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<document id="157A70B380E0A66CE3085DC6D8D7A744" ID-CLB-Dataset="22673" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4402.3.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6b3fcdbf-53d5-47e5-9b72-3bbfc98e4168" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3769398" ID-ZooBank="05E1CFBA-B510-4860-AD7F-EA5814F19C0D" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1587999120011" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Llorente-Bousquets, Jorge &amp; Castro-Gerardino, Diana Jimena" docDate="2018" docId="03FEE52B0A24920288C9FC236534F81E" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4402.3.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4402 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Leptidea duponcheli" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="411" masterDocId="FFC79D530A2E9208885EFFF76003FFC5" masterDocTitle="Antennal ultrastructure of Leptidea Billberg, 1820 (Pieridae: Dismorphiinae: Leptideini) and its taxonomic implications" masterLastPageNumber="442" masterPageNumber="401" pageNumber="411" updateTime="1698836964039" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="8D833C97E9A49C5CA64ABB75D0D74FFD">Antennal ultrastructure of Leptidea Billberg, 1820 (Pieridae: Dismorphiinae: Leptideini) and its taxonomic implications</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="13D8F17EBBB467DB53BA8F6655D92133">Llorente-Bousquets, Jorge</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="758495CD15A347513B94D84D1B8BA9C6">National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, P. O. Box 37012, Washington, DC. 20013 - 7012, USA.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="3C30E29577A1A944EACE596636C8ADC7">Castro-Gerardino, Diana Jimena</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="B68922A8A924EE143CCCDEE00E8A7C42">National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, P. O. Box 37012, Washington, DC. 20013 - 7012, USA.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="A34CC1CCA241740E673AE2046C3829B0">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03FEE52B0A24920288C9FC236534F81E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3799938" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163751900" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3799938" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FEE52B0A24920288C9FC236534F81E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FEE52B0A24920288C9FC236534F81E" lastPageNumber="411" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">
<subSubSection id="C34D07B60A24920288C9FC236534FBF6" pageId="10" pageNumber="411" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BE8543D0A24920288C9FC236274FC2B" blockId="10.[151,631,980,1006]" box="[151,631,980,1006]" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">
<heading id="D0A0E3510A24920288C9FC236274FC2B" bold="true" box="[151,631,980,1006]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="411" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C572FBE0A24920288C9FC236274FC2B" ID-CoL="3TJNC" authority="(Staudinger, 1871)" baseAuthorityName="Staudinger" baseAuthorityYear="1871" box="[151,631,980,1006]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Leptidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="411" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="duponcheli">
<emphasis id="B923882F0A24920288C9FC236274FC2B" bold="true" box="[151,631,980,1006]" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">
<emphasis id="B923882F0A24920288C9FC23618EFC2B" bold="true" box="[151,397,980,1006]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">Leptidea duponcheli</emphasis>
(Staudinger, 1871)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE8543D0A24920288C9FBE96534FBF6" blockId="10.[151,1436,1050,2011]" box="[151,1335,1050,1075]" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">
ANTENNAL CLUB (
<figureCitation id="136C48B80A249202893DFBED61B1FBF6" box="[355,434,1050,1075]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1523,1545]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,481,1502]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,481,1502]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Photographic composition of the male antenna of Leptidea duponcheli (x150). The arrow indicates the scaleless area on the antennal club." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3769408" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3769408/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">Figs. 3</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136C48B80A24920289E0FBEC61F4FBF6" box="[446,503,1050,1075]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1690,1712]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1668]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,193,1668]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4 (a–f). Antennal club of Leptidea duponcheli. a. Antennal club ♂ (x150). b. Antennal club ♀ (x110). c. Distal antennomere that is equal to three (?) fused (arrow) ♂ (x300). d. Same as c but in ♀ (x300). e. Central sulcus ♂ (x1.00 k). f. Trichoid sensilla ♂ (arrow), surrounded by microtrichia m1 (m) (x5.00 k)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3769412" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3769412/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">4a, b</figureCitation>
). The scaleless club is
<quantity id="4CAFF9D80A2492028AA6FBED634DFBF6" box="[760,846,1050,1075]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.02" pageId="10" pageNumber="411" unit="mm" value="602.0">602 µm</quantity>
long in the male and
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in the female.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34D07B60A2492028899FBB56534F81E" pageId="10" pageNumber="411" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BE8543D0A2492028899FBB56299FB06" blockId="10.[151,1436,1050,2011]" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">
ANTENNOMERES (
<figureCitation id="136C48B80A24920289D2FBC961D8FB92" box="[396,475,1086,1111]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1523,1545]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,481,1502]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,481,1502]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Photographic composition of the male antenna of Leptidea duponcheli (x150). The arrow indicates the scaleless area on the antennal club." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3769408" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3769408/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">Figs. 3</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136C48B80A24920289B9FBC961F5FB92" box="[487,502,1086,1111]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1690,1712]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1668]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,193,1668]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4 (a–f). Antennal club of Leptidea duponcheli. a. Antennal club ♂ (x150). b. Antennal club ♀ (x110). c. Distal antennomere that is equal to three (?) fused (arrow) ♂ (x300). d. Same as c but in ♀ (x300). e. Central sulcus ♂ (x1.00 k). f. Trichoid sensilla ♂ (arrow), surrounded by microtrichia m1 (m) (x5.00 k)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3769412" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3769412/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">4</figureCitation>
a–d). There are usually 5 or 6 scaleless antennomeres; in the female, the presence of three central sulci (the last reduced in size) in the distal antennomere indicates the possibility that the distal three antennomeres are fused. The maximum ratio between length (l) and width (w) is 1:5. The dorsal surface of the antennomere is scaled, rather than the ventral.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE8543D0A2492028899FB256560FAB2" blockId="10.[151,1436,1050,2011]" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">
SULCI AND PSEUDOSULCI (
<figureCitation id="136C48B80A24920289A6FB39623CFB22" box="[504,575,1230,1255]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1690,1712]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1668]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,193,1668]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4 (a–f). Antennal club of Leptidea duponcheli. a. Antennal club ♂ (x150). b. Antennal club ♀ (x110). c. Distal antennomere that is equal to three (?) fused (arrow) ♂ (x300). d. Same as c but in ♀ (x300). e. Central sulcus ♂ (x1.00 k). f. Trichoid sensilla ♂ (arrow), surrounded by microtrichia m1 (m) (x5.00 k)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3769412" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3769412/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
a–e). There are 4–5 central (c) and 7–8 lateral (l), although it is not clear because the sulci are disaggregated. In all cases, the basal antennomeres lack sulci or pseudosulci. They are usually irregular, and in females are more disaggregated and small. In the male, the central sulci in the medial antennomeres occupy the entire length of the antennomere and form a continuous groove. The sides extend toward the dorsal surface from the third antennomere. The pseudosulci are numerous, especially in females (
<figureCitation id="136C48B80A2492028D5CFAA96555FAB2" box="[1282,1366,1374,1399]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1690,1712]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1668]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,193,1668]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4 (a–f). Antennal club of Leptidea duponcheli. a. Antennal club ♂ (x150). b. Antennal club ♀ (x110). c. Distal antennomere that is equal to three (?) fused (arrow) ♂ (x300). d. Same as c but in ♀ (x300). e. Central sulcus ♂ (x1.00 k). f. Trichoid sensilla ♂ (arrow), surrounded by microtrichia m1 (m) (x5.00 k)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3769412" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3769412/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">Fig. 4b</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE8543D0A2492028899FA71632CFA26" blockId="10.[151,1436,1050,2011]" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">
MICROTRICHIA (
<figureCitation id="136C48B80A2492028923FA7561C1FA5E" box="[381,450,1410,1435]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1690,1712]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1668]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,193,1668]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4 (a–f). Antennal club of Leptidea duponcheli. a. Antennal club ♂ (x150). b. Antennal club ♀ (x110). c. Distal antennomere that is equal to three (?) fused (arrow) ♂ (x300). d. Same as c but in ♀ (x300). e. Central sulcus ♂ (x1.00 k). f. Trichoid sensilla ♂ (arrow), surrounded by microtrichia m1 (m) (x5.00 k)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3769412" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3769412/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
f–h). Microtrichia m1, m2, and m4 are present. In the basal antennomere, the m2 are flatter and larger, have fewer striations, and are more separated from each other. The trichoid sensilla and microtrichia ratio (st:m1) in the central sulci is 1:3 to 1:3.6.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE8543D0A2492028899FA0562F9F9EE" blockId="10.[151,1436,1050,2011]" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">
TRICHOID SENSILLA (
<figureCitation id="136C48B80A24920289EFFA196203F9C2" box="[433,512,1518,1543]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1690,1712]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1668]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,193,1668]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4 (a–f). Antennal club of Leptidea duponcheli. a. Antennal club ♂ (x150). b. Antennal club ♀ (x110). c. Distal antennomere that is equal to three (?) fused (arrow) ♂ (x300). d. Same as c but in ♀ (x300). e. Central sulcus ♂ (x1.00 k). f. Trichoid sensilla ♂ (arrow), surrounded by microtrichia m1 (m) (x5.00 k)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3769412" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3769412/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">Fig. 4f</figureCitation>
). The average length is
<quantity id="4CAFF9D80A2492028B56FA196364F9C2" box="[776,871,1518,1543]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.64" pageId="10" pageNumber="411" unit="mm" value="16.4">16.4 µm</quantity>
. The number of sensilla in the central sulci is 12 to 25 for a total of
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the male and
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the female.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE8543D0A2492028899F9CD61CBF97F" blockId="10.[151,1436,1050,2011]" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">
CHAETIC SENSILLA (
<figureCitation id="136C48B80A24920289F9F9C161F8F98A" box="[423,507,1590,1615]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1690,1712]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1668]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,193,1668]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4 (a–f). Antennal club of Leptidea duponcheli. a. Antennal club ♂ (x150). b. Antennal club ♀ (x110). c. Distal antennomere that is equal to three (?) fused (arrow) ♂ (x300). d. Same as c but in ♀ (x300). e. Central sulcus ♂ (x1.00 k). f. Trichoid sensilla ♂ (arrow), surrounded by microtrichia m1 (m) (x5.00 k)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3769412" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3769412/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">
Fig.
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</figureCitation>
). The average length is
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; they are as long as the trichoid, and do not exceed
<quantity id="4CAFF9D80A24920288C9F9AC60DCF9B6" box="[151,223,1627,1651]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="411" unit="mm" value="20.0">20 µm</quantity>
in length; the are shorter in females. On the ventral surface, there are up to six chaetic sensilla located in the middle of the antennomere, near the sulci or pseudosulci; on the dorsal surface there are two to four, for a total of six to ten per antennomere.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE8543D0A2492028899F93D6389F8C6" blockId="10.[151,1436,1050,2011]" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">BASICONIC SENSILLA. The basiconic sensilla are not very abundant relative to the auriculate sensilla, but they are more frequent in the distal antennomeres on the ventral surface.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE8543D0A2492028899F8E5626DF88E" blockId="10.[151,1436,1050,2011]" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">
AURICULATE SENSILLA (
<figureCitation id="136C48B80A2492028984F8F9622CF8E2" box="[474,559,1806,1831]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1690,1712]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1668]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,193,1668]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4 (a–f). Antennal club of Leptidea duponcheli. a. Antennal club ♂ (x150). b. Antennal club ♀ (x110). c. Distal antennomere that is equal to three (?) fused (arrow) ♂ (x300). d. Same as c but in ♀ (x300). e. Central sulcus ♂ (x1.00 k). f. Trichoid sensilla ♂ (arrow), surrounded by microtrichia m1 (m) (x5.00 k)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3769412" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3769412/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">Fig. 4h</figureCitation>
). Theses sensilla are a little more abundant than the basiconic ones; they are present on the ventral and dorsal surfaces.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE8543D0A2492028899F8AD6448F857" blockId="10.[151,1436,1050,2011]" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">
COELOCONIC SENSILLA (
<figureCitation id="136C48B80A2492028983F8A16246F8AA" box="[477,581,1878,1903]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1690,1712]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1668]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,193,1668]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4 (a–f). Antennal club of Leptidea duponcheli. a. Antennal club ♂ (x150). b. Antennal club ♀ (x110). c. Distal antennomere that is equal to three (?) fused (arrow) ♂ (x300). d. Same as c but in ♀ (x300). e. Central sulcus ♂ (x1.00 k). f. Trichoid sensilla ♂ (arrow), surrounded by microtrichia m1 (m) (x5.00 k)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3769412" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3769412/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">Fig. 4i, j</figureCitation>
). Coeloconic sensilla sc1 and sc2 are located on the dorsal surface of the antennal club, especially in the most distal antennomere; sc2 are very rare, only two.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE8543D0A2492028899F8556534F81E" blockId="10.[151,1436,1050,2011]" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">
OTHER SENSILLA (
<figureCitation id="136C48B80A24920289CBF8696203F872" box="[405,512,1950,1975]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1690,1712]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1668]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,193,1668]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4 (a–f). Antennal club of Leptidea duponcheli. a. Antennal club ♂ (x150). b. Antennal club ♀ (x110). c. Distal antennomere that is equal to three (?) fused (arrow) ♂ (x300). d. Same as c but in ♀ (x300). e. Central sulcus ♂ (x1.00 k). f. Trichoid sensilla ♂ (arrow), surrounded by microtrichia m1 (m) (x5.00 k)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3769412" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3769412/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="411">Fig. 4k, l</figureCitation>
). A single styloconic sensillum without stylus is located at the apex of the distal antennomere. In the most distal antennomere, as well as in the basal, we found two campaniform sensilla.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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