163 lines
24 KiB
XML
163 lines
24 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4334432" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e89a8dfa-e923-4a01-97f4-4edd4a0b8db0" ID-GBIF-Taxon="166018118" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4334432" approvedBy="poa" checkinTime="1596207678408" checkinUser="valdenar" docAuthor="Grazia, Jocelia, Schuh, Randall T. & Wheeler, Ward C." docDate="2008" docId="03E187AB6B75FFF1FF3EFA5E15194AEC" docLanguage="en" docName="Cladistics.24.932-976.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Cladistics 24" docStyle="DocumentStyle{}" docTitle="Plataspididae Dallas 1851" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="964" masterDocId="FFD8FFD36B55FFD1FFB9FF8611774F5E" masterDocTitle="Phylogenetic relationships of family groups in Pentatomoidea based on morphology and DNA sequences (Insecta: Heteroptera)" masterLastPageNumber="976" masterPageNumber="932" pageId="32" pageNumber="964" updateTime="1635478016111" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-4.0">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Phylogenetic relationships of family groups in Pentatomoidea based on morphology and DNA sequences (Insecta: Heteroptera)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Grazia, Jocelia</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Zoology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">jocelia@ufrgs.br</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Schuh, Randall T.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY 10024, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Wheeler, Ward C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY 10024, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Cladistics</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2008</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2008-11-21</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>24</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>932</mods:start>
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<mods:end>976</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.1111/j.1096-0031.2008.00224.x</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">e89a8dfa-e923-4a01-97f4-4edd4a0b8db0</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">3968591</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4334432" ID-GBIF-Taxon="166018118" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4334432" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E187AB6B75FFF1FF3EFA5E15194AEC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E187AB6B75FFF1FF3EFA5E15194AEC" lastPageNumber="964" pageId="32" pageNumber="964">
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<subSubSection box="[135,439,1496,1520]" pageId="32" pageNumber="964" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="32.[135,773,1496,1886]" box="[135,439,1496,1520]" pageId="32" pageNumber="964">
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<heading bold="true" box="[135,439,1496,1520]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="32" pageNumber="964" reason="0">
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<taxonomicName authority="Dallas" authorityName="Dallas" authorityYear="1851" box="[135,439,1496,1520]" class="Insecta" family="Plataspididae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="964" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">
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<emphasis box="[135,439,1496,1520]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="964">PLATASPIDIDAE Dallas</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="32" pageNumber="964" type="discussion">
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<paragraph blockId="32.[135,773,1496,1886]" pageId="32" pageNumber="964">
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<emphasis box="[161,272,1526,1550]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="964">Historical</emphasis>
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:
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<bibRefCitation author="Dallas, W. S." box="[297,459,1526,1550]" journalOrPublisher="Trustees of the British Museum, London" pageId="32" pageNumber="964" refId="ref28455" refString="Dallas, W. S., 1851. List of Specimens of Hemipterous Insects in the Collection of the Bristish Museum, Pt. 1. Trustees of the British Museum, London." title="List of Specimens of Hemipterous Insects in the Collection of the Bristish Museum, Pt. 1" type="book" year="1851">Dallas (1851)</bibRefCitation>
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was the first worker to recognize this Old World taxon at the family-group level. Stål (1864) treated it as a subfamily of
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="32.[135,773,1496,1886]" pageId="32" pageNumber="964">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Leach" box="[135,296,1617,1641]" class="Insecta" family="Pentatomidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="964" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Pentatomidae</taxonomicName>
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.
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<bibRefCitation author="Leston, D." box="[310,470,1617,1641]" journalOrPublisher="Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist." pageId="32" pageNumber="964" pagination="512 - 520" part="5" refId="ref30303" refString="Leston, D., 1952. Notes on the Ethiopian Pentatomoidea (Hemiptera). V. On the specimens collected by the A. L. Capener, mainly in Natal. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., 5, 512 - 520." title="Notes on the Ethiopian Pentatomoidea (Hemiptera). V. On the specimens collected by the A. L. Capener, mainly in Natal" type="journal article" year="1952">Leston (1952)</bibRefCitation>
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raised it to family status (= Brachyplatidae). Most modern workers do not recognize an infrafamilial classification, with the exception of
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<bibRefCitation accessDate="2006-07-21" author="Rider, D. A." box="[298,452,1709,1733]" journalOrPublisher="North Dakota State University" pageId="32" pageNumber="964" publicationUrl="http://www.ndsu.nodak.edu/ndsu/rider/Pentatomoidea/" refId="ref31311" refString="Rider, D. A., 2006. Pentatomoidea Home Page. North Dakota State University. http: // www. ndsu. nodak. edu / ndsu / rider / Pentatomoidea / [accessed on 21 July 2006]." title="Pentatomoidea Home Page" type="url" year="2006">Rider (2006)</bibRefCitation>
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, who recognized the subfamilies Brachyplatidinae and
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<taxonomicName box="[514,670,1740,1764]" class="Insecta" family="Plataspidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="964" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Plataspidinae">Plataspidinae</taxonomicName>
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.
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<bibRefCitation author="Gapud, V." journalOrPublisher="Philippine Entomol." pageId="32" pageNumber="964" pagination="865 - 961" part="8" refId="ref29174" refString="Gapud, V., 1991. A generic revision of the subfamily Asopinae with consideration of its phylogenetic position in the family Pentatomidae and superfamily Pentatomoidea (Hemiptera-Heteroptera). Philippine Entomol. 8, 865 - 961." title="A generic revision of the subfamily Asopinae with consideration of its phylogenetic position in the family Pentatomidae and superfamily Pentatomoidea (Hemiptera-Heteroptera)" type="journal article" year="1991">Gapud (1991)</bibRefCitation>
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considered
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Dallas" authorityYear="1851" box="[351,503,1770,1794]" class="Insecta" family="Plataspididae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="964" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Plataspididae</taxonomicName>
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as the sister group of the
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<taxonomicName box="[182,314,1801,1825]" class="Insecta" family="Lestoniidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="964" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Lestoniidae</taxonomicName>
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(
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<figureCitation box="[334,412,1801,1825]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="1.[113,146,856,875]" captionTargetBox="[159,1406,184,824]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[159,1407,183,824]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Fig. 1. Diagrams showing hypotheses of Pentatomoidea classifications (Bonatto, 1988): (a) Singh-Pruthi, 1925; diagram and discussion; (b) Leston, 1958; Fig. 5; (c) China and Miller, 1959; Fig. 1; (d) Cobben, 1968; figs 269–270; (e) Cobben, 1978; several figures and text; (f) proposed phylogeny of Pentatomoidea (Gapud, 1991). [Captions removed; all taxon names rendered in current spellings; part (f) not from Bonatto (1988).]" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3968593" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3968593/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="964">Fig. 1f</figureCitation>
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), in spite of the variability of the characters that grouped them (see comments under
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<taxonomicName box="[135,272,1862,1886]" class="Insecta" family="Lestoniidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="964" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Lestoniidae</taxonomicName>
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). One character that was treated as
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="32.[836,1474,182,1459]" pageId="32" pageNumber="964">
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synapomorphic for the
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<taxonomicName authorityName=", Bonatto" box="[1149,1320,182,206]" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="964" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="superFamily" superFamily="Pentatomoidea">Pentatomoidea</taxonomicName>
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by
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<bibRefCitation author="Gapud, V." journalOrPublisher="Philippine Entomol." pageId="32" pageNumber="964" pagination="865 - 961" part="8" refId="ref29174" refString="Gapud, V., 1991. A generic revision of the subfamily Asopinae with consideration of its phylogenetic position in the family Pentatomidae and superfamily Pentatomoidea (Hemiptera-Heteroptera). Philippine Entomol. 8, 865 - 961." title="A generic revision of the subfamily Asopinae with consideration of its phylogenetic position in the family Pentatomidae and superfamily Pentatomoidea (Hemiptera-Heteroptera)" type="journal article" year="1991">Gapud (1991)</bibRefCitation>
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was the presence of a pair of ring sclerites (chitinellipsen;
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<bibRefCitation author="Dupuis, C." box="[1014,1175,243,267]" journalOrPublisher="Me m. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris (A" pageId="32" pageNumber="964" pagination="183 - 278" part="6" refId="ref28635" refString="Dupuis, C., 1955. Les genitalia des He mipte`res-He'teropte`res (genitalia externe des deux sexes; voies ectodermique femmelles). Revue de la morphologie, lexique de la nomenclature. Index bibliographique analytique. Me m. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris (A) 6, 183 - 278." title="Les genitalia des He mipte`res-He'teropte`res (genitalia externe des deux sexes; voies ectodermique femmelles). Revue de la morphologie, lexique de la nomenclature. Index bibliographique analytique" type="journal article" year="1955">Dupuis, 1955</bibRefCitation>
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). Gapud treated a single ring sclerite as plesiomorphic because that is the
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="32.[836,1474,182,1459]" pageId="32" pageNumber="964">
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condition he found in the
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Leach" authorityYear="1815" box="[1150,1252,304,328]" class="Insecta" family="Coreidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="964" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Coreidae</taxonomicName>
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that he examined. His observations indicated that these structures were absent in the
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Dallas" authorityYear="1851" box="[1016,1171,365,389]" class="Insecta" family="Plataspididae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="964" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Plataspididae</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Kumar" baseAuthorityYear="1974" box="[1193,1410,365,389]" class="Insecta" family="Acanthosomatidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="964" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Acanthosomatidae</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Distant" box="[836,989,395,419]" class="Insecta" family="PENTATOMIDAE" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="974" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Cyrtocorinae">Cyrtocorinae</taxonomicName>
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, a condition that he treated as a reversal. Our observations in part contradict those of
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<bibRefCitation author="Gapud, V." journalOrPublisher="Philippine Entomol." pageId="32" pageNumber="964" pagination="865 - 961" part="8" refId="ref29174" refString="Gapud, V., 1991. A generic revision of the subfamily Asopinae with consideration of its phylogenetic position in the family Pentatomidae and superfamily Pentatomoidea (Hemiptera-Heteroptera). Philippine Entomol. 8, 865 - 961." title="A generic revision of the subfamily Asopinae with consideration of its phylogenetic position in the family Pentatomidae and superfamily Pentatomoidea (Hemiptera-Heteroptera)" type="journal article" year="1991">Gapud (1991)</bibRefCitation>
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, as we found a pair of ring sclerites to be present in the species of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Dallas" authorityYear="1851" box="[1144,1296,487,511]" class="Insecta" family="Plataspididae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="964" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Plataspididae</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Kumar" baseAuthorityYear="1974" class="Insecta" family="Acanthosomatidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="964" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Acanthosomatidae</taxonomicName>
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that we examined, but in accordance with the observations of
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<bibRefCitation author="Gapud, V." box="[1073,1235,548,572]" journalOrPublisher="Philippine Entomol." pageId="32" pageNumber="964" pagination="865 - 961" part="8" refId="ref29174" refString="Gapud, V., 1991. A generic revision of the subfamily Asopinae with consideration of its phylogenetic position in the family Pentatomidae and superfamily Pentatomoidea (Hemiptera-Heteroptera). Philippine Entomol. 8, 865 - 961." title="A generic revision of the subfamily Asopinae with consideration of its phylogenetic position in the family Pentatomidae and superfamily Pentatomoidea (Hemiptera-Heteroptera)" type="journal article" year="1991">Gapud (1991)</bibRefCitation>
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we did not observe ring sclerites in the
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Distant" box="[1066,1219,579,603]" class="Insecta" family="PENTATOMIDAE" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="974" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Cyrtocorinae">Cyrtocorinae</taxonomicName>
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. Because the presence of ring sclerites varies greatly within families and subfamilies, we have not included this character in our morphological matrix.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="32.[836,1474,182,1459]" pageId="32" pageNumber="964">
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<emphasis box="[862,1045,701,725]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="964">Analytical result</emphasis>
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: The
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Dallas" authorityYear="1851" box="[1110,1262,701,725]" class="Insecta" family="Plataspididae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="964" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Plataspididae</taxonomicName>
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resembles, at least superficially, the
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Amyot and Serville" box="[1054,1177,732,756]" class="Insecta" family="Canopidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="964" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Canopidae</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName authorityName="McAtee and Malloch Historical" box="[1260,1407,732,756]" class="Insecta" family="Megarididae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="964" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Megarididae</taxonomicName>
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, and indeed groups with them in our morphological analyses on the basis of one or more of the following characters (
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<figureCitation box="[844,973,823,847]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStart-2="Fig" captionStartId-0="22.[135,168,1840,1859]" captionStartId-1="23.[113,146,1819,1838]" captionStartId-2="24.[135,168,1801,1820]" captionTargetBox-0="[194,1414,184,1809]" captionTargetBox-1="[156,1411,184,1787]" captionTargetBox-2="[143,1466,184,1769]" captionTargetId-0="figure@22.[194,1323,183,1807]" captionTargetId-1="figure@23.[156,1411,191,1787]" captionTargetId-2="figure@24.[143,1466,192,1769]" captionTargetPageId-0="22" captionTargetPageId-1="23" captionTargetPageId-2="24" captionText-0="Fig. 42. Strict consensus of 96 most parsimonious trees for full-taxon morphological data set, with unsupported nodes supressed. Length = 207; consistency index = 42; retention index = 86. (d) Non-homoplasious; (s) homoplasious." captionText-1="Fig. 43. Strict consensus of three trees derived from successive weighting of the results shown in Fig. 42. (d) Non-homoplasious; (s) homoplasious." captionText-2="Fig. 44. Strict consensus of 12 trees derived from implied weighting analysis of morphological data using PIWE. (d) Non-homoplasious; (s) homoplasious." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3968609" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3968611" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3968613" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/3968609/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/3968611/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/3968613/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="964">Figs 42–44</figureCitation>
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): body sphaeroid (
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<superScript attach="none" box="[1190,1211,817,847]" fontSize="7" pageId="32" pageNumber="964">12</superScript>
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), scutellum well developed (
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<superScript attach="right" box="[916,954,848,878]" fontSize="7" pageId="32" pageNumber="964">163</superScript>
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), frena obsolete (
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<superScript attach="none" box="[1180,1217,848,878]" fontSize="7" pageId="32" pageNumber="964">182</superScript>
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), and gonocoxites 9 joined by membrane (
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<superScript attach="none" box="[1095,1133,879,908]" fontSize="7" pageId="32" pageNumber="964">461</superScript>
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). In the molecular and total evidence analyses, the position of the
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Dallas" authorityYear="1851" box="[1292,1444,915,939]" class="Insecta" family="Plataspididae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="964" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Plataspididae</taxonomicName>
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is more basal and always dissociated from the
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Amyot and Serville" box="[1343,1469,945,969]" class="Insecta" family="Canopidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="964" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Canopidae</taxonomicName>
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, although not from the
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<taxonomicName authorityName="McAtee and Malloch Historical" box="[1112,1259,976,1000]" class="Insecta" family="Megarididae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="964" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Megarididae</taxonomicName>
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; here it forms the sister group (sometimes in conjunction with other taxa) of nearly all
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<taxonomicName authorityName=", Bonatto" box="[995,1166,1037,1061]" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="964" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="superFamily" superFamily="Pentatomoidea">Pentatomoidea</taxonomicName>
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except
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Dallas" authorityYear="1851" box="[1263,1418,1037,1061]" class="Insecta" family="Urostylididae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="964" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Urostylididae</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName authorityName="China & Slater" authorityYear="1956" box="[836,980,1068,1092]" class="Insecta" family="Saileriolidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="964" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Saileriolidae</taxonomicName>
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. These results suggest that the enlarged scutellum is the result of convergence, a conclusion that can be drawn from its observed occurrence in many groups of pentatomoids which show little relation to one another on the basis of other characters. Although the relatively basal placement of the
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Dallas" authorityYear="1851" box="[1228,1380,1220,1244]" class="Insecta" family="Plataspididae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="964" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Plataspididae</taxonomicName>
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contradicts the theories of all prior authors (
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<figureCitation box="[1332,1399,1251,1275]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="1.[113,146,856,875]" captionTargetBox="[159,1406,184,824]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[159,1407,183,824]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Fig. 1. Diagrams showing hypotheses of Pentatomoidea classifications (Bonatto, 1988): (a) Singh-Pruthi, 1925; diagram and discussion; (b) Leston, 1958; Fig. 5; (c) China and Miller, 1959; Fig. 1; (d) Cobben, 1968; figs 269–270; (e) Cobben, 1978; several figures and text; (f) proposed phylogeny of Pentatomoidea (Gapud, 1991). [Captions removed; all taxon names rendered in current spellings; part (f) not from Bonatto (1988).]" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3968593" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3968593/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="964">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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), this position is not altered by changing the taxon composition or the cost regimes in the combined analyses (
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<figureCitation box="[844,973,1342,1366]" captionStart-0="Figs 49–52. 49" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStart-2="Fig" captionStart-3="Fig" captionStartId-0="27.[113,152,1804,1823]" captionStartId-1="28.[135,168,1740,1759]" captionStartId-2="29.[113,146,1878,1897]" captionStartId-3="30.[135,168,1651,1670]" captionTargetBox-0="[181,1384,1071,1772]" captionTargetBox-1="[177,1432,184,1708]" captionTargetBox-2="[187,1378,184,1843]" captionTargetBox-3="[177,1431,184,1620]" captionTargetId-1="figure@28.[177,1432,183,1708]" captionTargetId-2="figure@29.[187,1378,183,1843]" captionTargetId-3="figure@30.[177,1432,183,1620]" captionTargetPageId-0="27" captionTargetPageId-1="28" captionTargetPageId-2="29" captionTargetPageId-3="30" captionText-0="Figs 49–52. 49. Single tree derived from analysis of ~470 bp of 28S rRNA using 1: 1 indel ⁄ transition–transversion cost ratio. 50. Single tree derived from analysis of ~1100 bp of COI mtDNA using 1: 1 indel ⁄transition–transversion cost ratio. 51. Total evidence analysis with POY of 52- taxon data set using 1: 1 indel ⁄ transition–transversion cost ratio. 52. Total evidence analysis with POY of 52-taxon data set using 2: 2 indel ⁄ transition–transversion cost ratio." captionText-1="Fig. 53. One of six trees from total evidence analysis with POY of 92-taxon data set using 1: 1 indel ⁄ transition–transversion cost ratio. (d) Non-homoplasious; (s) homoplasious." captionText-2="Fig. 54. One of four trees from total evidence analysis with POY of 92-taxon data set using 1: 2 indel ⁄ transition–transversion cost ratio. (d) Non-homoplasious; (s) homoplasious." captionText-3="Fig. 55. One of three trees from total evidence analysis with POY of 92-taxon data set using 2: 2 indel ⁄transition–transversion cost ratio, which had the lowest MRI value. Bremer support values are shown." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3968617" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3968619" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3968621" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3968623" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/3968617/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/3968619/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/3968621/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/3968623/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="964">Figs 51–55</figureCitation>
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). The monophyly of the
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Dallas" authorityYear="1851" box="[1289,1441,1342,1366]" class="Insecta" family="Plataspididae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="964" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Plataspididae</taxonomicName>
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is supported in our analyses by the condition of laterotergites 9 being contiguous and partially or totally covering segment X (
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<superScript attach="none" box="[1080,1118,1429,1458]" fontSize="7" pageId="32" pageNumber="964">470</superScript>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |