BFF93FE6DF988FDC3F93D" authorityName="Fleming" authorityYear="1957" box="[500,624,1583,1609]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Calonotos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="craneae">
|
||
<emphasis id="CEEC4F18AA0BFF93FE6DF988FDC3F93D" box="[500,624,1583,1609]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">C. craneae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="848FD39AAA0BFF93FD2EF988FCAAF93C" box="[695,793,1583,1609]" name="Trinidad and Tobago" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Trinidad</collectingCountry>
|
||
, based on a type series of
|
||
<specimenCount id="EA9E5883AA0BFF93FBDEF988FB1EF93C" box="[1095,1197,1583,1609]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" type="male">30 males</specimenCount>
|
||
and
|
||
<specimenCount id="EA9E5883AA0BFF93FB7FF988FAD5F93C" box="[1254,1382,1583,1609]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" type="female">24 females</specimenCount>
|
||
. The
|
||
<typeStatus id="23232DA8AA0BFF93FF0EF9F4FF4AF918" box="[151,249,1619,1645]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
can be seen on-line (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9809EEFBAA0BFF93FE7EF9F4FD3CF918" author="AMNH & American Museum of Natural History" box="[487,655,1619,1645]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" refId="ref13760" refString="AMNH (American Museum of Natural History) (2022 a) Calonotos craneae Fleming, 1957. Available from: https: // emu-prod. amnh. org / imulive / iz. html # details = ecatalogue. 10034909 (accessed 18 July 2022)" type="url" year="2022">AMNH 2022a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). This species has subsequently been referred to in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="848FD39AAA0BFF93FB54F9F4FA9FF918" box="[1229,1324,1619,1645]" name="Trinidad and Tobago" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Trinidad</collectingCountry>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9809EEFBAA0BFF93FACFF9F4FEECF9E4" author="Beebe, W. & Kenedy, R." pageId="3" pageNumber="104" pagination="147 - 158" refId="ref13984" refString="Beebe, W. & Kenedy, R. (1957) Habits, palatability and mimicry in thirteen ctenuchid moth species from Trinidad, B. W. I. Zoologica, 42, 147 - 158, pls. I - II. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / p. 203395" type="journal article" year="1957">Beebe & Kenedy (1957)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9809EEFBAA0BFF93FEF3F9D0FE46F9E5" author="Blest, A. D." box="[362,501,1654,1681]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" pagination="161 - 181" refId="ref14041" refString="Blest, A. D. (1964) Protective display and sound production in some new world arctiid and ctenuchid moths. Zoologica, 49, 161 - 181. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / p. 203299" type="journal article" year="1964">Blest (1964)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9809EEFBAA0BFF93FDB5F9D0FD08F9E4" author="Cock, M. J. W." box="[556,699,1655,1681]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" pagination="49 - 58" refId="ref14395" refString="Cock, M. J. W. (2003) On the number of species of moths (Lepidoptera) in Trinidad and Tobago. Living World, Journal of the Trinidad and Tobago Field Naturalists' Club, 2003, 49 - 58. [https: // ttfnc. org / livingworld / index. php / lwj / article / view / cock 2003 b]" type="journal article" year="2003">Cock (2003)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Based on the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="848FD39AAA0BFF93FCC4F9D0FC0FF9E4" box="[861,956,1655,1681]" name="Trinidad and Tobago" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Trinidad</collectingCountry>
|
||
material examined, females typically have three forewing spots (
|
||
<figureCitation id="64A38F8FAA0BFF93FE11F93CFE7FF9C1" box="[392,460,1690,1717]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1409,1433]" captionTargetBox="[187,1401,1078,1363]" captionTargetId="figure-60@4.[151,1436,1052,1385]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 6. Female Calonotos helymus craneae, Trinidad, Cat’s Hill, on flowers of Austroeupatorium inulaefolium, 24.ix.2019 (J. Morrall) [MJWC]" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7456589" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7456589/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
), whereas the spot in space 3 (M
|
||
<subScript id="601C914FAA0BFF93FCACF90AFC8EF9CE" attach="left" box="[821,829,1709,1723]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">3</subScript>
|
||
-Cu
|
||
<subScript id="601C914FAA0BFF93FCFEF90AFCDCF9CE" attach="left" box="[871,879,1709,1723]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">1</subScript>
|
||
) is reduced or sometimes absent in males (
|
||
<figureCitation id="64A38F8FAA0BFF93FAD3F93CFA3CF9C0" box="[1354,1423,1691,1717]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="4.[151,250,560,584]" captionTargetBox="[186,1398,210,510]" captionTargetId="figure-22@4.[151,1436,181,536]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 4. Male Calonotos helymus craneae, Trinidad, above St Benedict’s, MVL, 26.v.1981 (M.J.W. Cock) [MJWC]" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7456583" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7456583/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FC27930AAA0BFF93FF5EF918FAA0F830" blockId="3.[151,1437,1294,2041]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
|
||
In a parallel case to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3B98E889AA0BFF93FE3CF918FD94F9AD" baseAuthorityName="Sepp" baseAuthorityYear="1847" box="[421,551,1727,1753]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Calonotos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aterrima">
|
||
<emphasis id="CEEC4F18AA0BFF93FE3CF918FD94F9AD" box="[421,551,1727,1753]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">C. aterrima</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
above, DNA barcodes (
|
||
<figureCitation id="64A38F8FAA0BFF93FCA8F918FCC3F9AC" box="[817,880,1727,1753]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,250,1682,1706]" captionTargetBox="[154,1431,1173,1653]" captionTargetId="figure-268@1.[151,1435,1170,1656]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Neighbour-joining similarity tree for selected Calonotos sequences. The evolutionary history was inferred using the Neighbor-Joining method (Saitou and Nei 1987). The optimal tree with the sum of branch length = 0.25886344 is shown. The percentage of replicate trees in which the associated taxa clustered together in the bootstrap test (1000 replicates) are shown next to the branches (Felsenstein 1985). The tree is drawn to scale, with branch lengths (next to the branches) in the same units as those of the evolutionary distances used to infer the phylogenetic tree. The evolutionary distances were computed using the Kimura 2-parameter method (Kimura 1980) and are in the units of the number of base substitutions per site. The analysis involved 21 nucleotide sequences. Codon positions included were 1st+2nd+3rd+Noncoding. All ambiguous positions were removed for each sequence pair. There was a total of 676 positions in the final dataset. Evolutionary analyses were conducted in MEGA7 (Kumar et al. 2016). DNA barcodes from our work are available in BOLD dataset DS-CALON." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7456575" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7456575/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
) and the male genitalia of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="848FD39AAA0BFF93FB02F918FB4AF9AC" box="[1179,1273,1727,1753]" name="Trinidad and Tobago" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Trinidad</collectingCountry>
|
||
material show that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3B98E889AA0BFF93FF50F944FEF7F989" authorityName="Fleming" authorityYear="1957" box="[201,324,1763,1789]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Calonotos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="craneae">
|
||
<emphasis id="CEEC4F18AA0BFF93FF50F944FEF7F989" box="[201,324,1763,1789]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">C. craneae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is the same as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3B98E889AA0BFF93FE6AF944FDC3F988" baseAuthorityName="Cramer" baseAuthorityYear="1775" box="[499,624,1763,1789]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Calonotos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="helymus">
|
||
<emphasis id="CEEC4F18AA0BFF93FE6AF944FDC3F988" box="[499,624,1763,1789]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">C. helymus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as found in French Guiana (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9809EEFBAA0BFF93FC2DF944FB8FF988" author="Cerda, J. - A." box="[948,1084,1763,1789]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" pagination="2" refId="ref14158" refString="Cerda, J. - A. ([2008]) Euchromiini de Guyana francaise Lepidoptera: Arctiidae, Arctiinae. The author, [Luxembourg], [iv] + 172 + IV (index) pp., 2 CD-Rom." type="journal article" year="2008">Cerda 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Similarly, specimens with the forewing plain black are not found in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="848FD39AAA0BFF93FDB7F8A0FD3CF854" box="[558,655,1799,1825]" name="Trinidad and Tobago" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Trinidad</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and the white spotted form is not found in French Guiana.Accordingly, we consider it appropriate to treat
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3B98E889AA0BFF93FD8AF88CFD3EF831" authorityName="Fleming" authorityYear="1957" box="[531,653,1835,1861]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Calonotos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="craneae">
|
||
<emphasis id="CEEC4F18AA0BFF93FD8AF88CFD3EF831" box="[531,653,1835,1861]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">C. craneae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a subspecies:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3B98E889AA0BFF93FCD3F88CFB3AF830" authority="Fleming" authorityName="Fleming" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Fleming" baseAuthorityYear="1957" box="[842,1161,1835,1861]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Calonotos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="helymus" status="stat. nov." subSpecies="craneae">
|
||
<emphasis id="CEEC4F18AA0BFF93FCD3F88CFB95F831" box="[842,1062,1835,1861]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">C. helymus craneae</emphasis>
|
||
Fleming
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="CEEC4F18AA0BFF93FB09F88CFAA0F830" bold="true" box="[1168,1299,1835,1861]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D5DFF263AA0BFF93FB09F88CFABDF830" box="[1168,1294,1835,1861]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">new status</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FC27930AAA0BFF93FF5EF8E8FDFFF88C" blockId="3.[151,1437,1294,2041]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
|
||
In
|
||
<collectingCountry id="848FD39AAA0BFF93FF71F8E8FEF9F81C" box="[232,330,1871,1897]" name="Trinidad and Tobago" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Trinidad</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3B98E889AA0BFF93FEC1F8E8FD88F81D" authorityName="Fleming" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Fleming" baseAuthorityYear="1957" box="[344,571,1871,1897]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Calonotos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="helymus" subSpecies="craneae">
|
||
<emphasis id="CEEC4F18AA0BFF93FEC1F8E8FD88F81D" box="[344,571,1871,1897]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">C. helymus craneae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3B98E889AA0BFF93FDEFF8E8FC32F81D" authorityName="Druce" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Druce" baseAuthorityYear="1898" box="[630,897,1871,1897]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Calonotos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="aterrima" subSpecies="tripunctata">
|
||
<emphasis id="CEEC4F18AA0BFF93FDEFF8E8FC32F81D" box="[630,897,1871,1897]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">C. aterrima tripunctata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are both common and can be easily confused. However, as
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9809EEFBAA0BFF93FEB0F8D4FE6BF8F8" author="Fleming, H." box="[297,472,1906,1933]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" pagination="105 - 130" refId="ref15793" refString="Fleming, H. (1957) The Ctenuchidae (moths) of Trinidad, B. W. I. Part I. Euchromiinae. Zoologica, 42, 105 - 130, pl. s 1 - 3. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / p. 190364" type="journal article" year="1957">Fleming (1957)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
pointed out, they can be separated by the green markings on the abdomen. The dorsal green band starts on the anterior margin of abdominal segment
|
||
<quantity id="3B603EEFAA0BFF93FCF7F830FC28F8C4" box="[878,923,1943,1969]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" unit="in" value="1.0">1 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3B98E889AA0BFF93FC3DF830FB82F8C5" authorityName="Sepp" authorityYear="1848" box="[932,1073,1943,1969]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Calonotos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aterimma">
|
||
<emphasis id="CEEC4F18AA0BFF93FC3DF830FB82F8C5" box="[932,1073,1943,1969]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">C. aterimma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="64A38F8FAA0BFF93FBDAF830FB27F8C4" box="[1091,1172,1943,1969]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,599,623]" captionTargetBox="[186,1409,209,549]" captionTargetId="figure-17@3.[151,1436,179,574]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Male Calonotos aterrima tripunctata, Trinidad, Cumaca Road, 4.6 miles, MVL, 21.x.1982 (M.J.W. Cock) [MJWC]" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7456577" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7456577/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Figs. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="64A38F8FAA0BFF93FB3BF830FB02F8C4" box="[1186,1201,1943,1969]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1080,1104]" captionTargetBox="[184,1407,708,1033]" captionTargetId="figure-38@3.[151,1436,684,1057]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 3. Female Calonotos aterrima tripunctata, Trinidad, Curepe, at light, 24.vi.1978 (M.J.W. Cock) [MJWC]" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7456579" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7456579/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">3</figureCitation>
|
||
), but on the anterior margin of abdominal segment
|
||
<quantity id="3B603EEFAA0BFF93FE75F81CFDA4F8A0" box="[492,535,1979,2005]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" unit="in" value="2.0">2 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3B98E889AA0BFF93FD84F81CFD2AF8A0" baseAuthorityName="Cramer" baseAuthorityYear="1775" box="[541,665,1979,2005]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Calonotos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="helymus">
|
||
<emphasis id="CEEC4F18AA0BFF93FD84F81CFD2AF8A0" box="[541,665,1979,2005]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">C. helymus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="64A38F8FAA0BFF93FD31F81CFCA6F8A1" box="[680,789,1978,2005]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 4" captionStart-1="FIGURE 5" captionStart-2="FIGURE 6" captionStartId-0="4.[151,250,560,584]" captionStartId-1="4.[151,250,1003,1027]" captionStartId-2="4.[151,250,1409,1433]" captionTargetBox-0="[186,1398,210,510]" captionTargetBox-1="[186,1400,651,960]" captionTargetBox-2="[187,1401,1078,1363]" captionTargetId-0="figure-22@4.[151,1436,181,536]" captionTargetId-1="figure-42@4.[151,1436,608,979]" captionTargetId-2="figure-60@4.[151,1436,1052,1385]" captionTargetPageId-0="4" captionTargetPageId-1="4" captionTargetPageId-2="4" captionText-0="FIGURE 4. Male Calonotos helymus craneae, Trinidad, above St Benedict’s, MVL, 26.v.1981 (M.J.W. Cock) [MJWC]" captionText-1="FIGURE 5. Male Calonotos helymus craneae, Trinidad, Curepe, MVL, 5.i.1980 (M.J.W. Cock) [MJWC]" captionText-2="FIGURE 6. Female Calonotos helymus craneae, Trinidad, Cat’s Hill, on flowers of Austroeupatorium inulaefolium, 24.ix.2019 (J. Morrall) [MJWC]" figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7456583" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7456585" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7456589" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7456583/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7456585/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/7456589/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Figs. 4–6</figureCitation>
|
||
); further
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3B98E889AA0BFF93FCE5F81CFC4AF8A0" baseAuthorityName="Cramer" baseAuthorityYear="1775" box="[892,1017,1979,2005]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Calonotos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="helymus">
|
||
<emphasis id="CEEC4F18AA0BFF93FCE5F81CFC4AF8A0" box="[892,1017,1979,2005]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">C. helymus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a white spot on either side of this line on A1, not present in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3B98E889AA0BFF93FE20F878FDF6F88D" authorityName="Sepp" authorityYear="1848" box="[441,581,2015,2041]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Calonotos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aterimma">
|
||
<emphasis id="CEEC4F18AA0BFF93FE20F878FDF6F88D" box="[441,581,2015,2041]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">C. aterimma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |