136 lines
16 KiB
XML
136 lines
16 KiB
XML
<document id="7B2FBF1A1F31875B6D5C03C94C3D38E8" ID-CLB-Dataset="2447" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5092.5.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="851d995a-7acd-410b-9ab8-c38a81a2fc4f" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5896385" ID-ZooBank="5E84BAA2-9CD2-4471-93A2-56A468E69DF3" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1643010407355" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Runyon, Justin B." docDate="2022" docId="03E187A1FFC9FFC9D2E9DDDCD00CFD52" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5092.5.3.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5092 (5)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Rhaphium signiferum 1878" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="551" masterDocId="FFD8FFD9FFCFFFCFD27EDD4BD426FF9A" masterDocTitle="Nematode-induced demasculinization of Nearctic Dolichopodidae (Diptera) with five new synonyms" masterLastPageNumber="558" masterPageNumber="545" pageNumber="551" updateTime="1699303849551" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="AE807EEFBD97E9076189C786B33D8B6D">Nematode-induced demasculinization of Nearctic Dolichopodidae (Diptera) with five new synonyms</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="78D3B88DB29FB8D1604F3173E8FBD7DE">Runyon, Justin B.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="C6F603A8F933A81B785FF7FB871025BA">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="EF96728169F12AC9F1F8BBEB07A8DC24">
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<mods:date id="92555EC50D874DA501ABDCDCEA3B0BF5">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="0DBD04ABBA07DFFD0440B3A121C8FE46">2022-01-24</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="A34AE8A2221F54DE1363A2D0092E28A8">5092</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="718489C3482D2A235F380C71A47F8066" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5092.5.3</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03E187A1FFC9FFC9D2E9DDDCD00CFD52" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5898096" ID-GBIF-Taxon="192572190" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5898096" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E187A1FFC9FFC9D2E9DDDCD00CFD52" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E187A1FFC9FFC9D2E9DDDCD00CFD52" lastPageNumber="551" pageId="6" pageNumber="551">
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<subSubSection id="C352653CFFC9FFC9D2E9DDDCD694FF2B" box="[151,690,151,178]" pageId="6" pageNumber="551" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BF736B7FFC9FFC9D2E9DDDCD694FF2B" blockId="6.[151,690,151,214]" box="[151,690,151,178]" pageId="6" pageNumber="551">
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<heading id="D0BF81DBFFC9FFC9D2E9DDDCD694FF2B" bold="true" box="[151,690,151,178]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="551" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C484D34FFC9FFC9D2E9DDDCD694FF2B" ID-CoL="4S4Z3" authority="(Osten Sacken), 1878" baseAuthorityName="Osten Sacken" baseAuthorityYear="1878" box="[151,690,151,178]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Rhaphium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="551" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="signiferum">
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<emphasis id="B93CEAA5FFC9FFC9D2E9DDDCD694FF2B" bold="true" box="[151,690,151,178]" pageId="6" pageNumber="551">
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<emphasis id="B93CEAA5FFC9FFC9D2E9DDDCD585FF2B" bold="true" box="[151,419,151,178]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="551">Rhaphium signiferum</emphasis>
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(Osten Sacken), 1878
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C352653CFFC9FFC9D2E9DDF0D7BCFE32" pageId="6" pageNumber="551" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BF736B7FFC9FFC9D2E9DDF0D501FF4C" blockId="6.[151,690,151,214]" box="[151,295,187,214]" pageId="6" pageNumber="551">
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(
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<figureCitation id="13732A32FFC9FFC9D2E1DDF0D539FF4C" box="[159,287,187,214]" captionStart="FIGURES 20–26" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1856,1880]" captionTargetBox="[163,1423,741,1832]" captionTargetId="figure-195@6.[157,1429,736,1833]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 20–26. Comparison of normal male of Rhaphium signiferum (Osten Sacken) versus male infected by mermithid-like nematodes, and female. 20. Antenna, normal male. 21. Antenna, infected male. 22. Mid coxa (lateral view), normal male. 23. Mid coxa (lateral view), infected male. Note reduced development of apical setae. 24. Head of normal male. 25. Head of infected male. 26. Head of female." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5896399" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5896399/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="551">Figs 20–26</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF736B7FFC9FFC9D2E9DC4BD6A8FE82" blockId="6.[151,654,256,280]" box="[151,654,256,280]" pageId="6" pageNumber="551">
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<taxonomicName id="4C484D34FFC9FFC9D2E9DC4BD6ACFE82" authority="(Osten Sacken), 1878: 242" baseAuthorityName="Osten Sacken" baseAuthorityPageNumber="242" baseAuthorityYear="1878" box="[151,650,256,280]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Rhaphium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="551" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="signiferum">
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<emphasis id="B93CEAA5FFC9FFC9D2E9DC4BD554FE82" box="[151,370,256,280]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="551">Rhaphium signiferum</emphasis>
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(Osten Sacken), 1878: 242
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF736B7FFC9FFC9D2E9DC0DD600FEFA" blockId="6.[151,1437,326,712]" box="[151,550,326,352]" pageId="6" pageNumber="551">
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<emphasis id="B93CEAA5FFC9FFC9D2E9DC0DD53EFEFA" bold="true" box="[151,280,326,352]" pageId="6" pageNumber="551">Nematode.</emphasis>
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Apparent
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<taxonomicName id="4C484D34FFC9FFC9D3F0DC0DD604FEFA" authorityName="Braun" authorityYear="1883" box="[398,546,326,352]" class="Adenophorea" family="Mermithidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mermithida" pageId="6" pageNumber="551" phylum="Nematoda" rank="family">Mermithidae</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF736B7FFC9FFC9D2B9DC22D7BCFE32" blockId="6.[151,1437,326,712]" pageId="6" pageNumber="551">
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<emphasis id="B93CEAA5FFC9FFC9D2B9DC22D661FE19" bold="true" box="[199,583,361,388]" pageId="6" pageNumber="551">Demasculinized male examined.</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="3B203CEAFFC9FFC9D031DC21D7B0FE32" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3451916304" collectingDate="2007-06-20" collectionCode="MTEC" collectorName="JB Runyon" country="United States of America" county="Centre Co." elevation="580" location="Hanne Trail" municipality="Black Moshannon State Park" pageId="6" pageNumber="551" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Pennsylvania">
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<specimenCount id="9D4EFD3EFFC9FFC9D031DC21D65AFE1E" box="[591,636,362,388]" pageId="6" pageNumber="551" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F35F7627FFC9FFC9D0F7DC21D6E2FE1E" box="[649,708,362,388]" name="United States of America" pageId="6" pageNumber="551">USA</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="498CF855FFC9FFC9D0AEDC21D74EFE1E" box="[720,872,362,388]" country="United States of America" name="Pennsylvania" pageId="6" pageNumber="551">Pennsylvania</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCounty id="62964E3BFFC9FFC9D10BDC21D7D7FE1E" box="[885,1009,362,388]" pageId="6" pageNumber="551">Centre Co.</collectingCounty>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality id="6B93ACCDFFC9FFC9D180DC21D16CFE1E" box="[1022,1354,362,388]" pageId="6" pageNumber="551">Black Moshannon State Park</collectingMunicipality>
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, Moss-
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<location id="8E97606CFFC9FFC9D2E9DCC5D539FE32" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E187A1FFC9FFC9D2E9DDDCD00CFD52:8E97606CFFC9FFC9D2E9DCC5D539FE32" box="[151,287,398,424]" country="United States of America" county="Centre Co." municipality="Black Moshannon State Park" name="Hanne Trail" pageId="6" pageNumber="551" stateProvince="Pennsylvania">Hanne Trail</location>
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,
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<location id="8E97606CFFC9FFC9D354DCC5D58CFE32" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E187A1FFC9FFC9D2E9DDDCD00CFD52:8E97606CFFC9FFC9D354DCC5D58CFE32" box="[298,426,398,424]" country="United States of America" county="Centre Co." municipality="Black Moshannon State Park" name="Shirks Run" pageId="6" pageNumber="551" stateProvince="Pennsylvania">Shirks Run</location>
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,
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<quantity id="4CB09B52FFC9FFC9D3CBDCC5D5D8FE32" box="[437,510,398,425]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.8" pageId="6" pageNumber="551" unit="m" value="580.0">
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<elevation id="0065D184FFC9FFC9D3CBDCC5D5D8FE32" box="[437,510,398,425]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.8" pageId="6" pageNumber="551" unit="m" value="580.0">580 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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,
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<date id="FFF61077FFC9FFC9D074DCC5D685FE32" box="[522,675,398,424]" pageId="6" pageNumber="551" value="2007-06-20">
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<collectingDate id="EFB2E99FFFC9FFC9D074DCC5D685FE32" box="[522,675,398,424]" pageId="6" pageNumber="551" value="2007-06-20">20 June 2007</collectingDate>
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</date>
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,
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<collectorName id="26BD5361FFC9FFC9D0D0DCC5D70DFE32" box="[686,811,398,424]" pageId="6" pageNumber="551">JB Runyon</collectorName>
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(
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<collectionCode id="ED59AE72FFC9FFC9D144DCC5D7A8FE32" box="[826,910,398,424]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/zm6z-4gpy" name="Montana State Entomology Collection" pageId="6" pageNumber="551" type="Museum">MTEC</collectionCode>
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)
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</materialsCitation>
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||
.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C352653CFFC9FFC9D2B9DCF9D00CFD52" pageId="6" pageNumber="551" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BF736B7FFC9FFC9D2B9DCF9D00CFD52" blockId="6.[151,1437,326,712]" pageId="6" pageNumber="551">
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<emphasis id="B93CEAA5FFC9FFC9D2B9DCF9D51DFE56" bold="true" box="[199,315,434,460]" pageId="6" pageNumber="551">Remarks.</emphasis>
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The demasculinized specimen was initially thought to represent an undescribed species. Recognition that two species of
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<taxonomicName id="4C484D34FFC9FFC9D305DC9DD5DAFE6A" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1796" box="[379,508,470,496]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Dolichopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="551" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B93CEAA5FFC9FFC9D305DC9DD5DAFE6A" box="[379,508,470,496]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="551">Dolichopus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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from this site were infected by mermithid-like nematodes (
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<taxonomicName id="4C484D34FFC9FFC9D6CEDC9CD163FE6A" box="[1200,1349,470,496]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Dolichopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="551" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dorycerus">
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<emphasis id="B93CEAA5FFC9FFC9D6CEDC9CD163FE6A" box="[1200,1349,470,496]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="551">D. dorycerus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C484D34FFC9FFC9D7FFDC9CD4D2FD8E" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Dolichopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="551" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sincerus">
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<emphasis id="B93CEAA5FFC9FFC9D7FFDC9CD4D2FD8E" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="551">D. sincerus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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) spurred re-examination that indicated this specimen to be a demasculinized form of
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<taxonomicName id="4C484D34FFC9FFC9D69DDCB0D158FD8E" baseAuthorityName="Osten Sacken" baseAuthorityYear="1878" box="[1251,1406,506,532]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Rhaphium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="551" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="signiferum">
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<emphasis id="B93CEAA5FFC9FFC9D69DDCB0D158FD8E" box="[1251,1406,506,532]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="551">R. signiferum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, a common species at the site. The genitalia of the infected specimen is smaller and not fully centered beneath the abdomen. Most MSSCs are weakly developed in the infected specimen, including: postpedicel shorter with longer arista and smaller apical lamella (cf.
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<figureCitation id="13732A32FFC9FFC9D04CDF2DD696FD1A" box="[562,688,614,640]" captionStart="FIGURES 20–26" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1856,1880]" captionTargetBox="[163,1423,741,1832]" captionTargetId="figure-195@6.[157,1429,736,1833]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 20–26. Comparison of normal male of Rhaphium signiferum (Osten Sacken) versus male infected by mermithid-like nematodes, and female. 20. Antenna, normal male. 21. Antenna, infected male. 22. Mid coxa (lateral view), normal male. 23. Mid coxa (lateral view), infected male. Note reduced development of apical setae. 24. Head of normal male. 25. Head of infected male. 26. Head of female." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5896399" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5896399/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="551">Figs 20, 21</figureCitation>
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), face broader (cf.
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<figureCitation id="13732A32FFC9FFC9D1FDDF2DD025FD1B" box="[899,1027,614,641]" captionStart="FIGURES 20–26" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1856,1880]" captionTargetBox="[163,1423,741,1832]" captionTargetId="figure-195@6.[157,1429,736,1833]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 20–26. Comparison of normal male of Rhaphium signiferum (Osten Sacken) versus male infected by mermithid-like nematodes, and female. 20. Antenna, normal male. 21. Antenna, infected male. 22. Mid coxa (lateral view), normal male. 23. Mid coxa (lateral view), infected male. Note reduced development of apical setae. 24. Head of normal male. 25. Head of infected male. 26. Head of female." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5896399" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5896399/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="551">Figs 24, 25</figureCitation>
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), postocular setae scarcely flattened, mid coxa with poorly developed cluster of fused apical setae (cf.
|
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<figureCitation id="13732A32FFC9FFC9D102DFC1D7D8FD3E" box="[892,1022,650,676]" captionStart="FIGURES 20–26" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1856,1880]" captionTargetBox="[163,1423,741,1832]" captionTargetId="figure-195@6.[157,1429,736,1833]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 20–26. Comparison of normal male of Rhaphium signiferum (Osten Sacken) versus male infected by mermithid-like nematodes, and female. 20. Antenna, normal male. 21. Antenna, infected male. 22. Mid coxa (lateral view), normal male. 23. Mid coxa (lateral view), infected male. Note reduced development of apical setae. 24. Head of normal male. 25. Head of infected male. 26. Head of female." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5896399" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5896399/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="551">Figs 22, 23</figureCitation>
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), weak development of longer white setae on front and mid femora, and smaller apical swelling of the front basitarsus.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |